Evening Star Newspaper, July 4, 1923, Page 6

! THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. —_— — 1 WASHINGTON, D. C.* "WEDNESDAY . ..July 4, 1923 THEODORE w: NOYES. The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th 8¢, and Pentaylvania Ave. % Buropean Offce: 16 Regeat Bt., London, Eugland. Editor The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning wdition, is delivered by carriers within the city at 60 cents per month; dally only, 43 cents per month; ay only, 20 cents per month. Or @ers muy be sent by mail, or telephone Main 5000. " Collection is wade by carriers at the and of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday.. Daily only. Bunday only..., ... Daily and Sunday Daily only.... Sunday only * Member of the Associated Press. ed Press is exclusivels entit se for republication of all mews di credited to it or not otherwise credited nis ‘paper and also the local news pub- Jished herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. = A Movement of Unrest. That national convention of the farmer-labor party, now in session in <Chicago together with representatives of other political organizations seeking 10 perfect a unified political front in mext year's elections, iy worthy of the ttention of the country. It typifies a movement of unrest among the voters who are breaking away from the old parties, and a long step toward radi- <calism of an extreme character. Orig- tnally called as a farmer-labor conven- tion, the meeting found itself unable o maintain its individuality, and had g, seat delegates from other units, therein sowing the seed of possible future disintegration. But it might well be asked how the farmer-laborites could expect to keep out other units working along their own lines to accomplish identical ob- Jects. Brothers all they must be, though with different shadings of in- tensity of their socialistic, paternalis- tic and even soviet aims. Hear some of the things that were advocated on the floor at yesterday's meeting and ponder them well. One suggestion urged was control of the government by the working classes. Is not that sovietism undiluted? Then there was advocated abolishment of TUnited States courts and limiting the power of the United States Supreme Court. Government ownership of reil- roads, of course, was recommended. The Associated Press dispatch says that among other things urged were “elaborate measures looking toward the stabilization of agricuiture, labor and the currency and revision of taxes in many forms,” whatever they may mean. It is significant that among the dele- gates was William Z. Foster, recently tried in Michigan for alleged commu- nistic activities. The 800 delegates in- cluded representatives from forty states, of a score of political and co- operative units. If the obfect of this convention is accomiplished, that is, the unification of applied endeavor in the next presidential campaign, the ef- fect may be serious. Smith and Underwood. Evidently Gov. Smith of New York has returned from his visit to Indiane unaffected by the advice of the demo- cratic leaders whom he met at French Lick Springs, and who counseled him 1o “lay off” the wet issue as a losing venture. Yesterday Norman E. Mack, democratic national committeeman for New York state, announced after a conference with the governor that “Al"” would enter the next democratic convention as & contender for the nomination for President. Further- more, Mr. Mack said, he believes that the next democratic platform will carry a plank calling for modifying or liberalizing the Volstead act. These 1wo statements together mean, un. doubtedly, that the governor is going 70 the convention in person or by proxy demanding a wet, or at least a moist, plank.. He is now the foremost of the democratic wets through his ap- proval of the repeal of the state en-| forcement act. He has taken the lead in this respect away from Edwards ()fl New Jersey. He will probubly the convention as one of the four” delegates at large from New York. It is hard to see how he can be ignored in the forming of the delega- tipn, unless as a potential candidate he ‘would prefer to be in the background. Committeeman Mack's announce- ment comes at an interesting time in conjunction with the return of Senator Tnderwood from Europe, and the re- vival of talk about him as the possible democratic candidate. An Underwood *'hoom” started in his state last March, * when the Alabama legislature ad- dressed a letter to him asking him to enter the presidential race. He has'not vet réplied, but it is expected that he will soonsmake answer. The legisla- e —————e———— ture is to reconvene at Montgomery in a few days, and something may be forthcoming from the senator then. ——— President Harding's trip has been marked, as was to be expected, by de- mands incident to patriotic hospitality. But Alaska will find the pleasure of the visit well worth the expense. —_——— With numerous historic episodes doubtless in mind, Mr. James Cox re- frains from spectacular pressure at his time to his unquestionable claim 1o be considered a logical candidate. ———— In addition to checking up coal ship- ments, France may feel compelled to supervise all the official correspond- ence between London and Berlin. ——— The Business of Pugilis Some time this evening, eastern time, two men will, according to the present prdgram, stand up to each other in a ‘ring” at Shelby, Mont., end batter away with thinly gloved fists. They will be “fighting” for no ¢ purse, and barely for championship honors, though one of them now holds ‘those honors and the other is a chal- lenger. The champion will be fighting amder a guarantee of $300,000, some- ‘what reduced through the failure of ‘the pramoters of the fight to raise the b-u‘-_:m The challenger will i} be fighting for bare $7,600 to pay A tual training expenses. After the fight is over, if the champion wine, which he is expected to do, he will be a bit richer, though not perhaps as mueh 80 as he had hoped, and with him a coterie of managers and associates will form a veritable “court” about this. King of the ring. The challenger will have won nothing but some bruises and a bit of brief publicity. This is. the commercial