Evening Star Newspaper, March 1, 1924, Page 4

4 * Wiil Inquire Into Standard Oil Rights to Section of Cal- ifornia Reserve. President Coolidge, within a very short time, will announce the ap- pointment of a special counsel to con- duct an Investigation into the rights of the Standard Oil Company to a section in naval oil reserve known as No. 1, located in Californi In making this known at the White House it was cxplained that President will appoint a lawyer well versed in land titles and land litiga- tlon, fnasmuch as the validity of the title held by the andard Oil in- volves purely a question of construc- tion of the law. Former Senator Atlee Pomerene of Ohio, .one of the two special counsel appointed by the Prosident to pro cute the ofl' ‘leas case to the President today Andrew Squire of Cleveland, Ohio, p law partner of | It was explained by Mr. Pomerene that Mr. Squire is not under consideration for the counsel to investigate the Standard Oil naval ofl lease. ~ . May Incrense Rates. As a result of the invest completed by the Tariff Commission into the tariff schedule on wheat and wheat products, it is understood from an official source that President Cool- 1 order an increase in the ‘This action on the part of the President will be under the provi- slons of the flexiblé provisions of the tariff act, and to those who are in a position to_know, it was intimated today that Mr. Coolidge will increa the duty on this commodity. to 45 cents, the maximum allowed under the law ‘The report to b dent by the commi today will show, it i difference in the production cost’of wheat In Canada and in the United States, greater than is represented in the present duty of 30 cents a bushel Opposed to Pay Boost. Those who have talked with President on the subject lately are convinced that he will oppose any general increase at this time in the pay of the postal employes. There is Jation pending in _ Consress which would provide a gencral in- crease amounting to $125.000,000 and probably ind President Cool- J < expressed himsell as class g proposed legislation with t batch of appropriation bills which he has sald would have a dis turbing and serious effect on the country If enacted. { "Bhe President, however. is known to feel that the proposed inc the postal s to a larse ex- ent justified he would like to pProve it on the grou at ers. gererally should r compensation, but 1 wwould be oo much of a drain on th public Treasury at this time. He would like to see inequalities in the pay of postal employes wiped out but not through a _general inercase the salaries of everybody service. Mr. Pomerene. tion nt to the Presi- fon probably late understood, a the believes in the Peace in Mexico. Indications of the restoration by President Obregon of orderly cond tions in Mexico are seen b Jiere in the falling off of com from Americans in Mexico of turbances in thelr vieinity . ‘The American government, it was said at the White House, has no ans of getting a comprehensive picture of the eituation in that would disclose the exXte which the revolt has alread crushed. During the earlicr d the revolutionary movement ever, there were frequent complaint: of disorder from Americ: ource in_ Mexico and these have not been repeated recently. .. EGYPTIANS “DRIVE OF in F” DRAGONS EATING MOON Beat Tom-toms and Sing Chants to Ward Off Evil as Eclipse Rouses Fears. By Cable to The St Coprrigh LUXOR, March 1. the educational proble confront the new Egyptian govern ment may be derived from the fol lowing incident: There was an eclipse of the moon last Wednesday night nd great throngs of the native pop- ulation went for beating tom-toms, drums and tin cans and singing magic chants to ward off the dragons devouring the moon which is a pop- ular and deep-set superstition at- tributed always to this event. . HAS ANTI-CIGARETTE LAW. cago Daily News. Some idea of Hundred Lashes Is Penalty for Vio- | lating It in Tibet. From the New York Herald. The Tibetans are relaxing some of thelr blue laws slightly, according to DF. W. M. McGovern, an New York recently for a lecture tour. Jormerly the penalty for smoking cigarettes was to have both eves zouged out, he said. To i the penalty. “To smoke cigarettes is a disgrace, as‘opium smoking is in this country,” sald Dr. McGovern. “The Tibetan traders, crossing into India, contract ! the habit and sometimes smuggle cig- nrettes back with them. The punish- ment for many offenses’ has been odified, but the removal of the eyes a legal penalty for many case: Dr. McGovern entered Tibet about aiyear 1go Jukn, who formed the “Buddhist Mis- They took that name because ir purpose was to study problems ated to Buddhism. They had pro- ssed only a short way when they re seized and hustled out of Tibet. McGovern, _however, turned und and went back alone. He had rned the Tibetan language in Mon- ita. k —_ Deaths Reported. e following deaths have been reported to health department in the lust twenty-four re: fary F. Burnctt, 07, Emergency Hosphtal harles E. Macfarland, 65, Gallivger. Hos- 1. ; felene Bell Palmer; 19, 3707 35th st Cilliam Urbutis, 40, St. Elizubeth's Hos- o T, Garges, 53, United States navy sard. eorge’ Edwin Gaylor, 50, Garfleld Hospif larkson B. Sherwood, 34, 21 Bryant st. birley E. Downing, 37, Emergency Hospi- rgaret Schaefer, mes Gibson, 67, % fctor Prons nergency Hospital, tephen Van ftens 55, 1316 16th st. ohn Will am Whelan, 5 days, $8A Rates st. fafant of Dunbar C, and Helen Willlamson, minntes, 1025 Sth £t ohn Jackson. 80, Georgetown Hoxpital. ry Blizabeth Smallwood, 61, 22§33 'C st. [ohn F. Ford. 53, 1244 Linden st. n.e. v men's Hospital. 