Evening Star Newspaper, January 18, 1924, Page 6

" THE EVENING STAR wnhsl;lnkynmgmu WASHINGTON, D. C. /. FRIDAY. ... ..Jofuary 18, 1024 5 THEODORE W. NUYES.. . . Editor The Evening Star Newspaper comp:w usie ) it. and Pefl ivania Ave. Pusinge, OPSY Siteer 10 st ke s S5 R, 3! ith the Sunday morning T agiverch By carriers. within - ths i 60 cents per month; dafly-only, 45 ts “pér “month? Sunday only, 20 cests BT 1 2 b A 9'--_»::‘;;5)-@ of eagh-month. - ; ‘Maryland and 'Virginis, 1yr..38.40; 1 mo.,'T0¢ 1y, g.oa 1mo., 1¥Ta i1 mo., All Other: States. ly‘afid’ Sunday.1 yr., $10.00; 1 only. ‘e gTo0 mo., 856 ted 5-3'. Ame;nag:r&-'- 1s gxeli.u.“xy --eu:'c: t tisa of all news tihoe Erodiiad L0 It of Mot ofnerwise eredi in Probing the Bok Contest. At ‘least some 22,000 people will strongly ‘wpprove the ' action of the Senate yesterday in ordering an ins quiry by & special committee into the circumstances 0f the Bok peace-plen] competition. For, dccordipg to report, overy. disappointed competitor feels 1%that ‘the award was unmerited, and there are sinister suggestions that the Jjudges did not examthe all of the plans “submitted, but chose one—and this is {.the most wicked: thought of all—by ‘pre-arrangement. e 3 - The Senate committee just named, however, is% not concerned in the grievances of the losing: contestants for the" $100,000 -prige. Tt is directed by the Senate to inquire into the pur- tcipose’ and ‘motive of-the enterprise. The resclution: does’ not spegifically mention ‘the Bok peace toritest. It has '@ broader scope than that. Tt relates ' generally “to propaganda to control public_opinion atid the action of Con- gress referring to revenue ‘measures and the ‘bonus; and concluding with reference to influences employed “either by Amierican cltizens or the Tepresentatives of forelgn govern- ments ot forefgn’ institutions to con- trol or affect the forelgn or domestic ! policies of the United States.” Tnder this very broad mandate the committee: is expected fo proceed at once to “‘probe” the Bok contest; and,' eccording to report, has already sum- moned Mr. Bok® himself to appear forthwith and testify. - In a case like this it is rather futile to ook for specific Tesults. Mr. Bok is hardly likely to acknowledge, even if it were the fact, that he was prompt: ed to,his enterprise by any other mo- tive than the desire which is inherent in thie bregsts of most men to avert the evil-of war, to put the world on & basis of peace. There is nothing wrong in that..There is; indeed, on the contrary, .something sublimely good in such a. proposal. Mr. Bok may tell the committee, in effect: “Yes, this is. propaganda; its purpose js to’arouse American senti- ment in_favor of-a-working plan of . war-prevention.”” Ho may ask the rommittes wherein that is wrong.” He “"“may - poifit. to" organizations that are seeking, apd haye in the past sought, 10 influence “comgressional. action, to the effgris’ of the wpinen to secure suffrage; to the efforts éf the prohibi- tionistg to destroy the liquér evil. So far as the world knows, and no 7one has any reason. to suspect to the contrary, the prize offered by Mr. Bdk.is his'own money. He hag the right to offer it if he wishes. He may have been inspired to make this offer by others, but that {s his business. ‘There i3 nothing in his-career to sug- *+ gest the role: of catspaw. 2+ ‘Taken altogether it would seem that this s rather ‘an idle performance, Perhaps theonly purpose is counter ) 00 | complaint is made. -| thé ‘bogus plumber. ; plumbing trade, but.according to th statement of the association “it seems | difcuit to impress uzon Congresa the necessity for such-a'law.” If a'law would make cértain prac- tices of -plumbers. illegal, we should have that law. There. is'no-indication in’ the " published reports.es ‘o -how many -bogus plumbers are enjoying ‘wealth and prosperity in the'District, and the Ylain -householder finds it hard to spob.the bogis pltiiber. He chagges high prices and brings along an apprentice or assistant. plumber. who fargets the'tools and take half a “{ a8y’ to go home ‘to get them. Many citizens who have had fixtuces. “fixed” ‘and which would not work after being fixed believe that they have met some of the bogus' plumbers against whom By all s let us have some law which will set at ————r——— Botanic Garden’ Development. 1 - The Senate has just passed-two bills Which; provide for enlatged:areas and Tieéw, Buildings. for the Unitsd.States Botanlc ‘Garden, thdt long.¢stablished institution which now. occuples the eastérly end of the' Mall. By a bill passed -on Wednesday $800,600 fs appropriated to construct a conserva- tory’‘and other necessary buildings. By the-second bill, passed Thursday, a commiission is created with authority | to acquire certain areasdying south of the present garden, and, through the District Commissioners, to-close: cer- tain streets for Botanic Garden uses, ‘with-an appropriation ‘of $209,000 for this ‘purpose. ok The question of-the Botahic Garden development has been in abeyance for gome time. There has,been a feeling that the eastern end of“the Mall should pérhaps be cleared of the greenhouses and propagating: sheds, to make way for park development. But it has been deemed inadvisable ta remove the Botanic Garden from the center of the city, where {trgives a maximum of pleasure and instruction to the people, to a more.remote loca- tion. e 3 Thers_is nothing antagenistic be- tween the deVelopment of a’ Hotanic Garden ‘in the neighborhood of the Capitol and the establishment of a great national botanic garden and’ ar- boretum at Mount Hamilfon, which has been profected, arid which has the support of ‘scientific bodies and the Fine Arts Commission. That institu- tion should be created and maintained on a broad and lberal scale. It should be_a strietly scientific creation; and the sooner it is undertaken the better. The. Baatern Branch park improve- ment”* will “ soon _reach -the point where the area which has béen tenta- tively chosen for this purpose will be- eome available, And it is| desirable that the necessary legislation for the larboretum and garden should be early énacted. A With the enlargement. of the ‘Bo- tanic Garden near the Cepitol, there will be ‘within close public range con- servatories and greenhouses _filled with plants and flowers of rare beauty and of interest. The extenfion of the garden Southiward will include an‘area that is'not in the line of improvement and development. It is-mow an unattractive spot and at the present rate of, local ‘changes it will remalin thus for g long time.” Additton of this space “to. the ‘Botanic . Garden - will transform it into a place of beauty and will give the Capitol & stirrbund- ing-that is demanded by the-dignity "and importance of the’ niational legis- 1gtive center. 