Evening Star Newspaper, July 28, 1923, Page 6

THE EVENING ST With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY.......July 28, 1933 THEODOBE W. NOYES.. .Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Com) Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsyivania Ave. Office: 110 East 42nd . Oftice: Tower Rull +16 legent Bt., London, Star, with the Sunday morak vered by carriers within the city ¢ month; dally ouls, 43 cents per month: Sunday only, 20 cents per momth. Or- ders may be sent by mail, or telephone Main 5000, " Collection is made by carricrs at the eud of each month, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Daily and Sunday..1yT., $8.40; 1 mo., 70c Daily only. yr., $6.00; 1 mo., 50c Sunday only 1yr., $2.40; 1 mo,, 20c nd. The Evend edition, is at 60 eents All Other States. Daily and Sunday..1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ Daily only. 1yr., $7.00; 1 mo. ...1yr., $3.00; 1 mo., 25¢ paper and also the local nows p lished hereln. Al rights of publieation special dispatches herel also c of Up-to-Date “Ca Canny.” A persistent endeavor is being made in certain quarters in the east to arouse sympathy for the I. W. Ws. who are being subjected to prosccu- tion in California and other western, states. They are represented in pro- tests and appeals as crusaders against pernicious systems, as devoted martyrs to a high cause, as a torlorn hope ad- vance guard of a great army of indus- trial freedomists. Be that as it may, it it desirable that the people at large should know more about the purposes and practices of these men who have come to be known generally as “wob- blies.” Some light is thrown upon their pative methods by a bulletin to the lumber workers of the west recently printed in a Chicago I. Wi W. publica- tion. Here it Is: Everybody on the job, but everybody loaf! The employing cla: lives on our labor. It has to pay us wages, which are a part of what we produce, everything else we make for it is its profit on which it exists. When we cut down the profits we starve capi- talism. That is the only way it could be hurt. When we strike off the job we stop profits, but we stop expenses, too. Now we must all be on the job. drawing wages, but making no profit for the boss. It is not necessary to break any laws to do this. Figure out just how little work you can do and ®et by. Do that and no more. This is not a new idea in industrial warfare. A long time ago in Scotland the same principle was adopted by a certain class of workmen. It was called the system of “Ca Canny,” which, being liberally interpreted, meant ‘“slack the job.” This practice spread from Scotland into England. The wobblies have simply torn a leaf out of Charles Reade's “Put Yourself in His Place,” which described the *Ca Canny” and other methods then em- ployed for ‘“breaking down™ capital- ism. These wobblies of the west are do- ing frankly and in an extreme degree what has been the practice in a num- ber of trades for a long time, of giving the least possible return for the great- | est possible wage in the shortest pos- sible time. But they are definitely try- ing to break down what they call capi- talism, while the others, who profess abhorrence for the I. W. W. and the principles of their organization are merely making the most of their jobs regardless of the employers' interest or the general welfare. A Law of the Home. The Star recently published a dis- patch from San Antonio, Tex., which said: “A wife holds a property right in her husband to the exclusion of any other woman, according to a decision handed down here today by District Judge McCrory.” Many a married man will wonder why a judge thought 1t necessary to render a decision on a matter which every wife knows per- fectly well, and which few husbands dispute. The inference is that the judge is a single man, and has never | taken a course in the laws, customs and usages of married life. For centuries before this decision ‘was handed down it has been a matter of common knowledge that a wife has a strong grip on a husband. Most ‘wives and husbands will think that the Texas judge erred on the side of cau- tion and conservatism in ruling that a wife has only a property right in her husband, and that he should have ruled in a straightforward manner | that a husband is the personal prop- erty of the wife. Such a decision would have been in line with human experi- ence. The usual married man would not resent a judicial ruling that he is his wife's personal property. He under- stands that this is in accord with the laws of married life, and that it is wise provision for his safety, comfort and happiness. From the moment when the lady, veiled in white and carrying a bouquet of lilies of the valley, solemnly promised to love, honor and obey him, the husband became the per- sonal property of that lady, and it be- came his duty, perhaps his “bounden duty,” to bring home his pay envelope unopened, and to take such orders as her majesty, the queen of the home, may issue. Here and there & husband, unruly and rebellious, has sought to break the chain that binds him, but such a course often leads him into great unhappiness. ————e Chicago business men are having difficulty in getting working girls to ‘wear sleeves. Loss of valuable time in an effort to regulate costumes may be- come another element of increased cost to the ultimate consumer. Roadside Rubbish. Official notice is being taken of road- side litter left by automobilists. The motorist and his party go for & drive, take food from home in boxes and ample wrappings, stop for an open-air ‘meal and leave the pleasure spot strewn with trash. One sees the marks of wayside meals under & grove with- " in a village and many other places. It is reported that Col. Sherrill, in charge of public buildings and grounds, “is in hearty accord with the organ- ized movement among automobilists throughout the country to stop the practice of leaving ‘litter along the rosdways, in public parks and in the country,” The Motorists' League for Counfryside Preservation urges a na- tional campaign among automoblilists to “clean up as they go.” The educa- tion of all sutomobilists in this clean- up work is a big order. Yet it should be tried. When the auto party spreads its lunch under a fine tree at the gate of Hiram Jones' farm it may