Evening Star Newspaper, August 15, 1924, Page 4

STAR, WASHINGTON D. C, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1924 Economical Government, Based on Common Sense, Urged by President in Speech’ PLACES EMPHASIS ON DOMESTIC POLICY A4S CHIEF CONCERN OF U. S Declares Government Is Sound, Hails Achievements of Last Three Years—Promises Tax Reform on Scientific Lines. ; The text of President Coolidge’'s speech, accepting the Republican dential nomination, follows: rman, Members of the Committee, 1 and Gentlemen: “You bring formal notice, Mr. Chairman, of a nomination for Presi- dent of the United States. Our system of nominations is not the outcome of chanc It the product of ex- perience. Very early in their search for a sound method of gelf-govern ment the American people discovereu that the only practical way to secure responsible political action was by the formation of parties. which they adopted hecause reason pronounced it the most promising, and continued because practice found it the most su ful nderneath and upholding political parties was, and is, the enduring principle that a true citizen of a real republic cannot exist as a segregated, unattached fragment of selfishness. but must live as a constituent part of the whole of society, in which he can secure his own welfare only as he _secures the welfare of his fellow men “P'arty means poli a cal co-operation, not as an end in itself, but a means, an instrument of government. If founded upon a great moral principle and directed with scrupulous regard for its integrity, it cannot fail to sweep onward and upward, advanc- ing always steadily and surely, a mighty constructive force, a glorious bearer of progress. 'aith of Party. “That is what the Republican party always has been and is today. In full faith that such it will continue to be, deeply conscious of the high honor it confers and the responsibility it imposes, 1 accept its nomination for President of the United States. “In the history of our country is recorded the public services rendered by our party for more than three- score years. That is secure. 1 pass on to the recent past and the present. It s ¥ to forget, but the im- X hich the condition of our country in March, 1921, made upon the people was so deep, so vivid, so alarming, that it will not soon pass | away. Over two years after the| armistice we were still technically in « state of war. We had no diplomatic relations with Turkey, Greece. Rus- sta, Colombis, or Mexico, and the Far Last causing grave apprehen- sions. In raising and expending for war a st amount of money a reck- less extravagance had come to char- acterize the administration of pub- lic affairs and was all too prevalent in private life. An enormous bt had been contracted, then standing at about $24,000,000,000, of which more than $7,000.000,000 was in short-time obligations without any provision for payment. Government bonds were | tar below par. The high war-time taxes still burdened the people. Situation in 1922, “Demobiization and liquidation re- mained to be completed. Huge ac- counts with the railroads were still unsettled. Transportation was crip- pled. Over $11,000,000.000 of unliqul- dated debts were due to us from foi- elgn countries. The whole people were suffering from a tremendous de- flation. Our banks were filled with frozen assets, and everywhere acute financial distress existed. Interest was high. was scarce. Ap- proximately 5.000.000 people were without employment. No adequate provision had beem made for the re- lief of disabled veterans and their de- pendents. There was an avalanche of war-worn peoples and suddenly cheapened merchandise impending upon us from foreizn lands. The great powers were still engaged in burden- ing their people by building compet- itive armaments. “This staggering array indicates some of the major problems of this administration. I’erhaps in no peace- time period have there been more re- markable and constructive accom- plishments than since March, 1921 We have ratified separate treaties of world-wide importance with Ger- many, Austria, Hungary. Colombia, and Mexico. Forty-two other treaties have been approved by the Senate, and six treaties are now awalting its action. Friendly intercourse has been resumcd with Turkey and Greece, and_we have established our rights and insured peace in the Far East and the Pacific Ocean. Our for- eign relations have been handled with a technical s=kill and a broad statesmanship which has seldom, 1t ever, been surpassed. savings in Government. “In the domain of finances a budget system was promptly enacted and put into operation, resulting in tre- mendous savings. For the fiscal vear ending June 30, 1921, our ex- penditures were $5 535,000,000 and our surplus was $86,000,000. For the year just closed our expenditures were $3.497,000,000 and our surplus exceeded $500,000,000. This was a reduction in the annual cost of §ov- ernment of $2.041,000,000. The pub- lic debt now stands at about $21,260,- 000,000, which is a reduction in three years of about $2,750,000,000 and means an annual saving in interest of morb than $120,000,000. The $7.000,000,000 of short-time obliga- tions have all been quietly refunded or paid. The internal revenue taxes have been reduced twice, and many of them repealed, so that during the present fiscal year the tax receipts will show a saving to the people of approximately $6.000,000 a day com- pared with 1921. One government bond sold well over 105. o"More than 40 per cent of the