Evening Star Newspaper, September 8, 1923, Page 6

THE EVENING SY1AR, With Sunday Morning Edition. T WASHINGTOR, D. C. BATURDAY. . .September 8, 1923 THEODORE W. NOYES. Editer The Evening Star Newspaper Company Office, 11th St. and Pennsylvama Ave, W York Office: 110 East 42nd St. %o Office: Tower Bullding. 16 Regent St.. London, Eogland. ¥ only, 45 cents per only, per month. ders may be sent by mail, or telephone Main Collection i3 made by carriers at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance, Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday Daily only. tunday only. All Qther States, Daily and Sunday..1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo.. 83¢ Daily only. Y 83 mo., 60c &enday only. Lyr., $3.00; 1 mo., 25¢ Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press iy exclusively entitied to the use for republicalion af all mews dis- » patches credited to it or not otherwise credited o this paper anc also the local news pub- Ushed herein. ~All rights of publica of tches Lerein are also reserved. The Coal Settlement. Gov. Pinchot's efforts to bring to- gether the disputing sides in the an- thracite production combination of operators and miners have been crowned with success within a week from the beginning of the strike. Al- though the strike is not yet called off, and it may be ten days before mining is resumed, there is a definite prospect that a complete agreement will he ef- fected at once upon all the details of the year's contract, and the district units of the anthracite field will send their delegates to a conventjon which will accept the compromise. Thus it is likely that within three weeks from the time the picks were laid down in the mines the production of coal will have been resumed. The first thought of the public re- lates to the cost of this settlement in terms of coal prices. The total addi- tion to the wages, it is figured, will be about $32,000,000 a year. This, it is estimated, will mean an increase of about 75 cents a ton to the consumer. The operators have stated that if the original demands of the miners had been granted the cost would have been $800,000,000, involving, naturally, a very much heavier addition to the re- tail cost. It is inevitable that any addition to the mining cost, through increased wages. should be reflected in the mar- ket price. But Gov. Pinchot has stated that he will endeavor to prevent any undue multiplication of this added mining cost in the course of the “spread” from mine to furnace. Just bow he will accomplish this remains to be seen. If he succeeds he will have won a double victory, for which hg ‘will be heartily thanked by the people of the hard-coal-using region. Now that the agreement has been reached the thought immediately oc- curs that it might just as well have been accomplished in time to prevent any suspension of mining. Obstinacy on each side, the endeavor of both par- ties to gain a position of advantage, the carrying of the bluff too far—the usual tale of labor negotiations with the public as the chief sufferer. Just what has been gained by either side by the delay and the consequent in- terruption of work is not known. If the men remain idle for twenty working days in all they will have lost, save for strike benefits, a ma- terial part of the increase they gain from the settlement. For example, at the rate of §5 a day present pay, with 815 working days in the year, the year's wage at that rate would be $1 A 10 per cent increase means $157.50. Idleness for twenty days at the old rate costs $100, or at the new rate $110. Thus this three-week strike costs each $5 worker within $57.50 of what he gets out of the settlement, computing his lost time on the old Rate, and within $47.50 of what he gets on the new rate. If the net gain, over and above the cost of idleness for twenty days, is divided by the remain- ing working days of the contract year 31t Will be found that the final result of the strike is but a small one. It would have been greatly to the advan- tage of the miners if their representa- 'tives at the conference had permitted * them to remain at work pending set- ; tlement, with an agreement to apply ‘the new rate retroactively from the be- ginning of the contract year, when- ever it might be settled. This is but one more illustration of ghe bad economy of the strike method 't settling labor questions. ———— The extravagant circulation of paper #marks creates an impression that Ger, many in studying economies ought to consider the conservation of white paper. ———— 1t is Turkey's privilege to be an at- tentive listener with no implied re- #ponsibility when a neighboring mas- ®acre situation is discussed. Physical Tests for Publi¢ Servants. Entrants to the classified civil serv- ice of the United States are now sub- Ject to physical examination as well \ @s to educational tests, and such ex- aminations, conforming to g plan of the Civil Service Commission based on an execytive order promulgated by President Harding two days before he left Washington far Alaska, are now being held at variua places in the country. The executiva order and plan of the Civil Service Commission do not apply to employes already in the classified service, but under the present’ regulations any persen who has been certified by the commission for appointment to a vacancy must undergo physical examination at e marine hospital or a station of the "United States public health service be- fore qualifying for appointment in the elassified service. It is believed that the new syatem will work to the benefit of the govern- ment and to advantage of applicants .for place, in that the examination will @cquaint them with any defects they may have, and will prevent them as- suming duties which they are net able to perform. It is not to be understaod “that the Civil S8ervice Commission has " heretofore certified persons to appoint- ment under the government without fnquiry as to their health. Each appli- | certificate from a physician. Two of 1 the departments, the War and Navy, | have required physical examination of civilian applicants for positions. There is a tendency to extend phy: sical examinations witl & view to com- {bating disease and carrecting defecta or conditions that may be suceesstully treated, The suggestion that publie school children be physically examined Is spreading from state to state, and corporations