Evening Star Newspaper, September 7, 1924, Page 11

" ENGLAND PRAISES PREMIER'S STAND Considers League Prestige Increased by Presence of MacDonald and Herriot. BY A. G 3y Radio to The Star. :ptember 6.—The visit ie Minister MacDonald _and Premier Herriot to Geneva has been the event of the week. This is the first occaston on which prime min- asters of leading states have been present at the league assembly, and the fact has already enhanced the prestige of the league enormously. The importance of the incident is increased by the known attitude of MacDonald and Herriot toward the Jeague. This consideration was em- Dhasized by Col. E. M. House, with whom the writer lunched Thursday, on the eve of his departure for the United States. Col. House has been in Europe for some months closely studying the situation and he has been in intimate contact with the leading statesmen of England, France and Germany. He takes a cheerful view of the prospects of the league, especially in view of the fact that England and France for the first time now are represented by premiers who wre profoundly inspired by the spirit of the league as offering the onl means of securing stable reconstruc tion of the I an system ngland. speech is univer- acknowledged here as a most impressive deliverance. His rhetori- cal method follows continental tra- dition much more than the informal English style and is peculiarly calcu- iated to make an appeal to a cosmo- volitan audience. His action in re- fusing to indorse the treaty of mu- tual assistance created much disap- pointment in league circles, but his strong declaration in favor of arbi- tration has been welcomed with great enthuslasm and his emphatic proposal for inclusion of Germany and Rus- sia is strongly approved. The writer understands the effect of Mr. MacDonald's speech in Germany was remarkable and it is expected that with this encouragement Ger- will make application for ad- sion to the league. Apart from the favorable develop- ment_in the main Turopean situa- RDINER. | simistic words the wind of optimism | that has blown throughout the world i\‘mt'« the close of | would attempt to hide under vague! | tablished by MOSLEM PARLEY PLANNED ‘Will Consider Decision of Caliphate Question in 1825. CAIRO, September 6 (Jewish Tele- graphic Agency).—A Moslem world con. gress will be held herc March, 192 according to a decision of the Moslem supreme council. The purpose of the congress will be to make a decision concerning the caliphate question and the claim to the caliphate of King Hussein of the Hedjaz. A number of transjordanian notables, who were exiled from there, left today for Hedjaz on a steamer sent for that purpose by King Hussein. MDONALD POLICY HELD DANGEROUS French Statesman Sees No Hope in Arbitration With- out Securities. BY ANDRE TARDIET. By Radio to The St PARIS, September 6.—No man of £ood will would try to still with pes- the London con- ference and the opening of the p of the League of no man of good ent assembly ons. But faith | phrases the extreme gravity of the! speech _pronounced Thursday at| Geneva by Prime Minister Machonald. Let us leave out of consideration | those unfortunate phrases which pro- duced the most alarm at the moment, such as a remark about Upper Silesia, which Mr. MacDonald himsel{ later rectified somewhat embarrasedly. But his whole thesis of peace, security and arbitration in its critical as well as its constructive parts, many Frenchmen regard as a tangle of con- tradictions and traps. Founded on Treaties. Mr. MacDonald denies that arma- ments or treaties have ever created security and he concludes that to create it we must have something new which he calls compulsory arb tration. But the French view is t this very arbitration principle is c ENBRACES SOV IDEAL T0 SAVE LIFE Boris Savinkoff, Chameleon- Like Radical, First Im- periled by Czar. BY MAXIMILIAN HARDEN. By Radio to The Star. BERLIN, September 6.—Boris Savin- koff, whom the Bolshevists, in limht- ning like and quite un-Russian tempo, arrested, accused and condemned to Aeath, has escaped execution for a third time by a halrbreadth. As a student, he and his brother, inspired by youthful zeal for freedom and re- form of the state, were dragged to Siberia by the Czar's hangmen, their father was plunged into privation and insanity and the family's quiet and happiness destroyed. The elder brother killed himself. Boris escaped the gallows in the last hour, joined the subterranean rebel army, participated in plots under the leadership of Azeff, who was later un- masked as a police py, was arrested and again escaped the death penalty. From Paris he sent to Russia, under the name of Roptshin, mnovels and romances dealing with the