8 v o Beaction for Tax Reduction. The creation in New York city of a “citizens' national committee” in fa- vor of the Mellon tax-reduction pro- posal is @ sign of the national reac- tion in favor of reasonable and justi- flable reduction of taxes demanded by all the people of the land. The’ com- miittee is non-partisan, and its person- nel includes men of prominence in all sections of the country, men whose i’ propaganda. Certainly the effect of the inquiry will be to keep the so- called Bok peace plan before the’ pub- lic mind, perhaps more definitely and “"for a longer period than would other- ‘wise have been the case. * New Filter Plant. : &4 have’ been submitted for con- «Structing the filtration plant 'and “*pumping’ station 'south of -the first Teservoir on Conduit roed called for in the water supply, extenaion plan. The award and contract for this work will soon “be let, ‘and censtruction - will .. brobably be started in the spring. This = filtep will have & normal capacity of +780,000,000 “gallons of water a day, which is above Washington’s present dally water consumption .fn summer. The present ' filtration plant - works near capacity in summer to supply ‘Washington, and ‘a few years must: pass before the water comes down <from’ Great Falls through-the conduit " ‘now buflding afid is filtered by the plant for which the contract is soon to be let, We are:making progress in the big scheme:of enlarging -our water “'supply, and each step'is worth noting. With 0 much energy and resource-| ) fulness of his own it is not precisely |* « cleaf ‘what “Senator - Hiram Johnson ‘The Master, Plumbers’ Association of the District makes an announcement. that it will “wage war” against bogus’ plumbers who are defrauding the pub-. lio,of thousands of dollirs a . year. ¢ The dasodtmtion pledges 1ts support to yensop in¢ bbv@é‘hg:wwh" names are familiar to the reading pub- lic, recognized assactive in all walks of lite. Maj. Gen. John F. O'Ryan, who is chairman of the committee, announces that he regards his selection for the chairmanship as a ‘call to & patriotic pervice. -1 could no more honorably decline than I could refuse to serve the country in time of war.”” He ex- plains that the purpose of the new or- ganization is to bring about & better public understanding of basic taxation principles. He says: “The formation of a prudent. taxation policy is depend- ent upon public understanding of the basie facts and the economic laws gov- erning industrial activities.: The.citi- lzens’: committee proposes to develop understanding of these facts.~If this is done the proper corrective action by Congress will. surely. follow.” " Congress should take notice;of this mpvement, and not .fail ‘to under- stand its significance. It shows that the people are aroused to the neces- | afty of ‘tax reduction and ‘terribly in earnest about it. Some kind of legis- Iatien: Mased on the Mellon proposal is demanded, regardless of political or partisan considerations, and the voters ‘will not be: balked in their demand by politicians without deep resentment. —————et———— “Conditions have so changed since Mr. Bainbridge Colby was active in' politics that:it is not:likely .that the District. 6t Cotumbia will 'soon repeat the dis- tinction of hayving e Bécretary of State as its r_cpt'flenutllvp in a'national . Musoling &t'down the Ttallan pay roll, but he made the lira worth more 'to' those Who Wwere actually'earning it. |. ———————— sIt is<evidently - Senator. Caraway’'s ambition to ses Teapot Domle steam upeddblow the lid.off. - .* - The Largest Foustain Pén. THe picture page of The Si#d 1s a “We have heard u gréat.dealof late about slonern have-often sent to Congress thit they-hold a.piace; unique is elways & picture Which “will ‘grip the attention. of some: one.and hold 1t for ‘at Tleast a.quartér.of g minute. ‘Which. s some achlevement, . Recently thére was a picture of & woran pratending towritsi with. a largest in the world, and even the big- gest fountain pen commards our salute. Some thoughts will flow oA fountain pens even thoagh they will not flow themselves., It was said that this Gollath or Titan of & fountain pen would run-a lifetime without re- filling. There is something indefinite in that. A lifetime with mankind may vary from a fraction of an hour to & century, but if this fountain pen will run for any space of time it is worthy to have its picture in the paper, We have come to_somewhat of ob- session about fountain pens. Every man must have one or several ‘of these pens, whether he knows how to Write' of not, and sometimes he who has most.pens.in his vest pocket has least use for one. While we may b: come fondly attached to & particular fountain pen {t never shows any last- ing attachment to us, and its faculty for getting lost is not exceeded by the umbrella, the' penknife or the front door key. > But the fountain ' pen has becom that thing which, when Wwe cannot think of the proper word, we call an “Institution.” .It seems to ‘have be- come as much of & necessity to every -man as an automobils and’ golf clubs and stockings. No man would think of getting on in this world without fountain pen every, week or so,than he would think of getting on without joining two dozen societies; and asso- clations. As the fountain pen hes grown the lteraty output has in- creased, and this is one grievance that may be held against the pen. ————— . Cookie Pushers. Hugh Gibson, minister to Poland, contributes a new phrase to current colloquialisms. Testitying before the House forelgn affairs committes in behalf of the passage of a bill for the reorganization of the diplomatic and consular services, - he “declares that “white spats, tea drinkers and cookle pushers” should’ be eliminated from the diplomatic corps. S “Cookie pusher” is a new and wel- come devélopment from.