fight game. It is a sordid, mercenary busines: Once upon a time there was perhaps some thrill in pugilism. Men fought with their fists for small purses and big fame. They made no pretenses of gentility or that sort of thing. but were frankly bruisers, in the business partly for love of it and partly as a profession. Now things are changed. Never an elevating spectaele, the professional prize fight has become grossly com- mercial, promoted by shrewd men who work publicity to the limit and appeal to the gambling element for the prin- cipal support of these expensive bouts. Enough money is spent upon the build- ing of the arena for one of these fights to put a hospital in funds for all time. The gate money at a big fight would endow a college liberally. Re- cently in New York a fight game was used as a means of raising funds for a charity, but the participants pulled down large sums, and nobody yet knows how much the promoters got. Pugilism has Dbecome strictly a moneymaking affair. Sport is for- gotten. Leviathan Sabotage. As the Leviathan, formerly the Vaterland of the German lines, sails for Europe today on her first regular passenger trip since the war started in 1914, controversy is revived over the question whether she was deliberately disabled by the Germans while she lay in internment in these waters, before she was formally taken over by the United States upon its entry into the war. It would seem rather futile to discuss the matter at this time, in view of the long record of reports that have been written and the miles of news- paper columns that have been printed on the subject. It may be taken for granted that an effort was made by the custodians of the ship before the United States went into the war to disable her, to make her useless for service. They would have been derelict in duty had they failed to do so. No blame can attach to them for any sabotage that was practiced upon their own ship, in view of the possibility that she might be employed for war purposes by this government against their own. Had they run her out to sea in deflance of the guard placed upon her and sunk her they could not have been scored for their sacrifice. Despite the damage done to the Vaterland and other ships interned in these waters and seized by the United States upon entry into war, they were put into condition in remarkably short order. During the war, that is to say during the year from the time they were first used as transports to the armistice, they .carrled in all 557,000 men overseas, & great army, and un- doubtedly a tremendous factor in the ultimaté victory. The Vaterland's share of this was a large one. Let it be accepted that the Germans endeavored to keep the Vaterland out of use by breaking some of her parts, losing others and inflicting hidden damage upon her enginery. Let it be believed that they even thought by their sabotage to make it possible for the ship ‘to become disabled or per- haps to sink in midseas while carrying American troops to Europe. Such de- structive acts would have been wholly legitimate. American custodians of ships caught in a foreign country in similar conditions would probably have done the same, would have been faith- less to their responsibility if they had failed to do so. The only question now of interest to the American people is whether the ship that was so damaged and was finally taken under the Amer- ican flag has been properly recondi- tioned and is capable of maintaining American trade profitably in time ‘of peace. ——————— Should all the predictions of crop failure come true at once, ships may be more concerned about actual grain ®nd fruit in the cargoes and less about the distillations. ———— Any popularity Trotsky may have enjoyed is likely to decline since he has been compelled to admit that his ideas are absolutely without influence in America. & ——— An arrangement which at times per- mits owners and workers to quarrel with the Railroad Labor Board, instead of with each other, at least adds a touch of variety to the discussion. ——— A number of immigrants announced at Ellis Island the desire to be brick- layers. They evidently informed them- selves in advance as to the field in which high wages are paid. —_————— Vesuvius is building a new crater. Even the volcano is in line for a recon- -trucuya policy. An Oasis of Silence and Safety. ‘Who would go back deliberately to the old forms of Independence day ‘“‘celebration”? Is there any one in Wasbington who would willingly re- turn to the banging, burning, maim- ing practices of the past? This city has been free of these barbarisms for some years, and yet it seems but yes- terday, comparatively, that the air in the District was from dawn until long after dark filled with acrid odors and rent by deafening explosions and the clangor of the bells of ambulances and fire engines hastening to respond to calls. The casualty lists were long, in- cluding the loss of fingers and hands and eyes, and even deaths. It took some years to bring abgut. the yeform, when the effort was seri- ously made, to save the youngsters of the capital from the effects of sense- 1€ss ‘““celebration.” Finally there was an official response to the demand for restrictions, and then ong by one rul were adopted that, through successive years limited the practices of ‘“ob- sétvance.” The toy pistol was the first to go, that pernicious promoter of tetanus and destroyer of fingers and eyes. Then the giant cracker, treach- erous agency of disablement and blind- ness and death, After these the course was comparatively easy. Of course, Washington is not now entirely free. Just across the line in Maeryland and Virginia fireworks can be bought of a kind that the local regulations prohibit, and they are smuggled in and exploded. But the trouble of getting them is just enough to put a check upon the community indulgence in powder burning and noisemaking. so that the city is well freed of the disturbances and dangers. It is an oasis of comparative silence and safety. ~ Seoret Accusaéfons. About ten days ago 4« man died in this city and was buried, and after the funeral an anonymous letter was received by the police which accused the widow end @ man of having poisoned