33, Walter Hos- i Mary Brown, 87, 1028 Lees ct. Clarence Brown, 16, Freedmen's Hospital. Harden Brownes, 8 months, Children’s Hos- yital. William A. Rollins, 1 month, 11 Ist st. n.e. Real Devotion. * ¥rom the Western Christian Advocate. “Hubby—I see that Stoneham, who «ied the other day, left his wife one- a]¢ million. How would you like to Te_his widow i Wifey—Now, vou know 1 would yathey be yours, dear: - PRESIDENT TONANE SPECIAL ATTORNEY the | in | s alone which | American | stulent of Buddhism, who arrived in} ¢ 100 lashes | with_four other white | Senate Ruling on tary Precipitated by A Discussion of the oll scandal, which led to a bitter clash between him- self and Senator Lenroot of Wis- consin, was precipitated in the Sen- ate yesterday afternoon by Senator Heflin of Alabama, demoerat. Sen- !nmr Heflin said that he might call {on the Senate by resolution to ex- 1 Tress itself on the propriety of Sen- ators Lenroot and Smoot making what he characterized as “secret” visit to former Secretary Fall while } December. After dwe gome length ling upon the visit at Senator Heflin demand- ed to know who suggested to Fall jthat he tell the committee that Me- i L an loaned him the money. “About the most dispicable of hnman beings"” interrupte Senator Lenroot, s “the assassin of charac- jter, and T have a right to ask the | senator from Alabama_whether he intends to insinuate by Innuendo jthat I had any part in concoct'ng a 1 on the part of Senator Fall?” No, 1 have not accused the senator of trying to concoct a lie said Sen- ator Heflin. “But T will ask that question ‘many a time—who ever jsuggested to Fall to state that he g0t his money from Ed McLean Denounces Insinuations, “Again I want to say.” returned {Senator Lenroot, “that I cannot think |of anything more despicable than the |Insinuations the senator from Ala- {bama would leave with the Senate.” o cannot think of anything more despicable,” Senator Heflin replied, j“than a partisan senator leaving his committee room without telling an jmember except another partisan and {going into the crimi i ie room of the criminal \charged, under indictment, and talk- {ing to him about what he ought to {say or ought not to say and then not tell the comumittee all about it. The ‘sterday he had told sk the senator what 1 Shortly after Mr. McLean's {mony." "Senutor Lenroot repiied. - ated to the senator from Montana Senator Walsh) that Senator Fall had lied to the senator from Utah r. Smoot) and myself as he had ihe committee. A week or ten days ago 1 told this whole story, as 1' told it yesterday, to the senator {from Washington (Mr. Dill), another {democrat on the committee.” DIll Reply Difters. “If the senator from Wiscondin told me the whole story as he told it here, |1 did not so understand it," inter- rupted Senator Dill. “I never knew and I never had any idea there had {been” any mecting between Senator Fall, the senator from U I senator from Wisconsin.” Is there < other witne nator would like to put up? asked I::\lnl" Heflin, teceiving no reply he asked Sen- or Walsh about the matter. s | “I would not undertake,” said Sen- tor Wa o0 say that the senator {from W sin did not say to me {just exactly what he said be said. I ](In recall that the senator from Utah told 1me, after I got back from | { Florida, 'that Senator Fall had told {him that he had got the money from { McLean.” “Did he say anything about calling on him at Wardman Park?" inquired | Senator Heflin, | Visit Was Implied. | 6, he did not,” was the response. “Of Course, the statement that he did make necessarily implied that he {had met Senator Fall somewhere.” | Senator Lenroot ter told the Sen- Jate that he had visited Fall to urge { that he come before the Senate and {tell the whole truth about the mat- ter, and that he did that as a matter d that there was jnothing improper about it, and called | lupon Senator Walsh to bear witness. | "“I cannot sce any impropriety in {that visit at all” returned Senator { Walsh. “Neither' of the senators In- {aulzed the suspicion about this {whole transaction with which T was | senator stated v lone or two. 1 {Senator he told? H{ mpressed from the very beginning. ? BURNS MUST EXPLAIN USE OF OFFICIAL CODE BY McLEAN’S AGENTS (Continued from First Page.) | Dopartment of Justice, as an active informant of McLean on develop- iment in the Teanot Dome inquiry, fand is the first direct link—except for one message from E. S. Roches- ter—between the department and any of the principals in the oil loase scandal.” The code message and the para- phrase, the World says, read: “Mr. W. O. Duckstein, Palm Beach: “Haxpw sent overbuy bonka and nhouseholder bonka suitry tkvouop prozics bepelt goal hocusing this pouted proponent. (Signed) TARY. “Paraphrase: Sent_for by Burns, who told me to say McLean investigation is under way by special agents of Justice De- partment. He belleves information is important. (Signed) “MARY.” (Qnigley, chief telephone operator of Washington Post.) ‘The World says that one of the first sieps of the Senate public lands com- i mittee will be to ascertain how a De- partment of Justice code got into the possession of McLean and his con- dant: One defense likely to be of- fered by the department officials, the | story says, is tl McLean for some time has been a secret agent. Literal translations of other of the code messages follow January 9, 1924, Edward McLean, Palm Beach, “Jaguar Baptisticai towage Beadle 1235 Huff pulsator | of that THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, Lenroot Visit To Fall May Be Asked by Heflin Hot Clash on Propriety of Call Upon Former Secre- ttack of Alabaman on Wisconsin Senator on Floor. “I cannot doubt for a moment that the suspicions of the senator from Wisconsin and the senator from Utah must have been aroused con- cerning this matter before they visited nator Jall. That is the plain ent of the thing and I again say that 1 can see no impropriety in those two gentlemen, political friends and former associates of Senator Fall, going to find out what the trouble was_about the mat Of course, it would have been a happier circum- tance, 1 say frankly, if the senators had promptly come before the com- mittee and told us ths a t they he was