Evening Star Newspaper, May 2, 1925, Page 6

I'HE EVENING With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY. ... .May 2, THEODORE W. NOYES. ...E The Evening Star Newspaper Company Bustness Office . 11th St and Py New York Oftice Chicago Offica European Ofice: 16 Recent St.. Ensl Londen, The Evenine Sta . with the Sunday morn. tng edition, : delivered by the city at’ 60 cents per month 48 cents per month: Sunday only oer month. Ordera may he sent relephone Main 5000, carrier at the en. Aafly only. 20 cent of each month Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Dails and Sunday S840 Daily onty o0 I Sunday only 10; 1 mo 1 mo 500 1l Other States. Daily and Sundas.. .1 yr.. $10.00 DAIIY only, %200 1mo.. (e Sunday only $3.00 1mo.. 25 Member of the Associated Press. od Press is exclusively enti r rapublication of all news ted to it or not otherwise c; naper and aleo the local news blished herein. Al rights 6f publication of special ¢ Potomac River and Public Bathing. The Public Health Service, o-operation of the health officer of the District, is about to begin a most im with the portant research in the interest of the people of 1k vey of the mine wheth, sible for bathe its waters with safety. Gen. Cumming's nouncement that this work will be un- dertaken welcome this time With the the fact that Washington is without ade- quate bathing and swimming facilities and more National Capital, a sur River to deter: 1y not be made pe of Washington Potomac r it n reside; in reasonable Surg. an- is at particularly approach of Summer, for its people becomes mor problem. The bathing Tidal Basin has been eliminated by congressional action, and so far th has been no substi- tute for it, although members of Con- gress have indicated their willingn to make provision for bat 2 for Washington. The survey planned by the P Health Service will have been completed long before Congress meets, and nendations will be available for the use of that body when it considers this problem next Winter The river, tional consideration a pressing beach in the g facilitie blic its recomr n Potomac flows by Capital River beautiful the doors of the Na- To elimi; it from n connection with pub- without the most careful investigation to determine whether it may be used with safety for such pur- pose would be most unwise. Examina tions of the river water hitherto made have indicated considerable pollution. But this pollution may be so min- imized through improved disposal of sewage and regulation as to make the river a safe bathing p ided beaches are constructed and guards provided to protect the people against drowning. This is the hope of those who are keenly nterested in providing bathing facilities which may benefit the people. For it is apparent that through the use of the river it will be possible to provide for many thousands of bathers who probably could not be cared for by artificial bathing pools. The survey of the river should deter mine definitely whether there is any possibility of its for bathing the people in safety, and if it is proved conclusively that there can be a te lic bathing ace, prov use no further hope of bathing in the river | turn its atten. |rest. In that interim he is said to hoy then Congress sho tion without loss of time to providing artificial open-air pools for the people on as large a scal Other American much attentic ing facilities example, Ch New York. cities have made use of natural bodies of water in their vicinity for bathing Everything possible has been as possible cities given to providing safe bath- v their residents, as, for ago, Minneapolis and have beaches. done to minimize the pollution of lakes and streams so that they may be used | tivity without danger of infection. Every reason exists why Washington should | is do the same with regard to the Poto- | called in extraordinar mac River. The watershed of the Potomac al- ready has been the subject of thorough by Public iealth ducted in 1913-14 The intensive which will be made during the Summer of the waters Washington, and the here, will in a be supplemental to the earlier investigation the Service, « study rive disposal measure investigation The T two angle nes of sewage d *from They em will by ol be atta the investigators. must determine whether through cer- | military organ 1ain sanitary will be possible to improve the condi gineering measures it tion of the water by the elimination of | sewage pollution. Actual eriologi cal examination of the waters of the river during the perfod when bathing can be indulged in here must also be made. The Service Healt D the Public District Health decision of and the partment to make this survey is es. | 8lers. pecially commendable beca result in providing for the gr of Washingtonians means for joyment of one of the most healthful and enjoyable exercises and outdoor swimming and bathing. sports, LR Y R Vaccination is a form of economy that provides against reckless squan- dering of health e James Ormond Wi James Ormond Wilson honor and memory a bronze portrait- tablet was unveiled yesterday at the Normal School which bears his name, contributed more to the devel- opment of the District’s public school vstem than is appreciated by many Washingtonians of today. To the elder ‘Washingtonians, however, his mem- ory s an inspiration, and it is to be noped that his name will be cherished by school administrators and by stu- dents without limit of time for the substantial service he rendered to the cause of public education in the Dis- trict of Columbia. Mr. Wilson was & trustee of the pub- lic schoois for eight vears before be- coming superintendent in 1870, shortly after the creation of that off H was thus virtually one of the creators ilson. in STAR 1925 ditor carriers within ¥ mail or Tollection is made by to| | by whose | _{ plaque just unveiled will preserve for { kindly, winning and sympathet | won the affections of all. He wa | of the present Washington school sys- tem, which has its origin practically in | the work of the late 60s and the s of the past century. The District | schools were then most inadequately housed, They were undermanned, the | teaching force was underpaid. New | methods of education had to be adopt- ed. It was wrtually a creative work | that Mr. Wilson accomplished as trus- | tee prior