Evening Star Newspaper, January 9, 1926, Page 6

‘THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. U, SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 1926. THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. January 9, 1926 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspuper Company Business Office 11th St. 4 ennsylvania Ave. New York 0: 110 East 42nd St Chicago 0 Tower Building Turopean Ofice 14 Rewent St.. London, Enclar The Evening Star. with the g edition, fs delivered by o o city at' 60 cents per m 48 cents per mio inday month T Ty mail or is made by All Other States and Canada. 1yr 1mo 1yr 1 mo 15 1 SH00 nday M Member of the Associated Press. | Iy entitled itad in thix TPhitahed” b al dispal Parks and Local Taxpuyers. The propositfon to shift the entire burden of ¢ ng the parkway | connection nac and Rock Creek s upon the shoulders of the local calls uttention to the fact direct vivlation of ippropriations for park developr in the District Maryland and V i, through the new District of Columbia Park Com mission, are so thoushtlessly fe ! that every c the cost is being paid the locul taxpayers. The annual appropriations of more than a m! n dollars a vear, authc tzed as supplemental and extraordi pary expenditures by the new District of Columbia Park Commission gre directed by the law ftself to be paid “from the revenues of the Dis- triet of Columbia and the general funds of the Treasury in the same proportion as other expenses of the District of Columbia.” as law, The current ratio is 60-40, fixed in the substantive law by the new or: ganic act of 19 nd still unrepeuled The wholesale exceptions to the 60-49 ratio involved in the temporary lump- payment plan of 1926 merely suspend the substantive law of 1322 for the vear during which the exceptions apply and do not repeal or perma- nently amend the substantive law. The Park Commission law clearly contemplates (and provides) that the authorized annual appropriation of a million dollars shall be made, $500,000 from the District revenue and $400,000 from the National Treasury. If the District appropriations for 1927 are to be made at the 60-40 ratio in ac- cordance with existing substantive law, this apportionment of the parks expenditure will result automatically. If tentatively and for only the year, a lump-sum payment is to be sub- stituted for the national 40 per cent contribution, the Nation's contribu- tion of $400.000, or thereabouts, cught lawfully and equitably to be added specifically to the nine millions of basic lump-sum payment. The Park Commission appropriation s made unmistakably as a supgle- ment to the current maintenance and development appropriation, with its nine millions of payment in accordance with last vear's tenta- tive precedent. If the 60-40 ratfo fs pplied to the whole appropriation, if the lump-sum payment is n suggested, it is gen- erally that every cent of the Park Commissfon’s million dol- Jars per year will come from the Dis- lump-sum and increased as recognized permit any tenta- i e ratio of national «nd local community contribution to- ward Capital development to throw the whole burden of Park Commission expenditure upon the loral taxpayers 1. The law specifically forbids this procedure by directing a division of the cost. 2. The project is broadly national. The terms of the law suggest the pa- triotic interest in it to the extent of a cent a year contribution of every man, woman and child in the Republic. Con- gress will detect the gross perversion of law and equity which results in a denial to 109,500,000 Americans of all participation in the patriotic orivilege of parks contribution and exacts the entire 110,000,000 pennies, represent- fng the whole Nation, from the half | milliom Americans (at more than §2 snnually per head) of the District of Columbia. 3. The ftitle to all the land pur- chased by the Park Commission is Yested in the United States. The Park Commission can purchase land in ad- ing with as in the District. falls upon log If the whole cost 1 taxpayers their tax money will buy for Uncle Sam exclu- sive title fo land outside of the Dis- grict in Maryland and Virginia. asy way to avoid this and perversion of the law is ter temporary ment with the lJump- payr to adhers now without exception the definite propertion plan of contribution directed by exist- Ing substantive law. If, however, there 15 to temporarily, a Imp- sum contribution for 1927, £400,000 should clearly the House appropriations ee and the House to the basic mp-sum payment. ——— s a sad commentary on that any person who fts even nt Station is practically the front door of Washington. It is the view that first greets the newcomer to the city. He sees the Capitol, which is an in- spiring sight, but the middle distance is a clutter of temporary bulldings, unimproved areas, irregular lines, generally a vision of untidiness. Until the Government decides to go ahead and finish the condemnation this condition will continue. The owners of the land not vet acquired may time build on it, which would greatly add to the eventual cost. Unless the lines of the proposed plaza are changed and the space to he improved fs materially reduced, it is only a question of time when the s now marked out for inclusion must be hought. Delay, therefore, is an ¢ Promptness {8 an economy. The passage of this bill, which, it 1s hoped, will soon be ap- proved by the Senate, will be a prac- tical move toward saving money and it the same time saving the face of the Capitsl City by finishing up this nee. Jjob and affording a proper vista at the i main entrunce. e — Parking Ban Veloed. A decided showing of public oppo sitfon has caused the Commissioners to veto the plan to bar alinight park- ing on the streets of Washington Nowing Commissioner Fenning's original proposal thousands of letters were written to District officials and commenting on the plan newspape: \ majority were clearly op posed, and the scheme, therefore, was dropped. The Commissioners in their de ision, however, have not