Evening Star Newspaper, August 3, 1925, Page 6

6 THE EVENING With Sun, WASHINGTON, TMONDAY. ....August 3, 1325 STAR THEODORE W. NOYES. . .. Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office and Pennsylvania Ave. 110 Eart dana s & Thwer Building 16 Regent St.. London, England. The Evening Star. with the Sunday mom- 0k edition. 15 delivered by carriers within h at 60 cents per month: daily only. 45 cents per month: Sunday only. 20 cents per month’ Orders may be sent by mail or telephone Main 5000, Collection is made by carrier at the end of each month Mail—Payable in Advance. aryland and Virginia. mo.. mo.. 700 500 20¢ States. $10.00 $7.00 $3.00 . Rbe 1 60 only 80 Sunday only Member of the The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news di Patches credited 10 it oF not otherwise cre ited in this paver and also the s published herein. Al rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved Two Years of Calvin Coolidge. It was two years ago today that Calvin Coolidge took the oath of office as President of the United States under the light of a kerosene lamp in his father’s home at Plymouth, Vt. President Harding's death at San Francis had occurred a few hours earli and in obedience to the call to duty Mr. Coolidge assumed the re- sponsibilities and the lzbors of the office thus vacated. In the first hours of national grief a question pulsed throush the public mind regarding the qualifications of the successor. It could not be said that he was well known to the people. He had been Governor of Massachusetts before his nomination and election as Vice Pres- In the latter office he had for half vears presided over proceedings in the Senate with cteristically quiet demeanor. His reserve of manner had kept him somewhat aloof. He in short an unknown quantity, save his capacity had been disclosed Massachusetts governorship. It was not until after the funeral of Mr. Harding that the country, how- ever, turned to a direct study of the new Chief Executive. It was a diffi cult time for him, more so than in the case of a new President taking office on the 4th of March. It was known that he of decidedly different temperament from Mr. His public views differed in many respects from those of his A radition, however, imposed upon him the obligation to carry on with the policies and practices of the adminis- tration. Yet, that he proposed to be President without limitation set by for the record and perform- ances of his predecessor was soon evi- dent. He quickly impressed the coun- ury by his silent devotion to the rou- tine of duty and by the manifestation of that simple “common sense” that his strongest characteristic. Within a few months of his assump- tion of the office Mr. Coolidge was confronted with a situation the like of which was unknown in the cases of of the preceding successor- Presidents not elected by the people. Disclosures of errors and of miscon- duct by administrative officials placed him in a serious dilemma in the face of which, however, he bore himself steadily and ¢ His party’s con dence in him was manifested in his nomination at Cleveland and the coun try’s confidence was expressed in the ident. two the ar and a wa as in was predecessor. regard any i election last November. Today, on the second anniversary of his accession to the presidency, he is regarded as virtually assured of another nomina- tion in 1928. Whether that means a second ion is for the political fates to answer. These two ¥ development of & personality in the Executive office. Calvin Coolidge, called to duty sud denly by the death of Mr. Harding, has given the country a sound ad- ministration, has appealed to its best endeavors for the general welfare, has conserved the resources of Govern- and has kept the administra- elec s have seen the remarkably strong ment, tion upon a basis of business and nomy and efficiency. . high literary test may be ly demanded of chauffeurs, it is positively essential now that a driver be able to read such words as “stop” and “slow.”” The most impor- tant thoughts are often conveyed in the simplest language. While prope not is e comes When it to a question of dealing with newspaper comment! Mus- 8olini finds it neces: to fortify fascism with little plain old-fash- foned lese majeste ry a ———— Traffic conditions m: compelling the garaged motor night. v wet result in of an un keep moving all proprietor to - Crime in Chicago. The movement which has recently be¥n started for the study and sup- pression of crime in the United States is fully justified by the conditions in the large cities of this country. Just at present Chicago apy to be the crime center. That city has a crime commission which is studying local conditions, and has just made public some figures which will help to shock the American people into the adop- tion of corrective and preventive meas- ures. During the 'first the current year persons have been murdered in Chicago. These were not manslaughter cases, or justi- fiable homicides, but in every instance murders, as so classified by coroner’s juries. At the present rate the year 1925 will vield 391 such killings, or more than one a day. Y In this connection it is stated that capital crime is on the increase in Chicago. In 1919, however, there was an unusual wave of homicide, 330 murders being committed. In 1920 the number dropped to 194. 