her husband. On the strength of this letter these two were arrested. The body was exhumed and & chemi- cal analysis was had, disclosing no poisonous element. The prisoners were then released after detention for four days, and are now f{ree. After their re- lease an inquest was held, and they were formally and completely exon- erated. It would seem to be scarcely justifi- able to hold people on murder charges on so slight a basis as an anonymous letter. Anybody can write such a let- ter as & means of revenge. If un- signed accusations are to be followed always by arrests nobody is safe. Of course, it does not follow that arrest means trial or conviction. But an ar rest is a formal public imputation of criminality, and a person so treated suffers seriously in public esteem re- gardless of the outcome. In this case it would have been pos- sible, it would seem, to have an au- topsy quietly conducted upon receipt of the anonymous letter, to the end of ascertaining whether there was any basis in fact for the accusation. If traces of poison were then found ar- rest might have followed on the as- sumption that a crime had been com- mitted. But to maeke the arrest first and the chemlical examination later was surely putting the case the wrong ‘way round. Those who were accused in effect through their arrest are now declaring their purpose to find the writer of the anonymous letter. It is to be hoped they will do so, and that proper pun- ishment will be meted out to the secret accuser. But, as e matter of fact, that should have been the Task of the au- thorities before any public accusation was made. It is to be hoped that this case will serve as warning against precipitate actlon in the future in cases where there are no clear grounds for suspicion beyond the hints and secret suggestions of unknown communi- cants. Some delay in rendering assistance might be inevitable if European states- manship should combine on a demand for league of nations or nothing. The dominant idea a consumer al- waye gets from any coal controversy is that he had better lay in his next winter's fuel as early as possible. The K. K. K. classifies itself as a benevolent institution whose methods are novel in being occasionally a trifle rough. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON 'The Dog and Rabbit Game. A dog and rabbit on the run Are something fine to view, ‘When all is done, we say the fun ‘Would pass an hour or two. It's even more exciting when More lofty hates prevail, For now and then we find that men As foes must hit the trail. The sum of pleasure you secure As through this world you jog Depends for sure on whether you're The rabbit or the dog. Jud Tunkins says that offering a prize for ort is the highest-toned form of gambling now before the public. Queries. Y “Does vour small boy ask you more qQuestions than you can answer' “No,” replied patient Dad; “it's the cther way 'round now. I bother him with so many questions about how radio works that he can scarcely con- ceal his annoyance.” Outlines by the Sea. (Free Verse,) On the seashore 1s the village belle— In a bathing suit She copied from A movie picture. On the skyline 1s a rakish craft. And it safls this way 1t maybe is A bold bootlegger. On the boardwalk 1s the local cop— The village belle Tries all'in vain To get his notice. Oh, noble sight— He is duty’s slave, And as he glares His motto is ““Bootleg—or nothin'!" Great Mob Scene. “Do you think the actors and pro- ducing managers are going to have another fight?” “I dunno,” replied the theatergoer. If they do I wish they’d hire a hall and put it on the stage. It ‘ud be more interesting than a lot of the shows. Uplift. “He claims to be @ great booster.” “Yes; but his only idea of elevating somethifg is to blow 16 up.” Lovable Child. - “Are you fond of children?” “I love the little one next door. It never cries. éxcept when its family plays the phonograph.” “Dere is jes’ two questions befo’ de public,” said Uncle Eben; “de high cost of livin' an’ what's you gineter do about 1t g E EVENING' STAR 2 WASHINGTON, D 0;!.'WEDNESDAY! JULY 4! CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS. These words will appear before the reader on the Fourth of July, in the midst of Independence day thoughts and environment. There will not be the same explosive environment as of one or two decades ago, but there will be the holiday spirit. There will not be the same oratory as flourished in our forefathers' celebration of the Fourth of July, but there will be no less true patriotism. * k¥ % Americans have been caricatured by the nationalities ot Europe. They forget, too often, that Americans are a composite of all that ambitious active spirit, restless under dull mo- notony, which, for years, has been flowing from Europe—a survival of the fittest, merged Into eclectic man- hood. * * ¥ & The Declaration of Independence did not create freedom in‘America. Its own language testifies to that fact. It merely asserted that which pre-existed: “We are, and of right ought to be, free and independent.” The so-called “Revolution” was not a revolution but a war of defense of freedom and the rights of that free- dom which was granted and guaran. teed to the colonists fn their colonial charters, * ¥ *x ¥ That freedom was challenged by the corrupt and tyrannous ministers of Englard, who sought to rob the colonists of thelr charter rights to ‘manage their own affairs. The strong spirit which had dared Teave the con- ventionalities of the old country and stand self-reliant against the sav- agery and wilderness of the new world—that spirit, during the gener- ations following which had never known unfair restriction—flared back against the measures of despotic and seifish rule. congressional decla ration did not begin American spirit— it simply proclaimed the existence of what had been growing stronger and stronger for nearly twenty decade: That spirit is the very soul of Amer- | teanism. * K % K ‘What was the flag which inspired the patriots on Bunker Hill? Old Glory had not yet been designed. The union of the colonies had been the dream of patriots but had not yet come to pass. Twenty years before Benjamin Franklin had designed a flag bearing a plcture