clean up the wreckage of the “spread,” but what is to be done with it? It will probably be thrown out of the car as soon after leaving Mr. Jones' gate as possible. And there you have roadside litter just the same. There are walking clubs or “hiker" groups in Washington in spite of the prevalence of the auto, and nearly all these groups have an unwritten law | against litter. When the meal is done all trash is burned. The fire is guard- ed and put out, so that it will not start up again. Only a scar of black ashes marks the spot. The only ways to get rid of lunch trash in the country are to bury it, burn it, or carry it home. A spade is not among the accessories of the auto. It would not do to tell auto parties to burn their litter, because setting fires by the radside is dangerous, and farmers object to this more than to rubbish. It requires a course of in- struction to build, care for and put out a fire. Auto parties should not start fires. The wayside rubbish problem presents some perplexities, but a prac- tical plan may be hit upon, and every- body, or nearly everybody, will wish the best of luck to the Motorists’ League for Countryside Preservation. | “Ruthless Military Occupation.” An appeal for funds for the support of & philantlropic institution in Eu- rope is printed in bold-face type in a recent issue of an American periodical. With the name of the region in which this establishment, omitted for reasons which will at once appear, the appeal contains the following passage: The - IS now the victim of the most ruthless military occupation in peace-time known eince the thirty- year w; Its inhabitants are literally in prison; they canpot leave or n about except by military per- mission. The mails are carried on horseback. People within a short dis tance of one another do not hear of the illness or death of relatives until their loved ones have been buried, 1s this “somewhere in France?" Is it |in Belgium? No. It is in the Palatinate, @ section of Germany. Is it in war- time? No. It is, as the statement says, in “peace-time.” And why? Because the French and Belgians are in that region seeking to collect war repara- tions, seeking to compel the German government to carry out the terms of the treaty of peace, seeking the dis- charge of obligations put upon Ger- many in consequence of things that were done in France and in Belgium during four vears of “the most ruth. less military occupation known since the thirty.year war.” This, as the appeal says, is “peace- time.” That is to say, there is no state of war through formal declaration or unjustified aggression.. The French and Belgians are in the Ruhr as a means of coercion, to make Germany pay in part that which the treaty of Versailles has decreed for the hideous devastation committed in their coun- plicit orders from Berlin. ‘What is happening in the Palatinate —even if it be as distressing as the ap- peal declares—is but a negligible frac- tion of the coercion and tyranny and cruelty and destruction committed by | Germany in the occupied regions of France and Belguim during the war. If Americans with German sympathies wish to respond to the appeal for funds, well and good. They doubtless will do so. It is to be hoped, indeed, that they will, sending their funds in good American dollars, each of which is now worth about a million marks of the German currency which the government presses at Berlin are grinding out at the rate of five tril- lions a week in an effort so to dilute the currency that reparations pay- ments appear to be impossible. But, lest we forget, let us recall what hap- pened in France and Belgium, which was about as bad in proportion to that which is happening in the Palatinate as an American dollar is good in pro- portion to a German mark. —_— English lecturers who resent Ameri- can criticism may feel easier in mind after reading the comments recorded by eminent visitors to the United States. Uncle Sam has never shown evidences of a grudge because of out- spoken opinion prompted by a differ- ent viewpoint. —————— Senator Hiram Johnson is one of the men who can do a great deal of reading and traveling without chang- ing their minds. There is no intel- lectual good fortune greater than to find that experience and observation confirm a position instead of modify- ing it. ———em e ——— European markets for American products form a matter of solicitude. The currency systems which contem- plate the exchange of a bale of paper money for a bale of hay do not help to solve the situation. | | Apartment Burglaries. Burglary seems to be & growing American industry, and theoretical ex- perts on this subject and burglary statisticlans say that it is increasing in other countries. Whether it is a profitable industry to those engaged in it cannot be said, but it is belleved to be a losing venture in the long run to those who follow it. However, the immediate profits appear to attract a goodly number of people to the art or business of “burgling.” A growing branch of burglary is in looting flats -{in apartment houses. Burglary insur- i | 1 ance adjusters in New York say that ‘while hold-ups and pay-roll robberies have fallen to a low level, and loft and store burglaries show a decline, apart. ment burglaries have increased 100 per cent since the first of the year, causing a 25 per cent increase in the rate for blanket apartment insurance policies. A leading jinsurance man is quoted as saying that a new class of young burglars are operating against apartment houses, and frequently have the assistance of apartment house employes and servants of the apartment tenants. ‘There are no local statistics immedi- ately available to show the rate of apartment house burglaries in Wash- ington compared with other classes of tries by the German soldiery under ex. | THE EVENING STAR, WA crime, but the news reports indicate that this kind of erime Is increasing here as elsewhere. Individual owners and companies operating apartment houses should use extraordinary care in selecting employes, and apartment tenants should take all precautions possible. One item of heavy loss is Jewelry. It is thoughtless for @ person to go out.and leave valuable jewelry in the flat. If jewelry is not to be worn it should be put In a safe deposit box. It is clear that money should not be left in the apartment. If the sum is too large to be safely carried in. the pocketbook tit should be banked. ————— The Anthracite Break. Fears of an anthracite strike on the 1st of September are aroused by the announcemenit that the conference at Atlantic City between the miners and the operators: has adjourned without agreement. But the failure of*the con- ference is not! to be viewed as neces- sarily tokening a suspension of min- ing at the end of the present contract period. The conferenoe broke on the question of the recognition of the union. As a matter of fact, practically nothing else has been considered. The “check-off” was discussed from the be- ginning, and rerained at the end an unsettled point of difference. Recogni- tion of the union has been the obstacle to agreement in the hard-coal fields | for many years. 