1In 1921 the murders totaled 190. In 1922 there were 228. In 1923 270 were commit- ted, in 1924 the score was 347, and, as stated, this year up to date, 227. This gives a total of 1,786 murders in Chicago in six years and seven months. Population comparisons lead (o sug- seven months of the | | mestive results. Taking Canada as a | busis of contrast, it has been found {that Chicago has relatively thirteen | times as many murders as all of the Dominion. A recently received report {of the commissioner of police of Lon- | don also gives a lime on the compara- | tive lawlessness of Chicago’s popula- [tion. In 1923 there were 27 murders {in the British metropolis, as against |270 in Chicago. though London has a population of nearly three times that of Chicago. On the basis of the 1920 figures of population and crime, | London had one murder for each 278,896 persons, while Chicago had one for each 10,006 of its inhabitants. Not only in respect to the number of capital crimes committed, but in the punishments administered is there | & marked difference between Chicago and London. In London in 1923 nine | of the 2? murderers were sentenced to death, while in the same year nine of the 270 Chicago murderers were sentenced to be cxecuted. In Lon- only one was set free, whil in Chicago 45 were acquitted. These comparisons are significant. They show first that a disregard for life prevails in this country, and that this is caused by disregard of law. The slackness of punishments, the ease with which acquittals are gained, the softness of penalties, undoubtedly breed this disregard and lead to this | shocking slaughter of human beings. | A national crime commission will have abundant material for study and substantial ground for proposing a remedies for this condition. don tic L5 o Dl R T Labor and Politics. | The American Federation of Labor, | through its executive council, has aguin gone on record in favor of non partisan political action, instead sponsoring a third party movement. The formal action of the council was expected. Much criticism followed in labor circles the decision of the coun. cil a year ago to support the La Fol- lette-Wheeler national ticket. The critics insisted it was a mistake to abandon the traditional policy of non | partisan political action, under which | organized labor has indorsed and sup. ported candidates friendly to labor no matter what party badge they wore. The overwhelming defeat of the third ticket, evidencing clearly that labor | divided along political lines much as did other voters, was an added and { very definite hint that the old policy was the better. And finally, when the Progressives held a meeting in Chi cago last February to determine whas steps. if any, should be taken to carry on with the third party movement, members of the American Federation of Labor, the Railroad Brotherhoods and other organizations declared flat- ly against the entrance of labor such into any political party. In only one other national cam paign has the American Federation of Labor essayed to throw its support to a party as such. When Woodrow Wilson was a candidate to succeed himself in 1916, the campaign com- mittee of the federation declared in his favor. But even then, the action {of the Federation was in support of President Wilson as a friend of labor, rather than as a Democrat The announcement made yesterda by the executive council of the | American Federation of Labor frank- {1y declares that the non-partisan po- litical policy “has passed through the | crucible of experience and has proved to be the best plan yet adopted for labor to voice itself politically.” In- | deed, organized minorities beside the | American Federation of Labor have found this to be true to such an ex- tent that the charge is frequently made today that the country really is governed by organized minorities. ‘The American Federation of Labor, | through non-partisan political action, | exerts a powerful influence in both | the old major political partie: control of candidat and { from within is much more effective | than if it stood apart as an organ- ized_political minority. Organized labor in this country so far has turned its face against the establishment of a labor party in politics. Tt has wisely decided that the problem of labor is economic be- { fore it is political, and that it can be | solvéd more readily through non-par- | tisan action, seeking to bring all po- | litical parties to a more friendly at- titude toward labor, and waving the vote of labor as a club over the heads of unfriendly candidates for office. It would be as unwise for organized labor to set up a political party in this country as it would for the capi- tulists to attempt the organization of capatalist party. The American look askance on class divi- |stons. They still have faith in the | United States as the land of oppor. { tunity, where the rich and poor alike { must take their chances, and where the old saying still holds good that it is “only three generations from shirt sleeves to shirt sleeves. — e A commendaple effort is being made to perfect a responsible system of prohibition enforcement before the hootleggers become too well organized on a capitalistic basis. of a as la | | people el PR The most eminent scientists refus to be deprived of their religion, how- ever willing a few of the fundamental. ists may be to sacrifice their science. —r—— Dogs and Dog Days. Police reports show an increase in the number of attacks on persons by dogs. It is seasonal and argues for the exer- cise of a little common sense expressed in terms of caution and kindness. We are in or close upon the time of year called dog days. “Dog days” is the English translation of a classic phrase. The Romans' dog days were about 40, in the hottest part of the year. When Sirjus, the dog star, rose just after the sun, Summer was at its best or worst, and among the ancients it was believed that the rising of that star near the sun was the cause of the heat. In that season more than the usual number of dogs “went mad,” and it was thought that the dog star was to blame. We still speak of dog days, and in August, when the weather is apt to be most sultry, dogs are still said to “go mad.” More attacks by dogs oc- cur in dog days than at other times of the year. It is very likely that dogs do not contract at this time a malady 'THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. that may be called u specific disease | which causes madness, but that they suffer from the heat and from that suffering lose their temper. Some dogs that are normally peaceful have convulsions, and