Evening Star Newspaper, February 2, 1924, Page 6

THE. EVENING . STAR, . WAsm'GTON, D. C, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY-’2, 1924. THE EVENING ST AR term, is very small. The ivams; sort , which might dettle them and claim a 'Vith Sunday Morning Editlon. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY....February 2, 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES. . ..Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th 8t. and Penneyivania Ave, New York OMice: 110 East 420a 8t. Chicago OMce: Tow: Kuropean Office: 16 Regent The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning dition, is delivered by carrlers within the ity st 60 cents per month: dally only, 45 vents per month; Sunday oniy, 20 cents per imonth, Orders may be sent by mail or tele- plone Main 5000. Collection s made by cas- iers at the ead of each munti. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. ‘Maryland and Virginia, Daily and Sunday..1yr., $8.40; 1 mo. Daily only. .1yr., 36 Sunday only. All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1yr. Daily only. Sunday only Member of the Associated Press. The Amsoctated Fress 15 excl ta the use for republication patches credited to It or not oth in this papes and alko the lished Lerein. Al rights of publication of epecial disputches hereln are also reserved. Hot 0il Death for Guilty Only. The demand for the resignation of Secretary Denby is creditable neither 10 the democrats who make It nor to those republicans who yield to it. The detnocrats have uncovered evi- dences of corruption in the adminis- tration of the Interfor Department, and huve been proceeding with per- sistence and skill and with the ap- vroval of honest men of all parties to deveiop evidence into proof, to the end | of punishing who are proven guilly, and of cleansing and purifying a governmental uctivity which has snown signs of corruption. To turn qeide from this pr worthy and inspiring lubor of expos- ng und punishing the gsuilty to de- mounce the guiltiess with the ve- hemence deserved only by the exposed criminal and to demand for an offi- clal, neither accused nor suspected of corruption, official capital punishment betrays a lack of instinetive diserim- ination between honesty and dishon- esty in inflicting penalties, surrenders e measure of the hearty public ap- woval lavished upon those who in the public interest detect und punish the corrupt and, ng the suspicion of unserupulous 1ship, weukens pubiie contidence in the motives of those whom otherwise for services red the nation would delight to honor. The offense wiieh has aroused right- ecus public indignation is in essence official dishonesty in conncction with leasing 1he nation’s oil rescrves. The qQuestion whether the government's gliicasing molicy,JiC tonkestlyy cartion out, is wise und sourd and in the pub- interest or just the contrary is entirely distinet from the corrupt practices exposure which has excited the nation’s wrath. Tf there had been no dishonesty in administering the oilleasing poligy who would demand the officlal death of Seeretary Denby because or if e erred in believing with others, repub- licans and democrats, that the policy was wisc and sound? Or because he erred in construing too broadly the leasing powers given by the law enact- ed by the preceding administration? Oc because he erred with President Harding in believing that the latter had the power under the law to trans- far the oil-leasing function from the Navy Department to the Interior De- partment? Or because he crred “in| thinking that the exccutive order which took from him und gave to an- other power of control over the oil leasing rclieved him aiso of responsi- bility in that connection? We ought | not in the pursuit of corruptionists to confuse guilty and innocent, lest in the confusion some of the guilty es- cape. We shall do well If under the standards of American fair play and even-handed justice we are unswerv- ing and relentless in the pursuit and punishment of criminals, not diverted by considerations either of pernicious and ruthless partisanship on the one hand or of panic-stricken political cowardice on the other. Let no one but the guflty suffer offi- cial death in bolling ofl! And let no guilty man escape! —————e——————— The tax-reduction plan proposes a new idea in economy; a saving to the taxpayer direct instead of a more or less theoretical saving to the govern- ment. 1 ise- -ai pe Bearing no ill will, Bergdoll only asks that the people pardoned for try- ing to kidnap him horeafter keep as far away Yrom him us possible. A simplified income tax will be, in- cidentally, a saving of time in the work of making returns. School Yards and Playgrounds. There are clements of hope in the piayground situation. Utilizing public school yards throughout the summer would bring about a substantial in- crease of space in which children may play and involves slight expense. It is calculated that if Congress approve the item of $20,000 in the District ap- propriation bill seventy playgrounds or “play centers” may be operated during next summer, adding to the pleasure and health of children and considerably reducing danger to chil- dren in the streets and inconvenience to traflic. Two years ago the allot- ment for the operation of playgrounds ‘was $10,000, and last year it was $15,- 000, with which sum sisty play- grounds, of which thirty were school yards, were maintained. The sum asked for in the pending appropria- tlon bill is an increase of $5,000 over the amount ailotted last year, but with it ten more play centers could be maintained. The increase in the amount of money asked is considera- ble if figured in. percentage, but ec- tually it is a small sum, and seems to be trifiing when. set against the ad-| vantage of having ten more public spaces where children may play in safety. ” There should Dbe no argument sgainsf the use of public school yards 48 play places during vacation. The ground ought not to lie unused while children who might play there risk iife by gamboling i the streets. The cost of operating a school yard as a playground and overseeing the play 4&f the children, as is done-in school of school yard s not so good a play place as a public playground fitted with the apparatus which helps chil- dren