at Wardman Park Inn last|Visited Secretary Fall and what he had told them.” Thought Fall Told Truth. “1 want to say.” interrupted Senu- tor Smoot, “that when Senator Fall sent that letter to the committeo (saying he had_borrowed the money from McLean), 1 b -d it as much as 1 ever believed thing that ever me to my notice. I thought every word in it was true” ent the statement of the sen- " replied S or Walsh, “and I no doubt it is cor but he could not have aceepted it he had not been de dly friendly to the causs of Senator Fall, b use no one take that letter and look at It nd imagine that it was tatement of the affair work of it was true.” interjected Senator Smoot. “If the scnator had conversed with people about town who Kknew an; thine about Ned M n" Senator Walsh said, “I undertake to say that ine out of every ten would ha en_able to tell him it could not possibly be true.” Knew Nothing of McLean. “I knew nothing about McLean nor his finanecial condition,” replied the Utah senator. Sonator Lenroot then was able to continue his addre: “If there was anvthing discredit- able in urging Senator Fall to come before the committee,” he said, “and disclose fully to the committée the sou of this money, then I am guilty of an impropriety, but not otherwise. I thought a public serv- fco was belng rendered in doing what was_done. Senator Lenroot then referred to an earlier statement by Senator Heflin that the McLean private wire “per- haps went into the White House,” and stated that he did not o under- stand it. “What are the facts about it?” asked We Senator Hetlin. “I'do not know." was the reply. will ‘find out before we get through, I hope, as to the facts, but ghere is no private wire into the Wiite House as I understand the telegrams.” nator Dill said he also understood there w no private wire into the White House, but that the telegrapher operator at the White Hous the private wire for McLean. “'Of course, we will tind out ) about that before we get through,” Senator Lenroot said. *The committee has not yet completed its investigation ubject. It doe amine all of the pa telegrams, among them the telegrams respecting or ence to the White Ho DIl Rends Telegram: Senator Dill read the McLein tele- arams relating to the private wire and the cmployment of Smithers to operate it. Then, summing them up, he said: “I read a moment ago 4 telegram from the confidential man of Attorney General Daugherty, giving Mr. MoLean privats dvice to the working of this committee investigating him, because of the way he had deceived the com- mittee. The trail of this thing goes the rounds of the Executive's officers, and, it seems, even in his own office. “As yet we have had no word explanation why & man who is pr confidential wire man at the Whi House should become the private wire | man of Edward McLean, a man who| is clearly guilty of perjury before the committee and who is clearly guilty | of having deceived the committee and the country, and in combination and in harmony’ with Mr. Fall, ‘who sscld the oil reserves of the country.” aving refer- in te | commensal abad cpaque hosier i tionary. Clot prattler lamb rovod " timepiece nudity. lectionary chincilla peternet bed gled tip rale overshade quake pentecost swine herd lamb lambert eulogies lodgment, reveling hosier en- capsulates Ketose bombardment Ro- mancer Commensal ketose lambert konlte reeve lectionary jaguar baptis- tical fitfullhuff. Waxwork pairless cascade wippen. WOD. Paraphrase, “Zevely believes inv tigation is progressing entirely in your favor. He doésn’t think much of Walsh as a_cross-examiner. He thinks you needn’t worry about ap- proaching examination. Zevely went over with Lambert. questions that will probably be asked you and Lam- bert will_advise vou regarding an swers. Walsh due § o'clock Friday morning. William O. Duckstein.” January 11, 1924, Edward McLean, Palm Beach, “Cravingly in _dxewoux resurge ledgment aliment fastidious tuck skewered suckled scrag-emerse vethousl punctators gob. Virgin lec- tlonary jangler highlander ~kelder hobgoblin roguery awbuck hosier bonka gob saline dismounted renom- inated torso. WOD." Paraphrase, “According to Lambert’s instructions, the papurs have been put in the safe deposit box belonging to you and_ Fraziee in the Commercial Bank. Would you like to have them where they will be available to me? 1 will be all day at the office of the Post. William O. Duckstein.” e T 0 lec- American Is Outclassed. From London Tit-Bits. The American truth teller gas in form. “Talking of ants,” he said, 've got 'em as big as crabs out I've seen 'em fight with long howns, which thev use as lances, charging each other like savages “They don't compare with the ants 1 saw in the far east,” sald an in- ommensal fitful. Lambert vonation fecund-hybridize, WOD.” Paraphrase, “Walsh will take 12:35, Atlantic Coast Line, tonight, and not Seaboard Air Line. Lambert will .:\-:«‘lomvany him. Willlam O. Duck- i stein, |~ January 9, 1924, Edward McLean, iPalm Beach, “Zev hocusing imagery RITES FOR W. F. HARDING | Funeral services for William Fletcher Harding, an assoclate editor in getting out publications on the sclence of entomology, in the bureau of entomology, Department of Agri- culture, who 'died early yesterday, will be conducted at his late resi- dence, 904 Webster street northwest, Monday afternoon at 2 o'clock. The place for interment has not been chosen. The services will be under Ithe auspices of the New Jerusalem Lodge, No. this city, of which' Mr. at one time i worshipful master, and had been re- cording secretary of that lodge from 1918 until the time of his death. Mr. Harding had, before hecoming an associate editor in the bureau of entomology, been an assistant editor in the division of publications in the Department of Agriculture for nine- | teen vears. Worse Than Fatal. From the Kansas City Star. A man in a hospital ward, still nau- seated for the ether administrated