Evening Star Newspaper, January 20, 1924, Page 35

STATES MAY LOSE SEATS IN ELECTORAL COLLEGE ailure of Congress to Make Reappor- tionment, Per Constitution, Re- sponsible for Situation. BY WILL P. KENNEDY. ITH a presidential election approaching. sixteen states stand to lose one, two three or four places each fn the electoral college, and two states are to have places to they are not eatitled, according to the intent of the Constitution. Yet these sixteen states, facing a loss of twenty-seven places which the Con- stitution contemplates that they should have. have no recours cording to Representative Hen George Tucker, nationally recognized as authority on the Constitution, former president of the American Bar Association, who began his congr sional career in 1589, The possibility of the election be- inz declared unconstitutional as a re- sult of this cond wot regarded by Representative Tucker. ation has resulted from the of Congress to make a reap- ment of seats in the House fol- lowing the decennial census of 1920. Articie T of the Constitution provides that “representatives and direct taxes shall pportioned among the sev- vral states according to their respec- tive numbers,” and that this enumer- ation shall he made within every term of ten years. It also proyides in se tion 2 of Article X1V that “represen tives shall be apportioned among the several states according to their re- spective numbers. counting the whole number of persons in each state B of Reprexentation. Having provided fo decennial census and an apportionment of seats in Congress among the states in pro povtion to the total population. the Constitution makes this apportion- ment the hasis for representation in ho electoral college, ing: “Kach state shall appoint, such manner as the legislature thereof may direct, a number of electors equal to the whole number of senators and repre- sentatives to which the state mav be entitled in the Congress.” an tion seriousty This sit failurs port Te States Showing Gains. Under th nd a suse of 460 mem- hers, sixteen states gain in the num- ber of repfesentatives to which they re entitled by the proportion of their er of citizens to the whole num- of citizens in the entire United tatos. These gains are higan and C York, Pennsvivania ach, and Arkansas. Georgia, Hlinois, Massa- | Mexico. North Carolina, | ma and Washingto ch. and Missouri wou los representative has failed dacen based on a 1 num ber four New: Jers. and Texas, Connecticut chusetts, Okl Maine one Congre ai one e: cach to make a re- nment and evidences little or | do o in -time for | representatives and up the duties that Labor Party in U. S. Foreseen by Lynch no the electors disposition t <0 additional to take Continued from First Page.) comes at the Elysinm Labor is strong! country and in th all labor is org means, not nearly E gres as in England. It is well for us to remember that to keep well in mind that there is still much to do in the way of organization. Where would the vast numbers of the unor- ganized stand on this question of a akor party. e ally a party con-| d and activated by the labor movement? And t is the aim of all of the organizers of all of the so- ealled political combinations of lator. If the unorganized men and women will not organize. or may not organ- 1ze for their economic bettermert, wili they be ready to organize for their political betterment? Here is a stion that at least deserves most ul and earrest consideration. We have had in these United States geonerations two political parties called the dominant parties, We have had other parties, of course, but they have at no time been serlous con- tenders, or if they have it has been but a flash in the political sky and then oklivion Is this a two-party nation? Well, it is true that thus far the organized | Tabor movement has considered it just *hat, and has proceeded accordingly abor has striven to achieve its legis- lative programs in nation and state through one or the other of the domi nant parties. And all of the success at it has achieved—and it has not Leen inconsiderable—has been throush the dominant party that for the mo- ment shas been in power. polls th v rest will be organized in this| dominion, but not nized. not by any to great a de- more ! Question nx to Third Party. Will the wage-earners, organized 2nd unorganized. readily break away from the dominant parties through the lure of a labor party? Tt is true that the men who formed the republi- | n party did jyst that, but they had @ great and compelling issue around which to raily. And that. by the way, was also a question of labor—en- forced labor. But there still remained two dominant parties. Has this idea | hecome more firmly rooted? Well, it is just another question that must be considered, and it cannot be brushed aside with a. gesture. Gestures will 1.0% make a new party. ‘The report of the committee dealing with political policy at the Portland convention of the federation In Octo- her expresses so clearly the present rosition of the organized labor move- ment that I quote it herewith. It is of especlal Importance, in view of the recent English elections. The committee said: “The records of the American Fed- eration of Labor clearly evidence that the American trade union movement considers of first and foremost