in their sport, but it is immeas- urably better than no play place ex- cept a The achool yard will not be the final solutton of the playground problem, for as schools grow larger the play spaces about them grow relatively and usually absolutely less. Some of | the older-schools which had yards that would accommodate their pupils at recess and “after school” have used those yards for bullding sites, and some new school bufldings bave no or very lfttle vacant land about them. The tendency is to set apart less land about a schoolhouse as the *yard.” But until the public playground has Dbeen brought into proper relation to the number of children needing it the &chool yard should be kept open as a play center. B No Partisanship. Testimony given by ward L. Doheny before the Senato committee on naval oil leases yesterday may prove to have a profound effect upon the political fortunes of Willlam G. McAdoo and possibly others. Unlike his former testimony, in which he merely identified the source of the funds suddenly obtained by Mr. ¥all while Secretary of the Interior, his disclosure regarding Mr. McAdoo was wholly unexpected. It brought into the limelight of, pitiless publicity not only the figure of the former Secre- tary of the Treasury but colleagues in the same administration. Whether Mr. Doheny's testimony that his, company paid Mr. McAdoo £250,000 for legal services—Mr. Me- Adoo demurs to the amount und says that it was only $150,000—affects his political prospects is now the subject of lively discussion. Certainly it can- not help him as an @spirant for the democratic nomination. The employ- ment of Mr. McAdoo dates from after his retirement from office, when he was at perfect liberty n all propriety 1o engage in any cocnection whatso- ever with any legitimate interest. The same is true of Mr. Gregory, Mr. Lane and Mr. Garrison. But for the use of oil money to re- lieve the financial distress of Mr. Fall while he was Secretary of the Interior, and while he was negotiating leases of government oil lands placed under his Jurisdiction to private concerns, the revelation of Mr. McAdoo's employ- ment by the same interests would not be of significance. Tt might conceiv- ably establish Mr. McAdoo as having intimate relation with those creatures that are anathema to a certain group of American voters, the corporations, but it would not in the least ¢xpo: him to criticism on the score of im- propriety of conduct. Nevertheless, it {s undoubtedly un- fortunate for Mr. McAdoo as a poten- tial candidate for the presidency to have his name involved as cne of the beneficiaries of oll enterprises and liberality in the matter of the engage- ment of services. It puts him, as it were, on the defensive. Ina way it robs him of what might be an effective weapon of attack In the campaign if he were nominated. He could not ef- fectiv denounce the republican party for undue familiarity with oil companies with this reccrd of himself and other democra former mems bers of the same official family, hav- ing upon their retirement from office immediately joined the staff, so to speak, of the same oil company that aided Mr. Fall in his financial stress. This incident serves to emphasize the truth of President Coolidge's states ment the other day that this is not a partisan question which has become a subject of inquiry and correction. —_——ee— Lamp-Posts and Street Lighting. The Commission of Fine Arts has | approved the model of & new lamp-post for usc on the wide avenues and plazas of Washington, submitted by the Dis- trict authorities. It is an artistic de- sign and of a type to give a maximum of illumination. Washington, of course, wants good-looking lamp- posts, but it more particularly wants more light. Some of the lamps that have been established of recent years on artistic lines are not especially efficient in illumination. Meanwhile, on many miles of streets, the oM- tashioned, square-bottomed gas lamps remain in use. They are but poor af- fairs for street-lighting purposes. There are, indeed, too many miles of streets lighted with incandescent gas mantles. This matter of effective strect light- ing for the Capital requires study, and after study larger appropriations are needed. There are many streets in Washington with long stretches of absolute darkness between lamps. ‘This is due, in part, to the thickness of foliage in summer time, but mainly to the infrequency of the lamps. Asa result crimes occur after nightfall and criminals escape detection. It is to be hoped that in eddition to pro- viding more attractive lamp-posts for the avenues and plaza spaces atten- tion will be given to the matter of really lighting the streets so that there will be no more zones of danger from darkness. —— e One way to get Mr. Sinclair back to this country might be to arrange a genuinely ‘sporty race with Zev as a contender. —_—————— ‘When Smedley Butler gets through ‘with Philadelphia there are still larger fields of reform before him if he cares to enter them, An Arctic Rivalry. A race for the Arctic spaces is in prospect. Canada, aroused by Secre- tary Denby's recent declaration that part of the purpose of the projected merial voyage to the polar regions is to plant the American flag upon them through right of discovery and occu- pation, has taken action, and it is now stated that Capt. Bernier, an Arc- tic explorer, has left Quebec for Eng- land to take charge of the Canadian government's steamer Franklin, which is to sall this spring from Portsmouth for the islands fringing the North American continent. An expedition is also likely to go forward this scason to take formal possession of the islands already claimedufor Great Brit- ain, to eliminate the possibility of the title passing to any foreign power {become a matter of real importance. lapse of Great Britaln's right of pos- eession through discovery. Although these Tar northern regiens are generally regarded as of no politi- cal or economic importance, it is not safe to meglect them." There was a time when Alaska was viewed as a bad bargain for the United States. And doubtless the British government considered its possession just east of Alaska, the region of the Yukon, as of no worth. But Alaska and the Klondike have proved to be of immense wealth. As gold producers they have