Evening Star Newspaper, November 22, 1924, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. . WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY...November 22, 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES. . ..Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Office: Tower Bulding. : 16 Regent St.,London, England. The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning #dition, s delivered by carriers within the ¢ity ‘at 60 cents per month: daily only. 45 €eats per month: Sunday oniy. 20 cents per month. Orders may be sent by mail or tele Dioe Maln 5000. Collection is made by car- Tiers at the end of each wonth. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday. .1 yr., §8.40; 1 mo., 70c | Dally only... $6.00: 1 mo. Sunday only $2.40; 1 mo,, 20c Al Other State | Dally and Sunda , $10.00; 1 mo., 8¢ | Daily only yr. $7.00: 1 mo. 80c | Sunday only .1yr., $3.00; 1 mo, 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press sclusively entitled fo the use for republication of all news dis. Atches credited to it or uot otherwise credited n_this paper and alko the local news pub iished hereln. Al rights of publication of Speclal dispatches herein are also reserved. = Police Methods. The grand jury is. by direction of Justice Siddons, to investigate charges that members of the District police force use harsh and brutal methods in the treatment of prisoners, and particularly in their examination while under accusation to elicit the circum- stances of the offenses with which | they are charged. In other words, | ‘what is known as the third degree is | under inquiry.. In his charge to the grand jury Justice Siddons carefully set forth that the police must pursue lawbreakers with vigor, else the city will be subject to a reign of terror.| The question is whether they are un- duly severe in their treatment of ac- cused persons. Instances of alleged police brutality | have been brought to attention from | time to time during recent month Persons arrested for trivial offenses, in | some instances, have, it is charged, | been roughly handled without wat | fense. | Detect! haps he is immediately sobered by his experience and remembers his obliga- tion and stops and gives aid to his victim or turns in his name to the one whose property has been injured by him. Or he is a coward and, fear- recklessness, hé speeds away hoping to escape detection. He has not learned even the lesson of responsibility. For the habitual rule breaker, the one who continually speeds and breaks the regulations, makes wrong turnings, cuts corners, crowds the pedestrians at crossings, fails to show signals, parks overtime knowingly, in short, the one who has no regard whatever for the law, there should be a rising scale of penalties. Perhaps the j&il alternative should come in very quickly in that scale, for it would seem that only imprisonment can effect a cure of this dangerous bad habit, For the coward speeder who drives away after a collision the maximum fine has now been Commissiorers to $500. The Commis. sioners caznot preseribe jail sen- tences. That is to be done only by statute. They will recommend. how- ever, such a punishment for this of- But for any penalty to be ef- fective the offender must be caught. This is somcwhat the same case as the law against concealed weapons. n is extremely difficult. This matter comes around to the point where it may well be asked whether in the streets of \\'uuhinghy) there are not too many irresponsible drivers, who have been licensed with- out sufficient precaution to insure rule observance, The bonding proposition commends itself as one ‘way of rid- ding the streets of drivers who have no disposition to observe the law, who are financially incompetent to dis- charge obligations entailed through the results of their carelessness and who are physically incompetent to drive safely and who therefore have no right to licenses. JERE S — Russian' Treaties Repudiated. The first act of the new British government in the field of foreign re- lations is the rejection of the treaties with Russia negotiated by the Mac- rant. The police trial board has in- | Guired into some of these cases and | where the allegations have been | proved the policemen guilty of bru-| tality have been punished. t long | ago the Supreme Court of the United | States reversed a verdict in a capital | case on the ground that inquisitorial | methods have been used by the police | to extort confessions and evidence | from accused and witnesses. Other cases have arisen within a short time. The question therefore demands at- tention, and the inquiry by the grand Jury is doubtless the best means of | ascertaining whether the practices of the Police Department or the individ- ual members are such as to call for repudiation and correction. A policeman has a dual responsibil- ity—he must enforce the law and at the same time he must respect the | rights of those who are merely ac- cused and who are not proved guilty. In making an arrest he is required, first of all, to secure his prisoner. He | must be alert to prevent dangerous resistance. He must protect his own lite. But he must use judgment, keep his temper and use only such means @s are necessary to subdue a re- fractory capiive. Infliction of unnec essary injury upon him is reprehens ble and reflects upon the efliciency as well as the judgment of the police- man. In the investigation and preparation of cases for trial the inquisition known @s the third degree, which consists of intensive examination in secret, has been generally condemned throughout this country as unfair and as actually calculated to defeat the true ends of justice. The Supreme Court has for- mally denounced this practice in the Wan case. It is, therefore, under the ban of the law. The present question 18 whether it is still pursued. The grand jury should not go into old cases, but should confine itself to an inquiry into the present methods em- ‘ployed by the police to ascertain the facts. ——— . The decision ~zgarding Representa- tive Hill's hard cider does not go far enough to restore eggnog as a fea- ture of holiday cheer for the Mary- land epicure. e Since it was considered necessary to shoot up the Washington, Uncle