Evening Star Newspaper, July 7, 1923, Page 6

'THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SATURDAY.... THEODORE W. NOYES........Editor ....July 7, 1838 factors of the great strike of 1902, which was settled by President Roose- public or the civil service system it might be just as well to let him re- velt. It has bobbed up In every cther | main there. controversy since then. It is an un- settled pgnt that will probably con- tinue to ggp coal producers Indefinitely unless the grinciple is finally accepted that the operating companies are to R e e Tho Evening Star Newspaper Company | become the fiscal agents of the unions Business Office, 11th St.,and Pennaylvania Ave. New York Office: /110 Eagt (300 L] jce: Towe: G ‘Buropean Offce: 16 Regont W London. England. The Evenl ition, in delivered by &t 80 cents per mionth; month: Bunday only, 30 ers may be sent 5000. - Collectlon fs m end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1yr., $8. Daily only 1yr., $6.00; 1 ma Sunday only 1yr., $2.40; 1 mo., 20c rriers within the citr iy only, 45 ce: nts per mont All Other States. Daily and Sunday..1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 85c Daily onl. 60c Sunday onl. Member of the Associated Press. The Assoclated Press is cxclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news pub- tished hereln. Al rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. —_—— England and the Entente. Anxiety on the score of Great Brit- ain’s possible withdrawal from the en- tente in the matter of German repara- tions is probably inspired more by dread of the evils to flow from such a separation than by reckoning of the real likelihood of that action. In other words, such @ move is so feared that it seems now imminent, whereas, in point of fact, the ills almost certain to flow from a breach are calculated to prevent it. It would seem that the particular point of dissatisfaction in London just now lies in the fact that France in sists upon stating her case verbally through her ambassador, instead of committing it to writing in a formal statement. The French case has been stated repeatedly, and there would ap- pear to be no strong reason why it should be stated again. But the Brit- i8h government insists, and is inclined to be particular about the matter of the statement. 1f Great Britain withdraws from the entente—which.would be the effect of the action reported to be in contempla- tion—and deals directly with Germany in the matter of reparations she as- sumes a very grave responsibility. This would affect the interests of not only France and Belgium. but of Italy as well, and of the other nations which formed the great association opposed to the central powers during the war. The interests of Belgium and France in this matter are the heaviest. Those countries were seriously most damaged by the Germans in the course | of their four years of occcupation Their reparation needs are the most urgent. They now in the Ruhr because. as they contend. iermany has defaulted in paymeni™ and is meking no sincere effort 22 the satis- faction of her obligations. The passive resistance mintained by Germany as a matier of fixed policy has become an active resistance through sabotage of varfous Trains are derailed. lives are taken, industrial equipment is destroved. It is expected that the German chancel lor will in @ formal manner disavow this active campaign in order to strengthen the”'policy of passive re- sistance. But such a. disavowal will not improve the situation. 1t will not oause the French and Belgians to withdraw from the Ruhr, nor will it contribute any assurance of ,payment Separate negotiations between Great Britain and Germany would be, in ef- fect, an abandonment of the treaty of Versailles. Tt would leave the Bel- gians and the French free to pursue their own course. It would encourage Germany to further resistance of one sort or another. It would probably lead to increased pressure by France and Belgium. It might lead to war. And in case of war Great Britain would be in a most embarrassing and difficult position, far more so than France and Belgium. For she would ar be unable, short of absolute treachery | 1o the obligations she incurred when she entered the war in 1914, to take Star, with the Sunday moraing Ber , or telephone Main by carriers at the = e kmdS-;whne the more radical factors with- | “federated | in the collection of dues, and virtually that no man is to be maintained on the rolls unless he is & member of the union in good standing. Back of this demand for the “‘check- off” is a condition that has been the cause of serious concern to the union leaders. After a settlement of a wage controversy, whether marked by a strike or net, there is almost in- variably a steady falling off invunion membership; that is, in the payment of dues. Having obtained in whole or in part their demands for betterments, many of the miners feel that they no longer need to maintain their status in the union and slack off in#&heir pay- ments. There is a period of lean union treasury between contract set- tlements. Then when the time for re- newal of negotiations approaches, when a new fight is in prospect, the miners rejoin, though they do not, as a rule, pay up their back dues, in order to get the benefits of such in- creases as may result from the nego- tiutions or the strike. If the “‘check-off’”” system is adopted the union dues arve stabilized. The union treasury is kept filled. The re- sources of the organization for pay- ment of strike benefits are well main- tained. The companies have not il- logically contended that they should not be required thus to supply “‘sinews of war” to the potential enemy. The operators will probably make strenu- ous opposition to the ‘“‘check-off” this vear, as they have in the past, and that issue may be the breaking point of the negotiations which are now starting at Atlantic City, and upon the outcome of which depends in such large measure the public welfare. The Radical Subdivision. Chicago has been the scene of a | comewhat familiar process this week n the meeting of a group, or group of groups of would-be third-party makers. Called together as the farmer-labor party. with delegates from a widely {variant range of individual organiza- tions, the $00 or so delegates found themselves unable to agree upon a platform. tors soon appeared and endeavored to take charge of the gathéring. One