far more than paid for all the cost of their supervision during the years when they were merely identified by marks on a map. There is no telling where wealth may be found. There is no knowing when, through the develop- ment of means of communication, these far northern reaches will be brought into a practicable range of trade. Ownership of the Polar, or more Lroadly speaking, Arctic areas, ‘may | The projected aerial expedition may prove much that has been in doubt heretofore. They may disclose terri- tories that are capable of utilization. From a scientific point of view the ex- ploration is unquestionably desirable. It may be the beginning of an actu- ally important economic development. The Special Counsel. Inclusion of the name of former At- torney General Gregory in the list of those who have been in the employ of the oil company of which Bdward L. Doheny is the head leuds naturally and speedily to his elimination from the epecial counsel of the government chosen by President Coolidge for in- quiry and actlon in the matter of the naval oil leases. Though Mr. Greg- ory's connection with the oll corpgra- tion was of a nature to leave him fn a | position to do fullest justice to the government’s interests, ves it is un- doubtedly the wise course that Presi- dent Coolidge hag pursued of dropping his name. Publlc feeling s too keenly | aroused and too sensitive on the score | of possible oll connections to warrant any chance of doubt as to the thor- oughness and sincerity and vigor of the prosecution which is to be under- taken. i But will it be possible to find two | men of high legal ability and broud | experienco and special qualifications for this work who have not in some degree at some time had dealings with companics or individuals engaged in the petroleum-producing industry? | Alrcady it has been stated that Mr. Strawn’s firm in Chicugo has served and is now serving one of the lurger | oil companies in the matter of super vising local collections, a trifling con- nection, it is true, but possibly of a nature to enable some critic, perhaps of partisan mood, to raise the question of integrity and freedom from prej- udice on the part of the inquisitor-| prosecutor. ! President Coolidze may be trusted to name for this purpose men who are beyond the range of conceivable sus- picion of partisanship or prejudice who ars qualified to find the truth and capable of galning the ends of justice through successful prosecution if proof of guilt is found and of safe- zuurding the Interests of the govern- ment in the matter of the oil leases themselves. ——— A New York bantender accidentally served two customers brass polish. They survived only o few minutes demonstrating that brass polish kills ‘even quicker than wood alcohol. —_———————— Skirts will be shorter than ever, say the Parls dress experts. Might as well make the costumes as mannish as possible and let Scotland set the fash ion. —_————— Suddenly some small spot on the | map leaps into extraordinary prom- inence. A few vears ago it was the Isle of Yap. Now it is Teapot Dome. ———————— Each day that passes makes it more evident that there will be a few dark horses in evidence before the natioral conventions meet. ————— Japanese statesmen assert their right to be quite as disorderly as those of other nations when occasion ap- pears to demand rough work. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER TOHNFON. February Prelude, ©Oh, ground hog, mystic influence, It you your shadow see, ‘We must prepare for cold intense And storms to mar our glee. The ground hog said, with gentle cheer, “Don’t chide me for neglect. At this especial time of year Pray, what would you expect?” Investigations. “I remember an investigation you conducted,” said the friend from home. “It wasn't very interesting.” “Some investigations,” replied Sena- tor Sorghum, “are not supposed to be very interesting. They serve their best purpose in assisting people to for- get things that can’t be helped.” Jud Tunkine says he'd be more will- ing to forgive and forget if so many folks weren't ready to tfke advantage of good nature and e bad memory. Conscience and Health,_ On lawyer and doctor in trouble®we call. We call on the clergyman, fearing 5 the worst. * ‘We might shun the worry that sickens us all If only we'd call on the clergyman first. Enthusiasm of the Novice. “He says he has never been en- gaged before,” said the sentimental girl, “and he spent his last dollar for the engagement ring.” . “Believe him,” answered Miss Cay- enne, “When a man spends his last dollar for an engagement ring it's a pretty sure sign it’s his first experi- ence.” “I knows a man dat beat his wife,” said URcle Eben, “an’ jes’ fof dat he's got to chop de wood, do de chores an® earn khis own money till she recovers.” WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC For a week Congress has been letting off steam over the oil scandal Barring the uncommonly fine and dis- passionate statement of the case by Senator Walsh of Montana, the ora- torical glory of Capltol Hill was not enhanced. For the most part, dfs- cusslon consisted of political speeches obviously delivered for partisan ef- fect. Men like Heflln of Alabama, & survivor of the apcient school of flower): spellbinding, revel in situ; tions like the Teapot Dome affair. Sharpshooters of “Jim” Reed's skill enjoy such opportunities for sniping, too.” There was an amazing disin- clination on the part of senators in both parties to concentrate on es- sentlals. There was also a universal tendency to go over the same ground Interminably. Not for moons has such a Niagara of words rolled over the congressional cli * % % Two men maintained silence durieg the oil talkfest—La Follette of Wis- consin and Borah. of Idaho. Rach would have contributed something real to the discussion. It was “Fight- ing Bob” who ecarly in 1923 blazed the trail which, he claimed, would lead to oil inlquities if it was fol- lowed long enough. Borah, the silver- tongued crusader of Congress, is at his best when battling over moral issues. He is certain to Le heard trom before the air is cleaged of the petroliferous stench the® now pollutes it. 3 * kK Ok The Farm Journal of Philadelphia, which bas the largest circulation of any agricultural perlodical in America, is conducting