question if and when terror and rule by force are morally justified. Axks Ethics of Killing. One of his terrorists asks fate whether one may kill. He concludes that it is permitted in war upon order and also if demanded by the people’s -interests, for the sake of freedom, or by party platform. But war and commands serve only as the base for greed or even baser senti- ments, platform and orders of party come perhaps from some agent provoc- ateur who orders killing done In order to prevent himself from being un- masked. Roptshin-Savinkoff lets godless- ness contend against religion, indig- nant reason against pious love of humanity, and seems to answer his main question with the statement that one may either kill always or never; any third alternative is non- sense. Savinkoff did not see his homeland again until after Czar Nicholas was dethroned. He became minister of war in Kerensky's cab- | inet, disappeared in the last minute before Lenin's final victory, and be- treaty, and who shall say that this treaty will be better re- | spected than others, and if it is not | tion. Mr. MacDonald's path is strewn | respected, what force will enforce it? | with pearls. veloping to his agreement with the | Soviet government and it Is alleged that he eommitted himself to that at Powerful hostility is de- | If national forces, then we are back | where we started. If an interna tional force, then the whole problem of the League of Nations and armed | the bidding of the communist wing | forces under its command is again | of the Labor party. prevails against granting any loan to Russia on the present unsatisfac- tory recognition of existing debts and ,when Parliament reassembles on Sep- tember 30, a formidable attack on the sovernment's policy is likely. Faces Alternatives. The Liberals probably will not sup- port Mr. MacDonald without import- ant modifications, probably with- | drawal of the financial clauses of the | scheme. This situation will present | Mr. MacDonald with the alternative of going to the country on an un- popular fssue or breaking with his extreme wing. Hitherto he has kept | his rev tionary tail fairly quiet by smooth words. but none doubts that in the end he will accept their dictation them. Tlis own sympathies are| Atrongl® advetss to communism, but his personal hostility to the Liberals tends to make him hesitate to break with his extremists. G vden, on the other hand Lib d he is to communist fire brands and is unfriendly to forcing the pace in England’s reaitions witr | the Soviet. Another factor in the| ion is notorfous lack of har- ween the premier and the of the exchequer. Snow ‘cused by fome members o* of being too friendly with yd George. Undoubted!: den's tendency bas been de nitely to be right and his gene attitude on affairs is indistinguish- able from the Liberal position. Troub e also is brewing up from the lriah situation. The appoint- ment of a boun’ary commission for the delimitation of Ulster is in course of early resumption in Parliament and all the anti-Free State forces are combining to make appointment or the commission difficult. The position is most delicate. 1f the commission | is not appointed the existence of the | Free State will be gravely tmperiled | On the other hand. if it is appointed | with Ulster refusing to take part, what power exists to enforce the award which Uister refuses to recos- nize The alone, or repudiate | | Free State cannot enforce fit | and the idea of intervention | by the Dritish government to en- force the award by force against| part of the British kingdom is un-|{ inkable. ‘dition to Treland, the out-| India grows steadily worse ¥pt to control | dan continucs to be a source trouble, Altogether, Mr. Mac- Donald has had a hard row to hoe in | the Autu 1 session and he will do well to survive to the mext year. His strong card is that the Libera have no present e for an etec- ton. Moreover, aclonald has shown that he poss S much wis- dom, patience and staying power. He will need ail his skill to navi- gate the difficult waters before him. (Copyright, 1924.) L e The Musicians’ Aisle. Prom the Cleveland Plain Dealer. Westminster Abbey, where the late Sir Charles Stanford was recently Jaid to rest, is the burlal place of the first great English composer. Henry Purcell, who died in 1695. He was the organist of the abbey when only 23 years of age, and lies in the musi- Strong feeling | be compelled _to | 2 | running broached. 