Evening Star Newspaper, May 6, 1925, Page 6

6 THE With' Sunday Morning Edition. ' WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY......May 6, 1825 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Businges Office: _ 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. sw York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Tower Bullding. European Offic: 16 Regent St., London, Enslend. e Eveninz Star. with the Sunday morn ing edition. i delivered by carriers within 1he city at' 60 cents per month: daily only, 45 cents per month: Sunday only, 20 cents per month. - Orders may be tent by mail or telephone Main 5000. Collection is made by «acrier at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virgis Daily and Sunday....] yr. §8.40 Daily only .....0 [l [1¥r. $8.00 Sunday only s All Other States. Dails and Sunday...1 vr.$10.00 Daily om0 Yrs P37 00 Suniay only . 15w $3.00 mo.. 85¢ mo.. il Member of the Associated Press. The Associatad Press is exclusively entitled he use for republication of a Patches credited to it or not of! fted in this paper s0 the local news Dpublished herein ights of publication o2 pecial dispatehes herein are ali0 reserved —neda - L Pilots of the are become pilots of the air. Another testimonial to the importance of aviation to the national defense is contained in the order signed by Secretary Wilbur of the Navy Department establishing a fying curriculum at the United States Naval Academy. Under the new plan every graduate of the 1 Academy will be a qualified aviation pilot observer, or both. The order of the Secretary is likely to have farreachins effect. It con templates changes in nuval defense as drastic as those which followed the Jintroduction of steam, of the iron armored vessel, of the submarine— verhaps more drastic than any or all of these. Much has been claimed by the proponents of aviation regarding its effectiveness for both defense and attack. Efforts have been made to bring about the creation of an entirely new separate service—the Air Service apart from both the Army and the Navy, though to work in conjunc with either both in time of This - proposal has been strongly by Army and leaders, on the ground that if prevent that command so vital in the successful conduct of mili and naval operations. There have evidences that the Navy Department intends to sive more and more emphasis to fly ing. The new order of the Secretary offers the final proof that this is true. With all the cluss sraduating irom the Naval instructed not only in the theory of aviation and its use in war, but also in the practical side of fiying, the United States Navy becomes a sirong first i de- than it has t sea to av or on or war opposed Navy 0 both i unity of been tely Academy fense even past. The unity of com dernanded wilitary sarily must it been nd so ferven and so the neces correctly—by the count made leaders « be move and perfect through the pian proposed Ly Secretary Wilbur i will add a trained coniplete Furthecmor the vommissioned Navy as the at the Naval wore and more diLICTILAS New inven tions have been adopted for vf the Navy. It is aanounc aviation 18 to become a muor of study at the acade cal and will be given the midshipmen in three wonths additional tune at the Naval Academy, the graduating ciass being ersounel of veu Academy by has L the subject The prac intensive course m aviauon retained there ior that purpose. The agitauon in lavor oL greater de velopment in the aw forces of United States in recent monuis nas i creased the interest in that arm of the Thai ation, it fruit. the serv bearin agil seems, is e 1t wattic rapidly cleared up there is surely hope the confusion can be that Mr. Dawes will succeed in avert- | ing serfous collisions and long delays iu the United States Senate. = r——— it may be that Germany Hindenburg not much because of his political ideas as because of his well tested nerve and determination. so - e Prof. Langley was famous for his dislike of newspaper publicity, but he has not gotten away from it this da ] Study and Travel. Taking young men to sea to com bine study and travel is not a . but a floating college in which classes will carry on college work while cruising the world a modern extension of the idea. A large Ameri- university announces that a float- college which will combine a new des can ing ves world will sail from an American port o stecamship will be campus, dormi- torles, classrooms and laboratories for 240 days, during which five continents | and 50 foreign ports will be visited. The plan is interesting. Whether travel and its thrills will combine with serious study is a question. There a theory that sume colleges sometimes cquire that kind of mental effort alled work, while traveling in for: eign countries seems like vacation. Most landsmen find it hard to study routine baok lessons while ranging the seas and taking in the sights of Eu- rope, Asia and Africa. Many Ameri- cans go on shipboard with intellectual intentions and a grip full of books, but the novelty of the sea, catching sight of whales, shark, flying fish and strange ships that come out of the horizon and disappear, often cause en- thusiastic learndrs to drop their books. A man trying to saturate himself with a dull and important chapter will close the book when his steward says,”“‘A waterspout is forming off the star- Dboard bow,” or “the coast of Guinea is in sight,” or “a land bird exhausted with flight is resting on the antenna,” or “a flock of gulls is following us waiting for food to be thrown over,” or “Mr. Jackson won the ship's pool today and is settin’ ‘em up in the smoking room,” or “the shuffle-board tourney is about to begin,” or “there EVENING STAR | numbers on tou elected | even to| s study with & trip around the | | the on the promenade deck from 2 to 4, or “the wireless operator has a weather message that a gale's ahead.” It is enough to pry one loose from his classic book when he hears that “affer the captain’s dinner tonight there will be a masked ball, with prizes for the best, worst and smallest cos- tumes.” How can a man keep his mind on what Caesar did to the Gauis when news spreads through the ship that Miss Smith has won first prize in the bridge tournament? How can a