a presidential preference straw vote among its ders. Efther the farmers dom't that IHenry Ford has c a candidate, or don't For tho fourth week in succc Ford inaintains his position in sew. ond place, next to Coolidge, leadin McAdoo Ly a considerable marein, The President leads all other cand dutes comfort with 41 per ceut of the total vote, and a 6 to 1 lead over Hiram Johnson. The resulte for four weeks are as follow Plnchot .. Underwood Borah I Watson Freeman, is one of clergymen. Rt of most observer The Bishop Americ 7 WILLIAM WILE ably a unique exhibition of religious tolerance by accepting _honorary membership in the Free Synagogue of Rabbi Stephen A. Wise in New York, * ok % R Representative Victor L. Berger, soclalist, of Wisconsin thinks/ Rani- say Macdonald’s achievement of the British premiership makes it timely to restore Eugene V. Debs' status as @ patriotic and high-minded citizen of the world. To that end. Berger has nominated Debs as a candidate’ for the 1924 Nobel peuce prize. Tho Wisconsin socialist says he Is entitled ™ do so because It was through him that Debs joined the sociallst cause. Debs has a claim on the Nobel prize monéy, Berger avers, “because for over thirty yvears he has never wavered in his bellef of universal peace and human brotherhood and has been tireless in his effort und service of that idea.” Berger's mani- festo on Debs' behalf narrates that thero_arc twenty-three members of the Briti sarllament who, like Debs, have “done time” for their political opinions anent the world war, Including Premier Macdonald him- self! * ¥ R K One of -the most popular foreign diplomats cver stationed at Washing- ton, Sadao Sabum, counselor of the Japanese embassy, s leaving thls country for eventual diplomatic duty at another capital. He 1is due for promotion to & ministership and prob- ably will be sent to some important European outpost like Stockholm. | Saburi has been at Washington for five years, serving under the am- bassabodshiips of Ishii, Shidehara and Hanihara. A charming consort, the daughiter of u famous Japanese statesman, Baron Komura, helped [ Saburi to become a capable and well . | liked officlal of Nippon in the highly- charged atmosphere of Washingt: Saburi was a member of the Japa- nese delegation at the Paris peace conference—the diplomats who talked and achieved more than any n gathered around the council Kilkenny, investment | banker, of Chicago, who %erved as confidential sccretary to three con- trollers of the currency and later wag associated with Dawes dur- |ing the first year of the budget, | tenewed Washington ties this week. | Kilkenny has beeome a fervid apostle | of thrift. He rejoices that a careful England, now President of United It is mainly in Calvin Coolidi neck of the national | woods that suvings deposits are big- | “In the New England states land their castern neighbors,” savs | Kilkenny, “there are little more than { 10,000,000 savings bank depositors | with approximately $6,300,000,000 to their ecredit. The thrift of the New Englander is proverbial, and, as ¢ is power, the New England i nighty influence in an financial | Francis J Americans Claim to Be Heirs Of Immense Estate of Drake BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. So many thousands of Americans of modest means, but of credulous minds, havé been induccd by shyster lawyers and other unscrupulous in- dividuzls to contribute their gooud American dollars to their prosecution of their alloged claims as leirs to the mythical $600,000.060 ate of England's’ great naval flourished in the reign of Queen Elizabath, that the death the oth day of old Lady Drake in her eight tourth year, widow of Sir Francis Elliott Drake, the lawful heir of the celebrated navigator and owner of his lands, is likely te arcuse @ considerable amount of interest in this country. As the late Sir Irancis iott Drake, who was formerly captain of the Royal Horse Guard and who passed away in 1917 shortly hero without male issue and his baronetey became extinct and his estates ex- tending over some 10,000 acres of land in Devonshire have now gone o hishonly child, a daughter, married to Lord Seaton. Since she has no fasuc it is probable that on her demise she will leave tho estate in which lier mother until now has had a life interest to her cousin, Thomas Brisco, | son of the elder sister of the late Sir Francis Drake. Thomas Brisco will then, in accordance with the usual custom In such cases, obtain from the crown a llcense fo assume the name of Elliott-Drake and the ar- morial bearings of his late uncle, and may possibly in the long run secure a revival of the Drake baronetcy. The late Sir Francls Elliott Drake was not o direct descendant of Ens- land’s Elizabethan naval hero for the simple reason that the latter left no descendants. The American claimants of the mythical Drgke territorial Dpossesslons base their pretensions on the supposition that the great ad- miral left two sons, John and Francis. The latter and the tlder one of the two, it Is asserted, inherited his father's property and passed it on to Dbis heirs in the main line dircct until the termination of the line, where- upon the property as well as the title, according to the fantastic story, should have reverted to the descend- ants of John, tho younger son of the famous Elizabethan sea fighter. The members_of the Drake Estate Asso- clation of the United States claim to be the lineal heirs and desccndants of this John Drake, and it is on this contention that they base their de- mands. EE R Now ‘the English official standard “Peerages,” “Baronetages” und analo- gous works of reference, both of tho present day and of the sixteenth, sev- enteenth and elghteenth centurles, as well as other official records stlil in existence pertaining to the reign of the virgin queen, demonstrate in the most conclusive manner that the great Str Francls Drake, although twice married, dled without children. In. his will, dated May 17, 1696, Lon- don, the original of which, bearing his own signature, is on file to this day at Somerset House, in the Brit- ish metropolis, and shown to visitors on payment of a small fee, he de- clares that, “being childless,” he be- queaths his landed property, consis ing of Buckland Abbey, in the county of Devon, to his