to him during a petty minor operation, was_making the night miserable for his fellow patients with his incessant groaning. Finally one of them yelled impateintly: “Aw, shut up! You're not half as bad off as the rest of us!" —and the others quickly joined in oftensive individual nearby. “The na- tives have trained them as beasts of burden. One of ‘em could trail a ton load for miles with case. They worked willingly, but occasionally they turned on their attendants and killed them.” But this was drawing the long bow a little too far. “I say, old chap,” sald a shocked voice from' the corner, “what sort of ants were they?" “Eleph-ants,” replied the inoffensive individual. —_— 800 BOLIVIAN TROOPS ' Dies at Home Here WILLIAM FLETCHER HARDING. MAJOR, IN GRILLING, SAYS HE DESTROYED McLEAN MESSAGES (Continued from First Page.) were confidential messages Mr. McLean's confidential ves and himself.” “Who did it?" did 1" “That's the i duties as ¢ ‘Yes, sir. ¥ you handle your nfidential man is it Major said W. Smithers, the White House wire chief, had been employed to operate the wire's Wash- ington cnd, “He was there from 6 p.m." Major said, “until 9 p.m. sometimes, some- times later.” Asked About Smithers. wilhat does Smithers do at the 1 don’t know, other than to be a telegraph operator.” Senator Walsh pressed for a reply as to what elso Smithers did at the White House besides run the tele- graph wire. Then and there was an altercation when Major . hesitated to reply. The senator then asked who suggested the employment of Smith- ers. The witness thought it was W. O. Duckstein, another of McLean's men. “There are no coples of messages anywhere now. which went over this A Explnins Wire's Purpose. What was the e s purpose of this “To keep Mr. McLean in touch with events here and in Europe.” aid McLean had never had te wire to Palm Beach in sasons. cemed to require the wire ¥ “I believe the telegraph vompany records last vear will show that ft cost more to get to Mr. McLean over commercial wires the news that went into his paper than a private wire would cost.” 'Well, what connection has that?" “Well, T {magine that the private wire proved itself quicker and cheap- €r, and that Mr. Mo d “con- ve directly with his confidential employe: Major insisted that it was the cus- tom to wire McLean an advance di- gest of the news which went Into the Post. = “Did Mr. Fall ever send or recelve messages over this wire? Chairman Lenroot inquired “In answering that question, you have to take into consideration the fact that 7,000 to 10,000 words a night went over' the wird, but considering [ that, my best recollection is ‘No'. “Did you ever have any conversa- tion with me after that wire was ia- fed?” the chairman persisted. . “Didn’t you read me a telegrai vourself from Mr Fall thensr o S1 thinkc 1 did. he telegram had been to the effect that Fall was 11l and unable to appear. Destroyed All Messages. “Who told you to destroy these messages?” asked Senator Adams, democrat, Colorado. “l don't know that anybody told m “Who destroyed them at the other end?” “I did.” “How did you get “I went down there. “You were fearful that these mes- sages, cven the Post digest, would out?" Nothing fearful about it at all” Did Mr. Zevely (J. W. Zevely. counsel for Harry F. Sinclalr) send any messages?” Senator Dill, demo- crat, Washington, asked. “If by that you mean Mr. Zevely sending down a message, no. Senator Walsh asked cxactly what or meant. 1 may have mentloned Mr. Zevely in some message,” he replied. “That was all.” t both ends?” Identifies “Homer.” “Homer,” mentioned In the Major- McLean telegrams, was Francls Homer, a Baltimore attorney, Major explained. Homer is retained in con- nection with the McLean estate. The witness asked Senator Walsh to read a statement into the record “clearing up_this situation. “Anything that will clear this up will be very helpful,” Senator Walsh said, looking over the statement. “You never went to bed with any private wire messages left unde- ald you?" Senator Adams Senator Walsh read into the record a letter from Francis T. Homer, which Major handed to him. It was addressed to McLean and in it Homer denled that he had told Major that a private wire , would give the pub- lisher *“easy access to House" as Major had stated in a telegram to McLean. Since I knew nothing of your re- lations with the present administra- REVOLT, OCCUPY TOWN Garrison Provided With Machine Guns and Munitions — Govern- ment Dispatches Force to Tarija. BUENOS AIRES, March 1.—Advices from Bolivia received by L& Nacion report that the garrison at Chaco, numbering 800, has revolted and after marching on Tarija, occupfed the town. The rebels are said to be pro- vided with machine guns and are well armed. The government troops, the advices added, have been sent from La Paz by express train. The barracks of the republican guard at La Paz has been burned. The Balivian Argentine frontier was closed recently. Birds Bathe in Dust. Many types of land birds take their bath In dust in_order to #id their feathers of insects. These same birds the chorus of recrimination. But -the aggrieved voice only an- swered: “I tell you, fellows, there’s been many a man died feeling better than 4 dol” . use water at tinres also, and, of course, birds that live on the water never take dust baths. Whenever & bird's feathers are not sleek and clean it may, be inferred the bird is not well. = = tion, I could not have stated this, the letter sald, “the telephone con: nection was bad. What I sald was that with Wiley (manager of the Cincinnati Enquirer) at your house it would also give him easy acces: “When did Mr. Homer say to you such'a private wire would give ‘easy and quick access’ to the White House?" Senator Walsh asked. “Did you misquote him? “Mr. Homer's letter puts a doubt into my mind ag to whether he did say it,”” Major replied. “The conver- sation took place the day I sent the wire.” Major