man stick to Cicero when Jim Jones butts into his stateroom and “Most wonderful sea I've ever seen | since I left Four Corners—come on | 'deck at once”? How can a fellow con- tinue in the company of Nepos when the band strikes up “Katherina” or “Tea for Two" and he knows that the steward is spreading cornmeal on the | deck? Studies will probably be interruptei on reaching port. The port doctor and the customs officer will take up some of the students’ time. Going ashore will break the scholastic routine of the The church which dates from the the conquest or the dis of America must be explored and several strings of beads and other s things must be bought. When adent gets back from his shore day. crusades, covery us the incapacitated for study. It may be that travel and study can be combined, but there will be some inter- uptions | ocean | ——— x Epidemic Here. The District Commissioners have 1 a proclamation declaring that conditions in the District at this time do not justify any person in remaining out of the District by reason of the prevalence of smallpox here. That dis epidemic in Washington, though it is unusually prevalent. Gen- . ation has been urged as ad sable as a precaution against the further spread of the disease, and the residents of the Capital are following this official advice. Reports that ,this disease has as sumeq an epidemic character in the No Smallpo: ease is not al vac a result of the occurrence of a larger number of cases than has been known !here for a long period. with an un- { usual of deaths. But at no time has the disease approached epi- { demic form, and it is now well under i Centers of located and number | control prompt | the a contagion the spread ng checked | tion will soon put the comm of danger of any alarming increa indeed, will probabi altogether. It is unf are of ease is b unate that a disposition | prev to { | | iils promote the wts this character, caleulated to be seriously currency of | re; ot are rious t well as te cause in disappointment Washing! well filled with in ommunity and planning to visit it. 2 | an | conve nience to thos: o has been except | vis | t onally tors this Spring, coming great sa of . attendi | known from ted in is to be hoped th: g none of thes meetings. So far as o peaple of has suf- form disease con this city It mers’ Commis- | at rest be felt, not on ating will set al persons shington, ¥ | any by e this city for anxiety se which, affecting a very small percentage of the population, in hand and is being steadily 1o a finish conten visits of is no o T the score of themselves. ve casion di on a well is fought Fre ———— Prix de Rome, to was est stud warded to a music composition by a California man. The incident out old assertion speaks all languages. promote Lialian a Dbedrs the that music O ————— ! no doubt important economy effected for the world in ge eral by England’s decision to pay debts and adopt the gold standard without an argumentative waste of time here is an | i | = et - The Prince of Wales is a great social in South Africa. He probably learned a large number of new and clever stories while on Broadway. { hit ———— Among the difficult guestions now to be decided is when to leave off the sat and put on the straw hat. e Hylan's Hat in the Ring. Mayor Hylan of New York City is sometimes charged by his critics with proneness to the use of specious pleas and arrogating to himself all the political virtues in his support of “the people” as against the “inter- But even his keenest oppo- nent cannot deny that he possesses the element of courage in his fight for renomination by the Democratic | organization and Tammany Hall in ilhe mayoralty campaign which he has | over | | | | | entered upon. The public is by this time well acquainted with his deter-| mination to run for thé mayoraity, even if it becomes necessary to make the race independent of the support of the organization. The mayor made another bold move | | vesterday, defying his opponents and reiterating his intention to stand pat | lon his candidacy, with or without | assistance of the professional politicians in his party. and to go | direct to the people. Appearing at| a hearing by the Board of Estimate | on the Staten Island tunnel bill, | | while not mentioning Gov. Smith by | |name, he practically resisted the gov- | ernor’s efforts to force through the board a plan which would restrict the whole Staten Island tunnel to | strictly passenger traffic, according |to the act amended by the Legis- |lature. The result of the hearing |was adoption by the board of a| ! resolution to build a tunnel which | | would accommodate freight as well |as passenger traffic if in the future {it should be decided to adopt the original Hylan plan.™ It was in the course of this hearing that the approaching mayoralty cam- paign was touched upon. The mayor spoke with grgat earnestness and de- fled all his political enemies. He did | not say he expected to receive the Tammany nomination, but he made it cleir that whether he got it or not, his hat was “in, the ring.” He declared that his opponents, who had savs, | trip he may be too tired or otherwise | District have lately been circulated as | Vaccina- | nity out .| Garden during the 35 years of its ex’ stop the .~|mud[ 1 for the purpose | to| | same way bootleg licker compares to THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 6, 1925. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. preme bench of New York State, will be disappointed if they are counting upon thus sidetracking him. Like- wise, he gave assurance that his health s excellent'and that his en- emies need not expect his retirement upon that score. The mayor again emphasized his charges that the traction interests are seeking to get control of the city administration for their ulterior pur- poses, inimical to the public, and that he is a declared and the sole cham- | pion of the plain people against this nefarious plot. Mayor Hylan is noth- ing If not a fighter for his own hand. —— . The End of the “Garden.” It was appropriate that the last event to be held in Madison Square Garden, in New York, before the wreckers took charge should have been a boxing bout, for in the main the “Garden” has been the chief sport- ing arena of this country for a third of a century. This occurred last night, when a great crowd assembled for a farewell show in the great hall that has been the scene of some of the most interesting events of this count | cent histor: Madison Square Garden has become a national institution. Opened in 1890, it has housed all sorts of gatherings and been the scene of every variety of sporting event. It was opened with Strauss’ Vienna Orchestra and a Pallet. Then came great shows, exhi- bitions, pugllistic encounters, the cir- | cus, political meetings. There were | horse shows, motor shows, cat shows, There were flower, food, motor boat, fruft and business shows There were six-day bic s, cake balls, religious revivals. and Communists assembled William Jennings Bryan spoke there on his return from abroad with | nis “new idea” for Government own ership. 1ts roof was the scene of one of the country’s most sensational crimes. It wpuld in truth have been more appropriate had the Garden closed with the Democratic national conven- | tion last July. For that was virtually | the climax of its career. Nothing like it had ever happened before in this countr It was a record-breaki and, some think, a party-breakin meeting as well. Be that as it may the Garden reached its pinnacle of ! fame in the housing of the American | Democracy in its most protracted as semblage in history A full record 'S re- dog shows, yele ra walks, So.| alists there a | of Madison Square istence would be an epitome of Ameri { can activity in that more than a third | of a centu religion, amusement, tion, philanthropy have nstrated within its walls and the remain of this remarkable place of as semblage, show, competition and en terprise will be the shining siitue of Diana, which is now being lowered to be later York as a souvenir of one of the bi city’s institutions of the past. Sclence, politics, sport fashion, inven 1l been dem Now it that will is to go. only relic placed where in ——— There was an unruly Eugene Debs speak at Madi by mob on i to hear son Square Garden. { the national Democratic The pace set convention characteristic of this fam still of place of semblage. SR, There is no peace conference that between 1 even remotely in prospect will reach hostilities he Goverr jats and the the ment rur 1 ners. - r——— In a few decades the congest traffic will no doubt there will not be omnibuses, let alone private vehi at that :nough space to park be so gr ——— - Arrangements to bombard the fleet off the Atlantic coast bring up the question of militarism in connection with that of prohibition enforcement. St R to be in doubt whether to terrorize the outside world or establish orderly business relation- ships with it. rum | 1 { | sia continues e —e— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILA | | | DER JOHNSON. Inadequate Facilities. This earth goes rushing through the sky At a terrific rate. Our Sun and others speed on high In swift but splendid state. To comprehend I strive in vain. I'm tempted to remark This Universe does not contain A proper place to park! Neckwear. “Do you sympathize with the white- collar man “T don’t pay much attention to the white collar,” answered Senator Sor- ghum; “but since some Socialists paraded out home I'm strongly op- posed to the red mecktie.” Motor . Police. The traffic cop who bids you stop Should cause no mood for strife. He is a friend who, in the end, May help to save your life. Jud Tunkins says flattery compares to honest compliment in about the go0d wine. { Formalities Cease. “Do you insist on being introduced to a man before conversing with him?” T used to,” answered Miss Cayenne. “But it's impractical now, if the man happens to be a traffic officer.” The Strongest Appeal. I read with delight of performances bright. In some entertainments I know, There's most to enjoy in the type they employ . And the press agent's giving the show. . “A man dat never changes his mind,” said Uncle Eben, “may be de best kind of & lawyer, but he’s liable | to slow down de jury.” ———re—. “What we mean by sometimes economy was exemplified by the Goshen, Ind., man who slept in his automobile to save expenses and was will be horse recing and bookmaking 'suggested his elevation to the Su-'robped of §12,300.—Dayton Daily News. ! green is 2 more beautiful square than | them—ought to be cut at this time, if | one | with | cial | namely. on the oc The early mower gets the good lawn. Those interested in securing fine sward this Summer already have be- gun operations, while those ‘who have not got out the old mower as yet are thinking seriously of doing it. There is no time like the present! Seize upon the bright, sunshiny day between showers, and limber up the old grass cutter that has been repos ing quietly in one corner of the base- ment Your city to you to get the lawn under way. Washington hasmore green overhead, perhaps, than it has underfoot. Hundreds of lawns are sparse and bare, others cquld be im- proved much. Parking spaces between sidewalk, in many blocks throughout the city, are nothing morg than bare dirt. A little grass seed,‘even of the cheapest kind, sown there, would help heautify the entire National Capital. In this matter, each householder has just one way of beautifying the city—he can do his best to “pep up” his own lawn, and that strip of ground between sidewalk and curb. As to the latter, perhaps the Di trict government officially does say that you can plant nothing in it, but I am sure no official will protest a little grass seed. It you carelessly al- low some seed to drop out of your hand, and it just happens to grow, why Any block in which these strips are eri curb and one in which only dirt shows. The large number of automobilists may use much of this bareness, but the primary reason is lack of grass seed. A e ) ke As for the Jawns, every one of them ~tront, buack, and side yard, if you re fortunate enough to have two of vou have not already attended to the matte To allow the grass to grow too long not only makes the initial mowing something of a task, but also permits the grass to get vellow 0 that when you do finally cut it, your lawn pre- sents a brown appearance. Prompt cutting as early in the Spring will prevent coloration, and insure the sible growth of new grass. Above I, never get discouraged about grass. It has an amazing wi of picking up almost overnight, pecially after a heavy rain, so that no need be discouraged about his s possible this dis best pos lawn Just recall how poor it looked last vear, and how well it came out, so that by July you had as fine a sward as any one along the block, if not just little bit better. A lawn is like a child, if you coddle too much, and worry over it too nuch, it is likely not to turn out o0 if you gave it more freedom. 