to the reorganization, and as superintendent subsequently. He re- mained superintendent for 15 years, throughout the period when were laid the foundations upon which the present splendid structure of District public instruction hz In his per: s been reared. nality Mr. Wilson was He s the | friend and guide of the teaching force. He took the keenest interest in the welfare of the children. He knew by personal visitation every buildineg, every The system then was small in comparison with today, and Mr. Wilson made it his business to acquaint himself with conditions everywhere. His was a helpful super classroom. led | vision. His larger the desigr has two name of the of been nc the given mal schools today, an appropriate ion in view of the tradition of James Ormond Wilson’s ser: developer of teachers. The bronz to system : « | future generations of the instructors of youth in Washington a memory that should be an inspiration to them, and therefore a benefit to the Dis- triet’s educational system. e “Washington” on Vacation. Washington™ is frequently vi. by big business and politics mean the Government; that is to s Congress and the executive. Pr dent Coolidge probably holds to this| interpretation when the White House makes it known that the Chief Execu- tive entertains the desire that the country shall forget Washington and attend for a while to its own knitting, the same being devotion to domestic und business affairs without worrying about prospective legislation or the ad ministration of ernment. No doubt this attitude of the Pri dent will meet the approval of the ized to | country at large and serve as a still further steadying influence in bus: In the past, too often has the business world been disturbed by ap- to “Washington." Manufacturing and importing have at times been held in suspense by the prospect of Congress tinkering witl the tariff. Corporations have been moved to fear over the possibility of the Department of Justice busying it self with anti-corporation activities. surance has already been given by the new Attorney General that harass- ing investigations of the corporations need not be apprehended, and that legitimate business which operates within the law of the land can rest at night in peace and fear nothing. Now comes further reassurance upon White House authority that the executive department is not contem- plating any new adventures within the realm of its jurisdiction. The Presi- dent is reported as wishing that while Congress is not in session the country will Re relieved from having to look to Washington every day to see what is going to be done, and will fee] that governmental policies do not contem- plate any radical changes or innova- tions This should be regarded as highly to and industry. President Coolidge will leave the Capi tal on a vacation of six weeks or more, during which he will take an absolute ness. prehension as | business | | | | that the country will feel certain that | nothing is going to happen. With this | declaration of the President's attitude is coupled the announcement by the | Federal Trade Commigsion of a second modification of its rules which will further do away Wwith publicity, to Wherever possible other | which some business interests have seriously objected in recent years. On the whole, therefore, this fs a pleasing prospect of governmental in activity or the absence of ac- of an ageres nature. It carries also the assurance that there ve a | probabl i | | | director no likelihood of Congress being | ession to con- legislation to upset the of The country | will be glad that ““Washing. ton” is off the map officially, and that | ‘all is quiet along the Potomac.” likely business. sider nity s | Every vear the world gets further | away from the picturesque custom of dancing around the Maypole and con- cerns itself more with the possibility of May day rioting The new President of German zer who is now expect ed to transform his natural gifts into the talents of.a financial expert The Tidal Basin Fishery. The Tidal Basin fishing season will pen June 1 and close October 15. The | in charge of the office of public buildings and grounds has an nounced certain restrictions on an and these restrictions were ad vised by the commissioner of fisheries. No fish will be allowed to be taken | from the basin before June 1, and dur- ing the season no fisherman will be allowed to take more than three bass, three crappie or three bream in one day. Every bass under 10 inches long must be ret ed to the water, and ever; ppie under 6 inches and sun- fish under 4 inches that is8 caught must be put back in the water. If a man catch a 9%-inch bass he must re- turn it to the water. Whether it will be counted as one of the three bass he is allowed to “take” is not clearly set forth in the regulations as pub- lished, but as he will not be allowed to take the fish home it will surely not be counted against him in the scoring. ‘The limit of three bass or other fish as a dayls sport may seem a hardship to some expert anglers who never go home without long strings and large tales, but to the genetal run of Tidal Basin anglers it will be satisfactory to catch three full size Potomac fish in one day. They will get aii the ex- pectation, hope, fresh air and sunburn that go with fishing, and they may get as much realization as many of the most ambitious anglers sometimes zet. From the wall of the basin they may Dot huok as many glani fish HE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, after terrific * struggles as _ their | Erother anglers lose near Chain Bridge | |and Great Falls, but if they have the true fisherman's {magination they can carry home three fish and some very exciting accounts of the escape of | cthers The opening of the Tidal Basin to fishing is a remarkable experiment in public recreation, and adds to the utility value of the basin. It is be- lieved that hundreds—perhaps thou- sands—of children and grown-ups who never fished before will take tackle and bait to the basin, enjoy the sport and develop a love of one of the great outdoor arts. re B Great Britain’s Costly Show. Great Britain had a big party at Wembley some months ago, lasting a long period, and called the British Em- pire exhibition, being an assemblage of shows from all dominlons fllustrative