amount of debts due us from foreign countries has been liquidated, and will provide funds for the retirement of about $13,000,000,000 of the prin- cipal pf our national debt in the course of 62 years. These settlements are not only stupendous financial transactions, but demonstrations of the most profound nature of inter- national good faith and the dominion over international relations of moral power. The finances of this Nation have been managed with a genius and a success unmatched since the days of Hamilton. Reduction to Peace Basin. “The Army and Navy have been reduced to a low peace-time ba and surplus materials and supplies cogverted into cash. Hundreds of millions of accounts have been set- tled with the railroads, which have been financed without any public ex- pense so they could adequately serve the greatest peace-time commerce ever moved without a shortage of cars. A great revival of industry took place, which is now spteading to agriculture. Complaint of un- employment has ceased, wages have increased. Capital has become plenti- ful at a low rate of Interest and the banks of our country, as a whole, show a high percentage of liquid as- sets. “Most generous laws for the re- llet of disabled veterans have heen enacted and the Veterans' Bureau established. More than 71,000 men and women have been rehabiliated, of whom of 38.000 are earning more than they earned before the war. Compensation is being pald to nearly half a million at the rate of about $100,000,000 a year, which will be in- creased about $30.000,000 under leg- islation recently passed. Forty mil- lon dollars have been provided for hospital facilitles, and under a new law hospitals have been opened to all the veterans of all wars, regard- less of the time or cause of thuir disability. No government ever pro- vided 80 genmerously for those dis- abled by service in time of war. Immigration Restrictions. “To preserve American standards for all our Inhabitants, whether they were the descendants of former Zan- erations residing here or the most recent arrivals, restrictive immig: tion laws were passed. I should have preferred to continue the policy of Japanese exclusion by some method less likely to offend the sen- nibilitles of the Japanese people. I did what 1 could to minimize ary harm that might arise. But the law has been passed and approved and the incident is closed. We must seek by some means besides immigration to demonstrate the friendship and respect which we feel for the Japa- nese nation. “Restricted fmmigration offensive but a purely defensive action. It Is not adopted in criti- cism of others in the slightest de- gree, but solely for the purpose of protecting ourselyes. We east no aspersions on any race, or creed, but we must remember that every object of our Institutions of socicty and government will fail unless America be kept American. Protective Tariff Results. “By means of a protective tarift we have saved American agriculture, la. bor and industry from the menace of having their great home market de- stroyed through the dumping upon it of a flood of foreign products. Under this wise policy we saw an economic revival, and our people as a whole, in marked distinction from sufferers trom the financial distress and de- pression of ather lands, have come is rot an |into an era of prosperity and plenty. As a source of revenue the tariff sur- passed all expectations in producing an annual return of the unprecedent- ed sum of about $550,000.000. A fis- cal policy which places a large and much needed revenue in the -public treasury, while stimulating business to a condition of abounding prosper- ity, defends itself against,any criti- cism. Its merits are demonstrated by its results. We have protected our own inhabitants from the economic disaster of an invasion of too many foreign people or too much forelgn merchandise. 2 Armament Reduetion. “The people have never come to a full realization of the importance of the Washington Conference. It pro- duced the one effective agreement among the great powers fn all the history of clvilization for relieving the people of the earth from the enor- mous burden of maintaining competi- tive-naval armaments. I do not be- Tieve any conference ever did more to promote the peace of the world. I am perfectly sure that none ever did s0 much to reduce the cost of gov- ernment. By removing causes of irri- tation, in which lay the seeds of war in the Far Kast. our own country received incalculable benefit. Only when that was done could disarmae ment follow. What had always be- fore failed, then became a success. A policy was adopted which was more than revolutionary. It was sublime. It demonstrated at last that peace and good will are not vain illusions, but actual realities. The credit for the inception of this epoch-making policy, and for its practical conclu- sion, is due to the initiative of Ameri- can_ statesmanship. “These are some of the larger as- pects. though very incompletely de- picted. of what this administration has been doing to promote the wel- fare of the American people. A sur- vey of the economic condition of our country, the industrial peace which prevalis, the mighty influence which our moral power exerts throughout the world all testify that it has not been without success. Honest Goveramen: “There are those who would dis- regard all this for an undertaking to convince themselves and others that the chief issue of this campaign is honest government. In all my stud- ies of political history