*‘cake eater.” For some time after the latter phrase came into vogue there was general failure to understand its precise sig- nificance. That is the fact with all new slang classifications. Gradually, however, a “cake eater” came to be recognized g8 a species of the ‘lounge lizard,". that superfluous youth' who dwells chiefly in dancing halls. The' cake eater was of the same group, but with a different habit: He was, per- haps is vet, a frequenter of teas and receptions. One broad definition 'of him was that he never spent anything but the evening, being a sort of semi- frofessional “escort. o ’ Mr. Gibson's new type phrase will carry the cake eater into the realm of slightly higher social functions. He ruts white spats on the cookie pusher, something the cake eater would-never dream of wearing. But.there are white spat wearers who cannot be classed as cookie pushers, men of sub- stantial position in business with little time for social festivities. ‘Are’they. ‘tc be frightened off now from their. favorite footwear for fear of being (lassed as cookie pushers? . ———— References to American- diplomacy as inferior to that of the old world are frequent. Americans are usually quick to learn almoét eny kind of a game, though inclined to be particylar as to the kind of .rwles,under which they play. e ‘When Smedley. Butler gets through with local conditions in Philadelphia Gov. Pinchot might find a ‘way to put him to work on the flagrant evils aris- ing all over the country from viola- tions of the eighteenth amendment. ——————— As a compliment to the delegates the figure of Diana on the Madison Square Garden tower -might be re. draped to represent Miss Democracy. ——— With so many fake doctors at large there is some excuse for the man who refuses to take anything except calo- mel or quinine. i | No satisfactory way is suggested to make it impossible for the bootlegger to manage his investments on a tax- exempt basis. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Wheelbarrow. 0ld wheelbarrow's goin® still. " "Long with engines new. 'Spite of engineerin’ skill, Has {ts work to do. Flivver goin' mighty strong, Smashes up, one day. 0ld wheelbarrow comes along And carries it awgy. ¥ Airship roamin’ through‘the sky Slips a cog, perhaps. 01d wheelbarrow passin’ by Totes away the scrape. Time.some big improvements brings, ‘There's no room to doubt; But the plain old useful things Can't be done without. our political system becoming Matgd?™ - “Rather,” answersd Senator = Sor- ghum. “A man now has to work as herd’'to get nominated as he used to 'bave to work to get elected.” Jud Tunkins says &.man who never finds’fault comes to be regarded by a. iot of people as satisfied and unsym- “The fijghts shall be Ailled with music, A:d the cares’that infest the day"— ‘Wil sxpand-more-and wore. while the people mext door . ¥ * Cloan Ups. - o “Why don't you have somebody come in:and clean up Crimeon Gulch?" .“We don't need any ou ' regular “citizens have is talin’:: ” | IN TODAY’S .. SPOTLIGHT BY PAUL V. COLLINS George Washington's greatest dream’ of promotion was in Tonnec- tion with; the development, ol Great Palls and the Potomao river,:‘with a nal running arbund- the falls; con- neoting tifewater = with . tha great west. That.dream, which: he .desig- nated as his “favorite plan” stands today ‘oply ‘in" rufneft ;, tndsonry. ot three canal Jocks, .long sincs. aban- . For-who could then-foresee the coming’ of ‘the steawm rafiway, to supérsede canaj, boats. much less hy- Loy dl_‘E:I:clm Power to.supersede steam- :will' be asked ‘again at|q years), to accept ‘George Washing- ton's “favorite plan” mpdernized, by doveloping the potential hydroslectric power ; of - Great Fulls. . Theeeby it would not only save annuslly more thin" 300,000" foris of coal, ,but ‘make the Caplital & great manufacturing center and head of ocean navigation. ~The otentlal power now ‘going t waste 'dver the cataract and -raplds amounts to 38,000 horsepower. 'As the city grows In population-its own needa“will eventually absorb all that power. In the ‘meantime there will be abundant market for it, {n manufac- tures which always flock to. cheap [power; or, when Imked with the ‘super:power” of the east, (uniting all the territory from New England to. Georgia), the (surplus power will find a ready market within a very wide radius—ffom -Richmond to Bal- timore and Wheeling, W. Va. ok ok ¥ Thé ‘development of the.falls and Tapids of the Potomac river has been a “fivorité plan” of Senator Norris of Nebraska throughout his twenty years In Congress. Once his bill for that purpose passed the Senats, but was defeated by ‘the representatives of ‘the House, when It reached con- ference. It still has strong support In ‘the Senate, and may. pass both branches this year, for Senator Norrls has reintroduced the measure, and it i also pending in the House The oppegition in the Houss usually comes from new members who have not had opportynity te study its merits, and look only at the cost. "'r‘r‘e Droject, as presented by the ngipeers, 18 complicated with ab< Ntrige technicay language, therefora it is handicapped. All that the aver- age congressman, engrossed with his home needs, ‘can’ 8ea clearly is that e separate parts to this plan, ranging in cost from $2,000,000 to. $18.000,000 and @ total estimate CoSt of $44,421,000. The enterprise !nnl;nlrl under mnlnlderatlnn has to do With power only—not water suppl for Washington. L E ok ok ¥ At firet, both water supply. and {power were included in one profect, but Congress has now adopted a:plan for additional water supply, with a new eonduit, parallel to the old icon- dutt, receiving water from a special dam just above the falis. This water ‘supply improvément: will cost about $6,500,000, and will inélude a filtration basin costing $8%7,000, and a nine-foot conduit paralleling the old iconduit and doubling the water flow from the dam to the city. = With the new conduit, the supply will be asple {for the next generation, even with. the {population increased to' half a million, jas_estimated for 1940, or 640.000 by 1980, in_place of the present $47,009. There is agitation for “high ' water Dressure” for the business district. but that wol e obtal pumping from the river cln-entgb m{ city into separate mains connecting only With fire plugs. 