1t is already forgotten that in 1919 it was the British who most veh mently refected the French proposal to equip the League with an armed force. Surely Mr. MacDonald, after | his comments on the League's recent disarmament project and the pro- posed treaty of mutual assistance will not reverse that policy. And so his arbitration plan is built on sand and he proposes to take away what curity ri s In arms without giving the disarmed nations any substitute. Advantages to Britain. France has Seen since the Wash- ington conference thuat British dis armament projects mean nothing ex- pt continuing British sea suprem- at less expense. The Washington absolved Great Brit from an armament race with the "'nited States, in which it certainly would have lost because of its lesser ancial resources. True, a Labor Zovernment has since then replaced a Conservative government, but this Labor government, in the very midst the London peace conference, or- | Zanized the formidab! Spithead re- view demonstrating Great Britain's naval supremacy. i Tance, which signed the Washington treaties. feels that it cannot safely ake similar sacrifice of land arma- ments. That is what Premier Herriot tried to show by linking the three terms—security, disarmament, arbitra- tion. What chance is there for a real unequivocal agreement between this conception which France's situatiol ob'iges her to maintain, and Mr. Ma Dorald's democratic imperialist scheme? Actions in 1914. This opposition does not surprise France, which knows that a statesman ideas are often best illustrated by his | acts. Mr. MacDonald, who says that | on'y historians 50 years hence can set- t'e the responsibility for the war, did not think his country should aid Bel- gium. Now he proclaims Great Britain's determination to execute all treaties to the letter, but in 1914 he refused to vote a declaration of war which the Be'gian neutrality treaty required. He hasn't changed since. Today he places the League of Nations in the position of begging Germany to join, although Germany has never asked for admis- sion. What does this mean except that MacDonald is one of those “realists” for whom historical facts have no mean- ing unless they agree with their par- ticular dogmas or party or national in- erests? Mr. MacDonald since becoming pre- mier has adopted all of those British | imperialist policies which have most disturbed other nations at critical moments. With these he has mixed | principles of International socialism and the mixture is not reassuring. The London conference revised all the financial clauses of the 1919 treaties. Mr. MacDonald’s Geneva speech de- mands revision of all political and even moral clauses. France regards this as a serious menace to central European nations as well as France. Four years of France's mistakes have paved the way. .It is not new to those who have followed events care- fully, but naw it is coming out and sharp where everybody can see. August saw a tremendous effort to reconcile French divergences, but it Is to be feared that September will bring disappointment to those who belleved those efforts had been suc- treaty cian's aisle (the-north alsle of the chair). Other musicians who are buried or commemorated in the alsle are John Blow, master of Purcell and Croft; Michael William Balfe, Dr. Charles Burney and Sir William Sterndale Bennett. The Swavely “Army and Navy Prep,” 4101 Connecticut Avenue HAS ACQUIRED A NEW AND SPACIOUS HOME ON A BEAUTIFUL. CAMPUS OF SEVEN ACRES, CONSISTING OF TWO SCHOOL BUILDINGS, FLOOR SPACE 50x80 FEET AND AN ATHLETIC FIELD OF THIRTY ACRES, at Manassas, Va., IT WILL OPEN SEPTEVMRER 2. STUDENTS FROM WASHINGTON AND VICINITY MAY ARRANGE TO RESIDE AT THE SCHOOL FOR 5 DAYS OF THE WEEK AND SPEND WHERE WEEK =NDS AT HOME. AL JRESS THE WASHINGTON. OFFICE UNTIL SEP. TEMBER 18. PHONE CLEVE! cessful. (Copyright, 1924.) —_— An Egyptian archeologist recently discovered a bunk used on the Nile boats 4,000 years ago. This bunk differs very little from the stateroom terths of modern liner: School MODERN DORMITORY AND A GYMNASIUM HAVING A ITS FALL TERM ON LAND 120, | feelings. came visible again in the camp of the counter - revolutionaries — with Gens. Kolchak and Wrangel, and with the Poles fighting against Moscow. Hc became the political strategic head of all the enemies of the Bol- shevists and now, after an obviously staged drama of arrest, conviction and pardon, he enters the service of | the Soviets which he so passionately | opposed. ces Russlan Romance. This is a genuine Russian romance —the evolution of a man who, like | stievsky's rebel, can say of him- am as tough as a court dog. indestructible, easy going and ready. like every Russian to put up with anything and to possess two kinds of Two contradictory feelings: One is at home in the mire of vice and crime, the other strives to attain the highest stars of the ideal state. Savinkoff has plainly long since weaned himself from all doubts con- cerning the justifiability of terrorism and homicide, and this uncommonly gifted man who knows all European counter - revolutionaries and their ways is a great gain for the Bolshe- vists, Savinkoff chose the titie of iis best novel, “The Fallow Horse," from the Book of Revelationa. There was a time when folks thought of Gifts of Jewelry in terms of three or But now, the modest, as well as the most elaborate gift is best ex- four figures. MacDONALD TACTICS ARE HELD OBSTACLE TO EUROPE ARMS CUT British Premier Seen in Role,o! “Business” Admiral to Further British Commerce Aims, W hile League Tackles Big Armament Problems. BY WYLLIAM BIRD. By Radio to The Star.. PARIS, September 6.