Evening Star Newspaper, April 27, 1923, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON,D. C. FRIDAY..........April 27, 1023 THEODORE W. NOYES........Editor Tiie Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. ieng OB Tonsr Bulidiog: C! : Towel A Furopean Ofiice: 16 Regent St.. London. Boglend. ith the Sunday morniog ¥ carriers witiin the ity only, 43 e Main The Evening Star, itfon, is delivered by car: 1 60 cents per month; dal mouth: Sunday ouly, 20 cents per mouth Aers may be sent by mail, or telephone £000. Collection is made by carriers at eud of each month. ! Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday. . $8.40; 1 Daily only Sunday only mo., 700 mo., b0e All Other States. Daily and Sunday..1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 8¢ Daily only. 60 sundar ouly { Member of the Associated Pre s exclusively entitled to the ‘use for republication of all news dis patches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news pub tisbed Al rights of publication of aleo reserved. Elihu Root and the Court. Elibu Root, addressing the Ameri- can Society of International Law last Light in this city. further clarified the woposal for adhesion United States to the Permanent Court of Tn- crnational Justice. and pointed out the distinction between such i course .ud joining the lcague of nations. Re- wurded as one of the greatest aufhori- of any ternaional and ional relationships, toot's words are worthy of the country on aw inte M. ful attentien. Assuming that evecybody neace with honor among the Eations, Mr. Root noted that the league and | the court “appreach the great problem ot preserv from different angles and by different methods. They iffer radically in their nature and their effects.” Every member of the council of the league. he explained. was obligated to serve his oxn nation its diplomatic agent, whil> no mem- the cou is at ¥ 1o represent any gtate what-| must “decide contro- in accordance with the law and without subordination to| peace Tepresents or but Eny al power, te cxplained th duty of the Judzes is not to deal wi policies or ngreements, but to decide: questions of law. “Each judge’s obliga- | * he pointed out, “is not to repre- country: tiag act i tion 1t his country, or the orde any s of not to reflect the ipolicy of any zovernment, but upon ‘his own con- exetute | future. jealled on | expected | gard it as undignified and as a reflec- tion on the head of the govern- ment. If there is any justice in the cause for which pickets and their backers stand, there are various tried and approved methods of procedure. That anybody or any set of persons Iueeklng to advertise a grievance | should stand at the gates of the White House with banners or keep up an all- day parade outside the fence is a poor Iplan for soliciting public support. | Picketing should he done away with. | while the ghters of 1812 oppose | picketing in general, the immediate the | reason for the resolution they adopted is the picketing now being carried on at the White House by uniformed men who display signs demanding the re- leuse of certain classes of war-time prisoners. The resolution called for investigation of the use of the Amer- ican military uniform by the pickets and wade a demand that the District code be 80 amended “as to prohibit un- putriotic picketing of the White House or any public building in the The executive committee of the District American Legion has also passed resolutions against the present picketing of the White House and the Attorney General for certain fnformation regarding so-call- ed political prisoners in the United States. Hostility to the pickets and their cause was so manifest that ad- ditional police were directed to report at the place of the picketing that they might be on hand in case of dis- order, but the pickets did not appear. The pr be made the scene of such disorderl: and possibly riot-provoking spectacles. —_—————— Two Ohioans on a Third. Two eminent Ohioar re just now commenting upon President Harding's world court proposal. One of them is James M. Cox, erstwhile democratic candidate for President. The other is former Justice John H. Clarke. a pos- nominee for the same ach standing firmly on a league of tations platform. it might be that they would agree in either their criticism of the President for urging that the United States will ticipation in the world court, or their praise of him for going so far toward international advo- cating membership in the tribunal of world justice. But no! They are in discord. F in his newspaper scores the Presi dent severely for inconsistency. Judge Clarke. in a Chicago speech, praises him warmly and sincerely fo his stand. Nor does the fo j equivocate or shade ¥ goes quite as far as does the Presi- dent in his assertion that participation in the court does not mean joining the responsibility as his &cience to hear and detide upon the evidence and the law fin accordance | 1 his own persncal judgment.” | st contended that war cannot | by prociamati olu agreement, but only “hy ving the moral force of the civi Hzed world fn support -of definite rul conduct which exclude war.” An i tut to do this “is @ court by whose judgment the ‘great multitude desive the peacé of justice may | know what is just. Tt is evident that’ adhesion to the | Conrt is to be the subject of sharp con tention, with divergent opinions urged by men of great ability. The pro- s of the planmay congratulate mselves on having Mr. Root among | their chief interproters und supporters. | wed re n s 8 A Strange Requirement. H Tie ruling of at traftic | a driver’s permit ¢ n his own cér if it happens to; seating capacity for less than | hree pel Iy subject to re-| by some one “higher up.” This | remarkable