Evening Star Newspaper, November 22, 1923, Page 6

THE EVENING ‘STAR = WSFWMMMSIM. —— WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. . -November 23, 1923 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Dustzew Ofiice, 1ith B P Ivenia Ave. New Tork Office: 110 East 420 8t. Shicauo Office: Tower, Bullding. Murepean Oftice: 18 Regent 8t.. Loadon, Eugland, Tbe Brening Star, with the Sunday morning sdition, In ivered by carriers withln the €ty i 80 conts ger mooth; duily eals, 43 cents per moath; Busday v, 20 cents per menth. Orders may be sent by wmsil or tele- Dhese Main 5000. “Collection it made by car- Tie:s at the end of each mouth. Rate by Mail~Payable in Advance, . Maryland and Virginia, Daily and Sunday..1 Dally oniy. veeeesesst Sunday only! Member of the Associated Press, The Ansoctated Press is oxclusively entitied fo the use for republication of all Fews dis. Patebes crvdited to it o mot otherivise credited B fhis paper and “alwo the iocal news pub: llshéd hereln. All rights of publication ef Special_dupatches Her 150 reserv Party Plans in House. In advance of the respective cau- cuses of the democrats and Tepub- 4 of the ¥ouse, set for Decem- , talk at the Capitol takes in the subjeet of organization of the ilouse ‘and possible party and fac- tonal combinations on prospective legtslution. Representative Garrett of Tennessee, slated for democratic floor leader, is quoted @s saying that there 1§ no truth in the report that th Gemocrais might combine with the ultra-progressive faction of the repub- licans and take over the organization of the House—the election of Speaker end officers of that body. The demo- crats do mot want the responsibility «f contrelling the organization, it is satd. : In the interest of effective legisla- ton and to make possible the placing of responsibflity for action and non- action, the dominant party should Have the organization. Mr, Garrett intimates, however, that when it comes to combined action on legisla- don—that is another question. The vast bulk of legislation is bi-pertisan. | o mecessity, and in these davas .of varying shades of factional opinion in both parties the temptation to utilize factionul combinations is irresistible last few days there are said ve been outcroppings of a threat- car-revolt among House repub- lieans over the Mellen tax-reduction pian. T latest report is that not less than twenty-five republicans from thé west, and possibly fifty, will seck i open up the DHl for a further slashing of the taxes and for rein- Hatement of the excess profits ‘tax | snd imposition of heavier taxes in the higher brackets of the revenue bill. As the Mellon plan is expected to e presented as an “administration™ measurc, it will be unfortunate if the republicans show serious differences over it. The outcome of the legisla- tion would threaten to be a hodge- modge act in such circumstances, which neither party could take the aredit or be required to shoulder the responsibility. ————— Widening Potomac Drive. ‘When the roadways of Potomac Park were laid out it mus thought they were wide enough Tor any traffic that would use them. Men believed that for a hundred years these broad drives would carry all the family car- riages and horseless carriages of Washington. The park has grown in :tractiveness and popularity, automo- biles have amazingly increased, and siow the park drives are too narrow ior traffic. The gplendid drive around Hains point is being given greater width by fifteen feet, and hundreds of the famous cherry trees arc bLeing ransplanted that traffic shall have more room and that the treds shall Jiot grow so close together. Another thing worth observing is that the East Park golf course has come to be used Ty 80 many players that a new road’is belng built that it may be reached more easily, and that cars to and from the course shall not add to the burden of the main drive. Traffic is setting us many problems. —_——— -For years past no.campaign has Basen’ corisidered .complete in the mat- ter of preliminary demonstration, without mention.of a formidable third siarty. -The announcement'is Some- tlmes regarded as creating apprehen- stops which ultimdtely tend to help discipline. e : ¥ "Discussion is already showing e igndency to put the rumor of en im- pértant tax reduction in the too-good- 1e-bestrue class. 5 The Ruhr workers are tired of a life of enforced leisure with little to talk about except painful peiitics: The Steamboat Inventor.: A _noted Washingtonian speaking before the Washington Study a few .# s ago said that credit for the in- wantlon of the first steamboat should rBve gone.to Wiliam' Thornton, a xmember of the commission for laying out the District of Columbia, and<John . Fitch, his partner. Tt i3 an old ques- tion, and it has been established that Fulton's ”Clermont was not the first cominercial steamboat. There 18 no dipposition to take from Fulton the laprels that are his, and he was the mo “seems. to ‘have put the s it on the map, as the current sayiyE 15" The Clermont was launch- ed on the Hudson and was in opera- tion between New York .and Albany 7 1807, and 2 ‘steamboat of the Ful- ton model, the Phoenix, put to sea in 1808’and traveled between Sandy Hook ond Cape MAy. The contest between partisans of Fitch and Fulton seems to-hmve been decided by a majority véte of- history students in favor of the former, but the controversy be- tween - partisans of John Fitch and James Rumsey is still ‘an open one. The claim is .still maintained the ,umseys operated a steamboat on the lomgc river at Shepherdstown, W. ¥, prior to Fltch's steamboat on the Defaware: A monument. to. Ramsey at Shepherdstowy, about twelve miles «bgve Harpers Ferry, sets:furth that Rumasey was the pioneer. Above and below Shepherdstown the Potomac is a caim and sedate stream, and Shep- herdstown' is an old and dignified town, which .once hoped to be the Capital of the United" Statos, The steamboat of John-Fitch ‘wus making, regular 4ips carrying passep- gers on the Deluware river between Arch street ferry, Philadelphfa, Bus lington, Bristol, Bordentown and Tre: ton in 1790. That is proved by ofd advertisements. The claim. is made that Fitch was operrting & steamboat on the Delaware in 1786 and that his invention was of the date of 1785. These claims