nephew, Francis Drake, son of his elder brother, Thomas, who is named as the execu- tor of the will. This is sufficient in itself to dispose of the claim of the Drake Estates As- Soclation in the United States and to prove that under no_circumstances could its members be regarded as de- scendants of the great admiral. The latter's nephew and heir, Francis Drake, was created a. baronet by James I, and the baronetcy, along With the ~Buckland Abbey estates, passed down either from father to son or from uncle to nephew until the end of the eighteenth century, when the baronetcy became extinct through the death, without issue, in 1794 of Sir Francis Henry Drake, fifth bar- onet. "On his demise the Drake estates, comprising Buckland Abbey, went to this newphew, the sccond and last Lord Heathfield ‘of Gibfaltar. Lord who | after | celebrating his golden wedding, died thfield's mother was Anne Drake, ¢ the fifth baron. She mar- George Illjott, who, for h guliant defense of Gibral , was created the firat Lord Heathiiled, This Tord Heathfield and his wife, Anne | Drake, had, besides their oniy son, who dled a¢ second and last Lord | Heathtield, an only daughter namad Anne Elliott, married to John Dray- | ton Fuller of Ashtown House, Sussex. Their son. Thomas Fuller, inherited, on the death of his uncle, the second Lord Heathficld, not oniy the Elllott | property of his father's two brothers, Lut also the Drake cstates, and, in | accordance with the terms of the will 5¢ the Afth Drake. assumed the name | He | xister ried the armorial bearings the | Drake family. He was a distin- kuished veteran of the Peninsula war, | and, partly Ly reason of his military | services and also because of his own- | ership of the Drake estate, he was | created a baronet by George IV. He aiso dled without issue. and on his demise his baronetcy and the Drake | and Elliott estates went to his neph- ew, Sir Francis Fuller, who had al- ready been obliged to secure a royal license in 1870 to assume the name und arms of Eiliott and Drake, which onverted him from Sir Francis Ful- ler into Sir Francis Elliott Drake. * ¥ Ok x The great Elizabethan admiral, Sir Francis Drake, had in addition to his brother Thomas,another brother John, who commanded -the warship Swan in the British attack on Vera Cruz. Possibly he may have remain- ed on this side of the Atiantic. But cven if that were the case and if the Drakes in the United States, | members of the Drakes Estates' As- soclation, could show that they were nis legitimate descendants they { would have no claim whatsoever upon the Drake property in Devonshire and elsewhere that might have be- longed to the illustrous navigator. For no mention is made by the latter in his wiil of his brother Joh1, the property being explicitly be- queathed to his nephew Francis, the son of-bis clder brother Thomas, the executor of the will. From him the property- in mame passed down not altogether in the direct male line but sometimes in the female line, yet always by virtue of wills, deeds of settloment and patents of tho crown, which are perfectly valid in law and that cannot be upset by any legal process to Lady Seaton as the only child of the late Sir Francis Elliott- Drake. Lord Seaton, whose wife now enters into the exclusive possession of the Drake and Elliott estates, 13 the third baron of his line, the péer- age having been created in favor of Fleld Marshal Sir John Colborne, one of the heroes of the Peninsula war, and whose decisive movements with the Infantry brigade under his com- mand is declared by history to ‘have secured the definits victory of the English at Waterloo. , Later on he was governor gencral of Canada, and was succeeded by his eldest son, who was also a general in the urmy.’ The present lord {s likewise a soldier and a veteran of the Boer campaign of a quarter a century ago, and al- though he is now seventy, he volun- teered for active service on the out- break of the great war, and did his bit on the peninsula of Gallipoli and afterward in Solonlki and in Palestine. Having no children, his peerage will pass at his death to his_brother Col. the Hon. Francis Colborne, who after & long record of active service in varlous wars belonged for several years to the household of Princess Beatrice, the youngest daughter of the late Queen Victoria, and is also one of the offi- cers of the Yeomen of the Guard. To those who are interested in heraldry, I may add that the armorial bearings of Lady Seaton’s father, the late Sir Francis Elliott-Drake, com- prised the heraldic devices granted by Queen Elizabeth to her greatest admiral, namely, “a ship under reef, drawn round & terrestrial globe, with| a cable rope by a hand out of the clouds, and on -a scroll the words, “Auxilio divino”; also “two pole stars. and a fesse wavy.” The Elliott arms granted by George JII to the late Francis Eillott-Drake's ancestor, the first Lord Heatherfield, consisted of the\arms of Gibraltar, which he so bravely defended, namely, “Between two plllars, a castle, argemt, and from the gate a golden key pendent and the words plus ultra.” - and The Library Table BY THE BOOKLOVER Novels with an obvious moral were {more common in the elghteenth and early nineteenth centuries than they are In the twentieth century, when both authors and readers @re in- clined to be supercilious over preach- ing fiction. Charles G. Norris bravely defles fashion in this respect, how- ever, and risks being called “inartis- tic” by the critics. In his recent novel, “Bread,” ‘ho might be a co- temporary of Samuel Richardson, (who published “Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded,” In 1741. The moral of “Bread” is as open to criticlsm as that of “Pamela.” Richardson sketched the career of a young ser- vant girl who successfully resists the attempts of her employer, a country squire, to seduce her, and is finally “rewarded” by his marrying her. i Pamola consciously reckons the zd- vantage to be gained by virtue and feels honored in the end to be mar- ried by a man whom she kiows to be thoroughly corrupt. Mr. Norrig' moral in ~“Bread” is that women should not be permitted training in @ profession or business, because, if they are able to earn a llving, they will be less likely to accept unsatis- factory treatment from bad or indif- ferent