requirzment, it is plain to| ~ec. would, if carried through, prevent the examination if the car he expects 1o drive through ihe streets of Wash- | ington of cvery person who acquires @ roadster, unless he can borrow the | arger car of sonie one else. Tt would | secm to be the reasonable purpose of | 1e test to ascertain whether the can didate can drive the car he owns or | proposes to di not the car of an-| other person. only basis for this extraordin: uirement. it appears. is that the candidatc must be accom- panicd by an experienced driver in the | ourse of th and by an officer of the traflic buredu as well; if there is to room for the last-named by reason | of the faet that the second seat is| occupied by the practiced driver, he cannot observe the test. There is, | howeve to get around that difficulty. Tn fact, there are two ways. The ofticial observer might possibly at o pinch take the place of the experi- snced driver i the ear, or he might | the test party on a motor | riway would bring the | immediately under observa- ! Bither would be much preferable | requir the borrowing of a e car which the candidate is not 10 use Jater or barring him from any vhance to get his permit. Surely this extraordinary: ruling will not stand. ——— some “authority th bureau ve ons s vision 0 . A way sccompany cvele. Bt his tion The first bafl tossed out yesterday at; the park by ‘the President may not lLave had endbugh ‘“on it" to fool a junior batsman, but it served. never- theless. to give the game its formal and official start in Washington. Inmates of- Auburn prison are to be allowed to take college -courses by mail. Tt is a safe bet that they hope Houdini is on the faculty. = The fact that both participantsiin a zaber duel in Italy were hurt jusiifies a prominent headline. When ever: one s hurt it is an event. Picketing. g Another national organizaticn session at the capital records i approval of White House picketing. "The latest protest against thi salning publicity comes fron: the Na- tional Society, United Daughtsrs of 1812. Picketing the White Hou3e has Tiecome a good deal of & nuisgnce, and such comment as it calls forth s un- iattering t0 the pickets, the: influ- ences behind them and the cause for which the picketing is maintainad. It serves no good purpose and frrifates a lurge body of the public. Nearly all persons who think about it at all re. in | mander-like creature that league. As an experienced lawyer he was sure that the proposed reserva- tions would prevent any r the league. These Ohicans should They ar high principle of 100 per cent Ameri can participation in old world affairs. They are belicved to reflect the poli supposed to represent the ies {and principles and desires of him who has been called the father of the league of nations. They a both democrats, both presidential possibili- ties, both wishful. donbtiess, of the support and influence of that eminent democrat. One or the other is wrong in this matter. Both cannot be right Do they reflect di 1z democratic views of the world conrt proposal of President Harding? And if their present differcnces premonitor of a democratic “spi enemies of the republican today busily engaged in predicting a in those even as party = ——— Well, it was some wedding. tion has arisen in certain minds as to Jjust what in the way of ministerial fees a duke has the A ques royal to pay Archbishop of Canterbury, Archbishop | | p] make in this country a rival of the | the of York, Primate of Scotland, Bis] of London and dean of Westminster for making him a husband. ———— “Bleeding Kansas™” scems to zet into trouble as easily as did Job. First In- dians, then border’ ruffian grasshappers. prohibition long befc her neighbors and now a queer sala s killing off her cattle. —_——— Babe Ruth placed a poppy in Presi- dent Harding's lapel Tuesday and the crowd roared its approval. Tt will roar even louder when Babe gets his good conduct medal pinned by Judge Landis. ————————————— on “Planes or: submarine: Admiral Moffett. Now if we can only arrive at submarines that may be laurched from giant aircraft the circle will be complete. announces Welcome, Crowds! of the Shrine l,”’": continue to grow. tir of automobiles that would be iven to Washington it was first esti- stimates week nated that the number might reach | 20,000. Very soon afterward the esti- mate was raised to 30,000, and a little i while later to 35,000. Then the sug- gestion was unofficially made that 60,000 automobiles from all parts of the world beyond the District lines might be honking for parking space in June. And if that many do honk j for entrance to the city of cities they will find the reception committee on its job and a pleasant green stand in @ public reservation ready for the visiting auto. In the matter of men, women and children the first estimate by the Al- mas Temple committee was that a delegation of 300,000, representing all America, would call on Washington in the opening week of June. The latest, but probably not the last, estimate by the principal Shrine week committee is that half a million people are mak- ing ready for the pilgrimage to Wash. ington. Tt is said that the railroads are finding it necessary td put a limit on the number of travelers they will | undertake to bring from points along their lines. This is sorry news. It is hoped that the rafiroads will not have to do anything of the kind. Let there be no breakdown in rail transporta- tion! Bring out the locomotives and the coaches, the sleeping cars, the sleepless cars and the smokers and bring the people to Washington! “The more the merrfer” is an aneclent sidential residence should not ! not go into the league through par-| while | tions with | the | lones, | THE EVENING STAR, WASHIN