Evening Star Newspaper, April 30, 1924, Page 1

WEATHER. Showers tonight and possibly tomor- row morning, followed by partly cloudy and cooler tomorrow. Temperature for twenty-four hours ended at 2 p.m. today: Highest, 66, at 4:30 p.m. yesterday ; low- est. 47, at 4 am. today, Tull ‘report on page 7. L Closing N. Y. Stocks and Bonds, Page 30 No. 29,219. post office Was| Entered as second-class matter hington, D. C. 0KILLED, & HURT THISSNG IN WD STORMSINSOUTH Series of Tornadoes Wipe Out Lives, Cause $1,000,- 000 Loss in Three States. GEORGIA, ALABAMA AND McCRAY GIVEN 10 By the Associated Preas. INDIANAPOLIS, April 30.—Warren T. McCray, who until 10 o'clock was Governor of Indiana, today was sen- tenced to serve ten years in federal prison at Atlanta, Ga., and fined $10.- 000 by Judge A. B. Anderson in United States district court for using the mails to defraud. A few minutes before sentence was passed, Emmet F. Branch of Martins- SOUTH CAROLINA SUFFER By the Anso ATLAN ated Press A, Ga., April towns in four southes the brunt of a series of tornadoes that | killed more than twenty persons, | injured forty-two and wrecked property | estimated at nearly a million dollars, Word from Macon, Ga., stated that a | m killed three persons there. | Reports gathered over meager tele- | graph and telephone wires showed a steadily moun| of injured. (ireatest damage was indicated at An- derson, S. C.. where 2 tornado at the ge of Riverside Mill killed nine per- ured more than a score. | were destroyed and the mi dam; ad. Property 1 will reach a half miilion dolla: estimated 30.—A dozen tern states bore today Four Dead., Nine Missing. At Opelika, Ala, four negroes were reported killed five others missing. Twelve settlement were demolished | houses in a uegro At Greenvi said to nesroes are age was e. Ala, four persons are been injured and & Property rd at $150.000. Y. Ga. word was re- considerable property ted, but that no one was m st two dam- i six persons | jured and property 0,000 was done. A wits blown down and a mill » was partially demolished houses and barns were nado at Autaugaville, | d of live stock s badly damagzed. All available doctors and nurses left Anderson, , carly today for the erside il village when word indicating that damage prob- was much greater than at first | NINE KILLED. SCORE HURT. | Twister Does $500,000 Damage in South Carolina Town. | i By the Assariated Prose ANDERSON, persons are C. April 30.—Nine known to be dead and| a score injured as a re-| tornado which destroyed | houses in the Riverside Mill| arly today and damaged the building rty’ damage is estimated at $500.000. | do swept over the south- of the city, which includes » homes as well as the| mill, about & o'clock this| Fears were feit here that | have done further damage| Anderson, but all wires are and it i8 impossible to learn | far the twister's effects were more tha sult of fife village a miil m 1 Tie torr part y Teg rside orning. it may beyond down how felt Th n e prircipal damage to the mill the destruction of the third story e card and twister building. The of Kennedy Strect School blown off, but no one | there, owing to the fact that ado struck before school W, of roof w: Jured the hour: More than a score were injured by nado, which destroyed Afty houses fn the village and damaged the mill building. Property damage < estimated t more than $500,000. The tornado also swept over the | southern part of this city. Fears were felt here that it may have done further damage beyond Anderson, but alk wires were down. SIX INJURED IN STORM. t thi Georgia Town Property Damage Placed at $200,000. By the Associat Press. LAWRENCEVILLE, Ga.. April 30. ——Six persons were injured, a num- ber of residences blown down, part of a mill village demblished and property damage of $200,000 sustained here early today by a tornado which struck this city. 20 HOUSES DESTROYED. Crurch Badly Torn by Wind in Autaugaville, Ala. By the Associated Press. AUTAUGAVILLE, Ala, April 30— Twenty houses and barns were de- stroyed by a tornado which struck here at 2:45 o'clock this morning The Methodist Church was badly torr by the wind. . No one was reported injured, but several head of live stock were killed DEATH TOLL UNENOWN. Several Killed or Injured at Wal- nut Grove, S. C. By the Associated Press. PARTANBURG, S. C., April 30.— Walnut Grove, a small town thirteen miles south of Spartanburg, was struck by a tornado at 10 o'clock this morning and it is reported that sev- eral people were killed or injured. All wires are down and there is no dircct communication with the etricken soction. Several Red Cross nurses and all the doctors available left for Walnut Grove as soon as mews of the storm had been received. THREE EKILLED AT MACON. *Tornado Sweeps Over City—Moth- er and Baby Victims. iated Press. N, Ga., April 30.