5 h * KT The Great Falls development for Wwater power {s outlined in a volumi- nous and highly technical report to Con- |&Tesr by Maj. M. C. Tyler, Engineer Corps, U. 8. A. There have been many projects, but- today ‘there” is only one that has the sanction of Army engineers and of the,adyocates. in Congress. It consists of two dams and three great reservoirs. One of the dams would be located near Chaln bridge—near the Dis- trict and Virginia boundary line, where a powerhouse would bp located at this lam. The other dam would be just above the falls, with another powe: house.. The scenic beauty of the falls will not be affected by the development. ‘The: Chain bridge dam would 115 feet high, and ‘would create water reservoir a mile .wide and e: ;u?ldln‘ “hine ‘miles to the foot of the alls. Above Great Falls would be snother, dam, with ‘a crest 195 ‘feet above tide- water level, which would create a res- ervoir about a mile in width, extending up the river to Brunswick, near Har- pers Ferry, a distance of some ten miles. 5 * x ok Thess two dims are all that are needed to create maximum power during most of-the year, In order to provide a uniform flow_of water the year round, ‘it ‘Is proposed to build storage ressrvolrs by construct- ing a: ddm at Brocks gap 213 feet above._the river bed and $68 feet long, Wwith & reservolr capacity of 409,500 acre feet at an elevatfon of 1,250 feet abova the blse of Chain bridge dam— tidewater. ° Ancther reservolr dam would be built at Romney, W. Va., on the south branch of the Potomac, with & height of 1145 feet above the stream bed, and a length of 1,850 feet, L ing a pool at 660 above sea level, containing 464,700 acre feet. On the Great Cacapon river, a branch of.the Potomac, would be another reservoir with & dam 226 feet high and 772 feet long, with a pool 700 feet above tide- water and a capacity of 463,450 acre- feet of water. These three great res- ervoirse. would cost $12,205,000 and would contain a total of 1,270,000 acre-feet. (An acre-foot is one foot in_depth ‘and one acre in area. It is recommended that the invest- ment in the reservoirs is cheaper and better than a steam plant.- With the reservoirs no steam auxiliary phnt | would be needed and ‘no coal ‘would ever be required. If only the power plant at Chain bridge should be installed, the cost of electricity would be no lower fo the consumer than it is now. - 'With coal at $7 a ton on the siding, as it.{s now, the full hydroelectric plant would be able to supply current to consumers at about one-half the present rate. * % % ¥ . Why not permit privats enterprise to .develop the hydroelectric fower plant, instead of the government do- ing it? Because, according to the proponents,. the Potomac Electric Power Company has shut out all pos- sibility of such competition by organ- izing a Great Falls Electric Power Company and acquiring all the ripa- rian rights to the falls and rapids. The governmdnt, which has the right of eminent domain to condemn and take the property. If the government does develop the power, It is the plan to deliver that power to the Potomac Electric Power Company or some other distributing agency, to distribute it to consumers over lines already existing. The law would make it compulsory that all public utilitles get their current from the government plant. I~ (Copyright, 1024, by Paul'¥V. Collins.) Lord Brooke, Who Offered . Aid to Pershing, Now An Earl |BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENGY. Warwick's new .earl, sixth of his {1ine, Who has just succeeded to the family honors through the death ‘of his father, will be remembered by {Ametican ‘military men as the Maj. [Gen. Lord Brooke who by direction iof King George placed himself at the disposal of Gen. John Pershing fm- mediately on the latter's arrival in England to assume command in chief of .the United States expeditionary forces in France and to act as the connecting link between the Amerd- can grmy there and the British war department. . No more suitable officer {could have been selected for the job. For the then Lord Brooke had been much {n America, both officially and unofficlally, had hosts of friends among the officers of the United States Army, with whom he was brought into frequent contact when stationed in Canada prior to ths great war, and is_very sensible, level headed and full of tact. He may congratulate himself today for having had the courage to resist the entreaties of his parents, and especially of his mother, to consent to the breaking of the entall of tha estates, those belonging to the earl- dom of Warwick comprising Warwick Castle and some 15,000 acres of land in Warwickshire, while his mother’s entailed estates, to which he is like- ise next heir, extend over gome 0,000 acres in Essex. it he had yielded-in the matter the late Lord Warwick, and llkewise his widow, would have converted all their landed possessions into cash. In that event most of the money would have been absorbed by the creditors of his rents, while the remainder would ave been swallowed up by their liv- ing expenses, so that nothing would be left .for his own wite and children on his succession to the earldom. matters - .stand . now the . Warwick Castle and the 15,000 acres.of War- wickshire pass into his possession practically * freé from . any .ineum- brance. For the mortgages which had bgen raised on.the preperty—the late élrl had raised money on every- thing in ht—have. been wiped oft the ‘slate. by :the heavy insurances taken out on his life by his creditors, who constitute a small army b themselves. When his now widowed mother +follows her husband to the grave the heavy insurances: placed upon her life by her creditors will in the same way wipe out mc.mmsnm and other -incambrances on her 