are requiring employes and prospective employes to pass such an examination. Physical examination Is obnoxious to many persons, A great many fear such an examination, be- cause they belleve the medical exam: final. Examiners make mistakes. They may diagnose as serious some serious, and they may overlook a dis- ease or conditlan which is serious. But is a good thing for the subject in that if anything is wrong he may begin his fight against it. e ————e The Great Sidestep. Mussolini wins. That is the briefest Dossible statement of the verdict ren- dpred in the latest European crisis, which has put the league of nations to the test of efficiency and prestige. | Whether the league actuallyloses de- pends upon the paint of view. Greece quite naturally loses. The council of ambassadors has “saved its face” by adopting a “settlement” which is vir- tually a precondemnation of Greece without inquiry, but with the show of an international procedure. It is douhtful whether an issue of respongibility was ever before deter- mined upon aych remarkable terms. According to the note sent forth by the council of ambassadory Greece must immediately acknowledge virtual gullt, pay the fullest honers to the aggrieved power, put @ big sum of money in trust, pending fingl deter- mination of the amount ta be paid, and “insure all possible speed in the arrest and exemplary punishment” of the assassins. But this precedure is to be under internatianal direction, with Japan, France, Great Britain and Italy represented on a commission of inquiry and prosecution. In other words, according to the am- | bassadors, Greece is held guilty with- out a trial. She must pay the fullest honors to Italy and to the bodies of the slain officers, must express formal regret through her highest military authority to the three allied powers at Athens, must pay a big sum in repara- tion and must, under the eyes of a court of which her accuger will be a member, proceed to find and punish the offenders. This international commission, it is ta be noted, will not be a court of in- quiry to determine the facts and allot the responsibility. For the responsibil- ity is determined in advance. Greece is held guilty by the cauncil of am- bassadors. So far as the news dis- patches have told there has been no trial, and no investigation. Some speeches were made hefore the coun- cil of ambassadors and the decision was reached. Meanwhile the league council at Geneva is relieved. The issue has been carried past it to Paris. Mussolini's refusal to recognize the ieague as com- petent to consider the question, inas- much as it involves the *national honar,” made it necessary to evade the point unless the member powers were ready and competent to compel Italy to accept jurisdiction and submit the question to determination. But there was no dispesition to use force or even moral suasion. Of course, it is mogst gratifying that jwar has been aveided. Everybody is happy to get out of the affair without further fighting. A few innocent civilians in Corfu have been killed, Greece is mulcted in & sum of money, the league remains intact, the real power has been shifted from Geneva to Paris, from the league to the coun- cil of ambassaders, and Mussolini re- mains the dictator of Italy and has gained a bit toward his greater ob- Jective. But suppose Greece had been a stronger power! Would even as much have been saved in the way of inter- national peace? ———— Col. Harvey is a man of energetic temperament who will doubtless wel- come an opportunity to exchange the camparative serenity of an ambassa- dorial position for the chance to be ac- tive in the field of presidential politics, where he haa already won se much distinction as a campaigner. ———————————— Money is being raised in the U. S. A. for earthquake sufferers. A coun- try“ famed for wealth need not be abashed if it succeeds in showing that its heart is in the right place, with the full maral support of ita peckethook. ———— England’s representations are heard with courtesy by all Europe; which fact marks an important achievement at a time when a spirit of reckless de- flance is rampant. ———m———————— Prohibition enforeement will be easy when everybedy who votes against a wet ticket becomes personally scrypu- lous in enfarcing the principle he ad- vocates. —_——————————— The Italo-Greek quarrel, yegardless of its merita, points to the need of more protection for the innocent by- stander. —————— Increase in Autemohiley. In round numbers there are 106,000 motor machines iR eperation in the Distriet, anq during the last fiscal year there was an increase of 20,000, That there are so many motor vehigles in the Capital will perhaps surprise most persons. Few pergons take note of license numbers, but those wha do frequently see District license plates bearing numbers between 90,000 gnd 100,000. That there should be an in- crease of 20,000 cars in a single year, according to the repart of the chief of the traffic bureau, will impress many citizens 8s remarkable. There i8 no evidence of a halt in the purthase of machines. Reports of increased oytput come from all the ecompanies making cars. In Washing- ton salearpoms myitiply and buyers come so fast that usually they have to wait weeks for the delivery of new city, repair shops have sprung up in alleys and on thoroughfares, gas sta- tions have beeame principal features apout the city and along the roads and the automobile has become nearly a8 common subject of conversation as ‘the weather, Along realdence streets five years ago & car might be seen before one The judgments of Solomop were nat more diMoult than that of Com- missiener of Immigration Huaband, or two homes In the same square, and | jn connection with the case of the the family with a car was an object of | race of Atlantic note in the neighborhood. Today, along | brought thousands of immigrants into miles of residence streets there is @ [port a few minutes bffore midnight, car for every home, and at the dinner | August 31. # hour or early in the evening peopl often have trouble finding parking {2000 .or 3.000 immigrants be ad- space for their own cars before their Iner may find something wrong. The (OWN homes. The buflding of garages | but that the ghip be penalizad some resuit of an examination is not alwaya | has become an important industry, and | 3400.900 and required to give back alleys are lined with them. When