Evening Star Newspaper, April 19, 1923, Page 2

F o P e BLAME REICHSBANK FOR HARKS CRASH tof L French Also Believed Have Dumped £900,000 in ! Currency on Market. By (e Associnted Press. | BERLIN, April 19.—Beriin finan-| 1 writersyare virtuzlly unanimou in attributing the mark's latest crash 1o @ change in tactics on the part of the Reichsbank. which, they say, is commonly known to have thrown large quantlties of foreign moneys npon the market lately. in order to keep German currency stable. Litde light is cast on what new method of procedure now is contem- plated. but im well informed quarters 't is L t the Rei bank to withdraw its’ intervention temporarily. It plans to plete right ¢ . these sources aflirm, 2 day it will swoop down sud- denly on exchauge dealings and again testore the mark to sobriety. i Made One Last Attempt. 1 In some circles it is said that the Reichsbank decided several days ago that it could not pursue its recent course fn support of the mark, but on the urgent plea of the government 1t made one last attempt to stay the i flond of depreciatio rt to holster the m: cost anothe £5,000.- or just about tle amount su seribed 1o the $50.000,000 loan Ger- many recently launched us a_means of obtaining for curren with which to keep the mark steady. The Lokal Anzeiger \earns in par- Mamentary cireles that 4800.000 in mwarks was thrown on tiwe London ex- da3. The news- aper say finitely known om what sources the oney came, but it assumes that the action was a French manenver desigmed to inter- fere with German efforts toward strengthening the mark us well as to break Germany’s resistance Americans Are Warned. ans about to emter Germany friends here to cnds only i way | but | i ve » press sa change market Ame have been warned b: be careful in changing their not to accept any twen mark bills of the series Six imillion marks’ worth of bills of this series were seized by French military officials and Germar s repudiated the entire issue. Notices have been posted in all the retail shops in Berlin nd other German cities to this effect and dealers refuse to accent the re- pudiated issue The Bank 000,000 marks offered 400.- series to a nk at Cologne, payment, but bills by erlin CABINET MEETS TODAY. i LONDO dispateh f April 19.—A Ceniral News m Berlin says the German today to con- sensational drop vas decided that the gichsbani continue to support the soark, that imports be limited and der the f the mark PRESIDENT BACKS DAUGHERTY’S BLOW AT SUGAR SPECULATORS are a burden and cbstruction to intei stite commerce in grain. Manipulations of grain futures for speculative profit, though not carried to the extent of {a corner or complete monopoly, ex- ert a vicious influence and produce abnormal and disturbing temporary fluctuations of prices that are not re- | sponsive to actual supply and demand and discourage not only this justi- fable hedging, but disturb the normal flow of actudl consignments. A fu- tures market lends itsell to such manipulation much more readily than a cash market.” Sherman Aet Cited. The foregoing opinion was, of course, rendered upon a specific law prohibiting trading in grain futures and there is no speclal law on the books covering speculation in sugar. The injunction just filed, however, is predicated on certain provisions of the Wilson tariff act which prohibit combinations and conspiracles with espect to import purchases find.alio on the famous provision of the Sher- man anti-trust law, which makes It an offense to engage in operations “in restraint of trade.” Although transactions occurred on the Sugar Exchange during February of this year, involving 1,615,050 tons, there were actually delivered, accord- ing to government records, only 900 tons. All the rest wero “paper” sales. The government claims that these speculative transactions tend to Keep up the price of sugar to the detri- it of the consumer and wants the operations of the Sugar Exchange Lrought to an end, arguing that dur- fng the war-—from 1917 to 1920—the tions of the exchange were sus- «d by the United States food ad- | ministrator und that throughout ican history trade in sugar has carried out without the Sugar Exchange and the Sugar Clearing Association, except for the three ceding and three vears fol ag the world war, and that its econamic grave doubt. Cost of Rise Meavy. Every advance in the price of sugar of L cent a pound costs consumers approximately $2,000,000 a week, ac- cording to the Department of Jus- tice statistics, and “any artificial manipulation of the price of sugar Interferes with, burdens and restrains the interstate and foreign commerce of, the United States.” Naturally the democrats who have been insisting that the Fordney tariff act was in a measure responsible for the high price of sugar will keep on contending that the tarlff wall was a factor In stimulating sppculation and that the speculative process did | the rest, but the administration hopes by its legal action to put an end to speculation altogether so far as it relates to sugar. Criminal prosecu- tion is under consideration, too. and the strategy of the government is to obtain a drop in sugar prices by psychological if not by court on, for the argument over the latter will take many months and may ultimately have to be carried to the highest court in the land, as. no doubt, the sugar speculators will contend. as did the boards of trade in Chicago. that dealings in futures should not be interfered with because that there be compulsory registration of all those possessing foreign cur- rencies. Inquiries on the London exchange market with regard to a report printed in the Berlin Lokal Amgelger brought no confirmation of the al- leged dumping of £300,000 in German marks here yesterday. Officials of the ~xchange ridiculed the report, assert- ing that it would be impossible to throw such a sum on the market. HAVRE DE GRACE ENTRIES For Friday ; maiden two-year- urlong: Fear *Gold Mark’ Lady Audrey *Antiquity . FIRST RACE—Clai olds; purse, $1,200; four Lady Celis ... Jackson_. 