Evening Star Newspaper, March 12, 1925, Page 6

6 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. THURSDAY .March 12, THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor c. 1985 The Evening Star Newspaper Company Buasiness Office, 11th St. and Pennasivania Ave New York OMee: 110 East 427d St Chieago Ofick: Tower Bulding. European Office : 10 Regent B.,Loadon. The Eyening Star, with the Sunday moraing edition, in deliversd by carriers withtu ! eity ai 00 cents per month: daily onlr, 43 cents per_ monih: Subday oni. 20 cents per month, Orders way he sent by mall or te phone Maln 5000. Colisction s made by ear- Tiers at the end of each moath. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1yr. $3.40; 1 mo., Daily only. .. $6.00; 1 mo., Sunday only.. ©$2.40; 1 mo., All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., Daily only $7.00: 1 mo Sunday only. $3.00; 1 mo. Member of the Associated Press. The Asnoclated Prexs fg exclusite tied fo the use for republication of all mews die patehes credited o It or ot otherwise eredit 10 this ‘paper and alse the jocal news pub | ished ‘nerein. ANl rights of publication”of | and. 70¢ 50¢ 20¢ 86¢ 800 25 speclal dispatehes hereln are also reserved. psodatins ambacinaliioitl Bt Substitute Teachers' Pay. The rejection by the Board of Edu- cation of the proposal of the Teach-} ers' Council to rescind the increased “schedule of pay for substitute teach- crs should not be taken as indicative of n lack of sympathy the part of the board with the arguments as presented the representatives of the teachers. The superintendent of <chools, in the course of his remarks at the conclusion of the hearing, made | it quite clear that such is not the case. The protest of the teachers against | the increased pay of substitutes as pit into effect last month by action of the board was not to the effect | that substitutes should not receive more pay, but was frankly based upon the fact that the increase given them came out of the pockets of those teachers for whom substi- tutes had to be \provided. The posi- tion of the board was that, while it deprecates the law which makes a sick teacher pay the salary of his or her substitute, it must of necessity act under that law as made by Con- sress, and that the interests of ef- ficient education In Washington re- quire that a larger salary be paid substitate teachers when they have 10 be employed. Both the teachers and the boar are logical and right in their spective contentions. It is true that the policy of requiring a sick regu- lar teacher personally to pay a Inr(e; portion of her salary to her substi- tute during the first 60 days of iliness and then, if the illness continues, to drop her from the pay roll entirely is inequitabje, not in accord with enlightened business practice, and against the.interests of efficient edu- cation, in that it tends to persuade sick teachers to come to work when they ought to stay away. And it is equally true that where suBstitute teachers have to be provided _the proper type cannot be secured at'the old rate of pay. The solution to the problem must be found through persuading €on- zress to alter the. existing law deal- ing with the employment of substi- tute teachers. All concerned are con- vinced of the fact that it is unjust end impractical. As Supt. Ballou has asserted, the regular school teachers of Washington schools should, when taken sick, be given a | brief leave of absence on full pay with a longer period following, if necessary, upon part pay. And the| employment of substitutes under such | conditions should be mnegotiated and paid for by the school system of the District. Such a change in the law would obviously work to the improvement of the local educational conditions. Tt would be in accord with the methods | of modern industrial establishments in bandling the problem of sickness among the employes. Adequate pro- tection against malingering could be adopted in the case of the schools as in the case of business establish- ments, aithough the probability &f such practice, owing to * the high | ade of personnel involved, would | remote. That both the on by d re- be Board of Education and the Teachers' Council will press congressional action along Sh(‘i above indicated lines at the next ses- ! sion of Congress may be anticipated | from their unanimity of viewpoint. And that Congress, which so ef- fectively demonstrated its sympa- thetic appreciation of local educa- tional needs at the last session, will adjust the matter to the end . of further " increased efficiency in the! schools of the National Capital may be logically believed. ——— For a time Teapot Dome literature | was thrilling. There i no expecta- tion now that it will interfere in the slightest degree with the Summer out- put of best sellers. r———— While not always in precise accord the United States Senate and Presi- dent Coolidge appear to understand cach other perfectly ———— ~ The Suburban Roads. The decision of perintendent of public roads mnot to| make use of funds available to expedite repair work upon the roads under his supervision is, it is to be hoped, subject to reconsideration. 1t is perfectly true that, taken «s a whole, the District suburban roads =iffered less from the ravuges of Winter traffic than did the paved streets of the city proper. Many of the suburban roads, such as Con- necticut avenue extefided, Sixteenth street extended, the Bladensburg road and Pennsylvania avenue east extended, are today in admirable shape, havipg been but recently and substantially rebuilt. But there are others, such as. the Canal road, Georgia avenue, Wisconsin avenue, Michigan avenue leading to the Queen Chapel -road and others, which are today in wretched - condition. the District su- {of State. strain and damagé to the cars in- Volved. These roads, under the supervision of Supt, Grablll, are those upon which . motorist visitors to the National Cap- ital must approach the city proper. Their maintenance in @ condition as close to perfection as may be is of obvious interest to create & happy first impression. They are the roads over which local motorists, with Spring weather approaching, must travel as they go forth to enjoy the | surrounding country. ! Work upon the paved streets of Washington is to be rushed