I cannot recall an administration which was desirous | of a dishonest and corrupt govern ment that, for the purpose of check- ing extravagance, ever undertook to introduce a budget system, to cut down taxes, to purge the pay rolls, to make enormous reductions in the public debt and to lay firmer found: tions for the peace of the world. That is not the way of dishonesty. The Government is sound. But indl- viduals charged with wrongdoing are being prosecuted. The people of this country hate corruptien. They know my position. They know the law will be enforced. “Wherever there have been suspi- clons of guilt, involving members of any party, I have caused them to be investjgated and presentation made to the grand jury. If the evidence warranted. those suspected of crime have been indicte and without fa- vor, but without malice, they will be tried on the charges returned against them. Wherever it has appeared that the property of the Government has been illegally transferred and held action has been brought for its re- covery and will be pursued to a final judgment. No Government was ever able to prevent altogether the com- mission of crime, but this Govern- ment, under my direction, is doing the best it can to detect and punish any and all wrongdoing. The laws of the land are being, and will con-. tinue to be, enforced. I propose to use every possible effort to resist corruption in office. The American Government must be clean. Faith in “Many principles exist which I have tried to represent and propose to support. I belleve in the Amer- ican Constitution. I favor the Amer- ican system of individual enterpris and 1 am opposed to any geéneral ex- tension of government ownership and control. I believe not only in advo- cating economy in public expendi- tures, but in its practical application and actual accomplishment. I believe in a reduction and reform of taxa- tion and shall continue my efforts in that direction. I am in favor of pro- tection. I favor the permanent court and further limitation of armaments. I am opposed to aggressive war. I shall avoid involving ourselves in the political controversies of Jjurope, but 1 shall do what I.can to encourage American citigens and resources to assist In restoring Europe, with the sympathetic support of our Goyern- ment.- 1 want agriculture and indus try on a sound basis of prosperity d equality. I shall continue to strive for the ecomomic, moral and spiritual welfare of my country. American citizens will decide in the Ecomemy. coming election whether th complishments and these principl have their approval and support. ‘“The domestic affalrs of our coun- try appear to me to be by far the chlef concern. From that source comes _our strength. The home market consumes mnearly all of our production. Within our own bound- arles will be determined to a very large degree the economic welfare and the moral worth of the American people. These are plain facts, but there are others equally plain. “America, under Providence, has come to be a nation of great respon- sibility. It exists as one of the fam- iy of nations. We cannot be iso- lated. Other peoples exist all about us. Their actions affect us and our actions affect them, whether we will or no. Thelr financial condidtion is not and cannot be entirely separated from our financial condition. But the final determination of our relation- ship to other countries rises into a higher realm. We believe in the brotherhood of man, because we be- lieve in the fatherhood of God. That is our justification for freedom and equality. We believe in the law of ervice, which teaches us that we can improve ourselves only by help- ing others. We know that these principles are applicable alike to our domestic and our forelgn relations. We cannot live unto ourselves alone. Peliey of Peace. “The foreign policy of America can best be described by one word— Deace. Our actions have always pro- claimed our peaceful desires, -but never more evidently than now. We covet no territory: we support no threatening military array: we har- bor no hostile intent. We have pur- sued, are pursuing and shall continue to pursue with untiring devotion the cause of peace. “These ideals we have put into practical application. We have sought to promote peace not only by word but by appropriate action. We have been unwilling to surrender our independence. We have refused to raitfy the covenant of the League of Nations. But we have co-operated with It to suppress the narcotic trade and promote public health. We have every desire to help, but the time, the place and the method must be left to our own determination. Un- der our Constitution we cannot fore- close the right of the President or the Congress to determine future problems when they arise. We must necessarily proceed upon the princi- ple of present co-operation without future entanglements. “As peace means fundamentally a reign of law, we propose to become & member of the Permanent Court of International Justice. Such action would dq, much to indicate our de- termination to restrain the rule of force and solldify and sustain the rule of reason among nations. “We have observed with sympathy the continuing difficulties of Europe. We have desired to assist whenever we could do so effectively. Late in December, 1922, the Secretary of State announced the American plan, which was finally adopted. Under it the reparations commission appolnt- ed a committee of experts of which three were Americans, one' of whom, Charles G. Dawes, was