fn those convulsions bite what they can. Stray, homeless | dogs often suffer keenly from thirst. They find it difficult to get water. Thirst is added to their distresses. Many dogs cannot find shady places to rest in. Some of them not only suffer from thirst, but hunger. No doubt some pet dogs, overfed and under- exercised, “go mad"” from the heat. This is a time when persons should be caretul of their dogs and also care- ful about raising the cry “Mad dog! A mad dog may be—no doubt, often —a dog crazed by thirst or hunger. ons who have conscience about dogs will see that they have enough water and cool rest places. Persons who do not know how to treat a dog should not have one. Homeless dogs that have to skirmish in the alleys, back yards and lots and forage in garbage cans to eke out a wretched living ought to be disposed of as gen- tly and mercifully as possible. They, are not responsible for their misfor- tunes. Their distress can often be laid against the inhumanity of man In most cases the cry of “Mad doy drives a suffering dog to greater mad- ness, but few persons care to take a chance with a dog that has lost its dog reason, even from heat, thirst and hunger. A safe plan is to treat one's own dog with intelligent care, to help spread the good doctrine of kindness to animals, and to take no famillarities with dogs you do not know, but to in- sist that no n treated brutally. e England Cuts the Dole. The British House of Commons has just passed an act amending the present unemployment insurance law desizned to prevent unemployment benefit payments being improperly obtained. It empowers the minister of labor to withhold such payments under certain conditions gives him power to inquire iuto the cir- cumstances of applicants with a view of preventing fraud. It that such an act should have com- manded the unanimous support of the Commons. The Labor party, however, strongly opposed the amendment on the ground that it would deprive 70,000 unemployed per- sons of benefits they would otherwise receive. The Laborites voted on a division to reject the bill, which, however, was carried, 263 to 98. At present the British government is under a heavy handicap through the dole system, which was adopted after the war as a means of alleviat- ing distress through unemployment. An enormous sum of money is an- nually expended in this palliation of suffering—a sum that does not repre- sent any constructive advance toward the cure of the economic Many thousands of the beneficiaries of this dole have simply “lain down” on the job of fipding work much acute distress would be felt if the dole were denied, a large pro- portion of the participants are idling. The position of the Labor party opposing this measure is not con- sistent. It should favor a scrutiny of the lists in order that no unworthy person receive aid from the state There is advantage to labor England or elsewhere in receiving unmerited charity. England has urgent needs toward which the doles now given to the 70,000 estimated idlers mizht profitably be applied, for { their ultimate benefit as well as that of the country at large. L The often-repeated claim is made by Clarence Darrow that a man may get the worst of a decision and still have the best of an argument. dog be to an would seem situation in no in S SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Traffic Adjustments. My headlights well arranged must bhe At closing of the day, So that a child with ease I'll see Two hundred yvards away. But while I do as I am bid, ‘When through the streets I roam, I hope folks will adjust the kid To keep him safe at home. More Reform. 1 am in favor of reviving the old dances.” “I'm not,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “We've got enough reforms on use their heads and stomachs with- out endeavoring to instruct them in the way to use their feet.” Perfection. Some day we'll find a shore On an ethereal map ‘Where mashers mash no more And flappers cease to flap. Jud Tunkins says what he wants is an attack on certain lines of scien- tific literature that'll enable him to get his money back from the book agent. Search Rewarded. I've rambled on the mountain side, I've gamboled in the wave, I've searched 'mongst Climates far and wide For one that would behave. And in the patient quest of bliss 1 have discovered that The world's most favored spot is this: The shower bath in my flat. Modern Improvements. “Do you feel that you are a better citizen for being able to vote?" “Certainly,” declared Miss Cay- enne. “For some mysterious reason the ballot for women has made our voters better without conspicuously improving our office holders.” A Few Kind Words. In friendship toward the cop I'm drawn. 4 It fills my heart with glee To heéar him loudly say, “Go On!" Instead of “Come With Me!" “Money,” said Uncle Eben, “is a comfort when it's earned honest, but it ain’ gineter be no solace whatever to de gemman dat interduced loaded dice into our sociable little crap ‘game.” While | hand trying to teach people how to | Y There has long been a belief that you can tell what a man is by his “looks.” That is, that certain mental traits are reflected in his face. 1 wonder if this is true? lvery person is more or less in- terested in this theory, because every one is brought daily in contact with others, and would find it invaluable to be able to “size up” others merely by looking them over. There is a question in my mind— quite a decided one—if the thing can be done as easily as that. Do mental habits make the mouth srow a certain way? Has a man with a mouth like a slit a mean disposition first, and such a mouth as its result, or did his disposition and his mouth grow up together? Certainly no one would m that the straight, narrow mouth is the influencing factor, working from the outside to the inside. In that case, all one would have to do to chang his disposition would be to go to a surgeon Which would be, all in all, quite as silly as the directions in