Evening Star Newspaper, February 24, 1925, Page 6

g = THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. TUESDAY Tebruary 24, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor "The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Ohicago Office: Tower Buliding. European : 16 Regent St.,London, Fogland. The Evening dtar, with the Sunday morning edition, is delivered by carriers within the ity at 60 cents per month: daily only, 43 cents per month; Sunday only. 20 cenis per month. Orders may be sent by mail or tele- phome Main 5000. Collection Is made by car- Tiers at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, Daily and Sunday..1yr, $8.40; 1 Daily onl ..1yr, $6.00;1 Sunday onl; 1yr.,$240;1 mo,, T0¢ mo., 50¢ mo., 20¢ All Other States. Daily and Sunday 0.00; 1 Daily onl. 7.00; 1 Sunday o §3.00;1 Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of ali news dis- patches credited 10 it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the loc ws pub- hed herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. Good for One Year Only. 1f it follows its past wise policy of holding experimentation with the lump-sum-payment plan strictly to the temporary good-for-one-year-only basis of application, the Senate will not assent to the House proposition that the Budget Bureau be authorized to submit for 1927 the District esti- mates on the basis of the temporary lump-sum provision for 1926. This assent would, in effect, make the lump-sum provision good for two vears instead of It is a step toward permanency amends the present substantive law, which says that the Commissioners ‘‘shall as nearly as may be possible bring them (the estimates) within the probable ag- gregate of the fixed proportion of ap- propriations to be paid by the United States and the District of Columbia."” Unless it does amend this substan- tive law the Commissioners will sub- mit their estimates on the definite- proportion basis, and the Budget Bu- reau will transmit them to Congress on a lumpsum ba: Only -hurtful confusion can result from this condi- tion of and ency. Obedience to the substantive law in framing the by Commis- sioners and Budget Bureau has not, in fact, restricted hurtfully the total volume of the estimates. The Com- missioners estimates on the definite-proportion ba were great- er in total amount than the Budget Bureau would approve or the House would appropriate lump-sum basis. The condition is neither wholesome nor which our alien tax-col- lecting and tax-spending bo is urged to pay from local tax money for national and semi-national Pprojects, even when the law author- izing the appropriation by its very terms clearly contemplates a propor- tionate contribution by the Nation. The $600.000 appropriation for the Na- tional Capital Park Commission is a case in point. This appropriation was mdded to the District appropriation bill at a time and under conditions which cause every cent of the amount to come from the District tax money, though the project is so broadly na- tional that it is pictured by the terms of the law as of interest to the extent of 1 cent per year to every man, woman and child in the United States; though the law specifically provides for a division of the cost be- tween Nation and Capital community, and though the amount of the appro- priation may be expended wholly or in part at the discretion of the Com- mission outside of the District in Maryland or Virginia. The law clearly contemplates that in an ap- propriation of $600,000 for Park Com- mission uses either $240,000 of the amount shall be paid from the Treas- ury as the Nation's 40 per cent con- tribution or approximately this $240, 600 shall be added to the basic lump- sum payment in lieu of this definite proportion of contribution. On the precedent set in the Park Commission case the whole of the ap- propriation for the Arlington Me- morial Bridge could be added to the District appropriation bill at such a time and under such conditions as would cause every cent of it to be pald from District tax money. Clearly, while experimenting with the lump-sum-payment plan Congress should limit the application of it strictly on the temporary annual basis and should keep the amount of the substitute lump-sum payment flexible, that it may respond in equity to existing conditions at the time of appropriation. Evidences develop at every turn thet permanent substitution of the lump-sum plan for definite propor- tionate centribution will be jug- handled, one-sided, unfair. It will give back to the Nation its pledge of pro- portionate contribution which accom- panied national seizure of the Capital's power of sclf-taxation without restor- ing to the I ct this self-taxing power of which it had been deprived. Its practical effect will be to place a maximum limit on the contribution of the United States and to remove the limit entirely from the contribution of the local taxpayers. ————r e Among those who are hard worked and very modestly paid are members of some of the grand juries. - Muscle Shoals. 1f the Underwood Muscle Shoals bill fails of enactment at the present ses- slon of Congress, s now seems prob- able, such failure will lack much of measuring up to the caliber of a public calamity. In fact, the public can af. vord to view with a good deal of equanimity postponement of a final de- eson on this complicated problem. The problem is complicated enough in its engineering and financial ele- ments, but it is worse complicated by the political considerations which have been injected into it. Tt is a problem into which politics should never have entered. It will never be settled intel- ligently until political considerations are laid aside and weight is given to one. It contradiction inconsist- estimate original ve on the safe in v solely s0 the technical questions involved. Con- gress might well learn a lesson from the case of German reparations, which, after being almost hopelessly muddled by politicians, had to be turned over to a committee of experts. The public mind has become so be- clouded over Muscle Shoals that it does not know what to believe. Prom- ise of cheap fertilizer for farmers, with resultant cheap food for every- body, makes a powerful appeal, but is there anything in it? Some of our fore- most agricultural economists