Evening Star Newspaper, June 7, 1925, Page 39

Everyday Not a Talk on Theology, Religion But Upon Life and Right Living. BY RIGHT REV. JAMES E. FREEMAN, D. D, Bishop of Washington. Assets and Liabilities. HE column in the ledger of life that eng our deepest in- terest is that which is marked, “Assets.” We are more prone to consider the value of our material possessions than we are to think of the liabilities that accrue as the result of our neglect of things Epiritus One of the most striking and gra- phic stories told by Christ illustrates the point. It is contained in the twelfth chapter of nt Luke's (GGospel from the sixteenth to the twenty-first verses. In it he describes & certain rich man whose ground yielded such great crops that he found his buildings inadequate to hold them. As a result, he determined to build greater barns there to bestow his fruits and his goods. There w nothing improvident in this course His error in judgment came when with self-congratulation he said to himself, “Thou has Taid up for many yvears thine e: eat, drink and be m His whole conception of life seemed to be the ac quisition and on of things He thought build against future embarrassments or misfortunes by the accumulation of material pos sessions. At this juncture of the story Jesus declared that “God said unto him. Thou fool, this night thy soul shall be required of thee: then whose shall those things be, which thou hast provided?” * ok ok Tlustrations in modern life are not lacking to confirm the story related | On every hand we witness by Christ. the tendency to unduly magnify the value of things. Christ did not in veigh against the legitimate acquisi- tion of worldly possessions. He did condemn the tendency to make them of primary importance. He did main tain that what 2 man gained of world 1y things at the expense of his spiritual well-being in the end @ costly expenditure of energy and toil. There is no consistent reason, in Christ's judgment, why we should not love and seek to acquire the best the world has to give. On the other hand there is every consistent reason why we should not unduly magnify the world's gifts at the expense of the soul. One of the most startling disclo- sures of miscalculated and unbal anced living is witnessed in the daily reports of men and women who, in their prime, break under the strain oved | in the wild and ungoverned search for material possessions. & We recall hearing a distinguished French physician as he left the room of one of our exhausted, and pre- maturely broken American men who had gone to Europe in search of health: “T cannot understand why it is that those Americans will, at such a frightful cost, labor for material possessions only to realize too late that they cannot enjoy what they have gained because of impaired and broken health.” The cultivation of our spiritual needs b distinet bearing, not only upon our health but upon our capacity to enjoy the things we have acquired. Christ attempted to show that “Man shall not live by bread alone.”” He sought to demonstrate the indispen | sableness of the cultivation of the |soul. The indulgence in consistent religious habits, or the practice of «w wholesome religious life guarantees to @ man, not only peace of mind, but ability to enjoy In a legitimate way the best gifts of life. * ok ok % On his seventieth birthday Glad- stone wrote in his diary his three great wishes as follows: “First, that |T may enter into retirement. Second, | that T may be able to divest myself | of everything resembling wealth, and thi at when God calls me, He may call me early.” Tt is little wonder that his great political enemy, Lord Salisbury, said of him, “He was a great Christian.” In the retirement of Hawarden he pursued the quiet even tenor of his way unencumbered by undue consideration of material things. He cultivated his spiritual life and came at length to experience the peace that seth all under- standin No lesson do we need to learn more fully than that which Christ’s parable of the “rich fool” sets forth * ok ok % TLet us do the day’s task and fulfill every obligation and seek for every legitim n, but let us remembe: always that the abiding and satisfying rewards of life are not to be found in the possession of things, but in the consclousness of a life so lived that it is vold of offense toward God and toward men The life that is finely balanced characterized by success is the that places a proper value upon terial things while it recognizes tulfills it obligations to God. (Copyrizght, ) and one ma- and U. S. Business Greatly Aided By Supreme Court Ruling BY HARDEN COLFAX. Out of the twilight zone, between right and wrong there stumbled this week another busines: practice. It emerged on the right side of the line, into the eager and waiting arms of Industry. It came in the form of the Supreme Court decision legalizing the price-gathering activi tles of cement and maple flooring manufacturers, and in its import to American commerce it is e: y the outstanding event of the year. Lawyers all over the United States today are studying the court's deci- sion, and trade associations are cele- brating. It is no longer illegal for a business concern to say “Good morn- ing” to another. Combinations are legal, the court holds, for the purpose of conducting a clearing house of in- formation within an industry. Moot Question No Longer. Those engaged in making a living by producing or selling iron, steel, lumber, coal, oil, cement, manufac tures—presumably anything else— may gather and disseminate facts concerning production of thelr com- modities, prices of recent sales, stocks on hand and kindred information. For vears the Government has frowned on the practice through the Department of Justice and encouraged it through the Department of _Commerce. Whether it violated the Sherman law has been a moot question until this week. It is moot no longer. It is legal. It is almost impossible to overstate the rejoicing in trade assoclation ranks which has followed