an old French play, in which the miser “leans against post and becomes generous.” The question, therefore, resolves it- of whether the mind, innate disposi tion, or whatever you want to call it, works from the inside out, molding the facial characteristics to its own image. It Is an intriguing theory, and ever person who has arrived at the so- called years of discretion thinks he knows something about it. I speak not here of those who may have studied “courses” in such a “science Almost every one thinks he can “tell what a person 4s like” by looking at him, at least to some exten * ok x % The question really is, can he? Certainly, to a certain extent, he can; but I believe he does it more by “putting two and two” together than by any derivation of mental charac- teristics from external featurd There are certain basic types of men that any one who has been around at all in this world soon comes to know. One is the “kidder." This gentleman neither takes self nor any one else serfously. ity is his bl de m, }ing characteristic comes about not so much by reason of the things the man does and says, as because of certain inner dispositions that make him do what he does and say what he says. uch a person has a certain which one soon comes to recognize. I do not believe it is confined to any one cast of countenance, because some of the “kidders” are sharp featured, some are round of countenance. Neither does the short, dumpy man constitute this species to the exclusion of the tall, thin fellow. These larger points of physiolog) do with the case I instance them merely to show that the “kidder” may be almost any sort of man, as to “looks.” and still be the same chap at heart This species of homo seems to me, gives the to the idea that one can a man is like” by “once over." When it ““joshers” the him- “look,’ sapiens, death “tell giving him what the comes the female feat is twice as impos sible the eternal credit of the ladies 1t ought to be said that plain, everyday “kidding” is not nearly so prevalent among them as among the { men. Cert ts in may young “spoot” in cretonne e each other some 17,000 fewer un laborers in the United than there were a year There are skilled alien States today ago. Under the we admitted in 10 months of the last fiscal year and 44,750 others returned to Europ The new law permits quotas of new immigration law in this country |3 per cent | the quota of the 1910 census as alarm” the rapid depletion of *“‘com mon laborer: and they prophesy that soon we shall have ‘“none but Americans to do the dirty * Perhaps everybody does not Joker in that calamity for cheap men depart, there ma so much “dirty work™ to be done, cording to the opinion of labor e see the need for ‘“common labor” the skilled men_depart Mr. Ethelbert Stewart, of the Department of Labor, asks: row? Where is the hod with which bricks were formerly toted up ladders to the top of a fivestory wall, where bricklayers “did all the work™? Within the last five years there has heen a greater advance in labor-sav ing methods than in any previous vet ‘there has been no important labor-saving machine invented within | that period. The war necessities of rapid_production set men to planning for efficiency, such as had never be- fore been conceived, and such as the rest of the world does not yet imagine | possible. owaw Prior to the World War there was a certain wire factory where the in- gots of iron were piled mountain high by allen laborers—“hunkies.” who carried them upon their shoulders up long, steep inclines. Then, as the re machines needed the stock, other ‘hunkies” climbed up to the peak of the mountain of iron and carried down a shoulderful at a time. These “common laborers” recefved §2.35 a day, and worked 12 hours. When wages for laborers rose in the war to |$4 and $6 a day, the wire factory substituted a great crane magnet, which swung over that mountain and lifted a ton of ingots down to the machines. As it costs many hundreds of dollars a day less to use the crane, the laborers may return to . Europe, where no crane is thought of. That appears to be one way by which Americans can “do the dirty work." * X kX Formerly, in a factory where tin cans were made it required so many wheelbarrows to haul the tin sheets from one machine to the next in the consecutive processes of manufac- ture, that there was hardly floor space for the wheelers of the barrows to pass each other. Now, by a rear- rangement of the machines in con- secutive order, with automatic con- veyors from one process to the next, a sheet of tin enters the first machine and comes out a finished can, after passing automatically from machine to machine, and not one wheelbarrow or “common laborer” is required. One of the great manufactories of automobiles formerly boasted that in the process of making an automobile the raw material traveled 3% miles; now the various steps are so co- ordinated that the material does not travel 50 feet from start to finish. « K Kk K % / In 1850 the blast furnaces produced 25 tons of iron per man in a vear; today the average is 811 tons per man. One of the great steel companies of Pittsburgh recently shut down two of its blast furnaces, because, with self into the very practical one, then, have nothing to| five vears in the history of America, | | heard it function to this day, and so| | it blow | con- | ances, but certainly women have alall we know, a balance wheel within. | BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLIN: 908 common laborers | superseded - | tomatic machines opera 2 |fhen per cent of each nationality already|mhor" in al based upon the 1890 | 'pagye census, while the previous law gave | gelf out With the above figures, | o there are economists who “view with |} | work.” | he | experience o not be | Mr n. | asked omists in the Department of Labor.