of these was W. Z. Foster, who was re- tion in a subversive movement, with the result of a hung jury. Another was his associate. Ruthenberg,who was convicted in that state on the same { charge. These and others, who alw: | turn up at meetings of the discontent- {ed, manipulated the preliminary com- mittee meetings and presented plat- | form resolutions so inflammatory in nature that the more conservative delegates, particularly those of the |real “dirt-farmer” type, balked. After | | !testing the meeting split, and the farmer-labor forces held their ground, drew to organize the farmer-labor party.” Again and again has this phenom- |litical history. The radical elements cannot and never have been able to {agree. For there are only a very few { who want the extreme, and they can- not sway the majority. There are de- | grees of dissent. The Foster-Ruthen- | berg dissent is of the violent type, { communistic and sovietist. The true | farmer dissent is more constructive, and seeks a betterment of conditions without the destruction of the funda- mentals of good government. Even in the ranks of the extremists who now form the so-called federated { party are differences. There are those who want the full and final plunge {into sovietism of the Russian kind. {Then, again, there are those who {would go only half way. Eventually these will clash, and @ break in the | “federated” lines is to be expected. It has often been said that it would be well for the United Stites if all the radicals of the extreme type could Certain highly radical fac- | cently tried in Michigan for participa- | | some héurs of maneuvering and pro- | enon been presented in American po- | | | { | any part in such a war calculated to | pe prought into the open and counted, | weaken the efforts of France and Bel- | by means of an election, with an un- | gium to obtain justice. | mistakably communistic platform and | These considerations will probably | candidate presented. Perhaps as a re- | prevail at London. A breach precipi-{ gyt of this Chicago break-up and of i ¥ tated by insistence upon a writter | the Jater disintegrations in the radical declaration instead of a verbal repeti- | groups that are almost certain to oc- tlon of often-stated principles by |cyyr there will be such a line-up in France will surely not be carried t011924 that will present a dependable the point of a break that would leave | reckoning of the real strength of England exposed to condemnation by | yjtra-radicalism in the country. That the nations of the world allied in the | jt will be a very small percentage of four years' fight against German ag-|(he people is well assured. gression and the four and a half years’ fight for German reparation. i Chicago will become a world port, i her first ship leaving for England on Ku Klux activities are becoming | August 15. The oecasion is one of sufficiently prominent in New Jersey {such historic importance that disap- to be regarded as regular features of | pointment may be felt it Chicago the summer resort season. i neglects to arrange for a trial trip that will at least permit a view of the scenery along the shores of Lake Michigan. The old American idea of stand-pat politics is receiving a great deal of ,serious consideration: in German statesmenship. Nothing has been said, even in the midst of some curt criticism, to con- tradict the well impressed fact that H a fine large ship. The “Check-Off” Issue. A joint conference is in session at | the Leviathan is Atlantic City between the scale com- mittee of the anthracite miners and| Enslish interposition in the relations the general committee of operators, It |of France and Germany is not wel- is to consider the demands of the|comed as it was when the world war workers for a 20 per cent wage in.|Pecame inevitable. crease, a $2 daily advance for day men, abolition of the twelve-hour day, The Washington Statue. “‘closed shop” throughout the union| The George Washington equestrian field and introduction of the check-off, | statue will soon be set back upon its These are the important and outstand- | pedestal in Washington Circle. It has ing features of the union proposals|been repaired at Brooklyn and will be which John L. Lewis, the national | shipped to Washington within a few president of the, miners' union, of-{days. Little or nothing is heard now fered, which, he said, ““‘do not in them- | of ‘the proposal put forth early last selves constitute ironclad demands, |spring that the Washington statue be nor are they to be received as an ulti- | get up in Lafayette Square and that matum. - the Jackson statue be erected in This statement by Lewis is to be in. | Washington Circle. The proposal terpreted as an invitation to negotiate. | brought many persons to their feet It suggests that there is a leeway in |in protest. the demands; that, in fact, the de-| Old democrats of ‘the Jacksonian mands are a “maximum” and that & | brand, or who said that they were of gompromise is possible. the Jacksonian brand, denounced the * Reference to the “‘check-off” is per- | project. Democrats of various modern heps the crux of the matter. .The |kinds demanded that Jackson be “check-off” is the system whereby the | kept on guard close to the White operating company in effect recog-|House. Republicans thought that as ‘nizes the union by compelling all its |long as Jackson had ridden his rear- workers to pay the union dues. This|ing horse in Jackson Square or La- _hes been a long-standing issue in the | fayétte Park for about seventy years phthrecits fetd. It was one of thelwithout damage to the American re- e it v, o 7 5 2 3 Old Washingtonians who never voted for a demoecratic candidate for President or for any other candidate for’ President felt that image-breakers and statue-movers were going too far in the interest of art. They demanded that Washington and Jackson stay put. Sons and daughters of Tennes- see and members of Congress from that state told the President that they were out for the scalp of any man who would dare to lay an irreverent finger on the bronze effigies of Andrew Jack- son and his horse. President Harding said that there had been no official proposal to move Jackson to Washington Circle and that no such change would be made with- out authority from Congress: All is ‘well. The Clark Mills statue of George ‘Washington will be glad to get home to Washington Circle, and the Clark Mills statue