110 SECOND RAQE_Claiming: and up: purse, $1,200; six furlongs. Frank Waters. Forest Queen *Wellinder *Fuses ... Mustard Seed’ “*Joseph Brani “Pony Express Sancho Pansy Bon Jour Also eligidl Pionic =Cima Kirah 1ra Wil Bultan *Satana . < THIRD RACE—Claiming: maiden three-year- olds end up; purse, $1.800; mile and seveaty Roundsman Anne M. . Night Light Carpathian . Zeureka . 100 FOURTH RACE—Claiming; four-year-olds and up; purse, $1,800: six furlongs *L'Effars . 2 Smeopy o May Bl *Valentia Baby Mine Monastery *Colando” . Red Brand . FIETH RACE—The Classio handicap: three- wear-olds; purse, $2,600; mile and seventy vards. The Clown. 116 1Sctting Sun 12 - 100 8pot Cash Siene Doug h 08 “WHhros pounds clsimed for rider. 01 SIXTH RACE—Claiming; thres-ysar.olds and up: purse, $1,200; mile and a sixteenth. *Bonfire . *May Roberts *8t. Dnn,rd - Porkaps /. Tasn ... *Camouflage By Jiminy Aiken . Guelph *Tony Bus . *Mom ... *Tory Beau Dellahm Jeaquina *Bravo Ring John *Belphrizoni BEVENTH RACE—Claiming: three-year-olds purse, $1,200; mile and sixteenth. . 108 Ticacey ..... . 96 Bmarty 101 *Radical ohnny G Biue Brush 104 ~Ashland *Apprentice allowance olaimed. ‘Weather clear, track f: U. S. FLYERS RUSH FOOD T0 STARVING ON ISLAND IN ICE-JAMMED LAKE (Continued from First Page.) stoutly built skiff eight feet long. They carired one pair of oars, an elght-foot pole and an ax. Haa No Food in Hoat. They had no food. Nearly starved, they took turns at the oars. There was open water for about five miles. Horn, seated in a physician’s office here, told the story as Dr. R. E. Flood treated his frozen feet. “When we ran into slush ice it taok all one man's strength to push he boat & few feet. The ice became tBicker, and we attempted to lift the hoat upon it and draw it along, but 1he ice broke under our feet. ‘We determined to return to the gland, but a stiff wind blew in big ige floes and we couldn't turn back. We kept pushing the boat through ige all Monday night. “Tuesday morning we found a stretch of open water and were able ¢ row about two hours until we ame to solid ice. We abandoned the at and started on foot. We had spne only half a mile when we struck open water again and we went ck and dragged the boat across the ide. After we put the boat in the water we found it leaked badly, and hhil as hard a8 we could, it would not stay afloat. It sank as we bumped upon & large ice floe at 2 o'clock Tuesday afternoon, about eight miles ftom the mainland. Use Ice Cake as Raft. !*We used the ax to chop e large atece, off the flos when we found { employ {are a large part of future trading is done by speculators who make a study of market conditions aftecting prices and trade to profit by their judg- ment as to future prices. Injunction Often Used. The evolution of the injunction in America’s economic and industrial history ever since the Sherman law was put on the statute books.in 1890 is significant. First, the injunction ‘was used to stop the Pullman railway strike of 1894. Then Attorney Gen- eral Palmer used the injunction to get coal for the American people, basing his action on the war-time Lever law. Attorney General Daugh- erty went back to the Sherman law to stop the shopmen's strike and in- sure transportation for the American public. Now he is trying to use the in- junction to give the consumer food at a reasonable price. The govern- ment enters court on behalf of the whole people with a petition in equity. In other words, the power of the federal government in the last generation ls gradually being used to 108 | Zot for the people their necessities of lite—transportation, fuel and food— any group of individuais or corpora- tions, trusts, employers, merchants, or traders who interfere belng fought by the United States government itself. The sugar injunction is the latest and most radical step of all and if sustained will have ramifications throughout other lines of business, for the price of sugar is important not merely to the householder for use In coffee and tea but In many industries having to do with the canning and preserva- tion of fruits, confections and other foodstuffs. (Copyright, 1023.) SEARCH JERSEY SWAMP FOR GIRL BELIEVED SLAIN By the Associated Pre HAMMONTON, N. J.. April 19.