as swiftly |as possible, the public has been ae- sured. Tt is to be assumed that, in this work of expedition, such en- trunces and exits to the city proper as the Highway Bridge, M street and Q street, in Georgetown, the city streich of Wisconsin avenue, and so forth, will receive early at- tention. It has been admitted by the au- thorities in the premises that extra road gangs could be advantageously employed upon the suburban roads at this time. The funds to make such a course possible, at first believed to have been unavailable, are at hand. It is recognized that the longer the work of repairing the present con- dition of those roads which now need it is delayed the longer will Wash- ington and visiting motorists suffer inconvenience, “expense gnd danger. and the higher will be the final re- pair bill with which the city must ultimately be charged. The dictates of economy and the public interests are clear. It is fair to hope and to believe that Supt. Grabill, relieved of the earlier dread of impairing the morale of the permanent road force incident to enforced layoffs later in the Spring should extra gangs now be employed to rush the needed re- pairs, will reconsider his decision and save the public both discomfort and money ——— e Mr. Borah and the Administration. At the outset of the present admin- istration Senator Borah, one of the most powerful figures in the Senate and in the public life of the country, has found himself in a position of an- tagonism to the President and the majority of the Republicans of the Senate on several issues. The Senator from Idaho, however, hus a record for independent thinking and voting, and therefore his strenuous opposition, first to the chastisement of the Re- publican insurgents administered by | the Senate Republicans and then to| the confirmation of the President's selection for Attorney General, Mr. | Warren, may not be so signifieant as they would have been in another. The Idaho Senator may vet go along with | the administration on many major issues, and undoubtedly will. But temporarily at least, and on the surface, Mr. Borah seems to have suc- ceeded Mr. La Follette in the leader- ship of the progressive bloc in the Senate. If this enlarged bloc becomes solidified, it will mean much trouble for the administration in the coming regular session of Congress. ° Efforts by the conservatives to run | roughshod over the progressives and progressive ideas will be resisted vig- orously. Not by the wildest stretch of imagination can Senator Borah be classed as a ‘‘radical,” although he has favored the recognition of the Russian government. Few men in| public life stick so closely to the prin- ciples laid down in the Constitution of the United States. The opposition | of Mr. Borah, therefore, is not to be considered lightly. The administration must reckon with the Senator from Idaho. It would seem the part of folly to do otherwise. For the sake of the country it may be hoped that a definite break will be avolded. Mr. Borah is chairman of the for- eign relations committee of the Sen- ate, a committee that should work as harmoniousely as possible with the Chief Executive and the Department An example of the difficul- have arisen when that | committee and the President -have clashed is not far to seek. Immedi- ately after the World War, while Pres- ident Woodrow Wilson was in the White House, the Republicans gained control of the foreign relations com- mittee of the Senate, and the late Senator Lodge of Massachusetts be- came {t8 chairman. The result was to place the foreign relations of the country in a turmoil. Mr. Borah be- lieves firmly in the continuation of the policy which broughtgabout lim- itation of naval armaments, and in this he goes along with the Presi- ties which | dent. President Coolidge has no stronger supporter than Mr. Borah in his de- mand for economy in the administra- tion of the Government.. He stood with the President in opposition to measures which promised to increase governmental éxpenses, in opposition to the soldiers’ bonus, the original postal pay bill, the Bursum pension bill and others. But the Senator from ldaho bhas not hesitated to take the administra- tiop leaders to task because a special session of the new Congress is not lled to tackle the problem of farm relief and other domestic questions. During the recent. debate in the Sen- ate over the committee assignments of the insurgents Mr. Borah's Repub- licanism was challenged by some of the regulars. But, in the opinion of Mr. Borah, the principles of Repub- licanism do not include necessarily abandonment of independence ' in thought and action, and with this opinion, provided its holder recog- nizes the need for party solidarity in the final analysis, there need be mo quarrel. The feat of maintaining a reputation for independence while still demonstrating party lovalty 'is a difficult cne, vet the Senator from 1daho has performed it before and, it is to be hoped, will continue to do so. —— Less Than Fifty Years Ago. Nearly 49 years ago occurred the battle of the Little Big Horn, often called Custer's last stand, at which the armed forces of the United States received ‘their most crushing setback at the hands of hostile Indlans. On the one side were between two and Driving upon them in their present condition involves personal discomfort and danger—to say ‘nothing of the three hundred members of the Tth Cavalry, commanded by Gen. George A. Custer. On the Y!her ‘were about and | THE _EVENING 10,008 Stoux, Cheyennes and Arapa- hoes, of both sexes and all ages. Of the force opposed to the Indians two living creatures survived—a Crow scout and a horse. And of the thou- sands of the enemy few are now alive | who took part that bloody fray. {A day or two ago the Groat White | Father recelved a &legation of Sloux, which Included three old men who on that fateful fune day fought against “Long Hair.” During their stay here they have given reminiscences of the struggle. In a few years the last brave will have died who, in 1876, participated in the encounter which was once pithily characterized by “Chief”” Bender, the eminent aborigine base ball star, as “the only time in history the red man appeared to have gotten an even break.” There have been persistent misap- iprehensions both