Evening Star Newspaper, February 19, 1925, Page 4

THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 19 1925 PRESIDENT URGING PEACE PRAGTICES Refusal of Navy’s Request to Expand Seen to Presage Conference Call. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. President Coolldge's refusal of the special Navy board's requisition for light cruisers, heavy aircraft appro- priations and elevation of battleship ®uns springs from his wish to call an- other naval disarmement conference. The President wants the United States to be in position to say that this country has given a practical demonstration of its desire to curtail armaments. America led the way at the tirst Washington conference by an- nouncing at the outset her readiness to scrap great battles both built and building. She Invited the other naval powers to follow suit. They did so. Mr. Coolidge hopes and be- lieves that this is the hour for the United States to give another con- crete example of its anxiety for dis- armament. He wants America to practice what she preaches. While for the moment the Presi- dent’s project to invite the military and naval powers to a second Wash- ington conference is informal and tentative, American diplomatic ma- chinery is moving systematically to- ward u formal scheme. The same sort of “feelers” and “soundings” are tak- fgn place that preceded President Harding’s action in convening the first conference. For many weeks prior to July, 1821, when Secretary Hughes electrified America, Europe and Asia with an announcement of tue administration’s plans, our am- oassadors in London, Paris, Rome and Tokio were Inquiring “unofficiall whether a conference would be wel- come to the goverments in question. Mr. Coolidge delayed the provisional soundings which his ambassadors have been making unt there was some definite evidence that the pro- jected League of Nations disarma- ment, security and arbitration con- ference would or would not take place. This was to have been held under the celebrated “Geneva proto- :;:;‘x" at league headquarters in June, 925. League Hopes Fading. Within the past 30 days intimations were given in many capitals, notably Tokio and London, that faith in the possibility of the league conference was fading. The Japanese govern- ment was particularly skeptical about it. When Mr. Matsudalra, the new Nipponese Ambassador to the United States, sailed from Japan this week, the Tokio foreign office allowed it to e understood that his chief mission in Washington would be to persuade America once again to take the dis- armament lead. It is for all thess reasons that the Commander-in-Chief of the naval BATTLESHIP FAR AHEAD OF PLANE, SPECIAL BOARD TELLS PRESIDENT (Continued from First Page.) published and closely guarded report | campaign on the ordnance tests of the battle- ship Washingtor also is included in the findings of the board. Ths. conclusions of the board in brief are: That sea power is neces- sary to the commercial life and pros- perity of a natlon that is engaged in overseas commerce; that the suprem- acy of the battleship remains over apparent threats agalnst it; that the influence of aviation on naval warfare undoubtedly will increase in the fu- ture, but the prediction that it will sume paramount importance in sea warfare “will not be realized" the airplane is inherently limited In performance by physical law the airship has some valuable char- actoristics, but, due to great vulner- abillty, is of doubtful value In war; aircraft cannot operate from territory that 1s not controlled by the military or naval forces of their own country;: airplanes cannot occupy territory nor can they exercise control of the sew; within & distance of 250 miles from their bases or carrlers airplanes may constitute a serious threat to surface ships, land forces, cities and indus- trial centers, for the reason fhat they can transport heavy bombs of 2,000 pounds in weight at present, which may reach 4,000 pounds in the future: from the result of the tests on the battleship Washington “it cannot be said, therefore, that air attack has rendered the battleship obsolete”; aviation has taken its place as an ele- ment of the fleet and cannot be sep- arated from it; the separation of aviation from the Navy and its in- corporation in a separate department of the Government would be most in- jurious to the continued efficlency of the fleet in the performance of its mission; the development of com- mercial aviation in this country will prove of very great value to the Army and Navy by stimulating fur- ther development of aircraft and ex- panding the industry; crulsers are in- dispensable to the fleet in war for scouting and screening, attack on enemy commerce, defense of our com- merce, patrolling trade routes and participating in major engagments by operating against enemy light forces, as well as for many other dutfes; the destroyer 1s designed to use its tor- pedo against larger vessels and is of great value in the screen; the sub- marine’s radius of action and sur- face speed have been fo increased that it will be of great value in dis- tant scouting, mine laylng and of- rensive operations with the fleet, and finally ‘“our national policies are all defensive and are well known to the world. Forelgn powers are embarked on building