the handing down of this decision. About 150 en- terprising_trade associations are af- fected. These associations, It seems certain, will renew the practice where it has been abandoned because of its uncertain legal status or continue it with added efficlency where it had been carried on in subdued fashion heretofore. As a result, industry soon will be- gin to take a new survey of its posi- tion. The day of trade statistics, grown to full flower, is at hand. Heretofore, even the vital statistics of many lines of business have been entirely lacking, save for the annual or biennial—and always stale—figures of the Census Bureau. Hereafter the v clear for up-to-the-minute news of any and all industry. The value of this news is beyond calculation to the trades affected. Overproduction in any line now can be measured promptly. Unwieldy stocks on hand can be surveyed within a week. These two trade diseases alone have a fearful mortal- ity record. For the t time the facts can be known. With that diag- nosis. it is but a step to application of the remedy Meaning to Consumer. What does it mean to the consumer? “It means,” says Wilson Compton, secretary and manager of the Na- tional Lumber Manufacturers’ Asso- ciation (one of the two cases decided related to maple flooring) “that the small producer may not be placed at | an arbitrary disadvantage with his larger competitors merely because he, individually, has no facilities for in- forming himself of current conditions. “The public and the consumer are the principal beneficiaries. In the interest of equality of business op- portunity, intelligent competition, avoidance of preventable waste and the maintenance of fair play in in. dustry and commerce, these decisions are of a degree of public importance not excelled in the history of the Sherman law. Self-Control Advised. “The Supreme Court has given American industry the greatest op- portunity, under the law, which it h: yet had to promote stability of oper- ation and continuity of employment and to eliminate the waste always incident to unequal and ignorant com petition. But it is up to business men and trade assoclations to practice self- control and it is to be hoped that the courts and the government will continue alert to contest any abuses.” The court’s decision was handed down by Mr. Justice Stone, who, per- haps more than any other member of the court, was familiar with the prac- tices thus legalized and the questions involved. As Attorney General, Mr. Stone went over the ground many times and thoroughly acquainted him- self with the ..tuation. Policy of U. S. Toward Mexico For Next 4 Years in Balance BY WILLISH ENGLISH WALLING, Authority on Labor and Social Move- ment The American Ambassador to Mex- ico {s due in Washington to consult with President Coolidge and Secretary of Btate Kellogg. At these conferences America’s polic toward Mexico for the next four years will doubtless be determined. Those will be fateful days for Mexico—and perhaps for the Unit- ed States. ‘The presidency of Calles offers an opportunity for an era of good feeling between the two countries that may not recur in a generation. It would be criminal riegligence to let that op- portunity slip. No Mexican ruler has ver been so well disposed toward the ited States, none has ever so com- pletely accepted the main lines of American policy as laid down not only by Secretary Hughes, but by his prede- cessors; none has developed a home policy so largely in accord with Amer- ican ide: Calles is the first Mexican President who has succeeded in building his power largely on popular support— and in using that support to clean out, or, as he says, to moralize, the govern ment. All previous administrations rested mainly on the bureaucracy, the military and the nearly related land- lord class. It was difficult for any government, no matter how “liberal,” to rest on any other foundation since the middle class was and still is too weak to bufld on—not through any deficiency in Mexican training, char- acter or ability, but because nearly all of Mexico’s susiness is in the hands of infinitely wealthier and better equipped foreigners, chiefly Ameri cans. Against such competition the Mexican middle class—outside of gov- ernment employment—has found it difficult to exist, to say nothing of pro- viding sultable foundation for a mod- ern progressive and democratic gov- ernments Mexica is- AR - SROLMQUSLY, | agrarians rich country, but that wealth, except urban and rural real estate—and by no means all of that—does not belong to the Mexicans. Calles had to look elsewhere for his foundation—and found it in the sur- prisingly well organized labor move- ment and the promising beginnings of a moderate agrarian movement. The laborites are now an important part of a federal government, the are successfully governing three states and are a powerful in- fluence in several others. With this support Calles is cutting the army in half, subordinating the generals, dis- missing large numbers of superfiuous government and railway employes and putting government finance on as strong a basis as could be asked for in view of the extremely serious eco- nomic condition of the country—es- pectally serious because of the paraly- sis of the one really Mexican indus- try, agriculture. Millions of dollars’ worth of flour, wheat, corn, butter and eggs were imported by this agri- cultural country last year—a tre- mendous drain and a still worse omen for so poor a nation. Naturally, after finance, Calles' first concern is agri- cultural production and to do all that can be done gradually to build up a nation of small farmers in the place of the old Mexico of 10,000 landlords and 10,000,000 peons, or agricultural serfs. It is hard to believe that Mexico will soon again have so promising a President. It may be doubted if any country in the world today has de- veloped a more broad-minded and con- structive statesman. And the key to Calles’ statesmanship is his recogni- tion of the fact that Mexico