as to the detatls of this battle und as to the part therein played by Sitting Bull, who is often spoken of as the planner of the en- gagement and the commanding chief. As a matter of fact, Sitting Bull was never a war chief. He was a “‘medi cine man,” and a successful one. For some time previously he had been prophesying a great Indian victory, and when it came his prestige creased 8o enormously that he was able to make trouble for the next | auarter of century, until his death, in 1890. He was a factor in the victory only in that a great concourse of hix followers happened to be encamped in a good game country, and their as. semblage had been so effected that the military powers of the United States had not the remotest idea of their great strength. The two real outstanding figures of the engagement were Custer and Gall, a war chief who was not only a warrior of the best type but who was a strategist of ability. Those who knew Sitting Bull at all well were generally convinced that he was & coward. At any rate, he did not wait for the battle to begin, but took to the hills to make. as he ex- plained, powerful “medicine’ or magic. He was overtaken by messengers bearing the news of the victory: re- turned and promptly claimed thé credit that was due men far bettei than himself. Prejudiced, as is natural, and con in and perhaps the fairest account of the battle, or massacre—for it partook more of that nature—was dictated some years afterward by Mrs. Spotted Horn Bull, an exceedingly intelligent Sioux woman. Whatever criticism may be made of her story, she, at any rate, was there and saw it all, which ir more than can be said of other au thorities. Mrs. Bul! was a relative of Sitting Bull, and that she considered that he had on that day been u shameful skulker is evidenced by the fact that not once in her lengthy nar- rative did she mention his name, and when questioned categorically blandly ignored the inquiries. To the Western traveler of today it seems incredible that scarce half a | century ago a fight so important and so disastrous could have occurred. Yet three old men now here in the National Capital and a few others scattered oni reservations have keen memories of that day of transient glory and rejoicing for the red man and of tragedy for the white. R Vice President Dawes hurried to the Senate and just missed an early op- portunity to cast a deciding vote. It becomes immediately apparent that Mr. Dawes is not going to derive as much quiet pleasure from this office as Mr. Thomas Marshall did. oo There is a disposition to make avallable to Secretary Hoover oppor- tunities for experience calculated to make him one of the best equipped all-round cabinet officials the country has known. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Highbrow Aspiration. She may forget to cook the chow That's ;waiting in the larder. It you should make complaint she'll vow Her lot could not be harder. She never had .a chance to learn Inside a seminary— And now she wants a litile turn At topics literary. The meat is burned. Potatoes taste Like little chunke of leather. Confusion reigna as in great haste She throws them all together. But father wears a patient smile As coffee cold he guzzles. The cook must not be fretted while She's doing crossword puzzles. . Courtesy. is wour idea of senatorial courtesy? “My observation,” said Sénator Sor- ghum, “is that it consists in letting the other filibuster so that he won’t interfere when you want to do the same thing.” Temperament, A Senate's mind Was thus declared: “We may be coaxed— But never scared. “Ire moves us not, We'd fain be loved— We may be led, But never shoved.” Jud Tunkins says if you try to flat- ter w man too much he's liable to laugh at vou for thinking he is so easy fooled. Efficiency. It's marvelous, there is no doubt; Folks write of it with glee— | it's something that you read about. But very seldom see. Ornate Extravagance. “Men no longer spend their money in saloons.” “No,” answered Mr. Chuggins. “A man now spends his wages in a gildev gasoline station,” “A highbrow.” said Uncle Eben, “is a man who kin hypnotizé you “into believin’ he’s teilln’ you things he don’t know hisse't.™ taining & few obvious errors. the best | STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, THURSDAY, MARCH 12, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. We business men do net properly appreciate our stenographers. I never see dne of these fairest fowers of modern commerce but what I think a cog has slipped somewhere. What do they care for your pre- cious bills of lading? What real Interest have they in your dull old letter, retailing the startling information that the order has been received and will be filled promptly? Their thoughts are elsewhere, and properly so. For, it 99 of them but endure you and your affairs and one be truly in- terested, know ye this: That the 98 are right and the one is wrong! Your pride of business may rebel at this, but Nature knows nothing of your buiiness. She speaks a differ- ent language from 6% per cent. he begins with tender care of dollles and ends with dreams of 10 little fingers and 10 little toes. love- 1y alphabet of life and love. And do you, O hard-headed man of business, think to thwart Nature? The dreams that they shall dream before your unseeing eyes you will attribute to laziness. The little songs they sing you will all foolishiness. Minutes spent fixing their hair you will say is time stolen from you. But Mother Nature, nevertheless, will smile upon them in secret, and say: “Well done, thou good and faithful servants of the Lord.” B With this feeling strong upon me, [ dreamed & dream, and in it T saw + new heaven and a new th for stenographers 1 saw a business world where bonses realized that white-armed ‘avatera und blue-eyed Veronica, shy Vio'et and bold Gladiola really had no business in their old offices. Though economic conditions made heir bright presences necessary, bosses made the conditions fit the girls, not the girls fit the conditions. Sq. returning from that dream world, I take pleasure in presenting to business everywhere the follow- ing program for a model working day for stenographers and typists: A STENOGRAPHER'S WORKING DAY. 9 a.m.—Report for work. 9 to 9:30—FIx hair, ete. 9:30 to 10—View beauties of ind Nature out window. 