was excused, but cautioned to_remain in attendance. C. T. Clagett of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Washington. The committee then the White Company took the stand, bringing a record of messages ment to Palm Beach from D. C, SATURDAY, MARCH 1, 192, |Declares British Labor Government Will Stand by the Constitution Leader Resents Threat by Opponent to Oust Ministry. New Colonial Secretar;' Asserts Labor Group Well Able to Govern. (Copyright, 1824, In U. 8. and Canada by i North American Newspaper Alliance; il i rights reserved. Copyright in Great ritain by the Empire Review.) The threat of a conservative English- man to lead the Coldstieam Guards iuto the honse of comm if the lubor gov- ernment should attempt to contivue in office after a mafor defeat is dea’t with. together with the state of mind lwhin that threat owing article by J. 1L Thom cmber of parlia- ment and one of the foremost figures in the new labor munistry. He now holds the colonial portfollo. ~This ar ritten Just before the libor party steppe m Place of opposition to that of govern- the author's own views sarily those of his party. BY RIGHT HON. J. il. THOMAS, Colonial Secretary in the British Labor Government. A a result of the unexpected defeat of the conservative party and the re- turn of the labor party to parliament as the alternative government Great Brit- aln is confronted with a momentous constitutional situation unprecedented in English political history. The cir- cumstances are such as will demand from party leaders the exercise of some of the highest qualities of statesman- ship, and In fact from all ranks of so- clety and from the public press a rea- sonable measure of toierance and fair play. It may be true that a labor govern- ment in this country would be an inno- vation, and that consequently there is £ome apprehension on the matter. But 1 feel compelled to issue the warning that any conspiracy on the part of other sectlons of society, whether prompted by fear or prejudice, to deprive lubor of its rightful place in parliament, as warranted by past constitutional prac- tice and tradition, would be bound to lead to widespréad distrust in the efficacy of the ballot box and woul drive our men and women, who hav been taught so laboriously 1o helieve in constitutional methods, to resort to other meuns, and, indecd, they would Le driven into the eamp of that other- wise small group of people who never hesitat to preach revolution as the shortest cut to the millennium. Made Plen for Fair Play. Readers will appre how sincerely those of us who have en this danger have pleaded for fair play. It was most decidedly not because of the glamour or beciuse of the emoluments be attached to it. It was simp! because we could see that the present position rose out of the ural and inevitable process of evolu- ion under a democratic constitution like the one in force in this country. By the time these notes appear Mr. Baldwin may have resigned tha pre miership and Mr. Ramsay Macdonald have taken his p , but the par- oppositi superior in numbers to the go nment, would still | have to act absolutely fair and straight. shall then have reached a_stage in political evolution when the future of our country will depend upon the happy working of a delicate experiment. In order mot to vitiate that experiment labor's gpponents must be honest in their actions, and must avold, as far as possible, the raising of questions, the interest in which would not be identical iwith the whole interest of the stat Called at Most Difficult Perfod. To those who are inclined to be panic- stricken, as some of the NEWspaper pro- prietors appear to be. it eannot be too strongly emphasized that if. as I antici- pate, labor is called upon to govern, the party would be takinz office, not only in one of the most difficult periods of our history, but also when it is fn an absolute minority of the housd. Never- thelexs 1 though its political future be at stake, the labor party, as his majesty opposition, is determined to show that it is prepared. when called upon, to carry on the king's wovern- ment, and that under no circumstances would it shirk that responsibility. And, incldentally, it ought not to be forzotten that the acceptance of office would im- pose upon the party duties and re- sponsibilities of the hizhest importance, and that nothing tends more than this to sober people. Labor Under No Illusion. Labor is under no illusion as to the present limits of possible social reforms and as to the pace at which they can he introduced. Therefore it will be en- tirely the fault of labor's opponents if questions are raised which will bind the Poor together and excite them agatnst the rich. We know quite well that the government has not an inexhaustible fund out of which every want can be satisfied. But still the higher classes must display wisdom and foresight, and must acquiesce in every just claim, if they wish to escape having to concede claim _which might ve drastic change in the constitution. It will be better for all if_evolution be permitted to pursue its natural course. So-called courage, which strengthens opponents and loses not only the pres- ent battle but many subsequent bat- tles, is a great curse to men and na tions. After the Franco-German war, France, under the Thiers administra- tion, was singularly tranquil and pros- percus and was fast attaining her for- mer place among the great powers. But the conservative faction in the as- sembly, professing to be alarmed at the spread of socialism, offered violent op- position to the government and at last effected its downfall. The result was that, after Several vears without any settied form of government, in 1875 France had a rcpublican constitution drawn up for it by the national assem- bly which was elected in 1871. I believe that we in Britain will have the sound common scnse to avold unconstitutional and violent change. Threat