chosen chair- man. A report has been made which received world-wide approbation and has been accepted in principle by the governments interested. At a con- ference of prime ministers held to work out the details of putting this plan into operation I directed the at- tendance of Ambassador Kellogg, as- sisted by Col. Logan, to represent our Government. Throughout all this course of events we helped in the only way we could help. Favors Lean for Germany. “I belfeve the substance of the plan ought to be adopted. By that test will be revealed whether Europe really desires our co-operation. If Europe should agree to this proposal, then a private loan should be made by our citizens to Germany for the financial support of this undertaking. The governments interested should make necessary concessions for the security of such a loan. In my opin- fon such action, by stabilizing rope, would result in improving our own economic condition. But beyond that, it Is the duty of our people who have the resources to use them for the relief of war-stricken nations and the improvement of world con- ditions. “As this is written reports indi- cate that the plan of Gen. Dawes will be adopted, and that the effort of America has made a tremendous con- tribution to the welfare, security and peace of the world. But I await the event. Plans Arms Conference. “When the reparations plan is in operation I shall deem it an appro- priate time to approach the great powers with a proposal for another conterence for a further limitation of armaments and for devising plans for @ codification of international law. I personally should favor en- tering into covenants for the pur- pose of outlawing aggressive war by any practical means. Our country has always been against aggressive war and for permanent peace. Those who are working out detafled plans to present such a policy for consider- ation have my entire sympathy. I trust that never again will the wom- en of this Nation be called on to sacrifice their loved ones to the. ter- rible scourge of war. “We have constantly striven to come to,more complete understand- ing and improve our relations with Latin America. At their request we have undertaken to compose thelir dif- ficulties. We helped the government of Mexico protect itself against do- mestic violence. There is little doubt that in extending this assistance and the moral support which it indicated ‘we helped save the people of Mexico from the terrors of another revolu- tion. We also indicated the adoption of a policy of making it worth while for a government to so conduct it- self as to merit our recognition. We have secured a written agreement with Mexico to negotiate a treaty of amity and commerce to replace one which was canceled as long ago as 1881, and joint commissions will shortly meet to adjust all American claims against that country. Raps Religious Prejudice. “The Federal Government ought to be, and is, solicitous for the welfare of every one of its Inhabitants, every one of its business activities, whether they be small or great. This is one country; we are one people, united by common interests. There should be no favorites and no outcasts; no race or religious prejudices in- govern- ment. America opposes special privi- Jege for anybody, and favors: equal opportunity for everybody. It has adopted these principles because they are the logical conclusions of our ideals of freedom. Moreover, we be- lieve they contribute to our material welfare. We oppose the artificial supports of privilege and monopoly because they are both unjust and un- economic. They are not right. They do not work. No sound and endur- ing government or prosperity can rest upon anything but the sure foundations of equal opportunity and Justice for all. | Cites Need for Tariff. “It is In accordance with these principles that our Government seeks by appropriate legislation to promote the financial welfare of all the dif- ferent groups that form our great economic .l.r\lttlll;;t. p;l;::. !'le!publltc‘en rty supports the y of protec- :l-onyll apnoflud principle, good alike for producer and consumer, because it knows that no other means to pre- ~not politically, but judicially. Coolidge Speech Highlights The President, in his speech, pledged himself to: Honest and economical Government. The Permanent Court of International Justicc. The principle of protection. The child labor amendment. Further limitation of armanients. Enforcement of the prohibition laws. /Oppose any general extension of Government ownership and control and to aggressive war. Support by the Government in encouraging American citizens and resouces to assist in restoring Europe. Fearless prostcufioq of faithless officials. Liberality in thought and progress in action, tempered by “com- mon sense.” Oppose price fixing by legislation. In the course of his address he said: “We now heed in agriculture more organization, co-operation and diversification,” adding that the “fundamental remedy was pro- vided nat so much through enactment of legislative laws as through the working out of economic laws.” . “I want further tax reduction and more tax reform. disturb about the effect on a few thousand comes, because they “Whatever cry t! Zavc to pay high surtaxes. e demagogues may make about his ability to 1 am not people with large in- tax the rich, at the end of the year it will always be found that the people as a whole have paid the taxes.” “I want the people of America to be able to work less for the Government and