phrase. Let them come. Washington is making ready. The gates of the city will be flung wide open. So far as the gates are concerned, and so far as constitu- tional hospitality permits Washington will be a wide-open town. The water- works are being enlarged, and the fountains will run and play night and day. Sandwich-making machines will work overtime, and there will be no elght-hour day for coffee pots. All homes are hanging their latchsirings on the and Dbeing If there are mnot enough th unreasonable persons who insist on going to sleep in Shrine weelk old-fashioned pallets can be made up on the floor Glad to sce you coming, crowds! Washington will do her best to make you €eel at home! outside, extra cots are made up. cots for That First Home Game. After a preliminary warm-up in two other cities, which resulted in a standing in the games won and lost columns, the Washington base ball club yesterday made its bow before a | plus-capacity audience in this city. 1t was a notable occasion, a day made to order for the game, a distinguished assemblage, headed by the President | | | important to the faithtul ones who are the mainstay and support of the sport, a victory for the home team. factory to start the Tt is always sati n. No matter season with a wi victories are later scored, about that fi seems to count fo ix on the right side. A vietory in the presence of a multi- tude of enthusiasts is bigger than one achieved before a scattered squad of thick-and-thin attendants. Yesterday the winning was accomplished with dramatic features. A game, a pitchers’ duel. many chances to score shut off by hair-raising plays. a tense situation with the bascs filled by enemies and the forcign batsman en- | joying a three-nothing count against i pitcher, only to whiff on the next e pitched balls! Then the satisfac- tion of trouncing a hurler whose name ofore been anathema { Washington for his uncanny skill: { What will Washington do this year | The a varying terms Laccor mients of the me old story!” say “Watch our smoke!” say others. “The worm will now proceed to turn 15t declare the per t ver the home how there Lome many something me that more. if the scc bas her to swer comes in n% 1o the temper spondents, { some. nial opti wh that the capital will stand ! the finish it is assured that the games the Georgia avenue ball park this will be well attended, and will areat of enter: ment for those who witness them. is @ great same. whoever wins. ——— nis are wtening to back up the fight of their daughters against expulsion from col lege for smoking. Boy, p teenth century? ¥ ents mists team repres at eld a measure It ¥ with) legal means ———————— Tivo women and ten 1 all- ne child were hit- ne day. The old ling law may have been the canines, but it was a good * on human beings. dogs here in romu; ard ¢ deal eaus: ——— Mounts 1t pted again. however. and Strombe Vesuvius and are quiet for have Musso = lini being —_——— it has newspaper stated been t in at least model to be constrneted south one he “hetter Lo of the of the Tl . but praise e House w of John avne s an did not write of “Home, Sweet Home.™ 1ie a repliea Parton nceon me Payne plished man i he the son —————— Andre Cltroen. 1 1tomaobile anc manufacturer., larges plans 1o il'nl'(l which will be both cheap and a “beauty.” Will they be called ,"Ll.\('!hs : i SHOOTING STARS. 1Y PHILAN JOHNSON The Automobile. s fine when the world is an automo- bile That merrily w you along. | Where the sunshine is bright and the 1 stars seem to feel In humor for laughter and song. 1t's fine when the motor with steady refrain Keeps up its reliable pace, And there’ complain— it's fierce when a breakdown takes place. But A mile trifle. swift That we scarcely know how it was made. i« a The flight is so 1 | one a lift Who is toiling on foot up the grade. It's fine when the world like a motor car glides, With nothing its progress to balk, But it's fierce when it skids or stalls or collides, And you find you must get out and walk. it So let's bear in mind when it's our turn to speed At a rate that is swift and secure, The fellow compelled on his way to proceed At a gait that is plodding but sure. Then stifle your pride as you thought. lessly plan A scare with the whistle or gong, And remember to leave right of way for the man Who has to keep trudging along. A Confession. The fan declares he views the game ‘With abstract admiration For players who are known to fame Throughout this mighty nation. He says he likes to contemplate The points of science nifty. It is his joy to calculate Percentages 80 shifty. But some are savage, more or less, In thelr exhilaration. Their fierce emotions they express ‘Without articulation. And—frankly—to the park I prance, And blithely pay my dollar, Not to admire, but for the chance To sit outdoors and, holler. of the United States, and, what is most | the time | never a reason to fret or! In t | Nor think of the chance to give some | he mat-; WASHINGTON BY FREDERIC While Hiram Johnson has been garnering corroboration of prejudices in Europe, California republicans have been busy organizing for 1924 on be- half of Warren G. Harding. The President's stock, this writer is au thoritatively informed. was never higher the t than tod; A “League of Harding Clubs” has re- cently been formed, and, according to present indications, it will present a list of delegates to the republican n {tional convention, headed by Gov. Friend W. Richardson. “Such a ticket,” it is stated, “will sweep the stute very easily, so there's every in- dication that California will be lined {up strongly for Harding when the roll is callcd next June at the repub- {lican national convention.” Gov. Rich- ardson ran 12,000 votes uhead of the Johnson senatorial ticket in the No- vember, 1922, election, glthough John- son faced a much weaker candidate than Richardson did. * on coa The most of all interna- tional law topics—Uncle Sam's rights beyond the three-mile limit—will be the opening theme af the two-day meeting of the American Society of International Law in Washington. The question, “Is the jurisdiction of the United States exclusive within the three-mile limit? Does it extend beyond this limit for v purpose?’ Wwill be discussed tonight by Pro Philip Marshall Brown of Princeton iversity and by Fred K. Nejlsen, rrly o solicitor of the Stute D t Both speakers are likely to mention n ancient decisic cavated by Mrs. Mabel W. brandt. assistant attorney gene the ted States. In conne with pending disputes with Great Britain M Willebrandt, who han dies prohibition cases at the Depurt ment of Justice, has revived a de- elsion by Chief Justice Marshall of the United States Supreme Court This clothes American officiuls with the right. under certai to operate anywhere witht twelv nile customs limit “Lovering statutes.” dating from earliest days of the republic decision s stll considered law” by Uncle Sam and will voked in the dipiomatic the British over our right form: engaging in ru current the unde the be to o ships -runnin; * * of Ph The publishes in urnal May wing th I Tor el Farm its Ameri endless inating chart she farmers vari of suurces of money. The eighteen different sources Investing public Federal reserve systen United States Treasury National Agricultural poration Nutional Rediscount Cor Federal Intermediate T War Finance Corporation Credit-Union Bullding Association Friends or relatives Local bank. Stock Loan Con altural Credit ' have an t horrowing tabulates follows and Loan Federal Land Bank Joint Stock Land Mortgage hanker, etc Farm Loan Associat an agent ive At emarks will any sours iy no one ca re not enouxd ati “Too Journal farmers credit hereafter i tite Toe comdition~, | The “good | OBSERVATIONS WILLIAM WILE Who's the most popular man in Washington? Harding? Wilson? Hughes? Hoover? Taft? If the Dis- trict of Columbla were not the Cinderella of tiie nation, and its resi- dents had votes in addition to the privilege of paying taxes, one man would come mighty near to winning the popularity prize. He is George H. O'Connor, lawyer by profession and singer by predilection. Although he's vi president of a successful title insurance company, few know him except as a warbler of dialect ballads. ~ Hardly a public dinner Is complete without him. His average is ten banquets a wee A relative who is coming to town this week for @ banquet invited George to accom- pany him. “It's like asking a letter carrier to take a wal was the reply O'Connor's “He Ain't Relation of Min is as familiar and almost as beloved in Washington as “The Star Spangled Banner.” 's a screaming rlesque on “joiners” and is destined to send the Shriners into paroxysms of mirth in June. O'Connor is a na- tive »m of the Dist t. x * x Our naval flag ment in many se our ships of w Japan, floats at the mo- 5. The addresses of include Cuba, China, Philippine Islands, Turkey, Egypt. Russia, Greece, Syria, Canal Zone, Santo Domingo, Gibraltar and the West Indies. The United States st Squadron, including the hip Pittshurgh, dis- ez various points in the will figure in the cable y& us the Laussane con- ference drags along. Our bluejackets in evidence at inople, s, M . msun, Smyrni, the Piral zond and in the Dardanelles, miral An- lrew T. Long, soon to come to Wash- ington as chief of the bureau of navi- gation, is in command of our Euro- peun sea forces. * x ¥ ver is Senator Burton K. Wheeler of Mon- tana, who is now fraternizing with the soviet at Moscow, sometimes is en of as democratic “white hope” 21 He is voung, able, aggres- and progressive He will take Senator Myers' seat In Con- in December, Men and women ve met Wheeler in Washing- h t election are fav- His hobnobbing « is said in no- mpathies w ut to T informa red geo. presiden- iwn't as “far w ho h: ton sine rably i Vith the reds in Rus izt " be areh of fir<t-han Montuna wraphically tial timber, b as California < rec v tion is consid possible. for it The booml of Senator ( inauzurated oo pehalf luss for the demo- carceship s said to desire of many Senator Oscar Dixie support s the favorite son southern de to the c Underwood's nor Glass o with rte . s stan he southerners not to let w fathered by the Underwond “F the ranks of srogressive Servatis apposed with which asociated nd, n if h 3 Wils to 1 w were Wilse nfluer in the Virg Dominion 1 to the e old eertain natie (Coprright, 19231 EDITORIAL DIGEST America’s Merchant Marine Must Remain a World Transportation Factor. Taran ratfon. On that point t d out is something clee o Shipping Board its 1 stion. argu n Lasker to the right ing Chairm ;and attention { therefore must {ing. Others i the fault La Folle men's law, hampers. SUIl others take the View that all that tried to keep the fleet & {nas chance remedy views do not cussion in any way “As a means of preserving the fleet. and safeguarding its for the fu ture. 1 t cannot we New York problen wped that the government in the suc- the present given time situation and have a e is with which sist 1 should be now is ng until Congress to suggest @ political the dis- another Ge spe 2. to enter rally seem present s be argues the Tribune 1t re ut main to be b nd th terested shipping being equally i cessful bridging emergency and to private W hip and may reach some understanding to that end and avert a serious setback to shipping.” Sacrifices in price of ships on go | ernment valuation are in sight, & cording to the Pittsburgh Chronicl Teclegraph, “so there will be nothing inft for to run the ness man would thi t their