solved the problem. They have merely post- oned it. Parking, both day and night, is reaching proportions that are bound eventually to require drastic und perhaps unpopular action. The dead storage of automobiles on the streets of any city Is fundamentally opposed to good traffic regulation. The streets are primarily for moving transportation, both day and night, and any factor that either delavs or stifles this transportation must be eliminated. Washi ton is extremely fortunate le to permit downtown in the davtime. This, of course, is due in a large measure to the width of the streets. But as traf- fic hecomes more congested and the number of automobiles increases there is every reason to belleve that daytime use of the public thorough- fares for long-time parking will be prohibited. And when this action fs taken the question of all-night park- ing will come up again and motor- ists will probably find themselves un- able to park for extended periods in any part of the city, either day or night. It is not a rosy picture to paint of future conditions in Washington. The motor car has come to be a large factor in the daily life of the peuple. It has made itself vital to business development and progress. However, the time will come, whether ten or fifteen years hence no one can say, when an automobile occupying fifteen or more feet of the highway cannot daily serve the individual trans- portation needs of a single person to and from work, unless storage space can be found at both terminals of the trip. There will be too many cars and too many people, granting, of course, that the rate of Increase in automobiles in the United States con- tinues at its present rate. This future condition will not apply to Washington alone. Other citles will have to come to it long before it is found necessary here. Tt is the hope of every motorist and evers citl- zen that the time for such drastic action in Washington will be long: de- layed and that full use of automobiles will be a privilege of those residing here for many years to come. — ——————— Assertions have been made abroad that workingmen cannot be happy without light wines and beer. This makes it appear remarkable that so many laborers should be waiting at the gateways to be smuggled into this prohibition country. —————————— At least we may be sure any embar- rassment about rubber can be settled with nothing like the difficulty that arose in the Republic's early history concerning that great American hx- ury, tea. ———————— The fuel consumer has about given up counting the days till the anthra- cite strike is ended. He now begins to find hope in countin| the arrival of the balmy springtime. ————e————— National temperaments are vastly different. It is feared that this coun- try could gain nothing by asking Mus- solind what he would do in case of an anthracite strike. Two Old Landmarks Pass. Two of Washington's old landmarks are going, both hostelries of note in the past. These are the Capitol Hotel and the Ebbitt House, which are being razed to make'way for important im- provements. It is rather a striking colncidence that these two old bufld- ings should begin to fall before the picks of the wreckers at the same time. They were not precisely co- temporaneous. The Capitol Hotel had passed from its prosperity and de- terforated into a cheap place of lodg- ing by the time that the Ebbitt House as it has stood for many years was erected. Yet it was the scene in its time of notable gatherings. It was a favorite of statesmen of a century ago. The Ebbitt was a social and semi-official center half a century ago. Of the two the Ebbitt gained perhaps gees o chance to establish a monopoly of any kind almost invarfably does so. [ — Pass the Plaza Bill! Agrecment by the Senate commit- fee on public buildings and grounds ort favorably the bill to author- jze purchase of the additional land meeded to complete the projected Cap- $tol-Station plaza puts that measure on the way to speeds the upper house. #t should receive equally prompt at- tention in the House of Representa- tives, 8o that this long-delayed work ey be finished. more national renown than the Cap- itol. Other hotels were more famolus in that early period of local history than the Capitol, though it sheltered some of the most famous personages of that time. The Ebbitt was for many years famous for the residence there of statesmen and officers of the Army and Navy. Men who con- tributed to American history during enactment by {and immediately following the Civil i i is passed there | War lived there. Of late years it has passed from {ts eminence amonk the Washington hotels. It now passes to make room for a notable improvement, a bullding erected by the National The apace in frent ef the Linion ! Press Club, which will be epe of the \ a largest in the city and ons of the richest contributions to its business development of recent years. It Is appropriate that the new Press Club &hould stand on that particular site, for it adjoins and {n some measure colncides with old “newspaper row,” where fifty years agn most of the “Washington correspondents,” repre- sentatives of papers printed elsewhere, had their offices. Thus a tradition is restored, even though a distingulshing feature of the local downtown lund- scape disappears. oot Still Deadlocked. Hope for a prompt settlement of the coal strike induced by a resump- tlon of the negotiations between the miners and the operators has faded as the days have passed without any approach toward agreement. The operators have declared that they stand where they stood in July. The miners insist that they have not changed their position. Perhaps they know just where the issue lie: The public has forgotten If it really ever understood. The consumers merely know that through the unwillingness of the miners to arbitrate on the basls proposed by the operators, and the unwillingness of the vperators to ap- proach a settlement on the basis pro- posed by the miners, the production of anthracite has ceased, stocks are dwindling, prices