must maintain the best possible relations with the United States. America should continue to be genuinely friendly and patient with the Mexican people and we should do everything in our power to strengthen the hand of Calles. Mexico, not Russia, is our THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, JUNE 7, 1925—PART 2. Europe’s Breach of Faith With China Held Responsible for Eastern Outbreak BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. REACH of faith with China on the part of certain European powers is held mainly responsible in Washing- ton for the anti-foreignism which has culminated Shanghal. in the grave events at These events are of far deeper significance than industrial strife in foreign- owned mills and factorles, or hot-headed out- breaks by super-nationalist Chinese students. The Shanghal crisis is in fact the latest, but probably not the last, e: China’s fierce determination herself from dealing. For nearly two years, to foreign oppression losive expression of emancipate and double in accord with our traditional policy, the United States has left no stone unturned to liberate China from the burdensome international yvoke. Specifically, American diplomacy has been ceaselessly at work to help China That ambition achieve her paramount is the abolition of Extraterritoriality is ystem under which foreigners in China are not subject to the jurisdiction of Chinese law courts, but only to tribunals consisting of their own nationa out to the Chines ence in 1 speedy steps to do awi These steps have ay after delay has ensued. derstood to be chiefly structing matters. grown correspondingly intense. Definite hopes were held at the Washington confer- that the powers would take with ex not been taken. France responsible for ob- Chinese resentment has raterritori- De- is un- Aggressive Elements Fired. It is such exhibitfons of bad faith with China by the outside world that have fired the more aggr resi ive elements in that country to t them by every force at their command. The Washington conference adopted a resolu- tlon providing that three powers would send a commission pave the way for abolition of extraterritori- China requested that her own purposes would be served by postponing matters for a ality. vear, and suggested that the should not begin operations until the Autumn suggested. Tak- of 19 No exact date was ing advantage of that (not including the United omission, territoriality. But Europe has gravated and her distrust months later States) dulged in two yvears of procrastination. The United States has exhausted every ef- fort to speed up the consideration of extra- not Meantime China's suspiclons have been ag- of the so-called the JOHN V. A. to China to policy toward them. That policy, this writer is authorized to say, is a policy of “optimism and tolerance.” The Urited States believes that China will eventually, if slowly and with travail, work out her own destines. Her trials and tribula- tions since the establishment of the republic in 1912 are considered in Washington to be nothing abnormal. They are looked upon as the inevitable consequences of superimposing a modern regime upon the ruins of an ancient autocracy which held illiterate millions in po- litical bondage for centuries. Dr. Alfred Sze, the American-educated Chinese Minister at Washington, always likens the struggles of republican China to those of the Young American Republic, which was without a Constitution or a workable Govern- ment system for many vears after the Declar- ation of Independence. Dr. Sze points out, China needs time, too, and much more time than republics with generations of political tradi- tions and experience as a background. Washington Will Be Patient. It is because the United States Government sympathizes with Chinese difficulties, both domestic and external, that Washington is de- termined to be patient with China's efforts to bring order out of chaos. America particu- larly sympathizes with China's demand for riddance of extraterritoriality under proper safeguards for foreign interests. America cer- tainly will not consent to abandonment of the present system, whereby the powers main- tain their own courts of justice in China, until a thoroughly trustworthy Chinese system of J voted frien ustice is instituted. ds of China contend that anything Not even the most de- answering that description now exists, or is even in sight. It is to assist China in working out a dependable judiciary that the Washing- MacMURRAY. ation thus created aff commission agitators in China, b the powers have in- tematically incited Minister, who is abou at Peking, will acquai ment moved. RAPID PROGRESS SHOWN IN SOUTHERN REPUBLICS Latin American Countries Profiting by Emulation of U. S.—Imports and Exports Both Show Big Increases. BY HENRY L. SWEINHART. HE childern’s game in which they clap their hands and shout: “Birds have feathers, geese have feathers, ducks have feathers,” and so on ad nfinitum might be applied to prog- ress in Latin America, so that one could say: “Mexico is progressing, Argentina is progressing, Brazil is progressing, Peru is progressing,” and so on through the list of American republics. This progress is manifest in a num- ber of ways. In the first nlace, com- mercial statistics prove 1t. Jn the next place, interest is being shown in practically all of the countries of South and Central America, Mexico and the West Indles in various proj- ects looking to national improvement. commercial and otherwise. Again, it is reflected in the offices of the Latin American embassies and legations in this city, which have never been more busy than at present, with the collec- tion of data of interest to their respec- tive governments. Just as the United States has served as a model in a political way for most of the 20 other American republics, its Constitution being wide- 1y copied by them, so it is being fol lowed, it can safely be said, in man other directions: in the operation and management of governmental as