appear ,to have been proved. . Jathes Rumsey operatéd ‘a steam-driven’ boat on the Potomac river'in 1787, That has been proved, and thé claim is made.that he was experimenting with the beat, with more or less success, for two or three | vears before that date. A mbde! \if the Rumsey boat and parts of its orig- inal équipment are in the Natiopal Museum, and the descriptive cardsdyas that the boat was “Tested on the Po- tomac River at-Shepherdstown, Va., _j1Tsne Thé Fitch-Fulton controversy broke ; @ut In the House of Representatives {in Februaty, 1915, and The Star of | February 23 contained this: The cialm by the state of Connecticut that John Fitch of Windsor, In that state, was the first man to place & sue- cedstul steamboat n the water was pre- sented on. the floor of the House late vesterday by Representative Lonergan of Connecticut. Mr. Lonergan said that Fitch was operating a steamboat in 1786 and that his invention dated from 1785, which antedated the Clermont of Ful- ton by eighteen vears. The first commercial steamboat to appear on the tidewater part of the i Potomac river was the Washington. |She was of the Clermont type. The iirst reference to her is found in the National Intelligencer in the spring of 1815. She was built at New York .in 1813 for a Washington steamboat stock company, but seems not to bave come to the Potomac till 1815. ————— Allied Demands on Germany. Premier Poincare of France has assented to the more moderate poli- cies of Premler Baldwin of Engiand in dealing with Germany. It matters little his reason. the out- stunding fact being that he has wisely supplanted jingoism of dangerous sort with a moderation designed to per- | petuate the entente, s ximruuzbzuim.'! | working of which is essential if the| continental political bark is piloted to safer waters. 2 ! When the council of ambaseadors { forwarded two-mnotes to -Berlin last night, one regarding the perpetuation of the interallied military contral and | the other in regard to the presence | of former Crown Prince Frederic William in Germany, as the first time in two years that there had been unanimity of action on broader meas- ures. When the conference ended the warmth of fellowship existing bétween the statesmen of France and England indicated that many of the clouds that lhave been hovering over their rela- | { tionships had been dissipated with de- | | termination to shape their respective | { nationallstic polictes, at least for the| { moment, in perpetuation of friendly | | co-operation. % u i The notes themselves are not of striking phraseology oz provocative in character, though determination must be read between the lines. In gne in- stance the allies notify Germany that {the interallied military commission must be continued and that the reich government will he held responsible for the safety of its members. It is significant, however, that it'is stipu- | {lated that commission inspections shall be made where “realizable and necessar; The Berlin government will bave much say in guiding the pathways of the interallied commis- sion over Germany, in view of the present disturbed situation. Though j designed to be a *‘control” commis Iston in fact, without the compiete co-operation of the reich, it will be- come a control commission in nanie. Even London and Parls aiready admit that the Versailleg treaty terms limit- ing the German military forces' to 100,000 will become obsolete unless the German government ..co-operates, as ! there may be tremendous military or- | garization in quarters where military jxnamuunns by the allies are nelther { “realizable or necesmry. | In regard to the German crown | prince, the allies mercly state their Getermination to hold the reich’ re- sponsible for any outbreaks designed to the restoration of the old order.. ' But. even Paris admits that puni- tive ' mieasures, in view of Premier Poincare’s retreat before the British threat of refusal to co-operate’on any of the interallied commissions, are unlikely if the entente is to e pre- served. * Bit the French are not going to modify their national policy of pro-{ tecting France against future incur-| sions of the Germans, and as a conse- quence it may be expected that they will continue to co-ordinate their po- sition in the Rhineland and the Ruhr, there to remain until domestie con. ditfons in Germany, warrant with- arawal or untll Germany places her | right, foot forward, in general fuifill- ‘ment of the treaty of Versailles. 3 —_—— The Italian composer =Puccini is said to have sold’ the “jazz rights” to some of his works for a ldrge sum. Musicians who: object to jazz will re- {gard this as paying a man for par- ticipating in a practical joke on the public. —— In stirring Up. primary fights in numerous states Hiram Johnson Plls upon: the -“favorite sons™. to®get together and prove that they are more than palitical .ornaments. ———————— «: Flying' the Loan “Kite.” Times of stress are times-of- rumor. No matter how fanciful, far-fetched or hazy rumors may be, if they hold hope of corfectives. for’ lite’s trials and tribulations they are seized upon with avidity drid passed on and on with'a fervor stamping them as. tfuth. .In Europe today governments intention- ally @nd repeatedly broadcast ‘“‘semi- offical”. reports In order to stay an- tegonistic tides and sustain their power. What in Europe is known as the game of “kite-flying” was never played to greater ‘éxtent or more ef- ficiently, in so far as appeasing the people, than at the present. . When : S | i l -STAR, -WASHINGTON, D. @;.THURSDAY, .NOVEMBER 22, 1923. public opinion s erystalitzing ngainst & government that governtaent floats 1ts “kite" to distract public attention and give it new.things to think about. ‘When a government stands upon the abyss of overthrow..there emanate strange. rumors or reports.of mgasures | 17 president Coolidge is perturbed by about o be. conswnmated by that gov- | the encircling anxleties of the moment grnment which/will act.s.a panacea —his debut before Congréss and the for objectionable. conditiops... The,flght for nomination—he conceals his l | . BY FREDERIC .