Evening Star Newspaper, June 30, 1924, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR With Slfn_dly {l:'rdn} Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.........June 30, 1924 | THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor SR e | The Evening Star Newspaper Company Lusiness Office, 11th Et. and Peny i New York Offic = Chicayo omie: Towss Bulding, Luropean Utfice: 16 Kegent ¥i.,Loudoa, Eagland. | The Evening Star. with the Sunday mornine G0, . Gelivered by carriare withn the 3 &0 cen per month: daily only, 45 care” Der month: and ver nionth.Orders max be sent be ma or tele: | vhene Main 5000. Uollection |s made Ly cor- Tiers at the end of (ach wou’] ed Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. | Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday.1 yr., $8.40 : 1 mo., 70c Duiiy only . 1¥r.$6.0051mo, 50c | Sunduy only 1y, $2.40; 1 mo., 20c | All Other States. Draily and Sunday.1 yr., $10.00 ; 1 mo,, 85¢ Daily only 7.00; 1 1.0, 60c Sunday only $8.003 1 mo., 23¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated exclusively entitled to the ‘use for rcpublication of ull Dews dis- patches credited (o it or not otherwise credited in the local news pub- Tisked All rights of pubdication of special dispatches berein are also reserved. A Platform of Expediency. When the smoke of the battle in adison Square Garden had cleared «way Sunday morning the Democratic party had a platform for the campaign | £ 1924, It bad Leen put together at he costoof tremendous The Luilding of it had evoked intense bit- terness of foeling. On two planks the contlict raged most fiercely, those ve- lating (o the league of nations and to the Ku Klux Klan. 1t was appropriate that of these two fights the most hotly with the contested should come last, narrowest of margins in the decision. By a majority that that even yet it has not been officially an- nounced the party decided to avoid di- rect mention of the hooded organiza- By an emphatic majority it re- the league of nations question of American veferendum of the | is =0 close tion. solved to pra and leave the ntrance to a people. Attention concentra upon these two planks of the platform. The remainder of it is of the usual kind, denunciatory of the opposition and laudatory of the Democracy, free | in promises and sharp in reproaches. 1t in short, the usual party pro- nouncement. Expedienc necessari dictated avoidance of a direct demand the name of the Democracy for the entrance of the| United States into the league of na- tions. The platform. however, definite- Iy commits the party to the league | proposition, and pledges it to carry out the mandate of the people if by refer- endum vote’ they should express a wish that this country join the league. Advocacy of the referendum pro- posal was pitched in the key of avoid- ing a conflict of issues. Let the Ameri- can people, it was argued, vote on this ! question distinctly and without com- plication. Let the league question be separated from all other issues. The 000,000 majority given to Harding and Coolidge in 1920, said the pro- ponents of the referendum plan, was not given against the league. Of course, they could not say that it was given for the league, although those favoring a referendum were emphatic in their assertion that if this question is presented to the people singly and uncomplicated a tremendous majority will be given to it. That, of course, is speculative. pediency likewise dictated avoid- ance of the Klan by direct denuncia- tion. The plank that was adopted was in effect an anti-Klan declaration. It 1s noteworthy that the southern ‘dele- zates. representing the section where the Klan is strongest, cast 53 and a | fraction votes for direct mention and | 285 and a fraction votes against it.| Yet the adoption of the non-mention plank is not necessarily to be regarded as a Klan victory. 1t is a victory for expediency. Tt cannot be said that the Demo- cratic party has gained by these two expedients of avoidance. lt stands quite clearly committed to the league of nations principle and against the Ku Klux Klan. Tt challenges thereby those who do not wish the United States to enter the league and, with- out gaining equivdlently in political strength, those who are affiliated or sympathetic with the hooded organiza- tion. The travail of the days of platform | making brought the party to the task of choosing candidates in a strained and bitter spirit. with factions sharply defined. with animosities aroused. The denunciations of Republican misman- | angement that a short time ago consti- tuted the chief and most promising as- set for victory in this campaign are now diminished in force and probable cffectiveness by last week's happen- ings. e A certain amount of relief may be experienced by Harry Daugherty at finding so much politics discussed without mention of his name. st | Mention has been made of Newton | Diehl Baker as a dark horse. Foes of the league of nations would regard him as the illogical candidate. | The spirit of independence is shown by delegates from the Philippines, who change their votes if they happen to feel so dispesed. —e—— — - Confusion in Garden Voting. A reading of a report that has been printed of the detailed proceedings of the vote in Madison Square Garden early Sunday morning on the Ku Kiux Klan question shows a consid- erable looseness of delegate organiza- tion in the convention. This may have been due to the general confusion that prevailed, or to the fact that the delegations have in many cases been enlarged for the purpose of giving more peopia delegate honors. In some instances atiempts were made to vote proxies. The proxies, it seems, were | Camp Humphreys the President is told | not held by officially designated alter- i will | time « | pamphlets. doubt for some time after the conclu- slon of the roil call. One of the unusual features of the Toll call was the appearance of small fractions in the polling. Heretofore halves have been common in conven- tion voting, but on the Klan guestion Sunday morning one delegation voted by twentieths. No explanation has been forthcoming of this peculiar split of the voting strength. Tt is readily to be seen that the vot- ing