insist there is not. One of them estimates that crop growing in America depletes the soil to the extent of 8,500,000 tons of nitrogen each year. If that is true, the 40,000 tons a year it is proposed to produce at Muscle Shoals would not cut much of a figure, no matter how cheaply it might be produced. And it is at least an open question whether electrical fixation of nitrogen can com- pete commercially either with the natural product, such as Chilean salt- peter, or other progesses of atmospheric derivation. It is asserted that 130,000 tons a year are now available as a by- product of coke ovens and gas works, with much more going to waste. Other chemical processes, not calling for the use of power, are said to offer large possibilities of nitrogen production at costs far lower than through electrical energy. Mine wastes, it is contended, could be utilized more advantageously than electric current from water power in the production of nitrogen. The whole question is one which de- serves to be examined by a non- political commission of experts, a com- mission made up of engineers, chem- ists, financiers and economists, and a solution sought which would liquidate this huge public investment in a way to be of the greatest advantage to the public, without regard to the political fortunes of any man or set of men. D Completing a Good Record. Getting three bills yesterday in the course of the House session devoted to District business, the Capital commu- nity feels that it is in a fair way to close the record of the Sixty-eighth Congress with a goodly showing of local legislation. In view of the con- gestion on the.general calendar, and the conditions which prevail, as al- ways, at the close of the short ses- sion, the grist of measures pertaining to District welfare brought through this year is exceptionally large. At the outset of the session House Leader Longworth gave assurances that the District would have its full quota of time for the consideration of local mat- ters. The District committees of the two houses have been diligent in their work on local measures, and on the more important ones have col- laborated in joint conferences to the end of agreement upon their terms. The appropriations committees have likewise given sympathetic aid to se- cure for the District a maximum of constructive legislation. Yesterday's House session yielded three bills of importance, the traffic bill, that for the edoption of a five- year school building program and one for the definition of the jurisdiction of the Juvenile Court, @ measure made necessary by & court ruling which limited the scope of that court’s powers. Particular interest centers in the traffic and echool building bills. In passing the traffic bill the House made several amendments which must now be considered In conference. The number of additional policemen was increased from 100, as provided for in the Senate draft, to 200; the speed limit was cut from 30 to 22 miles an hour; mandatory jail sentences for “hit-and-run” offenders and for drivers who operate their cars while drunk, stricken from the bill in the Senate, were restored; the proposal to impound improperly parked motor cars was eliminated; the provision for an an- nual license charge upon drivers was cut out; certain highways were designated for arterial traffic, and some changes were made in the defini- tion of the status of the proposed di- rector of traffic. None of these is like- ly to cause a blockade of the legisla- tion. The conference should find a way of settlement that will lead to enactment. The new law is urgently required in the interest of public safety. The five-year building bill was passed without emendment, an effort to change it in a slight particular hav- ing been abandoned when it was point- ed out that any alteration might en- danger the measure for the session. In e spirit of accomplishment the House went ahead on this bill, and it is now ready for final Executive ap- proval. This marks the end of a long effort for the proper equipment of the District with schoolhouses. ‘With the five-year building program established as the basis of action, ap- propriations may follow with strict re- gard for a cumulative series of con- structions, to catch up on arrears and to give the community for the first time In its history a proper outfit. This measure, now finally passed by both houses, stands for an endeavor cover- ing a long period. It has been sought by school authorities and by the Com- missioners and by the people of the District during several sessions of Congress. It is obviously the only way to catch up. It must now be followed with appropriations on an equitable basis, to make the Capital a model in point of physical equipment for public education. ————— Political influence is now being in- vestigated from time to time to see whether, like art, it is in danger of being commercialized. ——————— Cases of statesmanship and finance do not prevent Paris from sending out her annual quota of frivolities and fashions. Bird Protection. Things are shaping themselves hopefully for protection of birds in the Western Hemisphere. Thé United States has taken the lead in this mat- ter; but our country was so long a laggard that we should not praise ourselves too much. Canada is with us in this matter, and now it is an- nounced that Mexico will offer every assistance within her power to assure success of the mission of a special lnpresenuuve whom the American THE EVENING STAR, to discuss the provisions of the pro- posed international agreement for the protection of migratory bird life. Meny species of birds that visit us, either to spend the Summer, to lay over for meals on their way to higher lati- tudes or to stop off just long enough to raise a family, spend the Winters in Mexico. Others go to Central Amer- fca, and some of the bird families which interest us in a sentimental way and work hard to help the. farmer save his crops frcm bugs prefer South America. Every bird to its own taste. The point is that we have done, and are still trying to do, a great deal toward protecting game birds, song birds, plumage birds and other use- ful-to-man birds, and once headed in this direction we are likely to keep on the way. If birds are given protection in their southern and northern