well as private institutions of many kinds; in educational, social and health lines, and in the development of pub- lic works. This has been accomplished in a multiplicity of ways. It has been brought about through ald extended by the Government in some cases; in others through private and personal contacts. Trade Figures Striking. The purchasing power of a nation is a sign of its economic advance, and the latest available figures show that all _of the leading countries through Latin America bought con- siderably more from the United States during the first 10 months of the present fiscal year than during the corresponding period last vear. In the case of Argentina this was, in round figures, $112,000,000 in 1925 against $89,000,000 in 1924; for Brazil, 000,000 ' against $43,000,000; for $124,000,000 "against $101,- i or Cuba, $174,000,000 against $160,000,000; for Colombia, $27,000,000 against $18,000,000; for Central Amer- ica, $59,000,000 against $48,000,000. and so on through the list. The ex- ports to all South America for the period named in 1925 totaled more than $293,000,000 against $231,000,000 last year. These countries, almost without ex- ception, shipped more to the United States so far this year than they did during the first 10 months of 1924, the total from South America having jumped from $352,000,000 to $426,000,- 000. In the case of Mexico the in- crease was from $125,000,000 to $151,000,000. In addition to the commercial. at- tache who recently joined the staff of the Mexican embassy in Washington to devote his entire time to the de- velopment and improvement of trade relations between the United States and Mexico, the government of the latter country has also appointed an agricultural ~attache. Senor Don Carlos Terrazas has been placed in charge of this office. Broadly his duties will comprise the study and investigation of all matters of an agricultural nature in which his country may be interested and which may help to better farming condi- tions in Mexico. This will include a study of what the United States De- partment of Agriculture is doing in its widespread ramifications to aid crop improvement. In this work Senor Terrazas has been assured of the friendly co-operation of the Agri- cultural Department officials, who have frequently extended similar advice to the representatives of other governments. One phase of his activities to which Senor Terrazas will devote immediate and intensive attention is that of con- trolling the Mediterranean fruit fly so that a market may be found here for Mexican citrus fruits, which have been embargoed from the United States for several years past because of the fruit pest which exists in some sections of Mexico and which, it was feared, might be communicated to fruit groves in this-country,-unless a quarantine were established. A similar embargo was placed on the importa- tion of malaga grapes from Spain be- cause of the fruit fly there. Owing to the difference in the seasons and the fact that many of the fruits grown in Mexico ripen earlier than in this country, it is pointed out that they once the ban is lifted, well in advance of crops ripening here. Mexico is not the only Latin-Ameri- can country which is able to take ad- vantage of this difference in seasons. Argentina and Chile have been doing it to some extent during the past few rears, and doubtless will increase their fresh fruit shipments to the United States as better commercial arrange- ments are made. The Ambassador of Argentina, Dr. Honorio Pueyrredon, has been active in this direction, and it is believed that the results of his efforts will ;make the fruit-growing industry of his country more profita- ble in the future. On his recent visit to Cuba to represent his government at the inauguration of the new Presi- dent of Cuba, Gen. Machado, he dis- cussed with the latter plans for in- creasing the commercial relations be- tween their countries, and it is under- stood that he has sent @ report to his | government on this subject. One of the smaller countries which is planning to take advantage of the earlier crop-maturing season is the Dominican Republic, which hopes within the next year or two to be able to piace early vegetables of various kinds in the New York market. An gricultural expert from the United tates, Prof. John Gilmore of the University of California, has been en- aged by the Dominican government, and will leave here within the next two weeks to study agricultural and rural conditions in the Dominican Re- public and outline a program for de- velopment of the agricultural and live stock industry in the island. Marked progress is being made, it is reported, in the campaign started some months ago by the sugar plant- ers of Cuba to study and help eradi- cate some of the diseases and insect pests which have been injuring the ugar cane and reducing the crop yield. This vear the Cuban crop, it is estimated, will be 5,000,000 tons, the largest on record, but with improved conditions, it #s believed, a still great- er crop can produced. (Copyright, 1925.) Fear of German Dumping great powers materially increased. materfal, not only for domestic anti-foreign Russian bolshevist intriguers who have sys- the Chinese against the other Western nations and Japan. U. 8. Policy to Be Revealed. John V. A. MacMurray, the new American and people with 'WAR ON “SECTIONALISM” PURPOSE OF DEMOCRATS Barrier to Party Harmony Would Be Eliminated by Leaders—Definite Program Is Outlined. The situ- orded ideal propaganda en ut particularly for the equally to recur, t to take up his duties nt the Chinese govern- the United States BY N. 0. MESSENGER. S the dogdays approath and there is a natural slackening of public interest in politics, hope for revival is found in the appearance of the National Democrat, a weekly publication of the Democratic national committee, to be devoted to the affairs of the party. It is edited by Frederick W. Steckman, with Representative Oldfield, present chairman of the Democratic