we shall reach “the point of | ¥' condition which may prove not to be saturation” in automobiles cannot 'be [able to arrive at such a “compro- foretold. The number of persons who buy new cars every season or every on the whole a physical examination | other season is increasing, and the |innecent immigrants. !old car finds a purchaser and con- tinues its way through the streets. The man who gets a car will never there- after go without if he can possibly af- | Japanese with the milliens of dollars ford 'to keep a machine. It may be|OWned by other people than our- that in & few years averybody injthe | Selves. District will own a car. If the popula- | @e0telly signed a check against the tion of the District be divided by the number of cars it will show that we |an have very nearly reached the point where every tamily has a car. —_——— Cuts in the Estimates. Fh meeting the demands of the bu- reau of the budget the Commissioners have been compelled to make serious | S4maritan answera. reductions in District estimates, and a number of measures for the better- ment of the city strongly desived by the people have' been ruled out or very much curtailed. The school building pragram, school sites for future use, has suf- the school plant in line with the needs of the increased school population must be deferred. A number of items for new streets and the repaving of old atreets have been eliminated, and other year. The proposed purchase of will be sidetracked until more favora- ble times. ers, after lopping off about $6,850,000 from the estimates mitted to the budget bureau, reduction of about half a million dol- lars to bring the estimates down to of the local government is affected by the cuts. . Though it will not be possible ta the tentative estimates for the next i fiscal year, it will still be possible, un- der the eatimates as sanctioned by the budget bureau, to make cansiderable progress and to point the way to greater progress in succeeding years. The people of the District are disap- pointed in many ways, but they refuse to be discouraged. —_———— It is rveported that Ludendorf is grooming a young German prince far the assumption of the throne vacated by the kaiser. Many an unfertunate prince would have grown-up to be a respected and useful citizen if it had been possible to keep him out of bad company. ———ree————— Philadelphia contemplited closing & theater because the show was im- proper. The usual difficulty in man- aging this kind of reform without con- ferring valuable advertisement is being experienced. ——————— practicable. ———— contyoversy the public stands patient. ly, check book in hand. ——————————— A new opportunity has arigen for Musaplini to prov for the emergency.’ —_— e now becames ane of neighborly sym- pathy. —————————— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Japan. Land of a race both strong and brave, Shaken by grim Misfortune's wrath; Eager, the world stands forth to save All that is left in Destruction’s path. Days of splendor are left behind, Yet to yoyr pride you well cling. Thus to deserve from all mankind— ‘This is, indeed, no little thing! Reading Human Nature. “Did that caller want work?"” “I don't think ®0,” replied Senator Sorghum. “All he wants to do la to set his application on file 50 aa ta en- courage the members of his family who are supporting him." Jud Tunking says he never vet saw the coat of living get so high that ne- body in the family ceuld afford circus ticketa may The Farmer. His corn and wheat the public notes ‘With only passing mention. It's when he brings a crop of votes That he gets most attention. 'To Be Used With Discretion, “How about this new drug that com- pels people to tell the absolute tryth?" asked the laboratory expert. “We'll turn aut a supply,” yeplied the manufacturer. “But be carefyl not to let the man who writes our patent medicine ads get hold of it.” “1t’ i veported that in Russia & divorea gan be sesured for as little as 20 centa." “¥en," replied the Rxceedingly cau: tious person. “But how about the ali- mony scale of prices?" “When a true friend gives me a tip on a hoss race,” said Uncle Eben, “I think mebbe I'd better hold on to ‘“nt has been required to submit a {cars. Places for the sale of automobile | whut money I has, 50's to lend him SWorn statement &3 to his health of o [ accessories flourish thioughout the jaeme aeat day” including the purchase of | what fered severely, and hope for bringing [ pert the carefully drawn plan for improved | hesitate to street lighting must ga over until an- | PAX certain lands for park development |filial o It is reported that the Commission- | Priety and carefulness; extend gener- they were sub- | practice your respective callings; cul- | have | tivate vour intellects and elgv found it necessary to make a further |and promote the figure fixed by the director of the { and public spirit for the sake of the | budget, $25.150,000. Every department | COUntry whenever required. and thus make the long strides in Capital de-|our good and loyal subjects, but w il velopment which were planned for in | #l0_conduce to the malnjerance of | Italian statesmanship appears to be | premises in Tokio. more or less inclined to a “policy of jowned and American-conducted Eng- isolation” on terms likely to prove im. |llsh-language dally fewspaper, the | Pending a decision in the anthracite [ (¢ 3 himself “‘the man |9aily in the United States, with its California’s attitude toward Japan |Advertiser's circulution was steamers which The commissiorier orders that the mitted ac part of the August quotas. the pagsage money to all the immi- rants. Just how the commissioner was mise” with the law {s immaterial, in view of the essentlal justice of the decision, in refusing to penalize the * K X x How wisely and liberally many of have planned the relief of the All readers who have lot( h balance of some mul- will please stand up be coumted. In the mesnwhile, lesson of the widow's mite is thc one asaigned to each and every one of us, in the face of the greatett dis- | aster in all history. Millions home- less, hungry, beref! “Say not to thy brother, Go, and come again, and tomorrow I _will give. whem thou hast it by thee.” enormous c: ti-millionals “Wha {s my nelghbors?” The good * % % % | The missionaries tell us that) Christianjty i3 belng accepted by high and low in Japan. They point to princes and admirals