husbands, and may for con venient cause “break up the home. Complete depondence of women 18, hie concludes, safer—at least for men. * ok k¥ Unfortunately Mr. Norrls' story as it develops has, like Willlam J. Bryan's lecture against evolution, & tendency to convert his audience to the opposition. Martin Devlin is in love with his wife Jeanette, but he gambles, gets drunk, lics to his wife, allows debts to plle up through ex- travagance and does not “play fair" in the matter of her household lowance. “She is efficlent, thrifty and abhors debt. Having had business training and experience before her marriage, she finally becomes tired of doing all the co-operating in matrimony and leaves Martin and goes buck to her “job.” Then Mr. rris procceds to bring retribution on her and to reward Martin, whom he seems to consider the aggrieved party. Martin secures a divorce after a few vears by the method of falsely blackening lis wife’s char- acter and marries a charming ex- manicurist who brings him two de- lightful, adoring step-children. He makes a fortunc in the automobile business and atquires a perfectly ap- pointed mansion, servants, limousines und a good stock of the best Lootleg whisky. Jeanette succeeds in her business, but never attains w very high salary, because she is a woman. In the the last chapter she is shown returning after a few days of ab sence to a cold, foodlegs apartmen and throwing herself weeping on the bed, with the eut hugged in her arms to soothe her loneliness. One cannot help wondering why the apartment was cold, as it fs repre sented to be In a good, modern apart- ment bullding; or reflecting that even a dependent married woman might have found the pantry empty if she had left it so. But, of course, Mr. Norris had to make a case. * ¥ ¥ ¥ America has seen such great growth of large scale co-operative marketing organizations as applied to many products, such as prunes, grapefruit, oranges and other fruits, as well as dairy products, that It seems strange that thus far there has been in this country such a slight development of corrclative organiza- tions—that is, of co-operatives o ganized to serve consumers. Dr. James P. Warbasse, in his “Co-oper- ative Democrac; furnishes a de- scription of consumers' co-operatives as they work in eat Britain, on the continent of Kurope, in South America, Mexico, Australla and in the United States, especlally among farmers_and recent emigrants. But the author has given not simply a sclentific and critical description of the actual workings of these co- operative socicties, but devotes the bulk of his thick book to propa- ganda and panegyric of the Rochdale idea as the savior of men's souls, the panacea for all forms of industrial, economie, social and governments diseases. The book is so long an #0 overladen with verbiage as really to defeat the purpose of the author to convert the reader to the tran- scendent virtnes of the plan he pro- poses. Fortunately thero is an- unced for publlcation in the vorkers' Bookshelf” serfeg another book by Dr. Warbasse, “The Co- operative Movement.” Ae all the books in this series are by intent kept brief, readers whose time is lim- ited will do well to walt for the an- nounced book. LR The dramatic pictures and stirring adventures of African colonial life which made a success of Sir Harry Johnston's novel, “The Man Who Did the Right Thing” will also recom- mend his autoblography to many readers. It is published under the title “The Story of My Lite,” but the story is not that of an ordinary traveler and explorer. Sir Harry Johnston ranks, in the opinion of some, with Livingstone, Stanley and Rhodes as an explorer and empire builder and, in addition, is a lingulst, a naturalist, a painter. an historian and novelist. The bibliography of his published works includes nearly forty volumes. Of these inany are on exploration_and_government in Af- rica, as “The ver Congo.” “The Kilimanjaro Expedition,” “'l'h-‘-~ A'le Quest,” “Livingstone and the Expio- ration of Central Africa,” “A History and Description of the British Em- pire in Africa’” and “The Coming Up of Africa.” His best known mnovels are “The (Gay-Dombeys.” “The Man .“ ho Did the Right Thing,” and “The Vaneerings.” ) L Sir Harry Johnston's first visit to the continent of Africa was made when, at the age of twenty-one, he went to Tunis to study Moorish art. He began his explorations in 1881 by a trip to the southern waters of the Kongo. Later he led a sclentific expedition to Mount Kilimanjaro. His consular service began in 1885, Soon after this he met Cecil Rhodes and the two men became friends and tellow workers for the British empire in Africa, but their friendship was afterward ruptured by a quarrel, the causes of which Sir Harry Johnston explains in this autoblography. One of the most absorbing parts of the book is the account of the Arab war which was concluded in 1896 and which ended the slave traffic. Sir Harry Johnston visited the United tates in 1908 and was the guest of President Roosevelt at the White House. * xR ok S The last novel of W. L. George, “One of the Gullty,” in which he de- parted from his usual analysis of women in love and out of love and turned to criminal psychology, has called down upon him the criticlsm of a retired inspector of police. In a personal letter the ex-officer gravely censured Mr. George for —having published such accurate and thorough details of modern methods of burglary, and finished with the sentence. “If only you novelists would stick to love, you'd do less harm.” Mr. George remarked: “I'm not at all sure about that. My own opinlon is that love has done more harm than burglars since the world was created.” EE Among many general histories of thq world war there has appeared the first history of the industrial side o! that great strugglé—a side withou: which the war could not have beer carried on & day. This history, by Grosvenor B, Clarkson, is called “In dustrial America in the World War, and is authoritative, well written und most interesting. - Q. Where is the longest tunnel in the world?—F. C. A. The Shandaken tunnel through the Catskill mountains in New York state {s the longest continuous tunnel in the world. It is a part of the water-supply system of New York city. The exact length of the tunnel is 95,740 feet. The longest railroad tunnel {8 the Simplon, under the Alps, 65,042 feet in length. Q. How many widows of the vet- erans “of the war of 1812 are still lving?