congres- al campaign committee, as chair- an of the advisory board. ceratic politicians hail the advent of this organ with approval. As Demo cratic harmony at the present time seems to be “split both ways from the middle” and shot through with different_opinfons and advice, the gen- eral public, so far as its interest may be concerned with Democratic na- | tional policies, may expect to get some | sidelights on what they appear to be. There is William J. Bryan advocat- ing a coalition of the West and South against the East; there is threatened revival of the sectional issue and of the religious question facing the Dem- ocratic party in the pending presi- dential candidacies, and when Con- gress meets there will surely arise broad questions of attitude ~toward pending and proposed legislation. It is not expected that personal candi- dacies will be discussed by the new paper, however. The National Democrat in its first issue, May 30, presented its platform as follows “For the Nation: Equal rights for all, special privilege to none; reduc- tion of tariff taxes; reduction of in- come taxes; reduction of State, county and municipal taxes: economy without parsimony; honorable peace with all the world; reciprocal trade relations with all nations. “For the party: Harmony; victory in 1926 congressional elections.” It Is quite evident that an attack against “sectionalism™ is to be fea- rured in the victory drive which th National Democrat is to lea and 1928. Such is the k the policy of the leaders. In Trade War Is Minimized BY WILLIS BOOTH, (President International Chamber of Com- ‘merce.) Will Germany be able to market without “dumping” thg surplus prod- ucts she will have to export if she is to make reparations payments? It is contemplated in the Dawes planthat the maximum of annual reparations payments shall not be reached for five years. When they are reached they will amount to 2,500,000, 000 gold marks, or approximately $625,000,000 annually. This amount will largely be represented by excess of production in Germany, and this surplus production will have to be sold throughout the world in order that the gold mark value thereof may be converted into credits abroad in other currencies, which currencies shall be in turn made available to the nations receiving the reparations pay- ments. Must Increase Exports. But Germany, which formerly en- joyed about one-eighth of the export trade of the world, will not have diffi- culty in producing enough to develop the one-eighth for export even if it ware possible, without hindering the beneficiary countries, to get a mar- ket for it. It is a fact that Germany's exports before the war were not suf- ficient in amount to give her export credit balances except by the assist- ance of invisible items. Therefore in order to get an excess credit balance equal in amount to approximately $§625,000,000 per year, Germany must not only export all that she exported prior to the war, but, in addition, she must increase the total of her world's trade by this indicated amount of $625,000,000. We must not forget that Germany's present industrial position is not the same as it was before the war. As a result of the war Germany has lost 10 per cent of her population, between 12 and 13 per cent of her area, 26 per cent of her coal, 75 per cent of her iron, 40 per cent of her blast furnace capacity, 70 per cent of her zinc ore, besides large indus- trial and mineral resources which were part of Upper Silesia. In con- nection with these percentages we must bear in mind that Germany s ngmampgmnm;g;mm‘losgwms&(hubuicmm and physical equipment, which must necessitate large imports and inabil- ity to make certain exports for some time. She also has lost the income of invisible jtems—that is, freight transport, insurance, etc.—which for- merly tended to increase the export side of her account. But greater than all has been the impairment of her facilitied for overseas trade and her good will in foreign markets and the mnecessity that she will have to cut down many barriers which have been put up in the meantime. Especially is this true of the United States and the British dominions. Other Questions Involved. We have to inquire, then, first, into what physical form will the surplus of production over consumption nor- mally take and, second, is this physical form identical with a form which can be taken away con- veniently, or, more simply stated, what kind of goods will make up the surplus and are they the kind of goods which the creditor countries can use without their own impair- ment? It would be useless for Germany to produce a character of goods for which there was not a ready market and which would result in the neces- sity for selling them at less than cost in order to make proper distributior. In such cases, dumping will be quite as disastrous for Germany as it will for the country receiving the goods. This depression of price, or dump- Ing, can only be avoided if the demand for the surplus of German goods, ab- solutely additional to the normal or existing demands, can be stimulated to the point of world absorption, and this is the most serious problem that ‘we have. We call it the problem of transfers, but it is in reality the prob- lem of the world absorption of Ger- man surpluses without the wrecking of the trade of other countries. TR g Official Soaring. From the Chicago News. Secretary Jardine of the Depart- ment of Agriculture is entered for a “broncho busting” contest in South Dakota in July. Engagements of that sort belong properly to the Bureau of Aviation. P8 crists will blow over. persuaded that such crises are bound and probably on a scale of increasing gravity, until the powers bring themselves to zive China a square deal. nce is T Sinacy events at Shanghai, our Far East iuthorities declare, are reminders that it can- 20t be- stemmed. Dem- | ton conference set up the commission on ex- traterritoriality. t no lack of American support for China in the struggle to free herself from obnoxious for- elgn institutions within her own sovereignty. shington is confident that the Shanghai There will continue to be But our Government is The tide of Chinese flowing frresistibly’ and the (Copyright. 