—Three are @ead and more than a dozen are injured, geveral seriously, as the result of a fornade that swept over a section a few miles south of Macon shortly be. ¥ore 10 o'clock this morning. _The ‘ DAUGHERTY WINS | James M. | the eight delegates at large each hav- | well as taking an active part in ville, lieutenant governor, was sworn | in as governor. He will be in office until next January. McCray, appearing fresh and rest- ed after a night in the Marion County Jall, heard his sentence with scarcely tremor. The same iron nerve tl COOLIDGE AND COX VICTORIOUS IN OHIO President Leads Johnson by 100, 000 and McAdoo Loses State by 35,000. Mill Village Hardest Hit, With| Nine Dead—Wires Down. | Aid Is Rushed. PLACE Former Attorney General Trails Ticket in Most Counties. By the Associated Pre COLUMBUS, Ohio, April 30.—Both President Coolidge and former Gov. Cox of Ohio, the Demo- candidate for President in 1920, won sweeping victories in Ohio’s primary elections yesterday. The vote, however, was probably the lightest ever cast in an Ohio primary election, being officially estimated at about 18 per cent of the potential vote President the the given crat it Coolidge not only won state’'s fifty-one delegations to ational convention, but also was better than a 6-to-1 indorse- ment over United States Senator Hiram W. Johnson of California in the presidential preference contest. Cox Shows Strength. will go before the Democratic national convention with his home state's forty-eight votes pledged to support him and backed up by a popular indorsement of his party by a two-and-a-half-to- one vote over William Gibbs MoAdoo. His probable forty-eight votes will b0 represented by fifty-two delegates, Mr. Cox probably ing but half a vote. Former Attorney General Harry M. Daugherty, defeated four years ago for delegate at large by almost 1,000 votes at the time President Harding carried the state on preference choice over Gen. Leonard Wood by about| 000, yesterday was elected a mem- | ber of the Coolidge slate cf dele- gates at large, but was probably low | member of the Coolidge slate. He, however, won over the highest John- son delegate by about four to one. Women Trail List. Woman delegates trailed the lists in every instance, except on that on the Coolidge slate, where they probably have beaten out former At- torney General Daugherty. E. H. Moore of Youngstown, who managed Mr. Cox's preconvention campalgn four years ago, was elected a district delegate in the nineteenth district and probably will be a can- didate for national commltteeman as Mr. Cox's campaign for the presidential nomination again this year. On the delegation with Mr. Moore will be the former movernors of the state, Judson Harmon of Cincinnati and James E_Campbell of Columbus, and former War Secretary Newton D. Baker, elected as a district delegate in Cleveland. i Mr. Harmon was leading the list of Cox delegates at large by a slight margin over former Senator Pomerene when almost half the precincts of the state had reported. Coolidge Leads by 100,000 The vote in 6,148 precincts in the presidential preferential contest, out of a total of 8,350 precincts in the state, showed President Coolidge leading Senator Johnson by more than 100,000 votes, and former Gov. Cox was leading Mr. McAdoo by al- most 35,000 votes. The vore in 6,148 recincts was: Coolidge, 127,954; Johnson, 20,997; Cox, 55,546; McAdoo, 21,214, President Coolidge carried every county in the state by marjorities ranging from a little more than three to one in Cuyahoga county to as high as twenty to one in some of the small rural counties. Mr. Cox apparently has not been 80 fortunate, as he prob- ably will be forced to yield a few of the smaller counties to Mr. McAdoo. Incomplete returns indicate that Mc- Adoo probably has carried Lawrence, Portage, Vinton and Harrison coun- ties, with a fighting chance in a few other small counties. Fess Leads Slate. Portage county is the home of David L. Rockwell, Mr. McAdoo's na- tional campaign manager. United States Senator Simeon D. Fess was leading the Coolidge slate of delegates at large in returns from 4,918 precincts, with his colleague, Senator Frank B. Willls, running a close second. Mr. Daugherty made nis poorest showing in Hamilton county, where he ran more than 6,000 votes behind William Cooper Proctor, who was high in the list in that, his home county. Mr. Daugherty 'also was outstripped in his old home cour- ty, Fayeite, by both Senators Fess and Willis, and was last in Franklin county (Columbus), his present home. RUNS SOLID FOR COOLIDGE. Massachusetts Also Returns Smith Supporters. By the Associated Press. BOSTON, April 30.