10 to 10:30—WORK 10:30 to 11 reial hour 11 to 11:30—WORK. 11:30 to noon—Prepare for lunch. 12 to 1 p.m.—Luncheon 1 to 3—Movles 3 to 3:30—Return to office 30 to 4—Clean typewriter. 4 to 5—Tea. 5 p.m.—Leave for home. * x % % 1 present this program with pride. [ do not see how & better program sould be drawn up. bosa, It is falr to the girl. There 1s just one thing that could better it, and that would be to omit it entirely; but.that would mean the banishing of the girls from the of- fices, which wbuld never do at all Every business office is the better for its stenographers, its typists, ite file clerks. They are like bright tulips in an arid waste of dull chairs, desks, filing cases. Why, thousands of customers would It is fair to the | | belleve that Senator Royal never enter business establishments at all if it were not for the stenog. raphers! The program is entirely fair to the executives. Two complete periods are allowed for work, and these at the time of day it counts most. The entire time elapsing between 10 wnd 10:30 w.m. is given over to intensive work, work all the harder because it comes before the mid- afternoon fatigue arrives, when the hands find it necessary to resusci- tate their spirits by recourse to coffee substitutes. Nor is this all. Let no executly trying to look both important an busy at his desk, imagine that a single half-hour is all I am going to_permit his stenographer -to work. Dear me, no! Tam a cruel taskmaster. Of course, I allow a social “hour” following the application at hard labor, this “hour” coming between 10:30 and 11 o'clock. But even its name Is &« misnomer. It is by no means an “hour,’ so there will be no need for the busy executive to call in an effciency ex- pert. All the eficiency necessary is comprised in the program. The so- called social “hour” {s but a miserable half-hour, not an hour at all, and only called s0 in compliance with social customs. After the enlivening coenversation of this period, the stenogruphers can return to their desks with determina- tion, the mort of evident desire to do the work In hand that calls the blush of pride to the cheeks of the tired business man * k% I submit that the program, too, is absolutely fair to the girls. If any stenographer in Washington can show me a better arrungement of hours in any office in the city I wil make huste to amend mine accord- ingly. T point with particular pride to that afternoon schedulc. It begins in the morning, to begin with. Probably the preparatory period, from 11:30 to noon, is somswhat inadequate, but it 18 the best that one can do in the present mercantile development of the United States. Too many business men bolt their food at lunch, so our program side- steps that culinary inadequacy by al- lowing a full hour for luncheon. I Cope- land, former health commissioner of New York City, and other authori- ties will agree with this. The big feature of this program, however, bekins at 1 o'clock. Instead of the girls being forced to sneak out to the movies, now they can go with heads up and little hats on. This two-hour period will come as a welcome interlude in the full work- ing day. It will gleam with and song, emotion and tears, laugh- ter and happiness. It will enable &i~l to return to her office refreshed, determined to make tomorrow a bigger | and better day in every particular. After the triumphal return a half- hour is allowed for cleaning the typ writer from all traces of the soil of the morning’s work. All is now in readiness for another day Tea, dear to the heart of every woman, is not forgotten. Did I not tell you that this is distinetly a super- program? The last task of the day, of course, is to leave for home. And 80, as Roxie says, “Good-night— pleasant dreams—God bless you. Longworth Generally Approved For Post of Speaker of House Both Demooratic and Republican newspapers are genérour in their ap- proval of the selection by the Repub- licau caucus of Reprsentative Nicho- las Longworth of Ohio as Speaker of the Sixty-ninth Congress. “Representative Longworth won the House speakership on his merits,” declares the New York Herald-Tribune (Republican), which remarks: “He is competent, experienced, fair-minded and deservedly popular. He has been succesaful ws the Republican floor leader and was a natural choice to suocced Mr. Gillett. His selection has revived talk of restoring some of the Speaker's surrendered powers. A revival of party loyalty and responsi- biiity in the House would do much more to re-establish its influence than any mechanical expedient like reconferring dictatorship on the Speaker.” Tha Peoria Transcript (independ- ent) says the selection of Mr. Long- worth will “cause some disappoint- ment, but no great surprise, to Illi- nais.” On the defeat of Martin Mad- den of that State the Transcript has this to say 'As chairman f the com- mittes on appropriations Mr. Mad- den’s job as ‘watchdog’ of the Treas- ury was nat favorable to his personal fortunes. Moreover, Mr. Madden will be 70 years old this month, while Mr. Longworth is. only 55. The Ohioan is a rigid partisan and probably is better equipped to officiate as Speaker than the Illinois veteran” The “old guard never dies" declares the Nor- folk Ledger - Dispateh (Democratic), which adds: “When the administra- tion forces nominated Nicholas Long- worth for Speaker they demonstrated that the old guard is in the saddle and there to stay as long as the party is in control.”, Reflecting on the'contest between Longworth and Madden, the Birming- ham News (independent Democratic) observes: “Here seemy to be an illus- tration of what the American melting pot can do. It can take the son of an artisan and the son of a million- aire and reckon their value, not fn terms of golden spoons or wooden spoons, in silks or in coarse tweeds, but according to the things they have erpressed in terms of personal and politioal service” Cincinnati, de- clares the Springfield Republican (in- dependent), “is not far west enough to seem Western even to Hasterners, and Westerners are unlikely to think of the nomination of Representative Nicholcs Longworth as a triumph of the Western influence.” The Repub- lican continues: “Mr. Longworth, in tact, 18 thoroughly Eastern, and he owes much to New