programs designed to augument their fleets materially in types not limited by the treaty limiting naval arma- ment. As long as foreign powers continue such policy the United States is forced to do likewise.” Recommendations Made. The recommendations submitted by the board on the foregoing conclu- found by the board, which cites testi- mony that “in the Meuse-Argonne aircraft could operate les: than half the time on this account, and then comments: “It will be rare, indeed, when a modern battleship is prevented by wind and sea from using her main battery guns, and she can use her anti-aircraft guns in any weather in which she can see.” In analyzing the bombing experi- ments of the Army air service against the battleships New Jersey and Vir- ginia, In 1923, the board says the salient fa are as follows: Ships old and obsolete; no watertight sub- division; ideal weather; preliminary trial flights by attacking alrcraft; no ajrcraft defense; no pumps In service; low altitude of bombers and ships at anchor.” It then goes into detail about the Navy's experiments on the ‘Washington. Says Ship Not a Target. “Strictly speaking,” says the report, “the Washington was not a target, but a hull embodying the latest ideas of underwater construction, upon which was measured the destructive effect of both torpedo and bomb ex- plosions by actually placing the ex- plosive charges at such points of sub- mergence as would test the resistance of the hull.” “After suffering the explosion of three underwater bombs of the largest size and two torpedo explosions, also of the largest size, directly against the hull, with no repair of leaks and no pumps going,’ continues the re- port, “the Washington remained afloat four days, and was finally sunk by 14 hits of 14-inch shell fired at very oblique Impacts to obtain data with respect to penetration of ar- mor. The ship sunk two and three- quarter hours from the time the guns opened fire. “For the purposes of the test the ship was ballasted to draw 2513 feet and all watertight subdlvisions were completed up to the third deck. This deck, which was about five feet above the water line, was not watertight be- tween frames 57 and 103, a distance of 184 feet. The deck plating over both engine rooms was not in place and was only bolted down over the motor room. The third deck was open to all boiler rooms, motor rooms and machinery spaces. Alr-port openings were blanked. Both main condensers were installed. Five Bombs Exploded. “Five bombs were exploded. Three of these contained 1,000 pounds of explosive each and were detonated under water at the most effective depths and at distances from the ship's side well within the zone sur- rounding the ship which had hereto- fore been claimed as an area in which similar_explosions would destroy a ship. Two charges, cach amounting to the largest now carried by tor- pedoes, were detonated In contact Ivith the hull 13 feet below the water- ne. “The following is a summary of the report, setting forth the damage sus- talned by the ship after being sub- Jected to all five explosions: PRIVATE SOLVES AIRPLANE PROBLEM Finds Way to Start Motor Quickly After Night in Zero Weather. By the Asociated Press CAMP SKEEL, Oscoda, Mich, Feb- ruary 19.—If the Winter war maneu- vers of the 1st Army Pursuit Group now In progress here have taught the fiyers nothing else, they have at least revealed how a cold motor, that hall stood all night in zero temperature, can be started without undue delay. Pvt. Thomas J. Rodgers made the dis- covery yesterday Three hours were required to get the motors of the nine pursuit planes going prior to Tuesday's fight to the Straits of Mackinac. 1f such a delay ocourred in wartime, according to Maj. Thomas G. Lanphier, enemy planes could travel 500 miles over the American lines. Pvt. Rodgers solved the problem by quirting ether into the Intake stack from an ofl can. As he squirted the ether he capped the intake stack with a gloved hand. Meanwhile two me- chanics turned the starter crank. spinning the engine.. The gloyed hand regulated the air supply and kept & rich mixture flowing into the engine from the gasoline line, reinforced by frequent squirts from the ether can. Engines Surrender. The ice-cold engines snorted and balked as usual for a little while and then surrendered uncorfditionally to the ingenuity of Rodgers. Several of the engines were turning over three minutes after they were first crank- ed. All were humming at the end of 15 _minutes. Solution of this quick-starting problem in cold climates has been one of the things, officers here said, that have delayed plans for establishment of an aviation base in Alaska. Today's “war problem” calls upon the first pursult group to prevent | “ememy” aircraft of every type from crossing over the “American troops,” which are theoretically engaged all along the line between Standish and Traverse City In ‘battle” with the “enemy.” The Winter war maneuvers will end tomorrow, when all personnel, equipment and supplies will be trans- ferred by air back to the rail head at Selfridge Field. MUSSOLINI IMPROVES. Premier, I11 of Influenza. Spends Quiet Night—Sleeps 8 Hours. ROME, February 19.