lkewise be little New Orleans Times-Pica that “the country will approve a de- cision to hold a operate the vessels a while longer under government con- trol because the sole ulu'l'l{dl'\"e is that proposed by the Steamship Ow | ers® Association, involving prohibitive sacrifice of the public investment in shipping, while leaving the nation pretty much in the same unhappy fix, with respect to a merchant v.l'larlne, that the world war found it in. So far as the demands of the private owners are concerned, the Albany Knickerbocker Press feels they are “comprehensive” and also make it “apparent that the right and wi: thing to have do would have been to authorize a subsidy. amounting to much less than the present Shipping Board deficit, under which private ownership and opers tion would have developed an e {fective policy. It may be expensive | for the government itself to keep the lines open, but it may be also that it certain of the private shipping in- terests have been bluffing up to now, it will call the bluft.” In this coh- nection the “administration is right as the Philadelphia Bulletin sees it, in its program to “stimulate, en- courage and protect private American enterprise and to assure it &n oppor- tunity to compete with the enterprise of any foreign nation on equal terms. The principle of ship subsidy is the traditional principle of protection. and it is a far departure from that principle, not merely to deny its validity as applied to the develop- ment of a merchant marine, but, ! whila withholding encouragement, to | discourage and defeat private enier- jprise by maintaining government competition at the expense of the public_Treasury. Responsibility res upon Congress. which refused Presi dent Harding's program for shipping protection.” Attention is called, in_this partic- ular connection, by the Wilkes-Barre Record to the faot that “the next Congress may go even farther than to refuss a subsidy. It may refuse to appropriate money to make up the deficits that private opergtign may over of a return operation, ships themselves. No busi- k of letting the docks." There doubt. as the yune sees it, what good demand is esa to ‘ ¥ stan ¥ would most astonishing examples @ stubborness in the re- Mar- thig position the alis atte o whers most of plan and 8o to the % of the expense of putting the government into business on the sen as well tha shore That be the object lesson which may haet at cost of tuition the Memphis Commeretal-Appeal ds: “Who can guestion the price when it comes to the ques- tion of uplolding the place America il in world of trade Admitting all of the ohjections that woffered to “public ownership,” the Chattanooga News feels “the great 1v of the people would prefer it Treasar to rivate own o 1 would have ownership retained in ll d during the war, st sugmested ex ily sueceed if the in to_prove it York Globe holds the majority of Americans, landers as w mounta ers, well as the dwellors on the coastiine would oppose the disposal of th fleets now owned by the govern to any possible foreign purch. The oppusition to the ship subsidy bill wa in part directed at the sub- sidy principle and in part at the par- ticular m <ure which, even to many of its patential benefleiarles, seemed tho dungerous. 11 certainty did mot evinee a lack of interest in th fundamental issue of develo n Amer N merchant marine, The Femedy. goes on the Jacksonville Times-Union, is “a repeal of the laws that prevent the oberation of - an American merehant | marine at - a Profit” Not only is this a fact, but, the Seranton Time believe: there must he general approval that “in 8o far as the of the vessel con- cerned, the government is willing to take a loss It purchasers guarantee to maintain the ships in service. It begins to look as if the United States will again have a great merchant ma- rine without resorting to subsidy.” There are two alternatives in facing the situation, which, summed up by the Columbus State Journal. are “if the government should get out of the merchant marine business it would suffer & big loss, which would he charged to war account and marked off the books once and for fall. If it should stay in, we fear the {loss would be « continuing affalr, one more obstacle to the reduction of fed- eral taxation to a reasonable peace basis.” This argument hardly meets the approval of the Bangor Commer- cial which, in turn, suggests “the only way out if we are to maintain our merchant marine to its present standard, appears to be to continue the operations of the Shipping Board,” { while the Charleston Post instats it is | auestion of very large importance tand should, it possible, be held free of partisan politics ‘and e set- - tled on its merite. In the decision of ; this particular question, however, the Kansas City Times feels “the board |and the administration ought to be able to convinde the country of the I'heed of maintaining the national ship- ping. Oncé the. public is aroused to the situation Congress may be ex- pected to sanction some practical plan to keep the government's ves- sels in operation.’ In “standing pat” Chairman Lasker {15 in the right, the Atlantic City Press agrees, because if he had allowad the discontinuance of the American lines ‘higher ocean transportation rates” would have followed. Which is very_much, In part, the opinion of the Detroit News in suggesting the “publlc should conslder the matter with a determination that the issue shall be American pollcy and not per- Bonality.” o subsidy ted. “in its de ats government, must time wike | wi be And in tune a heavy have are h will ha intention The New iment ing 1 fa good w the NG''ON, D. C., FRIDAY, APRIL 27, 1923. April in the Country. Wind and weather, Fur and feather; Sun and shower, Leaf and dower: Man and labor, God and neighbor: Dew and twilight. Hearth and firelight. MAUDSLEY MAYNARD. BACTERIA AND BREAD The Argument for Wrapping the “Staff of Life” to Prevent Disease. To the Bitor of The Stai May I intrude to you on your editorial Bread,” which appeared on April s. You call attention to the newer knowledge of bacteria “which has proved many things” and to the effect thatdrivers hands are notclean enough to handle bread meant for human consumption. In both these points you are exactly right, and the baking industry is right with you in your contention. You may be interested to learn that this “newer knowledge of bacterla” was born in a bakery in the first place and that therefore it is a very poetic justice which _brings the knowledie back from the people in the form of a demand for wrapping of bread. Irom Adam's time down until about 11865 “dough riz” as the housewife {said, and nohody’ even guessed at the reason. Scientists and philosophers wrote of “spontaneous generation” and believed that some quality of the flour itself caused the fermeénta- tion of the dough, Pasteur's Discovery of Yeant. Then came the discovery of the nature of yeast by Louis Pasteur. It isn’t too much to say it was the most important discovery of the modern world, for it gave us the “open sesame’ to the whole world of miscropic molds, bacteria and yeasts. which are now brought 8o splendidly under the control of man. Bukers for years have had to fight a tiny bacterial organism known as B. Mesentericus. They have stopped its growth in flour by adding vinegar. That has changed the hydrogen ion concentration of the flour. as the chemists say, and o the bacterium could not_get its necessary food. Louis Pasteur cried out agains congratulate “Wrapped Sunday, but it was not until the middle of the world war that the doctors caught up with his mea . Then they cured angrene with a simple chlorinated Uh—the Dakin solution—just %s Ad loug curcd a flour trouble. It is strange how intimately all mod- fence and industry are interre- Louis_Pastenr alone we now and honor as the father of ine. hailed as such by medical associations. In our American Tustitute of Baking we are just rearing a statue to him as {“the father of modern baking.™ Silk calturists honor him as the father of the modern silk industry with its guara of freedom from worm- Rilling discases. The science of bac terfology certainly akes its ris from his work and his ardent defense of his findings under heavy assault Dust and Germs. that work has only just begun : o< vou to resent bare-han work on bread. But vastly more im- yrtant than keepin hands from to keep dust from brea the ome bhiz merm carri spored up. arc harmless find nutriment, and our food ient for them, just as it 1%or us. They dote on sugar and ¢ {make it out of starch. Ther {impartant of all. i to keep stal crumbs away frem fresh bread woman in her home can take a A"“' <on in bacteriology here, Let herlook into her bread box and see how thick i< th Jiation of old crumbs on the bottoni. Her bread box should be cterilized in boiling water very oftea washed in_ tepld wate after th ve stood for hours with food remnants upon Them, will ene day be looked upoi a great carrier—as Ereat as open which drinking passes id-infected house they | | | g case diteh in v Tere e can ad ling water again the housew inee a step by turnit or upon her dishes down to perature n owork in You sec up an endless field Ton for “have ad- tell vou that bakers ~f 1o all been “bugs preach it to our and tell them [am very proud to wreat’ srccessful iday have practically {on sanitation.” We { industry constantly levery way we can discover for ad- vandine 1. K. RUSSE Fditor, Baking Technolo Chicago, April 19, 1623 Women Voters’ League i and League of Nations To the Editor of The Star: In The Sunday Star. April N. 0. Messenger, speaking of the an- nual of the League of Women “That o lution denouncing the | United States into the league of na- { tions, but favoring President Hard- ing's plans for adhesion to the inter- national court of justice.” May 1 call the attention of your correspondent and his readers to the fact that no resolution denouncing the entry of the United States into convention Voters, says: sanization adopted a reso- entry of the to the convention of the League of Women Voters? What happened was this: | The committes on “international co-operation to prevent war.' desir- ing n resolution that would author- e the league to ask senators to sup- iport the world court idea, recom- {mended the following resolution: “Resolved, that we pledge our ac- tive support to the proposal of the President and Secretary of State for participation by the United States in the permanent court of international justice, believing this to be the first Step toward the outlawry of war.” This resolution was amended on motion of Mrs. Charles F. Tiffany, a New York democrat, by adding the ords, “And toward that fuller and more far-reaching international co- operation which is necessary to pre- vent war." ‘Additional resolutions passed were: “Resolved, that we urge our gov- ernment to take further steps to abolish causes of war and to abolish war itself by association with other nations for the maintenance of abid- ing_peace.” YResolved, that we call upon all citizens of the United States to unite in support of every constructive ef- fort toward permanent world organi- zation for peace, without regard to party affiliation.’ These amendments were carried after a debate that clearly indicated that the women were voting on the world court as a step toward the league of nations and were accepting the league of nations under the word “association. As an officer of the league said, “They do not mention the league of nations by name, but there it is, fully organized. Nobody has yet created a substitute for i 1t Is evident that your correspond- ent, like many others, was misled by the headlines of a partisan republican press. 