—State troopers and Hammonton police today searched Folsom swamp for the body ot a girl who may have been mur- dered. The search was begun as a result of a letter signed “K. K. K.."" postmarked at Trenton yesterday and delivered to Prosecutor Willlam H. Gerahty. “There is & young woman, twenty- six, dressed in expensive clothing, ly- ing_in the marshes near Hammaonton, N. J.. and shot to death by me,” the letter read, In part. e ————eees water at its other end. Then, open | using our pole, we started to paddle, | using the cake of ice as our raft. “About 5 o'clock we started to | walk to land on solid fce, but a stift wind started to break it up. At 3 o'clock, completely exhausted, we laid down in our blankets and slept until 3 o'clock Wednesday morning. The wind was blowing the ice In shore. We started walking and Jumping across short stretches of ice. Cooper fell into the water twice, and it required all our strength to get him back on the ice. We made our jump to_the mainland at 8:30 o'clock Wednesday morning.” The Army planes are expected hers this afternoon. Food supplies and medicine will be ready to be taken to those on the island. utility is therefore open to | THE E SAYS ‘000 TS 1514 0P ISSUE Editor of Party Organ De- clares U. S. Security and Stability ‘Best Arguments.” The National Republican, publish- ed in this city, whose cditor is George | B. Lockwood, secretary of the repub- |lican national committee, is regarded in political circles as often express- ing unofiicially the policles of the |national organization of the repub- lican party. In the current issue the editor outlines what wiil be the re- | publican party’s lssue in 1924, saying | that it will be “good times “Fconomic stability and govern- | mental security wiil be republican- fem’s strongest argument: prosperity will be the republican natlonal ad- ministration's best press agent,” the | editorial goes on to say. The editorial declares that “To shift the line of battle from domestic to international questions would be the height of folly. The stressing of inter- national rather than domestic issues can only create divisions within the republican part This statement might at first seem to indicate dissent from President Harding's plan for iadhefinn to the International Court of Justice, but the next paragraph says “It is not {democratic spokesmen are trying to fdistort President Harding's indorse- [ment of Col. Roosevelt's plan of ‘an {enlarged Hague Court' for advisory {mction on international disputes into a first step toward European polit- jical involvement Highway of Prosperity. “Republican policies have put the {nation back on the highway of pros- | perity and progress. After five years of international entanglement and of cousequent economic disturbance and social unrest the people of this coun- try want a rest from the demands of those who have somehow ‘doped it out’ that the duty of this govern- ment is not chiefly to its own, but to foreign peoples.” The editorfal asserts that “on the surface there is a more insistent de- mand now than ever before for Eu- ropean entanglement. But 'the de- mand Is all on the surface. The peo- ple generally were never so much disinclined as they are today to sac rifice American for alien interests.” The editorful claims that Europe does not want America's advice. “The United States,” it 18 asserted, “is cor- dially ated for the expenditure of blood and treasure already made in the belie that we were promoting world peace. The more help we give as a government the more we will be despised. “Let the opposition raise * rope!’ as their rallying cr: tinues. “Save America be the republican rejoinder. WILSON MAY GUIDE PLATFORM FOR 1924 (Continued from First Page.) ave Eu- it _con- st should processes as thoroughly as they know thelr own hat say there is not the remotest justification for such an im- pression. They assert bluntly: “Wood- row Wilson never changes his mind." They are convinced he is as devoutly and stubbornly in favor of the league for which he fought and broke down in 1819 a8 he was then. He still looks upon article X as “the heart of the league.” He is no more disposed to cut it out now than when he and Henry Cabot Lodge betwcen them, in @a duel of mutual and deadly irrecon- cilability, ground the covenant to death on’Capitol Hill Frankly Radical. One thing, It is declared, can be put down with certainty in regard to the “Wilson platform.” It is frankly radical. It sees chiefest salvation for the democratic party in violent breaks with republican “standpatism.” It does not believe in pussyfooting any- where along the line. As it would oppose drastically President Hard- ing's foreign policy of cautious co- operation in world aftairs, and advo- cate a whole-hog program, so the Wilsonian “platform” calls for sweep- ing domestic reforms. Mr. Wilson vetoed the Volstead act and would not favor side-stepping the prohibi- tion issue by vague references to “liberal law enforcement.” He would, it is contended, simply write an out- and-out wet plank into the demo- cratic creed, as far as that could be done within the intent of the eight- eenth amendment. Mr. Wiison, like President Harding, discerns in the issue of transporta- tlon reform one of the clamoring needs of the hour. He is not in favor of nationalization of the railroads, but thinks rigid control by the Fed- eral government Is essential. Some- thing like government administration of the rallroads during the war, with utilization of the costly lessons then llearned, probably approximates Mr. Wilson's idea of the best means of regulating them in the joint interests of the farmer, the general shipper and the average consumer, as well as of rallroad capital. Current evils in the coal situation, particularly the high prices from which the consumer seems unable to | secure rellef, are thought to have strengthened Mr. Wilson's old-time views in_favor of natlonalized coal mines. He