—H. K. M. A. There are thirty-nine women on the pension rolls whose husbands fought in the war of 1812. None of these widows, however, was married at the time of that war. Q. What s the double standard?— W % A. The term “double standard” is used In both ethics and in money. the first case it refers to what rals, whereby certain privileges are allowed to men that arc not permit- ted to women. In money the double standard is monetary standard based on both gold and silver ..: the material of the circulating mcdium, distinet from the single standard based upon either gold or silver. a Q. How long after she was struck did the Titanic sink? Jow was it possible to know what the band was playing as she went down?—L. S. A. The steamship Titanic was struck by an lcebers at “pproxi- mately 11:46 p.m. She finally sank ut 0 o'clock the mext morning. The sinking of the vessel was witnessed by a number of survivors who put off in small boats. It is stated that sev- eral of the lifeboats were close enough to hear the orchestra playing “Neurer, My God, to Thee” aus the steamer eank. Q. How woul® one Ggure the amount of water a roof will catch for cistern purposes?—s. R. A. A rainfaM of 1 inch on a roof of 3,000 square feet would mean a total of 250_cubic feet, or about 4 barrels of 45 gallons cach, enough to fill a cistern § fcet In diameter to a depth of feet. This does not con- sider possible loss from splashing, ete. Q. I there a flag on the Capitol in Washington which flies both day and night?—LE. A. D. A. Al flags on tha Capitol are brought down at sunset, except those which 11y %o mark the sittings of the House and Senate. Q. What is meant when the cor- ner of a visiting card is turned down? A. There is no universal interpre tation of this. Many turn down the corner of a card, meaning that the visit was meant for all the ladies of the household, while others mean to convey that the card was left in &on, tuking the place of u bona fide visit. Q. What wae called the golden age of Latin liturature?— _A. This is also known as the clas- sical period, and extended from about ¥4 B. C. to 14 A. D. Q. What does the word * mean?—. C. A. This is an Indian word about which interpretations vary. It is usu- ally translated as “echo. uwanee"” With Passing = 7 With the passing of Nicolaf Lenin, dictator of all Russia, the soviet re- gime will undergo the supremie test of its existence. Naturally much in- of the death of the red premier. That it WUl lead to cataclysmic recults most editors think doubtful. They admit, however, that it s attended by grave possibilities to that country. At any rate, it should soon be deter- mined whether there was any per manency In the machine he bullded After all, the paramount question fs, “After Lenin, what As the New York Evening World sees it, “the fact that he is removed ifrom the scene at the moment his most brilliant colleague, Trotsky, is humiliated and defeated makes the immediate future of Russia uncer- tain,” but “there are reasons to con- clude that the elimination of the two dynamic leaders will mark the pass- ing of a phase of the Russian rev, Iution.” This is also the opinion of the Seat tie Times, which feels “there i tion to saner is _significant red a retreat from pure communism.” Before Lenin left the stage, the Milwaukee Jour- nal recalls, “he found his methods falling and others ready to push him into the background,” and these suc- cessors, the Portland Express oh. serves, “rule Russia wilh an iron hand as did Le”; however, “conditions there are better than during the early days of the revolutfon, for the im- practicability of the communistic principle has been recognized.” * k% % The Chicago Dally News, neverthe- less, malntains conditions are chaotic and “dissensions appear to bc in- evitable and their effect oa the economic and political life of Russia may be momentous.” Granting that there may be a sentiment which will g0 to the extreme to preve the spirit of Lenin lives in the Russian con- sciousness, the Alban# Knickerbocker Press insists “even that will pass, for it i3 not concelvable that the vaga- ries of communism can endure and develop in such a large and populous country in a time when the arts and sojence of civilization are making advances.” The Columbus Dispatch points out, turther, “there are strong forces tr ing to' break away from. the coni- muniet domination and that the more radical element may not be able much longer to retain its control.” At any rate, the change will come more aquickly, according to the Des Molnes Tribune, “if the rest of the world does not wage war on the soviet regime,” for “nothing would solidify the Russian people more behind the present government than u national war of defense.” But what happens in Russia. the Indianapolis News declares, “will de- pend largely on how much Lenin's successor has learned from Lenin's experience,” The Omaha World- Herald, however, predicts that “Ru: sl again faces turbulent times For, as the San Franclsco Bulletin puts it, “Lenin passcs, but Trotsky remains, which means that sovietism is not yet at an end,” for Lenin's withdrawal from Jeadership during a year's illness “has made little differ- ence.” And the Knoxville Sentinel asks, “Will tho death-of Lenin give the_oppressed bourgeois or majority n Russia a_government by ail the people and for all the people, with dictatorship by none and oppression for none?” it K Ok K The Detroit Free Press doubts that Lenin’s death can bring about any- thing like a return to sanity, because “hny- optimism that might have re- sulted from the death is put to flight by the simultaneous report that, un der a rezolution adopted by the com- ‘nunist party assembled in Moscow, the ‘pure’ and the ‘compromise’ teachings of the dcparted Viadimir flytich Ulyanov are “hereafter to be .aught the youth of all Russia as udiments for their outlook on life,” which_*is a blindness greater even than Lenin's.” kesvise the Savan- aali Press believes any changes are ! is | known as the double standard of mo- | terest attaches to the probable effect | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS 8Y FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. When did Edward Bok become a naturalized citizen of the United States?