—Premier Mus- solini, who has been suffering from a slight attack of influenza, spent a quiet night and slept peacefully for elght hours, his physician, Dr. Giu- FVE ORCHESTRAS FORCAARITY BAL Program for the Inaugural Dance at Mayflower to Be Planned Tomorrow. The rausical program for the Char-: ity Inaugural ball to be held in the Mayflower Hotel on the night of March 4 will be definitely arranged tomorrow, whén the musical com- mittee will meet with Mrs. John Allan Dougherty, chairman of the ball committee, and the leaders of the famous orchestras that are to play at the fete. Mrs.” Laurence Townsend is chiir- man of the music committee and Mrs. George Ehle, vice chairman. Present ulso at the meeting will be Vincent Lopez, orchestras; the U i leader of the Lopez arles Benter, leader of ted States Navy Band, and W. Stannard, leader of th Unlted ates Army Band. Roger Wolf Kahn will not be able to attend, but he has sent his program by a special rep- resentative. Flood of Requests. The committee has been literally besieged Auring the past few weeks by personal calls, telephone messages and letters from young people throughout the country who expect to attend, asking that certain favorite dance numbers “please be played. To grant every such request the committee would have to arrange a program that would run well past breakiast time on March § All of these pleas, however, are to be taken into consideration and in view of the fact that there will be five orchestras In as many different ballrooms it is quite possible that one may select any kind of dance music he might prefer and be sure it would be found in one of the pro- grams, at least. The general idea of the program will be planned to meet such a situation. Never before in the history of Terpsichore, perhaps, has there been an equal to the sight that will await the guests of the Charity Inaugura! ball. Every effort is being directed toward muking the affair the out- standing dancing event of the century as well as the most brilliant social fete blase Washington has ever beheld. Tickets to Be Soid. The music, however, will not be limited to the swinging crash of the modern fox trot or the soothing mel- ody of the waltz. Before the dance program begins one of the orchestras will present a concert program. This program will begin at 9 o'clock and continue until 10, when the dancing will begin This afternoon” a group of debu- tantes will station themselves in the city’s banks and offer tickets to the bail for sale to the patrons of the banks. Sale of tickets in this manner TELLEGEN’S INFANT SON ENTERS MARRIAGE STORY Announcement of Wedding in 1923 Brings Out Further Fact That Actor Is Father. By the Associated Press. HOLLYWOOD, Calif., February 19.— Another actor strutted on the\stage of the Lou Tellegen marriage mys- tery yesterday. He was a prattling infant named Rexford Tellegen, who, in the absence of his father, stood by his mother in their Hollywood home while the told newspaper men how she, the former Mifs lsabel Craven Dilworth, conspired with her actor Husband to keep their Decem- ber, 1923, marriage a secret and to keep liktewise hidden from the public eyo the existence of little Rexford. Rexford, explained Mrs. Tellegen, who i known to the stage and screen as Nioa Ramono, was born in Jack- sonville, Fla. Now that the marriage secret is out, she added, and with it the news of Rexford’s advent into the family, the two establishments which Mr. and Mrs Tellcgen have veen maintaining since the wedding will Be consolidated into one, and they will live henceforth as a united family. GERMAN-RUMANIAN ROW SETTLEMENT HELD NEAR Peaceful Adjustment of Issues! Arising Out of War Occupation Expected by Both Sides. By the Associated Press. | BERLIN, February 19.—Peaceful settlement of the financial and eco- nomic_differences between Germany Rumania, growing out of the German occupation in 1917-18, w forecast today by she Rumanian leg: tion here. It was stated that an amicable adjustment was expected in a few duys Negotiations now are going on be- | tween Berlin and Bucharest. If, con- | trary to expectations, these discus- sions fail to effect a settlement of the issues, the good officem of the repara- tion commission probably will be in- voked, it was stated unofficially at the Rumanian legation and the Ger- man foreign office. PLANS RADIO_SETIONS. ;aml | 1 British Company to Erect Powerful Plants in Australia. ; MELBOURNE, Australia, February 19.—The Amalgamated Wirele: Co. of G t Britain shortly will begin the erection of powerful wireless sta- tions In Australia similar to those in | Canada. One of the proposed stations will handle traffic for Britain and Eu- rope through London direct, the other | {to work direct with Montreal and ! | handle the North American traffic. It | has not yet been decided whether the | stations “will be buflt at Sydney or | Melbourne | RIGHT USE OF FLAG ON MARCH 4 URGED D. A. R. Issues Pamphlet to Prevent Mistakes in Dis- playing Emblem. Concerted efforts are being made by patriotic societies, working In conjunction with the officiul commit- tees (n charge of the inauguration of President Coolidge next month, to prevent misuse of the American flag during the celebration. It has been pointed out that nearly every time there is a celebration here that culls for decorations and hunt- ing the people twist the National em- blem into all manner of shapes