of Jackson feels content that it is not to be forced to leave its old home. Everybody is satisfled. But this and other things ought to be taken as a ‘warning by persons who want to move monuments. There was the case of the Lincoln monument” in front of the courthouse. Certain persons thought that its standard of art was not up to its surroundings and it was banished. Friends of Lot Flannery’s Lincoln, and there was a host of them, rose in re- volt. The statue has been replaced and it will soon be rededicated. ———————— Gov. Smith-is hailed by Tammany Hall as “the next President.” Luther Burbank has had a chaplet of flowers pressed upon his brow by falr hands in honor of his achievements, and Irene Castle has decided that her hus- band is in reality too good & sport to be summarily divorced. It is the sea- son for genial compliment in all cir- cles. —_————————— Managers report that melancholy conditions abroad have not prevented the customary supply of amusing European novelties for the coming theatrical season. It is the old story of Pierrot who must forget his own sorrows in order to make others laugh. ———— The political peace of Europe would be more secure if Turkey were to mod ernize her customs and let the fez stand for mirth and good fellowship. In some lines of labor wages have become so high that work once Fe- garded as a necessity begins to be contemplated as a luxury. Cuba has a varied assortment of available political complications, and s not disposed to add the wet-or-dry question to the list. Immigrants have been numerously inclined to secure American money and advice by coming over here and working for it. Another problem before the public demanding innocent amusement as well as sustenance is the high coft of prize fighting. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSOX Solitude. 1 hinted for a lonely place ‘Where 1 might pass the day { Unnoted by the human race In moods of fun or fray— T found a still, secluded spot That Peace should call its own. But soon 1 found that T was not By any means alone! A rabbit challenged me to race, A bee sang out, “Beware A quail strode by with quiet grace And whistled free from care. A bird its way with song pursued In an exaltant tone, T thought to dwell in solitude, Yet T was not alone! Though for days 1 dwelt apart From scenes of mortal woe, A thousand asked mie at the start If 1 were friend or foe— { Although the quest my steps might | bring To Earth’s most distant zone, I'd find at last there's no such thing As being quite alone! Jud Tunkins says a man who gets rough in trying to educate the masses is liable to find himself condemned to solitary refinement. Information on Top. “There is no excuse for anybody's not being well informed.” “No," replied Farmer Corntossel; not as long as the telephone com- panies are willin® to keep on supplyin’ families with party wires.” Mnemonics. “I could not forego a great laugh at Henrietta's expense this morning,” re- marked Mr. Meekton with an air of secrecy. “She always ties a string on my finger in the morning to remind me of some errand. This morning she forgot where she put the string.” Conservation of Effort. If ail we mortals needed here below On trees should grow, How many men too indolent would be To shake the tree! Art For Art's Sake. “Rafferty,” said Mr. Dolan; “how would you like to git several hundred thousand dollars fur fightin'?"" * * It's too much to hope, for & men in my circumstances. I'll just have to go on_bein’ satisfled with the pleas- ure of the occasion. A Tactful Ostracism. " " “What has become of Three-Finger Sam!' “He's bein’ run for sheriff,” replied Cactus Joe. “Why he had the reputation of being one of the wildest specimens in the Gulch!" ‘But he takes offense if he catches us avoidin’ him. We fig. gered that mebbe it we could load him up with a legal responsibility to stop others froni drinkin’ an’' gamblin’ he'd quit tryin’ to participate personal.” ““When a man needs a parade to re- mind him dat he loves his country, sald Uncle Eben; “his patrictism gits to be (ike a tune dat has to have & brass band to play It.* 1 ' CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS Five years is & short time for an idea to spread across a continent and start 3,000 new Institutions. There was a woman in. Washing- ton—not a professor of economics or civics, not a scholar versed in all the abstruse histories of government, but a kindergarten teacher—who evolved the idea that immigrants were too valuable “raw material” to be allowed to drift about. Time will come when Miss Maude E. Aiton will be recognized with such American women as Miss Frances E. Willard, Mrs. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Miss Clara Barton, Mrs. Lucretia Mott and Mrs. Harrlet Beecher Stowe —outstanding leaders in the uplift of humanity. Miss Aiton's idea has the apprecia- tion of Chief Justice McCoy and his associates of the District Supreme Court. It has also been adopted and supported by -the Department of Labor. and, through that sanction and the support of the Soclety of the Daughters of the American Revolution, has been transplanted. throughout the United States. It {s financed, although inadequately now because of its rapid ( ‘growth, by an appropriation of Con- gress, to carry it on in the District of Columbia. Elsewhere ‘it is supported locally, chiefly by the D. A R. R It has awakened great enthusiasm for the intelligent Americanization of aliens, and thousands of men and women of all ages and degrees of ecducation in their native countries are being shaped and developed into reasoning, enlightened and apprecia- tive Americans. Miss Alton, who was the originator of the idea, is the Washington principal and the na- tional inspiration of the work. * x % % The teaching of the En: guage is one of the first but, perhaps, some of the pupil. forget that they are acquiring & new lan- guage, since the lessons bear upon the interesting history of the coun- try, its heroic personages, its insti- tutions of government and its soclal customs and ideals. They get the language as an infant does, by using today's vocabulary in talking about whatever {s most interesting—how Congress is elected. what happens when the President vetoes a bill, how | the veto affects the interests of the people, how railroads are controlled. etc. ok < lan- One of the finest achievements of the work lies in helping foreign-born mothers to