England Republi- cans for his success. His majority over Mr.. Madden, however—141 to 85 —~reveals no very strong or deter- mined opposition from Western mem- bers. Mr. Madden of Chicago is the product of the Chicago machine, in the more barbarian words—a rather raw throwback to the prime days of Hinky Dink,” * oK H K, “Althcugh a son-in-law of the great Theodore Roogevelt,” observes the In- dianapolis News (independent), “Longworth pever assumed a crown prince attitude and sometimes dif- fered from his father-in-jaw.” The son-in-law of the great Theodore, de- clares the Minneapolis Journal (inde- pendent Republican), “goes forward on his own merits.” It adds: “He has won his spurs in Congress by 20 vears of service, during which his duties to his Cincianati constituents huve not prevenied him from serving his coun- try and his party as well” It has pald Representative Nick Longworth, reflects the Davenport Democrat (Demacratie), “to be a good fellow.” The Democrat adds: “He is person- ally popular in Congress in spite of being thoroughly stand-pat in all his political affiliations. So he fs slated for the speakerthip by vote of the Re publican caucus. The speakership isn't what it' used to be, any more than is Congress." “Jt_cannot be pretended that the mew House picked a great statesman i in the choice of Nicholas Longworth for Speaker,” says the tal (Republican), lck being rather a great society leader than a states- man of any kind. On the other hand, the Western Representative who op- posed him did not make much of an appeal to the Western members.” It was openly and avowedly a caucus, observes the St. Paul Dispatch (in- dependent), “and it decided that Nicholas Longworth will be the next Speaker of the House.” No happler, decision, the Dispatch adds, “could have been #ken to signalize the fact that the Hepublican party has re- coverdd its unity.” In the opinion of the Butte Post (Republican), Long- worth is recognized us an orthodox Republican, despite the fact that he had his father-in-law on his hands, about 12 years ago.” The Oakland Tribune (independent Republican) thinks: “Nicholas Long- Wworth's abilities and likeable person- ality have conquered what politicians call handicaps and he is to be Speaker of the House. It is a fitting triumph in a career of service and a merited tribute to a hard-working, able and triendly man. His record In the House attests to his capabilities, and his friends, including many Demo- crats, are predicting he will acquit himselt & way to add laurels.” says the Milwaukee Journal (inde- pendent), “may be expected from Mr. Longworth as Speaker.” The Journal continues: “He seems to have accept- ed the gospel of stand-pat Repub- licaniem without protest and never to have been disturbed by quastion- ings. But after all not many Speak- ers havé been notable for light and leading. though some have been neted as party czars.” —— -t Deplores Strife Over Mountain Memorial To the Editor of The Star: if the Stone Mountain memorial to the Confederate Army is the mag- nificent inspiration which its friends &nd an increasing number of outsid- ers believe it to be, it should not be lost to the Natioh and the world be- cause of a fight between the com- mittee and the sculptor, no matter which is the more to blame. The commitlee exists to further the project and if its members can no longer do so, they should step aside, or be put aside, and be replaced by others who can. No layman or group of laymen is essential to a work of art—its cieator is, and no one will deny that Gutzon Borglum is the creator of this particular memorial In its present projected form and on its unprecedentad scal No one will deny that his vision, daring and en- ergy have brought it thus far within reach, though the germ' of the idea (a monument on Stone Mountain) was the suggestion of & Southern woman. If a thing of herofc and moving beauty, which Mr. Borglum has devined, is locked fn Stone Mountain, it belongs to the world, and the world wants it, no matter how difficult it may have been. 1t i® the grossest ignorance to claim thit one sculptor, -ever of the first rank, could visualize the dream of another. It is equally dishonest to propose that the originator's design be adopted and he condemned. The South has a special and déep concern that the manner of building a memorial to honor her dead should not dishonor them, and that the memory of this sorry episode be sup- planted by the proof that she cun do a biz thing and do it with dignity and grace. The Nation has &n even wider interest that the noble and uni- fying gesture -made by Northern men and a Republican Senate to the South shall not fail of its fine and far effect. MARY LOUISE ANDERSON. o | ratner color ! the tired working | |cation Board Charles R. Richards, at Topeka Capi- | 1925. THE NORTH WINDOW ® By LmiLA MECHLIN. In the preface to the new edition of his monumental book, “Etchers and Etching,” Joseph Pennell gives a grim impression of the present state of art among us In this country. He says: “There are sev- eral interesting facts which I have discovered in my two years of teach- Ing in the United States. First, the appalling ignorance of and indiffer- ence to the graphic arts in the coun- try, which Is proven by the fact that with a population of 110,000,000 it I8 with the greatest difficulty that an artist of the greatest reputation can 8611 100 prints trom a plate—usually he can't sell 60—and even when he does it is mostly because of same extraneous circumstance, or because it Is considered a ‘good buy,’ the merit of a work even counting against 1t # * ¢ Artistically, thes United States are in the Main Street, mid-Victorian age, and, like England at that epoch, we are blindly proud of it This is pretty severe, and perhaps not altogether merited, because a @reat many more Americans are buy- Ing prints today than ever before. There are three large and active print societies—the California_ Print Makers and the Chicago and Brook- lyn Societles of Etchers, which are holding annual exhibitions interna- tional in scope, and are recording many sales. The American Fedoru- tion of Arts Is circulating not only exhibitions of etchings but port- folios among individuals who wish to Inspect them and make purchases in their homes, and the buyers