are mounting and suffering is prevalent. The operators want an adjustment that will not increase the cost of pro- duction: the miners want an agree- ment that will increase the wages and diminish the price of coal. The operators want arbitration, with a long contract; the miners want a set- tlement that is not an arbitration, and a short contract. The public wants coal. Both sides, it Is said, are looking hopefully to Washington for inter. vention. The President cannot inter- vene under the law. Ho can only act persuasively to induce the contend- Ing sldes to submit to a settlement by a Government-named board, which, however, will be without any power of forcing an agreement. Congress might act. Indeed, it has been asked to act, but there appears o be no disposition on the hill to adopt any measure of intervention, but, rather, to “let nature take its course™ and to hope for a settlement through the pressure of circumstances upon the contenders. There is every Indication of a dis- position on the part of the miners themselves to return to work. They want the strike settled on alinost any terms. It 13 not the business of the leaders, however, to allow this pres. sure from within the organization to force their hands. They are fighting for a “principle,” they say, which seems to be the principle of dictating the terms on which work will be re. sumed. And meanwhile the public is paying the bill in increased coal prices, in chilled dwellings, in sickness and in death. ———— Predictions that In years to come the ofl supply will seriously diminish the gasoline supply has not discour- aged the manufacture of motors. The disposition is to make time, while the Juice lasts. B v One of the hopeful signs of the times is the fact that any plan for permanent peace is greeted with at least & show of enthusiastic approval the world over. —————— ‘When an heiress weds a song writer a matter-of-fact parent is very likely to prove impervious even to the most sentimental ballad. —_— e The appointment of Gerald Nye is referred to by many Senators as only & disappointment. SHOOTING STAES. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON A Little Tribute. What citizen has never held An admiration true For one whose eloquence compelled Great thoughts to rise anew! His sparkling phrases finely cut Would make us laugh or sob We put him into office—but He didn’t know his Job! No more unto a bold display Of bluff will T defer. T'll seek the man who plods his way And makes but little stir, [ Who scorns pretenses, while his heart I Beats with an honest throb. & the weeks until |1 hall the an who does his part; The man who knows his job. Making an Impression. ““You print long speeches in the Rec- ord, but you make them uninterest- ing. I don’t want them to be interest- ing,” replied Senator Sorghum. “My friends at home will not read enough to enable them to criticize. They will observe the length and give me credit for great industry Missing a Familiar Voice. The traffic signal causes doubt, Remalining silent as I ride. I'd rather it would bawl me out. Please put a phonograph inside! Jud Tunkins says children should listen to the wisdom of parents; only too many parents disappoint their au- dience. Dealing With an Outlaw. “What was that crowd running Mesa Bill out of town for?" “For bein’ a bootlegger, Cactus Joe. “Is Crimson Guich that strict?” “Just between ourselves, 1 have my suspiclons they was hustlin’ him on his way for & new supply. “Politics,” sald Uncle Eben, ‘gits dangerous when some o’ de men in it git’s 'way past bein’ politiclans and 'magines dey’s hypnotizers,” China’s Chief Industry. From the Durham Sun. Frosperity lingers in China. The wars are lasting so much longer than they used to. answered One Consolation. From the Rutland Daily Herald. Nice thing about wearing an old overcoat is you can eat in a restau- | before THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Fog! You recall how Dickens went on about fog. Fog, heavy, impenetrable; fog that cut off the sight of one face from another; fog lying thick in the streets; fog almost as dark as night; fog making the stage coaches lumber more than ever; fog hiding the vice in the evil heart; fog concealing the good In the bright and preclous soul— fog, fog, fog! Washington had lts first real fog in years recently. The Post Office De- partment Building stood almost lost to sight from the norih sidewalk of Pennsylvania avenue. Lights on va- rious floors, especially at each end, stood out throuxh the gloom. while up in the tower a few more lights gleamed. The Capitol was quite lost to sixht. Often the top of the great dome is | obscured, but that day not even a stone of the huge edifice was visihle from any appreciable distance up the Avenu A strange sense of being over one. To stand i siX or seven sto from the ground, and look out the business sky- line of the National Capital was an unusual experience. There wis here no blanket of soft coal smoke to add to the fog itself. Atmospheric conditions Iy were responsible for the misty covering that hagd settled down in the st Familiar lost a window, e say ores were offaced. Yonder d 1. still stoc s gathe de sand an eating plac: at lunch to consume well m wiches, but as far as eves could tell now it was g It was there. undoubtedly, and yet 1t was * ok ok % This was some of the evil work of the dismal for. we told ourselves, secret The phenomena, rare in these parts, excent in the vielnity of the so-called Foggy Bottom (apd often not seen there for months at a time) affected us adversely. High above the traffic roar sounded the siren of the Fire Department. They were going out in the fog! Vi- slons of wrecked apparatus, hurt men and confusfon filled our hearts. It was too bad, we sald, that the engines had to go out in this fog. To us, from our high position, a col- lislon scemed fnevitable. How could thev miss hitting something? We forgot that down there the human eye could see very well for an appreciable distance there were | tomobiles ar of the Maryland