of Force Answered. The indomitable Sir Frederick Ban- bury, after making reference to the dissolution of the long parliament by Cromwell, said at a_recent meeting in London that if Mr. Macdonald attempt- ed to casry on after his government had been defeated on a major issue he would be prepared to lead the Cold- stream Guards into the house of com- ‘mons. Unfortunately he appears to { have overlooked that Cromwell’s action was that of a military revolutionist, not of a constitutionalist. In any case, we in this country will not tolerate the selection or rejection of parliament by the army. It Is such foolish speeches by men of rank and education which provoke actlon by extremists. ‘Another important_reason why labor should be given its chance to govern is that, by a process of education and | practical experience, the workers have | reached a stage when one will find ! widely distributed in their ranks not {only a spirit of true patriotism, but a highly Intelligent public spirit as well, and certainly in as large a measure as it exists in the ranks of the other classes and parties. Democracy in Trade Unions. It must be remembered that, for a { period of over filty years, our work- ers have been exercising’ democratic government in their trade unions and co-operative and friendly societies. Also, during the twenty-five ; years they have taken an ever-in- creasing part in local government and other public work, until today there are thousands of ~working men and women serving as magistrates . and guardians of the poor, and thou- sands more serving as parish, rural, . urban, borough and county council- iors. In fact, we have today numer- went into executlve session to ex-| ous instances where labor is in full amine these records. Crawford—Women are so unrea- sonable. Crabshaw—There's my wife, for in- stance. car just when the engine of the old | one was Leginning to run nicely. She wanted me to buy a new power on local bodies and where the office of Jord mayor or mayor is occu- pled by 4 member of the labor party. Does not all this prove that the time s ripe for labor to shoulder its re- sponsibility for national government as well? Labor of Average Ability. Further, I venture to claim that the ability, character and sound com- mon sense of the average labor mem- 8 J. H. THOMAS. ber is, at leust, as high as that of the average member of other parties. Just consider for a moment the hard school of experience through which the average labor member has to pass before hie is intrusted with a rep- resentative post. First of all, his abllities and worth are tested by his fellow workers, to whom his whole life is an open book. Then, having sained their confldence, he must dem- s abilities and character wider labor movement ere he the electorate as a It is unreasonable, to suggest that the labor 1= an irresponsible band, with- out regard for the nation's welfare. It may be asked: What, then, will labor do when in office? If labor com- manded a_majority of the electorate and a majority in_parliament, it would no doubt seek to transfer from private to public control such essen- tial national services and industrie as rajlway transport and coal min- ing. But, if only in office and not in power, it must content itself by seck- ing to remedy some of the extreme of our present-day social evils, as, for example, the provision of useful em- ployment for the workless as a sub- stitute for “doles”; the supply of houses for the homeless and adequate maintenance for the aged poor and for the helpless widow, the orphan and the blind. And In'the Interna- tional sphere labor would seek to establish on & firm basis world peace and understanding. Cities Year's Power in Sweden. Looking around for a modern paral- lel to the present political situation fn this country, I find that there was @ similar position in Sweden in 1920, when the labor veteran Brant- ing established a sos 1i: ministry. In that case Branting was abie to govern succcessfully for a period of twelve months. I see no reason why abor In this country should not be able to hold the reins of office for a like perfod. Such an experience would redound to the advautage and welfal not only f the British na- tion but of the British empire and the world, as it would demonstrate cle not only the true democratic char r of our constitution, but also the steady faith of all ranks in Brit- ish society in the process of political evolution, thus establishing absolute confidence and _enormously raising our prestige. England will achieve, by the process of evolution, that progress which so many other coun- tries have only obtained by means ot oloody revolution v LAND GRANT PROBE ‘STARTE DIN HOUSE Committee Hearing Held to Determine Action on Charges in Case. The House public lands committee to- day opened hearings on the Northern Pacific railroad lund grant case to de- termine what action should be taken in the investigation of allesed charges of breach of contract by the railroad. The investigation was instigated at the request of President Coolidge, who forwarded charges by Secretaries Wal- lace and Work that the railroad had violated its contract by not disposing lands as specified and by failing to carry out guarantees made to the government. F. A. Sherman, a government for- ester, placed before the committee in detail the charges of the Agricul- tural Department. It was alleged that the road had failed to construct 1,500 miles of railroad within the allotted time; had failed to dispose of land to scttlers as specific, and had returned to the government thou- sands of acres erroneously classified as mineral land in order to alternative selection privilege more valuable tracts. PRINCIPAL “EGGED” BY ANGRY STUDENTS Pupils Incensed When Teacher Is Dismissed on Charge of Kissing Girl on Dare. By the Associated Press, KANSAS CITY, Mo, March 1.