—Ramsay Mac- Donald has two suits of clothes. At Geneva he wears principally his in- ternational soctalist costume, which is loose and easy under the arms and permits him to expound a curlous doctrine composed half of Marxism and half of Scottish evangellsm to the benighted continental nations. He urges them fervently to lay down their arms and put their faith in brotherly love flanked with economic determination. But if the conversation switches to naval armaments, Mr. MacDonald will quickly retire to his wardrobe and change to the traditional British diplomat's uniform, which, being thickly encrusted with gold braid buttoned tightly under the chin does not allow any bending or yielding in any direction. Attired in this costume, nobody even dares to ask Mr. MacDonald why he insists on keeping the greatest fleet in the world and even Improving it by elevating its guns if, in reality, there is no security in-armaments. ’Um- perceives immediately that whereas evangelical socialism works well on land, it does | water. If Mr. MacDonald really believed all he said in Thursday's speech, he could casily prove his good faith by invit- ing the whole league to another Spithead reviow. As the ships were majestically past the international re- viewing stand, a signal from Mr. MacDonald's flagship would suddenly instruct all the crews to open the seacocks and take to the small boats. The sight of the whole British fleet slowly sinking beneath the waves would be tremendously impressive and Mr. MacDonald could turn to the amazed continental diplomats and say: ““There, gentlemen, that will per- haps prove to you that I have faith in my own doctrines. England is at last truly secure because it is no longer dependent upon the false se- curity of armaments.” Short of issuing somo such invita- tion as this the utility of Mr. Mac- not thrive on| Donald’s visit to Geneva is not appar- ent. The question of land armaments on the European continent does not at all properly concern England, and it 1s not surprising that the impression is growing rapldly today that Great Britain's Interfering in this discus- sion is more to promote discord than harmony. Nevertheless this Geneva meeting Is going to accomnlish something de- | spite Mr. MacDonald's unhelpful atti- tude, even though It is a practical certainty that it could get much far- ther and get there much faster if Great Britain were not represented in the league. What is coming, almost with express train speed, is a league of continental nations and it is pre- cisely this that the traditional British policy represented by Mr. MacDonald, in diplomatic uniforr, desires to avold. But as it is already too late to at- tempt to slow down this onrushing phenomenon. Mr. MacDonald attires himself in proletarian overalls, jumps into an engine cab and begins stoking vigorously, declaring that what is needed is more speed. but really en- deavoring to make the whole scheme jump the track by demanding more | than it is possible to obtain from the still imperfect league machinery. Disarmament will come about as rapidly as national riva'ry in eoco- nomic matters gives way to interna- tional economic co-operation i8 no less true for being trite. It is quite natural, of course, that Kngland should desire economic rivairy be- tween continental nations to con- tinue and that, at the same time, they should disarm and enable strong_Great Britain to aribtrate their differences in the interest of British commeroe. It is equally natural that oonti- nental powers should prefer to settie these matters in a wiy which may be slower but can hardly heip being surer and more solid. And that way is one which seems most likely to! prevail. i Tt ix indeed hard to wee what pos- | stble business “Admiral” MacDonald | can Have in Switzerland. | (Copyright, 1924.) § T e e e e ey I TR R T OO T 738 15th St. pressed by well selected Jewelry. No matter what price you pay— Jewelry will give more lasting and en- during satisfaction than any other gift. 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