homes, much progress will be made. Inter- national protection for birds on the American continent and the Caribbean Islands is indicated, and the sooner it is brought about the better pleased will be millions of Americans and the faster will proceed the humane and economic education of other millions of our people. B Constructive Legislation Needed. The situation in respect to bathing beaches for Washington remains cloud- ed and confused. The outgivings on the subject sug- gest that the immediate legislation in this matter will be wholly destructive and not in the least constructive; that the existing bathing beaches and the completed and unfinished bathing beach structures are both to be wiped out without any specific provision whatever for bathing beaches else- where than at the Tidal Basin; that none of the bathing beach appropria- tions are to be kept alive for expendi- ture on beaches in new locations, and that the only immediate appropria- tions contemplated are to enable the Government to tear down the bathing beach structures and facilities whick at large municipal expense have been built up, and which have been utilized by over 400,000 recorded bathers in a single season If the only reference to future bath- ing and swimming facilities for Wash- ingtonians—safe, comparatively sani- tary and Government-regulated—is to consist in the suggestion that the superintendent of buildings and grounds make a fresh start at the very beginning of bathing beach de- Velopment and apply for a deficiency appropriation for temporary facilities at some point or points undesignated we will have retrograded in the whole- some municipally-regulated use of the waters of the Potomac by Washing- tonians to a more primitive stage of bathing beach development than that painfully attained many years ago un- der the supervision of the District Commissioners. The Congress about to die is build- ing up for itself a wonderful record for constructive, progressive legisla- tion in the wise and wholesome de- velopment of the Capital City, making it more attractive, more healthful, safer in its streets and better equipped in its parks, its schools and its 1i- braries. This Congress ought not to leave any blot upon its record in the matter of relocation and continuous meintenance of the bathing beaches driven from the Tidal Basin. ——t—. The Chesapeake oyster has always been favored by bon vivants. Its posi- tive refusal to assoclate with germs heightens the esteem. —r————————— At the present moment the idea of a third party has so completely subsided that there is room in public attention for only one. ———————— Two questions refuse to be effaced from consideration; why the U. §. A. is building so few airplanes and why Japan is building so many. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Return. The birds and blossoms disappear Amid the wintry blast. But well we know the season drear Cannot forever last. Although, as has been said in rhyme, The parting gives us pain, We know that in the course of time They'll all be back again. When resignations fill the air And ducks are going Jame, We know the future will, somewhere, Renew the glad acclaim. In lecture, law and literature Their splendors we'll discern. Like birds and blossoms, we are sure They're going to return. A Strategic Silence, “You have been strangely silent of late.” “I have decided,” answered Senator Sorghum, “that tre people do not like a man to talk continuously. It's better to permit the impression that you are taking time off to do a little thinking.” Washington Anecdotes. We're told George Washington would speak— We hear it with regret— In language that was far from weak, Defying etiquette. And vyet, that “hatchet” yarn inane, ‘With compliment profuse— If that is what made George profane, He had a good excuse. Jud Tunkins says it's pleasant to meet a man who always pats you on the back and smiles. Only that ain't friendship. It's salesmanship. Too Much Mathematics. “How many miles do you get per gallon? “I've quit figuring,” sai@ Mr. Chug- gins. “Keeping tab on mileage, speed limits and the price of gas takes all the pleasure out of the trip.” . . Brief Influence. Oh, Ground Hog, when you spoke your mind, You brought a mighty thriil. In just a little while you'll find Your influence is nil. “You got to do mo’' dan be patient an’ industrious,” said Uncle Eben. “Dem is Satan’s mos' distinguishin’ quaMMes® L em WASHINGTON, D. C. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Pope's “Essay on Man,” written in 1732 and published the next year, remains today, as it was then, the greatest thing of its kind in English literature. Perhaps no other poem in any language, dealing with morals and philosophical conclusions, has held its place so steadily In the re- gard of the world. Thls has come about because of the perfection of the work. No matter what one may think of the rhymed couplet, in which Pope wrote, in his hands it came to perfection, and reached Its zenith in “An Essay on Man. The work was published anonomously at first, but, making a “hit,” was avowed by the author. Pope chose verse, and even rhyme, for two reasons, he declared in the preface written in the editlon of 1735. “The one will appear obvious,” he sald, “that principles, maxims, or precepts so written, both strike the reader more strikingly at first, and are more easily retained by him after- ward; the other may seem odd, but it is true. “I found T could express them more shortly this way than in prose itself; and nothing is more certain, than that much of the force, as well as grace of arguments or instruc- tions depends upon their concise- ness.” Many readers today imagine that a poet is a flowery sort of fellow, with a penchant for stringing words upon words, much as a woman strings beads upon a thread of silk. Yet all poets are not wordy. Pope was not. Indeed, he had a meticulous regard for conciseness which would have endeared him to the modern newspaper editor who holds that brevity is the acme of perfection. Yet, for all his regard for concise- ness, Pope took time and space enough to say what he wanted to say. How else can you say any- thing?