30000 acres of property in Essex. ‘Although far from rich while still Lord Brooke, the new earl had fre- quently helped his parents in their financial stréits, and on more than oné occasiolr ‘when ' his mothér's ersonal - belongings, including - her jewelry,: wete put up ‘to public auc- tion for'the benefit of- her army .of oreditors, he:made heavy -pecuniary sacrifices to purchase: them back, re- storing them to her possession, but rqtalning his ownership and thus pro- tected, them from dny néw séizu * ok ox ok 3 ick has had a rather at school. at Bton..when the war broke outin ‘South. Africa a quarter-of:a century Lord Warw! {ago; 'and ‘on hearing of tie British‘te- verses which signalized the.earijer stages of the conflict he vainly en- treated ‘his Darents or.permission to volunteer-for aervice At tire front. On this being refased on-the score of his age he soid hiw fur.coat, his.gun, his watch, scarfpins, shirt studs.and’cuff links, in .fact, everything that he ovuld cenvert into-cash, bought:a kit ~n ticket -for- thié Cape af 'Good | Hope; ran ' away. from. sehool..and aaifed for South Af from- Madeira. a"letter o:hip. father explaining_what -he: had -dome. . T late earl hesitated for a time as.to ‘what was the best course webuuuo g alt o have.him shippod e “..n:.hh arrival at hi'-mfu a - N mere boy. But he finhlly corcluded that it would be doing him a bad service, 80 instead he set to work to procure him a commission, with €o much success that when the young- ster, barely seventeen years old, land- ed at the Cape of Good Hope he found that he had been gaszetted as & mec- ond lieutenant, the youngest officer in the army, and appointed to the Staff of the commanding general of the cavalry forces, then Sir John French, now fleld marshal, the Earl of Ypres. He went through the cam- paign with much credit, was trans- ferred to the 1st Life Guards, in which crack regiment he served with rank of captain, was A. D. C. for three years on the staff of Lord Mil- ner when high commissioner of South Africa, “and “being unable to secure the position of military attache to either of the belligerent armies in the Manchurian war of 4-1905 ob- tained leave of absence from his regi- ment and accepted, with the permis- slon of the war department, a com- mission to act as special war corre- spondent for Reuter's Agency in Manchuria, doing o well that'at the conclusion’ of hostilitles he was deco- rated by both the Russian and Japa- nese governments, while on his re- turn to England King Edward be- stowed upon him the Victorian order. Then he joined the staff of Field Mar- shall Lord Kitchener in India, ac- companied him as A. D. C. to Aue- tralia and to Japan, and in 1910, when Kitchener accepted the post of Brit- ish plenipotentiary in Egypt, Lord Brooke joined the staff of the inspec- tor general nf imperial forces, taking more particular charge of the work in Canada, where, in 1913, during the maneuvers, he commandsd the 2d Cavalry Brigade. Sk ok k% Under the circumstances it is only natural that on:the outbreak of the great ‘'war he should have been asso- fclated in the command of the various Canadian contingents at the - front, [¥hers he served with, considerabls distinction, - receiving ' two ° serious | | Mioh | Wounds which placed him hors de ‘combat for a time and which re- stricted him after his recovery to-staft rdutfes.” He was to have accompanied |Lord Kitchener, who held him ‘in Special favor, on that fateful voyage io Russia which came to an -end |ihrough the foundering -of the war: ship Berkshire off the storm-beaten coast of the Orkney Islands with all lnn board. Something occurred at the Iast minute to prevent his going. - Lord “!c.rilfl IHI %‘d"l.d to the very pretty ofe Eden, who has |iziherited much of the -comelinens of | Lady Eden, her mother, who was 50 celebrated for her beauty, which was portrayed by Whistler in a marvelous j plcture that became the subject of a itter war between the artist and her husband, Sir William Ed. o 'lia.ryll.nd. It may be recalled. that when Lady Warwick’s marriage’ tool I place some fifteen years: ago- at.St. George's Church, Hanover square, in London, the ple of Maryland, membering tha ;mmdaahtfinx 1 of-Maryland and oun: colony of- an from Sir Robert Eden the-last: Brit- ish governor of Maryland, ‘presented ‘.h;s‘r'wllh @, very magnificent plece -of piate: S < & ‘There i3 no. connection: bétwéenthe, pre&ntfbru of Warwick .and: the was partrayed by Bulwer Lytisn i was. . Bulwer n_ as a.le o;(oz the Barons”-in.the: his- Tic D -only association between=them is-that fof: the titlé and ' the ownership “ef arwick ht The. ‘%! oy % had -no_son,: but .two. . one {of-whom, Lax 'fidn Neville, bectme > conmort 'of ug: ‘Richard I of S rica, after malling | marri 4 an parllamentary legislating on qu Views Held' Erroneous, shall Challenged. To the Editor of The Btar: “Ex-Vice President ‘Marshall, in a syndicated letter published in The Star on Sunday, takes two positions which should not, I think, be allowed to go without challenge. In the first place, he feels, appar- ently, that Congress sh6uld not, inter- fere with the decisions by the Sus preme Court by s bare majority de stroying- legislative acts.as,uncon- stitutional.\ He believes an attempt by Congtress (or; prebumabfy, by con- stitutional - amendment) to prohibit e Supreme_ Court from declaring such acts unconstitutional by & two- thirds or seven-ninths vote to be de- structive of “the principle of major- ity rule,” which he holds_necessary to".our government. He thinks the court has the same right that other branches of the government have t decide matters on the piinciple of | ‘bare majority. S | The ex-Vice Presiderit seems to be ©oblivious to the fact that.the decla~ ration of legislative acts @s: uncon- ‘stigutional. 