|Work in producing a one-ounce bottle. Or, rather, because there is a lessened | The answer w un-| When it was tested by statistician | markably | | dressed, ever so correct e more fundamentally serfous view of life than thousands of men, I mean the males that insist on rubbing their whiskers against children's cheeks, and ducking said offspring in the ocean, teasing dogs, playing practical jokes on their equals, and “knocking” their superiors. If you can tell one of these “kid- ders” by looking at him, it is not because he has a certain type of chin, eyes set too close together, but use vou have evolved for your- self a system of group glimpses You see him in toto, and judge him in toto. In the first place, he seldom gives you a chance to ecritically survey his cast of countenance, even if you wanted to, for no sooner does he catch your eye than he outs with some remark which he calls “fun” and you brand “bunk.” Only you don't tell him so, for if you did, he would simply use it as more dis- | agreeable ammunition. # iy * Similarly, in all walks of life, the man who thinks he can read char- acter “at a glance” is, in reality, not only putting “two and two" together, but three and three and four and four. The strange part of it is that no matter what observations he makes, they always add up to the same thing—the character of the man This, of course, if the observer really is a good observer. Experience is a good teacher, in- deed. Even a numbskull, thrown with crooks day after day, finally would acquire an exceptional sense of recognizing a crook when he met one, although the fellow might be , and be in reallty a very handsome man “I don't ltke that fellow, “I don’t know wh like him.” Perhaps more times than not vou are eminently correct in your judgment. The man does not deserve you say. . but I just don't to be liked. But you do not arrive at | this judgment through his cold, fishy eves. You have fine friends with such eves." Your observations took in much more, and mixed them twith a sense of intuition. Only 80 can you really judge others by looking at them. If we attempt to “size up’ by the length of his nose, number of square inches of a man or the cuticle in his brow, we are very apt to make | {T0m serious mistakes, I believe m likely to than not Where such ‘‘character reading falls down is in relation to what we nnot see. The mind is not on display, except asually, as it were, through the face, or even through the those so-called “windows of the The mind of man i vond almost any. Tt has around uch more soul a mystery be many works more than quietly seven. that 1 The m %0 man h no the | yes, | 811 ¢ | it more than seven | veils, and the stars in its crown are | MONDAY, AUGUST 3, T Il 1925. “Stop’” Means Stop, But Make It Plain To the Editor of The Star: Your editorial supporting the di rector of traffic in his efforts to speed trafiic and foster safety is deserving of commendation “Stop means nothing else but,” and this is as it should be. Kvery stop sizn is a silent traffic officer,” doing duty that would entail the employ- ment of many men. May the use of such signs be encouraged and their number increase. But, as with all new ideas, this one can stand improvement. The, present stop signs are painted on the asphalt and are hardly visible at some places because of the heavy traffic discolor- ing them. Another fault is, the sign is visible only to one car at a time, the car nearest to it My suggestion is that an elevated sign, or signal, be adopted. Let each arc light on the far and near corners of the intersecting street be marked with a strip of red glass, extending up and down, and visible on the two sides facing the traffic which is meant to be “stopped.’ That will leave the other two sides, which face the avenues, white, and the traffic thereon will have the right of way. This red glass need only be a strip 3 or 4 Inches wide, extended from the top to the bottom of the globe, and could be easily clamped into place and removed at will Light signals are about the only safe means of guiding traffic at night as signs painted on the asphalt are difficult to see in the dark. Another advantage, and a big one, is—every motorist will know from a distance that he must stop at this particular | corner, and so prepares himself. Under the present system, one who is not familiar with the avenues affected is ‘at sea as to where each crosses other thoroughfares, rear collisions e many and almost unavoidable be- cause of the surprise stop. R. A. IAHAR. - Enforce the Law For Clean Foods To the Editor of The Star: 1 have been deeply interested in an article that recently appeared in The Evening Star telling of the efforts of Dr. Fowler, the health officer, to en- force the sanitary law protecting food stuff from flies, ete. T was really prised when I ived in Washington Dallas, Tex.. and visited the| rious markets and® grocery stores, |to find meats and other foodstuffs ex-| posed to vermin. I couldn’t why the Capital City would tolerate such carelessness. 1 asked the ques tion, “Haven’t you food inspectors in vour city?” but the merchant would le and say, “Yes, and we have the best varlety of food in the country.” I said, “It may be your alibi, but I ow better, for it ean't be the hest after the flies have had their s 3 Really, T became disgusted in buying 100dstuff at all. I find these unsanitary condition xisting mostly in the small neighbor secretly that even those closest to us |hood stores operated by foreigner: do not know what we we choose to tell them A man's face might indicate all crime, and yet his mind might easily overcome all the indications. “It is true,” said Socrates to a c “that T bes ma think, unie: ks of many evil desires, and yet carry here,” he said, tapping his head, “the means whereby I over me them all.” To him who overcometh, the Bible says, great rewards shall be given. We dare not, then, (it seems to me) attempt to judge by outward appear. when the man may have, for change of methods, could be made with the remaining stacks than had been the average prior to the shut-down of the two. In short the thrashing machine the flail