\ i e “Having proposed to write some pieces on human life and manners, such as (to use my Lord Bacon's ex- pression), ‘Come home to men's busi- ness and bosoms,’ I thought it more satisfactory to begin with consider- ing man in the abstract, his nature and his state; since, to prove any moral duty, to enforce any moral precept, or to examine the perfection or imperfection of any creature what- soever, it is necessary firit to know what condition and relation it is placed in, and what is the proper end and purpose of its being.” Pope continued by saying that there are “not many certain truths in this world,” and in this he was undoubt- edly right. Even today, with the ad- vance of sclentific knowledge, the un- doubted truths are hard to find, as discoveries junk so many theories. If I could flatter myself that this essay has any merit,” Pope continued, realizing that it had much merit, “it is in steering betwixt the extremes of doctrines seemingly opposite, in passing over terms utterly unintel- ligible, and in forming a temperate, vet not inconsistent, and a sho yet not imperfect system of ethi A Swiss professor named Crousaz read a French translation of the es- say, and condemned it as “leading to infidelity.” The work was defended, however, by Warburton, who after- ward became the Bishop of Glouces- ter. Pope, it s said, was delighted at being vindicated from the suspiclon of having written agalnst revelation. Looked at from the vantage point of today, the “Essay on Man' strikes one as utterly harmless, and it is only by using one’s imagination that he is able to realize something of the discussfon it aroused in its day. * k% % “An Bssay on Man” is in four epi tles, the first dealing with the nature and state of man, with respect to the universe; the second, with the nature and state of man with respect to him- self, as an individual; the third, with respect to society, and the fourth, with respect to happiness. With respect of the universe, Pope says, we can judge only with regard to our own system, and that man is not to be deemed imperfect, but a be- ing suited to his place and rank in the creation. This is precious near the stating a belief in evolution, and for that rea- son I do not believe Willlam Jennings Bryan cares for Mr. Pope's “An Essay on Man.” ‘hen say mot man's imperfect, heaven in fault; rather, man's as perfect ought His knowledge measured to Lis state and place; His time a moment, and If to be perfect in a cerf What matters, soon or Iate, or here or there? The blest s as completely w0, As who began a thousand years ago. So Lucretius, in his “De Rerum Na- tura,” declared (as translated in couplets): The dead today is as completely so As he who died a thousand years ago. “Heaven from all creatures hides the book of fate,” Pope declares, con- tinuing: From brites what mes, from men what spirits now: Or who could suffer being here below ? There is a question, indeed! Cer- tainly much of the happiness in this our life does come about because of our inabllity to read the future, and to know what lies in wait for us of suffering and unhappiness. Where- fore it has always seemed to me an almost wicked thing for any one to consult a so-called “fortune teller,” or in any way to attempt to wrest from the future what the Creator has 50 kindly hid from us. The lamb thy riot dooms to bleed today, Had he thy reason, would he skip and play? Plensed to the last, be crops the flowry food, And licks the hand just raised to shed his blood. blindness to the future! kindly given, Tuat each may 8ll the circle marked " Heaven, Who sees with equal eye, as God of all, A hero perish, or & sparrow fall, Atoms of system into ruin hurled, Aud now a bubble burst and now & world. Pope then gets down to some teaching: in sphere, by Hope humbly theo, with trembling pinions Wait ‘the great teacher, Del and G it the g eacher, Death; and God What future bliss, He gires not thee to now. But gives that hope to be thy blessing now. Hope springs eternal in the human breast: Man never is, but always to be blest. So there you have read one of the most famous quotations in all the royal lineage of English literature! How many thousands upon thousands of men and women there are who have at one time or another quoted that line about “Hope springs eternal in the human breast,” without having the slightest idea where it came from! Many of them, if asked, would reply, “Oh, from Shakespeare, 1 guess.” They would guess wrong, though, for Alexander Pope, so crippled that he had to have some- body dress him, pulled that wise crack off for the edification of mil- lions yet unborn. It is hard to write about this essay without quoting it. Here is a picture of an Indian and his dog that is beautiful: Lo, the poor Indian, whose nntutored mind Sees God in clouds, or bears him In the wind; oul, proud science mever taught to the solar walk, or milky Yet simple nature to his hope has giv'n, Behind the cloud-topt hill, an bumbler heav'n Some safer world in depth of woods em- Some happier island in the watery waste, Where slaves once more their native land behold, No fiends torment, gold. To be contents his natural desire, He asks no angel's wing, no seraph's fire; But thinks. admitted to that equal sky, His faith(il dog shall bear him compasy. The bliss of man, Pope says, is not to act or think .beyond mankind. Who finds not Providence all good and wise, alike in what it gives, and what denles? . He ends the first epistie with the lines: All nature is but art, unknown to thee: All chance, direction, what thou canst ot see: Al discord, barmony not understood Al partial'evil, universal good ‘And, spite of pride, in erring Onetruth is clear, whatever i One may hgve to mull over that last line a long time before its meaning becomes clear to him. Do Christians thirst for Warren Case Provokes Debate On Extent of Senate Power Long delay by the Senate in acting upon the nomination by President Coolldge of Charles B. Warren to be Attorney General has aroused some interesting speculation on the part of editors of the country as to how far the Senate's power of ‘“advice and consent” and the President's pre- rogative of choosing his advisers in reality extend. Party lines are well dispensed with In the comment and Democratic newspapers in some in- stances are found supporting the President in his powers of nomi- nation. “From the beginnings of the Re- public,” says the Manchester