| British have used.the ruee repeatedly ’emoflonl masterfully. He fs as calm as to determine public reflexes.to given |éver and as blithe as a man of his i self-preservation subjects. Tha French are past masters | temperament can be. at the art. But it {s the Germans who uow are employing the:*“semi-officlal’ report to further governmrental énds. ‘When a'German governmient is tossed @bout by varfous confifcting political cutrents, when economié conditionsare bearlng down heavily upon ‘the people almost to the point of eausing their revolt, when for any reason it ap- Pears that the government is about to fall, many things are tried: But ap; parently a sunc defeat for the enemy is.bound up in the magic words, ‘an American loan.” “Cuno used it to offect, Stresemann continued. support for himself on at least two critical occaslons by ‘whispering that Interna- yonal barkers: were coming to Ger- many's assistance, the' most notable ‘tase being the last, when a week ago 1t was reported from Berlin that Ger- ‘many was about to recelve 1,400,00 000 gold marks from abroad. Instant- 1y the wave of indignation against the government subslded. Possibly before the Germans have to hope it is @il true the Stresemann government will have weathered, its most critical period. < “While Stresemann may use the re- port to good effect in meeting con- trary domestic tides, no truth can be attached to the report, inasmuch as J. Plerpont Morgan only last: spring voiced the views of international bank- ers that Germany could not be aidefl until there was a settlement of the reparations question and internal con- ditions within Germany grew better. Since that date - they have grown worse. Rather than go to the aid of the Germans, with their financial, eco- nomic and social conditions in com- plete stats of chaos, international bankers are playing “‘thumbs down.” But the German people evidently do not know this. And Stresemann must chuckle as he resort to the apparent- ¥ never-to-be-worn-out palliative of social 1lls, —————— When a bootlegger is accused of evading his taxes all presumption is naturally against him. A sense of operates to prevent im from teliing the government all about how he got his mon —_——— The only German war spy in Amer- fea hus been released and returned to his country. He will miss the guiet lite in Leavenworth. ———— Senator Brookhart of Towa speaks cheeringiy of overalls in the Senate. It this overall fad develops soclally the business of renting dress sults is likely to suffer to an extent demand- ing legislative relief. —_——— A man assuming to be a dictator in Eurcpe is invarfably embarrassed by | somebody standing arouhd and Eiving him orders. 3 —— Several statesmen are in favor of reminding European debtors of fiman- cial obligations to the U, 8. A., even #f it should suggest the necessity of great economy in starting any future Wi ———— The Oklahoma legislature has given Gov. Walton so bad a reputation that the reflection on the judgment of the voters becomes rather sérious. ———— Electric lighting is to -be put into mb of King Tut. This is one luxury that the oid Egyptian mon- arch, with ali his magnificence, could not.command. ————— When brigands attack an Italian mission the ineident is likely to prove more profitable to the Italian govern- ment than to the brigands. ————— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Playing the Game. A little game of poker Down tn Crimdon Gulch they play. Sometimes they use thé joker 'To make action swift and gay. They oft disguise ‘thelr feelings As they bluff with great delight, Biit they brook no crooked stealings :And they weldom start a fight. Npw a diplomatic meeting _1s like poker, More of less, Smiles are ingincere and fleeting: Everybody has to guess. p But you want to play it neatly, Keeping all the rules in_sight. The game has failed completely 1t it'winds up in e fight. Preparing. for Action. +*'That - rather- clegant citizen says he bas thrown' his-hat in the ring.” “HéN7 have to g6 farther: than that,”". remarked 'Sefator Sorghum, ‘and throw his kid gloves and cane into the ash barrel” Jud Tunkins says electing a man to office usually results either in making him' unduly pfoud .or in. taking the concelt out of him entirely.. Gone' Forever. = Though Hohenzollerns hit the. track | And reach the throne some day, They never, never Will, get’ back Their “lacy majestay.* Agricultural Discussion. > ““Why don't youd ‘go into politics?”* ““Y,em goin," answered Farmd Corntossel., 'The more you farm nowadiys the deeper you are in’ pol- " Discernments. = She .. married him " because’ he ‘brought such a beautiful engagement “#(Yes,” commented Miss Cayenne; “so_many. girls are better judges of diamonds: than they are of men."” “Bout all: de ‘benefit some.men gits out'n ‘readin’ de Good Book,” ‘Baid Unecle- Eben, *!is bein’ Kep” 01t o* mis- chief as long ea dey keeps readin,™ i The trials and tribplations of a political contest are no novelty to Northampton's silent son. Although it is Calvin Coolidge's glory that he bas never been defeated for affice, none of the many he has filled, unless one excepts the presidency, ever came to him by default.. Johnson and the rest will find Mr. Coolidge no tyro at the game. He has “come up from hehind,” beginning with ward politics. His friends assert there Is no card that can be played whicH will find Coolidge unready to take the trick. ¥ * % ko Coolidge inherited “Hirding policle: but not Harding animosities. That ex- plains why within the past few days the President has entertained at the White House two Ohlo republican leaders who boycotted Washington during the Harding regime. One {s Willlam Cooper Procter, Clncinnati soap magnate and “angel” of the Leonard Wood campaign In 1820; the other “Bob” Wolfe, mil- lionaire ‘Columbus™ newspaper owner. Mr. Coolidge's overtures to Messrs. Procter and Wolfe are frankly for the purpose of closing up factional ranks in Ohlo republicanism. Mr. Wolfe for years has been Aftorney = General Daugherty’s arch political foe. It was the Wolfe influence that mainly was respousible for Daugherty's defeat for election as a delegate-ai-large to the republican national convention which nominated Harding. Although Daugh- erty is a member of the Coolidge ministration .od advocates the Presi- dent’s no -on in 1924, there is no reason o s ycct that Wolfe, who is a power, will on that account oppose the Coolidge ambitions. * ¥ ¥ % Secretary Mellon's tax program is to be broadcast