in thelr zeal to “dress up” Washington In its very best and most patriotic clothes. ‘Wrong Use of Flag. There are some distinctly right ways and just as many distinctly WrONg Ways to use the American flag. To acquaint the public with the right ways the Daughters of the American Revolution have fissued & pamphlet containing the following rules, which were adopted at the last National Flag Conference. If those who intend to decorate their buildings during the inaugural period will study these rules and fol- low them, they need not fear crit- ictsm and possible annoyance for mis- use of the flag. The rules follow: List of Rules Given. “1. The flag should be dispayed only from sunrise to sunset, or between such hours as may be desi ted by proper autbority. It should be dis- played on National and State hot- idays and on historic and special occasfons. The flag should always be Loisted briskly and lowered slowly and ceremonious! “2. When carried in a procession with another flag or flags, the flag of the United States of America should be either on the marching right, i. e., the flag’s own right, or when there is a line of other flags the flag of the United States of America may front of the center of that line. When displayed with another flag_ against a wall from crossed | stafts, the flag of the United States of | America should be on the right, the flag's own right, and its staff should be in front of the staff of the other flag. At Highest Point. “4. When a number of flags are grouped and displayed from staffs, the flag of the United States of America should be in the center or at the highest point of the group. 5. When flags of States or cities or | pennants of socleties are flown on the | the na- the same aalyard with the flag of United States of America, the tional flag should always be at be in | BARRYMORE’S “HAMLET BRINGS CROWD AT DAWN Great Interest Aroused in Loadon by American Actor's Ap- pearance Tonight. By the Associated Press. LONDON, February 19.—London critics were today sharpening quills for tonight's debut of John Barry- more, who invades the home of Shakespeare as “Hamiet” in the same theater—The Haymarket— where the famous Lionel Barrymore played 50 vears ago The coming of the distinguished American actor has aroused the greatest interest, and the stalls were #0ld out early, while in the small hours of the morning a long of old Shakespearean enthusiasts walited outside the theater for first chances at the pit and galleries The critice have been cautious their advance notices, being unwil | ing to comment prior to the uppear- ance of an actor whose “Hamlet” is admittedly a considerable departurs from the conventional portrayal f the melancholy Dane. But every one generally is anxious to compare his performance with that of the role as it was played by such famous stars s Irving, Benson and Forbes-Rob- ertson. line flat, whether indoors or out. When | displayed either horizontally or ver- | tically against a well, the union | should be uppermost and to the flag's own right—i. e, to the observer's le When displayed in a window it should be displayed the same way—that is, with the union or blue field to the left of the observer in the street When festoons, rosettes or drapings of blue, white and red are desired bunting should be used, but never | the flag. “9. When displayed over the mid | dle of the street, af between build | ings, the flag should be suspended | vertically with the union to the north in an east and west street or to the east in a north and south street. | Never as Drapery. “10. When used on a speaker’s plat form, the flag should be displayed above and behind the speaker. It should never be used to cover the | speaker's desk or to drape over the | front of the platform. If flown from a staft it should be on the speaker's right. “11. When used in unveiling a statue or monument, the flag should not be allowed to fall to the ground, but should be carried aloft to wave out forming a distinctive feature during the remainder of the ceremon “12. When flown at half-staff, the flag is hoisted to the peak for an in- stant and then lowercd to the half- | staft position; but before lowering the | flag for the day It is raised again to {the peak. By half-staff is meant | hauling down the flag to one-half the | distance between the top and the bot- tom of the taff. If local conditions | require, divergence from this position { is permissible. On Memortal day, May 130, the flag is displayed at half-staf | | | . N . vee! - vl v | ise until noon and -at full- it . fou “CAfter test N 3 seppe Bastionelll, stated this morn- | will continue through the week. It 2 ¢ s ce.|Pe8k. When flown from adjacent |from sunr : - forces of the republic—Calvin Cool-|slons are: “Battieships— Maintain | . After Bomby s ot -pound ua-{ jo T is belioved that such a method will ,,,I":,_:'cfl"f;‘: b - et | Ftaffs the flag of the United States | 8taff from noon until sunset—for th o She St isans with detes-| e teouiy aitemth; keey modern- Ll Sl TR B abour15sumed &1 e sald the premier’s condition was [ make |s possible for persons who | St €TeCtng & Thear txpe transmis | ,¢Uy0 orica should be hoisted first. | NAtion lives. and the flag is the sym- e e“h‘;;:“f""'i‘;‘v‘ori‘“:g "“F;- l[:!