of the delegates on candidacies may be marked by serious confusion unless a much more orderly system of polling the delegations is put into ef- fect. The votes are tuken in a vast hall, in which are crowded spectators many times more numerous than the delegates themselves and given to vo- ciferous clamor. It would be hard to get an accurate poll of the conven- tion with perfect quiet prevailing. But in the confusion that heretofore reigned in Madison Square Garden it is easy to see that mistakes and mis- understandings are almost certain to oceur. The importance of this matter is to be understood by reference to the tw thirds rule. There are 1,098 vises in the convention. It will take 732 to nominate. It is not assured that 1.098 full votes will be cast on every ballot. On the contrary, it is quite certain that there will be a shortage due to absentees, and most probably the total stand fractionally. . When the | es to produce two-thirds of | 1,087 7-20 votes, for instance. sume ctuarial skill will be required at the seeretary’s desk. | | o The N. E. A. Washington today is host to the N: tional liducation Association, and 20,000 men and women Wwhose Voca- tion is the art of teaching. These teachers come from every part of the | United States, and seldom has Wash- ington opened its gates to an assembly of such importance. Iducation, or schooling, is the chief process for im- proving citizenship, and there is no doubt that the school is niaking its ! contribution to the cause of American civilization. Education and the en-| lightenment which should come from it are the foundation of the govern- ment of a republic. The teachers will find here many | things that will interest and perhaps | stimulate them. There are universi ties and special schools whose students are drawn from all parts of the coun- try and whose graduates go to every state. They will find here at least two great libraries. One, the Congressional, is toe largest and richest in books. manuscripts, music and maps in the United States. and the most luxurious in accommodations for readers within its halls. The other, the Washington Publi in fact a public and circulating library which spreads a mighty influence among the people of the Capital. It calls to it per- sons of nearly every kind and condi- tion, encourages *hem to read. secks | to interest them in things that are best and send them home with a book. In zeal and intelligence and in the will to spread knowledge the staff of this library is unexcelled and perhaps not matched in the Union. There are technical and specia! libraries which have no equal elsewhere in the coun- try. In museum exhibits of scientific collections Washington leads, and in art collections it is becoming a leader smong American citles. In historic as- sociations the city and the countr: near it are an inspiration to Ameri- cans. | Some feminine comment is naturally aroused by the fact that Tammany Hall required much time to select a | leader for its own organization. but was prompt to the minute in designai- | ing a vice chairman for the Demo- cratic national convention. e Every four years W. J. Bryan makes it clear that his critical studies of biology and bibacity have not de- stroyed his interest in plain old pol tics. ——w————— It may be possible t> hold the con- vention over till July 4, a day that every American citizen now holds him- self bound to respect as safe and sane. - President and the Potomac. The President spent another week end on the Potomac. Reference has been made before to the President evident fondness for the river, and our people believe that the Potomac, whose majesty and beauty have charmed men for centuries, has put its “spell” upon the President. It is hoped that the associations which make the river historic have come to be known to him. It is hoped that when he passes Washington barracks there is some one to tell him that it was “the ar- senal,” a place of many memories. In the sack of Washington in August, 1814, nearly as many invaders were Killed there as at Bladensburg. Ameri- cans hid kegs of powder in a well, and the invaders dropped a lighted match or “port fire” on the powder. Against the north wall between the main gate and James Creek Canal stood the scaf- fold on which Mrs. Surratt, Herold, Payne and Atzerodt were hanged July 7, 1865. In those grounds stood the District penitentiary, under a cell floor of which was buried the body of John Wilkes Booth from thie time of its re- moval from the Montauk till its re- moval in 1869 to Buoth lot in Green- mount cemetery, Baltimore. Old citi zens might tell the President that at the arsenal June 17, 1864, there was an explosion which killed eighteen women and two men making cartridges for Union troops. As the Mayflower sails does anybody point out to the President the place among the Virginia brick yards where Nellie Custis, the “first lady” of her day, was born? Do they tell him the stories of Gisborough, Blue Plains, Oxon Hill and Roziers Bluff on the left bank of the river? One wonders whether as the Mayflower passes that it was once known as Belvoir, THE EVENING of George Mason,.a giant in the con: stitutional convention and the leader in opposition to ratification of the Con- stitution by Virginia? As the May- { flower glides by Neabsco Creek do { they tell the President that somewhere jin the woods, though not known where, are the graves of Henry Lee and Mary Grymes, father and mother of Light Horse Harry? And across the jriver, near Mattawoman Creek, are | the old home and grave of Gen. Small- wood, one of Washington's generals. Is the little spot of sand that once was Heron Island pointed out to the | President as the first landing place of | the Maryland pilgrims, and when off White's fishing shore, now Colonial Beach, is he told that Jaries Monroe was born nearby? From Maddox Creek to Bridges and Popes Creek is Wash- ington land, and the President must often see the granite shaft at Wash- ington's birthplace. Little farther down is Stratford, where Robert E. Lee was born, and in the Stratford-Nomini region generations of Lees lived. There is scarcely a creek, cove or point the whole way from Washington to Point Lookout that has not