by radio from Washingtog next Monday evening for the benefit of the farmers who “listen in." A re- cent Department of Agriculture census determined that 140,000 American farms are equipped with radio recciving ap- paratus. What the Melion proposals mean for the farmers is to be explained over the wave lengths by kdwin B. Reid, who is Gray Silver's chief of staff at the Washington headquarters of the American Farm Bureau Federation. The radio 15 doing almost as much as the automobile to end the ancient lso- lation of the farmer. With its aid und comfort he is beginning to feel himself at an advantage littie excelled by the | i:uya of urban life. * x December 17, 1923, will mark the twentieth anniversary of the first air- plane flight In the world—Orville * BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. Among those arriving in New York tomorrow on hoard the Berengaria is the Baroness Reter Wrangel, daugh- ter of one of the former big land of Inanenko, and the wife and de voted and resourceful, comrade of Gen. Baron Peter Wrangel, the com- mander of the, so-calied White army. of Russia, which o born resistance against the bolshe- viki as long as it could still obtain ammunition and military supplies from England, France and from the other entente powers. It was finelly compelled to abandon the struggle when these forelgn governments de- cided to abstain from any further in- terference in the internal affairs of what had been the land of the czars, and then Gen. Wrangel withdrew his troops and their belongings, first to Constantinople, then held by ‘the allies, and Immediately- set to work to provide for their immediate wel- fare and for their future. Some were taken charge of by the English gov- ernment in Egypt, others by th rulers and governments: of Serbia and Rumania, others again by the Polish government, still “others by France, for use as foldier colonists in Morocco and Algeria. The most remarkable thing ‘was the personal attachment of this so- called White army to Gen. Wrangel and his own contynuous and unremit- ting solicitude in behalf of their ma- terlal welfare. Tndeed, there is no doubt that, If he wére once more to raise his flag to champion the cause of law and order, of religion and of civilization on western lines in Rus- {sia, his men would flock to him from all parts of the world. Gen. Peter Wrangel, ‘upon whom King George bestowed the nnight commandership of the Order of St. Michael and @ George, is a very re- markable man, into whose life of forty-four _vears ' much has been crowded. Born at Petrograd, as the elder son of an impovcrished Baltic baron of Swedish' descent, he was brought up in a different manner from that of the average Russian nobleman. His father, the late Baron Nicolal Wrangel, who had entered the International Bank of Petrograd, 4nd became one of its principal offi- clals, caused Peter to be trained as a mining engineer with a view to the exploitation and development of the bank's mining properties in Siberia. He was graduated..in due course, from- the Imperial Academy. of Engi- .ineers at Petrograd, then served as a | private in the ‘crack corps of the Chevaliers Gardes of the empress and on the outbreak of the. war with Japan, in 1904, volunteared for ac- tive service in Manchuria, and “sex cured his transfer, with the rank of non-commissioned ' officer, to the Transbaikal Cossack regiment, and so distinguished himself that he was promoted, first of all, to the rank of lléutenant, and then to that of cap- tain, on the battlefield. Returning to Petrograd on the restoration of peace, he joined his old regiment, the Chey- alier Gardes, as captain, and there- upon married. ¥ * x x ¥ The_outbreak of the ‘great war fourd him a senlor captain of his cavalty regiment. In the first en- counter of any importance between the Russian and German “troops his régiment was decimated and the day was all but lost, when Capt. Wran- gel, at the head of his small squad- ron of cavalry and in defiance of the orders which he had recelved to re- tife,, .charged and routed a battery of the enemy, Capturigg.the first two German guns taken by the Russlans during the war. For this daring ex- ploit he was promoted to-the rank of colonel; recelved the St. George's cross and wa Gagap’to the late ¢zar. In 1915 he was Dt a ith tho" command _of his o1d Cossack regiment. with which he Pad -won his spurs in the war with JaR8n. evolution found him on the Aviciam. front. in command of an entire division of who were ey devoted to him.and ready 1o Bl for him. He was among the first Ho Fo 2 Gen, Kalledin, -oie ' of 'tha e CRussian commanders, grho D abored, . through the dictator. Kerensky, to keep Russ! tho ent, e rtor Kot f tho entent er Ker- Gl g d- | the owners of the Ukraine, of the name | red euch a stub- | ‘was appbinted aide-de- WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS WILLIAM WILE Wright's immortal hop at Kitty Hawk, N. C., in 1903. The aviation world will take due note of a date forever glorious in its annals. Wright made four flights. The first lasted uvglva seconds; the last. which was the most successful, lasted fifty-nine scconds and Covered a distance of 852 feet. 'The recorded speed was at the rate of thirty-four miles an hour in a twenty-four-mile wind.” The other day lLieut. Brow, U 3 N flew one lap areund Mitchel Field at the rate of 277 miles an hour. and in May, 1923, Lieuts. Macready and Kelly, U. 8. A., hopped across the American continent in & non-stop lfll:hl of 26 hours 50 minutes and 38 2-5 lzwmnda. H * ok ok ok Senator Magnus Johnson of Minne- eota, talking to a distingulshed mem- ber of the administration in_ the north- west not long ago, tersely ecpitomized tarmer-labor - political philosophy thusly: “At present the manufacturer has his hands in the retafler's pocket; the retafler has his hands-in the con- sumer's_pocket, and the consumer has his hands in the farmer's pocket. Now, what the farmer wants is to get his hands n the manufacturer’s pocket and then ederything’ll be all right.. Perhaps this_doctrine gives, a clue to Magnus Vox's mysterious blan for. alleviating economie distress in Europe. * k x % Secretary Wallace has brought joy to the vegetarian gourmet's heart by in- troducing a new southern vegetable known as the chayote. It's