of a rattle- snake, cut into thirteen parts, each plece 'labeled with the name of a colony, and underneath the severed snake ‘was the warning: ‘Unite or perish.” * ok o % There is a biological myth to the effect that a certain species of snake, though cut to pieces has the power to gather up the fragments and reunite into a healthy whole. It is evident that the Philadelphia statesmen had heard the story. But the point now emphasized is that the Frankiin “snake” must have been one in soul and spirit. before it became sepa- rated, eise his appeal would have lost its force. * K o % The flag of Bunker Hill was not that of the philosopher, it was the banner of self-rellance and independ- ence. It was the red banner of blood and defiance against oppres- sion. bearing the challenge, “Come on, if you dar g The spirit of the Bunker Hill ban- ner stfll lives. It is not the spirit of foolish jingoism, but is the soul which has no knowledge of defeat, no con- ception of fear. sengers the bad actions of Americans, and he wound up wNth the blustering threat that if America did not behave, the British would come over and teach them what's what. In the group & demure Ameri- can girl, who 1doked up half fright- eried, apparently, and asked, “What, n? * ok ok x Probably there never was a time when the entente cordiale between England and America was 8o serene as it iy today, and Americans will re- call, even on the Fourth of July, that to the rank and file of the English whigs largely was due the success of the revolution and the triumph of the American commissioners in the terms of the settlement of terri- torfal boundariey making for Greater Ameri * kK * National prejudices and ignorance are weakened by travel and inter- national acquaintance: Americans do not hate the “Tommy,” after stand- ing beside him through the dark watches of the fight on Flanders Field. They do not confuse the poilu with the frogs after sharing the same blanket in the bivouac. * k& % International prejudice is not new, but it is trending toward the obso- lete. Compare it today with the fruft of the race unacquaintance of revo- lutionary days? Benjamin Franklin made it absurd when he laughed at the unsophistication of the English even in his day concerning every- thing American. The English editors had been filling their columns with wild and silly tales about America, when Franklin wrote the following “communication” to a London paper he wrote, “Is as true as the account, said to be from Quebec, in all the papers of last week, that the inhabitants of Canada are mi ing preparations for a cod and whale fishery this summer in the upper lakes. “Ignorant people may object that the upper lakes are fresh, and that cod and whales are salt water fish but let them know, sir, that cod, like other fish, when tacked by thelr enemies, fly into any water where they can be the safest; that whales, when they have a mind to eat cod, pursue them wherever they fly; and that the grand leap of the whale, in the chase up the fall of the Niagara is esteemed, by those who have seen it, as one of the finest spectacles of nature.” 1 * % * % Since Franklin perpetrated that humor, more than a century and a half ago, It is beginnig to be appre- clated by many an English lover -of a joke, and rumor has it that a Scotchman has Inquired the exact height of Niagara Falls. In the words of Grant, “Let us have peace!” In spite of the fact that the Boy Scout fdea is of Engl origin, American boys have b en their English cousins In joining the organ- ization. There are now in the Amer- fcan Boy Scouts 472,582 boys and 140,- 229 men. That total 616,911 mem bership is more than the total of other nationalities combined. There has been a growth of nearly 100,- 000 since December, 1921. There are greater potentialities in the Boy Scout movement than in any other organization in America. It trains the best qualities that are in the boy nature and develops latent powers of resourcefulness that would o*herwise never be known. Its moral and patrioiic ideals are beyond praise. No American boy can afford to miss the Boy Scout training and tellowship. * ¥ X % But lest the Boy Scouts become too * ok k% There are those in America who defer, in a ridiculous timidity, to the prejudices and quirks of foreigrers. America, to them, is “correct” only to the degree that English or French or German critics vouchsafe their ap- proval, Otherwise it is “crude.” * X ¥ % Just now we are hearing from cer- tain sources that America is growing unpopular abroad. That would be unfortunate, if true, but the state- ment may usually be traced to Amer- icans who do not favor letting Amer- jicans manage their own affairs at home and enforce their own laws within their own territory. There is not the slightest ground for fear of official friction, but if there were. would the situation not be remindfui of the story of the funny Incident aboard a transatlantic steamer? Britisher waw telling a group of pas- | | EDITORIAL DIGEST Significance of Austrian Loan Is Far-Reaching. The significance of the successful flotation of the Austrian loan, $2i 000,000 of which was taken in the Unfited States, hardly can be over- estimated as the editors of the coun- try see the transaction. It throws a bright 1ight on the economic condi- tions of the entire world in the view ot many, and the Newark News be- lleves the most significant factor has not been emphasized, namely, “the league of nations’ share of the credit jn making it possible. 