and the sewing machine the hand needle, <o the au- d by skilled place of “common li- industries of America unskilled labor finds it- a of employvment in America is forced either to develop skil return to where real efficiency is appreciated X more pig iron take g the ated, and * %R American manager: operate with more cert: of cost accounting rivals in Europe, of i in knowledge than do according Statistician cites the case manufacturer of whom he what was the normal day’s to Stewart bottle given instantly, and a survey 103 oth@r factories, it was found re- exact. He has been un- able to gather any facts in regard to What has become of the wheelbar-| the output of labor in any European country. It is known that tories of the in great shoe United S ates the d: | output per man is more than 10 times that of any factory in England; that an American bricklayer lays more than three times as many bricks in a day as an English bricklayer; that a coal miner in America pro- duces from 3 to 10 tons per day, while the average in England is from 1,700 to 1,825 pounds per day, per man. In Jugoslavia the average is less than half a ton per man per day. In the famous Saar Basin (the greatest coal region in Germany, which the French took over for security), the average output of coal per man in a month varies from 20 to 22 tons—about 700 pounds per day. Throughout France the average is no better, but ranges from 13 to 14 tons per month per man—the equivalent to the work of a day and a half of one real American miner. Japanese miners used to aver- age 0.58 tons per day, but now pro- duce only 0.4 tons. Polish miners have been stimulated by government control and better wages, so that they now average for the year 0.58 tons per day; during July they ran up to 0.65 tons. Compare the world average with that of American miners—trom 3 to 10_tons per day! Nevertheless, as pointed out by Mr. Stewart, American industry still tol- erates methods and management which are wasteful and extravagant. Standardization of production would multiply our output in many lines. In Chicago a machine produces 49,000 bricks per hour. In another plant it takes 18% hours’ labor to produce 1,000 bricks; in another, 3.9 hours. One factory used to haul its product by truck across a marsh to the boat. Now it has a conveyor and a spiral chute on the boat. Four men now do the work in short days, which for- merly required 100 men on a 12-hour- day basis. The same device is rec- ommended for every dock and every factory in America. Farming is manufacturing. Why is it that one farmer in the South can cultivate only 9 or 10 acres, and in Illinols 45.3 acres, and in Iowa 57.6 acres? Georgia has piled up thou- sands of plows and abandoned them, because of shortage of negro farm hands, but it is found that the make of plow which now rouses the wrath of Georgia planters is what was abandoned in Illinois 55 years ago. If all sawmills were standardized upon the basis of the best, 45,000 men could do the work now belng accom- plished by 262,000 men, and the re- leased 207,000 men might engage in other forms of production. “If all. cotton mills of Alabama,” « ' ritic I upon my countenance the man gave me a and | | | | | of alp | { | to ‘“")‘“ { brimsténe” wrath and despair of half he Stewart. | I passed a fruit stand on F street the other afternoon: if I saw one fly I saw one hundred flying ail over ome bananas. I said, “If that man was in Dallas with his fruit stand they would lock him up.” The fruit mean look. Fowler will enforce as outlined, the ington would be I am sure if Dr. the sanitary law, people in W elated. Another should not be overlooked, and should be enforced very rigidly, is the pure food law. MRS. NELLE REESE MARTZ. e = “Pepping Up” the Hymns law that The director of a large New York theater orchestra in a Sunday addre expressed the view that jazz is dying so fast that it will be defunct within a year All from nd neers. That the prediction will be verified within the time limit fixed is open to question But there can be little reason to doubt the wisdom of this suggestion that the church hymns should be “pepped up” by being more or less 1, to maintain the tempo set this hurrying and impatient age. The church hymns are far from be- ing the dirges and dyspeptic wails of the old days. They have been “pepped " from year to vear until most of up! them fairly reflect the cheerin, the which sounds encouraging standpoint of good music dustries | which has been injected into reli take the place of the “fire and a century or more ago. Even those grand sonorous old ymns are interpreted in the spirit of cheerful modernism and they have lost none of their comforting efficacy in the transformation. They do not need “‘pepping up,” for to do so would of [ he to set them to tunes out of keeping | with the solemnity of the great veri- ties they commemorate.—Kansas City Journal, -t The Cure of Pares The anhouncement was made some time ago, that paresis, a violent and hitherto incurable form of insanity, had been cured by artificial inocula- tion of the patient with malaria. The majority physicians and laymen were skeptical. The Long Island Col- lege Hospital through the Associated Press announces the result of further experiments in this line. ¥ pare- sies were treated. Thirty of these have returned and are leading ‘“nor- mal” lives. Others show improve- ment. Some failed entirely to respond to the treatment. These results, if accurately reported, reveal encouraging progress. They do not prove that a cure for paresis is found. They only establish that some patients have been “cured” and some “benefited.” 'That is more than has been. accomplished before.