4 Five weeks now remain before the expiration of the comtract period, and in that time much can be done toward an adjustment which will permit con- tinued operation of the mines so that the public will have its necessary sup- ply of coal. In that period undoubt- edly pressure will be exerted by the government to effect an agreement. Already it has been hinted that in case j of failure of the operators and miners to get together the United States will undertaRe the operation of the mines as & public necessity to insure a con- tinued supply. This possibility may work elther as a factor of peace or a factor of conflict. It may induce agree ment or it may prevent it. The an- thracite situation Is never susceptible of clear and confldent analysis. ———— 1n listing its available men for presi dential nomination the democracy should not overlook the opportunities for educational observation enjoyed by former Vice President Marshall. ——————————————— The splendid glaclers in Alaska do not render the G. O. P. impervious to the fact that symptoms of a poiitical avalanche In Minnesota are well worth inspecting. —_—————— Lenin and Trotsky are apparently Indifferent to what changes go on in the soviet government so long as they do not provide for a complete system ofPotation in office. ———— After his conspicuous career with the movies, serving as campaign manager might secem to Mr. Hays al- 1 most like retiring to private life. —_——— Judge Gary is at work on what may nature of a gentleman's agreement as to the length of working hours. ————— Declarations were made a while ago jthat the league of nations was dead. | Mr. Bok, however, is not offering a | prize for any obituary. i ————— New York requires Gov. Smith to give attention to the regular passenger busses as well as the water wagons. —————— A statesman is not elways as fa. I mous after he arrives in the United | States Senate as he is en route. The coal emergency, once & winter |phenomenon, now lasts the year round. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Knights. A gallant knight, in armor clad, ‘Went forth unto the fray, And many a lusty fight he had { While faring on his way. | A mighty valiant man was he ‘Who claimed full many a prize; Yet not so brave as knights must be Should battles now arise. He did not climb into a tank And ride 'mid shot and shell, He did not breathe the gases rank Which science makes so wejl. He did not ride beneath the wave Or hurry through the sky— A knight today must be more brave ‘Than knights of days gone by. Optical MNlusions. “Why do you write ‘laughter’ or ‘ap- plause’ in your speeches before you de: Jiver them?” “I don't always,” replied Senator Sorghum. “I only make those notes in speeches that are to be printed in- stead of being delivered before an audi- ence.” Jud Tunkins says a man has to be smart to tell you things, but the man ‘who knows enough to listen and learn is still smarter. An Evil Sufficiency. “Bootleg liquor is responsible for a great deal of crime.” “The bootleg liquor I've met,” com- mented Uncle Bill Bottletop, “‘wag a crime all to itself. The General Generosity. Every one his care redoubles, As he speaks in lofty tone, Minding other people’s troubles ‘When he can’t correct his own. Dilemma. “Did you see your wife in her new bathing suit?" “Yes,” replied Mr. Meekton. “But when Henrletta makes up her mind to anything I generally keep still. It ‘was the same old story. I didn’t know ‘whether to laugh or get mad.” A Mausical Preference. “Do you like modern music?” “No,” enswered the gentle grand- mother. “I liked the old square plano. It was so handy to put the patterns on when you were cutting out a dress.” | “A busy man,” said Uncle Eben, “is liable to be unpopular, because every loafer regards him as settin’ @ bad example.” prove to be a satisfactory plan in the | g T : s SHINGTON, D. C, SATURDA CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS A public protest against bankers is voiced by Prohibition Commis- sloner Haynes, who says that it the banks were not helping to finance bootleggers, the latter could not “carry on” as they do. Some bankers take the position that they are not concerned with the use to which their loans are put, 50 long ‘as the credit {s safe. That is the same position formerly occupied by druggists who sold “pateat med- icines” bearing labels claiming all sorts of cures, which were known to be fraudulent. The druggists took the attitude that they were mere dealers in merchandise, and that they were not undertaking to p: ment on the claims of the turers. Public sentiment and public law have changed the oblique angle of such traffic, and the fraudulent drugs h; been censored. The drug- glst is “his brother's keeper,” when he is knowingly a party to a fraudu- lent pretense regarding what he sells. * x % F Commissioner Haynes arralgns bankers who become parties to transfers of illegal merchandise— llquors—between the bootlegger and his customer, through holding funds in escrow to be delivered to the bootlegger, under certain agreed terms. He holds them to be con. pirators implicated as parties to the illegal transaction, even though thelr part is stmply to deliver money in escrow, as directed, since they are alleged to have gullty knowledge of the illegality of the transaction. Confiscations of the liquor of boot- leggers show that only 1 per cent of it 'is genuine; the rest is dangerous to_life or to eyesight. There may be nothing in the bank- ers' relation to the rum-running transaction that is contrary