keep pace with their childreh. The youngsters are in the public_schools, and in a very short time they begin to speak English and to know_something about A ican ways. This knowledge is elgn” to the parents—especially to the shut-in mother. Tt is natural that the youth who can talk in a language unknown to his mother should have a feeling that he is much smarter than she is. She is humiliated by her child, who be- gins soon to be ashamed of her—to rebel at parental control, to become disrespectful. disobedient, deflant of all authority. That is a state almost impossible in the “old country.” He is headed toward the same deflance of governmental as of parental law. To save the oncoming generation, the first step is to save the parents from { tying looked down upon by their own { children. | | * ok % ¥ In Washington there are not only day schools, but also night schools and home Instruction, and house- | gatherings of mothers at many | points. One German mother of ten children gets up at 4 o'clock in the morning fn order to get her family off to school, and then she attends the ! Americanization School, so that her ichildren shall not become “smarter” | than their mother. But seldom can motherstleave their i homes to attend even an American- School. _They want to learn {the language. but household duties {tie their hands and feet. Tn one part of Washington there is a group of Itallans who have a com- munity kitchen, where the mothers {go every morning to do their family {Baking. Later in the day their hus- bands come there to get their meals, for the men are emploved in bakeries, * at other night work. No time for uch hard workers to go to school. but one of Miss Aiton's very tactful assistants is assigned to spend about fwo hours a day as a “visitor and ad- viser” at that community kitchen. Wonderful problems are brought to | that and so _they have great discu: about how things are best done in America. They can't spare the time to go to school, but the school comes right into their community kitchen and into their in- ‘most lives. ' The Race Now Is in the Air Not on| the Sea or Land. Competitive air fleet construction is to replace the almost forgotten race for naval supremacy. That is the construction placed on Premier Bald- win's announcement of British plans to meet French dominance in the air. And editors, remembering the days preceding the late war, look with ape prehension on the latest development. “Competitive air fleet building among the great powers overseas would be portentous for world peace, insists the Philadelphia Bulletin. The time may yet come when the ratio principle invoked to halt capital ship rivalry may be applied to this new situation, PO sibly again on American initiative.”” There can be no disguising that it is “fear of France” that impels tire British pro- gram, as the St. Louls Post-Dispatch sees it, and the Dispatch lntz\:‘i:‘ea. ;:n ory is competition be- {}:’.elhthé::l:’:&‘ :{nd France (nl'1 tl:e mastery of the r‘.li"h’la"‘-‘i?.“'r‘:d.,..‘.’ ::evv:lnloor:;:tltkon in_which England and Germany engaged?’ To which the New York Sun repli ‘England’s Mosent Increase of interest and activ- ty js merely the IDpHL‘IMor; of 1?1:'. mon sense to & &\;eguon nvolving he’;h“o.‘lvl::',l.dl. fhe Boaton Globe insist g "scarcely prepared for the pic pre] hose youth was ture of two nations w! N as spilled acro: of ‘}'&‘1‘ u,lym: hills of the Somm Orer the shattered slopes of the Cham- pagne, and_salong the death-haunted Phadows of the lower Meuse, now arming, officially one against the other’ Which leads th ‘Times-Union to asl ‘Have the learned nothing from the terrible sacrifices of the world war? The air- craft rivalry between two nations so closely assoclated as France and Great Britain is an ugly .reminder that only effective organization for international co-operation can vent a return of that ‘armed peac which directly preceded the great ‘war. The New York Post recalls that “ten year: ‘Germany was th danger. Today there are American who believe that France is the dan o) ‘After the ‘next war’ and the x.tut of ch aspirations it may be that Great Britain or Italy will be the danger. There stretches out a vista of successive militarist villains in Europe whom we can reproach while mischief is brewing and whom we shall have to help beat down when the mischief is let loose. That is the real entanglement oconfronting us as long as we shrink from the ‘entangle- ments’ of ration for peac e Boston Transcript does not see tual th lenace to the ;"uye- of the.world Tefi‘. new British | 1 l % { agement and the arousing of his self- i Very often the “adviser” has to show the men how to make out their applications for naturalization pa pers. Then it is discovered that the 1 requires that the allen seeking naturalization must be able to answer certain gquestions and to know the language, and to know the Declara- tion of Independence and the con- struction of our government. Their Bood friend, the young lady “visitor,” whom they have come to know so well at the community kitchen, shows them and teaches what they want to learn and explains the difficult lan- Buage. ~ She does it all so tactfully and sympathetically that they forget to be frightened, when, one day, the Jjudge visits the school and listens Wwhile they talk “America.”” Even if he asks them some questions, they already know the answers. They get their naturalization papers so easily that they never think what a terror the old-time examination in court used to be for their fellow countrymen. Merely certification of fitness by the ~Americanization School is ail that the justices now require—it is 80 much more reliable than a verbal examination of frightened allens in court. No cold beads of perspiration trickle down the brows of the stu- dents when they stand before their familiar teacher and discuss the evils of communism, even though the Chief Justice is listening. The same Chiet Justice has been so frequent a visitor that his presence is taken as a showing of friendly interest in thelr progress and they are proud to demonstrate to him what they have learneds about . ey e ut American insti * ok % ¥ Frequently some young man is cock- sure that communistic ownership of property has its advantages. Then @ debate follows, in which the teacher lets other students do most of the talking, and gradually the communist discovers that, after all, his reasons for his faith