more for themselves. I want them to have the re- wards of their own industry. That is the chief meaning of frecdom.” “The American Goversment must be clean. The laws of the land are being, and will continue to be, enforced. The Government is sound. know the law will be enforced.” Individuals charged with wrongdoing are being prose- cuted. The people hate corruption. They know my position. They “No individual or group of individuals may expect any govern- mental favors in return for party assistance.” vent the lowering of the standards of pay and living for the American wage earner toward the misery scale that prevails abroad has ever been de- vised. Were such protection removed, the result would be felt at every fire- side in the land. Our industry would languish, factories would close, com- merce and transportation would be stagnant, agriculture would become paralyzed. financlal distress and eco- nomic depression would reach over the whole country. Before we are carried away with any visionary ex- pectation of promoting the public welfare by a general avalanche of cheap goods from foreign sources, imported under a system which, what- ever it may be called, is in reality free trade. it will be well first to count the cost and realize just what such a proposal really means. Will Exercise Elastieity. “I am for protection because it maintains American standards of liv- ing and of business, for agriculture, industry, and labor. 1 am in favor of the elastic provisions of our tariff law. I propose to administer them, As the business of the world becomes sta- Dbilized, without throwing all our economic system into confusion, we can raise or lower specific schedules to meet the requirements of a scien- tific adjustment. “I confess that my inheritance and personal experlence have bred in me a keen interest in the welfare of riculture. -~ Perhaps the very hard- ships that those who have been en- gaged in it have encountered have caused it to be the chief source of that independence and stalwart cit- izenship which has contributed so Iavishly to the glory of American life. It constitutes an element in our Nation of such importance as to be worthy of the utmost solicitude and concern. One, of our first thoughts in 1921 was for its relief and revival, As many as 15 laws have been passed to assist and support this funda- mental industry. Through the War Finance Corporation, it has been ex- tended credits of between $300,000,000 and $400,001,000. In addition to this, Government activity provided about £50,000,000 from private sources for thae relief of the cattle industry, and in the early Spring of this vear a $10,000,000 corporation was formed, which it was estimated could furnish $100,000,000 for diversification and financlal relief in the Northwest. The Intermediate Credit Banks have loaned over $86,000,000 to individuals and co-operative marketing agsocia- tions, which assisted directly and in- directly over 500,000 farmers. Reealls Farm Ilis. “Notwithstanding all this, agricul- ture was subjected to an era of most serious depression. Several of its great staples like cotton, cattle, hogs, corn and whéat, suffered from low prices, due to overproduction, unbal- anced conditions between costs and sale prices in agriculture, industry and labor, and the disorganization of the markets of the world. But for the enormous buying power which the high wages of industry put behind the market for American food prod- uets, especially meat, the agricultural regions would have experienced even a far more severe financial crisis. “Due to a change in the world sup- ply, prices of products have begun to improve, even so far as to increase land valu The Government ren- dered a great deal of assistance and private enterprise co-operated, but the fundamental remedy was provid- ed, as it always must be provided, not 80 much through the enactment ot legislative laws as through the work- ing out of economic laws. Because the farmers have thoroughly realized this, they have on the whole opposed price-fixing by legislation. ~While maintaining that sound-positién, they have seen a partial relief come in a natural way, as it was bound to come. Urges Co-opertive Marketing. “We now need in agriculture more organization, co-operation and divers- ification. The farmer should have the benefit of legislation providing for flood control and development of inland waterways, better navigation east and south from the Great Lakes, reclamation, and especially relief for those who camnot meet their pay- ments on f{rrigation projects. But the main problem is marketing. Co- operative effort, reorganization of the freight-rate structure, good business, and good wages in manufacturing, and the settlement of European af- fairs will all help to provide better market conditions. “The Republican platform recog nizes that agriculture should be on a basis of economic equality with other industries. This is easy to say, but the farmers themselves and their advisers have never been able to agree on a plah to provide it by law. Now that nature and economic law have given some temporary relief, 1 propose, therefore, to appoint a com- mittee to investigate and report measures to the Congress in Decem- ber that may help secure this result which we all desire. I want profitable || agriculture established permanently. 