memora- ble association with the colonies and with the revolution and the civil war. o The Ohio Disaster. | Although the later reports of the | death toll in Lorain, Ohio, are smaller than those given in the earlier dis patches, the tragedy in the litile Lake Erie city stands as a most shocking cotastrophe. With little | tually out of a clea of w arning, vir- sky. a twisting fur; 1d and rain came sweeping upo sped away, leaving wreckage and death and desolation in its trail. The storm, it seems, lasted only about ten minutes, and in that time it took sixty lives, injured many scorc, made 7,000 homeless and destroyed property val- ued at $25,000,000. Had the storm come a few hours earlier, while the work- men were still in their mills and shops, instead of off duty for the Saturday If-holiday, probably many hundreds would have been killed. These cyclonic storms arise, destroy and evaporate with stunning speed. They seem to come from nowhere. In is case the storm appe: thi developed in Lake Erie, swung to the shore with Lorain as its center, and after devastating that point swung out again. sweeping Sandusky sidewise in passing and losing itself again in the lake. Had it passed inland from Lorain instead of lakeward it would have done frightful damage in the interior of the state, which is thickly popu- lated. Admirable organization for relief followed quickly the first news of the disaster. Provision was made for the homeless and for the injured. Precau- tion was taken against disorder and further loss.. Everything humaniy pos sible was done for the stricken city, so nearly wiped out of existence. Doubt- less even now, within two days of the calamity, plans are being made for re- building. That is the spirit of America. Lorain will rise out of its wreckage as other places in this country have risen after a crushing visitation of na- ture. If meanwhile aid is needed from outside of the state it will be forth- coming in abundance. ———— Campaign calculations grow more precise. A fraction of a vote may de- cide a very serious matter. e — SHOOTING ST. BY PHILANDER JORNSON. Vital Question. Shouts both of censure and acclaim Rang through the lofty hall of fame, Where people talked of everything That human interest can bring To render minds already vexed A bit more painfully perplexed. Weary and hungry patriots stood Each for his sense of right and good; Yet no one touched the subtle chord Which might true harmony afford Until above the mighty din Uttered in tones with rage replete, These poignant words: “When Do We Bat?” ‘We hold discussions erudite In language rugged or polite; But through the land, the men who pay The rent and taxes, day by day, Who run machines or till the ground, These men, though strong for thought profound, Turn at some point in the debate Unto this query, brief but great. Although you tell them how to think And how to pray and what to drink, One problem still they bid us face, Whatever theories we embrace. *Mongst all the questions men repeat, This one must rise: “When Do We Eat Hotel Requirements, “A man in politics must be wide awake.” “He must,” agreed Senator Sor- ghum. “If he has to attend many con- ventions the chances are he won't e able to afford a place to sleep, any- how."” Apathy Dispelled. Our politics showed signs one day Of dolce far niente. ‘We took it to the Great White Way And jazzed it up aplenty. Jud Tunkins says he only believes half he hears, and at that he generally picks the wrong half. Ttinerary. The delegation marched around With cheering open-hearted: , Then, with impressiveness profound, Got back to where it started. Small Chance. “A woman likes to do most of the talking.” “We'll have to get over that idea,” remarked Miss Cayenne, “if we stay in politics.” Doubtful Satisfaction. “You have the right of way over hat reckless driver.” “Yes,” said Mr. Chuggins. “But he nates. Delegates had merely turned |(hat marriage relatives and boyhood | doesn’t seem to know anything about over their credentials temporarily to| friends of Washington lived there, and {it. And if he puts me in the hospital others. Again, definitely named alter- nates sought to vote for others than their principals. The chairman of the convention had his work cut out for him in getting the vote straight, and evem with all the care that was ex- that there was a little wharf called White House Landing to which thou- sands of our old people made “‘excur- sions” when they were children. ‘When the Mayflower passes Gun- ston Cove do the passengers look to a 1 probably won't know anything about it either.” “A man,” said Uncle Eben, “dat keeps talkin’ ‘bout his own rights mos’ generally ain't thinkin' ‘bout mm!_,t PR the community, and as quickly | rs to have | {penses for attending the annual con- | | | ! 3 1 ‘A voice which distance rendered thin | ST IN TODAY’S Probably the most important topic to be discussed by the National Edu- cation Association in session this weck in Washington is that which led today's program—the establishment of u federal Department of Educa- tion, with the secretary having a seat in the President'’s cabinet. This measure was covered in the Sixty- eighth Congress by the Sterling-Reed bill, Kuccessor to the Towner-Sterl- ing DLill of the previous session. In general it is known as the education bill. For years it has had the almost unanimous support of the National Education Association. Opposition comes from such educa- tors as Dr. lot, president emeritus of Harvar Dr. Butler, president of Columbia, and Dr. McCosh, one-time president of Princeton. These leaders argue against any government aid to education. Some years ago, while head of Princeton, Dr. MeCosh bold'v challenged the propriety of govern- ment aid to agricultural colleges, rather than to the great colleges of science and culture. Dr. liot sup- ported the same view in a speech before the National Education Asso- ciation, in which he said: "I know of o’ more mischievous, insidious enemy to a frec republic than this habit of usking help in good works which we ought to attend to our- selves”” Thero are other opponents Who in nearly all cases are found to ! be'allied with institutions for “high- | er “education” supported by private | endowments and tuition fees, and | [ never allied with the public clement- | |ary school system for popular edu- | tion. A second class of opponents are those who are allied witlt parochial | schools, which would reccive no part in the development of the public school system. * The chief arguments used against the measure to nationally recognize educa- tion are based upon the idea that it would put the wchools under federal control and conflict with state rights. If it did not take over the control of the schools, then the expense of the De- partment of Education, it is objected, would be u needless waste of funds for the maintenance of a great bureaucratic organization. This objection is met by for it provides explicitly | “That all the educational facilities en- | couraged by the provisions of this act | and accepted by a state shall be organ- ized, supervised and administered ex- clusively by the legally constituted state and local educational authorities of said etate. and the Secretary of Fducation shall exercise no authority in relation | thereto” section 13, * k% % The department would be organized with ¥, who will it in the | President’s et, rd an assistant secretary, with specialists whose func- t would be research in various lines. The Secretary would be guided by an education council, consisting of Ithe forty-eight state commissioners jof education, together with twenty- five members eminent in educational circles, and twenty-five not connected with education, but who would re resent “the public This councii | would serve without pay, except ex- | a | | | tions ferences. The bill would authorize federal aid to the state for five specific purposes: The elimination of illiterac the edu- cation of the immigrant e promo- tion of physical educat the pro- vision of better trained teachers, and | the equalization of educational op- portunity. It would require that the states must appropriate state funds not less than the amounts received from the government aid, for each of these five school activities, and keep standard accounts subject to audit to show how the money has been expended. The federal aid would not exceed the following amounts, subject to ap- propriations by Congress, from year to year: To remove illiterac of adults, $7.500,000; for teaching immi- srants to speak English and under- stand American institutions, $7.500,- 000: for equalizing educationa portunities by supporting schools within reach of children, where local communities are too sparse or too WASHINGTON, BY PAUL V. COLLINS D. €, MONDAY, J SPOTLIGHT education, $20,000,000; for preparation of Leachers (normal schools). $15,000,- * The supporters of the measure de- clare 4hat the need of federal co- operation is based upon the recogui- tion of the fact that the safety, the prosperity and welfare of the coun- try, as a whole, depend upon the In- telligence and educatlon of its citi- zens. It Is just as truly the duty of the whole people to contribute to the education of all as it Is of e property owner to be taxed for school support, regardless of whether he himself has any children. lliteracy in one state concerns every other state, because the illiterate may, and often does, remove to other localities. Even if he remains In the state of his nativity, his ignorance reduces the production of cotton in the south- ern states, and thereby affects the cotton mills_of Massachusetts. The tlliterate of Massachusetts affects the vutput of her mills and increases the coust of overalls for the cotton grower. Above ‘all, ignorance is a natiomal menace, liable to flame out in de- structive influences in times of stress. For self-defense, therefore, every state is interested in removing illit- eracy, not alone within its own bonndaries, but also in all other staics, for from the other states each is contaminated with the shifting illiterates. Furthermore, since the federal government controls the aud- mission on illiterate immigrants, it should co-operate with the states to which these immigrants go. * % % The menace of ignorance is far greater than the public realized prior to the world war. Most citizens re- sent the idea that their own com- munity holds many who cannot read nor write. Officials of New York State contradicted the statement that the great mpire State held many illiterates, yet investigation by the census demonstrated that it had more than any other state in the Union— 25,000 confessing to no schooling whatever, Census returns on illiteracy are misunderstood by the public, for they show only the confessed cases where no schooling whatever is claimed, whereas Army tests in connection with the draft proved that 24.9 per cent of the men in prime of life, be- tween twenty-one and thirty-one vears of age, were incapable of read- ing a ne aper paragraph, of writ- = shart letter to their home folk or of adding 2 and and giving a correct sum. A quarter of our population, male and female, over ten years of age are illiterate. A third of th population is physically deficient, mostly -due to! ignorance of the ordinary rules of health and nutrition. The draft re- jected as physically unfit for any military service 16.25 per cent and| found qualified only for special serv- ice 13.14 per cent. Only 70.41 per! cent of the men of twenty-one to thirt ne years of age were found really fit for full military duty. If unfit for the Army. although the standards of peace times were lib- eralized 0 as to admit them, then they are not efficient in industry. Three million of our citizens are sick all the time, and it is estimated that 46 per cent of this sickness is preventable. This is a national waste of eficiency in the loss of thirteen days a year for every worker—a total of 350.000,000 days a year. esti- mated to Cost production mnot less than $1.800,000,000 annually. If the| use of $20,000,000 & year of federal| funds and’ an' equal sum of state funds will tend to stop this wasted efficiency, costing $1,800.000.000, it is urged as wise, as a €conomic in- vestment, and that it can be accom- plished best through teaching in the public schools the laws of health, nutrition and sanitation. ** % x The education bill has the indorse- ment of President Coolidge