Unio: (independent Republican) “the rel tionship between ‘the President and his cabinet has been universally re- garded as distinctively personal. in every action of a cabinet mdnister that act s, in effect, the act of the President, accomplished through the medium of the President's personal representative. Obviously, under such conditions, the President should be granted without objection or cavil, the right of choosing those who will represent him in such an important and vital capacity.” The New York Herald-Tribune (Republican) points out that “no cabinet nomination was rejected before 1834 or has been re- jected since 1§68. President Coolidge and his ad- ministration,” declares the Loss An- geles Times (independent Republi- can) “are directly responsible for the character and capacity of the pres dential appointments. For a nomi- nee for the cabinet or the Supreme Caurt to have to cool his heels in the corridors of the Senate committee rooms until the politicians are ready to quiz him about his qualifications is hardly less than an.insult.” Be- lief in the President’s right to make such appointments as he sees fit as well as in his ability to correct any errors made thereby, is expressed by the Minneapolis Tribune, (Repub- lican) thus: “President Coolidge call- ed for the resignation of one Attor- ney General when he thought the good of the service required. He doubtless would do the same thing in the case of Mr. Warren if the latter came into office and fafled to meet the test. In a general way he should have the same power to choose that he has to dismiss. In either instance the onus of responsibility rests on him.” . * Xk X ¥ The fight on Warren, according, to the Lansing State Journal (independ- ent), “ralses a very natural query as to what particular sense there is to the Senate being asked to confirm cabinet appointments.” The Journal adds: “The appointments are the President's individual responsibility. The Senate certainly carries no re- sponsibility for the actions of cabi- net officials.” In the opinion of the New York World: Nomination of a cabinet officer should be confirmed unless there is evidence of morel tur- pityde or legal disqualification on the part of the nominee. “Beyond these points the Senate ought not, in justice to the Executive or in justice to itself, to seek in any way to share the responsibility for the President's cabinet,” the World declares. “A tradition which has run over a century is in the balance,” declar the Canton News (Democratic), which pdds; “It has been en unwritten rul in the past that the President shall possess the power to name his own cabinet officers without the advice of the Senate. But the Constitution gives the latter body the power to ‘consent’ to such nominations as the President may make for cabinet positions. In these days when Senate authority not only s exercised by that legislative and ‘consenting’ body, and enlarged upon through the acquiring of such additional authority as some of our Senators may seize, even in deflance of the Colnstitution, events prove clearly that eventually something is going to transpire that will settle once and forever just how far the Senate can and should go, and the limitations of the exercise of its pow- er, constitutionally authorized and otherwise acquired. “It was never intended,” says the Lynchburg News (published by a Democratic Senator and former cabi- net officer), “that the Senate should have gqual power with the President in ‘selecting appointments, especially to his cabinet, but this a far differ- ent thing from saying, as some crit- fca of the Senate have said, that the Senate should recognize no re- sponsibility at all” While the Hart- ford Times (Democratic) belleves ‘general indorsement of the Presi- dent does not involve any theory that it is impossible for him to make a mistake in selecting an Individual for public service.” The Times con- cludes: “Mr. Coolidge’s certificate of character, received from the people, is not transferrable.” In the opinion of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch (independent), “an im- portant question of public policy is involved. Are there to be any real, vital standards for official prefer- ment? Must nominees for high ap- pointment meet any ethical require- ments? May a man, in the pursult of fortune, turn sharp corners and subsequently, with fortune won and ability estabilshed, be ellgible for of- ficlal distinction without inquiry or examination? Regardless of prac- tice, such a cynical philosophy is re- volting.” Would Exceed Blanton. An attempt to cut the lower House at Washington from 435 to 304 mem- bers was blocked at once when pre. sented by Representative Blanton of Texas. He was hooted from both sides, and surely his conduct was not what one might call clubby. The only thing he could have accomplished was to save the Government $1,000,000 a year and simplify legislation. To effect this 131 good and faithful Congressmen ‘would have had to give up their soft snaps and go back to work in the bil- liard halls or police courts. One Senator and two Representa- tives from a State, or even one Sena- tor for every four States and one Rep- resentative for every 5,000,000 people, would accomplish far more, with greater Intelligence and at less ex- pense, than the present unwieldy bodies of mediocre men. Still you can’t blame the Congress- men so much, they being only human. Try something of the kind In your own office or factory and see how popular it makes you.