1 want to see the dollar of the farm- ers always purchase as much as any other dollar. “A wise, skilled, and unselfish leadership can do more than ‘any- thing else to rescue agricuiture. The farmer needs leaders who 'will stay with him, who have the tact and the courage necessary for managementg, and who have the fidelity to refuse political preferment and business op- portunity. There are such leaders. In the sacrifices they make to serve the farmer lies the greatest hope far vation. u"’l‘:fi‘o‘le who toil have always prof- ited from Republican control of Gov- ernment., Under the - policy of pro- tection ang restrictive Immigration no deflation of ages has occurred While the cost of living has gone down, wages have advanced. The 12-hour day and the 7-day week have practically been abolished. The un- interrupted operation of public utili- ties with mutually satisfactory and legally established methods of ad- justing labor questions have been Bought. Collective bargaining and voluntary arbitration have been en- couraged. Republican rule has raised the wage earner to a higher stand- ard than he ever occupied before any- where in the world. “The war left us with many evils One result was the tremendous wast- age of wealth. The people of this country were required to re-create very nearly one-fifth of our national resources. All of this stupendous sum has to he earned. When so large a part of the work of 300 years is swept away, it is not easily recov- ered. It takes all the tremendous en- ergy« of men, of enterprise, of the vast properties represented by in- vested capital. and of material, work- ing through years, to repair the dam- age and replace the values destroyed by war. Warns of Extravagance. “The only method by which we can make up this loss is by saving a part of what we produce each day. It will make little difference how much we raise on the farm, or how much we turn out in the mill, if it is all used a® or all the proceeds are expended. We can only be relieved of our pres- ent private and public burdens by refraining from private and public extravagances. We must resist pri- vate and public outlays for which there is no commensurate return. This is economy. Whatever anybody may claim or say, there Is no other method by which the people can rid themselves of their tremendous finan- cial burdens. “It is for that reason that the pres- ent administration has made every possible effort to cut down the ex- penses of government. The country needs every ounce of its energy to Testore itself. The costs of the Gov- ernment are all assessed on the peo- ple. This means that the farmer is doomed to provide a certain amount of money out of the sale of his pro- duce, no matter how low the price, to pay his taxes. The manufacturer, the professional man and the clerk must do the same from their income. The wage earner, often at a higher rate when compared with his earn- ings, makes his contribution, perhaps not directly, but indirectly, in the ad- vanced cost of everything he buys. The expenses of the vernment reach everybody. Taxes take from every one a part of his earnings, and force every one to work for a certain part of his time for the Government. “When we come to realize that the vearly expenses of all the govern R 1325 F ments in this country have reached the stupendous sum of about $7.500.- 000,000, we get some idea of what this means. Of this amount, about $3,500.- 000,000 is needed by the National Gov- ernment and the remainder by local governments. Such a sum is difficult to comprehend. It represents all the pay of 5,000,000 wage earners receiv- ing $5 a day, working 300 days In the year. If'the Government should add [on $1060.000,000 of expense, it would represent four days' more work of these wage earners. These are some of the reasons why 1 want to cut down public expense. Fight to Reduce Taxen. “1 want the people of America to be able to work less for the Govern- ment and more for themselves. T want them to have the rewards of their own industry. That is the chief meaning of freedom. Untll we can re-establish a condition under which the earnings of the people can be kept by the people, we are bound to suffer a very distinct curtailment of our liberty. “These results are not fanciful, they are not imaginary; they are grimly actual and real, reaching into every household in the land, They take from each home annually an av- erage of over $300. And taxes must be pald. They are not a voluntary contribution to be met out of surplus earnings. They are a Stern necessity. They come first. It is only out of what is left after they are paid that the necessities of food, clothing and shelter can be provided, the comforts of home secured or the yearnings of the soul for a broader and more abun- dant life gratified. When the Gov- ernment effects a new economy, it grants everybody a life pension with which to raise the standard of exist- ence. It increases the value of every- body's property and raises the scale of everybody's wages. One of the greatest favors that can be bestowed upon the American people is economy in government. ‘Wants Further Reduction. “Because of my belief in these prin- ciples, I favor economy that the taxes of everybody may be reduced. Much has already been done. The bill which T signed will save the people about $1,000,000 each day. 1 want further tax reduction and more tax reform. The raising of the revenue required to conduct our Government is intimately connected with our eco- nomic welfare. If it is done by wise and just laws, the burden will be the most_ easily borne. But if the mgthod of taxation is not sound, disaster will follow, reaching even to financial