— Minor disturbances amons the pupils at high school over the suspension of E. E. Damon, printing Instructor, culminated yesterday in the hurling of two eggs at Principal C. T. Rice. The eggs came from a group of pupils who guthered on the street atter school was dismissed. Mr. Rice was walking in the school grounds. Neither missile hit its mark, but one spattered the principal’s left leg when it smacked against a board close by. The egg thrower was not identified. Mr. Rice said the bulk of the pupils ! re in sympathy with him, and that the trouble is due to six or seven agitators.” The printing instructor is out of school pending hearing following an incident at the school a week ago, in which he is sald to have kissed a senjor girl on a dare of a group of upils. - S the Immediate Petitions uklnf) reinstatement of Damon have been signed by 500 students, it Is sald. —. 40,000 WORKERS FACE LOCKOUTS IN DENMARK By the Associated Preas, LONDON, March 1—Lockouts af- fecting about 40,000 men are to be declared shortly by the Danish Em- ployers' Unlon, according to dis- patches from Copenhagen. The lock- outs. the majority of which are sot for March 8, invoive the metal work- ers, bricklayers, masons, lithogra- phers and many branches of unskiiled abor. The employers’ " union says it is impossible_to continue operations in the face of persistent threats against labor peace. The textile workers have given notice of a strike, to be- gin_next Monday. involving 10,000 persons. . NEED OF ORGANIZATION TO GET FOREIGN TRADE Head of Steel Corporation Show Necessity of Commerce With Oth BY JAMES A. FARRELL, President of the United States Steel Natfonal Forelgn Trade Council. So long as our exports consisted |chiefly of surplus natural products the | mechanism of sale and shipment was provided by the overseas purchaser. The importation of large quantities of food products not produced in this country, manufactured merchandise and raw materials for manufacture has been conducted 'by a compara- tively s 1 number of individuals. It Is doubtless true that for some years past the great bulk of the for eign commerce of the United States has been handled by our largest cor- porations. This is because these com- panies were able to organize depart- ments devoted exclusively to this branch of business and invested large sums of money in establishing agen- cies an branches in foreign countries. But the fact remains—and this, I take it, is the foundation upon which we are building—that several thou sand manufacturers and exporters are now becoming interested in the ex- tension of their forefgn trade. Always Had Foreign Trade. Our participation fn foreign trade is not now, and never has been, merely a matter of preference on our part, or even a matter of convenience. On the contrary, it has becn and is a mat- ter of economle necessity. The first men who landgd on qur I shores from Europo needed and had to have supplies of various sorts from the countries from which they came. Our fmport trade began at that time In the supply of these wants. So, also, our export trade began then, in the shipment back of the products of this land; and by this means those first comers paid for the necessary things they received from their old home That same necessity exists today. However it may have shifted in its application, whatever change may have occurred in the details of our international trade, the principle of need and the satisfaction of same that operated in the very beginning is precisely the same principle that is in _operation today. So I say it is not within the scope of our preference or convenience to attempt to retire from foreign trade now just because Europe has become a chaos of political conflicts that seri- ously affects her ability to buy and sell.” We must in any case go on in the development of our foreign trade. The need of our first settlers that had to be supplicd by the importation of various articles from other lands was no more urgent and compelling than the need of our manufacturers | today for forelgn markets that will absorb part of their production and permit them to keep their plants busy and furnish employment to our peo- ple, Problems A Our foreign trade is ever confront- ed by new problems. The most im- portant phase of the situation today is that of making larger use of mar- kets that hitherto have been regarded as secondary while the main flow of our exports and Imports was with Europe. The thought and study of those connected with International commerce must be devoted with re- newed vigor to this question. Until Europe begins to make de nite progress against the forces that now threaten her economic position, we should be seeking to establish a more permanent position in other markets to absorb our surplus pr duction. And at the same time, as our requirements in raw materials steadily increase while Europe's abil- ity to produce them diminishes or | fails to keep pace with our growing demand, it is the course of ordinary prudence on our part to expand our activity in secking such materials in other markets of supply. This s a very important factor of our situation today. The full em- ployment of our people is essential to prosperity in this country. It is the expansion of our industrial establish- ment which makes such full employ- ment possible. This industrial estab- lishment needs, for its full occupation, large and constant supplies of raw material. In many lines, probably in most of them, such supplies are avail- able from domestic | “"But in some lines, even among those which use domestic materials, our own supplies are not suflicient to keep the plants fully occupied, and must be Supplemented by importations from foreign sources. Also there are not a CALLED OLDEST APPLE ORCHARD IN U. S. From the American Forestry Magazine. America’s oldest apple orchard, so far as known, is a group of trees in a remote hamlet of the Manzana moun- tains of central New Mexico. The orlgin of this orchard is lost in