impor- tance the organizing of the wage- carners into their respective trade unions and through their constant economic and industrial power and influence redress wrongs inflicted, se- cure rights infringed upon, and pro- tect and promote their conditions of employment and enlarge their re- wards for services given. Promotion of Welfare. “The records further demonstrate that the American Federation of La- hor is not unmindful of the necessity. advisability or desirability of massing and guiding the potential political power of the wage-earners and of all groups sympathetic to the cause of i which | I census of 1920 1 | | | jor an | efrectiv lish or craft interests the Constitution provides in order that there might be true representa- tive government. In that event the national House of Representatives staiMls as it now is, and the electoral college is the same size as the House. “There is no power that can compel Congress to act” says Representative Tucker, with the authority of a half century of close study of the Constitution. “There may be a moral duty on Con- gress to act, but no power to force it to act. The presumption is that Con- gress is going to act at the earliest possible date.” Legislation Postponed. Because there is a pretty sehtiment against increasing present size of the House—i3 bers—and at the same tim opposition from a number of s that would lose memberships that they now have if the House was he to its present size, Congress has been | postponing action on reapportionment legislation. Southern in particular are opposed, claiming that the census of 1920 was not a true census, having taken at a time of serious dis- turba of the population, when many citizens left one part of the country temporarily to take employ- ment in some big industrial cente At the same time several of Congress are persistently for reapportionment actic tepresentative Fairfield o ranking republican on the committee, who in the last led the fight to hold the House at its !yresent size. and -Representatives MacLafferty of California, and Me- Leod of Michigan. whose states wonld get four and three new places. re- ctively. Representative Roy Pitzzerald of Ohio has a bill and resolution pending which would “re- store representative government” and make reapportionment automatic vwith the result of each decennial census general the mem- rong ates states been members urging rdian census Congress a Language Mandatory. “The language of the Constitution is just about as man rding reapportionment the sensus or other says Kepresentative Charles of Missouri, chairman of the Huuse cen- sus committee. own state, by the way, even if the size of the House were increased from 435 to 460 mem- bers, would stiil 1ose a scat The shift in population relieve us of the responsibility making the reapportionment ada: The has are: atory re, as it about proposition L. Faust whos does not of h of the Constitution construed by respe languaige always been as mandatory portionment. because never Leen disregarded during 130 since the first deceunial census until now. So wa “have both the law and the prophets” requiring Congress act. organized labor. first to prevent in- fringement upon the civil. economic and industrial rights of the wage- carners, whether exercised individu- ally or collectively; secondly. to safe- guard and promote the welfare and well being of the wage-earners and citizens, and to prevent the of government beinz used by powe: |any one group for the exploitation of another. “In undertaking to mass and direct this potential political power the American trade union movement deems it of primary importance that the economic organizations and power of labor shall in no way be impaired Then, too, in our peculiar form of quality of government an dtripartite divisions of the powers of government experience has demonstrated that any | attempt to mass and direct the potern- tial and actual power of the wage- arners through any form of fixed party scheme ic to destroy that effi- ciency that comes from flexible mo- bility of power to meet whatever emergency may arise and from what- ever source it may emanate. The policy and practice of the American Federation of Labor to be partisan to principles and not to be partisan to political parties has been fully justi- fled by experience. Weakness Has Developed. “That weaknesses have developed in the application of this political pol- icy Is unquestioned. These weak- nesses, Instead of disproving the va- Hdity of this policy. emphasize its eness and indicate a proficlent method of improvement by extending this policy into all primary elections i within political parties and by the en- actment of open, liberal and demo- eratic election laws.” The report was strongly supported and opposed in the debate, but was adopted on a roll call vote of 25,066 to 1,89 In | activities and political position I do not.mean to say that labor will not | achfeve political not mean to intimate party is far in the future. I am rather of a contrary opinion. But I do mean to assert that such a politi- cal party will not be organized over- night by the dreamers, nor will it come out of an effort to promte self- When a labor party does come it will be because of leadership in that movement as keen and whole-hearted as the leader- ship has been that has bullt up the economic organization of labor. It is true that developments in Eng- land are being watched by labor in this country and that they will pro- foundly affect the movement here, Copright, 1024, by the MeClure N fhoee Syndicate.) m—_— . 