1ss resents petting, much a healthy boy does. In the matter of boys, when one thinks what they have o through, what they hear and what they have to overcome, an elder often shadde; the thousht Yet his common sense tells him tha he, 100, went sugh exactly the ne sort of thing, and that he has to | admit even to himself that he has turned out pretty well, after all | So the small by in the great ma jority of cases, will come out all right | in the end. That is the hope of Amer ica Most of them will manage to shake off the smut and dirt, and fling a clean face to the sunshine of life. | And so it is with our lawns. Down in the bare spots there is an intelli gence work that able to the ceaseless tian 1 yacuum cleaner boys and oth aply will not “walk WASHINGTO it | s eft is cope post nts, huck persons who | ound” on the | n ste: si n, |ing out the w perfectly good walks provided for them. * kK K However hopeless the lawn may ap- pear, never forget that grass has a marvelous knack of spreading. Give it plenty of water—it is a huge drink- er—some sunshine and warmth, in a little while it will spread over its bare patches, and’present the carpet of green you long for. What is prettier about a garden than the lawn Grass is the basis of any garden. Pretty flowers have a sad task before them in trying to beautify a yard without the assistunce of plenty of thick, dark green grass. 1 know one back yard that has noth- ing but grass—and it is a_pretty back yard, too. The householder paid $15 for a load of sod, and got his money’s worth many times over. This yard is a true green, not the sickly, light color of some new grass secured with a poor mixture of vari- ous grass seeds. If there is never a flower planted in this yard, it still will be a credit to the community. In our nejghborhood there are three front lawns side by side. Last fall one householder spent hours digging up the so-called fox grass. Then he planted seed, and by cold weather had what seemed to be a fine lawn again. The man next door believed in let- ting his lawn use its own intelligence. The third man did not have much time to put on his, and so allowed it even more command of itself. This Spring the first man that the lawn which had received the least attention looked the best, the next one, next best, and his came in third. This is a lesson in not pawing at a grass plot too much. While adequate mowing and watering are necessary, with re-seeding when demanded, in the main the grass does better as a simple child of nature. FTE ok Don’t be finicky about your grass. A few weeds won't hurt it. To hear some householders talk, a bright dan. delion is a veritable monster. As for the necessary, humble buttercup, it is a pest, according to them. As for me, I like the buttercups, and welcome the dandelions. The for- mer has such a glowing, soft face, it is like the smile of your best girl. As for the dandelion, no one who remem- bers with pleasure the of his vouth can but help have a’soft spot in his heart for this flower. Did we not treasure its first blooms and later blow away its down upon the spent air of our childhood? And shall we not now honor the dandelion and give it some small place in our vards As for the more veritable weeds whatever one may say against them, here is one thing to be said in their favor: They are very green. If you have ever seen sickly green of some all the more appreciate pests though they are. With a good Jawn mower they can be kept crop- ped close, and thus ultimately oblit- erated In the meantime their owth will help out in the gener *t of the lawn, bolstering up the true its effort to_give your Jawn that satisfying, deep green which is the desire of all householders. It ix the general effect that is to be considered. Does the lawn, from thé sidewalk, or from the house, satisfy the eye . x Then it is a good lawn, to my mind. What do 1 care if you can walk out .nd point me out a couple of weeds? Why should I concentrate on s ceds, when for less trou- bie 1 can enjoy the general, wholesale beauty my lawn flourishes for my ap- proval? admitted the light, you will the weed sturdy ass in OBSERVATIONS | BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE g with their other troubles, the| s of the quinquennial of the In 1al Council of Women are not ved over President to address them. It v lack of persuasion | For a good many | weeks pressure in that direction has| been brought to bear on the. White | House To the last the council T that the President would see his w Teade 1 pert oolidge’s faily is not due to on iheir p | to delivering a speech of welcome. felt that the foreign delesates were entitled to such a distinction as a spe- | mark of respect from the chief | of the American Nation. Council of ficials suggest that Mr. Coolidge un- wittingly fell under the influence of those who have been depicting the| quinquennial as a diabolical plot fo-| mented by pacifists and communists. § Particul appointment over the nonappearance of the President on the council's platform is aroused by | the fact that he is speaking in the| Auditorium, in the very midst of the Sessions, but under other auspices. | asion of the finad | meeting of the National Oratorical | Contest this week | P * Washington in its day has read and | reviewed the maiden speech of many 2 new American Ambassador to Great Pritain, but none ever evoked higher praise than the address Mr. Houghton has just made in London. It is re- garded as saying exactly the right| thing at exactly the right time in ex-| Uy the rig London is not the capital at wh marks were primarily aimed, but it is our ranking diplomatic mission in Eu- rope, and when the United States en- voy to