who are Chris- tians EHven aside from christianity, are the principles set up as ideal by the Japanese? In 1890 the mperor Mutsuhito prep: an “Im- al ipt on Moarals and Edu- cation,” which he ordered to be there- after the sole text of moral imstruc- tion throughout the country. It is recited at stated intervals in all schoals. So far as they *n. there ap- pears pothing in this Imperial re- seript to which Christiafis would ive Imdorgement. Its raphs of command read fol- “You, our subjects, be therefore avents; be affectionate to your brothers: be harmonious as hus- bands and wives and faithful to your friends; conduct yourselves with pro- osity and benevolence toward your neighbors; attend to your stydies and your merals; advance public benefits tha soclal welfare; ever render strict obedlence to the consti- tuiton and to all the laws of the land; display your personal courage support the {imperial prerogative, which is coeval with the heavens and the earth. “Such behavior on your part will not only strengthen the character of the t:uu f your worthy ancestors. | “This {s the instruotion io‘uoa&led by our ancestors and to he followed by our subjects; for it is the truth which has guided. apd still guides them in their own affairs and in their dealings with aliens.” * ko % Many a text for a Christian sermon might be extracted from that im- perial rescript, and there s evidence of Mosalc and Christian influence in the principles of the instructions. Note particularly: “In their dealings toward alien which recalls: ‘“The | stranger within thy gates,” ang the answer to the immortal question: “Who s my neighbor?" LR H { The call of Commissioner Haynes | for 3n added million to the $9,000.000 CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAVL V. COLLIN pRropriation h&lh. prohibitign en- rcement. jogether with the Presi- lent's call of state governnors to a conference on the subject of enm- forcement, indicates that the Cool- idge policy will be na more gentle and tolarant than that of his prede- oessor. The President hopes to ally the governors In & co-operative policy of state and nation for the strict en- forcement of the law. * % % X Representative Bydney O. Anderson | of Minnesota. president of the whegt gouncil, raises a warning cry that {he prosperity of the farmers, not in- terested in grain, should not’ beclaud the situation as to the real distress of one-third of the farmers of the country. If it 'be true that there are millions of Japanese made de titute by the earthquake, they must fed by th outside world until they can produce another crop af rice or other food. American farmers have been trying desperately to get rid of 200,000,000 bushels of their surplus crop of - The Library Table BY THE BOOKLOVER The Booklover is much concerned over the “heresy-hunting” attitude of many excellent people toward Ameri- can histery textbooks. I refer to the attempts to put out of the schools American histories by Dr. Muzzey and others, on the ground that they are unpatriotic and pro-British. Recently this column has quoted one dls- tingulshed historian, who condemns such gttacks on the consclentious work of first-rate scholars, and also the caution of another writer, who points out the inexpediency of dis- cussing in school textbooks mooted questions that are likely to confuse and raise doubts in immature minds. With both of these opinions I agree. Only recently have I peen able to se- cure a copy of the “Report on In- vestigatian of Pro-British History Textbooks In Use in the Public Schools of the City of New York," made by David Hirshfield, commis- sloner of accounts, to Mayor Hylan. wheat. 1s there not some Joseph who will rise and deyise a method which will ‘put that surplus where It is most needed and finance it unti} the future Japan can pay for it? Jabanese do not eat wheat? Will starving people turn awa¥ from {:_‘-l food, even if not accustomed to * ok ok K The Curtiss Airplane Company has been sued in Minnesota and an in- junction asked, restraining it from flying over a certain farm, whose fences are hog-proof, cow-proof and fool-proof, but not aviator-proof. What line of defense will be set up has not yet been rveported in the nelvs, but surely the opposition may raise the question as to whether the plaintiff has gxhausted his powers and duties by erecting a fence tall cnough to keep out the “strays.” If farmers object to the visitations of fiying airplanes, s it not their duty to construct fences which will give reasonable protection? Certain serum laboratories comstruct over- head poultry netting to prevent birds from alighting amongst their stack and possibly 'carrying germs that would infest the experimental hogs with cholera. Have the suing farm- ers taken reasonable steps, lflhlr by constructing their line fences to the height of the photosphere, or todping them with heavy enough poultry net- ting to bar the airplanes from roost- Ing In their treea? ' i * X x ¥ Railroads have the right of emi- nent domain, ang unless a farmer stands ready to open his gates when- ever a railroad train wants to run through his corn, the train will enter without asking “by your leave. Have not airplanes—perhaps carry- ing United States mail—a right of super- emipent domain in the clouds and over the flelds amongst the bir 1f the aviator should drop a lighted cigar and a barrel of gasoline upon the farm, he would be held for cons quent damages; but when he merely pokes a hole through the overhang- Ing clouds, and the hole is neatly plugged up after him, what are the damages? Who is hurt? If the air- plane res the farm cattle, cheer up. the next generation of cattle will be accustomed to such celestial visi- tations, just a8 horses today are ac- customed to automebifles. Dogs now bark at horses’ mot at automobiles. Times change. * ok ok % How quickly one sensational news development is hidden by another! A month aga the world interest cen- tered in the French occupation of the Ruhr. A week ago all attention was given to the Italian crisis at Corfu. Since last Sunday, both of these have been almost forgotten In the horror of Japan. Yet the poten- | tialities of elther the Ruhr or the Balkans are of world-wide impor- tance. These are solemn days. (Copyright, 1923, by P. V. Coll ..) WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE : No' American interest in Japan has been dealt a heavier blow