an- tiquity. How it came there, whence the seed, who the planter, are ques- tions that go unanswered. The word *“mazano” is Spanish for apple tree, and “manzana” means apple. It is belleved that the New Mexico orchard was started by one Fra Geronimo de la Llana, a mission- ary from Mexica, who, in 1635, came to Quarai, five_miles below the present hamlet of Manzana. There was at Manzana, it is said, a wonderful spring, and it is believed that the Spanish priest planted the orchard near the Spring. ‘Although this early settlement was abandoned for more than a century because of Apache raids, the orchard grew on. As it stands today, it is in two groups, one of fifty trees and the other of sixteen trees. The trees are of “sprout” growths, many of them in groups of two or three starting from a common center. They still bear fruit, though the ap- ples are small. The guardian of the orchard today is the Rev. Jose Gauthier, a French padre, who has served the Manzana townspeople for the last twenty-five years, THE EVENING ays Arising. i ’ i 3. word in my home. er Lands. few of our industries, many thou and disburse a great mw of dollars annually in wa are dependent upon foref, for_their raw materfals No rubber, for Instance, I3 produced in this country, but there are m: fold uses for it among our pe Crude rubber to .he value of <o | thing like a hundred million doliars is imported annually. We produ 68 per cent of all the Brown i | the warid a nEume cent of it, but there are more plants for t! manufacture of silk in this count than there are for the man cotton, and no raw sill s produce here. Block or pli tin is used in the man ufactureé of tin plates. The en fcod canning dustry Is upon this article for the tion and packing of fond: dependent_on the Straits’ sett China and Tasmania for our tin, a Would Mean Reorganization. Suppose for a moment, merely the sake of fillustration, that elemental catastrophe were to remove any of the countries producing ma- terfals not found in t vast reorganization of our i our commerce and our life w necess ut wovld our merce op? Not at The reorg: a1 b and we ith In iization 1d Docs that not suggest the wisdom and the importance of taking steps now voluntarily in the same direction that such a disaster would compel us to take? There never was in the history of thi which _opportuniti intensive study of neutral the absorbing and f of developing new sources of s and new our products The figures of our forefgn commercs indicate that there is aiready in creased activity fn ropeat markets. Exports, particularly o manufactured artieles, to Europe ha been decreasing, but similar expor to other countrics have been Increa ing. There are t think that this result fs, onl rary, ard due to the diminic ade followinss o tuhr. It may there is an eleme: velopment in it part of wisdom make it perma For we must Foe mind that lition s this country comp conscious tain a certain a in order to keep our own ¥ muneratively s and them with th want. This compelling impulse toward for- efgn t will o on and intensif It is as we fort to m the newer mark not been devoting & that we have given Europe, that we improvement in our whole corresponding benefit to all ou ple. Difficulties Not Insuperable. 1siness i of There are ele diffieuity s program. Let us not f often the overcomins o effort mor n ' than of these difficultics are little puzzline. Wao competition of other tra { that feel, as we do, t ! expanding their tr ent, and as. lon fation continue, { more active of the industr + | we suffer under the handicap of the lower productive costs | “This is particularly | many, w n t { chief industrial their honds and mortzases clated currency and are important element of o er nations may have ments of advantage. | France have it to a | i British, for ins spread systems of e ! more greatly ramifiec tutions with which to ser ternational comt The develol { should occup have proved effectiven { duction. No dc meet e necess in irs pa true t g ts hav ere la differ Be such_factliti ur effort us lines, part of ' mume and thi of foreign trade of paramount im ance. Tosse agencies of o0 est value. Produ | others are _transportation, cation and fina % Americau orga The Kind Mose Feared. From th: Atlanta Constitution. Young Mose was sent by his ma my to get a pump a jack lantern party. The ¥ led pust the graveyard and M ot Ehe after another. An le host of gho: And the d him “Dey ain't no ghosts sht b was afraid to go to bed dark Mammy scolded him hix fear, which stirred his manly de. “What you skeered ob when dey ain't ghost! nd little black Mose Towed: “I ain't skeered ob no shosts what am—but 1 jus’ feel Kinder about the ghosts what 1 There Was Hope. nati Advocate, I'm sorry your wife got a divoree. Tobe—Yessum, she done gone back to Alaban 1w wlh or rid T do my washing now? i Tobe—Well, m se co'tin® agif and 1 co'ts mighty rapid. Sure Was Effective. From Venity Fair “I_suppose, gentleman 1o “that you are aware the check for $50,000 I put among your weddin presents was merely fo effect. Oh, ves sir,” responded the cheer- ful Henry. “And the effect was excel- lent. The bank cashed it this mor: ing without a word.” STAR COUPON i1 the ol son-in-lax Henry,” his new “THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT” By Frederick J. Haskin Present this coupon and $1.00 at the Business Office of The Evening Star and secure your copy of the book, a 5-color map of the United States, 28x22 inches, and a 32-page booklet con- taining the Constitution of the United States. Mail Orders—Add for postage up to 150 miles, 6¢; 300 miles, Se; greater distances, ask postmas- ter rate for 2 pounds. “ “The Amerlean Government,’ by -Frederic Haskin, has already become houseliold It s charming to read, and it seems to me should be widely dseful in education." The Book That Shows Uncle Sam At Work WILLIAM ALLEN WILBUR, Dean. Columbian College, George Washington Untversity.