Britain speaks, it is with well understood authority There is a charm of diction about Houghton speech that ranly him worthily among » the ma'sters of English whom we have traditionally stationed at the Court of St. James. Ambassador Houghton is a glass manufacturer by occupation, but he has an uncommonly fine cul- tural background, with a B. A. from | Harvard to his credit, supplemented by post-graduate work at Goettingen Berlin and Paris Universities. At Har- vard he was famed as a poet. Hough- ton went to London with a reputation for disliking speeches. But after his triumphant debut before the Pilgrims, he is not likely to be permitted to hide his oratorical light under a bushel. One of the first things the Sixty- ninth Congress will have to do will be | to vote more money to carry on the | Government's prosecution of the Do- heny and Sinclair oil cases. The | £100,000 appropriated in February, | 1924, which was to Include remunera- | tion for the special Government coun- sel, Messrs., Pomerene and Roberts, has already been used up, Wwithout any of it going to the lawyers. The money has gone for traveling ex- penses, gathering of evidence, procur: ing of witnesses, preparation of briefs and transcribing of voluminous rec- ords. Before the litigation is out of the way, prospectively in 1927, it is probable that the legal bill Uncle Sam | will have to foot in the oil business will not be far from $250,000. * ¥k X ¥ Charles C. Hart, Washington news- paper correspondent, who has been appointed American Minister to Alba- nia, once was a private in the Regu- lar Army. It will remind him of his barrack days when he’strikes Tirana, the Albanian capital, which has a population of 12,000 and no sanita- tion. This observer last Summer in Paris ran across Ulysses S. Grant Smith, who was then serving a sen- tence as American Minister to Alba- nia, and who deposed that most of his’ time to date had been spent in trying to locate a bathtub somewhere in the country. Mr, Hart, as a pro- ! | United fessional mewspaper man, is accus- tomed to the accomplishment of the impossible, and it is not to be doubt- ed that he will turn the United States legation at Tirana into a habitable haven before he has been in Albania very long. Like many another jour- nalist degenerated into an officeholder, Hart is a_native of Indiana, which produced John Hay and other cele- brated diplomats. PR A contributor writes: Probably Capt. Santelmann, lead- er of the Marine Band, forgot that Richard Wagner was one of the most rabid anti-Semites of his day, or the band wouldn't have se- lected a Wagnerian number for the dedicatory program of the National Jewish Community Cen- ter in Washington. Wagner was the arch foe of Jewr master compos Meyerbeer, and aspersed him ruthlessly. It was a favorite Wagnerian theery, ventilated with relentless fury, that the Jews had no music in their souls. ok ok When Charles Evans Hughes was in Washington recently he emulated the sailor who couldn't kéep away from his ship, @nd spent a couple of merry hours at the State Department, in reunion with his late colleague: and subagdinates. Hughes was almos: hilarious as he condoled with his for- mer eco-workers over their laborious Dlight while he is leading the most to these observations | carefree of lives, liberated from every vestige of responsibility. He has fallen in love with Bermuda and the atmosphere of complete restfulness he finds there. The island is full of Amer- ican plutocrats who would lionize Hughes if they could, but to their ceaseless importunities he is deaf. His {clients, old and new, have beer in- ormed that they haven't money nough to induce him to do a lick of work till next Fall. Hughes said in Washington that he is keeping in touch with America by reading five different daily newspapers from the States. They arrive in Bermuda at sufficiently long intervals to allow him to devour them at leisure. * ¥ K K William Hard has given himself a sabbatical six months’ leave of absence from journalism to complete & book dealing with the fight that kept the United States out of the League of Nations. He plans to spend practi- cally all of the present year on the work. It will be an authentic and au- thoritative narrative, replete with original and hitherto unknown data supplied by United States Senators and others who were in the thick of the ‘political battle of the century. Hard has always been an uncompro- mising anti-leaguer, but is bent upon produeing an objective volume of his- tory. (Copyight; 1925.) ’ ? Would End Blasphemy An Italian society is conducting a vigorous popular campaign against blasphemy with the approval of the church. In many Italian cities one may see posted on the walls hundreds of such admonitions as “Blasphemy soils_your mouth and detracts from the forcefulness of your speech” and “When you blapheme you make your- self ridiculous.” In Florence a so- clety seeks by similar methods to re- mind the public of the Ten Command- ments. The pedestrian, rounding a corner, may suddenly find himself face to face with enormous letters ad- monishing _him, “Thou shalt not steal,” or the other thou shalt nots. Anti-blaspliemy days are commeon in many Italian cities, and are the oc- casions for splendid public processions in which the local clergy, take part. S w0 Tt Politics at Large | BY N. 0. MESSENGER. Democratic politiclans and nation- al leaders are found to be in high state of hope amounting to almost confident expectation of wresting some seats from the Republican party in the Senate next year. By the same token, there is a feeling among many Republicans that the party has a big fight before it to hold a number of seats which they now possess. With their present slender party majority in the Senate oceasioned by existing and possible factional disaffection to the regular party the senatorial elections of 1926 are looked forward to as of serious moment. The Republicans in the Senate have a senatorfal campaign committee to look after the election of Senators corresponding to a similar cam- paign committee i the House to aid in the return of members of the House. These committees do not concern themselves with the renom- ination of incumbents, but are or- ganized to deal with