0Old Cancer Cure Given in 1853 Star To the Editor of The Star: The following, quoted from The Bvening Star of July 23, 1853, may be of interest to the present Evehing Star, in behalf of the medical fra- ternity: “Remedy for Cincer—Col. Ussery of the parish of De Soto informs the editor of, the Caddo Gazette that he fully tested a remedy for this trouble- some disease, recommended to him by a Spanish woman, a native of the country. The remedy Is this: Take an egg and break it. pour out the white, retaining the yolk in the shell; put in the salt and mix with the yolk as long- as it will receive it: stir them together until the salve is formed; put a portion of this on a piece of sticking plaster, and apply it to the cancer about twice a day. He has tried the remedy twice in his own family with complete suc- cess.” MISS ELLA PLATT. organization. T do notably | to | this review of labor's political | thai a labor | i HE following is a brief United rigid airship States of Shenandoah, with at Lakehurst, Wednesday night, J. by at abou at about 4 o'clock the parently next mast. The test at the thanked for N now tt which it mast, ing: seems time. The making the test know the is safe to hold on to justify Admiral Moffet when in flight. ufe. t this occasion that damage little serious, very doubtful. But, as the danger of such damag ed eliminated for the which included destruction twenty helium container upper stabilizing fin, which ing very difficult. future; of has whoopingly demonstrate ness required for the propo: otherwise. For a moment taking flight the ship was in e some fuel levers she superbly. cne <hip's _radio it was therefore a wonderful fans Apparent ning to be t rose at once. She a felt slight ir in Great three-mile limit % The king magnifice from the 1 the last cat Britain. ment with the usu The speech natien and the vivacity of a fune there no reference to the the offing, formally it presupposes 1 of life. A paternalistie social amelioration’is presented perfunctory and depressing. T of the framers are quite grave which yawns Thereafter debate on Donald tore the speech was net lacking in a foreign policy he was wnd touched the cord of sentir debate continued through t the 17th Mr. J. R. Clyn of labor 1 tion of 1 zovernment address hix sprec Asquith, chief s the slegant s ne: had 16 the doomed g < cruel and withering A’ waste f time.” said he ‘1o task of slaving @ on and advice all my 1 the anwendment The Kelpies the grim spect the hall Mr. the tomb, It srtain s usual a ok in of of confidence in the form of an the house tha Then ing heen auith v my friends to vot That T was vi Asquith pro BY HERBERT COREY. E certainly let a blessed op- portunity slip. With the chance to keep the United States courts busy for the next twenty vears. With the pros- a foot deep with ten-dollar bills. With an occasion ready made—pub- licly to harpoon the railroads—— Director General James C. Davis of the United States Railroad Admin- istration settled a billion dollars’ | worth bills against the govern- ment for less than 7 per cent of the face. He had no law suits. He had publicity. Almost the only time he got into the newspapers was when he reported with a sigh of relief to President Coolidge— “Well. That job's done.” Learned the Trick Long Ago. He learned the trick away back when Congress took the privilege of issuing passes away from the rail- roads. That hurt. Any one who was any one in those days rode on a pass. Not to have a pass was an admission { that one had no standing in the legis- {1ative. journalistic or business world. | Congress also indicated that expense accounts were to be handled with rubber gloves. Any gentleman dis- covered hanging around a state legis- lature at an excessive cost to some ]l‘flllrund automatically went under suspicion. It began to look like a {cold winter to the railroads. “They used to buy us, darn ‘em.” said an Ohio legislator. “But we'll show ‘em, now.” James C. seat attorney in Towa. in a small town where every one is known by his first name. He stud- {ied law in an with a cannon stove and a sawdust box. The best citizens used both on cold days. He had worked out no of law. Instead of taking his clients into court he coaxed them office to face the other fellow. Nine times out of ten the prospective liti- gants got together. Believes Majority Fair-Minded. #Most of us are fair-minded,” said 1 Davis. When he became chairman of the legal committee which represented the' Towa railroads, shortly after passes were forbidden, he tried the {same plan with the legislature. He announced publicly that all the rafl- road gwanted was a fair hearing in open committee, with a right to file a |statement of facts to be printed in the newspapers. The Iowa roads had ro trouble with the Towa legislators that winter. F theory of human na- ture worked. Most of us, after all, are fair. ’ When he became director general of the United States Railroad Adminis- tration things were, to speak blunHy, in a dickens of a mess. During the war the government had taken over all the