1025.) “The invisible but sometimes im- penetrable walls of sectionalism are | the barriers to party harmony that are next to be demolished in the re- cently revived program to win vie- tory for Democratic candidates,” says the new organ of the Democratic “This program, planned by far- unselfish and non-partisan Deracrats, is being built upon con- viction that Jeffersonian ideals and past Democratic achievements are bigger’ and more powerful than the prejudices that have been so skillfully upon during recent political to the undoing of the | played campaigns party." The statement goes on to say that familiar as they are with the types of men and women and with those good citizens who are potential Demo- rats, “all thinking Democrats are confident that the disastrous lessons learned will not be forgotten in the future. Counting all that it has cost, they agree that experience has indeed been a costly but effective teacher. “In the elimination of sectionalism no one presumes to lay hands upon those local loyalties and prerogatives which are fundamentality Demo- cratic.” Certain rights have long been held as basic by Democrats, and because of them the strength of the party has survived. It is sectionalism in it selfish sense that is condemned by those who vet see hope for their party at the polls. Denies Party Is Down and Out. Discarding the suggestion that the Democratic party is down and out, the statement advances the argument that *no arbitrary pronouncement from this camp or that has sealed the doom of the party. No demand that great concessions be made by one group in return for small favors at the hands of another could be ex- pected to meet with compliance. “The accepted way of salvation is pointed out by all who assume any appreciable degree of leadership. Those who have not agreed upon the nature of the curse and its cure auto- matically place themselves beyond the party pale. The statement defines what is meant by “sectionalism.” It says: “In political parlance ‘sectionalism’ may be stretched to cover those differences in thought and attitude that come through differences in religion, racial stock and residential location, as well as in shade of political belief.”” Going on to elaborate this idea, the state- ment says: “The Southern Democrat, with his many heritages; the West- erner, with his progressive ideals; the astern Democrat, with an Irish plan for politics; the Northerner, with well founded mistrust of capitalism, may and does have a penchant peculiar unto_himself, but fundamentally he is a disciple of Jefferson, and so when vicious sectionalism is eliminated must be loyal to his party creed.” Program Is Provided. The program for the elimination of sectionalism is provided. It is to be undertaken in many directions. The first step is the formulation of a plat- form of basic Democracy. Its planks are those upon which every Democrat can agree and stand firm. It is con- tended that the party is confronted with the necessity for agreement upon those that have lent themselves to controversy in the past. The next two years give time for friendly de- bate, public discussions and jour- nalistic consideration of the mooted planks. A warning is given against the in- trusion ®f self-seekers after personal victory. “Once a working plan is adopted,” it is sald, “there remains only pointing out to the individuals the merit and superiority of Demo- cratic principles. ~With this convic- tion thoroughly inculcated, the self- seekers who have used sectional feel- ing in thelr vain efforts to gain per- sonal victory will get short shrift at the hands of the party and a national victory will be assured.” Republican national leaders are watching the appearance of the new Democratic medium of publicity with interest as marking the inception of a militant and aggressive spirit in the Democratic party. Later on, the Re- publican organization may counter with some move, but at present is con- fining its publicity service to com- munications to the Republican coun- try press and occasional statements from national headquarters. ‘Water Begins to Pall. From the New York Tribune. The bootleggers are diluting whisky to such an extent that many of their customers complain that they now have to drink more water than Is good for them. * Story Week Has Told Comprehensive Survey of Latest Events in United States and Abroad. HE following is a brief sum- mary of the most important news of the world for the seven days ended June 6: * Kk ok K China.—The phase through which China {8 passing—has been passing during the past 15 years—is one of the most important episodes of his- tory. 1 make no apology for the length of space devoted to the follow- ing detail of that episode. At Tsing Tau, Chinese strikers for- merly employed in certain Japanese cotton mills seized the mills. The Japanese government, in consequence, ordered two destroyers to Tsing Tau, at the same time wiring to Peking the hope that the Chinese govern- ment would by the proper action make it unnecessary to land Japanese ma- rines. The Chinese authorities acted on the hint. On May 30 Chinese po- lice, in course of clearing a mill of strikers, killed three of them and wounded a score or more others, On the same day Sikh police fired on a mob led by Chinese students, who attempted to storm a police sta. tion in the international settlement of Shanghai by way of protest against the decision of a “mixed court” un- favorable to Chinese strikers for- merly employed in Japanese cotton mills and charged with violence against Japanese property. Thereafter until the 5th there was a state of turmoil in the interna- tional settlement; mobs incited b the extremists of “young China (those who have received a wester type education of sorts), rioting and the Sikh police and the volunteer