‘d lund:‘r the Eeatr apply, under| Outnoard ”p,”m““.;‘l‘f_""fl;“;';:);" much better than yesterday, and he | otherwise might not find time to get | g0 N0 TECCITNE siation In Bagland |, 435 or pennant should be ,,m,ed‘w. 1 of Y;\Ie hvi;x .\x;mx. R Sl ‘as made | the treaty, every device or change |yjo poRte | expected that he would be able to|to one of the ticket places to get | | above or to the right of the flag of | “13. Flags flown from fixed staffs y £ 5 s W pode: able of t vide -t > e o a cate publlc today. The b:oaarldbl:lfl:rf‘r:;n-bxfl- that will incresso efectivensss of|hotiom s s Joonsm Inner | leave his bed within & few days. but | their admission cards before the sun- | Shourt o tTitution “Switn’ Sauen | the United States of Aemrica—. e, to | are placed GRT AT RIS 1o indlcate - - | weapons; keep in high state of or- 5 4 > place be kept confined to his room to | ply Is exhaused. | i ¢ | the obsarver's lert. mourning. When the flag is aye tleships should be modernized—that | ganization and training. Cruisers, | UPtured. Leaks in inner bottom | ™Uust b D s | Africa, India and Australia. The erec- | r o e B e e = 3y . 3 2 ; avoid a relapse. Miss Natalle Hammond, chairman |pion ot reciomd fhus! 2 | 6. When flags o ftwo or more na-|on & small staff. as when carried in peconverted into oil-burners and|destroyer leaders and destroyers—|gonld have readily been stopped by |2Y = of the young ladies’ committee, on | bog Soyrn Koo miations In CANAda | ;g are dispiayed they should be|parade, mourning is indicated by at- ctherwise improved. President Cool- | Maintain a tonnage strength based | P'N5,PIUES and wedges. which there Is to be a representative |y connidiag this vear. T o © ‘| fown from separate staffs of the same | taching two streamers of black crepe idge say: ‘Modernize three of|on a 5-5-3 ratio. Fleet submarines— © Fhunage was noted above third | three aiming flights, then dropped a S OOTEINS e NN v e them.” The Navy board asked that seven of our oil-burning battleships “be modernized, as allowed by the Washington treaty"—that is, have thelr guns elevated to the level of certaln British battleships. Mr. Cool- idge says: “No.” The Navy board urged that eight 10,000-ton cruisers, already author- ized by Congress, “be built without delay.” Mr. Coolidge says: “Bulld two.” The Navy board calls for “a progressive and adequate airplane building program,” which would en- 1ail a total expenditure of $20,000,000 the first year. The President, after calm consideration of this ambitious program for building up the naval air force, utterly ignores it. He has made no recommendations whatever to Congress on that score. Makes No Haste. The Navy board asked that the completion of our two big aircraft carriers, the Lexington and Saratoga, “be expedited.” Mr. Coolidge goes no further than to recommend that con- struction “be continued.” H ignores the Navy board's requisition for the building of an alrcraft carrier of about 23,000 tons, to be “laid down without unneces. ry delay.” Instead of the $20,000,- 000 asked for the first year of an air- raft program, the President favors imply appropriating $3,000,000 for planes for the Lexington and Sara- toga, plus the $1,000,000 already al- lotted to this construction in the 1926 budget. The President lgnores the Navy hoard’s recommendation that three fleet submarines, already authorized, be,laid down during the fiscal year Thus Mr. Coolidge reveals two out- standing and separate policles in con- nectlon with the Navy board's report. He opposes them because he thinks that their execution would be incon- sistent with the call for another dis- armament conference. Then he ob- jects to them on account of the basis program to which his administra- tion ig committed, namely, economy, first, last and all the time, and econiomy all along the line. (Copyright, 1923.) HITS ‘PUBLICITY LIZARDS.’ Envoy Claims They Alone Protest- ed Naval Maneuvers. By the Associated Press. HONOLULU, — February 19.—The only persons who protested to Jef- ferson Caffery, counselor of the American embassy at Toklo, against the United States Navy maneuvers in Hawalian waters this Spring were “publicity lizards,” he declared here vesterday. The protests were received by Mr. Caffery while charge d'affaires at the embassy in the interval between the departure of former Ambassador Woods and the arrival in Tokid of Ambassador Bancroft. Mr. Caffery is en route to Wash- ington for a vacation. C. W. BRYAN A SPEEDER. Cop Says He Had to Make 72 Miles an Hour in Chase. PENSACOLA, Fla., February 19.—A traflic officer yesterday stopped the automobile of Charles W. Bryan, former Governor of Nebraska, and informed him that he was exceeding the speed limit. The officer declared in his official report that he had to ride his motor cycle at the rate of 32 miles an hour to overtake the Kebraskan. Mr. Bryan has been here a few days en route to visit his brother, Wil- liam Jennings Bryan. He left here yesterday. a —. { Seeks City Ship Line. PHILADELI’HIA, Pa., February 19. —Mayor Kendrick ~announced today that he had prepared a bill for intro- duction in the legislature to thor- ize the city to establish ateamshi service to other domestic or foreigi ports. The city would be permitted to acquire and operate vessels or have them operated with a guarantee “w open.