and Ne: Une wliil appreciate this feeling. On those beaches one may look for miles, in some localities, perhaps see- ing from afar a bit of wreckage. Since there is nothing to he en but sea, sky and beach. the walker hax ab solutely no standards of comparison Surely it fs the hull of a ship! He | walks faster and faster. Perhaps he | was a away when he spotted the thing—he walks d walks, and to his eves the wrecka and larger. It is nof grows larger until he is almost upon it that he realizes his eves, his fmagination and the lack of other ob. jects for comparison have fooled him woetully What he took for a hull of a wreck ed ship turns out to be an old soap | BY PAUL ) After prolonged ersy, the nd the De ent of Justice meeded th Armenfan is a white 1 and as such is eligible to Amerfean citizenship-—pr get into the United under the ienia, bei considered Asi the Imr tion T con. troversy in the col veloped many interesting pi from the standpoint of ethnology and immigra tion restriction. Al admitted immi grants are not eligible 1o become cith 1 zens, and all races who are eligible to become citizens, if here, are not neces. | sarily admissible under our restriction laws. Aliens must leap two hurdle: acquiring citizenship in the United States—race and entrance ¥ Our law admits to citizenship whites, also negroes born in the United States or in Africa and all descendants of Africans. It does not say descend- ants of African negroes, but of any Africans. Hence a Chinaman or Japa- nese, although inadmissible if born in China or Japan. is elizible to United States citizenship if his parents were living in Africa at the time of his birth. Sometimes it is incorrectly construed | that the law applies to Caucasians rather than whites—assuming that th terms are synonymous. All whites are not Caucasians, nor are all Caucasian: white. Some Caucaslans are brown and some are very black. Nor are all blacks negroes or of African de 2 nor are all Africans black. According to our law, it is not a question of com- plexion who are “whites. Keane, in his book, Peoples’ —recognized by sclentists and accepted by our Supreme C high authority—includes as ‘“‘white” the Hindus, the Maori and the Ham- ites, althomgh their complexions range from brown to black. There along the European shore of the Mediterranean Sea classed in eth- nology as “dark whites." It may ap- pear to the layman that science is stretching its prerogative to call black white, but tkis is approved by the Su- prems Court, and recognized by eth- nology. T Our immigration laws bar ail na- tives of Asia coming from a certain specified territory, covering most of the continent. Nearly all Hindus, al- though “whites,” come from that barred region, but if any were born outside of the barred zone and suc- ceed in entering the United States under the quota of the nation from which they come, they may, five yeurs thereafter, vote for our President, for they could become naturalized. The barred zone does not cover Ar- menia, hence Armenians are admis- sible in proper quotas, as immigrants, and hereafter they, too, may be nat- uralized. * % ok % The Armenians are perhaps the old- est race in history. They claim de- scent from Togarmah, the great- grandson of Noah (Genesls, x). The father of their country was Hayq, and thefr own name for thefr country 1s Hayq, but one of Hayq's descend- ents was King Aram, whose name became the root of “Armenfa” several generations later. The Armenians are not racially connected with their con- querors, the Turks. The earliest period of Armenian nationality is given as 2247 B.C. —sometimes recorded as 2492 B.C.— when Hayq rebelled against King Nimrod, or Baal of Babylon, and tounded the country around Mount Ararat. For more than 2000 years Ar- menia, except for short periods, was nationally independent, but after Mo- hammedism gained supremacy in the Near East Christian Armenfins be- came “lawful prey” to fanaticism and cruelty. Fagt Without Walhing the avmrosel. In contrest With ihe teachings of BACKGROUND OF EVENT box with a bit of a spar thrown up fantastically over one end! * K K K The fog brings us the taste of the unusual. It is the usual that prevails in city treets, not more so in Washington streets than in the thoroughfares of other cities, but certalnly as much so. On our streets the usual thing hap- pens, day after day. Routine is so steady that often we fail to grasp the monotony of street life. »w and then a fire engine passes, now and then there fs a trafiic acci- dent, now and then some bit of hu- manity that draws all hearts together. These are the exceptions, howeve Minute after minute, hour after hour, the usual takes place. There are the same old street ca running ong there, the same old flow of au- tomobiles, each so different, yet all so like: the same old shadow across the way, the seme rush of ernment clerks to get Into the build- ing before the strol , the same old departure at 4 the same traffic jums at the very same cor- ners Always the same! ou How many street seen, persenally, ing to offi Perhaps they could be counted on the fingers of one hand. s for being in accidents yourself— come to think of it, you been’ riding around for those 30 without %0 much as being shaken up once! You recul ur street car did an automob ut you did not know It untfl it was all over. It takes the fog, or a premature armistice celebration, or an inaugura- tion. to bring the unusual to Washing- ton streets. ¥ * x % % So, walking along in the mist, we bask'In the unusual. Certainly we are happy to find something to bask In on such a gloomy day! 1f we can honestly be said to bask in this gray- ness that has upset our normaley, for heaven's sake, then, let us bask for all we are worth! We would ltke, however, to see the how do love gun once more. Al we sunshine! We never realized it ®o much as today, when there chance whatever for the sun to s The World Is Walting for the Sun- rise,” some optimistic person is whis ting, but we cannot see the face ¢ the incor « one, for he is fully 2 