to law. {The present statutes do not cover it, but there is a possibility that some legislation at the coming slon of Congress may reach it. Th 1ll greater probability that the /“be "discunsed and oute | lawed by the American Bankers' As- soclation, as a breach of ethics. The Bar Assoclation prohibits question- able practices of lawyers, even when ! they violate no law: the Medical As-: soclation is jealous of its ethics. The i better class of banker is equally jeal- {ous of preserving high moral stand- ards in the practices of banks. If the bankers forbid any financing of {l- legal liquor traffic, it will go a long way toward crippling crime. * k% x Last week Charles Fortune of Washington, thirty-elght years old, drank bootleg whisky, and he Is now fn a hospital in a critical condition —almost sure to lose his sight, If not his life. Police say the stuff he drank contained lye and wood alco- hol. The man charged with giving it to him, as a beverage. is ar rested, and charged with possessing and transporting the poison. Is there a banker in the city who would want to be known as helping finance such an Investment? Assuredly not. Ninety-nine per cent of the liquor {financed by any banker is of sim- {llar quality—dangerous to society, {according to Commissioner Hayngs. *xx % Wheat continues to sell in Minne- apolis for less than a dollar a bushel, but there has been no drop in the | price of bread in Washington. The {Consumers’ League, headed by Mrs. {Harvey J. Wiley, wife of the former chief chemist of the Department of Agriculture, Is planning an organized attack on the bakers to force down {the price of bread or boycott the bakeries. About a month ago, in response to certain comments on the high cost of bread in Washington, there came {the following letter from the presi- dent of one of the largest chain | stores “Thanks for vour bread story of Monday the 1Sth. Your analysis of the situation is very good, and 1 trust you will soon again find oc- Of British Emba BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY, John Cecil, the newly appointed first secretary of the British embassy at Washington, Is entitled to the pre- fix of honorable to his name as the son of the late Lady Amherst of Hackney, who was a peeress in her own right, and is in the line of suc- cession not only to her own rela- tively modern barony, now held by his thirteen-year-old nephew, but also, through his father, Col. Lord Willlam Cecil, to the much older marquisate of Exeter and to the Burghley House estate in North Hamptonshire, which has been ren- dered famous through Lord Tenny- son’s ballad, “The Lord of Burleigh.” The barony of Amherst of Hackney was created by Queen Victoria In f; { vor of Willlam Tyssen Amherst, M. P. for West Norfolkshire, who, through the marriage of his grandfather, a County Mayo squire of the name of McDanlel, to_Amelia Tyssen-Amherst, | became, with the sanction of the crown, lord of the manor of Hackney. Hackney Is now a densely populated district of the metropolis, and, as much of Hackney was leasehold prop- erty, the first Lord Amherst of Hack- ney derived great wealth from this | real estate as one of the great ground landlords of London. | " As Lord Amherst had no sons, but seven daughters, Queen Victoria, who held him in high regard, gave orders that the patent of his peerage shonld be made out, with remainder to his cldest daughter, Mary, married to Lord Willlam Cecll, and to her de- scendants in the male line. She suc- ceeded, in due course, to his peerage and had_four soms, the eldest of whom, Willlam, a captain of the Grenadier Guards, fell at Mons in the very early stages of the great war, Yeaving a widow and two little boys. Lady Amherst of Hackney survived her eldest son until 1919, when she died, it was her little ndson Who sucoeeded to the Amherst of Hackney peerage as its third holder, King George, as a special act of grace, authorized the las ‘widowed mother to assume the title and rank of Lady Amherst of Hackney and the rank of peeress as if her husband had lived to succeed to his mother's honors. John Cecil was one of the late Baroness Amherst of Hackney ns. YO parhaps the very finest Gobelin tapestries ti have ever been brought to America, at a cost of over a mil- lion dollars, originally hung in_the ancestral Norfolkshire home of John Cecil, now at Washington. For his grandfather, the first Lord Amherst of Hackney, in the closing years of his life, met with overwhelming mis- fortunes, through no fault of hisown. kXK English noblemen, territorial mag- na and representativ: of old county families were, and to a great extent still are, in the habit of in- trusting the administration and con: trol of all of their investments, their securities, mortgages, etc, and of |} overything save the actual manage- ment of their landed property to their family lawyers, whose firm generally fias Deen jooking after the ' interests for generations. “Evf:ry now and again one of these firms goes to the wals ewing to the casion to comment on the very ridiculous situation that has develop- ed in the bread business during the last few weeks.” Since that letter was written the price of wheat flour has fallen con- siderably, but the cost of bread has rol changed. The situation continues ts side-splitting ridiculousness. It is as funny as a load of coal. * k% % Maybe it Is the fyn we are paying for, since there is only b cents worth of bread In a 9-cent purchase. Dr. O. ‘W. Holmes tells us “the true essen- t of a feast are only fun and feed. Please pass the fun; we will dispense With the “feed.” Yet somebody, ha sald: “A joke's a very serious thing, and it would go hard if the 4-cent »fun” should cause autointoxication. The fun is effervescent and inclined to g0 up as fast as the bread goes down. % kK x An Austrian professor who is teach- ing during the summer In Columbia College criticizes the American edu- catlonal system by saying the pro- fessors work too hard and the stu- dents too little. Evidently he has seen no foot ball game. * k% % The cables bring the information that 1,600 Americans are seeking di- vorces in Paris, since the laws there make it easler than in Reno. That 1s a new form of taking “French leave."—"P. P. C.