roads of the United States. Contracts were signed with 313 and the remaining 219 were simply taken. The understanding was that the gov- ernment would be fair. An agree- ment was made that the roads would Dbe returned to their owners in “sub- stantially” the same condition they were when taken. When they were turned back— “Help!"” sald the roads. “You owe 7 march. grim Davis had been a county | He grew up | old-fashioned office | a plan- of his own for the practice | into his | summary the most important news of the world for the seven days ended January 19. Ameriea,—The souls aboard. was torn from her mooring mast t a windflaw of about seventy miles per hour, but rode out the fifty- five mile gale and swung back to her hangar morning. the seribus damage suffered refers it- self to the wrenching away from the mooring latter was undergoing a ten-day elements ar » thorough. The limit of wind velocity to a An airship can always slip her moor- nd the experience of Wednesday night in ment that the Shenindoah will always be safe <. unless damaged as she was on for to the layman it does seem if suffered polar region, might render return to harborage observed should be consider- the two and collapse of the later made steer- The experts are jubilant over the affair, declaring that the Shenandoah the ed Arctic expedi- tion, though some legislators seems to think immediately treme danger, threatening to crash to earth: but ballast and nks being released by emerg was handled worked. handsomely, night for the tion Britain ures by our prohibition authoritics, of vessels flving opened a dank program properly the address to tatters but his tone amenity entality. next boked for der of the house, proposed a the amendment iking the more debate. the liberals ot upon his 16 Mr. MaeD unkind crnment. Mr. 1t “to indulg I propos: . in was the death hricked from the serpentine, and ible, stalking through ented pect of covering the legal profession | us $1,014,000,000, not to mention the ftemige. I will give you a lump sum. E SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. apology for his course. question, he said, of coalition of fu liberal with the labor party, but insofar as their views agreed in the field of social legis lation there could be fruitful co-operatior that confidence will be carried tomorrow, that the Baldwin government will resign on Tuesday. and that the labor par the power—that will of It is expected naval twenty-one date succeed to event of highest moni chlefly in the field of Mr. ills. 7 o'clock asserted,” vet Ap- Dbilities” of France. skillful handling o for French deglutition. to be Mr. Clynes "furnish firm, del and susceptibilities. Russta, “Ts it,” not undertaken to withhold recognition? undertaking or pay recognition. representatives perfect iady. ate mooring the state- how is sa in the A strike of the 58,000 above, Locomotive of threatened. it will be a kind disapproved by the N. witymen (of whick expeeted 1o hold labor government Iy the General Congress. the new wages. for the worst, having motor transportation t sities. By suct handled a much One hears th very testless world fii da of mage the taunch- government. on ney more t The p Lt by Amer in ‘me and spirit_of proposed that claren and tw irmen circle the s are speedin st for you, to meet moon. is begin- over seiz- beyond the the British par ¢ on Januars throne public conservative government prior to res Frenci cham rance—~The mitted to the is a poor in categories and with authori publie servic means of jpe mi expenditur, ture for r able from Germany) up to the present be 1 The r forth to merged Polncare shows courage on th Another gove the government tions. Recovery should result from Poincare announc 1 these bills @ questic * ¥ zelos binet. 2 to effe by rcased boquet, Of cour: specter in - nite of it is all thoughts on the n inde econd able (eu hut o : en Mr. Mac- on & trifle vague The job mo- Buldwin o king last da the At ald their As- would b in the to vote, favor of knell Grecce—\e ) forming has recog y aiways cece ame achievement of inde; to British help. But Turkey the old adage behavior of the thing been rese nas to Gro. a vigorous Macdonald looks for remedy of Britain's France is to be brought to book, British rights are to be “strongly and emphatically without hurting the diplomacy” is “indicated.” It is, indeed, to gild the pill being concocted ences to France in a speech to the house by a good example new method of dealing with Franc considerate Advocating he asked, pay_her not actually taking steps to the adbts of a nation it of France 1 the Queen of Hearts, and sicked the royal equerry downstairs. Engineers If the threat is of Mr. portfollo is political sec uncil It would be most embarrassing to The ministry of transport is prepared means the c the coming planet clockwise, over rease of 20 per cent in taxes of a vesting decree, to balance the “budget of r sonstruction. imstruction honest eve of general elections. nment contr and st ape that he will v suc The zod the new do independent Lioya JANUARY There could be no jon of the ou the motion of non- ¥ will on the same be an apparently policy that munist to home nent. It is £ foreign “sucepti- resume To this end. very were No doubt certain refer- took of the ; at once of French recognition of because Russia has debts, that we the fact of mnot parties iy opposed, i is to be a bar that we have the here?'