‘torn against loss, ¢ Maintain a tonnage strength based on & 5-5-3 ratio. Aircraft carriers— Maintain at the strength allowed by treaty. Aircraft—Maintain in num- bers, in performance and in person- nel as required to insure a 5-5-3 ratio in naval air strength. Ten- ders and auxiliaries — Provide and malintain as required to support the combatant forces.” Against Alr Unity. Detailing its discussions of a sep- arate air force, the board says: “It is assaumed by some that because the Army operates on land and the Navy operates on the sea the air force can operate independently of either. It is believed that this sumption is fallacious. “Alrcraft, a comparatively new factor in warfare, were utilized on an enormous scale and with great effectiveness in the military opera- tions on all fronts, but were not utilized to anything like the same extent in naval warfare. Highly ex- travagant statements and predic- tions hate been made on this subject. It has been predicted that the future battles of the world will be fought in the air, but at present this fora- cast appears fanciful Declaring that the maximum per- formance claimed for an air force would be its ralds into the enemy country, the board believes it “illog- ical to elevate a force of such lim- ited offensive qualities to the im- portance of a separate service. Claims Discounted. “It has been’ claimed by certain witnesses who appeared before the board that a separate United States air force, if aided by submarines, could, by seizing bases at proper distances, carry on an offensive cam- paign against European or Aslatic powers,” continues the report. “While respecting _the professional abilities and opinions of such witnesses, the board {s unable to regard such claims seriously.” Experience, says the board, has demonstrated that neither the tor- pedo nor the mine has been able to achieve the role of the principal wea- pon in war. “With the information now available, it s reasonably cer- tain that the aérial bomb will also be unable to do so,” it declared. The battleship of the future, the board continues, “so far as can now be forescen, will, at most, be & modi- fication of the existing type.” Neither aircraft nor subsurface craft alone can control sea communication and protect commerce, it is added. Published photographs, “which show the fearful wreckage wrought by bombs dropped on battleships and which leave in the minds of the pub- lic the impression that the ship is a helpless hulk as & consequence of the bombardment,” says the board, are responsible for points outlined as to structure and effectiveness while damaged by explosions. “Of course,” continues the report, “a bomb might destroy a turret, and that would leave us but 75 per cent of the main bat- tery. The smokestacks may be shot away, with the result that the work of wome of the guns would be im- peded by smoke, but the boilers would function as before. The masts may be cut away, to the detriment of the fire control and communications, but we could still control the fire, less effectively, to be sure, but with a considerable degree of success. The. huge structure that is built above and around the armor, and which glves us our visual impression of a battleship, can all be demolished and we still have the primary attributes for which she was designed—still in existence and still capable of con- tinuing the battle.” Anti-Aircratt Gun Praised. The anti-afrcraft gun as a means of defense comes in for praise from the board, which declares: “It has been held by many that the best defense against aircraft is other air- craft, but the board beli ves that in defending =& battleship against air attack the antl-alrcraft gun, which is always ready for use, probably holds first place, an@ as it improves in design and skill in use it will in the end be found quite sufficient to insure reasonable security to a ship against bombing attack.” Fault with the ability of the air- plane to operate in all weather is 4 ‘ i deck. There would have been no loss of life, except possibly by men being washed overboard by water thrown on weather deck by the explosion. Test No. 2 Resulta. “‘After test No. 2 (2,000-pound un- derwater bomb) the damage was sim- lar to that caused by No. 1, but less severe and less in extent; probably more damage to ship's side, but less to bottom. List increased to 21 de- grees. “‘In engine room a bulkhead cast- ing was broken. Front brick work in boilers 5 and 7 was broken down— this brick work is not anchored. Main condensors not affected. “‘Test No. 3 (400-pound torpedo charge). During the night the list had increased. After third test list was for d to be about 5 degrees. * ‘Damage—Two outboard explosion | spaces flooded and one explosion spacé between longitudinal torpedo bulkheads 3 and 4 also flooded. Some front brick work of bollers 2, 4, 6 and 8 came down. This probably was cu- mulative from ether explosions. No apparent damage of third deck or above. *“‘For some reason this did not ap- pear to be a first-order explosior. Ship's List Reduced. “‘Test No. 4 (400-pound torpedo charge). List reduced from 5 to 3 de- grees. Five torpedo explosion spaces in wake of explosion were flooded. Double bottoms between frames 80 and 97 also flooded. Slight leak in boiler room No. 8 from double bottom and from butt in