feot ir conting makes 1 at t hand to furnish some s sible. partson The strange fuct about a fog Is that From our perch evervthing seemed | the will which it sets up ever seems blank, mostly because we were look- | but 20 paces If we could sud ing into space, with no obfects elose |denly les the air and sur enough to furnish guides to the prise that Then might be Those familiar with the sa able to see for a distance of 40 feet, if we could thus catch the fog by sur- prise There seems no likelihood, however. As we advance, the wall goes back wards, 100 ving us forever chasing rainbows, attempting to push aside this thick, unpleasant something that restricts our eves ve had enough of fog for one t us have sun! Fog, fog, go igain some other day. runs through our return to our work, forget the n hour later ¢ t somethi Wishin rk again! has lifted, and there in the the Capitul dome rears its t ue, as usual is the usual, after all! The distanc, head How blesse . COLLINS. Moses, * shalt love nelghbos thyself, e Koran taught 0 true believers, wuge w st ich of in as are near and let them tind severity in you." (Al wan, chapter “S¥hen 3o eheoniiter ilie/unt ads until » t ghter among (Alkoran, chapter 47. last prayer of Mohammed destroy the Jews and i Ac g demonstrates the background of the histe of the fate of the subj ted Armenians f¢ the last thousand years, At the by ginning of the World War there were | )0 Armeni in Turkish A and 1 in the rest « wkish empire, 49,000 in Rus. 1,138,000 in th wucasus and 000 in Pe A total of 2.993,000, spite of 3 rible, wholesale cres since 1885. During the war defenseless n less than 1,000,000 of exp the to 000. “white: Armenlans were repeat- ed by the Turks. not 800,000 heing slain and iriven into deserts to die and starvation. Today ing are less than 1 are Christians nd S There in the United about 50000 Armenians. The immi- gration quota is very limited. even though quotas for countries outside of the present limits of post-war Armenia are considered open fo them, in competition with natives of the respective countries. The pre ent Armenia (under u British man- date which protects against further Turkish_oppr is rded a quota of 124 p o far this year (beginning July 1) we have admitted only 34. Armenians from Greece have to face 4 quota for Greece of only 100, against which it is estimated there are 5,000 Greek applicants waiting. Turkey has a quota of 100 immigrants, with 750 estimated as the number of waiting applicants Just how many of the 50,000 Armeni- ans already in America have yet be- come citizens Is unknown, but there is expected now to be a rush of appli- cations for that privilege. * % * X The case which has just been decided in favor of Armenian naturalization is that of Tatos O. Cartozlan. He had been given citizenship in Oregon. The Department of Labor appealed the case for cancellation of his papers on the ground that he was not eligible, having been born in Armenia of Ar- menian parentage. The District Court dismissed the appeal, holding that Ar- menians are “whites” and therefore within our law. The court, in his opinion, said: “It {s now judicially determined that the mere color of the skin of the in- dividual does not afford a practical test a3 to whether he Is eligible to American citizenship, as that differs greatly among persons of the same race, even among Anglo-Saxons, rang- ing by imperceptible gradations from the fair blond to the swarthy brunette, the latter being darker than many of the lighter-hued persons of the brown or yellow races. The test is racial. “Although the Armenian province is within the confines of the Turkish em- pire, being in Asia Minor, the people thereof have always held themselves aloof from the Turks, the Kurds and allied neoples, principally, it might be sald, on account of thelr religion, though color may have had something to do with it. * ® * Armenians in a4 Minor are of Alpine stock, of ropean persuasion: they are white persons, as commonly recognized in speech of common usage, and as popu- larly understood and {nterpreted in this country by our forefathers." The Department of Justice coincides so strongly with this decision that it has decided to make no appeal to a higher court. Ooporighi, 1838, tv Paul ¥, Collinal States nit| l THE LIBRARY TABLE By the Booklover. Novels of English country life on the great estates have for many read- ers such charm that sometimes lack of the highest literary excellence 1s overlooked for the sake of their atmos- phere. Before-the-war novels of this type depict what seems an almost ideal life in the country houses of the nobility and the squires. An old manor, architecturally interesting and often beautiful, whether Norman, Tudor, Ceorglan, or composite, always forms the center of the scene. Sur- rounding the historic house are the lawns, terraces, gardens and park; then the woods and coverts and the broad acres with their tenant farms. The daily routine is all concerned with the land; visits to the gardens, the orchard, the stables, the kennels, the farms; interviews with the balliff and the agent; drives to the town and about the county on matters of pri- ite or public buainess. Varlations from the routine, the diversions and excitements, are furnished by week end parties, meets of the fox-hounds and stug-hounds, occasional prose- cutions for poaching, church and vil- lige fetes, and a few weeks in Lon- don during the season. Since the war the novel of English country life has changed and now reflects the dis- iIntegrating conditions affecting the great estates. The popularity of Mrs. Humphrey Ward's many novels was due much more to their delightful portrayal of English country life than to their pres- entation of English politics, thoug undoubtedly their author considered the latter her mora valuable contri- bution to literature. What reader of 1 Marcella™ i half as interested in | Marcella Royee's dabbling in county polities and excursfons into socialism In the life at Richard Boyce's im poverished country place and at Maxwell