—The lone candi- date favorable to the presidential candidacy of Hiram W. Johnson was overwheimingly defeated, and a dele- gation of thirty-nine, solidly pledged to President Coolidge, was elected to represent Massachusetts at the Re- WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 30, AND $10,000 FINE BY U. S. JUDGE Resignation as Governor of Indiana Effective Just Be- fore Sentence Is Imposed—Lieutenant Gov- ernor Takes Office. | ing, YEARS IN JAIL had characterized his actions through- | out the last year of court trials and bankruptcy hearings neld with him. At the adjournment of court, the former governor walked briskly to the United States Marshal's rooms, with eyes straight ahead and no show of emotion. His attorneys like- wise left the court hurriedly and a few minutes afterward were closeted with McCray. McCray will leave Indianapolis on his way to Atlanta at 3:20 o'clock this afternoon, according to present plans. He wound up his personal affairs last night and was sald .to be ready to begin his sentence. It was just twenty minutes after McCray had officlally ceased to be | governor that sentence was passed. He had given his resignation yester- day to Secretary of State Jackson, effective at 10 o'clock this mornin, 79 BODIES DUG OUT | OF WRECKED MINE| Rescuers at Benwood, W. Va.,| Find Thirty-Five Piled To- gether in Tunnel. SEARCH FOR 32 OTHERS May Be Forced to Carry Remaining Victims Four Miles Under Ground. | BY HAROLD K. PHILIPS. Staft Correspondent of The Star. BENWOOD, W. Va., April 30.—Sev- enty-nine bodles have been found thus far of the 111 in Vulture Creek mine, scene of an explosion Monday. Rescue squads, snatching an hour ¢ | Episcopal | pression WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION SPIRITED APPEALS FOR WORLD COURT MADE T0 SENATORS Bishop Brent Presents Stand‘ of Churches at Start of Committee Hearings. FAVORED BY BUSINESS BODIES AND LAWYERS Proposal Declared in Line With American Thought on Peace for Decades. Advocates of American participa- tion in the world court concentrated their forces today before a sub- committee of the Senate foreign rel tions committee and made spirited | and determined pleas for action on the proposal by the present Congress. Bishop Charles H. Brent of the| Church, representing | church organizations, told the com-| mittee that the mandate for the| court “comes from the nation,” and | no longer is “the idea of leaders.” | Tells of Referendum. Presenting what he said repre- sented “the careful conservative ex-| of business,” Walker D. Hines, speaking for the foreign rela- tions committee of the Chamber of | Commerce of the United States, out- | lined approval of the court proposal | in a referendum by that organization and told of resolutions passed advo- cating such an agency. George W. Wickersham spoke for or two of sleep when sheer exhaus- tion compelled it, located thirty-five Lodies last night in a tunnel leading | off from the main passage of the| mine. Like the victims dug from be- neath the debris on the shaft floor yesterday, all had fallen where they had stood, probably before they had | time to realize what had happened " There is hardly a chance left that any of the workers might have es- caped the impact and barricaded shemselves in a side passage against the gas. Vulture Creek mine reaches five miles back into the West Virginia hills surrounding this little town of smoke and industry. Only one en- trance remains open and that is the air passage at the head of “the hol- low.” Forty-Four Sent to Morgue. The first forty-four victims had been dragged out and sent to the morgue in Wheeling by midnight. | Deadly gasses still fill the sub- terranean passes, and the rescue squads are obliged to wear their gas | masks. When they began moving the latest discovered victims it was neces- | sary for them to earry their burdens | nearly two miles under ground to the | air vent and then haul them to the| surface, one at a time, at the end of a stout rope. Then came the eéven more harrow- ing journey down the sticky trail | from the air vent, through Turkey Creek to waiting hearses. Three | farm wagons pressed into service were inadequate and mine officials! hired half a dozen old sleds that skidded over the muddy trail. Four | horses were used to drag each ve- hicle and so arduous was the jour- ney that teams had to be changed | afier every trip. Another wet, sullen day upon the scene and rain fell fitfully | every few minutes, drenching the hundreds of men and women who stood in mud at the foot of ‘the| hollow” waiting for the cortege to| pass. Sad-faced women wearing shawls were present again today, watching for loved ones among the dead, and spectators included members of a theatrical chorus