1s’oné of the most fmpor- tant jurisdictions a court can exer- cise, and that With regard to other branches of the government, When matters of .the, highest importance atise the vote of a bare majority ‘does not ‘determine. ..To. {llustrate, the body over which he presided may not ratity and confirm a' treaty save by a two-thirds vote, nor impeich a President except ‘by a like vote. Congress. itselt ‘cgunot. proposge. an amendment to the Constitution ex- cept by a two-thirds" vote, nor may 1t be adopted ‘save'by a Vote of three- fourths of the states. At the present moment the Supreme Court passes upon’ constitutional questfons, con- trary to the wishes, of Comgress, by a vote of five to .four, even though the four have back of them the opin- fon of a majority of Congress, and, ordinarily, aT8o of the President. Any one of the flve creating such a ma- Jority, .therefore, exercises a.power | which he and four of his assoelates use to:destroy the action of the en- tire law-making body of the govern- ment. It would seem that if a two- thirds or a three-fourths majority were Tequired in the classes of cases aboVe ‘cited it would not be at all out of the way to prohibit the Su- preme Court from defeating the wishes 5t Congress, which generally reflect the wishes of the majority of the people in the country, by at least a seven-nintha vote, although it may be doubtful whether Congress can do_this by mere leglslation. - I need but remind you that the power now exercised by the Supreme Court is dangerous and has been de- structive. Six of the nine members in the Dred Scott decision contrib- uted, it is belleved by many, to} hasten our civil war. Five at one time declared the legal tender act|W. to be unconstitutional; again. five de- stroyed the old income tax law; five destroyed the child labor law and five nullified the first federal em- plovers’ liability act. Within a short period five declared the minimum wage law in the District of Colum- bia to be unconstitutional, thereby incidentally compellifig large num- bers of women to,wotk for less than even a bare subsistence. It would be easy. to argu, {n fact, that every one of ‘these declsions has' carried with it_mischievous resulits. , The ex-Vice President agaln errs in saying that “the law which per- mits the United States courts to In- terfere by. way. of -injunction with. the decisions of ther various utility commissions of -our clties.and:states is a source of great irritation.” This, he thinks, should be changed. The difficulty aboxt this statement is that there {s no gu\h law. The courts in- terfere with <hie decisions of public utility commissNas and of legislators tions of rates, etc., on the theory thX the legislating bodies have acted wXhout “due proc- ess of law” or havA dented “equal protection of the laws" orhave vio- lated the obligation of x contract or in some other manner {nterfered with constitutional rights. Mr. Marshall, therefore, in his ‘subsequent” argu- ment has, I think, failed to address | himself to conditions as they are. The fact Is that the Supreme Court or some other body should exercise the power it now exercises to restrain the “violation on the part of the states of the several constitutional provisions, but it ddes not follow that the Supreme Court should do- this by & bare majority, nor does it follow that its power should extend to de- claring acts of Congress unconstitu- tional. JACKSON H. RALSTON. | COURAGE “I am the master of my fate, I am the captain of my soul.” [ENLEY. Jane Addams Won Despite Pain. TUndersized, sickly and delicate, Jane Addams, the child, was reared in obscure Cedarville, Il Affiicted with a slight curvature of the spine, she thought her father would be dis- graced if visitors knew that he was the parent of “such an ugly, gawky girl,” and would hide when they came. | . When she attended Rockford Co! lege, where those who remained ou side the ohurch might be thought blind or_stubborn, and where many graduates became forelgn mission- aries, she had to accept the isolation of those who did not agree with the majority. Chosen to represent the college in Illinols’ intercollegiate con- test, she won only fifth place. Plans to be a dooter among the r were crushed when, at the end of a year in Philadelphia Medical Col- lege, her spinal weakness forced her ! to bed, and physicians ordered her to Europe. Her settlement work was started in & deserted building in one of Chicago's worst districts. Nelghbors wer's com- posed of thirty-six nationalities They could not, even feared to, speak to each other, and were especially sus- icious of educated American women. oliticlans did not like her ideas, and & manufacturers’ organization tried to thwart her campaign for better work- (one was to have Senator Smith chosen | nditions. Her efforts to be gar- g‘a::oeollchr, that she might im- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN Q. Who ‘won the Willlam A.-Clark prize at the ofl painting exhibition at the Corcoran Art Gallery this year?— W. V. W. A. Gporge W. Bellows won the Willlam A. Clark prize of $2,000 and the Corcoran gold medal at the ninth exHllitidn of cotemporary American ollipaintings. This ethibition s near- ing its close at the Corcoran Art Gal- lery. Q. In how. many languages {s the Bible read in. ited States?— A the United 7 A. The American Bible Soclety says that in 1922, in the United States alone, {t distributed Scriptures in ninety-two languages, Q. Have the revolutionary activi- tles in Mexico caused the closing of any ports in that country?—C. S. A. The Departmient of Commerce says that as & result of such actlvi- ties the Mexican government has de- clared the ports of Vera @raz, Fron- tera and {Progresp; on the,gulf and Manzanfllo on the Pacifig, closed to traffic, forbidding the dlschargs of merchandise there. This has resulted In copgestion at Tampico, notwith- standing ‘recént improvements in the facilities of that.port. - Q" How much money ix spent year- ly for, Christmas. treca?—tt K= > Cor A. It is estimated that about $1,- 500,000 is spent annually for ever- green trees at Christmas time. Q. Why 1s"some wood fine grained de other wood coarse grained?—V. A. Thd gréin'tn wood depends upon the width and density of the rings formed in the growth of the tree. Whore the rings are wide the wood is: coarse gfatned, where narrow, the wood is fine ained. Fine grained woods ordinarily are capable of taking a high polish. Mexican serapes class: F. W. Q. 2 as tape: ? _A. Both Moexican serapes and Navajo blankets are primitive tapes- es. Q. _In proportien to the. pipulation, how 4id the north aAd sbuth enter the army’in the cfvil war?