1t is the league's agent who will control the Austrian loan and pay back interest and principal to the American- in- vestors. The bankers were shrewd, even if they did not tell the ‘whole truth, in refraining from stressing the league's connection with the loan. In honesty to ourselves, in honesty to Austria, and in honesty to the league, it is no more than true and intelligent to recognize the fact that fundamentally the success of the Austrian loan is due to the co- ation of the nations through the Teague. Accepting to the full the value of the leagué's connection in this way, the Lynchburg Advance also points out that ‘‘Austria’s house- Cleaning should haye an immediate effect on the other European nations which have not yet exhibited any Ereat amount of enthusiasm for set- ting matters aright. Nations willing to help themselves will find other n: tlons willing to lend assistance. Somewhat similar is the view ex- pressed by the Asbury Park Press, which holds “the policies which Aus- tria pursued in winnin back the money centers of the world may well be referred to mo"("‘t ch-;(e'«;;a;);- &erman government for con - tion.” « T'hh is especially so, the R ditions in Austria at the end of the ding Tribune feels, because ‘“con- war were infinitely worse than con- ditions in Germany,” and “what the allf have done for Austria shows ‘what the allies can do for Europe if they have a mind to.” “The Austrian experience,” contin- ues the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, ‘urges upon the world the necessity and sound wisdom of forgetting the hatreds of war and of co-operatively trying to build new structures on th old ruins.” While this is so, how- ever, the Syracuse Herald suggests “thers are old sores that will not Heal in Europe for this geneération, least, and probably for another. B the world cannot go on at sixes and sevens forever. International trade intercourse must be resumed. No na- tion in the universe will acclaim more heartily than America the day when mutual understanding shall si the return to laor;nll ‘n,l lmr&l:l:r‘l:l roourse and the adjustme: - tern in each of the afflicted at ut ternal t complaisant, it should be stated clearly that there is another organi- zation whose members have not the slightest reason to be jealous of the Boy Scouts. In fact not a member of this other organization would ever condescend to join the Bov Scout |even if urged to do so. The jdeals |and practices of the rival organiza- tion are every bit as high as the Boy |Scouts can ever hope to attain. | Their arills are magnificent. They {can do stunts the Boy Scouts prob- ably could not do, or if attempting |to do would be very awkward at per- | forming. i organization is the | * ok ok k Vice President Coolidge was born |ori Independence day and has been |naving a rebirth of independence |every July 4 for the last fifty-one years, vet \'i\hout very much’ fire- wor (Copyright. 1923, by P. V. Collins.) nations abroad.” There likewise is emphasized in this entire transaction, !in ‘the opinion of the Minneapolis Tribune, that “of all the nations of continental Europe, Austria appears most firmly disposed to mind its own business, to put its noss to the grind- stone, and to do its level best to re- cover from the wounds of war and peace—the Versailles peace.” This argument has the complete indo: ment of the Dayton News, holding all the transformation that has been going on, Austria-and the Austrian people hive carried on in a coura- geous and exemplary manner. But for this circumstance naturally the whole scheme for helpful service would have completely collapsed. The league’'s standing in the world, once this organization took up the matter of sufficient support for the under- taking, has been a bulwark of strength to the enterprise.”” “The spirit that made Vienna won- derful among the world capitals never died; the will to live, and thrive and achleve—and, more than this, to t all obligations—persisted,” in- the Atlanta Journal. “With progress and prospects, and with the loan not only amply secured, - but guaranteed by eight nations, it is not to be wondered that subscriptions far outran the hom{: l‘vllfllbl nvhfi:‘;‘: this very oversubscription co: the Albany Knickefbocker Press that “the real purpose throughout the land was not a wild yearning to lend money to Austria but to have a part, however small, in welcoming a nation back to the paths of probity and com- mon senses,” and indica that any nation—even Russia—*nged not fal- ter for lack of means if only can be satisfactory assuranc good faith. “The Austrian people “have surely plunged deeply upon the promise of their future, in the opinfon of the Indianapolis News, which insists the fact that France and England indorsed the loan proj- ect in advance ‘‘must have a founda- tion of good business judgment. Austria is_on the road to bringing her resources and prosperity into conformity with her achievements for the advancement of civilization by _peaceful methods. % One unnoticed “political aspect” of the loan is pointed out by the New York Post as significant in that pledged to maintain her independence, thus ending “the wild and easy talk about the specific necessity of permitting Austria to enter into & union with Germany if Austria 18 to survive, and with the general necessity of revising the frontier provisions of the treaty of Versailles. To talk frontier changes is_to preach chaos. The economic solution in Europe must be worked out on the political foundations laid down in the treaty.” The loan “was a contribution to world betterment, to resumption of international trad- ing and exchas " as the, Columbus State Journal sees it and “there was glory and profit and satisfaction for all pagticipating, all of which bring: from the Allentown Chronicle th bold statement that “Austria is s s00d bet.” v 5503 ) 1923. Politics at Large BY NTH!SSENGEK Former Senator J. Hamilton Lewlis of Illinols, who has been ‘making l| tour of the west, says on his coming east that i# the national convention were to be held today William G. Mc- Adoo would be the democratic nomi- nee for President. Mr. McAdoo's cam- palgn managers have been insistently claiming that he is in possession of a larger sum of political assets at this time than any other potential candidate, Mr. Lewis is convinced that Gov. Alfred E. Smith of New York cannot be nominated and that, indeed, no eastern man is likely to be chosen. A westerner, he says, will be selected to offset the prospective re- nomination of President Harding. * K ok X Senator Underwood has returned trom his European trip and announce- ment of his candidacy for the demo- cratic presidential nomination will follow in due time, though not at once, his friends say. Work in his behalf, however, is being pushed actively by his friends, and organiza- tions are being set up in every stat There I8 no question among politicians that Senator Underwood, despite