Sam will at least have the satisfaction of doing it himsclf. e Learning the Lesson. Judge Schuldt, whose articles on the traffic question recently printed . The Star have <hed a valuable light on this moss wmportant and diffi- cult problem, shows the wisdom of Solomon in his judgments in the raffic Court. This was attested when " idhree schoolboys charged with speed- fng were brought before him. They feonfessed their guilt, but had no funds wherewith to pay their fines. ‘Thereupon the judge commanded them to write at his dictation the regulations flxing the speed limits. Fach was required then to copy these | rules 50 times. When they left the wourtroom under ‘“personal bonds™ | jghey were unanimous in their pledge ibenceforth to obey the rule in letter .and in spirit. There are some traflic violators to whom this treatment is effective. Fhere are some who need to be arrest- | led only once and to forfejt collateral _or to pay a fine in a single instance %o learn that rules are written for | obedfence and are framed for the pro- “tection of Comparatively few of ‘them offend anew. Then there are others who look . upon the rules as jokes, or as imposi- ' “tions upon their liberties. They break | them at every opportunity, whenever . they think they are unobserved. They | irejoice in “getting by” with breaches Jof the law, They get more satisfac- tion out of a successful sprint against ithe regylations than in“the full solu- “tien of a cross-word puzzle. If one of these rule breakers hits person or another machine he re- himself as “out of luck.” Per- then he realizes tardily that the rule was made foc his protection. Per- | & i Donald ministr§. There were two of these agreements, one of a general na- ture and one commercial, which was signed on the Sth of August last, after four months of confel Neither treaty was to be effective until ratified by Parliament. Their negotiation caused a storm of protest, which was one of the factors in the overthrow of the Labor ministry. Just on the eve of the election the text of a letter attributed to Zinovieff. one of the Soviet leaders, was made public in London, the terms_of which caused great indignation, inasmuch as it was practically a threat against Great Britain. Authenticity of the letter was denied in Russia. It was denounced as a forgery. Now the British government formally declares the letter to be gen- uine in a note accompanying that in which the rejection of the treatles is announced. The terms of both com- { munications are direct and explicit. The British government cuts all re- lations. There is no attempt to soften asperities. The negotiation of the treaties is repudiated, and the letter, declared genuine despite the Moscow protest, is stamped as an affront. In normal circumstances such ac- tion as this would be tantamount to a breach leading to war. The Soviet is virtually accused of falsificatién in the claim that the Zinovieff letter was a forgery. Repudiation of the treaties is not in itself a hostile act, but the manner of the repudiation is signifi- cant. The treaties have not been sub- mitted to Parliament, ratification of which was an essential to effective- ness. They have been peremptorily rejected by the ministry without sub- mission. Doubtless the Soviet will act. It can only, however, take its revenge by threatening to carry the bolshevik in- fluence into British possessions in the t. That has already been hinted. Evidently the ministry at London is willing to take that chance. Certainly there was sufficient warrant in the election just held for this complete severance of relations with the Soviet government. —r——————— A little doubt arises whether Sena- tor La Follette will insist on regard- ing his recemt campaign as having founded a new party, or be content to accept it as @ guod publicity prelude to an autoblography. v Perhaps the chief objection to a quiet inauguration lies in the fact that the American people, like the most of mankind, enjoy an occasional period of general rejoicing. — e The story of the German flyer whose sister became the bride of the Ameri- can ace who shot him would make a plot for a play—if people just now were writing that kind of plays. Foot Ball. This foot ball Saturday dawned gloomy, and throughout the forenoon there were a dismal sky and rain. The early forecast by the Weather Bureau was “Clearing in the morning, folowed by fair and cooler in the aft- ernoon.” There is hope in that. Though the principal local college teams are abroad, Georgetown at New Orleans, George Washington at Buf- falo, Gallaudet at Philadelphia and Catholic University at New York, the Atlantic Fleet and All-Infantry teams, will play the ancient game at Ameri- can League Park. To the victor will go the President's cup. The Presi- dent and Mrs. Coolidge are to see the game, the first half from the Navy side and the second half from the Army side. ‘Washington grows as a foot ball city, and Army and Navy teams are becoming familiar here. The first of the big developments along this line was last year, when the team of the Marine East Coast Expéditionary Force and the Army team of the 3d Corps Area met in the home grena, and when the Devildogs beat the Doughboys by @ small score in the last minute of play. For two or three years the Marines have been coming up to Washington from Quan- tico to meet ‘the Georgetown eleven, nd the Marines were here this Fail. ing to face the consequences of his| increased by the | { ernment emplo: THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTO The Blue and Gray went gloriously to defeat. Then the Marines and the Fort Benning team played here, and the Soldiers almost joined In the chorus of ‘The Halls of Montezuma." Today the Atlantic Fleet and the All- Infantry teams meet at the ball park. It is believed that the annual Marine- Army, game of the East will be played alternately at Washington and Bal- timore, and sentiment in favor of hav- ing the annual West Point-Annapolis game played here each year, or'every other year, is growing. ————— . Indian Summer. Courage is needed to venture upon such a dangerous subject as a defini- tion of Indian Summer, but upon authority deserving of respect this is that celebrated season. It is