* * x % % Chicagoans have offered the gov- ernment $1,000,000 as a guaranty of good faith In connection with thelr proposal to bulld a dam across St. Clalr river and Niagara river for the purpose of raising the water level high enough to divert some of the flow of the lakes into the drainage canal connecting Lake Michigan with the Mississippl river. It Is assumed that such a project would require the sanction of Con- gress, and just how the exploiters of the Windy city supposed the execu- tive officials of the government could commit the government to approval of their project is not clear. They are now en route to New England to lay the matter before Secretary Weeks. * k% ¥ The plan probably looks to making the connectlon between the Missis- sippi and the great lakes navigable for ocean-going ships, with the view also to extensive dredging of the river between St. Louls and the drain- age canal The mighty river has never ceased to fascinate men who dream of bring- ing the ocean to the heart of the con- tinent. The scheme of Chicago will have to compete W Duluth to m around NI Atlantic steamships in Lake Superior. * * x % Ten years prior to our war of 1512 with the British Thomas Jefferson proposed to join hands with Great Britain in a fight to possess the Mis- sissippi river, held at New Orleans by the French. He wrote to Livingston, our minister to Paris: “The day that France takes pos- session of New Orleans fixes the sen- tence which is to restrain her for- | ever within her low-water mark. It gesle the union of two nations, who, conjunction, sive possession of the ocean. From that moment we must Marry our- selves to the British fleet and nation.” A year later, when Jefferson tried to buy from the French the right to the port of New Orleans. Napoleon insisted on his taking the entire French possessions, simply because he wanted to navi- gate the Mississippi river. Something of the same appreciation of the father of waters pessists to this day, in spite of the competition of the ralil- roads and the great lakes. (Copyright, 1823, by P. V. Collins.) {John Cecil, Newly Named Secretary ssy, of Ancient Line inability of its younger partners to realize the obligations of an honored and trusted man, and to their de- velopment of expensive tastes entire- ly foreign to the notions and princi- Pples of their fathers and grandfathers, Ay a general rule, there 1s little or | no warning of the wreck and the people who have confided their affairs to their family lawyers awake to find them- selves ruined. So when Charles Cheston, the head of the firm of lawyers of the first Lord Amherst of Hackney, died very suddenly, it was found that he not only left no money of his own, but that all the bonds and securities con- fided to him by his clients, first and foremost among them Lord Amherst, had completely vanished, with noth- ing to show what had become of | them. Nor was this all. Lord Am- herst had been persuaded, very re- luctantly, to become one of the trus- tees of the widow and son of his old friend and Norfolkshire neighbor, An- drew Fountaine. Lord Amherst had directed his family lawyer to attend to his obligations as trustee, which, he was given to understand, were of a more or less nominal character. The sudden death of Lawyer Cheston and the discovery of his embezzle- ment of all Lord Amherst's securi- ties and tangible assets, brought to light the fact that he had, in the same way, done away with all the large Fountaine estate. Of the three trustees, one had died, and the sec-| ond one was a man of no assets, and 80 the entire burden of the loss fell upon Lord Amherst, and may be said to have completed ruin, necessi- tating the sale of all his wonderful treasures, including his Gobelin tap- {llustrative_ of the military of Louis XIV, which after adorning the walls of Didlington HaJl, the Amherst home in Norfolk- shire, for many generations, found their way to this country. (Lord Am- herst insisted upon all the debts against his estate, incurred through the dishonesty of his lawyer, being paid up in full, without any question of compromise.) * ok ok X They included an extraordinary col- lection of treasures thus sold by or- der of Lord Amherst of Hackney. Egyptian antiquities obtained from excavations carried out in his behalf, and at his expense, at Tel-el-Amarna, in 1892, by Howard Carter (later on the associate of poor Lord Carnarvon) and by Prof. Petrie, on the site of that remarkable ¢ity built by the her- etlc Pharaoh, Amenhopis IV, about a_ couple of thousand years before Christ. Many of these treasures, and especially the contents of the won- derful library at Didlington Park, came to America and are to be found in the collections of J. Pierpont Mor- gan and of Henry Huntington. ‘While this dishonesty of the law- yer, Cheston, almost ruined old Lord |P Amherst of Hackney, it, neverthe- less, left his eldest daughter and suc- cessor in fairly affluent circumstance: through the metropolitan holdings o! Hackney, which formed part of the entalled estate, and could not, there- fore, be allenated. Moreover, as it is easehold property and the leases are constantly falling in and calling for either renewal or surrender with all the buildings erected on the land, it means that young Lord Amherst of tains Bl majority, will fnd himselt tal s W im: as one of the big ground landlords of London, a very rich man. 3 of | can maintain exclu- | includiug New | Orleans, and he took the great west | ¥, JULY 28, 1923, The Library Table That only youth has the courage to read or write tragedy has often been said and seems to be more or less true. As most persons advance to old age they shrink more and more from facing reality, or at least from dwell- ing wpon it. In their reading, their music and their theater-going they seek to escape from the real to the !1deal. The young and those in thelr prime may enjoy Balsac and Zola and “Hamlet” and “King Lear,” but those on the threshold of old age will usually prefer Dumas and Scott and “As You Like It” and “Twelfth Night.” A woman of sixty-five sald to me the other day “I can no longer bring my- self to read the Russian novelists, though I used to enjoy them. I feel that I must have in my reading ideals, beauty, hope and some humor. Life is 8o hard that one must get away from it in one’s reading.” I believe that is a very general attitude. Of course, there are persons who are able 1o preserve to the end