—New Or- leans Item. S, The Fall of Man. From the New York Herald-Tribune. A man respects a good woman, ad- mires the brilliant woman, flatters the beautiful woman and marries the woman who adroitly flatters him. says Mr. Stewart, “were as efficient as those of New York, 10,514 persons, instead of 13,697, would have produced the State's textile output; or, in North Carolina, 38,000, instead of 53,000 or in Georgia, 25,000 instead of 31,000.” A shoemaker in the days of our forefathers spent days in making a pair of boots or shoes; the poorest one in the modern factory makes two pairs per day, but the better mechan- ics turn out a dozen pairs per day of eight hours, Pl 4 Error: In my article published Fri- day, the types made an error in de- scribing the coal miners’ “check-off" as applying only to wages of union miners. The check-off, insisted upon by the unions, demands that opera- tors deduct the amount of dues and fines of the union rules, not merely [from union accounts, but likewise from the wages of non-union em- ployes, the sum to be turned into the treasury of the unions, with which to fight both non-union ‘miners and the operators. This was granted in the “‘compromise” of the Gov. Pinchot settlement of the strike two years lage.—P. V. C. (Copyright, 1925, by Paul V. Collins.) . sur- | imagine | restrained taste on the part of | ANSWERS Q. I have listened to several Gold- | man Band concerts which are broad cast from New York City. “The Star Spangled Banner” was not played in these programs. Isn't it unlawful for | public bands to omit this number?— | D. H. A. { A. The regulations for military bands provide for the playing of | “The Star Spangled Banner,” and | while it is not obligatory for non-| service bands, most leaders follow this | custom through patriotic inclination. | Q. I saw a reference to the great \ Mitsui family of Japan. Who are H H. | y are owners of the mer; | cantile house of that name establish. ed by Takatoshi (1633-1706) in Tokio and have been identified with almost | every large concerr- of {industrial and ‘economic interest in Japan. Q. What is a_dedler moneys called’—F. A. M. A. A dealer in, or manual on, moneys of forelgn countries or bill of exchange is a cambist. A numis- matist is one who studies the science of colns and makes collections of them. Q. When were the east room and the White House porticos finished?— | T in foreign A. The east room was finished in 1826, the south portico in 1823 and the north portico in 1829. Q. How large was the axle of the ferris wheel at the Chicago World's Fair’—E. C. A. It had an axle diameter. 45 feet long, tons. The wheel made one revolution in about 10 minutes. The motive power was a 1.000-horsepower engine Q. How 8aroo?—G. A. M. A. The giant kangaroo, when standing erect, is about as tall as the average man. weighing 70 in| inches big is the largest was John Brown's G. A. The one pronounced by poet, Eugene F. Ware, was, epi- | lost, won.” Q. rivers, —A. Z | A. Canada- has a 1125.755_ square miles. square but los Which has more lakes the United States or ¢ ng. nada” water as miles area, mpa for c with 630 United States. What is the ning j Indian_word “Canajoharie’ A. It is translated “The pot that washes itsel Q. What | country?—K. W { A. The first around the fall River at South in 1793, but the for passengors opened in the 1 Middlesex, around | mouth of the {cost of $700 It was 31 long, 24 feet wide and 4 of e the oldest canal in canal of the Hadley was Connec Falls, Ma general i merchandise States was at the rporated 1804, at a miles et deep ted falls in Q. How long_has Labor been observed?—C. K A. The celebration of Labor was Inaugurated by the Knights Labor with a parade in New York in 1882. The first law making the day a legal holiday was passed in Colorado {in 1887, Q. What are the ingredients of gela- tin?—F. G. A. Gelatin is a_purified dried odorous product of the hydrolysis treatment with boiling water, of tain tissue, skin, ligaments bones, from sound animals, and tains not more than 2 per cent land not less than 15 per cent { nitrogen. { Q. Does it harm a co Lot its bark?—A. B. M A. If it Is done properly, the cor mercial value of the cork improves A cork tree is stripped fe the first time when it is about ) year | This virgin cork is rough and ¢ Successive layers of bark o e e 8 This cork is finer. The stripping must be done carefull; any injury to the delicate inner sk of the tree results in the permaner stoppage of growth of cork at tb spot. | Q. What was the w | gest fish ever caught?—M. K A. The bicgest fish caught on a rod and line was a tuna fish of 710 pounc by L. D. Mitchell at No Scotia Septembe Q. Why is called?—M. F. A. The name Post Office Defici day day by ce: an of k tree to stri ht of the bi Sea so Argasso was originatly “‘Sar- Now that a big deficit in the Post Office Department is in sight, not withstanding increased rates, country is discussing the old que: of whether the postal service sk Le expected to operate at a profit, Congress is getting reminders warning that unpopular rate adv would defeat their own purpose. “The case as it stands,” the York Times argues, illustration of the way in which lesi lation, especially in matters having to do with raising revenue, often con- founds its authors. The simple ex pedient of sitting down and establish- ing increased rates of postage in order to bring in more revenue has thus far proved to be entirely fallacious. “A postal rate that is too high, like an overburdensome tax, lives to mock adds the Yakima Re- ion uld and of nces New public. “The performance, like the squabble over Muscle Shoals,” the St. Louis Post-Dispatch suggest “graphically with_its multitude of members and its diverse interest, to deal compe: tently on the floor with the details of an intricate business proposition. The need of treating the Post Office "Department as a business instead of looking on it as a “political plaything is suggested by the Springfield (Ohio) News. “That increased rates on spe- cific_classes of postal matter, the News, “did not assure increas revenue was evident when the firs few months’ operation was analyzed. The Springfield paper charges unbusi- nesslike methods. The public could easily avoid the new tax “bv not doing the thing on which it was levied,” the