Court? J. C. Snaith's “Broke of (ovenden” fs one of the best of the pre-war novels of this type. Broke is the fox-hunting the family tyrant, the auto- his neighborhood. Without money enough to keep up his estate or to portion his six plain daughters, he suffers no humfliation on that ac’ count nor resigns one fraction of his atural arrogance. Archibald Mar- II's reputation as a novelist de- pends altogether on his country life settin His Squire Clinton is the prototype of Broke of Covenden, only more prosperous and more refined. He and nis famlly appear in the four series novels “The Squire's Daughter,” The 1 " “The Honour of 1t . and “The Old Order { b." In the last novel, written during the war. the tragedy of the lunded aristocracy of England shown. The first chapter describes the sale of a great estate, swamped {hy debts and taxes. “Kemsale was eing sold up—lock, stock and bar It is bought by a cessful ancier, a fact typical and s gnificant much * % ox up of historic English ount of heavy post-war and death duties s made vividly merete by Maud Diver in her novel, recently published, “‘Coombe St Mary Mrs. Diver's sympathy is irely with the aristocratic point of view. "To her the British landowner is the natural guardian of the soil, which is his sacred trust to be safe. guuarded by him for ture genera- | tions. The commercial spirit which would “develop™ the land for profit is { represented by two of her characters, | but meets with no approving response | trom her. Samuel Quinn, honest and | kind hearted, but absolutely inczpable | of understanding the landowner's point of view, gets nowhere when he mpt: to prove to Daphne, Lady Carlyon that 1t would be a fine thing to take over a large section it into a tourist resort, with a big ho- | tel. golf links and amusement places. Daphne pleads pathetically: “Do vou realize th r five hundred years, thera have n Carlyons here, in this house? t from all of them, held his he to he for who s who may come after. It how {ean I put it?>—like keeping a light in {@ shrine.” Quinn pensively scratches | nd says: “It's the first I've heard of these notions.” She retorts: “All the same. these notions have done more for the real England than all your horrid factories.” Coombe St Mury's, the estate of the Carlvons, lies In North Devon and includes, in addition to its farms and pastures, heautiful wooded hills, moors and e the sea. Daphne loves every tract of moor, every every spiral cliff path running Wn to a sandy cove. t. Mary's Is me—and 1 am 1. she s lover. The land is her religion. But in these modern days when democracy and commercialism rule, she has to fight for her inheritance. Her father, Lord Carlyon, dies and leaves her, xirl just past 20, to carry on the = tle he has felt himself to be losing. She succeeds, at least temporarily, through the assistance of Derek Blount, the family friend. and John Lutyens, the man who loves her. But Mrs. Diver has no illusions about the ultimate fate of all such beautiful old estates as Coombe St. Mary's. In modern economy they are doomed and the world will be poorer for their loss. ¥ o ok ox President John C. rnegie Institution should write artic Merriam of the of Washington more popular sclentific es like his thrilling story of the finding of “Ancient Footprints in the Grand ( published in the January Scribner's. The Booklover listened with absorbed interest to Dr. Merriam as he told this tale a yvear or more ago and now is delighted to find it in print. It is the story of the dis- covery of the footprints of a salaman- derlike anfmal which thousands or millions of vears ago had walked on the sand; the sand in the lapse of ages had hardened to plates or slabs of stone and been covered over by thousands of feet of deposits. Now at length these deposits had been cut away, revealing the footprints, which seemed to go straight into the side of the cliff. By excavation of the loose Q. How can I remove scorches from linens?—A. B. 8. Bligkt scorches on cotton or linen ml,i be removed by wetting the spot with soap and water and exposing it to direct sunlight for a day or more. Q. Where does the Arts Club of x\’nahlnm.nn hold its meetings?—L. A. Many of fts receptions, exhibi- tions and other meetings are held in its own home, at 2017 I street. This house is one rich in memories of the past. It was here that President Mon- roe lived during the first months of his first term, while repairs were be- ing made at the White House. The Bal Boheme to be given on January 11 will, however, be held at the New Willard. Q. Do seals swim at a rate of 60 miles an hour?—R. C. A. No definite information is avall- able on the speed which seals attain while swimming. While these animals swim with great rapidity and ease, it 1s not belleved they swim as rapldly a8 €0 miles an hour. Q. Is baccarat a French game?— N.A. K. A. Baccarat is of Itallan origin. Q. What is dew?—F. P. A. Dew {8 moisture condensed from the atmosphere, including the alr contained In soil, and gathered in small drops on the surface of plants and other bodies, which radiate heat well, but conduct it badly. Frost is formed on nights when the dew point is below freezing point Q. Are geared locomotives used any- where besides on roads having steep grades and very sharp curves?—F. A." Geared locomotives are often used in quarries, pit mines, industrial switching and construction work; in fuct, whenever temporary track has to be dealt with. Q. Are the dummy clocks in front of jeweiry stores set at the hour of Lincoln’s death?—W. W. R. A. There have been stories con- nected with the death of Lincoln that the position of the hands is commemo- rative of the hour of his death, but this story can be shown to be false from the simple fact that the hour of the death of Lincoln was not at 8:22 o'clock. Further, the use of this po- sition of the hands of the clock is he- lieved to have preceded Lincoln's death. Q. Why didn't the Continental Arm bombard the British under How when Boston was evacuated?