of their lives the impersonal, world point of view and can appreciate all literature for its intrinsic value, but the ma- Jjority feel the need of something to counteract the growing sadness of life, and look for it in literature. For this reason “the intellectuals” should not be too hard upon the readers of Zane Grey, Harold Bell Wright, Ethel Dell, Rider Haggard, Anna Katharine Green and Joseph Lincoln. * k% % A volume, entitled “These United States,” edited by Ernest Gruening. contains a collection of monographs on twenty-seven states, written by distinguished authors who are na- tives of the various states. Some of the chapters are eulogles of the beau- tles or the achlevements of certain states; others are frankly destructive of some of the traditional ideas re- garding some states. Zona Gales writes of Wisconsiu, Robert Herrick of Maine, Mary Austin of Arizona, H. |L. Mencken of Maryland, Sherwood Anderson of Ohlo, Wililam Allen White of Kansas and Dorothy Can- fleld Fisher of Vermont. The chap- ters appeared originally in the Na- tion. "It is understood that there will_be a second series, and that the District of Columbla will be in- cluded—even though it is not a state. * k k% The creation of Utoplas is a pleas- ant pastime for many who find the oxisting world a far from satisfac- | tory place. H. G. Wells is the most | | persistent of Utopia manufacturers. His latest book, “Men Like Gods," is on the highest level he has yet reached In writing books of this type, and undoubtedly the modern reader will find this new Utopla of his more interesting and more plausi- ble than those created by Plato and {Sir Thomas More. The hero of this Wells romance is Mr. Barnstaple, editor of the Liberal, who i tired out from too much work and too much family, and starts off in his roadster, the Yellow Peril, for an aimless va- cation. Only a short distance from ihis home, on the Bath road, he rounds |a corner’ and suddenly enters Utopla. | Then his adventures and instruction begin. Some of the things which do not exist in this “happyland” are private property, politics, national boundaries, business competition and | central government. “Our education {1s our government.” the Utoplan says. Doing away with national boundaries {has ended war, and there {8 “peace on ! jearth.” As the overcrowding of the world was the fundamental cause of all _evils, this has been done away with in Utopfa by birth control, and consequently there are no defectlves, criminals, lunatics, cripples or pau- pers. and no police, prisons or asy- lums. Mr. Wells' picture iv that of {an ideal world state, with education {as its foundation. * % True stories of wild animal life, drawn from much personal experi- {ence, form the greater part of Wil- {llam J. Long's “Mother Nature: A |Study of Animal Life and Death.” Mr. Long disputes the scientific the- |ory that wartare is the rule of ex- i istence in animal life. His observa- tions have convinced him that in their native surroundings wild ani- mals are not engaged in continual struggle but live in a state of co- operation. He uses as illustrations jthe wolf in his family pack and the jelephant in his herd. This theory is, of course, a direct challenge to the Darwinian theory of the struggle for existence and the survival of the fittest. * k k% The records of real lives in the form of letters, blographies and mem- olrs, have always been to me the most interesting type of the litera- ture of fact. We all have our favor- lite biographies. Mine are Boswell's ife of Samuel Johnson,” Trevel- van's “Life and Letters of Lord | Macaulay,” Lockhart's “Memoirs of the Life of SirqWalter Scott,” Mrs. Gaskell's “Life of Charlotte Bronte, Leonard Huxley's “Life and Letters of Thomes Huxley,” the “Letters of Robert Browning and Elizabeth Bar- rett,” the “Memoirs” of Sajnt Simon, the Moneypenny and Buckle “Life of Disraell” and Beveridge's “Life of {John Marshall.” In his chapter on biographies in his “Confessions of a Booklover,” Maurice Francis Egan }strated the possibility of success, and ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS By Frederic J. Haskin Q. Has Washington the most tele- phones per capita.—J. T. A. The Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company says that Wash- ington is thirteenth in the list. At- lantic City f{s first, with 33.7 tele- phones to every 100 Inhabitants. Washington has 22.8 to every 100. Q. Was the Shriners' convention at Washington (1923) the largest con- vention held by them, representing the largest number of temples’— K. C F. A. The Almi Temple says that while it is known to have been the largest convention, with the most temples represented, the actual fig- ures are not yet available. Q. Who is the writer whose arti- cles appear in The Evening Star un-| der the name “Marquise de Fonte- noy"?—R. A. M. A. The column is written by (Phil- ip) Frederick Cunliffe-Owen. He wai born in London, England, in 1855; one of the editors of the New York Tri- bune since 1889; vice president of Pllgrims’ Society of America; director | St. George's Soclety, New York; holds high offices in many foreign orders. He is author of Ex-Attache, Fonte- noy, Veteran Diplomat—series of let- ters, and contributor to Nineteenth Century, Fortnightly, Contemporary, North American Review. Q. Where was the duel between John Randolph and Henry Clay fought?—F. C. L. A. In Virginia near the western end of Chain bridge, on April 3, 1826. Q. How many greenhouses there in this country?—C. C. H. A. There are about 17,000 estab- lishments using some type of forcing structure for the production of plants, flowers and vegetables. An area of some 3,300 acres is covered with glass and it takes from 250 to 500 tons of coal to heat each acre. are Q. How many countries have wom-| en as rulers>—J. M. B. | A. There are three woman rulers in their own right in the world— Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands; Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxem- | burg, and Waizeru Zauditu, Empress of Abyssinta. Q. How large are cameras made?