a mative of tropical America and produced by a climbing vine with perennial roots. The other day the Department of Agricul- ture sent Dr. Rowe, director general of the Pan-American Union, a cargo of chayote, which was distributed among Central American _diplomats in Washington. - Thelr_grateful acknowl- ecdgments convince Dr. Rowe that the vegetable was received iff the spirit of Imanna from Heaven, and the statesmen | whose palates were tickled promise to become chayote propagandists. They have long been familiar with the vege- table in Central America and pronounce the Wallace specimens, grown in Flor- ida, to be magnificent. Chayote In Mexico and Ni ua goes by that name, but in Guatemala and Salvador its name is wisquiles, and in Honduras patastes. % L None of the outstanding aspirants for the presidency—elther republican or |m~mnomxu-—h likely to lack substan- sinews of war. As In Willilam Howard Taft's ca enator Underwood possesses a brother, William T. Under- wood, millionaire ironmaster of Bir- imingham, who {5 understood to be ready to do the noble to hoost the family's most famous member into the Iseat “of the mighty. Senator ‘Jim" Watson has a fond and plutocratic ‘hrovher. too, who made his pile in Okla- homa o1l and now stands ready to in- vest it in family pride. (Copyright 1923.) Noted White Russian Army Leader’s Wife Comes to U. S. be barbarously butcher. | bolsheviki, Wrangel joinec { ikin, the original leader o |army movement. to French and British troops wer | tached. “Wranwgel suel and showed himself more apable sold. clever administrator. Ioreaver, while intaining {ron discipline Among his troops, he appealed to thelr sense of democracy and to that -of the Deasantry, ridding his army of all ultrareactionary and dishonest éle- ments. Indeed, the English and French officers who served with him, alike under Gen. Denikin and after- ward under his own supreme com- mand, cannot speak highly enough of his qualitics as a born leader of men, who, in view of his relative youth and of the universal respect that he hag won, both at home and abroad, isregarded as eertain to play an im- portant role in the future of Russia. It is said that the object of the visit of ness Wrangel is to dis- cuss American friends the means of propaganda in the United States, to which the soviet government at Mos- cow is devoting so much money and activity iso to ascertain what would be of making in America for some and men of her hus- army, which lke himself, have the training and experience of mining engineers She has three pretty chil- dron. most of whose ecarly lifs, like that of their clever and interesting mother, was spent at the headguar- ters of their giant father's White army when he was fighting the bol- shevists In southern Russfa. Gen, he White c| both at- eded Denikin y u much calso a h & future how of the officer. band¥ White many W i Compliments Drinkwater J. C. Knott Says He Has Caught Spirit of Robert E. Lee. o the Editor of The Star: The adverse criticism of Drink- water's “Robert E. Lee” which vour unday issue contains draws from me’ this word: Having known Lee from John Ester Cooke, Col. John S. Mosby, my own uncle, who was Lee's dence at Washington and Lee Uni- | versity as a student, where professors and old students spoke contimually ‘ot ‘Gen. Lee's characteristics and ¥en- timents, I feel that I am in position to give an opinlon on how far Drink- water has caught the spirit of the southern chieftain. Barring the introducing of Lee at the commencement of the civil war as a nan with full gray beard and white hair,’ the minor matters that might be noted as objections pale be- fore the outstanding fact that the play has glven us the real Lee as he has never been Trepresented before. 1 could but wonder how it was possi- ble for a man who was obliged to get his information second-hand could, with so much sympathy and jus- tice, catch the essential points of Gen. Lee's character, and so well sup- port him by the fine representations of Stuart and Jackson. The admirers of Jefferson Davis will resent the rather weak and.yet autocratic char- acter who sits at the head of the gov- ernment at Richmond. But it is no secret- that as Lincoln was the tower- ing figure on the Union side of the controversy,- Robert E. Lee was the man, of pre-eminence on the Confed- erate side. To be true to history, Drinkwater was obliged to make Da- vis appear weakheside Lee. I-go further,in my statemeht and say: While the representation of Lin- coln was more dramatic, and had a more teldng cldse, where Lee offered his sword to Grant; stiil, the “Robert K. Lee” of Drinkwater was far more pathetic.and sympathetic, and prob- ably produced a more definite im- ession. I have marveled that mo lew have seen that the “Lincoln”™ of Drinkwater i8 largely an'idéal. He is represented in his early years as very prayerful, .which he was not, and never was, for that matter. He struts and . pompously = moralizes, which was untrue to fact. Lincoln’s wisdom was of the most spontaneous character. Mrs. Lincoln is made to be a perfect prig, sniffing about the room to catch the odor of tobacco. ‘Lincola is not the slow-talking,. un- gainly man in the beginning of the pf-y which he really was, but quick in movements and almost sophomoris in his, deliverances. Between the two lays, 1 give my judgment that inkwater’s “'Lee” is even superior, in point.of catching-the spirit of the men, to the much-lauded “Lincoln.” E J. 0. KNOTT: l combating the bolshevist | includes | courier, and from a three-year resi- | “The North Window BY LEILA MECHLIN Fame is unquestionably an clusive thing, and the great must often find themselves in strange company. - These thoughts are Introduced by a para- Eraph in an article entitled “A Note on Eriglish and American Art,” by one John Blomshield, presumably a Brit- isher, * published in the November number of the Landmark, the offl- clal organ of the English-Speaking Unlon, the purpose of which is ‘to bring about closer and more triendly relations between the people of Great Britaln and the citizens of the United States., The paragraph reads as fol- lows: “John Singer Sargent Is another cosmopolitan born of American par- ents. Both England and America clalm him, but if this 15 a debt Eng- land owes America she has