showing in Wheel- dawned Most of the men who were killed in the Vulture Creek mine were strike- breakers. Two years ago the Wheel- ing Steel Company broke relations | with the United Mine Workers of America and a strike resulted. New men were imported from other fields, went to work on non-union wages and broke the strike. Since then the Vulture Creek mine has been an “open” mine. | At the morgue in Wheeling, which is ten miles from here, a curious crowd watches the weeping relatives | of the victims as they come and g0. Men on thelr way to work stop momentarily. Thirty-two bodies are still mine. Rescue workers say another twenty-four hours will ~probably elapse before they are reached, as they are near the main entrance which is so blocked with debris that it would take a week to dig_through. The sappers are boring their way from the air vent end, but before they can continue it will be neces- sary to completely rearrange the ven- tilating system and drive out lurking gases. That alone may occupy half a day, and once the bodies are reach- ed there will be a four-mile tramp through unlighted, rock-strewn tun- nels to the air vent. . Physicians Still on Duty. The same physicians that were rushed to the air vent at the head of “The Hollow” a few minutes after the explosion Monday were still on duty today, taking turns between working among the rescue men in the mine and examining the bodies of the vietims. Dr. William Cruse was ex- amining one of the bodies late yes- terday when he was attracted by a ticking sound. Examining the min- er's pockets, he found a large watch, still running. The body of Russell Williams, formerly with the United States bu- reau of mines, who was caught in the blast, has not yet been recovered. There is evidence that the explo- sion occurred somewhere in the heart of the mine. The experts point out that if it was so deadly in its effect at both extremities of the shaft its force near the seat of origin must have been fearful. BLAST REMEDY PROPOSED. in the | Representative Robsion Says Stone Dust Safeguards Miners. Neutralization of mines with “stone dust” to prevent a recurrence of “coal dust” explosions, similar to the recent Benwood, W. Va., disaster, was ad- vocated in the House today by Repre- sentative Robsion, Republican, Ken- tucky. More rigid legislation by states, publican national convention in the presidential preference primary yes- (Continued em Page 2, Column 2.) (Continued on Page 4, Column 2.) A rather than the federal government, he said, should be ecnacted to safe- guard miners. | told | found them inadequate. | the American Bar Association and the committee that Presidents Harding and Coolidge, Secretaries Hughes and Hoover, Elihu Root and | many others had reviewed the re: sons advanced against American a herence to the court and each had All of the witnesses insisted Amer- ican participation in the court would not bind the United States in any way to the league of nations. | intry of the United States into| the world court is of “immediate im- | portance” to the well being of Amer- | ica and to the peace of the world, Bishop Brent declared at the opening | of the hearing. He asserted that “friends of the court” constituted the | majority of the thinking citizens of | America. “The people are ahead of the govern- ment in the matter of constructive work for peace, and ars growing in- ereasingly impatient .with . said Bishop Brent, adding that Chair man Lodge of the foreign relations committee had “damned the court with faint praisc” in his “apologies” for the failure of the committee to act. Diucation Agminst War. Education against war has pro- gressed with extraordinary swiftness, Bishop Brent said, but “education in moral substitutes for war is not keeping | pace.”” He predicted that further agree- | ment for limitation of armament would become “a pale phase of pacifism” unless supported by parallel measures to provide peaceful settle- ment of disputes. “America’s adherence to the world court is a matter which by its inherent worth has been lifted above party politics,” the bishop said. While churchmen are against “put- ting Christ in khaki,” Bishop Brent said, “they are not pacifists. They take the position,” he said, “that duly erected courts should be constituted to settle disputes i “Unless our government provides a | moral substitute for war,” he con- | tinued, “as far as in it lies, a vast proportion of our citizenry are pres- | ently going to find themselves in the | predicament of being opposed to war | as an arbiter in international dis. putes, but without any provision hayv- ing been made for an adequate sub- stitute of a peaceful and orderly character. Moreover, I venture to maintain that the mandate for this court