admitted that during the luscious weeks of September, October and early Novem- ber, when the trees were rich in colored leaves and shirt sleeves wer still in order, many citizens gayly said: This is Indian Summer.” But it needs an expert to know Indian Sum- mer. It is easy to make a mistake on this subject. There is no almanac to guide, and the Weather Bureau looks on the matter as a treacherous thing. The genial weeks of early Autumn were all that one could ask | of even so good a climate as Wash- ington's, but they were not Indian Summer. Persons who have lived long in the Potomac Valley, and who have also learned something about it, insist that there is a nice distinction between Squaw Winter and Indian Summer. The warm and gorgeous weather that follows the first hard frosts at night s Squaw Winter. Many of the de- ciduous trees still hold their leaves, though the reds are merging into brown and the leaves cof gold are tarnished. Many of the Fall flowers, the asters, goldenrods and scores of genera and species of Autumn com- positae try to keep their heads up- right, but they droop disconsolately and are saying their farewells to the world. But that weather is not In- dian Summer. It is Squaw Winter. Then comes a freezing spell. People put on mittens and weave mufflers around the neck. Husbands, but more often twives, hand the furnaces the pabulum on which they feed. Then the weather turns mild and mellow. The days are genial, and so full of haze that the air seems sunbeams fall soft and very slanting und the trees are leafless, Tt is Indian | Summer. —_——————— One of the most serlous complaints against income tax publicity is the amount of extra labor it causes Gov- s who are already pretty hard worl In declining to make many speeches Gov. Bryan qualified as an expert in that line of efficiency which avoids wasted energy. —————— Wall Street is enjoying a boom in stocks which many farmers would have regarded with suspicion had Mr. Davis been elected. Spanish agitators are endeavoring to convey the impression that King Alfonso is cultivating most of his popula in Paris instead of Madrid. The disarmament movement also presents its problems of distribution. s SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Elevating Influence. Of deities the names T know Who flourished centuries ago. I've picked up scientific terms That range from starry spheres to germs.., I turn from histories and hymns And grab a book of synonyms While eagerly I try to trace A word to fit a certain space. 1 do not ask for proverbs neat Nor poetry with rhymes complete. A single word just now I find Enough to occupy my mind While striving at an age mature An education to secure On lines of interest intense That cannot give the least offense. As 1 pursue the puzzle prize, I'm growing good as well as wire; My expletives I have to quit Because they’re words that do not fit. Commaercialized Rhetoric. “Do you think cid-fashioned oratory will become popular again?” “Not soon,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “People have gotten an idea that an eloquent, persuasive speech doesn’t sound as much like statesman- ship as it does like salesmanship.” 9 Business Outlook. The stock exchange quotes prices high That must come down as time goes by. The prices safe from all descent Are those attached to coal and rent. Jud Tunkins says a man who tells you to laugh at your troubles may mean well, but he never inspires much respect for his sense of humor. A Brief Consolation. As at the station house he stood in line ‘They heard the weary flivverist re- mark, While the police are figuring up my fine, At least T'll have a place outside to park.” Professional Caution. “What makes you suspect that Mesa Bl is a bootlegger?” “All of a sudden,” answered Cactus Joe, “he quits the convivial crowd, an’ seems to think. it necessary fur him to keep absolutely sober all the time.” Unsatisfaction. In warm July I uged to vow The world was very much too hot. 1 wished a chill would strike it. And yet I rather doubt, just now, As frost comes hovering 'round the spot, If I am going to like it. “I admires economy,” said Uncle Eben, “but I has lost my ‘preciation of de gemman dat gives me a tip on de hosses 'stid of de customary 'two bits.” Sorrow and fury were mixed in his eyes. Now that is a bad combination. If just the former is there, a man can be handled easlly, but let ire get mixed in, he Is more formidable. “I have lost my dog.” he said. Sym- pathy being expressed, he continued, and “then the reason for the evil light was seen. “Somebody poisoned him.” he said, quietly enough, but more than a trace of fury lingered in his tone, as he went ‘on to use language which would not look good in print. Yet it was entirely justified. The man who polsons a dog about the lowest breed of the human family. He is even below the so-called evangelist who desecrates with slang the dignified, sweet story of Jesus and His love “Why not bury Spot in your back yard and then put up a big sign over his grave?’ 1 asked. “What shall 1 put on he asked. My idea lows: the sign?” for such a marker fol- Here Lies SPOT. I'ought Square and in the Open, Unlike the Yellow Sneaking Coward Who Poisoned Him. x x ok x All those who love dogs ought to make it a point to read Maurice Maeterlinek’s essay, “Our Friend the Dog,” contained in the volume en- titled 'he Double Garden.” Maecterlinck is the whipped cream of literature. For steady, everyday reading he is unthinkable, but for now-and-then consumption his es- ¥s have a flavor entirely their own. A steady diet of whipped cream, ft must be admitted, would be some- thing to cloy the taste of the most unmerciful punisher of delicacies. Maeterlinck is like that. He can be read only in pleasant doses “I have lost, within thesc days, a_little bulldog,” he begins. “He had just completed the sixth month of his brief existence. He had no history. His intelligent eyes opened to look out upon the world, to love mankind, then closed again on the cruel secrets of death.’ Thus begins this first essay in the volume, published by Dodd, Mead & Company in 1904, the old book which we are reviewing today. ur Friend the Dog" is a good sample of the en- Who few terlinck’s essays. The translation, by Alexander Teix- eira de Mattos, seems to give the lic to the oft-repeated statement that no translation can be as good as the original. The essa in colorful, rhythmical English phrased that it naturally falls into better “free verse” than most of the verse libre jone reads Pelleas was the name of Maeter- linck’s dog. which came to an un- timely end through distemper, rather than through the poisoner. “He was beautiful after the man- ner of a beautiful natural monster that has complied strictly with the laws of its species.” Surely this an adequate, description of a bulldog, especially a well bred Boston, whose marvelous ugliness is in fact beauti- ful. Maeterlinck tells must go through. “For this thank less and rather sad head.” he says, “was beginning the overwheiming work that oppresses every brain at the start of life. He had, in less than five or six weeks, to get into his mind, taking shhpe within it. an image and a satisfactory conception of the universe. Man, aided by all the knowledge of his own elders and his brothers, takes 30 or 40 yvears to outline that conception, but the hum- ble dog has to unravel it for him- self in a few days. . So it becomes a question of dis- { covering that fire warms at a dis- tance, but hurts at close range; that there is no use in trying to chase cats up trees; that the kitchen is the most agreeable place in the divine dwelling; ‘that certain things can or cannot be done. Do vou ever curse barking in the night? ber: “There is the great ancestral duty. the essential duty, stronger than death, which not even man's will and anger are able to check. All our humble history, linked with that of the dog in our first struggles against every breathing thing, tends to pre- vent his forgetting it. And when, in our safer dwelling places of today. hat the puppy your dog for Then remem- Rarely has a foreign diplomat won such a place as Jules J. Jusserand holds in the affections and respect of the American people. This Ambassa- dor of France and dean of the dipl matic corps in Washington retires after a quarter of a century of splen- did service. An idea of his unique position and record may be gained from the cordial and appreciative tributes of the American press. Jusserand has been more than an ambassador, declares the Providence Journal. “He has been as much of an American as any foreign diplomat could possibly be and still be true to his own country's interests. He was a comrade of President Roosevelt. He entered into the spirit of Ameri- can life, as typified by that super- American, whole-heartedly. President Taft found his company exceedingly congenial. President Wilson was in- debted to him for wise counsel in the trying days’of the war.” The Spring- field Union also thinks he has been more than & mere agent, because “he has been the courier between the old Latin culture and the newer Ameri- can civilization; he has performed the functions that we expect of the exchange professors sent from this country to Europe and from Europe to this country,” and in this way “he has brought, with the'intimacy that he has enjoyed here, a point of view that has been invigorating, expansive and provocative.” Seeking an explanation of why he has become endeared to the whole people as no other diplomat of alien tongue, the New York Times says: “This has been due, in part, to his scholarly attainments in English. It is due In an even greater degree to the charm and sensitive strength of his personality, which has illustrated to America the best and highest in- tellectual and esthetic qualities of the French. They could not have had a better representative here, espe- cially during the trying days of the war, when he met every situation with a decision that was prompt in doing the right thing and a tact that did it in the right way, both because of his own perfect sense of honor and propriety and because of his ability to understand the mind of our peo- ple.” * ok k¥ Many came and went, but Jusserand remained, and this was not because there were no difficulties, remarks the Louisville Courier-Journal, which re- calls: “During the period of Amer- neutrality Jusserand’'s was no easy position. The Gallic fire in him may haye burned, but to all appear- ances he was calm. Where excess of patriotic zeal caused othe: called, Jusserand was considerate of America’s position, and his perfect tact won the day and added more friends to the veteran diplomat. His long service is noteworthy, his suc- cess notable. When he leaves he will By CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. tire collection, and also of all MaX] is | Press of Nation Regrets Retirement of Jusserand| C., SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1924 THIS, AND THAT we happen to punish him for his untimely zeal, he throws us a glance of astonished reproach, as though to point out to us that we are in the wrong. and that, if we lose sight of the main clause of the treaty of alliance which he made with us the time when we lived in cave: forests and fens, he continues faith- ful to it in spite of us and remains nearer to the eternal truth of life, which is full of snares and hostile forces.” * k% % But Pelleas did not have time to garner all his knowledge. “An ill of a mysterious character, which seems speclally to punish the only animal that succeeds in leaving the circle In which it is born——came to put an end to the destiny and the happy education of Pelleas. And now all those efforts to achieve a little more light; all that ardor in loving, that courage in understand- ing; all that affectionate gayety and innocent fawning; all those kind and devoted looks, which turned to man to ask for his assistance against un- just death: © all those flickering gleams which came from the' pro- found abyss of a world that is no longer ours; all those nearly -human litle habits lie sadly in the cold ground. under a flowering elder tree, in a corner of the garden.” Man loves the dog, Maeterlinck continues, “but how much more ought he to love it if he considered in the inflexible hurmony of the laws of nature. the sole ex reption, which is' that love of a being that suc- ceeds in piercing, in order to draw closer to us, the partitions, every