—*I*am a premicr. 5 members of the Society and Firemen is arried into effect w_strike, being Union of Rail- Thom who is in the coming etary) and of the Trade Union cided to outls though ational J. T bouquet. The despute is over m, le arrangements for supply urgent in 1919 it eff serious situation miners are getting roject of a round-the- ican airmen, beginning April, has aroused emulation in Britain quadron Leader A. S other famous British while the That will Suppose under the te hief. obedience doubtful fectiven: ported the block safely aw The Mex & westward ur my masters! midocean, xican tion to onora. nd Tex Mexico. quest ernors ®0 s government has Lill calling f % W su roan t all the government t retrenchments in the he idea by through of a me readily Texas the ground ments, Mexican is revenmes and cover- \le protectic consider the It has troops oil thence phemistic for expendi- theoretically r he deficit of which provided for by budget is ordinary budget. extraordinary Tt o hen now grant hsent the the and 1l proposes to of exchange op bilization of the fr. ation of these bills ke action on of confidence. * % ceded. of cou British govern Greek goverr promptls best give ra- begun w * mittee whi 1 L ds s budget m, ren v sta ch ts seeking to ascer houts of report not only restio nt treaty Fiume ing politi lations of Leing ent: a Britain fend since indeed, her largely due recent war with approved by the orge Eovernment <0 a1l ] ndence wa in the w One hear: Well, weil. JAMES C. DAVIS, small change. Here are the bills to prove it.” Davis has one of those kind, smooth faces that are so deceptive in poker. He said that he would look into the situation. He had built up an organi- zation of railroad men who knew all about railroading. They know about maintenance, and accounting, and law, and labor, and shops, and freights, and replacements, and de- preciations, and everything else. One of the roads offered an itemized bill which contained more than 100,000 items. The condensed statement of the average road was about as much as a man can lift. Everything was in those statements except the most vital fact. ¥ Davis' men knew as much as the railroads themselves did—or more. He had spent $15,000,000 or $20,000,000 in getting facts. That may have saved the government $600,000,000. One by one the roads were asked to send their handlest men in to argue the case. When the experts got through Director General Davis came in and spoke. Heow Davis Settled Matters. “We'll pay 8o much," said he. “For what!" screamed the railroad men. “Go into details. What are you offering to pay for? Itemize. “No,” sald Mr. Davis. “I will not It covers quit claim He did not bother to tell the rail- roads why. But every one of them would have fought every item. If one got more than the others, all the others would have died repeatedly on his doorstep. The one that got the most would have kidded its unfortu- nate brethren into a palsy. To itemize would have been to set the stage for a battle that would have made Water- 100 sound like a stick breaking under water. “And I pay cash,” said Davis. *You get your money today. Across the table. Sign on the dotted line Cltes Government's Mistake; That was what caught most of them. The roads were poison poor when the government returned them. They had been solvent, and they had ceased to pay expenses. Mr. Davis thinks the goverment made two mistakes in its management of the roads—one being the concessions imade to labor, so that one-man jobs became three, four and five man jobs, and the other being a refusal to per- mit the roads to increase their rates to meet their increased costs.” But perhaps, on the whole. the roads would have been worse off if it had not heen for government management during the war. He thinks so. One general counsel had known everything. Give me a toward Greece, friends.” Venizelos has decided on a plebi termine the future form of government. of reconstruction. would every {mportant propos vlans for rebuildir await authentic venturing comment as to Some a_recognition veloped political co . gree that it cannot safely be ignored, where- fore the supreme authorit coneiliat Viscount Ki of humble origin, he has ne role of tribune of the peaple. he has for years held the office of president of the privy council, an office of an aristocratic exieo.—Our State ted against the Tampico declared by De La Huerta, the Certain if the required to that two e government permission for the pa troops on Mexico, through wshington announced Would the The . Governors ssented, egraphed refusal owing hee might Ju nd there entrained again. requir Miscellancous.