—Rockford Re- TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 24 1925. NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM G. M. GLIMPSES OF JAPAN AND FOR- MOSA. Harry A. Franck. The Century Co, TIDE MARKS, Harper & Bros. . Bound for the Far East, both of these travelers. The eyes of onc H. L. Tomlinson. fixed upon Japan, the heart of the other set upon the Spice Islands of Malaysia. Out from the Golden Gate Harry Franck steamed across the Pacific with never a loitering glan toward the siren isles that have within the near past cast their spell upon a host of O'Briens and Safroni- Middletons, upon even the good Dr. Traprock himself. A matter of clear business lay over there in Japan and upon this Harry Franck was fronted, the very spit and image of modern efficiency, armed against distracting blandishments of any sort whatever Mr. Tomlinson, in turn, setting his back against the London fogs, sailed out into the blue Mediterranean through Suez and down and around and up again toward the scented lure of the Moluccas. Only his dreams to beckon him, all the time in the world for their joyous pursuit. This is a good time to tell you that each of these wayfarers justified his own particular adventure, since each se- cured in full measure that which he set out to find. Mr. Franck came back with a packed budget of facts and impressions about the empire of Japan. Current facts, the most of these, but all of them rooted in enough of thelr own history to ac- count for their peculiarities of ap- pearance and growth. Well arranged | facts, too, contributing to clear por- trayals of the essential features of modern life among the Japanese. And Mr, Tomlinson also in good time came loafing along back in the joyous ease of spirit that one gets when he gives his dreams a chance in thi altogether too wide-awake world of consuming activity. And was that all? Just this overflow of soul as the output of the adventure? No solid Information about the Moluccas to pack away in our al- ready crammed kits of lhlngswlo-_bv known? Oh, plenty of information —solid, too, if that's what you are after. Remember, though, that the tree of knowledge was not the object of this man's pursuit. Rather was he out after himself, his oody merely following the trail of some of his visions and dreams. No other adventure whatever half so rich and fruitful, either,, as this particular kind of one may prove to be does prove to be in “Tide Mark Quite happily for vyou and m the two parts of this seemingly disparate pair come together here in a competent service to all of us who must travel by way of print. True, Harry Franck has within the past few years lost something of his vagabonding spirit. A serious loss, this, or would be were there not here and there a Tomlinson left to fill the places left vacant when Franck grew into & man of sub- stance and special responsibility. A wise man, that Kipling But that's another story! * kK X The clear freshness of Harry Franck's ount lies to a great extent in his record of personal travel throush the Formosan Islands to the south and through Hokkaido to the north—both regions less generally familiar than the much-observed and __ much-portrayed mainland of Japan. Within this north- ern island of Hokkaido are the remnants of the primitive Ainus, reduced to serf- dom more than a thousand years ago. Here in this island to the north a quite ‘American-aspect of life has been brought about through the co-operation of the climate and a shrewd governor, who in- vited over a group of American agri- cultural experts with machinery and seeds and trees for the promotion of their plans. “Today Hokkaido produces, for instance, an ample supply of Ameri- can apples for all Japan—and incoming travelers must hand over to courteous, but stern, customs officials the last rem- nants of this fruit in their possession, though a case of oranges or a month's supply of raisins pass duty free’” And here in this island “instead of rice flelds the rich, black soil is given over mainly to corn and potatoes, corn shocked as it is in the United States.” The alter- nating forests and flelds, patches of snow and beside them slowly greening flelds, look like America rather than like a part of Japan. “A rural American from our Northern States would have felt almost at home here.” This entire view of Hokkaldo you will find new and in- teresting, & fresh outlook upon an un- familiar part of Japan. And so to the south also the isiands of Formosa are portrayed In their distinctive features of native life overlaid with the veneer of Japanese convention and tradition. The story separates the coast fringe of Formosan civilization from the interior of the islands, where savage tribes etill hold to thelr primitive ways, clan fight- ing clan, with head-hunting a not yet outmoded method of warfare. Here are the flerce Taiyals to whom head-hunting is the most important and the most glorious thing in life. But, here, too, are forests of immense commercial impor- tance. So the story runs into an ac- count of the accommodations that the Japanese are making with the savages for the better ultimate exploitation of their territory. Just a slightly differ- ent version of the same old story. Throughout, this book is a business seizure of Japan—compact in form, di- rect in accounting—for the purpose of handing over in terms of common under- standing its salient features of indus- trial habit, of religious custom, of social and domestic practices, of traditional ceremony. /A spirited and deeply Inter- esting portrayal of the whole of Japan, with an_admirable emphasis upon its less familiar parts. % * % %k % Not easy to gather Mr. up in words. Tomlinson The spirit of anything is its elusive part. And this journey is about all spirit. To be sure, you are in the company of a real man who talks with you, and tries to tell you what it is that he is after. In the first place you are made aware that he is not go- ing to follow the usual trails of travel. If there is a world-famed object along the route—and there are many of these-—you may be sure that you are not going to catch even a glimpse of it. Instead, you will find yourself with him in some ramshackle contraption of a boat—having a name that not even re- motely suggests water craft to you— coasting shallow waters beside lands that look more like the ghosts of land than like the solld earth itself. And what & passion he has for the little rivers that lead through tangles into the heart of impassable jungles! And swinging vines threaten to hang you, or creeping ones to choke you. All sorts of stinging creatures come to welcome you. Leeches! It needs every manner of beauty and lure to offset those leeches that fasten upon one in a quite unendurable warmth of welcome. And the steam and the heat and the smells! And the odd groups of primitive huts! ‘And the occasional white man—oh, God knows what he could be doing there, unless living out some sentence! And the mountain climbing, which figura- tively, no less than literally, overtops the whole tormenting business. Yet with all the torture, and hardly a min- ute of ease, this is a gorgeous adven- ture. It is the man, vou know. He is living D to a thing that he wanted to That is the first point. Then he has the gift of seeing this savage beauty and the added gift of matching it with words. S0, you go along In a rapture of partaking in these unbelievable ad- ventures with the rich and untamed forces of life in & far and almost inac- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN Q. Are fairy stones explained in a natural way?