the handicap of his southern nativity and environment, is going into the con- vention with a block of delegates con- stituting strength which will have to be reckoned by the contestants for the nomination. * ¥ x *x Henry Ford's prospects are being enhanced by the denunciatiops which are being poured upon him, in the opinion of some neutral observers. His managers are sald to realize the psychology of this and are disposed to encourage it. His strength is classed as being the support of the masses, the laymen, not skilled in politics, but who have an underlying conviction he would make a good President, according to their ideas of & business President. The more Mr. Ford is berated, it is said, the more stubborn will they become in standing by him. Former Senator Lewis reports that he found in the west sentiment for Ford and Hearst as candidates for President ‘and Vice President of a third party. That would make a pretty stift combination, it is held, so far as publicity is concerned, the pub- lisher with his coast-to-coast string of newspapers and the manufacturer with his own line of supporters. Mr. Hearst's candidacy would at- tract, it is said, the support of a radi- cal element in the country and dra: some of the farmer-labor votes in the middle west which otherwise would be lost in the shuffle. * %k % % The democratic national committee foresees trouble for the republican party whichever way the senatorial election goes in Minnesota July 16. The committee’s view, expressed in 2 current statement, is that “whether the republican candidate wins or loses the senatorial battle in Minne- sota, the result is sure to fncrease the difficulties of the Harding adminis- tration in the next Congress. The contest will end, these politiclans pre- dict, in an aggravation of the bit- terness which has existed between the ‘regulars’ and the radicals since the election of Senator Shipstead last autumn, “Both _the . republicans—including pilots and partisans of the Harding administration—and the radicals of the complexion of Senator La Fol- lette and Senator Brookhart, realize that the forthcoming election in Min- nesota is to be a test of strength and & turning point in the career of radi- cal progressiveism. The fight is cer- tain to be waged without quarter and to leave deep and painful scars. “Coming, as it will, shortly after two practical defeats in the recent congressional elections in Iowa and Michigan, the senatorial contest in Minnesota finds the republicans filled with fright and forebodings. They are preparing to send money and speakers and bales of literature into the state to stem the tide of radical- ism. They don't want the returns to ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS By Frederic J. Haskin Q. How many persons are employed by the .bureau of engraving and printing?—A, C. . A. The present personnel is 4,980. Q. Where can day-old chicks be bought?—D, L. 1. **7 A. Baby chicks may be bought from farmers who have their stands outside Center mark Q. Who A a& putle the old National A. It was erected in 1827 by the| Calvert estate. Henry Clay made his Washington home there, and died in room 32, June 29, 1857. Q. What is the roof of the Lin- coln Memorial made of?—C. T. A. It is of marble cut in slabs five feet long, three feet wide and only three-elghths of an fnch thick Through this the sunlight enters, softened and diffused. Q. What 1s the name of the hill in Paris from which the boulevards llate, similar to the manner in Which the avenues radiate from Cap- itol Hill, Washington, D. C.”—F. K. | A The name of the hill is Place d'Etoile (Place of the Stars). This hill commahds the Seine, which can best be protected from this point. Q. What is the difference between a Belgian police dog and & German police dog?—K. D. A. The Department of Agriculture | says that a Belgian police dog 18 a Belglan sheep dog. police trained, while a Germkn‘fnllca dog is a Ger- man shepherd dog, police trained. They are separate breed Q. In order to settle an argument lease give the name of the author of ‘'You can fool some of the people all of the time, and all of the people some of the time, but vou can't fool all of the people all of the time?'—H. R, A. This has been attributed to Abraham Lincoln. In the “Wisdom of Lincoln,” published in 1908, it is stat- ed that the quotation is an extract from a speech of his made at Clin- ton, I1l, September §, 1858. Q. What kind of sugar Is the sugar contained in fruit>—H. M. L. A. The sugar of fruit is usually an admixture of dextrose and levulose, and is called invert sugar. It is un- crystallizable and forms granular masses in dried frult. It consists of | five parts levulose and three parts of hydrated dextrose, some of which arises by inversion of saccharine. People of Norway | Q. How much does gasoline expaid |in volume when it is changed from liquid to gas?—J. M. B ek A. Gasoline expands 1,080 times 4‘1)n vaporizing. | Q. How many tons of coal are used yearly in the United States—L. R. I. A. The average consumed in thr United States during the past thrce years was- 508,000,000 tons per ves This was an average of 139,000 tons day and included both bituminou: land anthracite. | {..Q. Do minnows ever make fish’- {F. B. W, A. A minnow is a small Europear cyprinoid fish common in gravelly | streams. 1t never becomes a larg- | fish, three inches being the length of | the adult z g Q. How soon should ties be moved on grape vines dfter graftin | has been done?—E. L. D. A. The Department of Agriculture says that tles should be removed a: soon as the unfon is strong enough to hold the parts together and be | fore the branch where the grafting | has been made grows enough to er |danger its being girdled. | it | Q Did Shakespeare gather hi | world-wide experiences from actua | travel?—C. K. A. A. It is estimated that William Shakespeare never made & continu ous journey so far as a round trip trom New York to Boston. Q. What is Europe?—I. 8. K. A. It fs estimated 000,000. Q. What became of the gold spike | which was the last one driven in | completing _the Union Pacific raii- | road?—M. W | A. The spike, the last tie and the hammer used are now in Stanford University Museum, Palo Alto, Cali- fornia. i Q. Does the Darwinian thenry { state that man is descended from the lape?