than the destruction of the Japan Advertizer That American- property of a Philadelphian, B. W. Fleisher, for more than a decade has been & vital factor in far eastern commerce and politics. Every Japanese who could read Eaglish studied it religiously. It maintained a foreign news service that would have done credit to a metropalitan own correspondents in and special dispatches from Waskingten, London, Peking, Manila and Shanghai. The double the comblned circulations of all_other foreign duilies published in Japan. Its daily edition ¥an 1o & dozen pages, and on Sunday to twenty-four or thirty. Mr. Fleisher, a member of thc P'hiladelphia family prominently identified with the yarn industry. survived the earthquake disaster, and his American friends and business associates are confident the Adver- tiser, Phoenix-like, will rise again in even' increased vigor and vitalit * ok kK The University of Michigan has ex- tended an invitation to Robert Bridges, poet laureate of Great Brit- ain, to fill the “fellawship of crea- tive arts” at Ann Arbor for the coming year. The terms of the fellow- ship, unique in American Intellectual lite and the foundation of former Gav. Chase §. Osborn of Michigan, are: “Simply to pay the incumbent a salary which will allaw him to live ithout WOrrying over means of sub- sistence, to provide working facili- ties, to relieve him of all academic dutigs, and to allow him to work at the production of his own glutul" poems or whatevey it may be. Whether the laureate will come to Ann Arbor or not has not been an- nounced. John Buyll would suryive his absence. Bridges was awarded Tenny- son's _crawn ‘in 1913, con- spicuaualy falled to stir Britain's sen- lrmenlu emotions. He signally mi uedl fire during the war. Rudyard Kipling! was the popular preference for the laureateship. o o * % ¥ Capt. Luke McNamee, chief of naval intelligence, comes \forward Wwith what he terms § fair sporting prope- sition., The Navy Raving accemmo- dated the Avymy, he says, With three absolete battleships for the purpose of showing how easily airplanes can bom| them to death, McNamea thinks Billy Mitchell 'of the Army air e ought now to hand over three lete airplanes to the Navy. These, lfllnl Alorman proposes, nnvhuvd in the sky. .:‘:lled 3 &uts and bombayded with sha and the: When*They've Baon bonght ®dewn, shall be duly Troel‘ med that the lane has outlived fis usefylness. f whigh show of the recent Hattoraa. it #ir- N; tRi lk“ t the Navy thinks 'm‘ln"tnll‘_l (’xfl Owe) LR Sqyeral wesks agp It was definitely, theugh Ret eMcially, annoypced in London that Cel. George Harvey would ayrive in England in September for the purpoge of presenting his letters of recall. The British smov- ernment, therefore, takes for granted that the colonel is making his fare- wall vipit I8 a0 oficial eadeelty. and” it is busily speculating about the identity of his successor. Whether Harvey is leaving diplomacy to be- come "Calvin Caalldge's 1924 cam- paign manager, as demacratic ne paperS are n owalleging, remairs for the moment the secret of the colonel and the President. * x ¥ x Henry Ford's arrival in Washing- ton ta discuss Muscle Shoals lends | interest to the democratic hope that he will realize his ambition. The ar- gument is that if Ford &ets the federal nitrate and power plant in} Alabama he will automatically be- | come & government contractor, or at least be immersed in such interlock-~ | ing relations with the gavernment that he would be jneligible to hold federal office. That would banish the Ford bogey in 1924, democratic lead- ers aver. because it would constitu- tionally bar him from the presidency. Senator Arthur Capper, leader of the farm bloc, says one of its objectives in the Sixty-eighth Congress is to sce ! that Ford gets Muscle Shoals. So the democrats and the bloc seem eye tp eve. S e * ok ok ¥ Maj. Roy A. Haynes, federal pro- hibition commissibner, has been look- ing over the Bowery im New York, and aflirms they're not “doing such things” and “saying such things" there as they used to do when the Bowery was the theme of Gotham's official lullaby. In company with Palmer Canfield, federal prohibition director for New York state, Hayne: tourgd the Bowery early in the !yum' mer. They found it has undergona a wholesome transformation. In th district that housed ‘III‘WIY-I.V“I prosperous saloons in 1886, theve are today only six near salo operat- ing " under the federal statutes Drunkenness and crime have dimin: ished correspondingly. Haynes pre. dicts that in another two yeara §he Wwill not be a saloan left in the whol Bowery. Stores and restaurants ag. cupy the sites formae re ted by in mills, while many of the gon- comitant evils of dance halls ‘and other dives have disappeared glong with the saloons. *“Night has bee: turned into day on the Bower: i Maj. Haynes' epitome of the situ- ation. * k% ¥ A famous American who left Japan at a providential juncture was Jane Addams, Chicago philanthrapist and inteynational feminist leader. She sailed from Yokohama on August 33, only a week orjten days before the disaster, and is now homewurd-bound across the Pacific. Miss Addams anly receptly recov - nessin a° Nikko hogpital Kor ihe past six or seven Jmonthl she has and freedom” movement, Moo * Xk ¥ ¥ President Masaryk of the repyblie of Czechoslovakia {s probably the world's only ruler wha emplays an American private secretary—John O. Crane of Chicago. Mr. Crane is the youpget son of Charlgs R. Orana, for- merly American minister to China, and a brother of Righard Orane, ap- pointed by Presideny Wilson to be our first minister to Czechoslpvakia. Dr. M yk's American rigl -‘und man is a Harvard graduate and has just returned to Prague for his final year's service, after a month's holi- day in the United States. (Gopsvight, 19) | coves yment for I have read it so that I could know the worst about these condemned histories. * k¥ ¥ Inasmuch as Muzzey's history ap- pears to be considered the worst of- fender, bath in the Hirshfleld report and by certain local critics in Wash- ingten, I haye not only read the in- dictment of the book in this report with close attemtion, but have also read the passages cited with their context in the book itself. I wonder if all Muzzey's critics have done that much before condemning the book. My conclusjon is that the history is fair, sane apd intensely interesting— just the sort of