are shaken. There has been formed an associa- :Ion of Americanization puplls. When ts constitution was evolvi the ‘brightest young men from Rug sla, begged that there tos many “committee Russia is made u and he feared them; “they are tyran. nous.” At a social meeting recently one of the students pointed out the wonder of Amerlcan democracy, vhich enabled him to be there, even talking directly with the Chief Jus- tice and exchanging views in & way that seemed to be of Interest to both himself and the great oficial. “Why that would be unheard of in Europe:” * ok ox % It 1s a curious misconception, held by many Americans, that all immi- grants needing Americanization are rough laborers, unschooled in their native countries. Amongst the Wash- Ington pupils are former officers of high rank in European armies, ar- tists of international fame, students who have spent vears in leading col- leges. Yet most of them arrived al- most penniless and have found it fm- possible to make proper connections without the language of the country. Thousands of our own veterans re turning home after the war floun- dered for months, or even years, be- | fore they could readjust themselves, | though they had no such handicaps. *x x % It is an economic waste, according | to the view of Miss Alton,’ for Amer- ica to permit a man of the training and intellect of a Harvard sophomore to work 15 hours & day pouring gaso- line—not because he feels dissatisfied with any hard work, but because he is capable of doing better work. Or for an artist capable of doing exqul- site illustrations, suitable for the pages of our finest magazines, to be! scraping streets lest his wife go hun. ] gry. Or for & boy to be the butt of a public school because he knows no English when, with a little encour- regard. through applause when he sings like a trained opera star, the natfonal hymn of his country, he may | become the pride of his community Today such a boy—once the bait of | all in a public school—is working his | way through college. The gasoline. attendant is assistant cashier in one of our largest department stores, and is studying law in Georgetown Uni- versity, and the artist is illustrating for a magasine. *x ok * % The school held “graduating exer- cises one night last week, but next day started new classes for the sum- mer courses. These summer schools will add a novel feature in the form of teaching by motion pictures, to- gether with lectures, followed by slow repetition of the pictures, with Class discussion of what they see plc- tured. (Copyright. 1923, by P. V. Collins.) EDITORIAL DIGEST air plans, suggesting. YEurcpean statesmen, unlike American politi- clans, have been quick to sense the relationship between air power and national prosperity. Not only does aviation rank in their estimation in importance with land and sea forces, but they have little, it any, trouble in securing from the legislative branch of thy government the funds neces sary to carry out these programs.” This sentiment sharply Is disputed by the Christian Science Monitor which insists 'the world has learned through bitter experience what are the steps that lead to war. The way | to_avert menace to the peace of the | world is to stop competition in arma- ment at the outset. That check can only be administered by a powerful international association or league of nations. How long will the United States be willing to accept the re- sponsibility of refusing to participate In this essential and fundaméntal or- ganization for the maintenance of world peace?’ The Philadelphia Pub: lic Ledger lkewise {ndorwe: thi; osition and suggests “there ought to e wisdom enough in the world to bring about an aerial holiday. If not, then the half or wholly krupt old- world powers are off in another and new armament race. No man living may say what the ending of the may be.” Because the airplane * nihilates distances” the Scranton Times feels “the American people would feel better satisfied If our gov- ernment would give a little inkiing of its purpose in regard to developing alr protection and defense.” An evident disposition to blame the United States for some, at least, of the responsibility for the existing situation is shown by the Toronto Star, which says, “There is some satis- faction in knowing that the British epresentatives to the Washington arms conference urged that restric- tions should be Pllolfl on submarine and airplane building. It was par- ticularly disappointing that the United States did not support Britain in this demand. Incidentally, the Chicago Dally News points out that “it is doubtful ‘whether under modern conditions rules regulating was in the air could be inforced. 1t is almost impossible not to terrorize clvilian populations while bombing or trying to bomb depots, ilro; lines, ammunition plants, military works and munition shops. Direct limitation of air forces would be far more effective as a means of humanizing war and pro- tecting civilians than would s code of rules and regulations dificult to enforce and easy to disregard. It is the oglnlon of the Norfolk Ledger- Dispatch that ‘“suspicion” mainly is responsible for the Britlsh-French race, and it suggests, “If Great Britain had first given France an opportunity to reject gn offer of limitation of air mmanu t lhlnn s 'wld’ h:o ntime _enou r_increase in m;«:t -I!hg‘omu. But Great Britain oan: with good grace, strengthen her own air forces and then ask EOSE I gy ™ 7 { stand alone on a page. ;P'lelcher, Robert Frost, Vachel Lind- !Edwin A. Robinson, Carl Sandburg | splendour. |ation which is not true to type no { Rome alone with her guardian of th The Library Table BY THE BOOKLOVER We are 5o often told that no one is iInterested in poetry that we are sometimes tempted to believe it, but the facts that volumes of poetry con- tinue to be published and that many magasines carry larger or smaller numbers of poems-seem to indicate that there are some people who still read poetry. Though many of them never turn to anything later than Tennyson and Browning, prob- ably the majority are readers of Ppresent day verse. A compact library of very modern verse, in one volume, is furnished by a new edition of a work which firs peared in 1917— an_Anthology of ry Verse in English.” edited by Harriet Monroe, editor of Poetry, a magazine of verse, and by Alice Corbin Henderson. * ok ok % The introductions to the two edi- tions, which begin