corps of foreign residents (famous for valiant service since the Tai Ping days), suppressing in blood the more violent demonstrators. To include the 3d, the Chinese casualties were 21 killed 'and 60 wounded; the foreign casualties, one woman killed by & flying brick, two or three other per- sons slightly hurt. Several hundred foreign marines and sailors (British, American and Itallans), were landed and statfoned to protect the water | and lighting plants and other public services; it does not appear that they had occasion to use or used their arms. The tub-thumping orators of | voung China tried to create a general strike and intercepted food supplies; | the hottest spirits were for expulsion of all foreigners (perhaps excepting | the Russians, their brothers in Len- | in. Reports, however, indicate that | only a small minority of the proletar- iat’ showed either wish or stomach for such a business, and that the con- siderable spread of the strike was due rather to terror than inclination. We hear that on the 5th the turmoil had subsided, only slight disturbances be- ing reported. The situation is, indeed, a curious one. Shanghai comprises an interna- tional settlement and a French settle- ment, each exclusively ruled by the foreign residents thereof: and the Chinese city and the suburbs of the foreign settlements under Chir rule. Of these divisions the interna tional settlement is the most populous and far the most important: it was the scene of most of the rioting. Its municipal constitution dates from 1863, when the British and American settleme! were amalgamated. It is now quite cosmopolitan, the British and Americans having admitted all other foreigners to equal rights. The suffrage, however, is on a high rate paving basis, so that as British wealth predominates British influence is pre- dominant in the municipal govern- ment. The foreign settlements were origi- nally intended for the residence of foreign merchants only. but Chinese were not excluded, with the result that foreigners are in a small miror- ity. In 1919, the population of ail Shanghai being something over a mil- Iton, the native population of the in- ternational settlement was 6 foreign population about observe that the Chinese have no say in the municipal administrz and that they were taxed on the same foot- ing as foreigners by a small body of foreigners. Those Chinese agitators who do not go so far as to demand the expulsion of all forelgners, demand that at least the Chinese residents be admitted to participate in the local ad- ministration on an equal footing with foreigners; further demanding aboli- tion of all extra territorial privileges. The latter demand is immensely forti- fied by the fact that Russia and Ger- many have renounced extra territorial privileges. At first blush the former demand might appear morally undeniable, but look at the other side of the picture. Most of the Chinese in the interna- tional settlement went there to enjov security of person and property and escape from arbitrary taxation. The settlement has been a sanctuary of political refugees of all categorie: cluding Young China. It is a plea refuge for retired squeeze masters and the headquarters of the Kuo Min Tang (Radical) party, where these vi- vacious gentlemen hatch their plots at leisure and with impunity and whence they launch vituperation and propaganda against the Peking gov- ernment. The Kuo Ming Tang party has always been violently anti-foreign (not merely anti-Japanese). They now tainted with bolshevism. Moscow has devised an ingenious special tech- nique for the Chinese field. She has insinuated the gospel of repudiation, she has further the feeling against the Western powers, she has infused a richer carmine into the political philosophy of the Chinese Radicals: she has cleverly capitalized the fer- ment. In their blind anti-foreign hatred (fomented by bolshevist propa- ganda) the Shanghai Radicals would destroy the sanctuary to which they have been so much beholden and whereof they may know great need in the future. The reader is reminded in this con- nection that through the defeat last vear of Wu Pei Fu, the liberal move- ment, which_drew to itself the better elements of Young China, is in eclipse and the importance of the extremist (Kuo Min Tang) element has been much enhanced. No doubt many of the better sort of Young China have in despair thrown in their lot with the Kuo Min Tang gentry. The whole world is asking, What is the full significance of the Shanghai business? Does it import a national wave of anti-foreign feeling, or is it only that the Radicals have cleverly capitalized a local industrial dispute? Canton, one hears, is all “het up.” But Canton is always “het up.” The students at Chang Sha have rioted; but Chang Sha students riot on any provocation or none. The Peking students have peacefully struck, de. claring that the government is not acting with sufficient firmness. The Peking government has formally pro- tested to the powers against the use of firearms against the rioters. That may mean much or little; perhaps only a temporizing gesture. Theoretically bolshevism (the right Lenin article) should fall flat in China. The Chinese have -imme- morially resisted attempts to re- strict individual freedom or private trade; they are devoted to the prin- ciple of private ownership. But bolshevism a la Karakhan, especially adapted for the celestial market, might do no end of harm. But suppose a terrific wave of anti- foreign feeling to be the true import and the Shanghai row but a be ginning. On this supposition the question is being widely asked, What fwill Japan do? 1 note only in this |our scheme of { price thereof seeu BY HENRY W. BUNN connection that Japan acted very gently in the Tsing Tau business and seems to have held almost completely aloof from the Shanghai business. The true interpretation is what it may be. The general howdy-do has ob scured the local industrial dispute On this may only be sald the Chinese industrialism has taken over the ugliest features of Western indus. trialism, and then some. The subject is soused with horrors, present and prospective. Perhaps the Shanghai episode will lead to some alleviation of those horrors; perhaps it won't Chang Tso Lin, Super Tuchun of Manchuria, arrying on a bitter controversy with the Russian govern- ment over the management of the Chinese Eastern Rail It is pre sumed that Chang the moral backing of Japan * ok ok ox United States of America.