panic. Our first thought should be to maintain unimpaired the activity of agriculture and industry. That tax is theoretically best which interferes least with business. “Every student knows that exces- sively high rates defeat their own purpose. They dry up that source of revenue and leave those paying lower rates to furnish all the taxes. High rates tend to paralyze business. For these reasons I am opposed to excess- profits taxes and high surtaxes. When the revenue bill of 1921 was passed. abolishing excess profits and greatly reducing high surtaxes, it was im- mediately followed by a revival in business and an increase in the num- ber of larga incomes, so that the gov- ernment received nearly $100,000,000 more in taxes from those having in- comes of over $100,000 than under the higher rates of the previous year. But rates were still too high and all kinds of business began to pause; ag- riculture especially felt their indi- rect adverse effects. A new tax bill was passed this spring carrying still further reductions, and under its ap- parent influence there seems to be the beginnings of another increase of prosperity. Good business is worth more to thg small income taxpayer than a considerable percentage of tax reduction. Indirect Taxation. “Only about 3,500,000 people pay di- rect income taxes. The remainder pay, but pay indirectly, in the cost of all purchases, from a pair of shoes to a rallroad ticket. This country has at least 107,000,000 of these indirect taxpayers. 1 am not disturbed about the effect on a few thousand people with farge incomes because they have to pay high surtaxes. They can take care of themselves, whatever hap- pens, as the rich always can. What concerns me is the indirect effect of high surtaxes on all the rest of the people. Let us always remember the poor. Whatever cry the demagogue may make about his ability to tax the rich, at the end of the year it will always be found that the people as a whole have paid the taxes. We should, therefore, have a system of taxation under which the people as a whole gre most likely to be pros. R R DRERRE EEECEREEERTRRRR R ® STREET SATURDAY the opportunity day of price-reduced SPECIALS | Special No. 1: Every Straw Hat That sold from %4 to %6 Special No. 2: Special $1%® Union Suits, Saturday...... $1.95 59c 6 of them, $3 Special No. 3: WhiteFlannel Trousers that sold from 38 to $10 5.95 EVERY MADRAS ]| / PRICE SHIRT ....... Sizes 13% to 18 Sne 1325 F STREET “London-Lavender”—you yourself can see why it s will be popular. perous. Our country will be better off if, disregarding those who appeal to jealously and envy, it follows in taxation and all else the straight path of justice. “Economy should be practiced scrupulously in the conduct of a na- tional campaign. 1 know it is diffi- cult to distinguish between real serv- ice to the people and mere wasteful- ness, Costs have increased by doub- ling of the electorate, rendering close calculation impossible. Buidget in Campaign. “Nevertheless, 1 can perceive no reason why the budget system should not be beneficial in a campaign, as it has proved to be in government. It is to be tested by our committe “There should be no relaxing of resolute endeavors to keep our elec- tions clean, honest and free from taint of any kind. Only the closest scru- tiny of both the sources of contribu- tions and the character of expendi- tures can accomplish this laudable purpose. For the first time this has been provided for the coming cam- paign through the appointment of a competent Senate committee vested with ample authority. The Republi- can national chairman has already volunteered to file sworn reports of both income and outgo, in full detail, at such regular intervals as the com- mittee may deem serviceable and practicable. “The statutes provide for publica- tion of the names of contributors and of amounts contributed. But a deficit at the end of a campaign in part de- feats this. The budget will cure that defect. So far as the Republican party is concerned, I have made an absolute requirement that our com- mittee shall live within its means. I hope it will have a surplus on elec- tion day, but it must not have a deficit. “I would make clearly and definitely one other requirement—that no indi- vidual or group of individuals may cxpect any governmental favors in return for party assistance. What- ever any one gives must be given for the common good or not at all. Con- tributions can be recelved on no other basis. New Force in Politics. “For the first time, after having opportunity to - fully organize, the women of the nation are bringing the new force which they represent di- rectly to bear on our political affairs I know that the influence of woman- hood will guard the home, which is the citadel of the Nation. 1 know it will be a protector of childhood. 