and i supported in the platform of the Re- publican party. A strenuous effort | was made to obtain equal indorse- ment in the Democratic platform, but was defeated, except so far as a recommendation that the government should give advice and aid to states in the cause of education. It appears | that the fear of centralizing educa- tion control-——however unwarranted- brought a rally of state rights sup- porters against a federal Depart- ment of Iducation. % poor to do so, $50,000.000; for physical ! Threat to The defeat of Prime Minister Jan C. Smuts by the Nationalist-Labor party in the general elections of South Africa marked the passing from office of the last great figure of the world war, and in their comment many American editors accord Gen. Smuts a place in fame alongside of | Wilson, Clemenceau and Lloyd George. Some Dbelieve the outcome of the election will be a strong de- mand for the complete independence of that part of the British Empire. Others. however, think the independ- ence movement may soon subside if certain concessions are secured from London. As the Detroit Free Press sees it “the question is whether the tri~ umphant Nationalist-Labor combina- tion, fashioned out of highly incon- gruous material for the immediate object of defeating the veteran statesman, can hold together now that the purpose of the coalition has been achieved.” The coalition that downed Gen. Smuts, the Minneapolis Tribune considers, “has little in com. mon save its sheer desire to rid the country of him as leader”; further- more, “the party with which- Gen. Smuts is aligned is still more numer- ous in the government than any other | party, and’there seems little pros- pect that the Nationalist and Labor parties will be able to continue in #f- fective team work for long.” Neces- sarily the St. Paul Pioneer- Press, “such a government cannot strike out along positive lines of pol- icy, and it must have more of an in- terregnum than a rule. While Gen. Hertzog governs temporarily with the sufferance of Labor, Gen. Smuts will be in excellent position to consolidate his forces and clarify fhe issues on which he doubtless will sooner or later regain power.” “As an_indication of tendency. the result will be considered grave,” ac- cording to the Pittsburgh Gazette- Times, but “it is not yet apparent that dismemberment of the British impire has actually begun.” The Labor party, the Flint Journal points out, “has its own ends to serve, and they will not necessarily be ad- vanced farthest by supporting the independence plans of the National- ists, as the latter are mostly adher- ents of the old Boer element, that never has been satisfied with the union with Britain,” but “they and their Labor colleagues are expected to make a great deal of trouble for the empire faction.” The significance of the election, the Providence Jour- nal observes, “is the fact that repu- diation of the Smuts regime is also a slap at the British Empire. ; At any rate, the Cleveland Plain Dealer maintains, “the results of the South African election may well be viewed with alarm by the leaders of the British Empire, Hertzog, the Ma- tionalist, is slated to succeed Smuts as premier, and the sole ambition of Hertzog is to bring about the seces- sion_of South Africa from the Brit- i Passing of Smuts Viewed as | tions (Copyright. 1924. by Paul V. Coll British Empire/ not clear just how far Hertzog can g0, but the mere fact that the new premier is an out-and-out enemy of the British connection is sufficiently disconcerting. Great Britzin has made every possible concession. Already the South Africans are independent in all but name. It seems to be the name rather than the actuality which is the goal of Hertzog and his tri- umphant irreconcilables.” x ¥ % % The Richmond News-Leader declares that “not South Africa alone obut the whole British commonwealth may be the loser, for the Nationalists are bent on making trouble, and the Laborites on advancing their class interests.” Calling attention to the basis on which the coalition was or- ganized, whereby the Labor party exacted an agreement from the lead- ers of the Boers to shelve the sepa- ratist movement for the present, the Buffalo News insists “the Boers are not likely to be content for Jong to hold this issue in abeyvance” and “later it may develop in a disagree- able way—in a way that may prove very embarrassing to Great Britain. What_this new combination will do, the Newark News argues, “nobody knows,” although “it has deprived Gen. Smuts of his majority and will undoubtedly take over the govern- ment,” but “beyond that nothing is clear and there is no certainty how long the marriage of stubborn burghers and hot-headed Labor radi- cals will last.” Gen. Smuts' retirement from office. the New Orleans Times-Picayune fs confident, “will be regretted, not only by those who hope for friendly rela between the South African states and their late congueror, but also by all who are interested in the bringing together of the nations of the world in an effort to prevent war” ~However, “it is to be hoped that this influence for international good will is not permanently lost. The San Francisco Bulletin recalls that “it was largely due to Ger. Smuts that the Union of South Africa remained within the British Empire and therefore loyal to the allies dur- ing the war, in the early stages of which Germany felt surer of rothing than that the Boers would take full advantage of the situation and set up an independent republic.™ * % k% Smuts “is not done,” in the opinion of the Des Moines Tribune, which suggests “he has been a world figure in the past and may be a world figure again. Already he has been of great service both to South Africa and the Eritish Empire.” The Indianapolis News says, “Americans knew and ad- mired Smuts, for he was liberal with- {out being radical, holding ideais that are assoclated with forward-looking democracies everywhere.” The News concludes: ‘“Whatever is done, Smuts ish Empire and the re-establishment of the two old Dutch republics and the of the defeated,” it is one that ll‘fllidll.» UNE 30, 1924, - THE DARIEN DEADLINE BY LEMUEL F. PARTON. No. 1—The Land of the Pintos. When Richard O. Marsh sent word that he was bringing home white In- dians from the Darien it did not seem startling. A story of Indians with eyes in the middle of their foreheads would have seemed quite credible, coming from this strange region. ¥or the Darien, withstanding the slow encroachments of civilization, has long been a lingering stronghold of the eerie, the fantastic and the in- creditle. 