of industries and products, a veritable “world’s fair,” sugh as those that have been held in this country at Philadel- phia, Chicago, Buffalo, St. Louis and San Franci Somehow or other the Wembley exhibition - did not draw. Tourists who had England on their itinerary of forelgn travel included it in their survey of the Usights,” but few people went abroad from this zountry purposely to attend it, and very few continentals went Eng. wnd with Wembley as their objective The patronage came almost entirely wrom England, Scotland and Wales, Irelana furnishing very few visitors Recently the accounts of the big fair have been cast up, and it has been dis covered that the show cost the Bri government at least £3,900,000. In ad. dition to that sum, it is now charged that a proper audit of the affair would show a deficit of fully £1,000,000 more A member of the House of Commons has raised a charge of corruption, de claring that the exhibition was a “very grave scandal.” The House has taken ndfaction on its charges, but it is like- ly that the matter will be developed. This great exhibition was held during the tenure of the Labor ministry. The present accusations are brought by the Conservatives. Thus a political scan- dal is brewing which may have an im portant effect upon the future partisan alignment in Great Britain These big fairs, as a rule, are not money-makers. The attendance must be enormous to meet the running costs As trade promoters they are perhaps good investments, and have usually been considered mainly from that viewpoint. They have their historical value. The centennial exposition of 1876 at Philadelphia and the Chicago exposition of 1893 were in commemo. ration of great events in the history of America, the former marking the 100th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence and the latter—with the lapse of a year caused by the u readiness of the show—commemorat- ing the 400th anniversary of the dis covery of America by Columbus. The Wembley exhibition was designed to ““cement the empire” by demonstrating the solidarity of the great union of dominions. It may have accomplished thot result, but, it is now evident, at a leavy cost. over to sh | caee A quiet inauguration is desired by President von Hindenburg. His wish denotes a certain respect for the cus toms of a modern republic. ——— America invented the airship. The Chinese invented gunpowder, but have been behind the rest of the world utilizing its possibilities. — The “Communists” are apparentls reluctant about carrying out all the ams formulated for them by the propagandists. & Germany not yet taken ‘‘her in the sun,” but she has un doubtedly resumed her position in the spotlight place e England insists on the gold standard with as much determination as it W, J Bryan had never said a word on the subject. e New York has padlocked cafes, but has found no means of safety-pinning the hip pocket of the bellhop. N SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Rejuvenation. the gentle Month of May hearts grow confidently gay The future will fulfill each wish We're going to catch enormous fish. In golf we're going to make a score Which never was attained before. In spite of efforts Which have failed, Each ball club has the Pennant nailed. The little Garden’s going to bring Corn, beans and peas and everything. The Year is in its glorious Youth And every hope seems simple truth, Though disappointment often rise To hurt the heart and cloud the skies, We walt in patience day by day For the exultant Month of May. Forbearance. Are you in favor of prohibition?" ‘Of course, I am,” answered Senator Sorghum. “But out in my district a man has got to be kind o’ patient when he finds he can’t have absolutely his own way about every little thing.” Vicissitudes. One day with praise tne public greets A citizen delighted. Next day the old Grand Jury meets And tells him he's indicted. Jud Tunkins says a dog is & man's true friend, which he ought to be, never payin’ any board. Assistance. “Has your boy Josh been any help to you?" “‘Some,” answered Farmer Corntos- sel. “He doesn't do much work, but he gives me many a helpful hint about the best show to see when I go to town. Dismissing the Past. Republics are ungrateful, sure; For which we're all regretful. But many a statesman's more secure Because they are forgetful. “Gratitude,” said Uncle Eben, “is mostly a mistaken idea of de way a s gineter feel after he's been done a favor! man’s THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. dwellers Estey alley “housemaid’s knee" garden. Prolonged stooping, required in planting, transplanting, trimming and other garden work, is ruther trying on knees not used to the exercise. In the backyard the amateur gar- dener faces the following problem: ‘Whether it is better to squat down, and so get o SUff he can scarcely arise, or to bend over, and become from too much blood to the head. If he adopts the former procedure the gardener soon begins to suffer from ERY modern, yet age-old, equivalen for the so-called “housemaid’s knee supposed to afflict those doing menial work. One's trusty old kneecaps, not being accustomed to prolonged squatting, get stiff, the skin over them stretched, the final upshot of the matter being that once down the sufferer feels inclined to stay there. Some of our rawest amateurs are so Stiff in the knees that they have to pull themselves up with the aid of the fence. When this stage of the malady is reached, generally they try the sec- ond method Bending over waist seems are getting working 4n the gracefully from the rather neat solution of the dilemma for about five minutes. After that, in the majority of cases, the rush of blood to the head generally drives them back to squatting as the lesser of two evils. Persistence in stooping, of course, will lead to a cure. Realizing there is to be relief in no other way, the ten- dons and ligaments of the knees begin 10 loosen up, so that ultimately one is able to squat down in the gaxden for hours at a time, if necessary * o ok x Sitting on a soap box, however, is an easy way out of the difficulty. Usually it is not until the gardener gets his kneces into such a that he can scarcely walk that he thinks of the soup box What would the world do without the soap box Leaving out of consideration