hook I wish I might have had when I was in high school, instead of the kind I did havé—either dry and stale annals or books filled with military exploits, and with one- sided, hate-creating accounts of the villainies of America's enemies, and siving little or no attention to causes and social movements. As I| understand it, Muzzey takes for granted that grammar school pupils ave read American histories featur- ing military affairs and the other standard picturesque events in the country's histery, and he has written for high schoel students a history that (according to his preface) “represents the newer tendencies in historical 'fllll,. Its aim is ¢ * ¢ to &lve emph: @ those factors in our Rational d pment which appeal to us ae most vital from the stand- point of today.” It seems to me that he has been eminently successful. There are a few passages which might well have been a little differ- ently phrased, and which are likely to be misunderstood, especlally by 'sons hent on finding things to con- demn; but, taken as a whole, the spirit of the book is soundly patriotic and thoroughly American. * kK K According to the apparent standards of the Hirshfield report, no book of American history would be satisfac- tory unless it twists the British lion's tail on every possible occasion, unless it makes Great Britain the head devil in American history and in world atf- fairs generally. Any tendency in his-| torical writing and especially dny school textbook which gets away from that attitude is anathema and forthwith labeled “pro-British | propaganda.” 1f the facts of history | as brought forth by the most recent investigations by the most competent | historians are not all anti-British, so | much the worse for the facts and so| mugh more shrill the cry of “propa- ganda’" Even though the largest factar in bringing on the world war was international hatred and the greatest obstacle to world peace is atill international hatred, so well be- loved are these hatreds that any in-| terpretation of history which teaches young pcople anything short of the traditional venomous views of the past is condemned as unpatriotic and un-American. * % x % The final section of the Hirshfield report in which this “pro-British propaganda” is tracked to its lair is ludicrous—or would be were it not tragic by reason of the probability that so many good peaple are likely to belleve it. This eminent his- torlan states ag a fact—in an of- ficial document of the city of New York—that “there are certain rec- ognized influences which have been working long and powerfully to this end.” He has discovered that Cecil Rhodes dreamed (in the first draft of his will) of “the ultimate re- ¢ of the United States af Amer- | ica as an integral part of the British { empire,” and that he heavily endowed with British gojd th Rhodes scholar- ships, providing for clever American boys to spend three years at Oxford Unlversity. Of course, this is proof number one of a pro-British propa- ganda plot. Andrew Carnegie, born in Great Britain, but supposedly a pretty good American, turns out to have been a pro-British plotter, for In his “Tri- umphant Democragy,” published in 1893, he also dreamed that the sun wauid one day “'shine upon and greet again thg reunited state, the British- American Union." ¥ proof is asked that he tried to bring this about, it is to be had in the facts that he gave princely sums to the Carnegie Endow- International Peace, the Church Peace Union, the American As- soclation for International Concilia- tlon, the Carnegie Endawment for Teaching, to Carnegie libraries and other sinister institutions, the purpose of all of which ig to pervert the minds of Americansfaway from the spirit of isolation apd toward an international viewpoint'§ Proof positive number twa of pro-British propaganda. The final {uftuency clted in the report con- sists of the international bankers, many of whom belong to the English- Speaking Union, the Pllgrim Soclety and other similar organizations, some of whom are trustecs of the various Carnegie emterp: s, and most of whom favor the league of nations, the world court, the faur-power treaty and similar Vvillainies. And all these people and interests believe that “the newqr tendencles in historical writ- ing" should be reflected in high school textbooks. The chain of evldence is complete! * K kK A complete English edition of the works of Arthur Machen, called the Caerlegn edition, has just been pub- lished in nine volumes. Arthur Ma- chen, like George Meredith apd Henry Jamaes, is nat § writer beloved by the general public; but gome of his warks, such as “The Hill of Dreams,” “The Secrat Glory," “The Terror,” “The Three Fmpoaters,' “The Great God Pan” and the two volumes of auto- blography, “Far:-off Things” and “Things Near and Far,” are fairly well known. Criticism of Arthur Ma- chen has caverad a wide range of opinion. “Soma af his books have been called more “ahilling shockers.” others bad iml »hllonn al 'Sl Ven: ;‘i. still rs tmares of sex an sup- “3.‘.‘!; gy'neflu. ©On the other hand, thera sre critics who censider Machen a oreatar of “be u‘{ and ecstasy,” one of the great artists of our time and, erhaps, all time. Hig style and sub- éufi &.:8" have much in common ith the work of James Brghch Ca- Dbell. * K Kk ¥ “The Soul of Woman” is & valuable new contpibution to ‘“the woman question” by an Italian feminist, Gina Lombroso. The author is the daugh- ter of Cesare Lombroso, the distin- ciologist, and the wife of Sl Ferrero, the equally dis- historian. The' object of he Soul of Woman” is to help women to solve their political, soctal and economic problems through find- ing their true vocations. Meeting in- dividual needs, the author believes, is the first step toward mekting the Q. Please tell me when the fire in Stumph & Lyford's occurred and how many people were killed. Where was the sale of damaged furniture held?— A. V. 0. A. The fire department says that the fire occurred at 11:51 a.m., Septem- ber 17, 1894. Four or five citizens lost thelr lives and one fireman was injured. No record is avallable about the fire sale. . Q. ‘Where is the old Seaton House? —M. A J. A. This is the property at 622 Loufsiana avenue northwest, now oc- cupled by the Central Union Mission. The building has been condemned and will be torn down to make way for a new mission. Q. Could Alagka become a state?