—T. E. A. It was not necessary for Ed- ward Bok to take out naturalization papers, since he was a minor at tho | time that his father became 2 watu- ralized citizen. Q. How many active volcanoes ars thero in the United States?—D. C. A. A. Mount Lassen in northern Cali- fornfa is the only active volcano in this country. While indications or volcanic energy had been displayed in the hot springs and mud lakes near its buse, Lassen did not hecome active until 1914. It has caused lit- tle damage. Q. Are clocks set by the time Lall on the State, War and Navy Building? A. The Naval Obscrvatory says that no clocks are set dircetly by the time ball, but that the time ball is controlled from the same electric switchboard at the United States Ob- servutory which sends the time signal the fadio stations and telegraph ompanies. Q. Should a messenger leave w spe- clal-delivery letter in the mail box ¢ case no one answers the door bell, ov ehould he carry the letter pack to ths Ppost office?—M. H. B. A. The Post Office Department a. that in the case of specinl delivers mail, if it is poesiblc the delive must be made to the addressec or tha person authorized to receive his or- dinary mail. At office buftdings and apartment houses an attempt ehould first be made to dellver to the ad- dress: personally in his office or apartment, und when mail 1s neces- sarily placed in lctter boxes in such buildings or houscs a notice to call at the bLox will be left under the door. This. of coursc, does not apply Wwhea the box is located at the door, Q. What stars will be the evenlng stars during the present vear?—N, . A. The evening stars in 1924 are as follows: Mercury, January 1 to Janu- March 22 to Ma . October 25 to De January 1 to July 1: to end of year; Jupiter, Jun, December 23;° Saturn, April Q. How much capital fs invested in' the motion-picture business?— C. O'D. A, The Motlon Picture Producer: and Distributors of America, In states that therc is a practical inve: ment in real estate, studios, equip- ment und salaries of over $500,000,000, with probably $50,00,000 paid in sala- $200,000,000 " paid annually in production and nearly three-quarters of a billion paid annually for admission with an equal turnover in the bu ness of over $1,000,000,000. Did the parents of Martin Ta , who was killed in u Florida con vict camp, collect any damauges for his death?—C. L. A. The New York World, which ex posed the Tabert case, is authority for the statement that on Novembcr 28 the Putnam Lumber Conmpany settled by the payment of $20.000 a suit for damages brought by Tabert's parents. (Readers of Ths FEvening Star should send their questions to The Star Information Bureaw, Frederic J. Haskin, directo tol street. The onl service is 2 cents turi postage.) Soviet Facing Supreme Test of Nicolai Lenin | improbable, for “the whole system ¢ | the government is fmpossible and ti hand of conservatism and gocd ofder everywhere is agalust it. | . The Miami News Metropolis, how- ever, feels & change lmpends, because “Russla_has come to & low point in governmental_affalrs. It {s an out- law nation. Its money s worthlese. The proletariat Is dissatisfied. Cormn- merce and industry liave reached almost the disappearing point.” T Albany News suggests, further, th “personal ambitions are scheming u counter-scheming” zmong Lenin successors and ““many things happen now, with the strong ence of Lenin ro longer ruling fr the background. But the effect of his life on the currents of national fonal le Banner claims Lenin's K a¢ left unftinished and prob- ably feebier hands will direct the destiny of Russia, yet “the nation is headed more nearly in the right di- rection than it has been since the overthrow of {mperialism In this connection the St. Paul Dis- patch admits “there is u natlonai genius In Russia which, free both of the czarist oppressors and the bol- hevik dictators, will work out itg destin This is also the bellef of the Bellingham (Wash.) Herald, which sums up the general opinion that “the greater probability ix that time and revolution, which already are at work, will gradually bring Russia _into step with the other na< tions of the world.” COURAGE “I am the master of my fate, I am the captain of my soul” —HENLEY. Helen Keller Found Happiness. Born in the sunny south, Helen Adam Keller was o strong, bright, happy child. She loved flowers and birds, Precocious, sho learned to tallc when a year old. Stricken with & serfous illness when nineteen months old, she was bereft of sight, hearing and all memories of the past. As she grew she fought against the silence and darkness and could not understand it all. Hopes for a cure were dispelled by special- ists. Still groping, when seven years old, she became the constant pupil of Miss Aune Mansfield Sullivan. Words be- gan to slowly penetrate inside tho wall surrounding the little girl faster, until, in three month: were known, At ten sho practiced day and night until she learned to talk. Told a story before lier educ €he did not understand it and it Jost in her memory. As brought it back when she was twelve, she thought it new, wrotn it and it was sent to Perkins Institute of Boston and published. The simi- larity was seen and & ecommittco grilled her and Miss Sulllvan to us- certain if they intentionally deceived. ‘The verdict was divided. Then cam the fear that any other writiugs would prove to be unrecognized imi- tations. 2 Study of Christfanity, history, the arts and languages was followed by entrance, when sixteen, into the Cam- bridge, Mass., School for Youns Le- dies. The joy over winning highest i honors there was shadowed by the death of her father. > Preparing to enter Radcliffe Col- lege, she learned only two days be- fore examination that the questions were glven In a system of raised let- ters she did not understand. By In- ! tensive study she mastered it and the examination. I She was graduated from Radcliffe with honors and was appointed ou ) the Massachugetts commission for the } blind. She is known as an author, & lecturer, @ worker in the interest of the afflicted and for her bezutiful character. “If 1 were not happy my lite would ‘be & failure” she says. (Oopyright, 1023.)