its prac tical utility as a shipping case for bars of wholesome, necessary fat, let us consider the place of the soap box in the universe. Its position as a public rostrum is too well known to need much com- ment. “The soap-box orator” is al- famous as any other kind, and gets his full share of pub- home the humble soap box des as many things. Now, draped in white-and-blue luncheon tablecloth, it does duty as a fern stand. Sometimes a handy man transforms i bookcase, and yet again it shines in the more humble roll of shoe-shining stand. Here, in the open air, it becomes a stool for the weary gardener - Planting gladiolus bulbs in a row re- quires much stooping. These queer articles, dry und brown, in several months will bloom into stately spikes of pink, vellow and purple flowers, their lanceolate foliage vying with the beauty of the blooms. We dig a hole for this bulb, named after Marshal Foch, and plant it four times its own depth, taking care to set it right-end up. eless planters who put in the “glads” upsidedown often wonder why they do no good. As if any one could function standing on his head, kicking his heels into the air! The gladiolus “fans” constitute, per- haps, the most rabid group of any flower culturists. Get interested in this particular flower, one is very like- as S.S. Homeric’s Master’s Record Is Cleared to American Public! A tribute to British traditions of the as well as to the splendid per: al record of Capt. John Roberts as a sailor in peace and war, is found in the attitude of the American public toward the tragic loss of the Japanese steamer Raifuku Maru and her crew while the British liner Homerfc stood by almost within hail. Amos Pinchot, brother of the Gov- ernor of Pennsylvania, and Liston K. Lewis, the New York lawyer, headed a group of the Homeric passengers who accused Capt. Roberts of failing to employ methods which might have saved the lives of some of the unfor- unate Japanese. Other passengers | vigorously defended the course of the skipper, Capt. Roberts, who did not risk his own ship and passen gers by getting too close to the sink- ing vessel, and declared nothing more could have been done in the raging seq. Most American editors -seem to agree with the Roanoke Times in the opinion that Capt. Roberts “kmows the way of Neptune far better than the passengers of the Homeric could possibly know them." Man has not conquered the- sea,” observes the Yonkers Herald. “To have launched lifeboats from the Ho- meric would have meant almost stre | death for those detailed to man them. Time was not allowed by the hungry sea for the shooting of lifelines to the stricken ship. The exhausted mem- bers of the crew could not have sur- vived the waves long enough to swim to_the side of the Homeric.” The fact that other sea captains up- hold the action of the Homeric's cap- tain is noted by the Syracuse Herald, which_continues: “While it may pos- sibly be true that sea rescues have been made or attempted in the past under conditions as appalling as those which confronted Capt. Roberts of the Homaric, popular presumption will be largely on his side, in view of the splendid record for gallantry in such dire emergencies that the British merchant marine has always enjoyed.” ¥ ey one would rather trust the judgment of a seasoned sea- than to a layman passenger,” says the Raleigh News and Observer. “The sailors are acquainted with the ways of the ocean and they know better how it behaves. While recog- nizing this important fact, one cannot but greatly regret that the Homeric did not stand by until every vestige of hope was gone.” The war record of Capt. Roberts thus is cited by the Boston Transcript: “He stood, through the war, in many pilot houses, responsible night and day for the fate or fortune, first of a frall yacht in the North Sea patrol, then of the troopship Medic at Gal- lipoli, and finally of a thousand ships and countless men from 1917 to 1919 when he served as commodore of mer- cantile convoys back and forth across an Atlantic lashed by storm and gut- tered by torpedoes.” Judgment should be held in abeyance, advises the Buf- falo News, which believes it is diffi- cult “to belleve that Capt. John Rob- erts and the crew of the Homeric failed to perform their full duty.” Conflicting statements as to whether or not there were survivors afloat after the ship went down are dis- cussed by the Springfield Republican, whose judgment is that “if it should be shown that a number of drowning men _drifted near the Homeric, with no effort made to save them, the ques- tion may perhaps arise whether the organization for dealing - promptly with such an emergency was ade- quate.” The Republican suggests that the British admiralty should “take this deplorable shipwreck as the text for a general inquiry into the problem of saving life at sea in stormy weather.” In similar vein the De- Aatur et S5 et siraies Ledniship: ars that “Certainly SIRIngG appeé condition | D. C, SATURDAY, Iy to be Interested in it almost to the exclusion of other flowers. During recent years the gladiolus has seen a remarkable development, the blooms far transcending the hum- bler reds of our grandmother’s garden. The different varieties have names of their own, and the bulbs often com- mand a very fancy price. We look forward with particular an- ticipation to the blooming of the yel- low Schwaben. This is declared to be the best of the yellows. We of Estey alley are partial to vellow flowers. It is a natural preference, too—we did not read in some book that yellow blooms are very “stylish” now. No, sir, we like yellow tulips, yellow roses and yellow “glads” just because we like sunshine! Last Summer the wonderful yellow zinnias were the pride of our garden; we like yellow no matter what the fool psycho-analy- sists say. Our_soap-box stool does us little good in “ridding” up the yard. We have been working on this job for a month and every time we go out into the back yard we find a bit of brush or leaves we missed the last time. We do not need our box, either, in spraying the rose bushes. Where on earth do the aphids, the green lice, come from? Almost over- night they coated the buds and stalks. They are fat little green creatures, filled to the brim with destructiveness and the “milk” of the ants. The lice are of a beautiful