—aA. G. . A.-Less than one-half of the mill- tary population of the north entered the army, wkile in the south the pro- portlon wag nine-tenths. Mllitary age in the north was from elghteen to forty. The south had to enlist nine- tenths of all its males from seven- teen to sixty. — Q. When was the great excitement gver the second coming of Christ?— A. The greatest agitation due to the expectation of the second advent of Christ took place in 1843-1844, due to the preaching of Willlam Miller, who in 1821 foretold the world on the later dates. Q. To .what church do belong?—{ = ~£1 urcl es McAdoo A. Willlam G. McAdoo is an Episco- palian, Q."When_ will the' next examina- tion;_ for West Point be held?—A. A. The next examination for ap: pointments to- the Inited States Mill— tary Academy at West Point is to be keld the first Tuesday In March. Q. Is the lifting of ofl from wells to storage tanks an expensive pro- cedure?—N. 0. K. A. The bureau cf mines savs ‘that from 20 to $0 per cent of the total cost of producing petroleum may be charged to‘lifting the ‘oil: -Although end of the | the 1ifting oost ranges from less than 3 cents & barrel at flowing wells produgiie several hundred barrels o 4ay, t9 $3 2 barrel at wells producing 1 N a fifth of a barrel a day, the Ufting coet per well per month may range from more than $1,000 at large flowing wells of the type recently de- veloped in Oklahoma. Texas, Arkan- sas and California, fo less than $10 at many of the old wells pumped only a few hours a week, in most of ‘the ofl fields of New York and Pennsylvatia, whers the average daily production per well per day is lesn than onesfourth of a barrel. Q. What does 2 small letter o sur- rounded with a ciréls mean?—E. J. I, A. This s a sign that the photo- graph or article bearing the mark has been copyrighted. Q, Which is England's olfiest col- cny?—F. L. N, A. Newfoundland is England's first and oldest colony. It has recently been made a dominfon because of the herolsm of its soldiers in the war. Q. Can war risk jnsurange be dis- poged of by wfll?—J. P. A. War risk insurancs cannot be willed or assigned. In the event of the death of the beneficiary:of a war risk insurance policy the benefits will be divided among the next of the sol- dier’s kin according to the law of the state in which he resided: Q. From what kind of a turtle is tortoise shell taken?—B. 8. A. The hawkbill, a marine turtle found in tropical sems, has the shell used for ornamental purposes. Q: Since all water contains bac- teria, what may be called pure drink- ing water?—N. B. C. A. The bureau of mines says that pure drinking water may be defined |as that which does not contain any substance injurious to health. Q. How can sealing wax be made at home?—K. H. . Equal parts of shoemaker's wax and resin make a good sealing wa: It will not tempt mice and insects a paraffin does. Q. “What royalty s usually paid tc composers of popular songs?—J. J. A Two cents a copy is the usual royalty. “After the Ball” is said to have brought a royalty of $100,000 t. its composer, Charles K. Harris* Q. Was jade first found in China? —A. L A. The name is applied to various tough, compact minerals of the pyroxene and amphibole groups and was used by primitive man for uten- sils and ornaments. Jade has been found among the relics of the lake dwellers in Switzerland, in France, in Mexico, Greece, and Asia Minor. Q. ‘What {3 the National Municipal League?’—C. M. K. A. The National Municipal League 18 an interstate organization made u of individual members and afl with state and local assoclations for the purpose of promoting better gov- ernment fn cities. It was founded in 1894 in New York and is non-partisan in character. Q. How do we distinguish between tacks, nails and spikes?—R. B. H. A. In the United States anything less than the two-penny fin size i= known as a brad, while anything above the sixty-penny size is a spike, nalils range in size from two-penny to sixty-penny. (Let The Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, directar, 1220 North Capitol strest, omewer your gueation. There is %o eharge for this scrvice ezcept 2 cents.in’stamps for return postage.)’ Election of Senator Smith Held no Gain to Railroads Election by the United States Senate of Senator Ellison D. Smith of South Carolina, democrat, to be chairman of the very important interstate com- merce committee, through the action of Senator Robert M. La Follette and his assoclated insurgents lining up with the democrats, has not con- vinced the editars of the country that there will be any real remedial ac- tion proposed by that committee in rallway legislation. It is accepted that the Senate action simply em- phasizes the new rule of diseontent in politics. The viewpoint of the ed- itors who feel this way is well exem- plified by the democratic. Baltimore Sun, which recalls that, after all, any railroad legislation will be decided on the floor of the Senate and not in the committes and asks, “If senators are sincere in thelr desire to settle the issue on right lines, and are not mere- ly desiring to make political capital out of it. why all these melodramatic and foolish grandstand plays? Somie- times—in fact, very often—the Sen- ate of the United States makes the Dpeople of this country very tired. And folks back home are almost driven to ask why not abolish the Senate rather than the Supreme Court, as some sen- ators suggest?” 