1t is the land of the pinto people—the “picbalds”—spotted like a polka-dot necktie; it is the land of El Tulia Vieja—the “old Tulia,” who murdered her child, and was punished by having her feet turned backward and her body turncd red. She is the evil spirit of the woods must be broken by an is the only remaining country where the Obi man, plucking love charms from live 1 ckbirds, attains dignity which would outshine the president of the American Medical Association. 1t s the only country where even the most primitive natives have a firm belief in mental telepathy, and an equally firm belief in the existence of Gargantuan man-apes. The jefe po- litico of Chepigana, the last outpost of the Panamanian government at the edge of this forbidding jungle. told me in great detail, and with a solemn avowal of truth, of his encounter with one of these strange creatures, “Be- fore God, sir, him were as tall as two men, sir, and had him very red eyes, sir—before God, sir!” Swore Enmity to Whites. T went into the Darien early in 1908 with two young explorers—one a naturalist. They did not survive. In fact, almost no one has ever sur- vived who has dared to cross the dead line, first set across the Rio Darien at El Real by the San Blas Indians when they killed the last of the Spaniards in 1518. Balboa, en- tering in 1512, treated the Indians kindly and was welcomed. The Spanish governor, Pedrarias, who murdered Balboa, killed and tortured them. The Spaniards sought gold. When the Indians got the last of them, they achieved a bit of poetic justice by pouring molten gold down their throats then on they were the impla ¢ enemies of the white man. A few of the African slaves brought in by alboa re- mained and people the villages of Tucuti, EI Real. Las Palmas nd Camoganti. They have remained in savagery, and it is they who have become the spotted people—possibly through consanguinity—no one, not even the anthropologists, seems to know. The gold is still there. On the Rio Darien. on the Balsa, on the Tu on the Coassi Rivers, we us found a “string of colors” around the pan. The n out the gold in a wooden like a huge old-fashioned bowl. Every few years an adven- turer—usually a Chinese, gets up| near the “dead line” with a load of trinkets and “aguadiente”—power- ful and wicked cane whisky. A bottle of this will buy an ounce of Jld dust. On the Avenida Central, anama, there is an old Chinese is—or at any rate was—living in great state, with many servants and a black boy to carry the train of his gold-embroidered robe—all from the proceeds of the Darien thirst. It is the San Blas Indians whose poisoned arrows have withstood in- vaders, even friendly visitors, for | 400 years. This country extends! from Concepcion Cays. on’ the north of the isthmus, about 100 miles | st to Cape Tiburon, on the border of Colombia Vast Resources. butter- The interest in Marsh's exploit in placating these Indians and bringing back the King of the Darien is by no means confined to the scientific. From the time you reach Chepigana, on the harbor of Darien, you find rich forests of mahogany, bongo, cotiva and valuable hardwoods and rubber trees. Although the gold is a thin water concentrate, widely dis- tributed, there is no question that it constitutes a vast .treasure, if properly sluiced. The soil is deep and rich and gives abundant vields of yvams, plantains and rice. In the high Cordillera of the Andes chain, the climate is by no means un- pleasant. B And all this has lain almost with- in a hand's reach of the greatest physical achievement of man—the Panama Canal. Does Marsh's achieve- ment mean that this last stronghold of mystery and melodrama has at last succumbed? (Copyright, 1924. by North American News- | Daper Alliance.) RS o COURAGE L am the master of my fee, e captain of my soul. i e o TENLEY. Given his choice of life work, Au- gustus Saint-Gaudens endured suf- fering in many guises that he might be a sculptor. Born in Dublin, he was taken §o New York when baby. and a b attended the public schools. At thirteen he had to leave his studies to help with the family finances, and | his father, a shoemaker. usked him at he preferred to do. The boy wished to study art, and was appren- ticed to a French cameo cutter. His employer had a violent temper, and for several years made life miserable for the lad, finally, in seething wrath, discharging him, then tried to induce him to return. Young Saint-Gaudens found another employer, and studied art at night often toiling so late that he wa half asleep when he went to work in the morning. With $100 saved. he went by steer- age to Paris when he was nineteen, and by cutting cameos earned enough to study at the Petite Ecole. At the end of three vears he was forced by the Franco-Prussian war to study in Rome, where he endured dire pov- erty. After four years there he pro. duced his first statue, “Hiawatha, but had no funds to pay for cast- ing it Montgomery Gibbs, an aided him, the figure was cast and Saint-Gaudens returned to America, but commissions were few for an un- kunown sculptor. He isited Rome, but had to return to this country to teach in order to obtain food. ow thirty, he tried to secure the order to carve the statue of Admiral Fa ragut in New York, and won by only one vote in the committee. So successful was the execution of the statue that he was commissioned to execute some bas-reliefs for St. ‘Thomas’ Church, New York. Then he carved the Stevenson medallion in St. Giles’ Church, Edinburgh. Later his statues of Lincoln, Logan and Sherman, in Chicago, and of Shaw and Phillips Brooks, in Boston, and his Adams memorial in Rock Creek cem- etery, at Washington, won him world-wide praise. Nations and or- ganizations honored him, and he be- came a leader In establishing art movements. —————— a as American The fellow with money to burn can generally find a flame to accommo- date him.