elsewhere. impermeable, that sepa- rate the species'™ We are absolutely alone on this planet, he declares, and amid*all the forms of life that surround us, pot one, excepting the dog, has made an alliance with us. He points to the “uncertain and craven horse” the “passive and dejected a: " the ox and the affrighted sheep, the hen, the cat, “to whom we are nothing mor, than a too large and uneatable prey. If these were given the intelligence aad weapons to conquer us, he con- tinues, even the good cow would in- spire him with but a wary confidence, "A‘s for the hen, with her round, quick eye, as when discovering a slug or @ worm, I am sure that she would devour me without a thought.” The dog, however. is the one ani- mal that has:escaped from its steel- bound circle to come bounding to- wWod us, “He is, before all, our creatu™ of gratitude.” Then we Jome to the climax. | phrased so poetically that I will put| it in that form mal | pre-eminent Enviable amomg all | Me is the only liviug being that has Vnur.rll and recognises indubitable. tangible. unexceptionable, | Snd"detinite g i Xnows fo What fo devote the best part of | himself. | to whom above him Sive hmaelt not o seek for & perfect Superior and_infinite power dnrkness. amid. e Ti3 pothesex and drean That power is there. before him, And lie moves in itk ght Hie knows the supreme dities we all 4o not know & morality which surpasses ail 1s able to d xcover in himself, e "o Without séruple In the asive lies that . e possesses truth in its fullness He bas & cortain and infiuite Ideal. Maeterlinck remembers Pelleas as he looked just a few days before his death. He was happs with the happineas which we, erhupu. Shall never knosw, Since It sprang from the smile and the ap- ocomparably b He wap there, study| Al my look And_he replied to them As from_equal to 1 her than his own. drinking in transformed He kpew that he was sa¥ing fo me All that love should say And, when 1 saw him thus, Young, ardent and believing. Bringing me, in some wise, from the depth of | Unwearied Dature, Quite fresh news of life And trustipg and wonder struck, As though he had been the first of his race | that came to inaugurate the esrih. And as though we were still in the first dazs of the world's existe 1 enyied the gladness of his certainty, T Compared 1t with the destiny of man, | Still plunging on every side 1 Tnto darkness | And said to myself that the dog Who meets with a good master | Is the happler of the two. i be remembered in diplomatic circles as an outstanding diplomat of his “He has come to be a friend, like one of the family, and his long. journ with us has made an indelible impression,” adds the New York World, which hopes that in his retire- ment he will find time to write the memolrs of his American embassy. be- cause “he has been the companion of the most imposing American figures of a generation, and with his keen but kindly penetration, and his fine literary talent, he can thus leave us 4 souvenir of his stay that will be a monument to Franco-American friend- ship and a valuable aid to future his- torians.” “If the good will of his American friends could accomplish the result,” the Omaha World-Herald is certain “Jules Jusserand would return home to find election to the French Acad- emy awaiting. him as the climax to his distinguished diplomatic and lit- erary career.” The Grand Rapids Herald agrees that “he deserves no less of his country, but he also de- serves much from the United States, for in serving his own country by maintaining _a _continuing _secure friendship with Washington he also served us-—his reward is to be regret in America that he is leaving and gratitude that he remained so long with us.” * K ok ok In recent years, the Manchester Union explains, the Ambassador's “task has been a difficult one in view of the French foreign policy which at all times has not met the approval of tae American public, and the fact that he has been able ‘to malintain French influence here is proof of the high regard in which he has been held by the American public.” During trying diplomatic periods, adds the her daughter, | sufterea { ) it ravels, s Ao ! | thinly The Library Table BY THE BOOKLOVER “Herole Literary Invalids” might be made the subject of several vol- umes in a hero library—volumes which would have great ethical and pedagogical as well as literary value. From blind Homer down to Kath- erine Mansfield, who died a year ago, there have been many herolc literary spirits who, having the creative power and inspired by love of creation, have compelled frail bodles to be subservient to courageous, dominant minds. Alexander Pope, though he permitted his deformity and conse- quent suffering to sour his dispos! tion, did not permit them to interfere with his being the leading poet and poetic dictator of his age. Dr. John- son was afflicted during most of his life with two or three incurable dis- eases, but he produced his clever dic- tionary, wrote his “Lives of the Poets” and, best of all, talked enough on all sorts of subjects in Boswell's hearing to enable the perfect biog- rapher to write “The Life of Dr. Johnson.”. The man Robert Louis Stevenson, with his unfalling courage and optimism unden slowly Kkilling disease, seems to the reader of Sir Sldney Colvin's “Life of Stevenson” as great as the romanticist Steven- son, author of “Treasure Island,” “Kidnaped” and “David Balfour.” Saint-Gaudens’ beautiful relief of Ste- venson in St. Giles' Church, Edin- burgh, which shows the long, gaunt figure propped up in bed writing, is a tribute to the heroism of the lit- erary invalid. Anton Chekov, one of the greatest of Russian dramatists, fought for years the same disease which was Stevenson's life enemy, and fought with equal courage, if with less cheerfulne: Like Steven- son, he died at the age of 44, but during the years when he was strug- gling with poverty and illness in the harsh climate of Moscow, and later while in search of health in a villa on the Black Sea, he produced his masterpieces of Russian realism in fiction and drama. On the shore of the Black Sea Tolstol and Gorki were his neighbors, both also seek- ing health; they won the coveted prize, but Chekov lost. * K X ¥ Literary