pale green color. Looking at them clustered around a rosebud one cannot but help feel that the stocking manufacturers are missing a bet in not copying the color and advertising it as “aphid.” How to get rid of them? Get a sprayer and a solution of nicotine sulphate, which, by the way, |is a deadly poison, and mix a half tea- spoon in a quart of soapy water. Then wet the insects until they run |around on the other side of the bud Then remove to the other side and spray them back again. Keep this up until the bugs are coated with soap and_nicotine. In the morning the aphids will be gone. The nicotine sulphate, it may be re- marked in passing, smeils exactly like an old pipe gone wrong. e The task we dread most in the gar- den is technically known as “thinning out.” This requires us to attack the thick- growing sweet peas and yank out by the roots about half of them in order that the plants that remain may have room enough to grow properly. We shudder at the task. How do we know we are taking out the worst ones, not the best? We do not. When we get them out, shall we throw them away or give them to the neighbors? Some of them we can replant in a bare spot in the row, that is some- thing to be thankful for. Anyway, the deed must be done. All of us ama- teur gardeners, the books tell us, are inclined to keep our plants too close together. Well, no wonder! We only want to plant all the flowers in the catalogues, and we find it rather difficult to do it in the small city back yard. What we need is a farm. Say, come here and look at this rose bush! There, in all the beauty of the true rose pink, sits the first rose of the season, nodding there at the end of a long stalk | It is not very large—the bush will |do better later—but to us it is very beautiful To Estey alley gardners the first rose of Spring seems lovelier than the last rose of Summer. | | | some old-fashioned seamanship and | heroism are also required | The emotions of the lost seamen | are impressively presented by the Oregon Journal in its comment on the tragedy, which concludes: “Then | comes the rescue ship. It maneu- vers for a postition in which to reach the doomed sailors. But before a line can be shot or a boat latnched, their crippled vessel lurches, lists and passes beneath the waves. The sea has claimed its toll. It is a dread- ful fate for brave men, but a fate which brave men dare in order that the peoples of the various continents may exchange goods for the greater | happiness of each other. ————. Famed Works Found. The past enriches the present.! Every day there is turned up some treasure long lost whose existence men hed forgotten. Delving into the buried cities of the anclents, the book of the past Is opened and the world’s | history in the heretofore unknown centuries is disclosed. But others as| well as archeologists reach into the past—not so far, but in some cases with even richer results. There has come to light at Nantes a | picture by Murlllo whose existence was unknown. It is called “Christ's Vision In the Garden of Olives.” For years the picture was owned by a poor. artist, who jealously guarded it from the world. It has now been placed among the national art treasures of | France, Another great find was a lost opera by Mozart, called “La Finta Simplice. It was one of the composer’s earlier works, about which the story is told that when he had heard it the jeal. ousy of the court opera director was so aroused he would not permit its production. The score was thrown aside and forgotten, and now, nearly two centuries after the composer's death, is found in Vienna, and for the first time performed before an au. dience. All the men who have lived since the world began did work for us of today. —Los Angeles Express. ————. Straw Hat Values Rise. | At this time of the year when the masculine mind harbors a_speculative thought of straw hats, the statistics prepared by the United States Census of Manufacturers have a special in- terest. In round figures American men spend approximately $32,000,000 for straw head coverings a year. Those statistical experts ‘who find pleasure in juggling with figures are unable to tell us whether they are wearing more hats per capita or mere- [ly wearing better ones. In 1904 the Nation’s bill for straw hats was only $10,000,000, while in 1923 it was $32,- 500,000. The point is made that while the population increased 33 per cent, the value of the straw hat output in- creased 200 per cent in that perfod. The average man entertains the vague thought that when the wheat crop is good the output of straw hats ought to be abundant. The fact is there is no relation between the straw hat industry and the farming indus- try in the wheat belt. The straw used in hats comes from special varieties of wheat grown in China, Japan and Italy. The stalks are pulled before ripening, bleached in the sun and dew and the straw woven into braids ready for shipment. According to figures supplied by the Trade Record of the National City Bank of New York, the United States imported straw materials valued at $8,000,000 in 1923. Of that sum $3,- 000,000 worth was supplied by Japan, §2,500,000 by China and $1,000,000 by uly.—Seattle Times. o | been | vine 1925. THE LIBRARY TABLE BY THE BOOKLOVER MAY. 2, Which is more Iidealistic, more worth the devotion of a lifetime, more serviceable to humanity, the prac- tice of the art of healing or medical research in a laboratory? This question is discussed—and answered with decision—by Sinclair Lewlis in his novel “Arrowsmith.” Martin Ar- rowsmith’s first alleglence is to re- search, from the time when a 14- year-old boy he studies Gray's “Anatomy” in the foul office of old Doc Vickerson of Elk Mills, in the State of Winnemac (Wisconsin). Later at the State University he be- comes the disciple of Gottlieb, a Ger- man Jew, whose work on immun- ology has given him fame in the East and in Europe. Except for briet periods of reaction to the practical, Gottlieb remains his guide and in- spiration. At one time during his medical course he banishes from his faith “the brilliant insanity of Max Gottlieb's genlus” and becomes the follower of Dean Silva of the Winne- mac Medical School, whose creed is “to help give the world as many good physicians, great healers, as 1 can.” After graduation Martin