amply repald it through Mr. Charles Chap- lin—a greater artist in another flald. Note that Sargent is referred to with- out. prefix, and that Charles Chapiin has & “Mr” befors his name. But what a strange comparison; what an ill-assorted pair! Sargent, the great portrait painter of our time, whose works dare comparison with the best that Tiave been produced,and whose fame will long live after we are gonme, who has, through his art, added material beauty to the world; Charles Chaplin, the buffoon, who has aped the vulgar and made vulgarity popular; an artist—ves, in s own way. and inasmuch as he has brought laughter into th world, de- serving of commendation: but cer- talnly not a greater artist, even in his own chosen field. * % % o Tt was not necessary for Mr. Rlom- skield to have dragged in Charles Chaplin in order to prove that-Amer- fea owes a debt to England in the matter of art. American painting was founded on English tradition, John Wallaston, one of the earliest paint- ers in America, was an Englishman, who visited the colonies hetween 1754 and 1767. Smibert, who painted por- traits in New England in the early half of the cighteenth century. and excellent portraits, too, was born in Edinburgh in 1864 and brought to | the former born in 1705. and the Jat- ter in 1710, in New England, were British subjects. Copley, West and Stuart, the greatest of the early American portrait painters, were all of British parentage, and the first two never became citizens of the United States, living in London the latter part of their lives, In 1763 Benjamin West. a Quaker of Philadelphia, then but twenty-five years of age. settled in Tondon and established himgelf as a painter of portraits and hiStorical subjects. Al krow the story of how hospitably West was received: how the king be- came his roval patron and made him court historical painter and | the death o Revnoids, succeeded to the presidency of the Royal Academy, which position “he Leld, with the exception of a few months, until 1815, * ¥ ¥ ¥ But all do not realize the influence that this residente of West in fiondon had upon the development of painting n Anterica. To the young ambitious painters of the coionfes and later of the United States his door was always open. Glibert Stuart, Charles Willson Peale, John Trumbuil, Robert Fulton, Maibone, Aliston, Morse, Vanderlyn, Rembrandt ‘Peale, Charles King, Sam- uel Waldo and Themas Sully all stud- fed with West and passed a number of years in London. The Peales re- turned to print in Philadelphia, Mal- bone and Aliston went back to South Carolina: Waldo and Sully were in New York: Ttumbull and Stuart were much .in New England, as was also Ralph Earle. | 1 { * % % .Q < And those .were the d . it will be remembered, of the great =chool of English portrait painting—:t days of Reynolds and Galnsborough and Hoppner and Raeburn and their other brilliant confreres. Joseph Wright, who was taken to London in 1771 by his mother in order that he might study art, became a pu- pil not only of Benjamin West but also of John Hoppner, who later mar- ried Wright's sister. Later on, that fs. in 1823, London made welcome a huge backwoods- man from America named Chester Harding, who had learned to paint as a trade, doing coaches apd signs, traveling from place to place. He | had “almost no “schooling, but teal gening, and, what is mo a it Store of common sense. He remai for three years in London and oprofit- ed much by the association. One of the best of his portraits is that of John Randolph of Roanoke, which is here in the Corcoran Gallery of Art. He was an sble painter. There is a_story to the effect that the great French painter. David, atked Rembrandt Peale, to whom he | was sitting for his portrait. why the | best English painters were all Amer- ican. (:i Shannon were both painting in London & while ago this same remark might have been made with equal reason. Alfred Noyes once said that the greatest bond of union between the English-speaking people was the Bard of Avon, Certainly another close bond Is found in the fleld of jportralt painting. i e * o ox % In this conmnectfon, recalling the early history of portrait painting in ! tnis country, it is interesting to note that, according to records, Gilbert Stuart's success in London was evi- denced by the fact tHat in two years the price of his portraits increased from 5 to 30 guineas, approximately $25 to $150. They now bring many thou- sands: in fact. the purchase price of his portralt of Washington, bonght by the late H. C.'Frick, was $75,000. S. F. B. Morse is said to have found small demand for his painting:s when he first returned to the United State: and went from eity to city trying t find patrons, at $15 a head. He was most successful in Charleston, where he painted ffty-three portralts fn five months—and many of them were excellent works. I Chester: Harding’s grandfather was outraged gt the amount that he was charging . for his paintings. and, ac- cording to the artist's biographers, remonstrated with him as follows: “Chester, 1 want to speak to you about yo esent mode . think {t “{s v:ery 1little better than swindling to charge $i0 for one of those efigies. ~Now I want You to give up this course of ltving and set- tie down on a farm and become a re- spectable man.” B * kR In conneotion with art in the mov- fes it is interesting to know that ac- cording to reports Mary Pickford has lately become & collector,; acquiring a number of works by the old masters 4t a very consideradle prlec.b Also, mews has recently been re- celv-‘: that two paintings by Sargent. ome a_portrait o ary, Wife of Hugh Hammersley,” the other a por; trait of “Mme. Paul Escudier, Pari recently shown in the Carnegie Ii stitute’s international exhibition, have “Pecn suld to private collectors in Pittsbyrgh _for a sum exceeding the new country when but a lad. ! Robert Feke and Jonathan Blackburn, | ‘When Sargent and the late C.{ ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN Q. How many motlori plcture com- panies arc there In Los Angeles?