—Nashville Banner: Modern youth may not respeet age. | but it knows enough to pull aside when the horn honks—Baltimore Evening Sun. The office cynic says man takes a chance when he marries, but gets very litWe chance after that.—Jcrsey ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKI! Q. By what name was the King of England known when he was in the British navy?—E. V. R A. When Prince George and his brother Prince Albert Victor were on board the Britannia they were known to their messmates as “Herring” and “Sprat.” N Q. What part of the shipments through the Panama Canal are do- mestic shipments? What is the ton- nage handled?—. M. A. In 1921 only 15 per cent of the canal traffic moved from coast to coast—in other words, $5 per cent was foreign trafiic; in 1922 the domestic shipments increased to_ 29 per cent, and in 1923 they were 52 per cent of the total. These figures show that the increase of the coast-to-coast traffic has been enormous and beyond all previous estimate or expecta- tions. The canal was opened in 1914 and the traffic gradually in- creased until 1921, when 10,500.000 tons were handled; in 1922 13,750,- 000 tons moved through the canal, and in 1923, 25,000,000 tons. Q. How many automobiles are in use in this country now’—N, K. M. A. More than 15,000,000 motor ve- hicles are now registered in the United States. Q. Who was the man with Paul ll}e\cre upon his famous ride’—A. e A. William Dawes was the name of ‘the man who rode with Paul Revere upon this occasion Please name one or two singers pianists who are from uth America’R. B. ‘A. Revato Zarelli, baritone, Chile. Guiomar Novaes is a Brazilian pianist. Q. In the early day; what source did the water? F. G. A. Frontius, the “curator aquaruma’ records that the early Romans se- cured water from wells, rainwater cisterns. the Tiber, and from numer- ous springs. me, from people secure Q. Do any child welfare laws pre- vent children below legal age from appearing on the stage in Pennsyl- vania?—E. S. F. A. Eleven stage acts featuring children below the legal age for employment have been withdrawn as the result of a recent court decision in Pennsylvania. In this case the State Department of Labor and In- dustry, of which Roval Meeker is secretary, prosecuted a theatrical manager who presented two children | in a so-called educational ac child labor act. costs wus imposed Q. How long ago did the Egyptians bégin burying their rulers in the Val- ley of the Kings?—H. L. D. A. This custom was begun in the time of Thothmes I, and was con- tinued to about 1,000 B.C. Q. What foods keep people cool?— S “singing, dancing and * for violation of the A fine of $100 and A. The body-builders which nour- ish without much heat are milk, eggs ! and fish. Fried foods, pastries, sauces gravies and sweets should be eaten sparingly, while fruit and green ve etables should take an important place in the diet. from | | | | Q. Do most of the flowe: agreeable amell7—a: b TS A0 A. A recent Investigation flowers showed that out of 4,200 spe cies of flowers cultivated in Burop: only 420 possess an agreeable pe: fume. It was also discovered 1} at flowers with white or cream-colored petals are more frequently odorifer ous than others. Q. Is “Wang” one of the Gilbert and Sullivan oberas?—J. E. T. A. This opera is often mistakenly attributed o Gilbert and Sullivar but it was written by Theodors Morse. Q. 1 have been told that infan: mortality has been greatly reduced in England. Has the maternal mor tality ‘also reduced proportionately —T. 0.1 S el of cut . A. An important report just pub- lished by the minister of hoamh dis l*u”rs lh;_> conditions affec z welfare of mothers in Great Britain. Although the infant mortality rate in England and Wales has been 1 duced during this century Ly over half, the maternal mortality rate has remained practically stationary About four mothers lose their lives for every thousand children born. Q. How a hair brush ana comb be cleaned?—J. H. F. A. Add a tablespoonful of h - hold ammonia to a quart of water Dip the comb in the solution and serub with a nail brush. Dip tha brush up and down in it. being ¢ ful to keep the back dry. Pass cemb through th bristies rep Iy until clean. Put the brusk unny place to dry, re hristles v Q. Can a bar sinister ever uteheon ?—W A. This mark in heraldry cannot removed until three generation borne it, and even then un | is replaced by some other mark signed by the king of arms less the coat is changed Q. When is St. Grose's day 3 A. This is a term used by sportsmen and refers to the |August, the day upon whi shooting season opens hmallow M Q. How is ma ice cream made A. Boil together for about isix minutes one cup of sugar and half cup of water, s in making fondant. Remove from fire and beat jn one-half pound marshmallows. This sauce n kept in double boiler until serve. Q. When was polo first plaved” W * D. A. Polo is thought to be the ol game played with stick and ball probably originated before the Chr tian era in Persia, where odes we written to celebrate the glory of the game It (If you have a qurstion answered send it to The Star IW/urmu, tion Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Dif rector, 2ist and C streets northwes, The only charge for this ser: I ents in stamps for return posiage.) you want CONVENTION OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE MADISON SQUARE GARDEN, New | Moskowitz, York, June 30.—Newton D. Baker formerly the wife a Pi heires; of a now fervent but futile plea for a league |guished New York authority plank will be immortalized as the {cross of gold oration of the conv tion. No other speech has approached it in eloquence, intensity and pas- sion. Iawas at once the argument of a lawyer versed in constitutional law, the creed of an evangelist and the counsel of a partisan urging idealism as the only party expediency worthy of consideration. There were thou- sands of moist eves in Madison Square Garden as Woodrow Wilson's Secre- tary of War made his heart-stirring appeal for the league. 