invalids among women have been as heroic as men. Mrs. Browning wrote some of her finest lyrics during the long period when she was bedridden in a darkened room. When her love for Robert Browning finally enabled her both to conquer her physical weakness and to oppose her devoted but tyrannical fa ther, so that she secretly left home and married Browning, better health the result for a time, but she al- ways thought and wrote with the handicap of invalidism. The Eronte sisters, Charlotte, Emily and Anne, were of delicate physique from the start and were deprived of any mental stimulus by their lonely life on the bleak Yorkshire moors. Yet they conquered their physical weakness and relleved the depression caused by their gloomy surroundings by writing their novels and poems during the short lives that were thelrs. Mrs. Humphry Ward lived into the 60s, but her recently published “Life” by Janet Penrose Tre- shows that almost from the beginning of her literary work she trom severe neuritls and later from persistent insomnia and an internal trouble which caused fre. velyan, vented walking. When her exhaus tion and pain were greatest her rela- tives and friends used to suggest a cessation of her writing, but she her- self never considered this as a pos- «ibility. She would write lying down, or in a reclining chair, and on a sp clally constructed writing board, but write she would. pain or no pain, sleep or no sleep. Katherine Mansfield, whose premature death cut off one of t most original and promising of Brit- ish short story writers, while travel- g about or resting in sunny climates in the attempt to check tuberculosis wrote her stories, so perfect in sim- plicity and compression, included in the collections “The Garden Fart; and “The Dove's Nest.” X Arthur Machen, whose chief work was done in the last decade of the nineteenth century, and who has recent Iy been rediscovered or, indeed, dix covered for the first time, tells of his own first attempts in literature in the veiled fiction, “The Hill of Dreams.” In the preface he speaks of the moderate success he had en- joved from “The Three Impostors,” a by the sneers of the critics, who pointed out that he was an imitator of Stevenson. This imitation, he ad- mitted, and set himself to avold in his next work, which the publisher to whom he offered it pronounced en- | tirely lacking in interest and devoid of merit. His struggles to perfect his style and to write the subtle rather than the obvious are described in the story of the life of Julian Taylor, the chief character of “The Hill of Dreams,” who ends in insanity and suicide. A measure of success came late to Arthur Machen, but popularity he has never achieved, probably never will achieve and would scorn if he did achieve it. There are those, however, today among the literateurs who claim that they discovered and ap- preciated Arthur Machen a quarter of 2 century ago. A late work of Ar- thur Machen has recently been pub- lished called “Ornaments in Jade.” It is a book difficult to place, neither fiction, essays nor poetry, but some- thing of all three. It partakes of the Celtic mysticism, passionate nature worship and morbid introspection of his earlier work. The central idea seems to be that all things are holy if seen right, but that man is always a Jekyll-Hyde personality. He says “And every day we lead two lives, an the half of our soul is madness, and half of heaven is lit by a black sun. I say 1 am a man, but who Is the other who hides in me?" * ok ok % “Leaves From the Golden Bough,” culled by Lady Frazer and consisting of popular selections from her hus- band’s famous book, has recemtly Leen published. These selections degl with the beliefs and oustoms of primitive peoples in different varts of the world. There are chapters on “The Witches' Sabbath,” “The Were- Wolves,” “Binding the Wind," “Christ- mas and the Mistletoe,” “The Jinnee of the Sea,” “The Propitiation of Dead Whales,” “Kings of Fire and Water” and many other quaint cus- toms and legends. * ¥ ok X Sherwood Anderson: believes that there is mno country in the world where people are so sentimental about books and education .as they are in the United States. In “A Story Teller's Story,” his autobiography, he writes of the education fetish and | Dayton News, %Jules Jusserand met every demand made upon him by his own government, nor is there record that in his relationships with our officials he has at any time brought about him censure for his conduct in office,” .therefore “it is natural that so successful a record should com- mend itself to the American people.” To have remained in such an impo tant post through all the vicissitudes of a quarter of a century that in- cludes the World War, the Davenport Democrat holds, “is a record as re- markable as as it unique.” The Boston Transcript considers “by such a man is a great nation truly well served in its foreign rela- tions; friends are made for the coyn- try that sends such a friend.” If dip- lomatic intercourse had always been conducted by men of his character, the Columbus Dispatch is confident “the average level of comity and good will among nations would have stood higher than history records 1t.” tells of his own self-education as fol- lows: “Not that we read the books or really care about the education. Not we, What we do is to own books and g0 to colleges, and I have known more than one young man without money to work his way patiently through college without paying much attention to what colleges are pre- sumed to teach. We own books, put them on our shelves and go to the movie: * ok k% An excellent serles of guides to the best paintings in all the European éalleries is “New Guides to Old Mas- ters,” by John C. Van Dyke. Each small volume contains terse critical notes ‘on individual pictures. The volumes cover Rome, Madrid, Brus- sels, Antwerp, Munich, Cassel, London, en, enna, buamVu ‘Milan, Amster- dam, The , Haarlem and Paris. three | quent pain and at_times almost pre- | success which was embittered for him ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. At what hours is Mount Ver- non open?