—D. T. L. | A, Darwin's theory is | natural selection. = This led | general theory of evolution. | " the population of | i to be about the one to | (The Star provides free informa- | tion service for the public. Ther: |13 no charge except return postage.) Deeply Stressed Over- Modernism in State Religion BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. Popular excitability is usually at- tributed to southern nations, where the blood is supposed to course more hotly through the velns than in more northern latitudes. But Scandina- vians are quite the reverse of phleg- matic, and in Norway, indeed, which of all the countries of continental Europe is the most northerly and nearest the pole, the people are apt to get all worked up on the least provocation. It is only a few years ago that the entire country was in an uproar over a question of lan- guage. The officlal language until then was exclusively Danish. But in 1850 the eminent Norwegian philologist, Ivar Aasen, invented a new vernacular, embodying in its construction much of the anclent Norse of the sagas, as well as some of the dialects of the remoter re- gions of the kingdom, where the peasantry had clung through the four centurles of Danish domination to the tongue spoken by their for- Dbears in the days of the vikings. Em- ploying these and other materials, adapting them to modern require. ments, Ivar Aasen succeeded In evolv ing so melodious and so poetic a lan- guage that the vast majority of his countrymen, commencing with the rural population, accepted it for their songs, their piays, their sermons, their schools and their vernacular. * X x X Known as the “Landsmaal,” it caught their fancy, it appealed to their pride in the romantic past, when the sway of the Norse vikings ex- tended over Scandinavia, northern Germany, Russla and the greater por- tion of the British Isles, and it be- be read as another repudiation of President Hard:4g and his adminis- tration. All the blandishments and bludgeons of the administration will be put at the disposal of the repul lican state committee of Minnesota.” * k * % “Senator La Follette,” savs the committee, “is to have a large share in directing the campaign of Magnus Johneon, radical opponent of Gov. Preus, the hope of Yardirz and the standpatters. It is hintea that Sen- ator La Follette's speeches will stir the voters to revolt against the Harding #dministration and urge Johnson's election as a necessary ac- cesslon to the agrarian bloc in Con- gress. Senator Shipstead also is ex- pected to charge the national admin- istration with responsibility for ex- cessive freight rates, low prices of agricultural products and the failure u{r)esislllion to “stabilize” wheat. and other croj i “If the ri als triumph, Senator La Follette's bloc will either dictate the legislative program of the next Congress or prevent any real achieve- ment on the part of the reactionary republican regime. On the other hand, if victory goes to the ‘“regu- lars,” the standpatters will take this as proof that the tide of progressive- 1sm nas turned and that reaction has been vindicatéd. All the forces of the administration in the several states where radicalism has gained or threatened control of the repub- lican organization would be much heartened by the overthrow of John- son in Minnesota.” EE 1Is the old specter of conservation, the bugaboo of the rDublican party in 19132, to stalk forth as a result of President Harding's stand on that subject s announced in his Spokane speech? Unquestionably his remarks will be approved by the western people who are in sympathy with his ition, but how will they strike the DPivacconservationists in the east who are for sealing up the public re- sources for the use of future genera- came identified in their eyes with Norwegian nationalism. The spurious Danish in which Tbsen wrote, and which in that most remarkable of his works, “Peer Gynt,” he held up to ridicule in the person of “Huhu, language reformers of Norway, re- minded her people of those four cen- turies of Danish oppression and per- secution, when, robbed of her inde- pendence, she was ruled from Copen- hagen, not even as a province, but as a colony fit only for spoliation, exac- tlon and tyranny. Everything that serves to recall Danish domination is hateful in Norway. Elections were fought on the sub- Ject of this language issue, the lib- erals champloning the cause of the new “Landsmaal,” and the conserva- tives defending with equal v! Danish tongue, or “Riksmaai eral cabinets were overthrown. Civil war almost resulted. Finally a com- promise took place, with the result that the Landsmaal was admitted for official and educational use on the same footing of equality as the until then exclusively official “Rikemaal.” * k x x And now the Norwegians, who broke so many of one another’s heads and wasted such torrents of mutual abuse upon this issue between the Landsmaal” and the “Riksmaal,” are once more up in arms on the subject of modernism in connection with their state religion. lished church of Norway and the only D To the Editor of The Star: Allow me to reply to an article that appeared In your i{ssue of June 29, by Virginla W. Sargent, and under the caption “Circus Act Protested.” The lady is misinformed In regard to some side-show animal aots, and this one in particular. She says she is inter- ested in fair play towarcd all creatures, and clalms to have witnessed one of the most brutal and cowardly acts toward an animal, namely, “Sultan, the untamed lion,” which, she says, lons? b President Harding made it plain that he has no patience with the idea of sealing them up. He believes that intelligent use of the resources, es- peclally water power and irrigation, if properly handled, will hand them on improved rather than impaired for | future generations. At the same time he servad notice that he is not for the looting of the public domain or the parceling off or out to large holders and monopolistic users. * ok kX It has fallen for this late day to disclose the fact that 25 per cent of all the government irrigation proj- ects have turned out fallures