the election of Senators and Representatives after they have won the party nomination. w ok K It falls out that all the members of the Republican campaign committee are up for re-election next year so that body will probably be entirely reorganized, as its members will be too busy with their individual con- tests to give.much attention' to the affairs of others. Senator Moses of New Hampshire, chairman of the senatorial campaign committee, has already given notice of his intention to shortly resign the chairmanship to look after his own irons in the fire. Terms of 32 Senators will expire March 4, 1927. Their successors will be elected in November; 1926. Of the 2 are classed as Republicans and 7 'as Democrats. Where the shoe pinches the Republicans is in the fact that there is no chance of Win- ning any of the seats held by the 7 Democrats, while their own bars are down for possible inroads by the Democrats in_the case of 10 or a dozen of the Republican seats. The Democratic incumbents are Senator Broussard of Louisiana, Caraway, Arkansas; Fletcher, Florida; George, Georgia; Overman, North Carolina; Smith, South Carolina, and Under- wood, Alabama. The Republicans calculate there is a fighting chance for them in North Dakota, where Senator Ladd, who is classed with the La Follette group, has been read out of the party. He may be opposed by the Coolidge ¥ publicans for renomination, with the possibility of the regular Republicans putting up a Coolidge Republican and going to the mat in November. Down in their hearts, however, the regulars do not have much hope of winning the election, even if they can nomi- nate a regular. * x In this rather gloomy outlook the Republicans see only 11 seats that they count upon as sure of holding in the election of next year. These are Dale of Vermont, Moses, New Hamp- shire; Bingham, Connecticut; Curtis Kansas; Gooding, Idaho: Jones, 'Wash- {ington: " Htanfield, Orecon; Smoot, Utah, and Illinois, Pennsylvania and california. It is possible that there may be primary fights in_the three latter States. Senator McKinley may have to face a fight for renomination, while Gov. Pinchot may contest| against nator Pepper. Representa tive Lineberger will be a contender against Senator Shortridge in Cali- fornia, but, in any event, they count upon electing the Republican candi date. Close contests between Republican: land Democrats are expected in In- {diana. Missouri, Kentucky and Ohio. the incumbent Republicans or ominees must face bitter his sconsin will. be battle- ground hetween the regulars and La Folletteites in the senatorial pri- | maries. % Ak Political cence of pol jout the country. observers note the quies ics at this time through- This state of calm has been increased. it is b d. by th recent suggestion of President Cool idge that the country cease to con- cern itself about “Washington” and devote itsélf to business, industry and home affairs. The Government at { Washington still lives and may be counted upon to pursue the even tenor of its way without ‘“starting anything” to upset business. Assur- ance is given that Government is to | { continue to be a routine affair and to {go on without producing joits or bumps. No State in the Union presents a more striking example of political quiescence than Kansas, which for so i vears has been a hotbed of po “What's the matter Kansas?” has been a standing question, quereously propounded. The answer nowadays to the question “What's the matter with Kansas “She’s all right.” Political advice from that State are that politically everything is lovely and the “gzoose honks high” in the Sunflower State. William Allen White, the famous writer and liberal thinker, is quoted as saying that not in his 40 vears of Kansas journalism has the political linterest of the people been at so low an ebb or has the State been as free from political thought. The Kansas Legislature receiltly adjourned with- out having enacted a single freak law. Silly bills were easily scotched. and [ the single aim of the members seemed {to have been to adjourn and go home to business, = iy The same spirit exists, according to political observers, in other States which heretofore_have been in the restless class. From no section or ciass comes insistent demand for any reform, nor is there being pressed a single issue intense enough at this time to justify labeling it as *public sentiment.” Political philosophers ‘say that the present state of thought among the people is a natural outcome of the motive which animated the voters in the last presidential election. They wanted safety, peace and a let-up in| the activities of politicians, and for those purposes elected President Cool- idge. They seem to have sensed, it is { sald, that he was the man to bring this result about. * % x * Republican leaders, while admitting the hazards of the future in the sena- torial elections of next yvear, do not give up the ghost by any means. They foresee encouragement to their hope for success in the way things are running and in their plans for the future. They are confident that noth. ing has occurred since the last election’ to shake the people in their faith in Presidant Coolidge, which they claim \will be reflected in continued sup- port of the Republican party and its policies. All reports that come from their lieutenants in the fleld attest to the President’s continued popularity with the voters, which they claim as a fact is being accentuated as the months go by. Great stress is laid upon them in the party’s plans for | further tax reduction in the next Con- gress. They argue that with a good showing in the Government’s finances and with further release from the bur- den of taxation, the average voter is likely to have his attention dis- tracted from a turmeil of politics and factions and the clamor of politicians. Some Democrats claim that Presi- dent Coolldge is being criticized for stressing his economy program to the point where it is asserted by. these partisans that the fever of economy is spreading to threatening to curtail business. The Republican. leaders dis- count this assertion, first as to the ex- tent of the alleged complaint, and in retort insist that the people’s: minds are intent upon the benefit shown in the present and tex rates. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN Q. Does smallpox flourish in the hot or cold weather?—A. M. M. A. The Public Health Service says that smallpox flourishes at any time and place where people in the commu- nity are not vaccinated. It is gener- ally known, however, that this disease is considerably worse in cold weather. fish burst when caught and brought out of the water? —A. C. F. A. Deep-sea fishes, such as the red snapper, when they are brought up from great depths too quickly burst, as the sudden change is too great for the capacity of their air bladders. Q. What is the exact diameter the earth?—J. H. A._ Dr. Hayford made calculations for the International Geodetic Physi- cal Union and announced that the earth is precisely 7,926 miles and 678 thousandths of a mile, in diameter and 7,899 miles and 964 thousandths of a mile through the poles. Q. Can a one-armed player get into the big leagues?—P. R. A. There is no rule against a_on armed piayer joining major league: There was a one-armed pitcher of the name of “One-Arm Daley” in the old National League about 30 years ago. Q. Ts there definite data concerning the sinking of any island other than Pulu Rakota”—T. P. There have been various in- stances of islands disappearing through voleanic action or through erosion. One of the principal exam- ples of the former is Graham Island (Ferdinandea), in the Mediterranean, which was thrown up a height of 200 feet with a circumference of three miles in 1831. It soon disappeared however. Q. On what date did our Constitu- tion go into effect’—G. R. A. It was declared to be in effect the first Wednesday of March, 1789. Q. How much of the crops are de- stroyed by insects”—K. C. E. A. The losses caused annually by insect pests in the United States are estimated by entomological authori- ties to reach the sum of $2,000,000,000. | Q. Why does the German republic hold its elections on Sunday?—A. E. M. A. Sunday has been selected for elections merely for purposes of con- venience, as the country is largely | Industrial and it is diffigult for per- sons_employed during the week to obtain the necessary time to vote. In the recent election about 80 per cent of the qualified voting population went to the polls | of | How many islands are there in The Geological Survey sa: | the exact number of these islanc never been ascertained. - | Q. When will Canberra become the | capital of Australia’—C. K. A. No definite_date has been set for the official adoption of Canberra as the capital of Australia. Con- ruction of the government buildings has not as yvet been completed. Q. Please give the dimensic the hall and the formal dinin at Mount Vernon.—A. W. A. The central hall on the main floor is 10 by 30 feet; the banquet hall. 30 by 22 feet: family dining| room, 17 by 15 feet: east parlor, 17 | by 11 feet; west parlor, 17 by 17 feet. = | Q. Has the Little Church Around | the Corner a memorial to a colored | man?—B. T. W | A. In the Church of the uration, New York ¢ (popularly called “The Little Church Around the Corner”) there is a stained gla window which i 2 memorial 10 a| colored couple. George B. Wilson and | his wife, Elizabeth Wilson. The for- | mer was for many vears doorkeeper of the church. Elizabeth helped her husband in the care of the church of | room says |in a va The memorial window is erected in testimony of their faithful service. Q. What kind of whales hav most valuable whalebone?—M A. The most valuable whalebone commereially is that of the right whales, especially that of the bow- head, which may have a length of from 10 to 12 feet, and is very flex- ible, A single bowhead yields 2,000 pounds of whalebone, valued at from $5 to $7 a pound. the Cooper ever a can- t3—W. C. P. Q. Was Peter didate for Preside A. Peter Cooper wus nominated for President by the Independent party in 1876 and received about 100, 000 Votes in the election of that yea: Q. Was Julius Caesar survived by his wife?—C. J A. Caesar's last survived him. wife, Calpurnia, Q. On what date was Atlanta taken by the Union forces’—I . F. D. v A. Atlanta w ptured September 1864. Q. Was the famous singer, Jenny Lind, married?—J. L. M A. Jenny Lind married Otto Gold schmidt, then conducting the Bach Choir, in Boston in 155 Q. Tow does m land Islands?—K A. There is m il go to the Fal B il service to the Falkland Islands by way of London No_regular schedule is followe mail matter is sent as the opportunity affords. , but s the Heimskringla?—S. S. been the most prose work 1 old Norse It is a history of Norsq king: ome were mythical, otherg real. The author was an lcelandely Snorrl Sturluson (1178-1241). Q. Where d merchant?"—L. A. The law mercha of law which grew up in Europe du ing the Middle Ages for the regula- tion of the dealings of marimers and merchants in all the commercial coun tries of the world. It comprised much of what is found in the modern codes of maritime and commercial la called important literature we get the term “lagy as a system When were iifeboats first used? W. L. he first designed by distinctive * lifeboat Lionel Lukin, an h coach builder, in 1785, It was called an “immergible,” and was give the desired non-capsizable qualitie affixing to the frame a thick protect unwale of cork. Watertight air chambers at bow and stern were also provided Q A H ade?—A. L. The Bureau of Animal Indust that it is procured in the fol lowing manner: Young pigs are taken and confined for several then, ¢ after being starved, they are killed and the stomachs removed. The lin- ings of the stomachs are scraped and the pepsin extracted fror the mucous memb by the use of a salt sol n. then purifieg and treated is pepsin n um. e is sheet mica obtained?