are quite numerous. Besides which, as an ctcher, Mr. Pennell s htmselt held in quite universal high esteem. The' director of one of our largest art museums has devoted an alcove off the living room In his own home to examples of Mr. Pennell's work, “nd a charming exhibit it makes Obviously Mr. Pennell was looking out upon the worlq from his Brook- Iyn windows over the skyscrapers of New York when he wrote this preface. Probably no one had told him, furthermore, that in almost every farmhouse in the State of Kansas he would find at least one and in some finstances three or four really fine etchings, the works of Rembrandt, Haden, Whistler, Zorn and now and then a Joseph Pennell. o Another evidence of development in our national art consciousness fis in the fleld of industrial art. To an ex- tent this is a by-product of the great war. Up to 1814 we weare in the habit In this country of securing our indus- trial urt designs from abroad. When this source of supply was cut off by the great upheaval we were thrown upon our own resources, and, some- what to our surprise, discovered them not inadequate. Apparently there was plenty of native talent; what was needed was development and use. Un- der the auspices of the General Edu- that time director of art at Cooper Union, New York, made a survey of industrial art conditions in the United States, which was published in the form of an exceedingly readabls book | by Scribners. This told much that the majority did not know and of which few had any idew, and it opened tha eyes of our manufacturers and to an extent the directors of our art schools to an amazing degree. Since then steps have been taken In New York to establish not merely classes, but &chools for the training of industrial art workers. In Chicago a large en- dowment Is being sought and has in part been secured for the establish- ment of a sechool of industrial art More than a year ago under the joint muspides of “the General BEducation Board and the American Assoclation of Museums, of which he had lately become director, Mr. Richards made an exhaustive survey of industrial art conditions fn Burope, the result of Which has been told In lectures, but is soon. It is understood, to be pub- lished, supplementing the survey pre- viously made in this country. " So far this inquiry has been made on the fnitiative of individuals and privately endowed institutions; now it takes on a wider scope. Announce- ment has just been made that in rec- o&Titlon of the relation of art to in- dustry the United Btates Government has appointed a commission to visit the International Exposition of Mod- ern Decorative and Industrial Arts to be held in Paris this coming Sum- mer. This appointment was made by the Secretary of Commerce, Mr. Hoover, and comprises Charles R. Richards, chairman; Henry Crenge of the Cheney Silks, Frank G. Holmes of the Lenox Potteries, and Edward L. Bernays the last an associate—all recognized authorities, having per- sonal experience and a first-hand knowledge of industrial art as prac- ticed both in this country and abroad. ‘This commission will visit Paris in June, and later report its findings to the Secretary of Commerce for the benefit of American manufacturers. In the meanwhile, delegates from such trades throughout the country in which art is prominent are being offi- glally designated to visit the exposi- tion. 1 *Ex* The United States w. participate in - this exposition. In fact, it -was offered by the French government the best site available— a large piece of ground on the right bank of the Seine, adjacent to the Grand Palais. The conditions namedy, however, were apparently such that our manufacturers were unable to comply with assurance, and therefore the United States declined the invi- tation. The restricting clause which brought about this decision and is accountable for non-representation on the part of this country was to the effect that no works would be aceeptable which were not completely original In de- sign, which, in short, showed relation to tradition. This is an effort to put an end to repetition, even of good models, and to encourage otiginality. Whether the result will be good or bad cannot be judged -in advance, but to a large extent up to the present time American industrial design hus depended almost solely since the éarly days of the republic upon the inspira- tion of traditlonal models. There are some who feel that the répetition of that which is good is infinitely to be preferred to the creation, no matter how original it may be, 6f something that 1s poor, and that forced-original- ity can never be expected to produce g00d reésults. «There are othérs, how- ever, who are of the bellef that the only way to get info new paths is by firmly closing the gate behind us. R Although the United States will not be represented in the great exposi- tion of decorative and industrial arts to be held in Paris this Summer, Americans will have an opportunity to see a large part of this exposition, for Mr. Richards has been authorized by one of the great foundations| which has appropriated a sufficient | fund to make it possible to select from: this exposition representative ex- amples from the various countries in the several arts and bring them to the United States for circulation among the art museums next season. It is-hoped that this showing will not encourage a return to the vogue for things for- eign, but will prove a stimulus both to our American designers and manu- tacturers and at the same time open the minds of the large mass of mu- seum visitors representing American buyers, or, in trade terms, “the con- sumers,” to the possibilities In new flelds. invited to ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN Q. What is the District water pres- sure per square Inch?