outboard bulkhead Where rivets had torn through. All could have been stopped by plugs and wedges and without these could read- ily have been handled by a bilge pump. All front brick work in boil- ers Nos. 4 and 6 came down. In no case did any side or back brick work come down. “'Test No. 5 (2,000-pound under- ‘Wwater bomb). The most violent of the bomb tests. Ship increased her list to starboard from 3 to 5 degrees. Dam- age similar to that caused by No. 1, but more severe and more extensive. Inner bottom mnowhere completely ruptured. * ‘After all five tests members of the board were able to get to inner bot- tom of ship and make all inspections necessary or desired. ‘At the end of these flve explosive tests, and after riding out a gale of wind for three days, the ship could have been towed to port. ‘Had a repair party, immediately after each explosion, used wooden plugs and wedges to stop minor leaks, the ship, without the use of pumps, would have remained practically on an even keel. A ship in commission would have no trouble in making port under her own steam after the five explosions. Doubt Loas of Life. ““There would have been few in- juries and practically no loss of life except from water thrown on weather decks by the explosions. Loss of ofl and water, water mix- ing with oil and ofls seeping through Weeping seams and rivets would have been serious annoyances, The ship withstood satisfactorily the five ex- plosions. Had there been time be- tween explosions, the ship could have continued in the battle line at re- duced speed. The general jar to the structure might throw gyro compass- es and fire control gear out of gear, but I doubt it, if they are placed well away from the ends Of the ship. The vibration at the end of the ship from the first explosion did not put out candles nor throw them down when stuck to the deck.’ Thicker Deck Needed. “A-test of the abllity of the protec- tive decks to keep out armor-plercing missels dropped from airplanes was made. A l4-inch shell, weighing 1,440 pounds was droppeA from a height of 4,000 feet point downward on the third armored deck. It failed to Denetrate the deck, but the result of the impact showed that such projec- tiles dropped from heights quite within those attainable by airplanes would have goné through. This dan- ger to a battleship must be met by thicker decks. It should be noted that notwithstanding the low ceiling at which the projectile was dropped, one plane made eight-attempts to deliver its blow and finally dropped & bomd which missed, the other plane made bomb on the fourth and made a hit." | The World War gave an enormous impetus to aviation and it sesumed an important role, continues the re- port. “The combats in the air and | the daring deeds of the aces fllled the imagination and there was & tendency to exaggerate the importance of air operations in bringing about the final iseua of the war. “The public imagination has been stirred by the recent flight around the world and conclusions have been drawn that are not warranted by facts. This | does not detract at all from the credit due to the individual flyers. Their grit and determination in the face of hard- ships and at times seemingly insur- mountable difficulti and their re- sourcefulness in caring for and repair- ing their materlal, are deserving of the highest praise and the board de- sires to record its full recognition of their splendid accomplishment. How- ever, the board cannot blind itself to the fact that no advance in the per- formance of aircraft was demonstrated beyond that of the NC-4 from New- foundland to the Azores and the Alcock- Brown flight from Newfoundland to Ireland, both made in 1819 The board is of the opinion that a definite policy should be adopted by the Navy Department, fixing the period of service in aviation, the duties with respect to their other naval duties and the numbers em- ployed. Aviation duty should be a part of an officers service, as is sub- marine duty. The report continues that testi- mony indicates the agitation for a department of aeronautics is due in a large measure to a feeling of un- rest among some of the pllots in both services, and that the causes of this unrest are: Unsatisfactory promotion from their point of view; a desire to be always under the command, from the top down, of practical flying of- ficers, and a belief that there exists a ldck of sympathy for them on the part of the senior officers of both Army and Navy. Evidence received on the subject of airships, continues the report, “shows that airships could not take any serl- ous part in the service of supply of a fleet or station.” The board is “aware that airplanes have taken off and at- tached themselves to airships in flight under favorable circumstances, but it is believed that this field of ac- tivity is very limited. TEN-TEN FOURTEENTH Make An Appointment —to visit La Java at dinner time. ® 48 served ol o ks ‘_ Dinner 6 to 9. Dancing to the Boern- stein La Java Orchestra, with Pete Macias, from 7to 9. @® {Club, James E. from each of the 48 States of Union, will complete appointment of her committee tomorrow morning and call the first meeting of the board for noon tomorrow in the Mayflower Hotel. a Misx Johnson Wins. In the judging of posters entered in the contest, held yesterday