— T. N. H. A It Conirens should pass an en- abling act, Alaska could become a state. Q. What is a simple test for min* eral water? 1 wish the water to put in the batterles of my machine.—H. G. W. A. The geologlcal survey says that it ‘placing a few grains of nitrate of silver in the water does not turn the water milky, it Is free from min- eral and can be used in the batteries of your machine. Rain water is pure and good for this purpose. Q. Kindly let me know when the Canadign dollar was worth more than the American dollar?—H. J. N. A. The Federal Reserve Board says that from September 30, 1922, to October 25, 1922, the Canadian dollar was above par in the United States— the quotation on same being §1.000069 September 30 and $1.001399 October 25. Q. Of how many Presidents of the United States have medalllons been made?—L. E. A. These medals have been made for each President of the United States since Georse Washington They may be purchased from the mint at Philadelphia. An official memorial medal will be coined for President Harding. It will be sold for $1.52. On one side appears the face of Presi- dent Harding and on the other the date of his birth, inauguration and death. Q. When did Maude Royden preach at the City Temple in London?—E. G. A. Maude Royden was assistant preacher at the City Temple from 1917 to 1820. She is the first woman preacher of England. . Is it proper to sign a letter “Your humble servant?’—D. C. B. A. The superscription, “Your hum- ble servant,” is no longer good form. It is an expression that was used many years ago and should now be avoided. Q. What causes cataract of eye?—H. G. A. Cataract is an opaque condition of the eye or its capsule. resultipg from an injury to the lens or imper- fect development. the Q. How many transients visit New York each day?~—D. L. J. A. It is now estimated that 500,000 transients are in that city daily. Q. Who designed the Vatican gar- dens?—H. C. B. A. The great Italtan painter Ra- phael designed them. Q. ®Who said” “A man convinced against his will. is of the same opin- fon st ?’'—L. H. A. The quotation is a paraphrase of a line | r- “Hudibras” by Butl ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS |indemnity may be ¢ BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. “He that complies against his will is of the same opinion still.” Q. How many pounds of tea wers involved in the Boston tea party?— D, A. Accounts of the Boston tea party do not make this clear. The duty was three pence per pound, and the value of the 342 chests of tea was 18,000 English pounds. Q. Did have a British military G. H. A. Washington was given a com- mission as major and a place on his ataff by Gen. Braddock in 1755. Q. Has Great Britain made ex- penses In its administration of Pales- tine?—H. B. V. A. For the fiscal year ending April 1923, the British administration of Palestine incurred a deficit of about $350,000. Q. Is there any machine that wili detect the presence of people if they are absolutely qulet?—A. H. G. A. A war-time instrument credited to American ingenuity would, it claimed, register heat radiations from a man 200 yards away. There is also said to be another instrument that will detect the heat from an ordinary candle at a distance of two miles. Q. When did Houdini win a trophy as an aviator’—R. V. K. A. He won the Australian trophv for the first successful Mlight with # heavier-than-air machine on Marci George Washington ever title?—W. is Q. Can a postmaster charge 20 cents for reglstering a letter?—I W. H. A. The Post Office Department gay« that on April 1, 1923, the registry fee was raised 10 cents, making this fee 20 cents. By this extension an imed not exceed- ing $100. Before this new ruling put into effect the amount of demnity claimed for lost letters was $30. Q. Why do (% A. The investigations of Bunsen in the geyser region of Iceland have been generally accepted by geologists as an explanation of the origin and activity of geysers. By seepage from the surface, the geyser tube is filled with a column of water, which, at a considerable depth, receives heat from buried lava flows or other volcanic sources. When the temperature in the lower part of the tube is raised to such a point that the water boils in 8pite of the column above, a portion ot the water is changed into steam and by expansion causes an overflow in registered geysers erupt’—H R. at the surface. Thus relieved of pressure, a large quantity of water flashew into steam and ejects the whole column violently into the air. If the circulation of the waters be impeded by throwing stones into the geyser tube, the eruption can often be hastened. Geysers in many cases were originally “het springs. from which they have gradually developed by building and extending their tubes Q. What is a limequat?>—B. L. I. A. The limequat is a cross between West India lime and the kumgquat orange. It is very much like the lime in quality and flavor and has the hardiness of the kumquat. The lime is sensitive to cold to a degree that makes the production of the fruit un- certain in Florida. (Send your questions to the Star In- formation Bureau. Frederic J. Haskins diractor, 1220 North Capitol street. If answers are desired, names and ad- dresses must be given. No research work is done on letters signed with in- itials only. Enclose 2 cents in stamps for return postage.) German Foe of the Former Kaiser Dying at Zurich in Abject Poverty BY THE MARQUIS DE FONTENOY. Prince Alexander Hohenlohe, for- mer German governor of Alsace and vounger son of that Prince Clovis Hohenlohe, who was, in turn, prime minister of Bavaria, German ambas- sador to France, viceroy of Alsace- Lorraine and, for many years, chan- cellor of the German empire, is dying in a small boarding house in the neighborhood of Zurich, confined to Lis bed for the past vear by an acute form of spinal disease, completely destitute and deserted. Yet, fifteen vears ago, he was the most widely discussed man in Europe as the intimate confident, adviser and most _trusted friend of his father. It was he who induced the latter to re- sign the chancellorship, not wishing that the old statesman's name and honor should be affected and injured by the almost well-nigh insane_v: garies with which ex-Emperor Wil- liam, during the last two decades of his reign, was continually disturbing, not only Europe, but also the entire world. At the same time, Prince Alex- ander