1f the Baker minority report had won, the Cleve- land “Little Napoleon” might easily have electrified the convention into nominating him for President. That thought caused some one to dub Baker “the John Alden” of the situation, asaing for the nomination of Cox when he might well have been speak- ing for himself. * Not many public assemblages America, political or otherwise, hav seen in action such a battery of vra- tors as held Madison Square Garden spellbound for five hours Saturday night. Bainbridge Colby, William Jennings Bryan, Pittman, Roberg L. Owen, Stephen §. Wise. Newton D. Baker, Homer Cummings, Andrieus A. Jones, David I. Walsh and the young Demosthenes from Georgia Who pro- voked the bair-raising anti-Klan demonstration of the night comprised the silver-tongued compan The speeches were not uniformly good, but each rose above the average of convention , forensics. Though the night was hot, the atmosphere in the Garden insufferably thick, and the debate endless, the huge audi- ence weathered the ordeal with amazing patience. Thousands held their ground from o'clock Sat- urday afternoon 2 o'clock until 2 Sunday morning. It was _the ever-imminent prospect of fight that made them keep the vigil un- complainingly. Nothing thrills a convention crowd like a fracas on the floor or the prospect of one. PR When the anti-Klan mob booed and jeered Bryan. shortly past midnight, it must have recalled to him the days, a quarter of a century ago, when he invaded “the- enemy's country” on Manhattan Island. Then, as now, the Nebraskan turned Floridian was preaching a doctrine which New York thought was the gospel of the evil one. Sixteen-to-one — another “three words,” the phrase on which Bryan dwelt so persuasively in his argument against stigmatizing the kleagles, was not a whit more hated slogan in 1896 than Ku Klux Klan is in the New York country today. Bryan met a familiar foe in Bain- bridge Colby. It was they who went to the mat at San Francisco in 1820 on prohibition. * ot in * ¥ % | How many people in Tex Rickard's | sweltering arena on Saturday, when world affairs were under discussion, remembered that exactly ten years ago that day—June 28, 1914—the bul- let that laid low the Archduke and Archduchess Francis Ferdinand at Serajevo signaled the advent of the world war? The coincidence was re- called by James W. Gerard, American ambassador to Germany at the time, who remembered that this observer steamed out into Kiel harbor that fateful afternoon to notify Germany of the dread news from Bosnia. * ¥ X % The Japanese government has an official observer at the convention in Frederick Moore, the American counselor of Nippon's embassy in Washington, trom Tokio. gering hope that the Democrats would declare for a modified exclusion pol- | icy Instead of the “maintenance of | aver our established position in favor of | the exclusion of Asiatic immigration. * ¥ % ¥ There’s a woman behind the “Al” o p St e e | | economics. Her husband, who also is in the Smith high command, is tho author of the Smith biography. writ- ten on the eve of the convention. Mrs Moskowitz has been acsociaton” woih the governior throughout his offcinl career at Albany, and is his « adviser on the serial legisla i Which both of his_ administrations have Her enthusiasi or s boundless: Fifth avenue, Triumphalis, and masts the convention Via lined between 24gn th streets with electric-light hung with the flags the different states, of the United States and of New York City. There are three masts to a block. The block in which the magnificent Cathol Cathedral of St. Patrick stande. nong Ist street, ppens to signed to the Texas flags, the quiet amusement of thizers, is of re s, much 1o Klan sympg. * It required the polling of t delegation on the religiou. Plank to bring bet the tion the name of the man who mighy] have been nominated for Presideng here but for the ruthless accidents o politics. He is former Senator Atles merene, who voted to name Klan. Pomerene is an Ohio deleg, large. If he 't meon D. F many Deng-| ocratic leaders assert. e would havel been an invincible contender for thel Prize the convention is to award « Ohiol freedom| re conve about Conventionites love the ridiculous, While Gov. Morrison of North Caro-| lina was in the midst of a wild| harangue on the Klan plank. Senato Walsh, who stepped up to whisper warning of the time limit missed an uppercut fros gesticulating right. Walsh d the blow as gracefully us the De crats sidestepped the lcaguel and the Klan. i narrowly| o Olympic Games Outlook.| French officials have been moved 1c mild resentment because the Ameri can and British teams that will pa ticipate in the Olympic games ne Paris are to be housed quarters instead of in the camp bu at Colombes for the accommodatio of all the Olympic competitors. “Ar the American and British athiet prima donnas?” The French inquire “Why should they scorn the faciliti appreciated by other teams?" Unquestionably many Ameri athletes have prima donna tempera ments. In some cases acquired ing in most cases intensified by | American system of athletic training That system requires the utmost con centration on preparation for victory] For such teams as that now on th Wway to Kurope everything possibi is done to enable each atalete 1o b at absolute perfection of form at th instant of his competition. In mos countries preparatign for athletid competitions is an incident in life) For the average American athlcti team it is, for the time being, vir. tually all of life. That system con duces to athletia success. What i does to the permanent prospects and ambitions of the athletes is a poini on_which_opinions differ. The Americans have sailed awa; With high hopes of defending suc cesstully the championship rewo four years ago at Antwerp. Thc hopes” are based principally on t performances of the athletes in ih final tryout at Cambrid wher records were shattered right and 1of in specia | | | who recently returned |The team this year is pronounced by Japan cherished a lin- | competent judges the best the Unit States ever sent abroad. 1t will need to be. fi titlon promises to be T before. Strong athletes hv been bobbing up from various unex pected quarters of the globe, and r the compe little Finland, by winning the winte games, enters the final competitiog] with a start that will be difficult tq Daily Newa.