Topeka State Journal points ouf, and it adds: “Congress and the commit- tees were duly warned of what would happen. The newspapers were full of such warnings. * * Blame for the situation is placed by the New London Day on public de- mands which lead to extravagance. The Day cites the declaration of the American Farm Bureau Federation for greater economy, and continues: “The farmers in the same breath ask for better rural free delivery service. They want their cake and to eat it, too The framking privilege is pointed to by the Grand Rapids Press: “To one suggestion of the Farm Bureau Federation all classes, rural and u ban, ‘will give enthusiastic approval says the Grand Rapids paper, “and that is the abolition of the present system of charging the post office up with $7,000,000 worth of franking on Government matter. congressional propaganda and the like every year. To this the New Haven Register adds: “It surely is not fair to charge the user of the malls with the expense v Brown of Kansas; he dared begin; hei;“‘ By in-| Argument Over the is an interesting | illustrates the inability of Congress. | ed | TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. from a word meaning, “Sea of Little Grapes.” The reference is to the berry-like bladders of the Sargassum bacciferum, the sea weed that characterized this part of the Atlantic Ocean Q. When and where was the railway in the world built?—A. G. A. The Stockton and Darlington Railway in England was the first pub- lic railway in the world. It was opened for traffic September 27, 1825. George Stephenson’s *‘Locomotive Number 1" was the first steam-driven locomotive introduced to work public traffic. Its speed s 8 miles an hour. Q. Where T quotation, “We t know what we are, but know not what P Ty we & from? A. Sh peare’s “Hamlet,” Act IV, scene Q. What Armstre saco” apd is derived first novel is case tried based on the by Lincoln?— sleston’s “The Gra n Lincoln’s most c brated case Wh H. K A. Corax Greeks to their tled surmd son to dre 1y pr fixed t courts. is the father of oratory? may be in Si property in owing to wholesale confiscation® returning to their country thes necessary t opear in pre appeal to o ity tation ¢ form iven the title. found titles acuse unsy” laims and the the v is this jus larger rk City within has the equivalent Is s very By the wate cold? at the -A. R thoms the water is s within three or four degrees e fre point of fresh water rmth of the surface water ator extends only a few bottom npare 1 An art is covered with What will eradi t poisoning the A. The whe the Q was What ref to bhe- was expected Is ther | low tree”—G A. The wax myrtle is sometimes so called. Candles are made from its berries, as are soap and sealing wax mean? borderland nd applies to a great most of East »vina and East {or march region ir the sou licia 2 (The mone. The I ington |to Jou found out arailable on affecting the |can citizen. Experts |order are devoting the and energy to this great moting the public icelfa What do want to know? What quest an the burcaw ansiwer for you? service is free. Just inclose a stamp to cover the return postage. Address The Evening Star Informa tion Bureau. F: J. Haskin, di- rector, Washington, D. C.) to swernment is spend find out how to do g Star, through its Informat Burecau what the practic daily life ng things Wash- n is jovernment formatio y every subjec of the Ameri- of the highest r entire t work of pr rea you ns t Renews the ‘iscal Policy incurred by the Government in send (ing out a thousand copies of a speech de by a Congressman on some topic |w h can have only result of in: | creasing that Congressman’s vote the | next time he decides to run for office.” ki «ge the Lansing State n les, “time may change i The new rates | have been in effect a comparatively rt time, and it may be that the public will readjust its views as time | goes on, and what seems unduly hizh now may be forg: en after a time. But, in belief of the Fargo Forum “one thing is certain; further increases ates would not be very popular.” “The Post Office Department, con vy to the theory on wh > “last few Postmasters Gen eem to have been operating,” cording to the Charleston, S Post, not intended to be profit-making agency, but a bureau of public service.” ~While the very highest class of service possible is demanded by the San Bernardino Sun, that paper adds: “But should there be the deficit estimated, what of it? The postal de tment means more to the prosperity of the coun try than any other. All the others are an expense. Why should the most needeed important depart- ment of all be the oniy one expected to pay its own way?" “What the Nation wants is an effi clent postal service,” declares the Flint Journal. “It makes little gif ference whether that service is paid for through the stamp window or the tax collector.” To the Charlotte Ob. server “the idea that the Post Office Department must be self-supporting is as absurd as a demand that the De- partment of Justice pay its own way or that the Army turn out a product equal in value to its expenses. * koK % “Good service and respectable and well kept post office quarters will be deemed a fundamental requisite by the average citizen,” according to the Springfield, Mass., Union, which holds that “any pronounced shortcomings in that regard are much more obfec- tionable than a $40,000,000 deficit.” This situation impels the St. Peters burg Times to call attention to the fact that there have been but “few years in which the receipts have ex- ceeded the operating cost, and many years with deficits in excess of that estimated for the current year.” “No intelligence was shown by Congress in designating postal rate increases,” i the opinion of the Buf- falo News. “Under the advanced | charges such matter formerly sent & {mail now is going by express an | freight.”” The Hartford Times ar: other papers also point to the use of, other means of transportation by the newspapers, course. cone situation. ¢