—J. E. K. Mount Vernon is now open from 10 a.m. to 4 pm.; no admi the grounds is allowed after .m. The Saturday hours are 10 am. to § p.m.; no admission to the grounds after 4:15 p.m. In Summer the grounds are open from 9 am. to 5:30 p.m. on all week days, and no ad- mission to the grounds is allowed after 4:45 p.m. No visitors are admit- ted on Sundays. Q. In what condition are the Dis- trict boundary stones at the present time?—W. C. D. A. According to a survey published in the records of the Columbia His- torical Soclety, the condition of the stones is: Very good, 3; good, 5; fair, 16; bad, 9; stumps only, 3; lost, 3; in place, but invisible, 2. Q. Are women ever given the third-degree? How did the practice originate?—A. R. A. There is no law preventing the administration of the “third-degrce’ to women. In cities where this sys- tem s prevalent it is appiied to men and women equall It is not pos sible to say definitely when the cus- tom originated. Various forms of torture for the purpose of extracting confessions have been employed from very early times in history. In America, after the Revolutionary War, a number of criminals and sus- pects were subjected to various kinds of Inquisition. The practice has con- tinued in this country. Q. at a smaller cost”—W. A. 1t costs about $1 to build them, or about apiece. Since they were experiments the cost was high. They would be replaced for about cents a cubic foot. Could the ZR ships be replaced cubie foot 0,006 Q. Why do astronomers elaim that Mars Is ‘older than the earth:—IL A. The Naval Observatory says the belief {s commonly held among as- tronomers that Mars is an older planet than the earth. The old theory of the origin of the solar system, called the nebular hypothesis, was first proposed by Laplace. a hundred or mofe vears ago. According to his view, the sun was once so large that 1it extended as far as the orhit gf i?\'wumu In the process of shrink- ing to its present size, it left bits | of itself behind, each of which be-| came a planet; so that the farther ou a planet is, the older it is. How~ | e€ver, there are many astronomers who do not accept this theory; sev- eral different theories are now given to explain the origin of the solar eystem Q. Would bacon lose cured without the hide? A. If the rind or hide were removed, and the clear meat put into the smokehouse, the heat in the smoke- house is such that the weight of the meat would pull the picce of bacon out of shape and lose most of its at- tractiveness. its shape if V. G. E Q. What year di run for the preside A. Horace Greeley dent on the Lil Democratic party runing mate was Benjamin Brown, and he was opposed by U. S Grant and Senator Henry Wilson of Massachusetts on the Republican ticket. Horace Greeley ey ?—L. M, ran for ral Republic Presi- “the wedding ring of R 'wedding ring of England” is the ruby ring, which forms a part of the King's coronation insignia {1t is made of pure gold. At the back is a large violet ruby marked with a cross of St. George and encircled by 26 diamonds. Q. Ts there a bird known as the soli- taire?—J. F. H A. The solitaire was a dodo-like bird, now extinct, that was peculiar to the Istand of Rodreguez, in the Indian Ocean. In America the name is given to certain fiy-catching thrushes found | the fiela of in Jamaica and other West Indian is- | President Harding used to like to say that Mrs. Harding—his “Duchess,” as he invariably called her— s “the politician of the family.” Florence Kiing Harding loved politics and made no bones about playing it. Her life ambition was to see her hero- husband a great character. From the time s { manager, adver general factotum on the Marion Daily Star 30-odd years ago, Mrs. Hard- ing’s hopes, dreams and energies were concentrated on “Warren.” Often, he confessed, he would have fled from the heart burnings and dis- enchantments of politics except for the influence she brought to bear upon him. This observer was gitting alone with Senator Harding in a compart- ment of his private car on the way back to Marion after his farewell campaign speech (at Columbus) in 1820. Mrs. Harding had come in for a moment and left again. T never could have put this thing acros sald Harding. feelingly, “except for the Duchess.” Op her counsel. as edi- tor, Senator and President, he never ceased to lean. * % Herbert Hoover's announcement that he has no intention of retiring from the Coolidge cabinet revives the perennial talk of his presidential ambitions. It goes without saving that Hoover would not be a candidate in 1928 it President Coolidge should | aspire to a second full term. But if the road to the Republican nomina- tion is wide open, Hoover's friends are certain to put his hat in the ring. The California situation is vastly dif- ferent than it was in 1920, when Hoover, then a novice in politics, was bowled over in his own State by Hi- ram Johnson, Today Johnson's sun has set. He would undoubtedly op- pose, but could hardly again frus- trate, any aspirations Hoover might cherish. The Secretary of Commerce will be only 54 years old in 1928. With elght years of cabinet service and California at his back, he will be a factor to be reckoned with, if he cares to be. * ¥ ko * Senator Thomas J. Walsh of Mon- tana, though associated in the public mind exclusively with that Western Commonwealth, is a Wisconsin man by birth, early environment and edu- cation. He was graduated from the University of Wisconsin in 1884, only five vears after “Bob” La Follette got his degree there. On his way back to Washington for the approaching session ' of Congress, Senator Walsh visited his native heath of Two Rivers, Wis, after an absence of many years. In his 'teens in Two Rivers and when his father was city clerk, “little Tom" Walsh™ was the village lamp lighter. His job was not only to turn on the gas as dark approached, but once or twice a week to mount a ladder and polish the globes. One of the reunions held in Two Rivers in the Senator's honor was a meeting of the “Centennlal base ball team.” which he captained, and the surviving members of which, like himself, are now In the sexa- genarlan class. * ok k¥ Gen. Pershing revealed a bit of unrecorded war history at a welcome- homé dinner in his honor in New York the other night. He told his lands. One species is found in the Western United States. It is about 8 inches long. of ashen color and is a superb singer. The name “solitaire” fa derived from its habit of hiding in =oli- tary depths of the forest Q. How can fur collars be cleaned at home?