— L. 3. F. A. Whit is believed to be the larg- est camera is in the Interior Depart- ment building, in Washington. It is used by the Geological Survey to pho- tograph maps and charts. It weighs three and a half tons and makes pic- tures one yard square. Q. Why is the word “mush” applied to driving dog teams’—g. F. C. A M is the short form of “mush on,” which is a corruption of the French word “marchons” (let us march). This was the cry of voyageurs and coureurs de bois to thelr dogs. Q. What is the maximum rangs of the largest guns on United States battleships?—C. M. A. The maximum range of the 16- inch guns is 50,000 yards. Q. How many panies are there States?—F. J. M. A. In 1921, the latest year for which figures are available here, there were 127 establishments in the United | States engaged primarily in the pro- | duction of motion pictures, eighty- | three being cilassified as producers motion picture com- in ‘the United of motion pictures and forty-four as producers of projection films. Q. How many dope flends are there in this country?—G. L. C. A. It is estimated that in May 1922, there were in the United States approximately 1,000,000 confirmed drug addicts” and 4,000,000,000 “sub- Jected to addlction Q. Is former terior Ballinger living?—R. C. A. Richard A. Ballinger, ecretary of the In- o former }Secretary of the Interior, died June 6, 1922, at Seattl Q. Where J. PG A. New Caledonia is the suthern- most island of the Malanesian group and a colony of France, about $50 miles from the coast of Australi It has an area of 7,650 square miles and a population of 52,718. It was formerly a penal settiement, but no convicts have been sent there since is New Caledonia {1890, Q. What coloring_matter has the greatest strength?—M. P. D. A. Comparative figures on that sut Ject that would be comprehensive ar not available. It is sald, however that sclentists have demonstrated that a single grain of indigo will color & ton of water. Q. What is the unmined supply of anthracite coal In this country.- e A. Engineers estimate that there remalins a little 1 than 15,000,000 000 tons of anthracite in the FPenn sylvania flelds. The total anthracite reserve of the world ds 542,103,000,000 tons, of which 427,000,000,000 tons are in China. Q. When were public employment agencles first established?—H. G. A. The first governmental emplos- ment bureau originated in France In 1848 one such burcau was estab- lished In each of the mairles of Paris. The first agency of the kind in England was opened in 1885, and the first in this country in Ohio five years later., Q. Do I have to get a-passport t go to Canada? D. M A. A passport is unnecessary Q. What is meant by black ice ar blue ice? M D B A. Mountaineers distinguish be tween ice formed by the freezing of pools and streams—calli “black”—and the granular * made of compacted Snow. Q. Is the water at the top or the bottom of the ocean purer? T. P. A. There is little difference. The water at the bottom contains a littl: more carbon dioxide. Q. Where is the largest swimming pool in the world? c.io. A. Madison Square Garden, New York city, claimssthe distinction having the largest pool in the world Q. What is meant by a church ale K.C.C A. This was the predecessor of the church or village fair. It was a fe, tival held upon some anniversary or annually. In England, the gathering was in the churchyard or near the church, and the beverage served was ale. (Let The Star answer you Address your inquiry to Th mation Bureau, Frederic J Director, 1220 North Capitol There is no charge cxcept 2 stamps for return postage.) ’ questions Star Infor- Haskin street cents in EDITORIAL DIGEST The Man Was Competent. It Was | the Machine Which Was Weak. It was the machine that failed, not the man. ‘This about sums up the conclusions of the editors of the country as they analyze the remarkable flight of Lieut. Russell L. Maughan from New York to the Rockies between dawn and late afternoon of a single day. He de- served better luck, they insist, and the majority point out carefully what such a flight would mean to the de- fense of the twin coast lines in the event of a war. It is ‘something to dazzle the gen- eral mind,” insists the Albany Knick- erbocker Press, and “awe is inspired by such a feat. What. then, i to be the limit of the possible when con- fronted by the intelligence, the cour age and the faithfulness of man? Whether there is another attempt this yvear, the Baltimore Sun points out, the last one conclusively demon- it holds “nothing will be lost by mak- ing the third trial when the chances of success are more, instead of less, favorable.” The effort is “to test the machine, not the man,” as the Pitts- burgh Sun sees it, and it declares “g public schooled to expect the seem- ingly impossible will remain confl- ent of triumph.” Maughan is the ‘man for the effort,” the Norfolk Ledger-Dispatch points out, inasmuch “ag a member of the air forces In the world war he shot down five Gérman planes and showed possession of the fearlessness and cold nerve which long distance flights so uncertain For purposes of testing mechanical development the transcontinental a transoceanic flight are not necessary They will follow as a matter of course when planes have been so perfected that long-distance flights are practicable.” The Lynchburg News believes demonstratiorfs to date indicate s cess in the near future and fecls “his third attempt will be watched with interest and with the good wishes of all for his success.” is is also_the view of the Utica Ol server Dispatch, which sugge: is just such efforts as this of Maughan's that will make the coast- to-coast flight possible. The struct- ural weakness of the machine is shown by these prolonged flights, and one by one will be guarded against. The oil tank of the next machina which essays the flight will not leak.” Indorsing this opinion the Lynchburg Advance holds that “lessons have been learned which will prove va uable for future experiments, and since aviators have demonstrate their endurance in long flights, ti next step is to bring the flying chines up to a standard where they can stand the strain of all-day fiying.” The very fact that Maughan him- self says “it can be done, means that it will be done,” argues the Milw. kee Journal, and he also already shown “that Army air craft can he sent In & single day from Florida to Panama, and. it is not unlikely that the Army officers were more keenly interested in demonstrating this fact than in the fiight from coast to coast Going a trifie farther, the Wheeling e to drive his plane through g::l:ri); 