—Thomas Riley Marshall, Vice President of the United States during the eight years of Woodrow Wilson's presidency and one time Governor of Indiana, died suddenly on June 1, at the age of 71 Charles B author of the immortal The Sidewalks of New York,” is dead. Any New Yorker who does not_thrill to “The Side- walks of New York" is fit for treasor stratagems and spoils I noted last week that im rubber into the United States 1924 was valued that the same quantity at the present price would cost £400,000,000. Con- sidering the importance of rubber in th and that the destined to rise still further, it is not surprising that the country should be perturbed over this situation. There seems to be eneral disposition among us to “cuss out” the British colonial office, in that the latter (the British planters co- operating) has effected a reduction on export from British plantations in the East Indies. One answer to that is that people who live in glass houses should not throw stones Another is that, if such a policy is ever justified, the policy of restric tion in this nstance was certainly justified at its inception by market conditions, whatever may be said of its continuance today. And a third that the restriction is not the malr se of the soar in price. ‘The main ause is the increase of consumption in the United States due to the intro- duction of the balloon tire bout four-fifths of the world's rub ber supply comes from British or Brit ish controlled plantations. Of that supply we take about three. | fourths, and almost four-fifths of w we take goes into tires. Only cent of the world’s supply com South America, where only ber tree is indigenous. | Some of us who are perforce pedes | trains are mean enough to do a little chuckling of d $185,000,000 and per from e e The Moroccan War.—On Fri Abd-el-Krim attacked vigorously at | several points ng the Wergha River, attempting to get across. He was beaten back and badly punished I failed to notice last week a_curi ous detail. The Socialists exacted pay ment for their support of the Painleve ‘;u\'ermnem on the issue of the {Moroccan war in the form of agree ment by the government to dispatch of a preliminary commission to Moroc co, empowered apparently to poke their noses everywhere, pester all sun dry with their inquiries, and send Parliament their findings and recom mendations. The arrangement is said to be very easing to Marsha Lyautey. A leaf, one might say a discredited chapter of the fir public. Ex the allied note erman r has_been eted and dispatched to Berlin tes the German sins of omission ymmission in respect of the dis armament clauses of the Versaflles treaty, sets forth the measures ‘“‘indi cated” by w of correction and re demption, and declares that whe: these measures have been consum mated the allies will evacuate the Cologne area. It states that Germany |has fulfilled her reparations obliga tions to date under the Dawes plan The chief German sins are as fo! lows: Re-establishment of the genera! staff, camouflaged military training of considerable numbers in addition t the authorized Reischwehr force of 100,000; po: ion of material of war not allowed by the treaty, incomplete transformation of munitions plants to innocent use of peace and militariza tion of the state police R Miscellaneous.—The report of the American Clamber of Commerce in London for April shows an alarming slump in British overseas trade dur ing that month: imports less in value than those of March by 2,500,000 pounds, exports less by 00,000 pounds, re-exports less by 300,000 pounds. One hundred and thirty-nine thou sand three hundred and seventy-five British miners are idle. There is fear of serious trouble when the miners wage agreement expires this month Report persists that M. Calllaux proposes to revalorize the franc in the not distant future, probably at one-fourth {its present value. The French holders of French gov ernment securities are not, there fore, displaying any excess of joy On 'Friday the paper franc was quoted on New York market at 4.65 Camille Flammarion, the distinguish ed stronomer and investigator of psychic phenomena, is dead at the age of 83. He is perhaps the most pop tular of writers on scientific subjects The Italian Chamber approved, 261 to 4, the commercial treaty be | tween Italy and Russia A new insurrectionary movement in southern Albania is reported. The negotiations between Greece and the kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes looking to renewal of their treaty of alliance have. been broken off. This is important Germany.—. ! German Pastors Win Right to Hit Alcohol German courts have upheld rights of a minister to preach against the excessive of alcohol, and thereby have established a precedent for Germany. At the funeral of one Domroese, a saloonkeeper of Span- dau, the Lutheran pastor, Lindemeyer of Staaken, preached a against the poison of alcohol. persons In the assembly followed the same business as had the dead man, and the sermon awoke protests which nearly led to blows. The other saloon- keepers swore that the deceased had died of blood poisoning, with which alcohol had nothing to do, and that he had drunk “no more than is re- quired in his profession.” Later, the periodical of the hotel- keepers published a sharp criticism ot Pastor Lindemeyer, accusing him of “shamelessness before the dead.” The offended pastor brought suit for libel and the court, deciding that the pastor had spoken not to effend but to improve, fined the muthor of the criticism. the use sermon Many