spends two years as an interne at the General Hospital of Zenith (Milwaukee). Then, still holding the Silva philos- ophy, he retires to Wheatsylvania in North Dakota, the home of his wife's parents, to become eral practitioner. Success does not fol- low him and he leaves North Da- kota to become an assistant health officer in Iowa. Later he accepts a post as pathologist in a Chicago clinic and finally goes to the McGurk Institute of Biology in New York— evidently intended as a composite of the Rockefeller Institute and sev- eral other similar research organ tions. By this time he has returned to his early research faith and his worship of Gottlieb, who is also now at McGurk, after being forced out of the Winnemac Medical School. * ok x *x “Arrowsmith” may be looked upon as a species of long debate on research versus medical practice, with Gott- lieb and Dean Sflva as the chief protagonists. Gottlieb's pursuit of pure research reaches the point of fanaticlsm. He is satisfied to spend a lifetime on experimentation, testing and proving endlessly, reluctant to publish any results of his research, caring everything about the truths he discovers, but little about their practical application. He tells Martin in the medical school days that only a few of his students wish to become scientists and “those, I seize them, I denounce them, I teach them right away the ultimate lesson of science, which is to wait and doubt.” He is fiercely scornful of the practitioners, looking upon them as commer- clalists. Yet when his wife becomes seriously ill and he fears that she has cancer, he turnes helplessly. to Dean Silva. “The Gottlieb who scoffed at medical credos, at ‘carpen- ters’ and ‘pillmongers,’ had forgotten what he knew of diagnosis, and when he was {ll, or his family, he called for the doctor as desperately as any backwoods layman to whom ilines was the black malignity of unknown devils.” Dean Silva comes to the bedside of Gottlieb's wife, “full of excessive benignity, chuckling to him- silf, ‘When he's got somthing the matter he doesn't run for Arrenhius or Jacques Loeb, but for me!" " o The test of Martin's faith comes when, having almost proved the su cess of “phage” a cure for bubonic plague, he is sent by McGurk Insti- tute to St. Hubert in the West Indies to fight a plague epidemic. Gottlieb is now director of McGurk. He calls Martin to his office and says: “If I could trust you, Martin, to use the phage with only half your patients and keep the others as controls, un der normal hygienic conditions bu without the phage, then ~ou could make an absolute determination of its alue.” , Martin agrees to this plan for the ultimate scientific test, but when he reaches St. Hubert he finds that all the authorities, and even his own colleague, Sondelius, veteran fighter of tropical diseases, are against him. He perseveres until per- sonal tragedy weakens his will pow- er; but at the end of the epidemic he comes back without that “absolute determination” which has ordered. Gottlieb 0k It is obvious that Sinclair Lewis believes that the rather inhuman Gottlieb has “chosen the better part.” He says of him: “There may have in the shadowy heart of Max Gottlieb a diobolic insensibility to di- pity, to suffering mankind; there may have been mere resent- ment of the doctors who considered his science of value only as it was handy to advertising their business of healing: there may have been the obscure and passionate and unscru- pulous demand of genius for privacy. Certainly, he who had lived to study the methods of immunizing mankind against disease had little interest in actually using those methods On the other hand: “He was of the great benefactor of humanity. There will never, in any age, be an effort to end the great epidemics or the petty infections which will not have been influenced- by Max Gottlieb’s re- searches. * * * He was, in fact, an authentic scientist.” ok ox Some of the reasons for the hos- tility in this country, as well as in Europe, foward Count Michael Kar- olyi are revealed in his memoirs, “Fighting the World: the Struggle for Peace.” Count Karolyi, Hun- garian pacifist, internationalist, aris- tocrat turned socialist, is today ac- cused by his own people of responsi- bility for the dismemberment of the Austro-Hungarian empire. One of the leading statesmen of the central powers during the war period, he saw as early as 1916 that their de- feat was inevitable and began a cam- paign for a separate Austro-Hun- garian peace and even a peace for Hungary apart from Austria. He tells of the rapid disintegration of the Hapsburg monarchy under the weak Emperor Charles and of the failure of the nobility to realize the approach of defeat. His efforts for a separate peace were made in the hope of saving for his country as much as possible from the wreck, but because of them he was bitterly attacked by his countrymen as a pac- ifist, a pro-ally and a traitor. Count Karolyl made his fight on the basis of a Wilsonian peace and was a warm supporter of the 14 points. * ok ok ok Great enthusiasm for things Chinese is expressed by Louise Tordan Miln in her book “The Soul of China.” The sub-title reveals that the soul of China is “Glimpsed in Tales of Today and Yesterday” and the volume consists of 10 short stories. Some of the stories are based on old Chinese legends, others are very modern. Perhaps the latter are the more interesting because of their accounts of Chinese customs. The life of women and children in China seems to Mrs. Miln ideal and, according to her, marriages there are more often happy than elsewhere. Chinese cooks are the best in the world. Chinese music is ‘“wonderful, beautiful, im- perial,” though not usually appreciat- ed by Westerners. As a country, China is “the loveliest of all lands.” All her troubles have been brought upon her by foreigners, chiefly missionaries and politiclans. One of the especially interesting tales, “The Puppets of Mah-Jong,” tells of the origin of the game which, according to Mrs. Miln, is played chiefly by the Chinese peas: ants and other lower classes, nearly all ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. What selections were played by the Marine Band at the inaugural ceremonies?