the volume, are two excellent critical essays on the new poetry and give much useful preliminary information to a reader of the book. A glance over the names in the table of contents seems to indicate that few English or Amer- ican poets of note have been omitted. One defect is that there is no indica- tion, for the benefit of the incom- pletely informed reader, of the na- | tionality of the poets, whether Brit- | ish or American. The larger share of the volume is given to American poets. * Kk ok ok Among the English poets, Rupert Brooke, wko was killed in the war, 18 represented by “Retrospect” and a group of five sonnets, entitled “Nineteen-Fourteen.” John Drink- ‘water has three poems, including a Wordsworth-like ~ description, “‘Sun- rise on Rydal Water.” B8ix poems are quoted from Thomas Hardy, probably the oldest writer included In_the volume. “A Woman and Her Dead Husband,” and “A Baby Asleep After Pain” are two of & number of strik- ing poems by D. H Lawrence. John Manefleld's ““Cargoes,” “Ships” and “What Am I, Life” are among the six selected from his works. Walter de la Mare also furnishes six poems. From the Irish poets the editors have chosen Yeats, of course, and glve ten of his poems, two of which are “The Colla: ne of a Hare” and “To a Friend Whose Work Has Come to Nothing.” Padriac Colum, Seumas O'Bullivan and Padralc Pearse are also represented. Two selections are given from “Gitanjali” and “The Gar- dener,” by Rabindranath Tagore. * ok xy The work of many American poets appears in the volume. Sherwood An- derson, Witter Bynner, Willa Cather, Hamlin Garland, Joyce Kilmer, Percy Mackaye, James Oppenheim, Lew Sarett and Louis Untermeyer furnish a few poems each, and the three stanzas of Alan Seeger's, “I Have a Rendevous With Death,” which fore- shadowed his own death in the war, The following are given much more space, for the most John ~ Gould poets and their poems are, part, well selected say., Amy Lowell, Edgar Lee Masters. Edna St. Vincent Millay, Ezra Pound, and Sara Teasdale. X o % In a recent number of the Inde- pendent, an editorlal entitled “Con- cerning American History,” which condemns the wrong-headedness of the report of David Hirshfleld on American history text books, closes with a word of caution on the in- expediency of Introducing into school { text books the mooted questions us to | “whether the American revolution was right or wrong, wise or unwise. beneficial or harmful to the world | of today and to posterity tomorrow.” | “The historfan.” the article concludes, “should not impose his answer, how- ever convinced of its truth he may, be, upon Immature minds. . . . Let| him_freely investigate and publish | his findings for consideration by ma- ture citizens. . . . The School texts should treat the revolution a® a fact accomplished, and explain fully why the colonists thought it right, and why later generations of Ameri- cans have continued to think that it was right. Above all, the school texts should not disparage the men who risked lives and fortunes, and fought herolcally In a desperate cause. | There is no reason in historic fact or in morals why we should not con- tinue to revere them.” * Ok kK It gives one a shock of surprise to find a modern Michael Sadlefr writ- ing an old-fashioned guardian-ward atory, as he has done in “Desolate The somewhat elaborate plot of melodramatic intrigue does not disguise the type, which, with all its modern touches, is that of the days of Augusta Evans Wilson and “St. Elmo.” The identification marks of the old guardian-ward novel are all there: Ward, a beautiful young girl, blonde of course, with unhappy parentage; guardian world-weary roue; ward attempting & quixotic sac- rifice for guardian; guardian re- claimed to quiet domestic life by ward; ward nursing a secret love for guardlan for ome ime before guardian kens to his love for her; final marri: There is one situ- | 1 it seems to me, true to life, even.that of the twentleth century. The charm- ing ward of twenty-one travels about FEurope and sojourns in Paris and recent unsavory past, a all th without arousing the least surprise or criticism from the Victorian ma- trons who form the social back- ground and support of their English life. P IS “Readers who have been following the Amherst College case and who would llke to get at first hand the {deas of Alexander Meiklejohn, who was forced out of the presidency, should read Dr. Melklejohn's “The Liberal College,” published two or rs ago. The challenging at- iede of the author s shown by the fact that he says in his preface that he would havi sr-rerred the title to be “Making Minds"—"and that large- 1y because it invites misunderstand- . These sentences perhaps best e of the book: “Men k!lnl‘kln[h h\lmtn lite, making mi nd to be a stronger, :n.or thln"lhln it has been. And in the doing of that task they cho to set aside some qul groups for ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS By Frederic Q. Where was “Maln Street” writ | ten?—K. 0. C. | A. A part of the book, if not the entire manuscript, was prepared while Sinclair Lewis made his home in Washington, J. Haskin Q. Where is the city of Cisco? M. E. S. A. It is a buried Indian city re- cently discovered in Tennessee, and constitutes the most important re mains of its kind in the south. It was a walled city with outer defens. measuring six miles in length, it Q. What part of Washington has |citadels including thirty-five mounds ;¢ the most birds?—L., F. C. A. Chevy Chase, Md., has in some years attained the record for density of bird population for the whole United States. Q. What is the history of the old mansion that stands in front of the tenth green at the Columbia Country Club?—D. M. i3 8 A. The gate posts are marked Hayes, 1762 According 10 the records Parson Willlamson came over from England 161 years ago and se- lected this site for his abode. The 800d parson was said to have been a powerful exhorter and as energetic as he was eloguent. He preached to five different flocks and took his pay in tobacco. After nineteen years he sold out to James Dunlop whose descendants have resided here con tinuously. ~ The present incumbents, Mr. George Thomas Dunlop and fam- ily, are of the fifth generation. The central portion of the house is the original structure built by Parson Williamson, while the furniture and china were brought over from Scot- land by the first James Dunlop. The | collection of Lowestoft and Spode | has been appraised as the best in the United States. Q. How many muscles are quired to make a smile?