—The rk h, Ttaly consumr tmportance fo will be discus | | | bit's foot. | the end he won h 20, 1924—PAR The Story the Week Has Told BY HENRY W. BUNN, namely, “God save us from cite to de- * % Xk k Japan—It will be recalled that the cabinet of Admiral Count Yamamoto resigned recently upon the occasion of assassinate ministe ing responsibility that, as expected, the their portfolios, again; and that this time th; accepted. cerity, obviosu an attempt by a com- the prince regent—the Goto, formally assum- the sacrilegious effort abinet were invited to that they resignes r resignations resigned in all sin- ager to be quit of their j amid the still-smoking “em 1 with a for the work expected that all support. Inst theirs w budget okohama, Tokio before the significance of n and the significance of the ap- Visconnt Kiyoura as the new ay this appointment is, in ef- that the masses have de- ousness to xuch a de- Count for bs, It was iy to their al of ineclu advices from Wi ther ade ely de hand, s have it. On the oura is a_self- man er cultivated the To the contrary * k ok *x Department has of the port of rebel rebel gunboats are -acting their blockade orders, but it blockade will attain the ef- ts legality. Tt is re- antmen ire and blockade in American mer on Friday under to sea an government [ has requested g train (arms and ammun baggage) from Arizona, other part a as to n or parts of that the re- be granted, provided the moyv- ral states should of New Mexico and Ariz but acting Governor to Washington of danger of unhappy develop 1o the fact that there arc mans of revolutionary sympathics ‘ent to Mexico. If, howeve w the 1dja the federal government would guarant to Texan quest suggested detraine, of El in the ) citizens he X be whest iz would Mexican Mexican Paso and_marched state Chihuahu. Possibly Gov, Neff, Texas, will o Tetur: authorizatior * two 1 of under the chairn eking to discover be halaneed and cd: and th from 1 committee the nship of Gen th [ com mean, course ow the man rman cur- other committen amounts and man asse thentic that & 4 settlement o ing all outs questions in the i ¥ ated. is a matter of first a g mber of reasons and =d hereafter in necessary detail seist movement in Poland her country heard from. expatriated ts ar a embo b nd- all his life. Davi and _Charley “Jim." When Davis told much ke would sel's road Charl turned blue, leaned over the table and pounded. “I won't take it!" he said. take you into court Fine!” said Davis. feeling his rab- “Fine! I'm hungry for a good lawsuit. T haven't had one for a heck of a while.” Railroad Accepts Offer. “Here's where vou get stormed the general counsel YWhen vou cool down, said Davis. “voull come sign The counsel met the directors of his road New York the next . Madder than he had been the day be- fore the sum that Davis proposed to pay. “Cash?’ asked the directors. He nodded, being unable to speak. told him to take it. So Dayis on the long distance. “We accept your offer” thickly. him him how alls him He one Charley back in he called he satd fover to Washington and tell vou so.” The one big fuss was on the war- time inefliclency of labor. The roads made a point of this. The Interstate Commerce Commission handed down a decision supporting their conten- tion. iabor was no more inetiicient than the | labor the rest of us got and gave, point. the L S. C, reversed ifself, and the roads settled on his terms. n Cases Incredibly Complicated. The 532 cases—for there were that marny separate properties operated by ihe government—were incredibly com- plicated. Two months after the gov- ernment had taken over the roads an inventory was ordered. It had to be traced back two months to get it straight. Freight cars were scattered all over the systems, whereas the rule ! formerly had been to keep them on the owner’s line where possible. The government bought 2,000 locomotives and 100,000 freight cars and charged the road The working capital of the roads, amounting to §362,000,000, had been taken by the government. This was not repaid in & lump, as it should have been. It was chipped in a littie at a time, as the government could spare the money. Tough on the roads. ‘The government pald rents promptly where the roads were small and suf- tering. Big, solvent roads were told to wait. The government had no money for them at a time when hun- | dreds of millions of doliars were be- ing handed out to Russia and Poland. That made the computation more complicated. Miore than $100.000,000 in admitted bookkeeping errors were found. No wonder. If not the largest it was the most intricate job of ac- countaney ever handled. Didn't Have One Lawsuls Davis was able to get away with it because he had a one-man show. He was boss. Congress could haul him over the coals and the President could scold him, but neither has ever inter- fered. He had no politics in his or- ganization. He is republican, but he came to the work under President Wilson. When banks were selling railroad securities below par and giv- ing commissions he sold in the same market the securities he had taken from the roads at par and accrued in terest. But the big thing that he & ¥ the general coun- | They | . ih FRANCE SHOULD PAY U. S. HER DEBT IN MANLY WAY BY G P it . who hundred th francs for construction regions, to Must the w] be the victim unjustifiable of unspea Howev adopt a man re own ason why honesty inental francs), nec debt | Not hut somewhat d as England considered. ty w Britain was own fronties reparations, t am whole. 