2tihe fearful speed of meariy an hour.” zogflmlnltuhe has not already succeeded is no fault of his” asserts the St. Joseph News Press, as “he was equal to the task. It was a case of human endurance proving superfor to that of aluminum and steel. However, the gives an Interesting and varied list of his favorites. They include “Let- ters to People in the World,” by Francis de Sales, the Madame de Sevigne, of Saint Simon, the Cardinal: de Rets, the Saint Vincent de Paul (which he s: ho ‘“adores”), the “Autoblography” of Benjamin Franklin, the “Autobi- ography” of Anthony Trollope, the i “Memoirs” of Gouverneur Morris, Pepy's “Diary,” Cardinal Newman’ “Apologia pro Vita Sua” the “Le ters” of Willlam James and “The Education of Henry Adams. * % ¥ X The excavation of the tomb of Tut- ankhamen and resultant interest in his character, life and period seem likely to produce a body of literature comparalje to Caesarian or Alexan- drian literature, and, when historical material fails, a Tut myth may easily come Into existence. A native of Al- exandria, Egypt, with an English and French education, named Bishara Nahas, has just written a book called “THe Life and Times of Tutahkh- amen.” I do not know the qualifica- tions of the writer for dealing with the subject, but whether or not they are scholarly, the book is readable. It gives much interesting informa- tion about the ™history, myths and customs of.ancient Egypt, as well as a vivid sketch-of the life and person- ality of Tutakhamen. Some of the subjects treated are the dynastic sys- tem of rule; the conquests, power and wealth of the Pharaohs; the sig- nificance of their monuments; the mode of mr{dw life among kings and le; funeral festivities and rocet of mummification. One ch;fitor 1s devoted to excavation work in Egypt. * ok k% Two plays by Leonid Ondreyev|ST amson in Chains” and “Katerina,” are soon to be published and will be produced on Broadway: Concerning “Samson in Chains” Andreyev once wrote in a letter that he considered it a real tragedy, which very néarly fulfilled his ideal, namely, At & tragedy sho a w) both hauer 2nd his mald would cry at the same time. he trials have been well worth the thaer money and thought bestowed Register suggests the trip “was a su cess because it not only demonstrates that a coast-to-coast flight Is po: sible from dawn to dusk, but that, with more perfect machines, the av tion forces of the nation ¥ mobilized at any given coastal point within twelve to fifteen hours, ready to enter into combat with Invaders either by sea or by sky. He: then, lies the strength of the American d upon them. They have disclosed cer- tain flaws and inventors will be in- spired to renewed efforts by the dis- covery of these flaws.” This {s very much the opinion of the Springfield State Journal, which also feels “it is reasonable to expect that the re- sult of the two fallures will be a rengthening of parts so that within a short time we will read of the spanning_of the continent in con- Secutive hours of daylight.” He “dis- played the true Army spirit” as the Tafayette Journal-and Courler sees it, in announcing “he will try again when he is granted permission.” But if the flight must be made every precaution should be taken to prevent accident, the Geneva Times insist: as it “dislikes to see Lieut. Maugh Tisk his life straining to do a thing which can bring no good save to demonstrate that it can be done.” This is along the line of the opinion voiced by the Waterbury Republican, Which feels “the successful trans. continental flight, lfke the trans- oceanic flight, is still only a spec- tacular plece of luck. It has little relation to real achlevement in avia- tion. That now consists in the me- chanical development that will elimi- hate the weaknesses that make the nate the weaknesses that make the Superiority of Race ! Not Matter of Color To the Editor of The Star. You published in Monday's Star what were alleged to-be my views on certain great principles which I cannot allow to go without correc- tion, as I do not want to be repre- sented as reflecting on a worthy peo- ple. On the race subjectT sald: “The ‘white race has been dominant in a eat many years of history, and nat- urally feels it is superior. But su- eriority does not consist in being gorn with a white face. And if white race is to make good its boast- ed superfority it must be superior in industry, intelligence, helpfulness and morality,” That statement contains no reflection on any race, but corrects wrong ideas of what makes for supe- riority in many minds. i F. W. JOHNSON, Putort Grace Baptist Church. o tense.” “Each mark of improvement new potentiality in case of future war,” the Louisville Times holds, as “the military folk are looking to the air for offense and defense. The sur- face craft is losing its hold on mastery of the seas. Aircraft per- formed well in the world war, but its terrors were not realized as picture:l This realization is for the future Fleets of war planes that cross continent in a day will change whole aspect of things military When that time comes the Boston Transcript feels “a large part of the credit will go to Lieut. Maughan, who has blazed the way. In him the na tion hails a brave pioneer of the air, who always puts the cause above r nown.” Because this is so the Kans: City Post says he “should be given permissio! to make other attempts and fnsists he “has won glory in his failures.” The Salt Lake Deseret News agrees that “victory and honor already are his. In a Few Words. i I cannot imagine a more awfut thing than a club that discusses pro- hibitibn and_the league of nations. —LORD ROBERT CECIL. There arc sixty nations fin the world and thirty of them ase poten- tial enemies of this country. The whole world fears that it is about to become the vassal of our money power. = —MRS. CARRIE CHAPMAN CATT. There may be some consolation in knowing that nothing we can say or do, eat or drink, will alter our evo- lutionary destiny. —SIR ARTHUR KEITH. The Russian peasant is the bul- wark of the present Moscow govern- ment and he has made more prog- ress 4n flve years of sovietism than under one thousand years of czars. —SENATOR BROOKHART. The Englishman is probably more ; jealous of the rights of the individual t::n thle"cullen of any country in the worl —SENATOR A. O. STANLEY (Ken., ¢