because they were undertaken before a pre- vious survey had-been made to ascer- tain whether the soil would produce crops suitable for the markets in the region where they were located. That wn:uld seem to have been a logical and obvious procedure, which wi overlooked. The future policy of the govern- ment will be to make careful sur- veys and provide irrigation only where the land will produce the right nd of crops for the markets ad- nt and available, _ . was & torment to the broken-spirited jungle denizen. Do not think for a minute that Sultan is broken spirited. One who thinks so has but to try to get into his cage, a stranger. He will change his mind. The lady goes on to say that at a glven signal the red-uniformed cap- tain, little more than a boy, armed with a broom, pistol and iron bar, enters the cage to inflict punishment to this broken-spirited jungle denizen. Capt. Jacobs goes into the cage only with & whip and a broom, and not an iron rod. The iron rod is on the outside of cage. ‘Th, wrner‘uf the complaint ob- serves the beast breathing hard. I don’t blame him in such hot weather as we have had, for I breathe hard myself in such a climate. She the lion roars in agony. knows anything of performing lions, she will understand that their roar is not in agony at times, but signifies willingn to go through the act. Capt. Jacobs has put Sultan through his act on an average of twelve per- formances per day, or 3,756 perform- ances a season, for the past two years and without a mishap, and Sultan knows just what is expected of him. Capt. Jacobs uses &-whip to make hi The estab- | one endowed by the state is Luther- anism, and for this purpose the king- dom is divided into six bishoprics. The bishops are named by the crown in conjunction with the government of the day, the appointment being usually preceded by a vote of u purely consultative character in Which the clergy and the representa- tives of each congregation of the dio- cese participate. When recently the diocese of Trendhjem became vacant, the votes of the diocese went by a large ma- Jority to the Rev. Dr. Freihow, very conservative in all matters relating to the church and to the interpreta- tion of eoclesiastical doctrines. The king, on the advice of his govern- ment, declined to conform to tI wishes of the diocese as represente by the consultative vote, and taking the ground that all the other bishoy were conservatives and that the lib- eral church party was entitled to at least one representative on. the Episcopal bench, appointed the very Rev. Dr. Gleditsch, the radical dea of Christiania, & divine of the mos advanced views on biblical criticism indegd the leader of the modernist school in Scandinavian theology-. e At once the people took sides the issue, and, egged on by their spiritual advisers, the fight between the rival factions became fast and furious, the conservatives insisti that King Haakon and his govern- ment had been guflty of a violation of the rights of the natlonal church without parallel in Norwegian his- tory. The crown and government huve declined to lend ear to the clamor or to recede from the position which they have taken up, and which from a legal point of view is perfectly cor- rect. But now the primate of the state church, the Bishop of Christ ania, In a speech most abusive of throne and government, has declined to undertake the task incumbent upon him of consecrating the new bishop, and as his four _remalning brethern on the Episcopal bench of Norway have followed his examplr. it is proposed to invite either the modernist primate of Sweden, t Archbishop of Upsala, or the equally modernist Anglican Bishop of Du ham. who as Canon Henson, was fo merly so well known as a popular lecturer and preacher in the United States, to perform the ceremony * % ok o The Bishop, of Durham's consecr tion of @ Lutheran bishop in Norws: would certainly not meet with approval of the remainder of primates and episcopacy of the tablished Church of England. the u Bug { Dr. Henson has shown so great ang | marked an indifference to the view, | the prejudices and the ill will of hi brother bishops and even archbishop that he is not likely to be disturbe | by any such consideration, and so i | will have to be either this Englis | Bishop of Durham who will have t. | perform the consecration of the ne Bishop of Trondhjem, or else th Swedish Archbishop of Upsala, whicl |in view of the animosity which stilf {prevails between the Norwegians an the Swedes, who a few years “8 were on the eve of war with on janother, would be still more unpopu; lar among the orsemen. t -—-———-———fi_? enial of Cruelty to Circus Lion respond readily and does mot him to pleces,” as some may th A llon is not as quick and as intell: gent as a tiger and has to by prompted to know just what to d therefore, the Whip. She further states that the poo beast is left in his prison cage wlon and friendless to await the next bat tle. In this she is also misinforme: for an animal act is & good asset an every care s taken of the creatur. He is well watered and his comfo; is well looked out for in every wa; While & stranger would not dare ¢ g0 into Sultan's cage, Capt. Jacob) could go into it, and if he did n start the act he would be pretty safe, as animals get used to their trainer But, of course, an animal is an animal and an iron bar is used on the out side to separate lion and trainer i case of any undue excitement that would tend to get the cat panie stricken, for Sultan weighs much more than the siender-built Cupt Jacobs, and its weight against him Wwould be dangerous to him. CHARLES C. DAVIS. Has 16,373 Aids to Navigation. From the New York Times. The United States lighthouse serv- ice has distributed for the benefit of lighthouse keepers and others inter- ested in its work an officlal hand- book of information, which was com- piled by John 8. Conway, deputy commissioner. The publication sets forth that the government now main- tains 16,378 alds to navigation, in- cluding 4,923 lighted fixed alds, 3,001 unlighted fixed aids, 865 lighted floating ailds and 7,573 unlighted floating alds. These aids embrace il :thnm:fl ngn.tlnhlpl-’. . buoy; sul ne signals. and variong othsrdevices, las |