1 shall courtesy of Mr. Messenger's statement, which, .1 am sure, he made under misappre- hension of the facts. EMILY NEWELL BLAIR, Vice Chairman, Democratic Natlonal Committee. greatly appreciate your in printing this correction The convention ‘of the League of Women Voters at Des Moines rejected an amendment to the resolution on the international court which p posed to add the words: “And the gntrance of the United States into the league of nations.” ‘was upon this fusal that the Ac&mlon of The Star's artiele was baged. gangrene during the riege of Paris, | Mr. i the league of nations was submitted CAPITAL KEYNOTE BY PAUL V. COLLINS Even the hens are getting higher education. In New York a soldler has trained a squad of hens to do “squads right” “squads left” and eft oblique” (pronounced “oh- blike”) and to halt, “at ease” and “as you were. Not to be outdone, and permit New 1 York hens to cackle over the Depart- ment of Agriculture, Secretary Wal- lace has renamed eggs. In our davs of callow youth everybody knew that “eggs is eggs”; later grocers divided them Into “eggs,” “fresh eggs” (not over a year in storage) and “strictlies,” which were honest-to-goodness real hens' eggs, never acclimated in cold storage. But then we found Tutank- hamen's tomb and it is decided that n modern eggs “by any other name, will smell as sweet. * * Mr. Wallace tells us that there! are several'new species of eggs. There | are “U. S. special That is the kind that millionaires use in omelettes. They are in the class of gourmand diet such as nightingales’ tongues and dissolved pearls. Next come U. S. extras. No. 1, afid U. S. extras, No. 2. The first is what we serve when “real nice company” comes, but we only give them. secretly marked, to the company; the famlly must eat No. 2a. Sound dirty shells, No. 1 and No. 2, an be worked off on farm hands, but are should be taken to sec that N {17is on top of the dish and No. derneath. Last, but not least. checks.” These are ren classic phrase about Greece, grease, but living grease me The hecks” are still eggs, an the good old da; before the mov drove out the Hamlets and little Ev they were very useful. “Squads—halt! One! Two'! At ease'" * x k% ‘The official announcement of these ¢ggs says: “The department is offer- ing the suggested grades to the ezg industry for trial”® We are open- minded and willing to try a dozen of the United States specials, if any one else will take up the white man's burden, as to the checks. + it Which part of the fowl jserve vou—white meat or da come the ndful of the T shall 1 > That | question will have no more®terrors to the willing and polite host, fearing that all will prefer the white meat only. A new breed of chicken has been sent to Washington by our con- general. W. H. Robertson, o tuenos Aires. It is all white meat. | { The chicken was captured in Pata- gonia. It is now at the Zoo, busy laving blue ezgs which will hateh white r 1 chicks. That beats Easter rabbits and their colored eggs. (las them “Patagonia extra specials.” * % % Two companies of Scouts rica—Troop €3 and Troop oy of A Mills last.Sunday and spent three or | i demanding jleft their recreation camp near Burnt | | four hours fighting a forest fire near | silver Spring. They succeeded { stopping the fire, too Tha real service. ltimes better than danc the The hoys not only hard, but they emartica inteiliz It ot with equal success Would it net be a radical if some cne should start a contest of heroic service for both girls and boys—a contest not meant to inspire personal vanity? For example. in- stead of a marathon dance to find tie stoutest heart resisting dilation, and leopatra election to attest’ the regular features—instead of ating personal vanity —we wers girls vie with one another « their power to accomplish the hest houseKeeping stunts, m the be dress and serve as the best help « their mothers in the homes. Ol fashioned. maybe. but useful ways than one How many bovs are pla rdens? Land can purpose. and E ener guidince, can ge of his fresh vegetables : of crazy dancing foolishness. it change j for ¥ ' Religious Hatred BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. | New elements of strife and of wa are cropping up in the entire eastern {pertion of Europe in connection with {religion, which during the last ten ears has played comparativel negligible role in all the internat {conflagrations of the eventful period | For the massacres by the Turks ir {Asia Minor. both prior and subse- fquent to the armistice of 1918, w due to racial. rather than to religious | ratreds. and if the bolsheviki took to persecuting the clergy in Russia, it w the object of compelling them to sur- render the huge treasures of their churches, rather than from any de sire to destroy every vestige of re- ligious sentiment. | Now, however, a new situation has arisen. In Rumania, for instance, half of the kingdom. especially the newer moiety, embracing no less than two and a_ half million Magyars in Transylvania alone, e up in arms against the new constitution. whic has just been enacted by both houses jof parliament at Bucharest. For by {the terme of the union of Transy vania with Rumania, signed by King Ferdinand at Alba, he guaranteed all the religious rights of the people of Transylvania, especially of the non- orthodox churches. This agreement on the king’s part was embodied in the treaties concluded by the congress | ; equal | Tul remainder of the perse of Versailles, in which the rights of the different churches in Rumania were emphasized. But