1 know it will be on the side of human- ity. 1 welcome it as a great instru- ment of mercy and a mighty agen of peace. I want every woman vote. “While we are discussing some of the problems of the day, some of the changes we propose to meet tem- porary conditions, it is also well to remember that it is equally necessary to support our fundamental institu- tions. We believe in our method of constitutional government and the in- tegrity of the legislative, judicial and executive departments. We believe that our liberties and our rights are best preserved, not through political, but through judicial action. The Con- stitution is the sole source and guar- anty of national freedom. We believe that the safest placé to declare and interpret the Constitution which the people have made is in the Supreme Court of the United States. “We believe the people of the ) tion should continue to own the prop- erty and transact the business of the Nation. We harbor no delusions about securing perfection. We know that mankind is finite, and will continue to be under any system. But that system is best which gives the indi- vidual the largest freedom of action and the largest opportunity for hon- orable accomplishment. Such a sys tem does not tend to the concentra- tion of wealth, but to the diffusion of ?veallh. Under our institutions there is no limitation on the aspirations a mother may have for her children. That system T pray to continue. This country would not be a land of oppor- tunity, America would not be Amer- ica, {f the people were shackled with Government monopolies, Under our institutions success is therrule and failure is the exception. ‘We have no better example of this than the enormous progress which is being made by the negro race. To some of its individuals it may seem slow, toilsome and unsatisfactory, but to OPEN ALL DAY SATURDAY vetwed as a whole it has oeen a dem onstration of their patriotism and their worth, They are doing a greap/, work in the Jand, and are entiticd ta’ the protection of the Constitution and the law. It is a satisfaction to obl serve that the erime of lynching, of which they have been xo often thr victims, has teen greatly diminished and 1 trust that any further continu ation of this national xhame may prevented by law. As a plain matt of expediency, the white i nnot be protected unless the black man protected, and as a plain matter right law is law and justice Is j tice for everybod Liquor, Child [ at abor, Defense. “Our country has adopted prohibi tion and provided by legisiation for its enforcement It is the duty of the citizen to observe the law and the duty of the Executive to enforce it I propose to do my duty as best | can Our different States have had dif ferent standards or no standards a' all for child labor. The Congres: should have authority to provide « uniform law, applicable to the whols Nation, which will protect childhood Our country cannot afford to let any one live off the earnings of its youth of tender years. Their places are not in the factory, but in the school, thar the men and women of tomorrow may reach a higher state of existence anc Nation of a higher standard of citi hip. “Lam in favor of national defense not merely as an abstract state of mind, but as a concrete mode of ac tion. 1 favor not merely talking about it, but doing something about it. I do not want the safety of my country to be imperiled in its do- mestic or foreign relations by any failure to be ready to preserve order or repel attack But 1 propose to work for voluntary observance of law and mutual covenants of peace. “The Government of the United States represents the public. It is its business to protect and advance the general welfare. It wants every one treated fairly, and expects every one to do his duty. It must be impartia but it ought to be humane. It want: to establish justice, equity and mercy It desires to see adequate returns both for capital invested and fo work done. It believes in protectin: health and in cherishing education Il‘ is opposed to the domination « her wealth or organized minor: and is committed to the free rule of all the people Liberal Thought. “We are likely to hear a great deal of discussion about liberal thought and progressgive action. It is well for the country to have liberality in thought and progress in action, but its greatest asset common sense {In the commonplace things of lite ifes the strength of the Nation. i not in brilliant conceptions strokes of genius that we shall find the chief reliance of our country, but in the home, in the school, and in re ligion. America wil nue to de- fend these shrines. Every evil force that geeks to desecrate or destroy them will find that a Higher Power has endowed the people with an in- herent spirit of resistance. The peo- ple know the difference between pre- tense and reality. They want to be told the truth.” They want to be trusted. They want a chance to work out their own material and spiritual salvation. The people want a gov- ernment of common sense “These, Mr. Chairman, are some of the beliefs which I hold, some of the principles which I propose to support Because I am convinced that they are true, because I am satisfied that they are sound, 1 submit them with abiding faith to the judgment of the Ameri- can peopl [SIMONIZING Cars Left at Night Delivered by Noon Following Day AAA Service Station Sheridan Garage, Inc. 2516 Que St. N.W. Que St. Bridge Telephone West 2442 1t and con OR YOUR CONVENIENCE AMAZING PRICE CUT Odd Lot of MEN’S SUITS Tropical and Pa_llin Beach $6. Palm Beach Suits $12.75 Gabardines ..... Tropical Worsteds .. Imported Flannels .. 95 Mohair Suits Famous Priestly Mohairs + Included $15.75 $21.75 $21.75 $21.75 Special Offerings for Saturday ; Neckwear Silk and Wool Were $1.00 and $1.50 ' Now 69¢ Rockinchair Union Suits, $1.15 . Brighton Garters 19¢ All-Wool White Flannel Trousers $7.85 Bathing Suits Finest Materials Values to $8.50 Now $3.85 * Shirts Eagle Crepe, Broadcloth, etc. Values to $8.50 Now $2.95 ; Slip-Over Collegiate Sweaters $2.85 Many Colors, at All-Wool Gray Flannel Trousers $7.85 Straw Hats One-half Off None Excepted $1.25 Some Low as L 4 oL HERZOG F Street aOth.