—M. M. C. A. Water pressure per square inch difters according to the particular lo- cality. How high the pressure will carry the water also depends on the location. In your neighborhood, in the vicinity of Florida avenue, the water pressure is 40 pounds per square inch, and with this pressure it would 1ft approximately 100 feet. Q. How high do ocean waves get? —R. R. K. A. Waves ‘rarely attain a greater height than 50 feet, but they appear to be much higher when seen from a ship. The ship rolls toward the wave, hence the Increasing apparent height. Q. Does the Postmaster Gener: come before or after the Secretary of the Navy in order of succession? —T. 8. D. A. The order Is: Secretary of State, Becretary of the Treasury, Secretary of War, Attorney General, Postmaster General, Secretary of the Navy. Q. What are the religious affilia- tions of the publishers and editors of the Literary Digest’—L. E. N. A. The publisher of the Literary Digest says that practically all re- ligious creeds are represented on the staff of the Digest. Q. How large must a community be to, become a city?—R. S. P. A. The size of population is not a detérmining factor in regard to a city. A city is a municipal corpor: tion possessing the power fo sue and to be sued, to acquire, hold and dis- pose of property, to enact ordinances, to raise money by tuxation and to exercise the right of eminent domain. . Do poets ever compose their in an inverted order of stan- B . Wordsworth and Edgar Allen Poe are examples of posts who occa- sfonally wrote the poem first. “We Are Seven' and ‘‘The Raven” are so composed. Q. What acid when drbp]ptd or put on fron or steel will eat it away?— B. 8. A. Hydrochloric acid, nitrie acid, sulphuric actd and ferric chloride are some of the chemicals which eat iron and steel. Q. Is the polecat found in coun- tries other than North America?— D. E. V. A. A true polecat is the largest of European martens, and is found par- ticularly in the rural districts Great Britain. The polecat of the Americas 1 the skunk and that of South America is a badger. Q. How many post offices are there | in the United States?—R. P. J. A. Reporting on January 1, 1925 in all four classes, but not including substations, there were 51,113 Q. How much does it cost for ele tricity for an electric curler one-half hour a day’—R. M A. The cost of using electric curl- er & epecified time is dependent upon the type of curler used and the ra BACKGROUND OF EVE Iast stanza of a| of | per kilowatt hour for electricity in your vieinity. A local electric com- pany informs us that the cost per half-hour for a curler consuming 25 watts would be approximately one- tenth of a cent. Q. Is Gutzon Borglum's brother represented by any sculptured figure in Atlanta’—S. B. C A. The statue of Gen. John P. Gor- don was designed by Mr. Borglum's brother, the late Soloa Borglum Q. Was Omar Khayyam noted for anything but his poetry’—A. J A. He was a poet and an astrologer, but it was as a mathematician that he made his most noteworthy con- tribution of science. He attempted a systematic classification of tvpes of equations of the first three degrece He knew the rule for expanding a binominal for positive integral powers, a rule afterward perfected by Newton as binomial theorem. Q. Who was Prester John?—J. T. A. Prester John was a supposed Christian king and prieét, whose ter- ritory was belleved during the mid- dle ‘ages to lle either in Asia or Africa. The legend first appeared in the chronicle of Otho of Freisingen who lived in the tweifth century. It was believed that the Nestorian Christians had built up a larze mon- archy ruled over by a priest-king named John. Letters from this per- | sonage addressed to gthe Byzantine Emperor or the Pope were circulated. In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries the home of Prester John was generally believed to be in Africa where it was identifled with thc Christfan kingdom of Abyssinia. Q. Who made the grandfathe clock at Mount,Vernon?—M. E, & | _A. The grandather clock in Mount | Vernon was one made by Thomas Wil |son of Birmingham, England, who | was a member of the Clock Workers Company in 1659 I Q. How much money has John D Rockefeller given to the Unlversity of Chicago?—C. R: E. | ~A. During the 22 years of the his tory of the Unlversity of Chicago John D. Rockefeller h-s contributed the magnificent total of $34,873,360.90 including his final gift. Q. Who founded Garden City, Long Island>—C. D. G This suburb was AT, Stewart. founded Q. Where can one study to the be advantage the history of the engrav- er's art>—H. T. E. | A. The American Federation o | Arts handbook says that the print de partment of the Boston Museum Fine Arts offers this opportunity. of | (To know where to find information | on a sudject ia, according to Boswell. as | true kmowledge as to know the subjeot itself. Perhaps “your drop of ink falling on @& thought wiil wmake a thowsand think.” Submit wour perplexing ques- tions to The Etar Information Bureau | Frederic J. Haskin. Director, Twent. | first_and € streets northwesi. Send a 2-cent stamp for a dircct reply.) TS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Patriotic men of Washington are undertaking to raise a fund of $80.- 000 this week with which to carry on for two years the development und maintenance of the Boy Scouts of the District of Columbia. The a tive promotion of the fund will cease tomorrow. The objective has not yet been reached, but the workers are hopeful. 3 In contrast’ with the Boy movement, a _picture of afother boy enterprise which is being promoted throughout America is held up for study Time: February 2, 1925. Scene: Madifon Square Garden, New York, in which is crowded an audience of 14,000 men'and women. nearly all” carryirg red flags. The audience includes 400 children, be- tween 8 and 15 years, a trained body of youngsters to sing “The Interna- tionale.” Presiding officer: Benjamin low, the notorious Communist. President Gitlow was received with wild cheering. He began the pro- gram by Introducing a 14-year-old oy, the organizer of the Junior Sec- tion of the Young Workers' League. All the “groups” of children in audience waved banners of their or- ganizations in honor of their “organ- izer.” These bann nnounced: “The Foster Group. he Lenin Group,” “The Trotsky Group'—for many such groups are heing organ- ized in cities threughout America. Git- The boy orator peered out over the | vast assemblage. Then in a shrill, penetrating voice, shouted: “One year ago Lenin died. The leader, the thinker, the guide of the masses, died. Lenin is dead, but Le- nin still lives. Lenin lived and the world moves on to the greater day to come. No longer when the world revolution wins will the bones of children be ground to yellow gold to satisfy the lust of the capitalist; no longer will children and young men be led to the slaughter for the blood- thirst of the capitalists. Lenin was stricken down by the dirty hand of yellow Socialists, but Lenin still lives" The newspaper account says that “wild enthusiasm stopped the ora- tor,” but he held up his hands for stlence and continued: Tt is our duty to mobilize the chil- dren to fight against the capitalistic system. It is our duty to keep the minds of our friends clear of the poison put into their heads by the capitalistic system. It is our duty to join the class struggle. “We extend our arms across to the young /ploneers of Russia, to the young Leninists, and tell them to prepare and always remember our slogan, ‘Always ready!’ We must al- waye be ready for the day to strike. “Down with capitalism! Down with its system! Up with the Soviet Re- public” In the midst of the deafening ap- plause of the 14,000 reds the chil- dren's chorus broke through the din with another verse of he Inter- nationale.” Counting the preparatory expense of that meeting and the wages lost by the assembled “workers,” half a million dollars were expended that day’'s attack upon our country. ‘Where does it come from? E * ok ek At the recent conference of the Na- tional Patriotic Council, in Washing- ton, an eloquent address on uphold- ing our Constitution was made by Paul Keough of the same age as that of the boy Communist of the reds. He had no such audlence as that which filled Madison Square Garden, with its treasonable attacks upon our Government, but his logic and elo- quence were none the less effective. What is of greater significance is that back of him was no treasury with which to organlze the youth of America and put patriotism and bal- ance into their impressionable hearts. The nearest to that kind of an or- ganization is that of the Boy.Scouts. It does mnot syread propaganda of unpatriotism. It does not develop boys - into poltroons nor into incen diarfes or sneaking assassins, While it does not exalt military or personal fighting. it would be as preposterous to seek a “sissy” Boy Scout as to look for. l_\r_"wly bully Boy Scout. They Tannot exist:in such wholésomc: at- mosphere. The Boy Scout influence and example give a vent for all the energies of boyhood, show the boys Scout | the | for | the manliness of decency and nobieness of service for others where no reward is expected. Boy Bcouts are no ready” than are the rampant but it is readiness for service to | others, readiness to do a kind turn daily readiness for self-reliance in emergenc¢ies, readiness te take the | inftiative where leadership re- quired. They discover the fascinating interest in woodcraft; learn to look with intelligence at nature, learn te construct whatever they want—a fire created as Indians make fire, by rut bing sticks together, or make a radio with which they may listen-in to af- fairs across the ocean * % % % One of the Boy Scout troops on Mount Pleasant discovered some three years ago that there was a woman employed in & Government office who was blind, g0 that she could not ses to board a street car ;to go to her work. Ever since thatediscovery that troop has had as its ‘dally stunt th delegating of a volunteer Scout to lead her to her car. Never failed in that servic s Scout Odell Whipple, 13 sears old. Troop 42, saw a girl fall into deep water in the Potomac last Summer and he plunged in and saved her from drowning; the Scouts learn to swim and learn self-reliance. At the Summer camp on the shore of Chesapeake Bay Iast Summer the father of Scout Ben Morgan, 13 ars ol¢, visited the boys and got permis sidn to go in swimming with Ben | and a companion Scout, out of reg ular hours when life-savers are not on guard. The father was a good swim- mer, so it was “safe. The boys swam faster, and when they looked back discovered the father sinking Two 13-year-old Scouts with a drown- ing man! No time to call aid! They saved him, for they knew how Sk ok ok How much does harum-scarum boy, less energy bound sion, and guide him into usefulness and scouthood in place of the gans Which so often leads to mischief? In Washington the expense (aside from the $4 that the Scout spends for his uniform) averages $5.81 per year which is only half of what it averages In most cities. In 1918 there were 43 troops here, with a total member- Ship of 983; fn 1924 there were 142 troops, with' a membership of 3,536 Scouts. The hope is to increase to 5,000 Scouts this year. . Boy Scouts do not constitute & rival organization :.conflicting with any other. Nor is it sectarfan. Of the 142 troope in - Washington, 22 are in Methodists churches, 21 Epis opal, 1% Catholle, 2 Jewish, 1'Y. M. C. A.. 15 non-institutional and the-test in vari- ous churches. 6 Each troop is under a trained adult leader who volunteers his services More such leaders are needed in view of ‘the increasing membership. A large percentage of boys are classed as ‘“underprivileged boys whose jhomes are not prosperous—but the spirit of democracy prevails, and “a Scout's a Scout, for u' that.” * % F The question is put up squarely our citizens as to the advisability an Investment for dividends in pa- | triotism, in manhood, in good citizen- ship. Washington is reputed to have lttle municipal pridé as compared with other cities, vet we may well be proud that we have mere Scouts to the thousand population than anv city in America, and that they cost less per year than other.Svouts. Next May 23, when the third annual inter- city - Scout competition: occurs at Bolling Field, with contests of teams . from 16 cities—Scouts of Washing- ton, we salute you! Washingtonia are tdo good sports not t back you, and cheer you in your eontests in fArst aid™in signaling, in wood- craft, in_firefighting, in. knife and hatchet manipulation, in rope-tying in swimming and In tent-pitéhing We are all for you! Back Of you are Presidént Coolidge. Gen. Pershing. every member of the cabinet and. all offickais of preceding administrations. The Boy Scouts are the pride of Washington! There are 25,000 7eligiblen- avd ~every. one ouslit to be &’ good ‘spért, amd Yhat means X Boy Scout. What an army of real men! (Copyright, 1995, by Paul V. Collins.) the less “mlways is it gost to take fifled ‘with to find expres- rest- to