8 It 1s “a glorious victory for Senator La Follette,” the New York Times (Independent democrat) agrees, “but it would puzzle him to tell any in- quiring little Peterkin what the fight- ing was about. Senator Smith doubt- less has ideas of his own about rail- way -legislation, but will not bs found leading a:. wrecking gang. Senator Smith will not be able to=tontrol#the vote of either his committee or of a majority of the Senate. If any man is _concerned to know what 13 the prospect that the transportation act will be radically amended this year, he should look to the policy of the administration and to that of the re- publican majority {n Congress.” * ok ok X It is*the bellef of the Hartford Cou- rant (independent republican), how- ever, that “it is better to have the question settled badly than not at all, and now at least this important com- mittes can get under way and tackle some-of the important things. that it} was to consider.” Incidentally the Springfield Republican (Independent), can “find no. precedent in the history of the Senate for what has happened,” because “Senator Cummins has been thrown out, not for disloyalty. to the' adminfstration, but because the administration was too feeble to save him from an insurgent raid.” The Brooklyn Eagle (Independent democrat), is convinced a “party- dis- advantage that may prove a grave chsirman in a year when democrats cannot hope to write any new laws f | prove health conditions, were blocked [into the statute books. La Follette are assisting, at an attempt to waste jare prove that La | Follette has ceased to deserve remot- {est classification with the ‘party. under whose label, falsely borrowed he parades. Did he march with his party in the war? Has he not always been organizing external _political revolution?. Is he not seeking the presidency today at_the hands of & destructive bloc that seeks power at any price? ‘The sooner republicaniem ceases all ‘attempts to compromise with him, for the sake of expedient emergency, the sooner we shall re- | approach political divisions in this country that, have roots in definite principles. The sooner democracy learns to ‘beware of Greeks bearing gifts the sooner it will consolidate its ambitions on firm foundations.” £ % % x In gddition the St. Paul Dispatch (independent$ insists “the republicans in ‘the Senate have been out- maneuvered, and in a sense defeated. in @ contest which gives prominence to La Follette. How far it is deserv- ed need not be determined, but prob- ably more than one member of the dominant party in that body may re- gret the failure'to take advantage of the opportunity and vacate the seat held by the Wisconsin trouble-maker. Politics 1s strangely mixed-up and nowhers more than in that ‘choicest club in the country’ the United States Senate.” The fact remains, however, the Lincoln State Journal (independent) points out, that “a republican ceuld have been elected. The insurgents would have joined the regulars in electing Couzens, who is an insurgent,” but who I8 in substantial agreeme with the republicans on the railroad question. But the regulars preferred the election of a democrat to the election of a republican agreeable to the insurgents.” And the Detroit News (independent) cannot see any advantage to because “Senator Smith 18 no more progre: sive than Senator Cummins.” also the view of the Chronicle (democratic), Asheville Times (independent demo- cratic), although the latter recognizes in the result a “demonstration of in- surgent power.” A strategic mistake may also have been made, the Des Moines Tribune (independent) feels, and “Senator Cummins might much better have withdrawn and let La Follette. have the chairmanship to * Wwhich he was entitled under the rules of senfority. As it is, to spite Le Follette, the republicans have played into La Follette's hands.” In a Few Words. If the Monroe doctrine means an: thing at all it means for us to &t home und mind our own busin —BRIG. GEN. C. H. SHERRILL necessary to i Our English-speaking peoples, in by technicalities, so she secured the |has struck his first blow effectively.!our slow, oafish way, are looking on. ¢ inspector of streets and r:y.s‘. :nfl xr’iny decreased the death rate. Her fight against the drug traf- fio was often disheartening, but she won. 11 House is world-famed. nv&%‘{lvgunu a settlement modeled after it; large municipalities have many. > Addams has been honored<by e rarse. “Fajo gave Ber its first honor to & woman. . 20 has served on educational directdfates: for years, 0| S as arbitrator in & Pullman strike, has been & leader in woman g6 betterment of human- rtl:l t:nc‘l"rlm":;!;l;::en1l»l:m ‘;l:’lb;‘l:sn.lfn part o globe. , - Sona) touch hisiamed 'fhousands: tb nuer themselves: .. * foa ! Next——Liloyd George, the Peor Bey. (Copyright, 1924.) Y, death so as to ex- o oo " Baridom. - Ao daughior, t, Countess of Salisbury, was beheaded in Kl:: T:;r !o'tniandon, had daughter r_Sons: one - | There are other blows to come. Also he seems to hold isconsin, ‘and a good section of the northwest outside of Wisconsin, in the hollow of his hand, and the republicans who seek to elect a President next November will not be anxious to allenate any electoral vot: That also is worth the consideration of observers.” .To W‘!‘llch the ?flafllmurla& .'I'bln’n:-l (democratic) “having the chair- i 3 it not pertinent-to; ine quire of Senator Smith, as of the dog that tried to catch the train, what is he going to do with it. Whether one vel of that name, and:the|SfOrts, has headed many world move- | calls the election of Senator Smith a no capital city today that does E o8 “the ictory for the progressives, or & vic- e S ol b, ot L -{or the bucke o “Dowkting of 1t g & Viotoy for the e Fotistee's a “rule or ruin” La Follette's was 2 Raoids ns, the mo i perienced railroad economist in Con- gress, once rated as a violent ‘progressive’ before the red days of adicalism, s relleved of —head of ti ey = w' many more-exhiblts and torment to death & great commu- , nity as civilizec as our own. 5 —H. G. WELLS. No man is scrupulous all around. Each man has, according to his fac- ultles and interests, certain points of honor, while in matters that do Dot intefeat him ho Is careless and Rscrupulous. BTl BERNARD SHAW. “There is no capital In Europe today that is not nourishing and cherishing live embers of the late war. There is mot | contain here embers which, with a fresh blowing wingd, will scat- Fter themselves:over, t flammable material f: BuTope ndistart another war. < A —RAMSAY MACDONALD. The human race: not continte to exist in a state’f anarchy. The fact that old authority are overthrown forpermit new onps to be erected in their stead, irresist- {bly enforces the conclusion that au thority represents a soclal-psycholog- ical- nesessity.— - - .. L~ < - —DR. LUDWIG STETN, some’