comes from the nation. In other words, it is no longer the idea of leaders, but the program of the people.” Terms of Average Ma “1 speak in terms of the average man, whose knowledge of govern- | mental thought and action comes| through the public press, when I say it is a puzzle why any measure of the origin and history of the one under consideration should be treat- ed as it has been. Placed before the country by the party in power, in- dorsed br the opposition, it stands| in peril of death from neglect on the | part of its parents. “In other words, a measure orig- inally considered so important as to call “for wide publication by the chief leaders of the administration and which caught the attention of the ends of the earth by tacit con- sent has been passed over for other proposals which, however important, are little known to the country at large. | Loas of Perspective. “This government appears to the average citizen to have lost its per- spective in international affairs,” Bishop Brent declared. He denied the court was an ap- pendage or toll of the league of na- tions, asserting that “Secretary Hughes' reservations have made it truly a world court.” Walker D. Hines, representing the foreign relations committee of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, described the taking of a ref- erendum on the question by that or- ganization, which he sald resulted in an overwhelming vote in favor of the United States initiating some sort of international tribunal. The an- nual meeting in 1922, he added, spe- cifically approved the present world court, and in 1923 the chamber ‘re- iterated its conviction that the United States should adhere to the proocol establishing a world court.” “President Harding, Secretary Hughes, Secretary Hoover, Mr. Root and many others have reviewed the reasons advanced for refusing Ameri- can adherence to the court and have vigorously demonstrated their inade- quacy. “The ‘reason so advanced may be briefily summarized: The court was organized by the league of nations. is connected with it, and the United States, therefore, can have no part ‘n it. But the reservations proposed by (Continued on Page 3, Column 3.) | strument in honor of her mother GREAT ORGAN GIVEN 70 CATHEDRAL HERE | Bishop Freeman Announces New England Woman's Donation at Annual Meeting. LIBRARY CONTRACT SIGNED| Memorial Wing to Be Finished in| Year, Says Dean. Announcement of the anonymous gift of & great organ. to be installed | in the National Cathedral at Mount| St. Albun was made today by Rt Rev. James E. Freeman, Bishop of | Washington, at the annual meeting | of the National Cathedral Associa- | tion in Whitby Hall ! Another outstanding announcement was by Dean Bratenah!, who saig that it is now expected that the en- | tire sum needed to complete the vast | cathedral is expecled.iq .be-in 1] hands of the treasurer within years. Largest in This Hemisphere. The donor of the organ is a New | two | said, who is giving the musical in- The | organ is expected to be the greatest | ever constructed in this hemisphere. | Dean Bratenahl told the associa- | tion further that a contract for the | memorial wing of the library pre-| sented by Mrs. Janin in honor of her | mother had been signed recently, and | a promise of its completion iwithin | the vear had been made. This library he said. is to contain 300.000 volumes eventually, and will be on the | greatest collections of theological | works in the world. |e Twenty-five thousand books already | have been presented in collections from various sources during the past cear. He also announced that con- tracts for oertain parts of the crypt are to be signed in the near future and will be completed probably in a year's time. Gift of Rare Chalice. Another beautiful gift announced this morning is an Elizabethan chalice dating back to 1570, from an old English church, the gift of Maud Ely Gibbons, in honor of Richard Morris Ely, which is now being kept in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, in New York, until time for its in- stallation. The gifts of several valuable paint- | ings and other donations to the cathedral during the past year also were announced 1 Mrs. William C. Rives read the re-| port of activities of the Washington committee during the past winter, and | also the report of the treasurer, Cole- man Jennings, showing a balance on hand of $14,000 April 29. Pictures of Building. Following moving picture slides of the progress of the building of the cathedral and architect’s drawings, the members of the association were enter- tained at luncheon by Bishop and Mrs. Freeman in St. Albans’ Guild Hall, and a reception will be held by Bishop and Mrs. Freeman for the delegates and invited guests at 3 o'clock this after- noon. | Previous to the meeting of the as-| sociation holy communion was held in | the Bethlehem Chapel, together with memorial services for the late Bishop | Harding. The day’s program will close with choral evening song sung by the cathedral choir in Bethlehem Chapel at 4:30 o'clock. ROOSEVELT TO LEAD | CAMPAIGN FOR SMITH Selected Chairman of State Com- mittee to Promote Gov- ernor’s Candidacy. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, April 30.—Franklin D Roosevelt, former assistant secretary of the Navy, was today chosen chair- man of a state committee which will promote the candidaoy of Gov. Alfred E. Smith for the Democratic presi- dential nomination, e WRITER KILLS HIMSELF. Robert E. Hughes Ends Life in Hotel Room. LOS ANGELES, Calif., April 30— Robert E. Hughes, twenty-six, maga- ening Star. “From Press to Home Within the Hour” The Star's carrier system covers every ity block and the regular edi- tion 1s delivered to Washington homes as fast as t 1924 —-FIFTY-TWO PAGES. SENTING HER FAVORITE \Gen. Dawes Calls On Officials Here With Associates Charles G. Dawes, accompanied by Owen D. Young and Henry M. Robinson, who associated with him in the expert committee ry into the reparations prob- lem, made a round of official ca today in Washington ey spent more than an hour with Secretary Hughes, but had no statements to make afterward Since the United States was not ncerned in any official way with the proceedings of the reparations committees in Paris, Gen. Dawes “nd his associates had no occasion to present formal reports. Gen. Dawes also called on_Secretary Mellon, but Treasury officials said the visit was purely a personal one. CONFEREES SETTLE BONUS DIFFERENCES were Senate and House Is Predicted. | England woman, Bishop Ireeman| RETAIN DATE FOR POLICIES| Amendment to Extend Issuance Time Six Months Rejected. An agreement was reached today by House and Senate conferees on differences over the soldier bonus bill. Most of the provisions in dispute were of a minor nature and early ratification of the conference report by the Senate and House was predict- by the conferees, who agreed unanimously on the report. The bill then will go to the President. Report Likely Tomorrow. Senator Curtis, Republican, Kansas, sponsor of the bill in the Senate, said the conference report probably would be submitted to the Senate tomorrow. The conference rejected the Senate amendment extending from January 1. 1925, to July 1, 1925, the date of is. suance of the policies. JAPAN SEEKS NEW PACT WITH FRANCE Would Negotiate Commercial Treaty to Replace One Had Before War. By the Associated Press. TOKIO, April 30.—Viscount Ishil, Japanese ambassador to Paris has approached the French government with a proposal to negotiate a new treaty of commerce and navigation, the Associated Press learned today from an authoritative source. This treaty would supersede that of 1912, which was abrogated after the war, when France renounced all commer- cial treaties. In this connection it was categori- cally stated by the foreign office that a political understanding is not contemplated by either France and no conversations to that end have been undertaken either in Tokio or Paris. The attention Tokio is giving to Franco-Japanese relations is eecond only to that concerning the American immigration issue. This is due primarily to the imminent visit here of Marshal Merlin, governor general of French Indo-China. TOLL GATES BLOWN UP. Two Near Staunton, Va., Wrecked ‘With Dynamite. STAUNTON, Va. April 30.—The toll gates on the Middlebrook road, near here, were blown up with dynamite early today. One, about a mile from Staunton, was completed wrecked and the other was badly damaged. No one was hurt. Authorities believe persons who have opposed collection of tolls on the Middlebrook road set the explo- sive. Former Representative Dies. zine writer and former publicity man for William 8. Hart, motion picture actor, shot and killed himself In his room at a Hollywood hotel last night, ST. LOUIS, April 30.—David Patter- son ‘Dyer, elghtv-six, former repre- sentative and federal judge, aled here yesterday, ne, Early Ratification of Report By Japan__or | O STATES START FIGHT ON CHILD LABOR CURB Proposed Amendment—Age Limit Attacked. EDUCATOR CALLS 18 T00 HIGH | | Youth Can Work Safely After Six- | teen, Declares Dr. Butler. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Although the child labor amend- ment has passed the House by a more than 4-to-1 majority, it is like ly to' be seriously opposed in the | Senate. New England and the south | are expected to join hands in fight- ing the measure. They hope between them to mobilize enough votes to prevent the two-thirds necessary to enactment. “States' rights” is the battle cry to be raised by-the oppoments of the Shortridge amendment, which is identicul with the Foster amendment | approved by the House. tain southern and New England states with textile industries are against the bill because of its wide- spread effect on child labor in cotton |and woolen miils, objections generally will be based on the ancient principle of states’ rights. Ample Safeguards Claimed. North Carolina, for example, which has a flourishing textile industry émploying thousands of youths under eighteen years of age, claims that state laws already in existence amply safeguard the welfare of such chil- cational standpoint. New England states, in which there is opposition to the amendment, take the same position. They contend that child der existing laws and and that there is no necessity for interference by federal statute or constitutional decree. . Over and above these concrete ob- jections, the Senate fight on the child labor amendment will be based broadly on opposition to further con- stitutional encroachment upon the erogatives of the states. Spokes- 1 of conservative communities like New York State, such as Senator James W. Wadsworth, jr. republi- | can, are ready to oppose the Short- | ridge amendment on the ground that regulation of child labor is one of the distinctive provinces of a sov- ereign state. Age Limit Attacked. Pressure is also being brought to bear upon the Senate to reduce the child labor age limit from eighteen years, as provided by both the House and Senate amendments, to sixteen years. One of the most impressive proponents of the lower age limit is Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia University, who has ad- dressed strong representations on that score to Senator Shortridge and Senator Wadsworth. Dr. Butler declares that in those countries where education is best de- veloped and best organized there is widespread co-operation _between school instruction and gainful occu- pation after the age of sixteen. “What I want to point out,” says Dr. Butler, s that any legislation which wholly prevents gainful occupation between the ages of sixteen and eighteen will certainly be damuging to our people and not beneficial to them. For cxample, tens of thousands of American youth do what I myself did, namely, earn by their own efforts while at college the money necessary to meet the cost of their higher edu- cation. At Columbia University we have hundreds of such, and it would be a grievous injury 'to make this method of meeting the cost of higher education impossible or illegal for those who were below the age of eighteen and above that of sixteen. Think of Small Children. “I find that when some of our friends talk of child labor they have in mind the heavy work of young children in factory, in mine or in some other arduous form of occupa- tion. This Is, of course, inadvisable, but those lighter forms of gainful oc- cupation which may be carried on while the formal educational process is being continued may be, and fre- quently are, an educational aid and not an educational handicap.” Dr. Butler fears that if the child labor limit is raised from sixteen, as originally proposed, to eighteen, there will be “bootlegging” of child labor. “In other words,® he says, “we shall have one more amendment and one more set of statutes based upon that amendment that are an incentive and |an invitation to lawlessness. Youths |over sixteen years of age cannot be regulations Yesterday’: New England and South Oppou‘ While cer- | dren from both a sanitary and edu- | labor is considerately looked after un- | he papers are printed. s Circulation, 99,454 TWO CENTS. POLICEFIREMEN'S PAY RAISE KD IN ‘SENATE COMMITTEE {Measure Ordered Favorably | Reported — Teachers’ In- crease Bill to Be Rushed. | | SCHOOL AND CITY HEADS TO BE HEARD MONDAY Move to Add Two to Public Utili- ties Commission Also Approved. The Senate District committee today ordered reported favorably the police and firemen's pay bill, and later Senator Ball, chairman of the Dis- ‘lrwl committee, submitted the repor: |and the bill was placed on the | calendar. | The bill [ wi as reported is identical ith the bill as it passed the House, ‘exczpl that Senale committee in | creased the salary of four inspectors |in the fire department from $2,000 to 32,160 each, and made the bill apply also to the park police. The school teachers pay bill w | considered by the committee but ac tion was deferred on the motion of | Senator King of Utah, so that the full committee might have an oppor- | tunity to hear the District Commis- { sioners and Superintendent Ballou of the public schools They will b heard at a meeting of the committee at p.m. Monday Earley Action to 8e Asked. After this