1parise al poi dire unemple country is wroug in ts. h { | the ecl U, S, T { United | no Dix ate t be prete “tion w: 1-Mex nes } Germa disinte tance reentage j tions, <h or war mad deeply upso o, | how been 1o thermo 1 that the t cannot be exn the payn yment which wa &1 of the v : But ther, | from nter upos r is gards their war debts, or a r claims rations c But it is J Washington ot have kind. 1 viewpoi tood, we |10 tackle in fr | In th |an example, ipromptly p I'll | weapon against us the United February, 1 For the Mr. Baldwin |as it seems {without a a The railro; and | presented to the government ymmon business | practice. I o remove | thas HILE Germany i every pensions thus laid meet her obligations. ns are dishonest, “rance, i 3 Roman law, must not shrink from the | Vergennes, 3 of i r msible for the agreeing considered And hould repaying nes we owe the U Example of England. is matter Great Britain se repayment “Most people.” t Davis and Dav most apoplectic, he told them |apout the raliroad business and pro- Gen. Taufflieb, Senator, So Declares, in Citing Advantages ‘to Be Gained T EN. TAUFF Distinguished French Soldier and Senator of the Bax-Rhin. straining nerve to evade the ayment of reparations, is possible “to expect has had to advance one housand million paper id for the re of her o pay off her hole burden of upon the shoulders who repelled the most aggression at the cost de debts? the war war kable sufferings? r legi point of view this argument m it is our opinion that France should a moral ay be, imate from Iy attitude and resolutely It the Ger all the more we should see that our is above all suspicion creditor of bankrupt Germany, of | Fchy ed Russia and of most of her €9,000,000,000 the inheritor allles gold of discharging her own hat the question be ifferent aspect or the United When fighting on_our side, Great | the present circumstances, th primarily defending b rs. Her share of the no means a negligible ounts to 22 per cent of Besldes, though some tish politicians have chosen, with- shadow of justification, to dra from a maritime and of view, between the »yment with which their afflicted and the havoc our ten wealthiest de have not our allies de- ved substantial compengation pse of German power? interested Assistance. case is quite different with the | . of whom it can nded seriously that th determined by fear of the | icans They rested, and the German brought us the the most chival- They claimed of the Ge re of the can it be claim de them rich, their _economic the influx sold of America an inac- of the Hesperides. re, it should not be for- the United St did not reaty of Versail nd ted, the nic man Germ repara- an a that life -nt of rising ned the 1< created the machinery altogeth jointly re- carr into effect us clauses noth 3 among thems 0 jew arrangements as re- part of ¥ under the he C bonds). atural that the ation should any scheme of now that the Ameri- is thoroughly under- no longer hesitate dependently the question the 14.350,000,000 odd ted States. upon Germ clause (e.g perfe administ nt us however, she to forge a Her war debt to States was estimated in . at §4,604,125.085. of this amount concluded an agreement of which, proceeded to me, was to do all th wsuit. T asked about it. he safd, “are fair." ads had padded the hil That is pract; not zood expected have a When they discovered men knew all to h q. {posed to settle on a fair basis, they i played fair Willard of sent on his “I1l take rightful due, Howed. | said: s themselves. Danlel the Bailtimore and Ohio ill. what you " said he. think m: Another presi- “But I'm hanged if I'll go|dent of a big road stormed and hel- When he got through Davis | Davis' Advice Accepted. { “You have | susmestion. He did. | ernment in s not heen air. only case was There an en done b; ne. i H No a i No matter. to pay. $20,000,000. thinks. Bu erous. He e {sixty ! £1ty, plays {straight fr {ries a rabbi is tal moon. He How the | $500,000,” ne bit's foot ou my hand on When 1 be thump I kne: Some o the othe were about paratively, t alrcady employes—h clent to pay due—and 50 foot. ‘Whereupo alley that through befcre in his life, he found ; another foof foot that is found is better than onejsome fifteen His job in zenerous ix vears old, and a fair game of golf. talks | feet are those that negro murderers in the dark of the | Carried it for twonty-fiv the most implicit confidence in it. day. cutting down not given us one heipful Think it over. Then Davis stuck to it that railroad | come back and talk to us agalr Davis feels that the gov- settling with the generous, but it h: was to be fair. which the government was in Minnesota ormous damage had been v a forest fire during a hurri- oubt the roads were re sponsible for some fires, but they were inot responsible for others, he sa Under an act of the leg !lature the government was compelled | Claims aggregating perhaps | $60,000,000 were settled for less than |some of the helpful things Davis gen- It it wasn't fair, was assuredly t slender, loose-jointed. oesn’t look 1 m the shoulder and car- s foot. The best rabbit are stoleri from sort of a foot years. had that Rabbit's Foot Worked. “Whenever we got down to the last said, “I'd sneak that rah ut of my pocket and put the other fellow’'s knee. n to feel the heart w I'd got him." stole that rabbit's foot The final settlements to be made. He hoped to get out of office With no lawsuits and with only a mess of little claims, com- 0 be wound up. He was his force—of sec that the e could money coming in would be insuffi- the bills that might be mebody stole his rabbit's walking through an had never walked n. he And a t. A finer foot. that is stolen. He savs so himself. You can't like that! beat a man with luck astated | of | surely | no | nsidering | hi Had | herefrom. | which, criticisms. in will pay of 3 per cent: will subsequently he raised 1o per cent. The agreement also ides for a einking fund of 3% per | cent, allowing the whole of the debt | to_be paid off in sixty-two years. | France's debt 1o the United States, vhich is considerably smaller than {the British debt, wmounts to $2,950.