—M. L. A. Fur collars can rubbing thoroughly soaked in gasoline. Afterward give £00d rubbing with warm cornmeal; brush well and hang in the air, but not in the sun. The fur will be clean and stand up like new. be cleaned by with cornmeal Q. What is the origin of the term “Falence” used in speaking of por- celain?—P, W. T. A. ience” came into use when the Italians of Faenza introduced the nufacture of this variety of porce- at Nevers in the sixteenth cen- In our colonial days what was “ordinary”?—0. W. This term was applied an to an Are there many mineral re- ces in Japan?—P. G. A. The mineral resources of Japan are extensive and valuable. Gold iiver, copper, lead, iron and Iphir are among the valua eral resources found in that country Q sou Q. Which city ward is the largest in the United States?—A. P. O, A. The twenty-seventh ward, in Chicago, has this digtinction, cover ing more than 20 squarc miles and having a larger population than either Wyoming or Nevada How great a pressurc will inches thick stand?—W. B. L. A. Sound ice of this thickness will bear a pressure of 1,000 pounds per uare foot ice Q 10 ‘hat is the origin of the expree- ombe”?—C. E. R. . This word, meaning empty talk, o poin speechmaking, has_ its origi in the name of a county in North Care lina, and came about in this wise “Years ago, in Congress, thc member from this district arose to address th House, without extraordina powers, in matter or manner, to intere: the audience. Many members left th hall. Very naively he told those who remained that they might go, too; he ehould speak for some time, but he was Iking for Bu £ that the specch would be printed Jistributed back honc Can stars ba seen by the naked e g broad daylight, on a fair day 1 is standing at the bottom smokestack 161 feet in height” 1. A. The Naval Observatory saye that guch of the brightest stars as come within the field of visiop as seen from the bottom of this smokestack should be ble to the naked eve in daylight provided t the sun is not very near Q. When were lotteries first heard of V. M. O. A. The earliest lotters of which ar authoritative record exists was co ducted in Bruges in 1446. In 1530 a Ic tery with meney prizes is recorded Florence Long before th time lot- teries were held in Rome as a form amusement, Nero having given such prizes as houses and slaves. Q. Would it be poison to cattle and horses to brand them with a copper or brass branding iron?—H. T. T. A. The Bureau of Animal Industry says that using a copper or brass branding iron will not polson the an!- malis. (Take advantage of the free informa- tion bureaw which this newspaper main- tains. If there is @ question you want axswered don't hesitate to use this scri- ice. All replies are sent direct to the inquiver. Address The Star Information Bureax, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Twenty-Krst and C streets morthwest Inclose 2 cents in stamps for return Postage. )e WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. hosts that when he and his staff of fifty-seven sailed for France in June, 1917, they had no idea they would be followed by an army of a couple of million doughboys. Pershing and his officers embarked literally upon a wholly unchartered course. They didn’t know how long the war was going to how big an army Uncle Sam would have to mobilize, or when he could get it ready. But Pershinz and his staff put in busy days and sleepless nights aboard the Baltic, and. as events developed, the fundamental plans there worked out proved to be the ones under which the American expeditionary forces a year later vic- torfously operated t Washington on the evening of De- cember 6 is going fo be the scene of a festivity that will typify the best ide 6f American sportsmanship. The Notre Dame Club of the District of Columbia, on the occasion of its first annual dinner, has decided to make “Bill” Roper of Philadelphia, renown- ed Princeton foot ball coach, its prin- cipal guest of honor. Now, the “Fighting Irish” have trimmed the Tiger's claws on no fewer than two successive occasions—in 1923 and 1924—and in his own lair, at that But in recognition of the fact that after Princeton's first defeat Roper invited the Westerners to play & re- turn game the next yvear, Notre Dame men want to turn their jollification into an appreciation of Roper besides The Tiger chieftain practices law and sits in the common council of Philadelphia when he's not training gridiron heroes at Princeton. PR Jules Jusserand, retiring Ambassa- dor of France, does not expect tc leave Washington until January. H will In that month have practically completed 22 full years of diplomatic service in the United States, his cre- dentials having been presented to President Roosevelt on February 1903. Learned societies, clvic or- ganizations and universities in vari- ous parts of the country are shower- ing M. Jusserand with invitations to accept farwell entertainment. A crop of new honorary degrees will prob- ably be added to those he already holds from Chicago, Columbla, Har- vard, New York, Temple, Princeton, State of New York, Yale, George Washington and Washington univer- sities. Jusserand once was president of the American Historical Society. It is one of the organizations sure to extend him distinguished parting honors, * kK k¥ Senator Pat Harrison's recantation on the subject of publicity for in- come tax returns is one of the out- standing signs of the time in Wash- ington. _The Mississippian’s action is blg With significance. It means that the Southern Democrats, who dominate the minority in both Houses of Congress, have tired of their flirtatious flilng with radicalism and are ready to return to the straight and narrow path of regu- lar Democratic doctrfne. With the disasters of 1920 and 1924 before them, and their reminder that only Democrats of the Cleveland and Wil- son type wera successful presidential candidates, Remocratic leaders aro thinking fast and furfously. Harri- son’s pronouncement indicates that they have seen ths light. (Copyrizht, 1924.)