—C. E M. A. Some historians state that short- ly before the evacuation of Boston by the British, Gen. Howe threatened to burn the city if any attempt of bom- bardment were made. Unofficially and informally a sort of agreement was entered into between the opposing forces that if the British were not at- tacked on embarkation they would leave the town substantially as it was. There was no formal communi- ~ation between Washington and Howe, but this was an understanding. Wash- ington also from want of ammunition was obliged to use his artillery spar- ingl, Q. Why are Turkish towels so-call- ed?—A. E. A. Turkish towels are so-called be- cduse the material from which the; are made resembles a cloth of Turk manufacture. Q. ship in the French navy tha the Jean Bart. Why is this?—N. 8. G. A. Jean Baert, or Bart, was a French sailor, 1650-1702, who rose to the rank of commodore under Louis XIV and made the French navy what it was at that time. The Dutch, Eng- h It is said there is always a war- is called lish and Spanish called him the French Devil.” Q. When and where were scissors first used?—G. W. E. A. It was formerly believed that sel s were invented in Venice in the sixteenth century, but records show that implements similar to our modern scissors were in use very much earlier than this perfod. In the remains of Pompeil shears were found made of iron and steel, as well as ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. bronze. Scissors wers alfo in use in various Orlental countries from a very early perfod. It is stated that those manufactared in Europe were copied from the Persian. The Orfental scis- sors were very much ornamented and frequently in the form of & bird, the blade forming the beak. Q. Which wives of Presidents have been members of the D. A. R.?—T. C. A. Mrs. Benjamin Harrison, Mrs. U. 8. Grant and Mrs. Warren G. Harding were members, while Mrs. James K Polk held an honorary office. Q- What proportion of fishink rods are mado of bamboo and of stoel?- A. The Forest Service says that about ninetenths of fishing rods are made of hamboo and onetenth are made of steel. Some ash is used for making fishing rods. However, this {oes not prove as mtistactory as bam Q. Where is the original of “The Angelus”?—L. W. R. A. Millet's painting called “The Angelus” {s owned by the Louvre Gak lery. The painting is on exhibition i the gallery, in Paris. Q. Where does the guava grow and how 1s it eaten?—O. L. H. A. The guava grows in tropleal America, Maxico and the West Indtes. and, as there are over 100 specles, the fruit varies considerably as to color nd shape. Propagation s nearly al vs by seed, but some vegetative | method is generally used to perpetuate desiruble varieties, as the plants do not run true to geed. As a food it 18 used raw with cream and sugar. and also made into shorteakes and pies, but its most common use is for jam, Jelly, cheese and sirup. (_Q. What does TNT stand for?— 3. P. 8. A. “TNT” is an abbreviation for “trinitrotoluena™ or “trinitrotoluol.'| Q. How did the White House re ceive its name?—N. S. A. Following the attack upon tha Executive Mansion in 1814, it was painted white, to obliterate the dam age done by fire. In popular pariance it was soon called by its now familiar name, although officially it was known |as the Executive Mansion until Theo dore Roosevelt put the stamp of hisap proval on the name ‘the White House." Q. What is the evergreen tree o Asia which is considered divine?— It is the Bo tree | is the sacred fig |religiosa, under which during the night fn which he received supreme enlightenment. Q. How much water should cattle be given”—S. N. A. The cow giving 20 pounds o milk daily requires about 7 galions {of water. Since water cannot be ab | sorbed by the system until it is ratsed |to body temperature, about 95 degrees. the water for cows should he moder ately warm. What kind of rock surrounds Q. Great Falls, Va.7—W. M. B. A. The rock formation around reat on both the Virginia and Maryland sides is practically the same This is what is Known as granite o banded granite. Scientists often refer to it as gneiss rock. It runs from Georgetown beyond Great Falis Q. racing champion earn of a year’—D. M. T. A. Peter De Paclo's earnings in his 1925 racing campalgn are estimated at more than $8 0. The total prize money offered during the vear in 11 speedway events and 94 dirttrack meets wns $441,487. (Frederic J. Haskin is employed by this paper to handle the inquiries of our readers, and you are invited to call upon him as freely and as often as you please. Ask anything that is a matter of fact and the authority will be quoted you. There is no charge for this service. Ask what you want sign your name and address and in How much does an automobile in the course cloge ® cents in stamps for retur: postage. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Has , director. Washington, D. C.) End of Wheeler Case Seen In Latest Court Action A satisfactory end of the Whesler case is scen by most of the newspa- pers in the action of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia which declared defective an _indict- ment against the Montana Senator in connection with land deals. While it is difficult to believe says the Springfield Republican (in dependent). “that the Department of Justice has been {indecently and shamelessly used tisfy Harry Daugherty's thirst for vengeance since his forced retirement as Attor- ney General, the limit has been reached in regarding the prosecution of Senator Wheeler as the necessary performance of a public duty. That Attorney General Sargent will take this view of the case seems virtually bevond question.” No likelihood of further fngs is seen by the Dayton Dally News (independent Democratic). “be cause there is a different atmosphere in Washington from that which pre. valled when the original charges were brought, and to Senator Wheeler is due, in large measure, credit f the purification which has come The Memphis News-Scimitar (Inde- pendent) also expresses the judgment that it will be well for the case to come