— M h und sheet r in _a pegmatite. In found in com in South Dakota, ma. Deposits are obtained this_country it is mercial quantities Colorado and Alab (Space can be given in, this column to only a of the questions that pour into our office daily. Those which are believed to be of great public in- terest are-selected for publication. Any reader is privileged to asic any ques- tion he chooses, however trivial or profound, and it will be answered di- rect. Inclose 2 cents in stamps for re- turn postage, and address The Star In- formation Bureau, Twenty-first and C streets northwest.) British Dole System Failure No Surprise t America is not surprised at the fail- ure of Great Britain's dole system for the unemployed, and some edit joining in a country-wide discussion of the subject are inclined to cite the British experience as a warning| against California’s proposed old-age pension: “History abounds - in warnings against the pauperization of a people,” declares the Spokane Spokesman-Re- view. “It is easy to establish a prec dent, but it becomes increasingly diffi- | cult to check the growth of the pau-| perizing influence. Great Britain is learning that lesson anew from costly experience. Its politicians attempted to tide over the unemployment follow- | ing the World War with a system of weekly doles to the unemployed. But unemployment is increasing. There is less justification for old-age pensions In the United States than in any other country. To start people on a career of dependency on Government support is unsound and hazardous.” The discovery by Great Britain that the dole is a grievous error is con- sidered by the Philadelphia Builetin as evidence that the Government should have provided public works at which the unemployed might have found oe- cupation. “When England stops pay- ing the dole to men to encourage them to do nothing,” remarks the Bulletin, “and limits its measures for relief of unemployment to providing work for wages, it will have begun to solve its problem.” The Atlanta Journal observes “Great Britain's dole system not the good thing that advocat promised. Its effect been de- moralizing, and mone suffered | more from ifs evils than those it was designed to relieve. signed to re- lieve distress in the industrial dis- tricts, the dole system has accom- plished little or nothing that recom- mends it. British _statesmanship should be able to devise some means of requiring useful labor for the state by those receiving its bounty, according to the | Pittsburgh Chronicie-Telegraph, which | continues; ““An economie crime is not too strong a characterization for this present system, which tends to make ! paupers of millions of persons. The | Labor government failed to solve the problem of unemployment. If tke Con- servative government. cannot do bet ter, it may soon suffer the fate of its predecessol | * * ¥ Xk The San Francisco Bulletin men- tions this possibility in connection with a discussion of the British effort } to improve its financial position which resulted in the restoration of ‘the gold standard for that country. “Great Britain,” says the Bulletin, “has been | bearing a heavy load, not only in her | war-time losses and in doles for the unemployed, but in interest on amounts lent to her allies. It pays a nation to_pay its debts and the only way of establishing financial stability is by keeping expenditures within revenue.” The general economic effect of the. dole is emphasized by the New York | Evening Post, which explains: “The money contributed by the state was obtained by increasing taxation, the money from the workers was obtain ed by trade unions advancing wages. and both amounts were thus passed along to the employer. The emplover added these {wo charges, as well as his own contribution, to the cost of production. These added costs hope- lessly handicapped industries man- ned by a lower-priced labor. Eco- o United States nomicall of the dole on t country was far A reminder that Rome first nation to try this vears ago, is given by azette. It failed u azette recalls, “with fall of the govern; tual enslavement c ple, who had off 'the pu tion and d 1ore serious. Janes there > final dowr nd the even the common peo grown using to livir he death of aml duetive work Figures given e Indianapo Star to show that “the beneficiaries of the dole include 700,000 men under 36 vears old, and fully 13,000 able. bodied women who ha unned do- mestic service, preferring to remain the recipients of charity.” A day of reckonin, come, observes the Jackson/Citizen-Patriot, “when a government once embarks on/a sy tem of gifts to any class.” The d devised to relieve d “too_ often deadens ambition and destroys the lessons of thrift,” declares he Yak- ima Republic. The Can#dian view that youns men “warped and molded by the dole and the movies” are mot wanted as imn grants to this continent, so long as their temperament remains that way, is expressed by the Hamilton Spec: tator. On’ the subject of California’s old- age pensions, the Decatur Review re ‘One wonders if California can stand such a v in on its ex- chequer. Is not California the State where the old become young? The State slogan should be changed to read ‘You never grow old in Cali- fornia—but if you should, you get pensioned.’ ”* The Santa Barbara however, believes that “the system of ‘provid- ing a method of aid which will reduce the unpleasant features of age and dependence permit home relations t continue and cut down the expense to the taxpayers is making progress. B Suggests Test Lines For Motor Car Brakes To the Editor of The Star: 1 would like to suggest to the dl. rector of traflic, through the columns of The Star, that, in view of the new regulations relative to brakes on au- tomobiles, some facilities be provided so that a driver may test his brakes at intervals, such as, for instance, one sees on the Washington boulevard just outside of Baltimore. This consists merely of white lines drawn across the roadway, marking out the distance in which a car should stop when driven at a prescribed rate of speed in accordance with the regu- lations in force. A signboard could be placed at the roafiside in the vicinity, showing the regulation and indicating the method to be followed in testing the brakes, somewhat as one sees at the testing point mentioned above. I suppose-that the director has some such plan in mind, but the one that 1 mention seems to be very effective and should cost little to keep going. It is placed in a position where a large percentage of the road traffic enter- ing Baltimore City may ascertain it its brakes are working In accordance with the regulations whith govern in Maryland and particularfy’ in tim ( large city about to be entered: THOMAS E. GODFREX,