— R J. 7 A.. The chamber of commerce of that city says that it has 250 produc- ing companies and 58 studios. There are 29 theaters and 90 motion picture houses in Los Angeles, Q. Ts there & rallroad trestle from Elorida to Havana—>M. H. A. The railroad over the Florida keys does not extend to Cuba. It runs from the mainland to the city of Key West, being carried across the keys and channels for a distance of 100 miles by means of embankments and viaduefs. Q. Why doesn't a straight count in stud poker’—F. R. A In stud poker the rules for straight poker are used—not those of draw poker. In straight poker, In which hands are not helped, such combinations straight flushes are not recognized, four aces making the best hand. flush Q. What docs “glimpses o moon” mean?—F. L. A. Edith Wharton ued this title for a Book and Oscar Wikde employed it in “De Profundis,” but it can be} traced to that maker of apt meta- phors and similes, Shakespeare. He used it in “Hamlet” Murray defines the phrase as “a momentary shining, a flash.” and as used in Hamlet “thé earth by night.” the Q. Ts it true that every nine years there Is & rabbit famine?—M. C. A. The biological survev says that the statement that there is a scarcity of rabbits every nine years is more or less true. Rabbits hecome very numerous and periodically die off, aithough this docs noL occur Tegu- Jarly every nine years. It is thought that this is caused by sonie disease spreading among the rabbits. | Q. Which language Is more widely spoken in South America—Spanish or Portuguese?—M. D. C. A. Spanish is spoken in all South American countries except Brazil, so it may be said to be more wid spoken than Portuguese, the tongu of the Brazilians. Brazil, however, has & population equal to that of the rest of the continent and Portuguese is spoken by as many South Ameri- cans as Spanish {s. Q. How can I get some information {about the world fair to be held in Philadeiphla?—I1. F. S. A. The secretary i1s Edward Rob- ibins and his headquarters is in the Bellevue-Stratford. For any details coacerning this fair you should write the above address. Mayor Moore is the head of the sesqui-centennial ex ecutive committee. ; Q. What part of the food tha farmers consume do they raise’—F. A. F. A. A_survey reveals the fact that | mbout 70 per cent of thelr food is raised by farmers or_exchanged lo- | cally. The_rest is brought in by railroad. Poesibly another 10 per ' cent could be produced economically at home. Q. What country shadeless land?—N. A A. Australia has been so called. | The leaves of romae of the trees thers are so arranged as always to present their edges to the sky, Others have | = known as the All of the bitterness which marked the original fight over the lesgue of nations has been revived through the Armistice day address of former President Woodrow Wilson. Editors | discuss his statements w extreme | heat and from the viewpoint of their | own beliets | It was because ho “remlized the| power” that this country exerted that | Le spoke as he did, the Portland Journal (independent) suggests, and “knowing what was once possible | and seeing what has_come to pass; Beeing France on a career of militar- ism and Italy fiying the flag of des potlsm, it was but human that Mr. Wilson, In his firat .address to bis countrymen since he fell as & c ualty, should hold that. through cowardice, we lost the fruits of vic tory.” This is | also the opinfon of the Milwaukee Journal (independent), which- argues “the frightful bogles that were erected to defeat our par- ticlpation for the protection of the world are most of them ridiculous today. But the frightful _conse- quences of our great denial are more vivid every day.” It naturally was to be expacted that the former Presi- dent would talk plainly, the Albany Knickerbocker ~Press ~ (independent republican) holds, because, “in the sad evening of his lifetime, with health shattered, he views ‘his life work, at one time of such promise to humanity, n a state of wreck just when it _might have been in full fruition. Nevertheless, his words ma: not be deemed &s expressing resen ment, not even his own disappoint- ment; instead, they should be con- sidered as a recall to the highest ideals of disinterested service, and the constant maintenance of exalted standards of consclence and right.” Some may regret the tone of the address, the Baltimore Sun (inde- pendent democratic) points out, b cause “to be called ignoble, cowardiy and dishonorable Is not pleasing to national conceit and is not calculated to .make converts in the opposing| camp. These words might well have Leen omitted as a matter of expedi- ency, and the ordinary polltician or public man would have omitted them. But that i not Woodrow Wilson's iway, and where his heart is eniisted he can do no other than speak the truth as he sees it in flaming words.” *® ¥ k¥ Indorsing the statements of the former President, the Fort Worth Star-Telegram (democratic) feels “it is even more important now than three vears ago that the welght of this nation be thrown quickly and conclusively on the side of right and Itberty. We must uphold right and oppose . wron The address im- presses the Toronto Star as a “cour- ageous utterance by u great Amer- fcan. Party polities placed the United States in her present humili- ating position and party politics must restore her to her rightful place as an_ honorable, self-respect- Ing and powerful member of world soclety.” The Lincoln Star fnsists “Woodrow ‘Wilson spoke the .truth when he said America’s conduct had been ‘decply ignoble. cowardly and dishonorable’ since the world war. Certainly it has not been In keeping with the magnificent traditions o("the great- | est republic in the world." The Bos- | ton Transcript (independent repub- | lican), however, takes sharp issue | with the address, inasmuch as | conrse .of action might have been | outlined and some -practical plan | could have been proposcd. Instead, | what happened? A few old phrases,| & bit of feeble abuse, not one ¢ structive word, and All_w“ ov The voice had spoken.” But the Columbue Ohio State Journal (inde- ! pendent) suggests “his concrete pro- gram may have been unwise and may | be unwise now. But his ldealism ts noble and should challenge the better | natures of those who_ disagree with m. M i address was unfortunate the Nashville Banner (independent) ins sists: “it was a vain argument in behaif of a discurded lssue. 