the new constitution violates all the Greek Orthodox rite is 'pro-| claimed the state and ruling church of the kingdom, with a predominant voice in all matters of education, etc. The result of this Is that the Gree |Uniates. the Roman Catholics, the Lutherans, the Calvanists, the Jews, and even the Moslems, are all dete mined to fight, each one of them, for their faith and for the safeguarding of its interests. Indeed, so serious is the situation in Rumania, and 80 bit- ter are the rivalries anl resentments, mainly of a religious origin, that sanguinary disturbances are general even in the streets of Bucharest, and that the dynasty is regarded by many as imperiled. * & % Religious dissensions are llkewise largely responsible for the grave un- rest in Serbla, where the veteran statesman, Pachitch, who has weath- ered 50 many storms during the last forty years, and who is in every sense of the world the grand old man of that country, has found it absolutely impossible to maintain himself any longer in power or to form an admin- istration. In Russia, the bolsheviki junta in control at Moscow, make no secret of { lion of the fact that now they are not merely resolved to divest all the churches of every remnant of their treasures, but to obliterate all Christianity, and to wipe out of existence every religion— ‘even that of the Jews and of the Mos- lems. * ok k¥ 12 these | the Russians. pledges of the Rumanian crown, and | if this form of revense is zoing Lastly, the Poles upon whom we have been relying so much to serve as The reaction from stunts. on vanity, is due right now some |s that handsome docs,” and w. have had vanity contests ad nausenm The country would upplaud a boy c glrl who ‘did things really wort while. all hase “Hand % % The Department the has opened fmmense tracts of western land for settlement exolusively by veterans of the world war. There is a tract of 222,700 acreas Miatie 24,000 acres in Montana and som~ thousands each in New Mexico ana Colorado. Unless the settler | tablish himself while developing his farm, L to “watch his step’ has had vractical farn will profit by gettins the farm economics burcau of the Tn partment of Agriculture, and learr ing something of the vicissitudes o farmers operating M Statistics. publisied wit week, showed how farms of d ’ their expertonced Small acreage, except in specialized crove, like f ot hardly every pay the farmer mor than a bare living, conside than “ordinary laborer's cities. and such farms are u at a loss, as shown by statistics. These facts are not told view to discourage farm what the country is 1s mriculture, hut the infe veterans s and indepe e more im than the breaking of ur cres, where th rainfall 1@ wat irrigation heol hepe for crops. “Wateh © % of Interto 4 means to rx aking an. do v unless )it wi on farms tars B i & uaily departy 1th bette th into im Wash An the Lakeries will strike worke the 506 in Etor hou night promisa h to keep baking enough ing can suppl: lic wants. why g0 back (o wage-ea ubstitute profits for hours us suit the men w what bread the the 1 s the that they one 1k rehe crease of pri will be a revival « housewives. There than hot biscuits i the home kltcher director of demands results t the o hdve heen in‘train erans w than t1 they we ning to show the ine by earn training 1 their 1 s Gen. Hines pointe o nected with t ning i ployment of te u officials Thes mpetent o young veter work is best The result Legin s for wh v siealls 3P Vi N Long Dormant. Threaten Europe With anguinary War: a harrier western civilization againet K and Tar barbarism, as exer Ru the likewis preser inz torture Catholic down the blot o turesque spee ity of Warsaw recomn decade foundation q pie. S e lus ve iowas built Stone in 1801, o St Alexander Nevsk sided offect to t Rquare, with its i of architecture ed ‘cupolus campani it to rem most striking expulsion of 1t ilnstration of Polish n 10 Muscoy phos Of course Poles for Nevski C: reg e thedral at Warsaw as a hate- oppression which they had to ex for considerably over a century But, on the other hand, d become general, we may 1 ourselves confronted with the danger of losing many historic monuments and marks of the past, and there might be danger in the improbable event of success re rding the sinister efforts of those maligna gitators who are endeavoring to stir up trouble, and a1 the expense of the ench and the English, an gallic coup of F nee: over British intercsts, either in Europe or in the neur east, might lead kng lish mobs 1o pull down the naves the cathedrals of Ely and Carlisle, the transepts of Winchester or the cryp! of Canterbury Cathedral, because they constitute a remarkuble expression of the influence of French art upen Brii- ish ecclesiastical architecture, The destruction of the' St. Alexander Newskl Catnedral at Warsaw, which is expected to be completed by the end of May is meant by the Poles as an aot of retaliation for the massacre of tnewr bishops and clergy at Moscow. But, ir razing the cathedral, the Poles aic merely furthering the purposes of the bolsheviki in destroying all places «f religious worship, and in their inteut of Wiping off the face of the earth every vestige of religion; while, when Russus comes into her own again, wh B ver latent religlous—nay. fanatically religious sentiment of the hundred 11 wujiks, at length finds its in- evitable and already assured expressi in the obliteration of bolshevism, as a horribly ghastly but ephemercal nigit mare, it will be remembered by th Russians that their bascilica at Warsa was destroyed nominally to avenge the death of the Polish martyrs at Moscow, but in reality as a manifestation of the inerraticablé, and many century-old hatred of the Foles for everything Tuis- sion.