severed his own connection with the service of the imperial erown. E ‘When his father died at Ragaza, in Switzerland. in 1901. he bequeathed his voluminous diaries. covering the entire latter half of the nineteenth century, to his youngest son, Prince Alexander. and to his friend, Prof. Curtius. These diaries. of the most remarkable and revealing character, were published in Germany..in France and in England in 1906, creating the most extraordinary sensation. The German_edition was seized by order of #he Kaiser and not allowed to ap- pear until it had been cruelly cen- sared and modified. But the English and French editions were printed as they had been written, and led to legal proceedings against Prince Alexander, who sought refuge in Switzerland, whatever property he possessed in Germany being confis- cated on a charge of having been a party to the publication of state secrets. * X X *x Wielding a very clever pen, and filled with bitterness against the ex- kaiser, Prince Alexander continued to be his most relentless gnd savage critic and, during the great war, on several occasions, made public ap- peals to his countrymen to -invoke the good will and intervention of President Wilson in behalf of peace, on the ground that the cause of the entente was bound to be victorious, that the central powers were doomed to inevitable defeat and that Ger- many would not only be subject to the cruel role of a vanquished nation but also have to bear the brunt of re- sponsibility for having provaked and started one of the most terrible wars in history, involving the destruction of millions of lives and of billions of tregsure, for no other purpose than to satisfy the semi-insane ambitions of the then kaiser for the military, political, and above all, economic gu- premacy and despotic domination of the_entire world. These manifestoes of Prince Alexander served still fur- her to infuriate the ex-emperor against him who, in the book Which he published recently, by way of a foalish apologia of his policies and of his reign, assails Prince Alexander for having powerfully contributed to that demoralization of the Germa people, which resulted in their defeaf. Prince Alexander owned quite a considerable amount of property in France, which he had inherited from his Russian-born mother and uncle. But, despite his warfare against the kaisgr, it was confiscated by the Franch government as alien enemy property and, since most of his G map relatives had sided against him and against the memory of his father, 14 Frinca Olovis who Femains tha most remarkable figure of the anglent petty sovereign dynasty of Hohe lohe, he has been dependent for his living on what he is able to earn by his writings—written from 3 bed of sufferin, In the opdinary course of events Re canpot live much longer. He some | game shooting may, indeed. be dead when this appears in print. " But his name will be remem- bered for hundreds of years to come as the publisher of the most extraordinary and revealing series of intimate diarfes of a statesman, who. as chancellor and premier, as uncle of the late kai- serin, as cousin of Queen Victoris, and as related to haif the reigning houses of Europe, was one of the principal actors in the history of the entire last half of the nineteenth century. * k ok * Lord Elphinstone, who has just been entertaining Queen Mary during, the past week at Carberry Tower, has been appointed by King George, to be captain of his ancient bodyguard for Scotland, which is also known as the Royal Company of Archers, all the privates of which, armed?on stata occasions, With their long bows arrows, are highland chieftains and lairds of ancient lineage and of larze territorial possessions, while the offi- cers of the regiment are, each one of them, Scottish peers of the rea Thus, Lord Elphinstone succeeds to the captaincy left vacant by the death of the Marquis of Preadalbane. He was, prior to the great war, a fre- auent visitor torthe United States and Canada, having done plenty of big ] in America, in the Rockies, in Alaska and up in Main: where he still holds the record of tt biggest moose ever killed. He has been a great explorer and can boast of having been the only British peer of the realm to penetrate into Tibet He has also seen a considerable amount of adventure in the wilds of Siberia and in Turkestan, with Mr Van der Byle as his companion, and may be said to have inherited his taste for travel from his father, who accompanied James Anthony Fraude on his trip around the world in 1884 Lord Elphinstone is married to Lady Mary Bowes Lyon, daughter of the fourteenth Earl of Strathmore and clder sister of the now royal Duchess of York. He is of medium height, clean shaven, fair complexion and goaod looking. Also, he is very well Gff, having inherited extensive estates, some of which have been in his family since the reign of King David, while his peerage, of which he is the sixteenth holder, was bestowed upon Sir Alexander Elphinstone, who lost his life four years later, in the great battle of Flodden field. * ¥ k% Carberry Tower, where Lord Elphin- stone has been entertaining Queen Mary, is perched on the very point of a hill which rises, near the coast. at & point where the river Esk flows into the Firth of Forth. Close by is the battlefield of Pinkle, where the second Lord Elphinstone fell. Car- berry Tower is the scene of many a historical event. It was there that Mary, Queen of Scotts, and Bosworth parted, never to meet again and it also figured in the famous old his- torical ballad known as “Quince: Revenge.” Lord Elphinstone’s promotion has led to that of Brig. Lord Rollo, a peer, whose existence is ignored by most Englishmen and yet which has been familiar for centuries to every- one mnorth of the Tweed. He owns large estates in Perthshire and in County Dumfries that go with the title, including Duncrub “castle, neat Dunning. Duncrub castle has been in the family ever since the year 1380, when it was bestowed by Rohert I, by means of & charter bearing hi sign manual and still in existenc upon John Rollo, who was the faith- ful secretary and sagacious counsellor ga mentar of the Blug's eon. David. Earl of ‘Strathgfrn. Duncrumb was elevated into a_barony by another royal charter in 1511 and James VI of Seotland, who was afterward James I of the United Kingdom, raised the o of his y to the peerage, a8 d Rallo ;l;gmmb. )