—G. A. A. They are mineral hydrated iron- | aluminum silicate in the orthohombic system. They have a subvitreous to resinous luster and are brown or| black In color. The crystalline varieties are frequently cruciform, owing to twin- ing. The proper name for cuch stone is “saturolite,” which is a combinatios of two Greek words meaning ‘“cro ana “stone.” | il | Q. Was the White House completed | when Thomas Jefferson became Presi- dent?—M. A. The principal bullding was still in an unfinished state when Jefferson took possession. The principal stair- | way had not been built, and the East Room and some of the upstairs apart- had not been plastered. Q. What was the Pemberton disaster?—D. M A. On January 10, 1880, berton mill at Lawrence, Mass., ¢ lapsed and fire ued bout on hundred lives were last and several times that number of persons were injured. Q. Has when the States was B. A. During the panic of 1837 it was sald that there were times when the President could not always get his salary when due from the Treasury. | mil | the Pem- | 1- there ever. been a President of the Un not pald his salar: time G Q. When were the farmers of this country first organized on a national | basis?—M. L. T. | A. The first national agricultural| convention was held in. Washington | June 24, 1852, Delegates were pres- | ent from 22 States’ and the District of Columbia. Q. Has a first-term me ever| been elected Speaker of the House | after the original organization of that| body?—P. G. A. Henry Clay was chosen Speaker | of the House of Representatives upon entering that body in 1811 for his| first term, ! Q. When was the Irish invasion ur} Canada?—A. T. D | A. On June 1, 1866, about crossed into Canada from Buffalo in what was known as the Fenian raid on Canada. They were routed by the Canadian militia on the following day, losing heavily in prisoners and wounded, although few were killed. Q. What is the derivation of the| terms “Wop” and “Guinea"?—J. R. A. The word “Wop” is shorteded | from Wapparousa, a Sicilian localism | for a good-for-nothing fellow. An other term for the Itaiian is “Guinea It comes from the days when coun terfeit coins were brought to Eng- land on the boats sailing from Italy The men who issued the counterfe gold coins, English guineas, were called by the name of the coin and | gradually the British extended the name to all Itallans—but it is not resented as much as the term “Wop." Q. How are measured?—T. B, A. Wave lengths of radio comm nication are measured in meters, meaning a certain number’of meters radio wave lengths from trougk to trough of the waves | give One sent out from the transmitter. meter equals 39.37 inches. Q. Where is the largest sulphur mine in the world?—J. W. A. A definite statement cannot be made, since a mine which produces a |an experienced great deal of sulphur may be nearing exhaustion, no record have a mines ¢ gest production, Gulf deposit may 1 future. while a for great great future as »up new mine with production may The Sicilian have made the but the Texas oduce more in the Q. I long L A. A. The Fore underbrush tha the fire and the that has occur would indicate of a on woodsman Q. What obeys most strictly?—A ¢ A. A book on police &y that Finland has no pol and that the are law-abiding people eou its Q. Which is eat Britain Canada?—M. A. Commer value more impor commerci W ially, In er ngland than is C Among the countries constituting British Empire to the United volume of sea-bo equals that of Ca combined Q. Are protection fr A red cedar, i gards tightne from moths brushed and placed in the cedar will not d millers nor the lary Chests the voung Was Civil ndrew War had litary r E third man wour side, while Wa Q in the A Eastern n graphs at and was the the Union structions tracks Q. In comp and the Book dise Lost” A Browr from bl)r are ¢ long Hiad erpiece “Iljad.” adise Lost.’ carriers wspapers mail subscriptions for ne magaziness z A. Acoordin and regulatio not, either in others, directly any method whateve with or assist publishers or others, or furnish the names and addresses of patrons of th rvice, with or without compensa to 1= vidual or compa ept rs who are, under tl en- titled to them ough by co-operate person L or indirectly, o ion, ex to regt (It is certain that you puzzle daily over questions that we can answer for vou. You are confronted by problems, grave to you, which can be answercd easily by us. Our attention is directed chiefly to matters of fact. In matters legal, medical and financial we do not strictly professional advice, but even in these we can often smooth your way and provide the contact you need with technicians. Make a prac of asking us what you do not knou dress The Star Information Bu Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Twenty. first and C streets northwest. Inclo cents in stamps for a direct reply.) BACKGROUND OF EVENTS BY PAUL V. COLLINS. Shall Count Michael Karolvi, the first President of the Republic of Hungary after the revolution depos- ing the Hapsburg King Charles, be| permitted to discuss Hungarian pol- itics within the United States? Senator Hiram Johnson of Cali- fornia, the doughty irreconcilable opponent of the United States’ en- tering the League of Nations lest we became involved in the tanglefoot politics of the respective members of the world’s supergovernment, de- nounces the restrictions put by our State Department against “free speech,” and demands that the pad- lock be taken off the 1ips of the rev- olutionist Karolyl. The Senator be- lleves that we are not altogether hospitable so long as_we tell our vis- itor to keep his own national troubles to himself, or return to where those troubles belong. Yet the Californian is not an internationalist. * % ok x is admitted under special conditions. His wife, the