at the May- flower Hotel, Miss Nell Sewell John- son of 'th Portner Apartments, student at the Corcoran School of Art, captured the first prize of four tickets to the Charity Inaugural ball. Her poster was selected from among 40 others. Charles A. R. Dunn of the Arts Corey of 3320 Six- teenth street northwest and Miss Doris Walter of 1421 Columbia road won second, third and fourth places y They, too. received Honorable mention was accorded the following persons: Miss Mary C. Foley, 1218 Fairmont street’ northwest; G. Arthur Brodle, 2111 Fourteonth street northwest; Miss Elizabeth Kranauer, McKinley Manual Training High School, and Miss Emily Strother, Critcher-Hill School” of Art. Their offerings were selected in the order that their names appear above. Al of High Quality. All,0f the posters submitted were of such excellent character that the judges were at a loss for considera- ble time to pick the best ones. And even after-a number had been segre- gated, the experts found themselves in the dilemma of trying to deter- mine the single outstanding posters. The lot finally fell to Miss Johnson's the | ment in then fine selecting work in its execution. poster showed a couple, dressed after colonial fashion, dancing the old min- | her subject and Her uet. The color scheme was buff and Llue. These colors not only carried out the scheme arranged for this in- auguratidn, but her subject was most | timely, as every effort is being made to give the celebration in honor of | | President Coolidge a colonial touch. | All of the posters became the prop- of the Charity Inaugural ball committee and will be used for adver- tising purposes. They will be dis- tributed around prominent places in Washington and Baltimore, giving the ball a most distinctive form of advers tising. Each contains the inscription, in large letters, “Charity Inaugural Ball, Mayflower Hotel, -Washington, D. C., March 4, 1925.” Power of Attraction Ruled. The judges, three of whom represent- ed three Washington newspapers—the Post, the Times and the Star—worked in a room to which no one but the contestants members of the ball committee and the judges were ad- mitted. The selections were made by Arthur Musgrave, Alfred Klotz, Clif- ford K. Berryman, James Ring and Miss Ada Rainey. The posters were selected solely on their power of attraction. When the judging had been %ompleted the judges, all of whom are experienced artists themselves, pointed out to the students little errors and slips in their work. Some found that slight, mistakes had lost the prize to them work. and drew a most exacting lesson Miss Johnson showed good judg- ! from what they heard. oo% <% % o0 O o% 00 0% o% o 2 KD oo’ o ¢?‘:"0’_‘0"0"¢“:"0“"‘0"0":“:‘\”0"0”0' oo egeadeede 0“0“.:. 4@ SPECIALISTS IN~ PIANOLAS™ AND REPRODUCING PIANOS™: < < ©-J DeMOLL A EMMONS "3 SMITH .;. ° ‘° 30 < P Py X2 z Steinway and Weber Duo~-Art Pianolas - Victrolas - Asolian -Vocalions 0;. kY 3 kX : Special Sale of : .’. °e % Traded-In Instruments : ::: 3 Upright Pl:t"lol, :2: excellent condition. Your choice. ........ 6 Upright Pianos, all Standard makes. 2 Baby Grand Pianos, good condition. Your choice . ... .. 50 Phonographs, worth up to $125. Each 9 Upright Pianos, fine shape. Your choice 5 Player Pianos good condition. Each . .... Mason and Hamlin Upright Piano, Any of the Washington’s AEOLIAN HALL ~ Twelfth and G Streets A Easy Payments if Desired = o, . %89 *195 *350 %59 *145 245 g T > %o o o o oge 030 3043 K3 i %o % 2 %% %% K %048 <% 4% o0 o% P 000 $60 950 EgP 49 504" o o ' o 0% % K2 a 2> K3 " 9, l;ove old on %0 P %0 % % 4% o% o 190 oge s30 ol et atoadeede height and the flags should be of approximately equal size. (Interna- tional usage forblds the dispiay of the flag of one nation above that of an- other nation in time of peace.) “7. When the flag is displayed from a staff projecting horizontally or at an angle from the window sill, bal- cony or front of building, the union of the flag should go clear to the head of the staff unless the flag is at half staff. “S. When the flag s dlsplaved in a manner other than by from a staff, it should be displaved Artcraft The design c of imagination and unmistaking sense of style. The materials finest of softKid, of sturdy Calf or gorgeous Brocades, to suit the oc- casion which the shoe will grace. flattering in every line, details of finishing and trim immaculate, being flown | the of to the spear head, allowi | streamers to fall naturally | used on the flagstaft cnly by orde | the President. “When the flag is in such a condi- | tion that it is no longer a fitting em- blem for display it should not be cast aside or used in any way that might be viewed as disrespectful to the na- tional colors, but should be destroyed as a whole, privately, preferably by burning or by some other mecthod in harmony with the reverence and re- spect we owe to the emblem repre- senting our country.” omes first, born are chosen next, Thé last then. perfect. shoe is finished Only whcn the . is the price to be put upon it considered. No matter what the occasion or place, the woman whose shoes .come from ARTCRAFT is sure of distinction in d esign, exclusive- ness in style and superiority of maternal. JFortcraft Foctwear Fuc- Seymour J. Kramer, Pres. 1311 F St. ARTCRAFT Fits THE NARROW HEEL.