- | 763,000, exclusive’ of interest. But by on the present depreciation of the franc, it represents a far heavier burden for our country It is my firm bellef that would make favorable sit charze us a le she does Eng in our opinion serve Mr. Liovd For ten years Gre rest at the rat Brit per Much More Reconstruction. the next vears France further rge reconstruction villages. The will not wish generous toward was old French mon- the young American will remember that ed Versailles between Franklin remitted until after of peace puvment, of interest on the loan nill livres' France The benevolent XV involved Under reri- r to yeirs or so wherein 10 ! her an | land, say 2 cent will h; 1sums to complete the of her devastated American {to show us than to Tt ve to advance zovernment less the re- th on and the by _the ublic. - sre at 1 measure iod would consider ast cans | |repaiv her ruin {finaneial situatic Lastly, as regards ) to make u bt {ean common sense would not | draw distinction between those i that w used fo purchase of | ed to the purchase of war ma- with a view to the common Tn “this way figure ,000 francs sui Advantages 1 And now, wha | we should derive ment that { French budg s {together with | might__easily | gold franes? First and foremost, | faction setti {example of he how estimatec from our | ness marte | can opinion |all that is rea |On the eve of t paign the i { such a mover In_financi various sums Ameri- fail to a Be Derived? advant an arrange- v the perfod of about - which, £ fund, 00,000,000 fr a ua wor pon cty vears, an ant approximate 3 the moral satie- debtors of our a piritual profit 1d acers aling in bus Ameri- ever is to and great? is cam- ed b nrove : i1 no, debtor creditor, but treaty | d plays cards on the tab {of view it is thers | conversations w and reach out of our debt | rate of intere sinking fund of | of interest to e | ten years ! "And how | policy actio | Americ ithe confidenc i win the they whe | collaborate {order in Al hold ed States wip! t sixty vears ent,” with t; payment over for at least vi the Un o this ar r foveign necessary might of bucked by we shail yortunity and pla knows as M , would to 'discuss debts first step. i fill once m lin our co but what Filene recently not eventually who Stat foreshadow be willing us take th boldly, with a_smi t trust the Unite forsaken us take our lips. ates: U ver us. Industries Waste Third of Their Coal i tries about has te propri dustries as much consumption reply to a que: from Represents tive Louis Cramton of Michigan lchairman of the subcommittee ducting the hearing Growing of {Coal Commission’s ivear, have I bills introduced on both sides of | gress fo n the p | of the overnment, as relates to ¢ + Pro the coal could and 5 per cent tified befo ations com indu reduced - Bain House ap In some i1 -third of the said, ny rould Dr. 1. Fos! as on is waste v con- United State during been a good ma tha worl out last there y o » additional work r egislation will result. and in th : of the big | possibilities is by increasing the efli- rey with which the fuels used, to decrease the to the ultimate {consumer, and in that way get away tfrom the necessity of ntrating s0 much attention on the wages paid the miner. The - relatively a small item 1 cost to the man who uses In a factory or to the man who heats his house, Dr. Bain savs. Additional studies and tions of what now ably some t connection cone the m ts in demonstra possible are which can nd very likely befo the vear {s'out Congress will be asked to provide for these thing® If th efficiency in burning coal can be in- creased 25 per cent, as it can in many {industrics, that is equivalent to cut- iting the price by as much In a number of industries reau of mines has alveady demon- Istrated how one-fourth of the cosl !can be saved in burning, which has be a great deal more than in wages paid to the miner of that coal. Bain told the members of Con- that he believed it would be a good work for the government onduct a campaizn to make su avings general and to get the peo- {ple to do generally as the best en- gineers do now. thus effecting a bix coal saving without even finding any~ | thing new. rhe man be undertaken, the bu- 1 who hurns coal on that coal wherever it occurs | Bain emphasized. It doe: any difference o him whether it 1g a saving at-the mines or in the dis. tribution or in the burning—it is real saving to him. Floating School Planned. A floating scho places in Alaska is soon to be put into operation by the United States bureau of education, John J. Tigert, commissioner of education, has told Congress. Dr. Tigert said “We are starting to equ . Boxer as a floating sch points in Alaska. This weuld m to administer medic: service, as well as (o ing, radio and the use to, reach many p the U, ol to reach scutheastern it possib and’ dent cach enzineer- of the shi