to an end. and adds: “A goodly part of the country has the impres- sion that the case is persecution and whatever fault attaches to Senator Wheeler is purely technical. Nothing has been shown in the proof to indi- to proceed strata, Dr. Merriam was able to track this long-extinct animal further into the mountains. In this brief article Dr. Merrlam communicates to his readers something of the thrill that came to him from his discovery. * ok % % The January Scribner's might also be called a Carnegie number, for it not only has the article by the presl- dent of the Carnegie Institution of ‘Washington. but also one by President Frederick P. Keppel of the Carnegie rporation of New York, entitled layboys of the College World.” Dr. Keppel's article Is an_enspiriting ac- count of the recent developments in the production of classlc and modern plays In American colleges and the writing and acting of plays by under- graduates. Dr. Keppel's theories of this development are interesting. He belleves that the lahor and enthu- siasm put into this work are an evi- dence that the normal youth still en- joys working with his head as well as with his feet and that for many students dramatics represent an un- conscious “escape from the trivialities of the complicated and highly arti- ficial life they have bullt up for them- selves." * ® X % The historical character play con- tinues to fascinate John Drinkwater. He has followed up his “Abraham Lincoln” and “Robert E. Lee” by a six-scene play, “Robert Burns.” This play consists of six more or less dra- matic episodes not very closely uni- fied. There is much quotation from Burns' poetry. The loves of Burns naturally form most of the material of the plage cate that he profited from any of the permits he is alleged to have helped his friends secure.” x k% % “The country, while criticizing the Senate freely,” ‘remarks the Lexing- ton Leader (Republican). “likes to feel that its membership. whatever weakness may be apparent, consists of men who are honest and honorable, and Incapable of engaging in any corrupt transactions for profit and at the expense of the Government. Sen- ator Wheeler's colleagues professed their faith in him from the beginning, but it was necessary from every standpoint to have the case tried.” The Syracuse Herald (independent) adds that “it Is good to know that justice has been done to an innocent man. The New York Evening Post (inde- pendent) thinks ‘“‘three exonerations would seem to be enough” and de- clares “‘the Department of Justice, un- der Attorney General Sargent, has done its duty,” while the case “has been tried In two courts,” in addition to action by Senator Wheeler's legis- lative associates. The Little Rock Arkansas Democrat (Democratic) expresses the hope “that this disgraceful act of persecution really has been wiped off the books,” and the Willlamsport Sun (independ- ent) declares “the country will be very well satisfied if no effort is made to revive the charges through an ap- peal to the higher courts.” * k% % ‘While disagreeing very emphatical- 1y with Mr. Wheeler’s views, the Du- luth Herald (independent) says it “is glad the charges against him have moRw to nothing,” and bopes “that the effort to ie machinery of the eriminal courts to punish men f their political views will not be re peated in this About the Wheeler indictme there has al ways been n taint “of polities,” ac | cording 1o the Philadelphia Pub Ledger (independent). which emph sizes the fact that th | activities in the oil inqt followed his and when | “Dougherty was po. litical life.” 3 swed by the nehburg Advance (Democratic), the whole proceeding has been of dis credit to the Department of Justice and it has cost the American taxpa: ers a considerable sum of money” and in the opinion of Atlantic Clty | Dafly Press (ndependent), “if ever there was o « of bad faith. i | er accusation { The Columbus Ohio | (Republicany says the iore | the earmarks of a_counter-offensive. | To the Hartford Times (independent | Democratic) the action of the court *4 | finding the cha { rant trial con se filled with evidence was that of the Whee! & rms the view that the Wheeler case has been a spite case.” Senator Wheeler's opinion that frem the outset it wi A case of politieal persecution” is helleved by the Utica Observer-Dispatch _(independent) to be warranted, and the Buffalo Evening News (Republican) the proceed ing “'a legacy of hate.” The Mil ce Journal (independent) dec t is performances like these that break down confidence in government, and about which men who have the in terest of the country at heart should be concérned.” * k¥ ¥ “It s distressing to note.” accord Ing to the Rochester Times-Union (In dependent), “that the department, witk much pressing business on its han continued to spend time and money prosecuting a man against whom it had no valid case.” But the St. Loy Post-Dispatch (independent) is con vinced “‘the shattered ‘Ohio gang’ will stalk him no more.” The Great Falis nocratic), stating that as never committed itself to the sup port of Senator Wheeler,” quotes from its own correspondent. “It is hoped that this will be the end of the scan dalous practice of using the Federal machinery for purposes of political vengeance." Much of the comment is far from friendly to Senator Wheeler himself. “The public may now rest assured says the New London Day (Republi- can), “that the war is over, and that neither muck-raker ever proved any- thing on the other.” As to Senators “doing ‘favors’ of this nature in Wash- ington,” the St. Paul Ploneer Press (independent Republican) observ. “we believe it a highly reprehensible practice, whether or not the courts construe it as involving a technicul violation of the law.” The Lafavette Journal and Courler (independent Re publican) concludes that “Wheeler has been more fortunate than were the men he assailed in bis fanatical seml for political capital for campalgn gur- poses,” and that “Wheeler, assassin of character, is enabled by the courts escape reuributive assassination,’