1ts con- struction_was bad, not at.all. Wil+ sonian., My Wilson will again fail ’ | | esteemed & man as follage composed of mere mneecdles and others dispense with lcaves allo- gother. Q. What 14 the wood best adapted for shipbuilding?—F, T. A. Teak has long been know the best shipbuilding timber in world. Q. What is an insurance?—E. V. R. *A. An open policy is one in which the value of the object insured has not been fixed, but has been left to ha determined in case of 1068, or becausa it hus been left open to permit of ¢ addition of other things whenever casfon demands. the ppen _ polic: in Q. When was the Interfor Depar: ment established?—E. I. L. A. The Department of tho Tnteris was established by an act of Coi gress of March 3, 1545, Q. What was the worst flood in t history of the worid) so far a5 1085 ¢ life was concerned?—A. B. A. Accurate flood statistics are not available, but the greatest disaster of which there is authentic record was the overflowing of the Hoanvho, Chins 887, in which the loss of iife was cx- timated at from 1,500,000 to 7,000.000. Q. meiting iron ore?—s. A. Coke was sybstituted for coal fn melting fron in 1750 in Engiand by Abraham Darby. Q. When a couple leaver the street car should the woman go first?—J. P. A. The man should preceds tiis woman to assist her down the car steps. When was tok‘i first used > m ponular W V. A. Basket ball is being introduced into a number of the countries of Latin America, while peiota, a sort of hand ball game, is also very popula: Chess is one of the great indoor tional games, while card plaving Is popular with all classes of the people Q. What is the difference betwoen gutta percha and other rubber?—S. C. A. Gutta percha Is not a rubber, for it is plastic rather than elastic. Q. orchestra established in America?—T. W. A. Bethlehem, Pa, is the most re« markable town musically in the United States. The gcttlement had an orchestra as early as The! modern musical festival 1s often rs ferred to as the American music Oberammergau or the American Bey- reuth. Q. How many kinds of birds are thers in our own United States?—M E. R A There arc §00 distinct kinds of birds in this coun Q. Has an Ohloan ever been Speaker of the national House of Represcnta- tives?—J. L. G. A. Gen. J. Warren Keifer, republi- peaker of the Ho enth Congrese, 188, (Take advantege.of tha free in- formation Uurcaw which this newe- paper maintains. If thers i o ques- ton you want answered, dow't hes tate o usc this service. Al repis are sent dircct to the inquirar. Ad- dress_Frederic J. Hoskin directo The Star Information Burcaw, 1 North Capitol street. Inclose 2 cen in stamps for return postage.) Wilson Armistice Day Speech i~ Stirs Hot Editorial Comment to bring the American people to the support of the league of nation¥ They cannot be ded againat their bettor judgment even by so high e former Pre dent.” That is also the opinion the * Philadeiphin North America (independent), which _insists I “words were unwisc. It makes painful impreseion to have him veal that time and meditation hav not made his judgment more gen erous nor softened the acerh! that express an embittered mind * % The Philadelphia Bulletin pendent republican) insixts that th address. “marred Armistice day Amerlcan* pecple stand read: their part in_world restoration, they are not in a mood te be whi into & course from wkich, by & decisive vote. they once have turned The New York Evening World (ind pendent) feels “not all the selfishn: in the world is in Europe and Wi to do [Yow Wilson is the man of all talk to the peop! He 1 e this anni 0 of what th to talk straight of the United S of all men, o remind Americar too easily persuaded to forgei “Mr. Wilson has spoken petulant and harshly of the Amerlcan peoy who twico honored him with elect as President of the United. Stut he 8t. Paul Dispatch (indeprnde inststs. ‘The voice from S stres the voice of a man who cannot ada himself to the will of the majority in a representative government; who will play no part In leading the world to the proper mingling of ideallsm and common sensc which will go to make up angthing new in international relations that will pre- vent future wars. We are sorry it s so! natural laws which made all things what they are made Woodrow Wilson. of the stern stuff that will break but never bend.” The Memphis News-Scimitar ( pendent democratic) “yoices its ‘re grets that Mr. Wilson was impelied to give utterance to such caustio comment, because of the f{uevitabl: effect his worde will have ahroad. His interpretation will have its in- fluence in Europe and may disturh faith In our earneet desire to rendsc a helpful service without surrender- ing a traditional policy of aloofnees from entangling alliance: , Getting Movie Sets Far From Real Scenes To the Editur of Tha Star: In the motlon pioture entitled “The Hunchback of Notre Dame” there is shown an exterfor view of Notre Dame Cathedral that 1ooks as if pho- tographed in Paris. As ® matter of fact, the scenc was photographed near Los Angeles, where the writer learned some of the methods of mo- tion picture making. An exact rep- lica in size and shape was made of the lower fourth of the Notre Dame hedral. ’ Ca’l“lhedp ople and moving objects wers photographed next to this full-sized replica, but the upper part of thw building, where there was no motion, was photographed separately on tho same film from a very much reduced mialature of the upper three-fourths of the building close up to the cani- era to make It appear largé cnough. This produced a practically perfect filuslon. Sometimes the same effect is pro- duced by what is called glass work This is « plcture made from a paint ing on glass to represent a high coli- ing of an interior scene or the upper ortior of the exterior of a very high uilding. This saves m& expense of building very high sets as in gome of the scenes of “Robin Hood." veral of the scenes in “The Prisoffer of Zenda" were glass work. Motion plctures, however, ars not perfect. ‘The directors make some errors and anachronisms that arc in- excusable. In every historical or pe- riod picture from the timo of Adam land Eve to the BEuropean war all of | the actfesses are shown with fig wigs coming down over thelr ears and co: ering mugh of forchead and face, &l- though this style (by the war-time fluppers carried to extreme) has seldom been” ueed in the_historical past. THOMAS W. GILMER