—L. V. G. A. They were: *“The President” (Tregina), “The New _America” (Michaud), “Voice of Our Nation"” (Santelmann), “American _ Patrol” (Meacham), ~ “Nationsl _ Emblem” (Bagley), “Songs of Old Folk ranged by Lake; “Pomp and Circum- stance” (Elgar). As the President arrived and left the platform the Marine Band played the four flour- ishes and “Hail to the Chief.” Q. Would the meat of a chicken which had been chloroformed be fit to eat?—B. G. A. The Bureau of Animal Indus- try says that chloroform would not be detrimental to the flesh of a fowl to be eaten. However, it is far pref- erable to have the birds bled. After chloroform is administered it par- alyzes the blood stream and, there- tore, this cannot be done. Q. What part of the price of a package of cigarettes goes to the Government?—F. L. Y. A. On an average, the Government gets 6 cents of every 15-cent pack- age of cigarettes. It has been esti- mated that a man who smokes 5-cent pack of cigarettes daily pay the Government a direct tax of nearly $22 a year. Q. What can be used to destroy ant hills in a yard?—J. R. B. A. To rid a lawn of ants, drill several holes in each ant hill with a stick. Pour into each hole a small quantity of carbon bisulphide. Cover the whole nest with canvas until the fumes have killed the ants. It will take about two ounces of material to each ant hill. Q. How far from the post office will a special delivery letter be sent? ~B.J. P. A. The Post Office Department says that “special delivery service is the prompt delivery of mafl by messenger during prescribed hours to persons who reside within the carrier limits of city or delivery offices, or within one mile of any post office, or to patrons of the rural service who reside more than one mile from the post office but within half a mile of a rural route.” Q. How are the watches divided on shipboard?—B. D. A. The first watch is from 8 to 12 p.m.; midwatch, 12 pm. to 4 am; morning watch, 4 to 8 a.m.; forenoon watch, 8 am. to 12 m.; afternoon watch, 12 to 4 p.m.; first dog watch 4 to 6 p.m.; second dog watch, 6 to § p.m. Q. How does the pineapple grow? —C.A. P. A. The pineapple is the fruit of the pineapple plant, which grows from 2 to 4 feet high. The individual plant produces only a single fruit, which varfes greatly in size from 4 to 5 inches to 6 to 10 inches. The pine- apple is a native of tropical America. Q. How many at Hot Sp TR A. Hot Springs, Ark., is noted for the hot waters that flow hot springs are there widely | from 72 eprings, included in a space of 10 acres, on the west side of Hot Springs Mountain. The waters of these springs range in temperature from 76 degrees to 157 degrees Fah renheit, and are especially beneficia in the treatmént of chronic diseases In 1832 four sections of land were se! off by Congress as a Government res ervation. Since then the Government has established on the mountain the Army and Navy General Hospital Q. Was the celebrated tower in Pisa built at an angle or did it sink?— R.E. W. A. Tt has not been decided whether or not the slant in the leaning tower at Pisa is accidental. Some authori ties say that the lean is dus to at tempts by architects to rectify sinking , while the tower was being buiflt. Oth ers argue that it was intentional. The question has never been satistactoril decided Q. Can an Army officer tal months’ leave at once?—L. C. A. An officer in the Army tled to 30 days’ leave each leave may accrue to the four months. four M is ent r. Thi mount ¢ does “kn keep away bad luck D. E. A. The origin of the superstition concerning knocking on wood 1s doubt- ful. Some authorities attribute it te the anclent religious rite of touchtsg a crucifix wt an oath; oth ers to the beads of the rosary whe Among the ig- norant peasants of kurope the cust probably began with the habit knocking loudly to keep away spirits Q. Why on_ wood evil Q. What hum?—L. A. Humi the w 3 | piano string vibrat harmonies mental is gi makes a telegra has a na the san re Wd the win he funda brating in se ordinarily set up at the same time. Q. Can foreigners teach in our pub lic schools’—H. C. W. A. A teacher in the District of Co- lumbia must be an American citizen. In many States in recent years laws have been passed requiring publ | school teachers either to be citize | to de their intentjon of beco; | cisiz Not all States have pas | st w. A teacher in a private school need not ne be a citi- zen of the United (Frederic J. Haskin is employed by this paper to handle the inquiries of our readers and you are ted to call upon him as freely and as often as vou please Ask anything that a matter of fact and the authori will be quoted you. There is no charge for this service. Ask what you want, sign your name and address and inclose 2 cents in_stamps for return postage | Address The Star Information Bureau J. Haskin, director, Twenty C streets northwest.) BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. “Murder will out""—one time in ten, even in America, according to the report of the American Law Insti- tute’s committee on a survey and statement of the defects in criminal stice. The committee consists of Herbert S. Hadley of Mi chairman, and Willilam ¥ 1, dean of the Law School of the University of Pennsylvania, and John C. Milburn, a practicing lawyer of New York City. Mr. Hadley is dean of the Law School of the University of Missouri. This eminent body legal authority points with dismay at | the showing that in America 9 out of 10 criminals escape punishment, and that of those convicted, the pun ishment is inadequate in more than half the cas nd the number who are pardoned upon sentimental plead ings, without regard to the evidence, is far too high a percentage. The committee asserts that more crime is committed in the United States than in England or Canada, and a much larger proportion of those who commit crimes are not appre- hended in this country. The eminent lawyers declare: “This emphasises the general inadequacy. of our police de partments and peace officers,” but they also confess as to their own pro- fesslon—the bar—that “‘a larger pro- portion of those who are prosecuted for crime in this country escape punishment than in England or in Canada.” * x ok % This arraignment of the system of justice in America is the most seri- ous and significant that has ever been made. In the American Law Re- view, some years ago, reference was made to the summary powers of our police: “The despotic power of arrest given to the police in the United States—and Russia—is unknown in Great Britain” (page 168, vol. 45). Nevertheless, the Hadley Report cites the statistics of crime’ in Baltimore during sfX months of 1923, when 2,825 serious crimes were committed, for which only 734 persons were ar- rested, and of these only 440 persons were indicted. It also cites a survey made in Cleveland, where, out of 1,000 arrests for felonies, 91 pleaded guilty and only 118 others were ever brought to trial. 