hearing, the committee will be asked to act promptly on the | bill so that it may be reported to the Senate without further delay and | passed at the present session of Con- | gress. Senator King, who asked for {the further hearing, declared that in his opinion there would be plenty of time to put the bill through Senator King's attack on the teach- er's pay bill w directed at some of the salary schedules which he 1 | sisted were too high. He also urg he abolition of the office of super | vising principal, declaring that they | were not needed. There are thirteen of these officials. Senator Capper of Kansas defend- | ed the teachers’ pay bill as it pass- ed the House, and said that in his opinion the increases provided for the teachers and the school officials were well deserved. Senator Shep- pard of Texas also expressed the opinion that the teachers should have the increases providec the House | bill. He said that the teachers were | notoriously underpaid for the work they do, and that the government should #et the exampie to the coun try of paying adequately for w performed. Cites Imereased Costs. Senator King | salary schedules schools propbsed House bill woul annual salary bill Idoilar: plus to plus.” This was not a fair statement of the case, Senator Capper declared sinoe only under the supposition that all of the school teachers would re- main in the service for ten years or more and be advanced to the maxi- | mum rates would the total salaries |for the teachers reach more than | $7,000,000. e pointed out that many | teachers drop out of the system every | year. Senator Capper presented a table also which showed that the in- | crease in salaries for the first year | under the Keller bill would be $415.- | 9505 in the fifth year. $1.26 : in | the'tenth year. $2177,460, ‘and in the | fifteenth year, $2,283,145. This table showed also the annual pay bill for the teachers under exist- ing law was $4.764,850. and that under | the Keller bill it would be $5,150.800 in 1929, it would be under the present law, $4,949,345, and under the Kel- ler bill, $6.218,700; in 1934 $5.033,640 under existing law, and $7,211,100 u der the Keller bill and in 1939, $5.033, - 855 under existing law and $7.317,000 under the Keller bill. These figures he said, were based on the premise that the teachers would all remain in the service and reach the maximum rates. Asks Further Information. Senator Ball, chairman of the com mittee, agreed that it would be well for the committee to have more light from the school authorities and the District Commissioners, particularly on some of the larger increases in salaries proposed, and the proposal of Senator King that these offictals should be heard by the full commit- tee was then adopted Senator King insisted that the Dis- trict Commissioners were opposed to the Keller salary increases, but Senator Capper was equally insistent that the Commissioner had acqui- esced in the proposed salaries The salary schedule for the park police inserted in the police and fire- men's pay bill by the Senate commi - tee is as follows: Lieutenant, $2,700: first sergeant. $2.400; sergeants. | $2.300; privates, class three, $2,000 | each: privates, class two, $1,800 each: privates, class one, $1,700 each. Thess | Fates are, except in the case of the | licutenant and first sergeant of the | park police, $100 less than the corre- sponding salaries fixed for the metro politan police because the park police have their uniforms furnished by the government. Asks Beauty Protection. | Senator King strongly urged that something be done to strengthen the | present zoning law so as to protect the City of Washington from dis- | figuring_ structures and to maintain | beautiful residential sections. Senator | Eawards of New Jersey, who has conferred with Engineer Commis- sioner Bell and his assistant. Maj. Wheeler, said that he believed there is at present law enough on this mat- ter, with one or two minor changes He was instructed by the committes to bring in a bill making those changes. ‘The Senate committee ordered a fu- vorable report on a_ bill introduced by Senator Ball after consultation with the District Commissioners, | amending the public utilities act =o as to provide for adding two mem- bers to the Public Utilities Commis- sion who should give their whole time and atiention to the work of that commission. The District Com- missioners under the terms of the bill would continue to serve also ux members of the Public Utilities Com- | mission. The bill provides that one of the | mew commissioners snail be a lawyer, d declared that for the Di in the Keller the t ‘from three million million dollars increase ven (Continued on Page 4, Column 4) ¢ b (Continued on Page 2, Column 5.)