—J. L. T. A. Thirteen muscles are required to make a smile and fifty to make a | frown. i re- Q. How many times did King Ed- ward win the Derby?—J. T. G. A. Twice when prince of Wales and once after he became king. Per- simmon, Diamond Jubilee and Minoru are the names of his winners. Q. Can salt water vessels use! fresh water in thelr boilers?—J. C. S. | A. They can use fresh water with no difficulty. A fresh water vessel needs no change in its boilers in or- der to use salt water, but the injector | system would require refitting. Q. What does “Montevideo” erally mean?—L. I Y. A lit- | “I see a mountain.” | Q. What baptismal name did Poca- | hontas take?—D. K. A. Rebecca. Q. At what time may automobiles | pass through the military reserva- of various sizes. Where {s_the traffic jam?—u. L. C _A. Governor Alfred New York says that the traffic jam is in New York city. Erie railroad reports that thc is as great to pass a ton of freight through New York city terminls haul it from Buffalo to New York. world's W E. Smith world's wo o Q. Ple. name some woinen Wi are leaders of the Italian fem movement?—A. H. D. A. Signora Alice Schiaronia-Bosic president of the organization co mittee of the Rome congress; Teres Labriola, a barrister; Margherita An cona, member of the board of offic of the International Alllance: S norina_ Ester Lombardo, editor Vita Femminile; Prof. Regina T ruzzi and Signora Argentina Altobe Q. How much did it cost to recon dition the Leviathan?—J. M. A. The expense amounted to $5 000,000, Q. Who was it said that if Clec patra had had a shorter nose the map of the world would have been dif ferent>—T. P. J. A. Blaise Pascal, 1623-1662, saii “If the mose of Cleopatra had been shorter, the whole face of the earth would have been changed.” Q. What are the principal uses of our national forests?—L. B. A. There are approximately 155 1000,000 acres in the national forests They are preserved to Insure a pe petual timber supply, to keep intact forest cover which regulates the flow of streams, to furnish grazing grounds for cattle and sheep and serve as recreation places for th public. In other words, the nation i forests are to be regarded as pub! resources to be held. protected and eloped by the federal governmen: for the benefit of the people. (Let The Star answer your quesd tions. Be sure to write your ful name and address #o that the infor- mation may be sent diract. Address tion at West Point?—A. J. S. A. Automobiles may pass through | this reservation at any time between ' 6 am. and 11 p.m. daily and Sundays. your questions to The Evening Star Information Burea Frederick J Haskin, director, 1220 North Capitol street.) Duke of Abruzzi Has Transformed Useless Colony BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. Formerly, Italy's colony of Somali- land on the Africa was looked upon both at Rome and in the other capitals of Europc as an entirely useless possession Then immediately after the great| war the royal Duke of the Abruzzi.j who had greatly distinguished him- self by his daring as a naval com- mander during the conflict, came along In search of big game, which is more abundant there than in any other part of the dark continent. Al- ready celebrated as an explorer of the polar regions, of the unknown highlands of Central Atfrica, and of | northeastern coast of | portions of the Himalayan country until then untrodden by white men. 0 a most active and restless character. imbued with the most ardent and patriotic eagerness to be of lasting Service to the nation, the duke was yearning for something to do, for something to occupy his interest and ambition, in the period of reaction from the four yvears of excitement of the war, and he determined to‘iden- tify himself, therefore, with the fu- ture of Italian Somaliland, and con- vert it into a source of wealth in- stead of expense to his native land. So he embarked a considerable por- tion of the large fortune which he and his two brothers, the Duke of Aosta and the Count of Turin, had inherited from their enormously wealthy Belgian mother, of the me- diatized house of de Merode, to th development of the latent resources of the colony, induced a number of Milanese and Genoese capitalists to interest themselves in the venture, secured a huge grant of land—some 100,000 acres or more—f{rom the gov ernment at Rome and founded "the Italo-Somali Company. of which he is the very active president, resident director and chief and moving spirit. The duke has now been five years at it, and this summer, for the first time, has shipped to Genoa several hundred tons of cotton of the finest quality, grown on Italo-Somali Com- pany plantations, along the right banks of the Juba river: also a couple of shiploads of medicinal plants, in- cluding a very large crop of castor oil beans, which have naturally com- mended_the undertaking to Musso- lini and hiz fascisti fellowers, who have employed castor oil so freely and efficaciously in reducing their political adversaries to abject sub- mission. Indeed, Premier Mussolini has become one of the duke's warm- | est and most enthusiastic supporters in the development of his depend- ency, which he now regards as offer- ing & very promising solution of the troublesome emigration problem. The capital of the colony has now received the name of “Duca Abruzzl’ and an understanding has at length heen reached whereby Great Britain ha3 consented to relinquish to Italy some hundred thousand square miles of territory on the south of the River Juba, heretofore the boundary line and known as Juba Land. This ac- cession is an immense advantage to the duke and to Italy. For it com- prises 150 miles of coastland, includ- ing the seaports to the south of the mouth of the Juba river, namely, Kismaya and Port Durnford, two of the very rare natural harbors on the east coast of Africa, and which are indispensable to the future wel- fare of the colony. Now that the territory on both banks of the Juba river is about to be devoted to the raising_of cotton, tobacco, castor oil nd other medicinal plants, as well s cattle. the' colony is assured of brilliant_success, and Italy will owe to her Royal Prince Luigi, Duke of the Abruzsl, who was the first man | making minds. These groups are “iberal colleges.’ " * kKK The truth of the Spanish proverb, “He' who would bring home the wealth of the Indies must carry the wealth of the Indies with him,” was never better illustrated than in the the late Rev. Dr. John A. .rh'l':n o'fl in .Lho books resultin, from his travels. He was one of th most leayned travelers of our tim and evefy country he visited w vlo'c% ‘with the scholar's eyes. was he who interested Theodore Roosevelt in South A ica and who organised the Roose: scientific e pedition which discovered the “River of Doubt.” Dr. Zahm published three books on South America, all inter- esting and scholarly. His last book, blished since his death, is entitle “From Berlin to ded and Baby- 'he reader will find of special history of t:l.. Bagdad Sympa- ysis of viewed by a the t%.érdn of the|the Crons. 3 is much |{i 3 tific and. club eir- ‘Washingts > to scale the summit of the American mountain, St. Elias, in Alaska, a very deep debt of gratitude as one of the most useful of her citizens. It there has been any delay about Great Britain's transfer of Jubaland to Italy now, it been dues to a slight misunderstanding between London and Rome, recently settled. ‘When Italy joined in the great war it was agreed by France, Belglum and Great Britain. that in the event of Germany being defeated and losing her large African colonles to the vic- torious entente, Italy should be pro- portionately rewarded by extensive cessions to her of African territory belonging to England and France. Indeed, Italy was to have an exten- sion of her frontiers of Tripoli by France in the west, and by Great Britain in the east, in the direction of Egypt. Subsequently, these ces- sions were rendered contingent on Italy’s abandonment of her military occupation of the Dodekanese Islands, which she had lumporlrflgtlkcn over from Turkey in the first Balkan war, and _which, inhabited entirely by Greeks, were assigned to Greece by the peace coni s of Parls and by trfll‘ol Italy still holds he Dodekanese Islands, pénding the | establish t of some sort of stable "avornn%l Athens, after the gen- Into Valued Asset eral elections next fall t the British government, in_view of the markgd friendliness of Premier Mus solini’s policy and his disposition t make common cause with England everything in the present troublec International situation, has decldeds not to defer any longer the cessior of the whole of Jubaland and of the two fine seaports on the Jubaland coast to Italy. thus satisfying national pride and popular sentimen of King Victor Emmanuel's lieges and contributing to the succ and rich developments of the colonial en terprise of the Duke of the Abruzzi. B King George is about to revive the anclent office of master of the king s tennis court, which was in existence in the reign of Henry VIII, and eve n that of i Henry VII. A Capt. Cooke ¥ ter of the king's tennis court at the Palace of White father, | hall under King Charles II, and some twenty-six vears III granted ° sign manual. ay and well belove quire, to the « master of out tennis court at Whitehall, Hampto Court, and elsewhere, in this our Kingdom of England.” The office was continued without interruption unt! the death in 1553 of its last holder Maj. William Beresford, who had held it for over fifty vears and who bad an official residence in Hampton Court Palace, where the oid royal tenmnis court ‘in_ England, buiit for Henry VIII in 1530, still exists. No salary is attached to the post, but it carres with it several highly prized pre rogatives and membership of the royal household. King George is most _enthusiastic tennis player; so. too, is the Prince of Wales. It is ir every way fitting. therefore, that the mastership of the most ancient and kingly of all games should be rc vived.. Perhaps Lord Balfour, whol still at his age is one of the foremos exponents of the game, might be ir duced to dignify this ancient offic with his acceptance. ooy Lord Latymer's recent death and cremation—he was the chief stock holder of the old London banking house of Coutts, where King George like his three immediate predecessors on the throne, keeps his private ac count—has given rise to a very ct rious controversy. 1t is one that i° already engaging the attention of tii-{ clvil-and ecclesiastical courts of Gre Britain, and which also has a co: siderable American interest. v churches erected in towns and « are debarred from the burial of thr dead in_their surrounding ground The churchyard: interment of form ttmes, so dear fo our forehears. forbidden nowadays for sanitary fos sons. The presence of growing qua tities of hwman remaing in the centar of crowded urban districts Is oppos.. by the health authorities, and inter ments, save in exceptional cases, are restricted to rural cemeterfes in mor. | ess remote outski or less rts of eities and The recent cremation, of Lor Latymer has had the effect of rafs- Ing” the Juostion &5 to - whethe rn objection to ento: | the dead in churches and churcheari. applies to thelr ashes. In the case of some of the British peers possesscd of ancestral estates and ancient fa ily mausoleums, they have added the latter stone or marble colun barlums, a sort of consecrated pizeon house, for the sealed reception of the silver’ urns containing the ashes of their incinerated dead. But whers there is no such arrangement for the disposal of the dead, the guestion | put as to whether the national or local law will permit of the entomb- ment of these innocuous urns of human ashes, either in the church- yard or preferably in the church it self. The issue does not concern Roman Catholic churches, since they forbid cremation. But it is of im- portance to every other Christian de- nomination, and the decision of Great Britain's ecclesiastical and secular courts in the matter will be awaited with some interest on this side of the Atlantic. In a Few Words. It is no test of a citizen's loyaltv that he obeys the law he likes. Law is not nmeeded to compel & person tu do what he wants to do, for he does that without law. “—WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN. ——t England and America will not quar- rel over the liquor question. If these two countries ever fight, it will be for principles, not appetites. —LADY ASTOR. am convinced from what I saw heard in the Ruhr, that France n there for at least twenty- ater King William rs patent” over his ting “our trusty Villiers, es- uit five m ~COL. FREDERICK PALMER. ) ' { ~