4 These are isolated instances, where general statistics covering the entire country do not exist, but the law of averages is assumed to operate, and there is no reason to believe that con- ditions are worse in Baltimore and Cleveland than in other parts of the Nation. The committee protests that there are too many indicted who are never tried; too many prosecuted who are acquitied (in spite of guilt), and ‘o0 many of those who are indicted escape prosecution, conviction or pun- ishment in ways other than by ac- quittal.” The need of the establish- ment of a bureau of criminal statis- tics in_connection with the Depart- ment of Justice was emphasized. The Hadley investigations leading to the report covered information gathered from 50 leading cities, from attorneys general of many States, where re- ports are on file, from prosecuting at- torneys of scores of counties, from prison records and from the office of the Attorney General of the United States. * K K X It is emphasized that back of all police and judiciary must be alert pub- lic sentiment for law enforcement; otherwise both police and prosecuting attorneys—pnd likewise Jjuries—will tend to relax vigilance. There is a radical difference between the police system of America and of England, and, according to the committee, that difference does not inure to the credit of the American system. Here, each village and city or other social unit has its own independent police force, more or less jealous of that of rival communities, and especially jealous of State interference; still more of Fed- eral interference. The standard of training is low, in ¢omparison with that of England. The | police of America make arrests, and have little to do with preparing the | cases for prosecution; the result is lack of team work between police and | prosecutors. In England, the police | gather the evidence and prosecute the | cases. There is in England no regular | prosecutor who tries all cases during | his term; the court appoints a differ- \ | law of crimes, ent attorney for each case, who c operates with the ting police in handling the law involved. One at | torney may represent the prosecution |in one case and fense in the next. In ifo the Unit u Y, of tice, some States | juries of only 10 an |23 members. ~E |legal s nce exist be tween , the com- mittee protests against the looseness of procedure in gubernatorial pardo Jir ng of convicts and urges put and formal | hearing. 1d be held in case | pardons ds in the original trials and | pardons should be granted only on | merits of evidence and not on mere emotional appeal—a recommendation ¢ which met with vigorous applause from the members of the institute. * x % sta m: req oth there is of grand rs requiring nctes of b In no feature do the differences be- tween American and English pro- cedure in criminal cases appear more striking than in the adherence of American courts to the ancient prec- edents of technicalities and _the stmplifying of the methous in Eng- land. In the old country there ig no such thing as getting a retrial of a case on the ground of an error in the language of the indictment. All objections to the phraseology of the indictment, including the exact crime charged, or the initial or name of the accused. must be presented to the court before a jury is sworn, and, in most cases, the court then and there corrects the indictment and proceeds with the case. If a man be indicted for “burglary” and it is alleged that |the act was committed in daytime and, therefore, must be “housebreak ing,” instead of “burglary,” the cours makes the correction in England; the next grand jury in America. In one case the error is corrected in as many minutes as the other case requires, months. In America an indictment for mur. der is filled with ancient verbiage— “as aforesaid”—and in the entagle ment exist innumberable “‘errol on which to base In England, an indictn: consists of less than word aking a charge with not a single “aforesaid,” for what is said once 1s not refterated “‘as aforesaid.” % introduced in Parlia | ment, some vears ago, providing ight of appeal in case of conviction gainst the weight of evidence.” The bill also provided for a new trial, but | objection was raised that a ‘new trial” amounted to twice putting the accused in jeopardy for the same of fense, and therefore “a second triul would be oppression.” the bill wa defeated American rules regarding _indict ments are so_punctilious that if an indictment fails to state the time the offense was committed, it must be quashed, though the time stated need not be the correct time to make the document hold. If a theft of cattle be charged, the true indictment must describe each animal; it will not do to allege that the cattle thief ran off with certain “cattle.” - Were the shorthorns, 3 years old, or G vears old? Were they white 2 Bulls or cows? If the in dictment alleges th: “bay” horse was stolen, and the horse is proved to be black, the prisoner must be freed. though a dozen witnesses saw him ride that horse out of the pasture and caught him still astride of it It the indictment be against John F. > Smith and the prisoner is John T. Smith, in England the pen of the judge would change the “F" to a “T,*" and the court would proceed with the case; in America, the pris- oner at the bar would be released, and might sue the arresting officers for false arrest. * % k% The committee recommended that the American Law Institute under take a restatement of the substantive but that while a model code of criminal procedure is practic. able and desirable, its preparation should not be undertaken by the in stitute under present conditions, .| cause that is u legislative function, (Copyzight, 1825, by Paul ¥. Collina} S ¥ !