Countess Karolyl, lies very ill with typhoid fover in a New York hospital, and all considerations of humane instincts move our Government to relax {ts rules against admitting potential disturbing elements in the person of Count Karolyl. Thousands of Hun- garians and thelr former allies, the Austrians, are divided in fierce par- tisanism against each other and any discussion of Hungarian politics might lead to dangerous possibilities. Some idea of the Hungarian spirit may be inferred from a response al- leged to have been made by the Countess Karolyl—she who now lies ill in New York—when in the height of the Karolyi power, a former in- timate friend appealed to her for in- formation as to what they should expect In the future program. The friend was of the aristocrats, as was indeed the Countess Karolyi before the days of the Karolyl revolution. This was the countess’ answer to her former intimate, according to E. Ashmead-Bartlett, the British his- toria: “In a few days we shall set up a guillotine and execute you all.” * %k ¥ ok The former aristocrat, Michael Kar- olyi, of the wealthiest family in Hungary, and one of the wealthiest in all Europe, was then the dictator of Hungary. The Emperor had been deposed and Hungary was separated from Austria. The proletariat were in power, the President Karolyi though wielding absolute power, to all outward appearances, was sur- rounded by direct representatives of Soviet Russia, so that he could not, if he would, urdertake to do aught contrary to the_will of Lenin. Kar- olyi therefore, always suspected of aristocratic leanings because of his own wealth and his former connec- tions, became an ultra-radical—a bol- shevist of the bolshevists—and his countess seemed but to express his own spirit of extreme radicalism when she dared threaten a return of the French reign of terror with the guillotine whereon they would execute all aristocracy. Never for one moment did Karolyl receive a caller without the presence of an agent of bolshevism_ at his side, to prompt or to spy. Yet he is a man of strong character, not a pliant tool. He has been characterized as the Kerensky of Hungary. * K K * Karolyi's administration was short- lived. It lasted less than five months, ending in April, 1919, and at no time had it the slightest sembiance of a republic. It was a revolutionary dic- tatorship—a form of government pos- sible only because the country was broken by the tragedy of the World War and torn by jealousies of fac- tion and class. Of Hungary's 10,000,- 000 populatian before the war she had lost a million, and when her “peace” came, it turned loose her army of a million men, unorganized for industry, unorganized for peace, Karolyi | outrages | throughout the nation the empire and the lowed. That arm tually demobilized; ply dissolved and scattered, beari their arms with them to their ho or to roaming bands of brigands * ok ok ok Then came the assassination the royalist, Premier Tisza against property chaos which fc was never ac- soldiery sim- of open lite and At Paris the allies were vacillating and diverting from Hungary vast territory, which was handed over to her neighbors, until the ancient kingdom retained only a third of the realm which had been hers for 1,000 years. new republ. had promised confiscation of the great estates and apportioning of the land to the proletariat. But most of that land was 1 occupied by the enemy, the Run ans and the Slavs, so that such a division of land was impossible. Even an election of the assembly impracticable while the encmy remain This brought discontent to the proletariat. Bolshevism would vest with no half-w measures. There was: bitter antagonism between the Semites and anti-Semites. At last, Karolyi, who had alienated his former aristoeratic friends, could no longer hold the confidence of his bolshevist support, which accused him of hav- ing sold out to the enemy. Lenin and Trotsky decreed that feudal Hungary must indeed be handed over unrestrainedly to bolshevism. x % According to certain writers, Kas rolyi, in desperation at the delay &nd alleged injustice of the allies at Paris, which had parceled out Hun- garian territory and permitted ene- mies to occupy even what was left, decided that he could bring the allies to a reckoning by threatening them with the danger of full bol- shevistic occupation According to these journalists, Karolyi connived with the unques« tionable agent of Lenin, Bela Kuhn, to take over the government and scare the world with the spread of extreme bolshevism. The alleged con- nivance not proved by later de~ velopments. Bela Kuhn succeeded Karolyi exactly as Lenin and Trot= had succeeded Kerensky in Rus- except that with Bela Kuhn eral of Karolyl's ministers remained in poger. If Karolyi had thought to bluff the allies at Paris into rallying to his support for fear of bolshevina he missed his calculations, and tme situation got away from him. Bela Kuhn lasted only about as long as had Karolyl—about five months. Then a counter-revolutionary cone spiracy attacked the Bela Kuhn treas- ury in the embassy at Vienna and captured an immense fund intended for use in spreading bolshevist propaganda. At about the same time . the entente powers ordered Bela Kuhn to cease his attacks upon the Czechs, who were invading Hungary. The allies accompanied that order with both threat and promise—thr of military support of the Czechs and promise that the Bela Kuhn bolshe- viki would be recognized in Hun- garian control if he complied. This promise became known to the counter-revolutionists, plotting fo the return of the Hapsburgs. Another member of the Karolyl family—a brothér of Michael—had set up & rival government at Szeged, which threat- ened Bela Kuhn, but it collapsed at about the sama time as did the bol- shevik regime—July 31, 1919. Bela. Kuhn then returned to Russia, where Lenin rewarded his efforts by making Him: Guvernor of the Crimes Since that fall of bolshevism, Hun- gary has been ruled by Admiral Horthy, who poses as regent, holding the power in trust for some roval claimant. But' for what king, since Emperor_ Francis Josef and King was Charles V are dead? No one imagines that Michael Karolyl's ambitions are dead, or that Hungary has seen the end of her revolutions. £Copyright, 1925, by Paul ¥, Collinad