is said to feel there will never be permanent peace in the coal trade, as between operators and miners, or reliable protection for the coal-buyer, until the strong arm_of the government Is stretched over that basic industry. ‘Woodrow Wilson, if he ever cher- ished so illusory a hope, cannot be re- nominated for President His physical condition, plus the hostility of the bosses who :rule conventions, would alone blast it. But Mr. Wilson's hold on vast sections of the democratic party is indisputable. Today it is ac- cepted as axiomatio that his influence is sufficlent to secure in the 1924 plat- form a full “vindication” of his peace and international policles, and to pre- vent the nomination of a presidential candidate who opposes them. There is sure to be an aggressive anti- league minority at the convention. It robably will be led by Senator Jim Reed of Missourl, but democratic party_insiders are ready to give odds that Wilson, not Reed, will prevail. surprising to note that | Would Expand Expansion of the elementary school history course to a fleld wider than merely that of the United States, bio- graphical studies of the heroes of history and an early Insistence upon the topical methods and topical out- line were emphasized as three things desirable In preparation for high school history by Edmund S. Noyes. Central High School history teacher, at a luncheon of the eighth grade teachers of the third division yester- day afternoon at the Powell School. “One phase of grade school history that seems to be most important,” said Mr. Noyes, “is the teaching of historical blography.. It is sound psychologically, for ‘the boys and girls are interested in people rather than in institutions, and it is equally sound pedagogically, for the high school course will take for granted familiarity with the plcturesque per- other history—Ethan Allen, Robin Hood, Wiillam Tell, King Alfred, Po- cahontas. . Texts Often Criticlzed. texts in history criticized for not con- taining these old famillar stories, but this criticiem misses the point, for they are omitted, not because they are of no value, but because they are aiready made familfar by the grade school text. “Who would think of ecriticizin high school text in algebra becaute it did not contain the multiplication ta {SUGAR FORCED DOWN i AS U. S. ASKS COURTS “ontinued from First Page.) foreign trade and commerce in raw and refined sugar. The petition asks also that the de- fendants be perpetually enjoined from malntaining and operating the exchange and clearing house in 8o far a8 they deal in or purport to deal in sugar, and from establishing. main- taining. operating or engaging in the operation of any plan or scheme of like character or designed or intend- ed to establish artificial prices of sugar or to substantially affect prices of sugar by artificial means, or the necessary result of which would be to so establish and affect the price of sugar. Puts Ban on Price Fixing. Further, the petition asks that de- fendants be perpetually enjoined from {in any manner publishing or making { public any price or prices of raw or | refined =ugar being, or purporting {to be, the market price of such <uga jas established by, or observed in transaction on sald exchange. and from attempting to establish the prices named in transactions on said exchange as the market price of sugar to be observed in bone fide transactions actually involving the purchase, sale and delivery of sugar. 1 Must Hold Actual Sugar. ‘The petition further asks that the defendants be perpetually enjoined | from entering into or permitting to be {entered into any transactions on the exchange or elsewhere involving or purporting to involve the purchase, sale and delivery of sugar, unless the person purporting to make such sale has in his possession or under his con- trol a supply of sugar adequate to meet the requirements of such transaction, and the person purchasing or purport- ing to purchase. shall in good faith intend to buy and pay for such sugar and accept delivery as soon as same can be made. ‘The cgurt is told that the New York Coffee dnd Sugar Exchange, Inc., and the New York Coffee and Sugar Clear- ing Association, Inc., “served no legi- timate or useful purpose in the mar- keting In interstate and foreign com- merce of the United States of raw and refined sugar. For Purpose of Manip They exist only as a means of con- tracting and speculating with refer- ence to supplies of sugar, which, in purpose of manipulating the price of raw and refined sugar without Tegard to conditlons actually obtaining in the industry and regardless of the law of supply and demand and solely for lilegitimate gambling. speculative profits and the enrichment of the parties to such wperations and fre- quently to the injury and detriment of those actually engaged in the business of producing and refining sugar and at all times to the serious injury of the consuming public.” The maintenance and operation of the Exchange and Clearing Associa- tion. it is averred, “inevitably result in the establishment of prices for raw and refined sugar, which are wholly speculative and 'artificial, without | proper regatd for the 'conditions which but for said unlawful and un- wolld control economic operations said prices.” Situation More Favorable. During the period from February 1, to date, the situation of the United States and of the world in the matter of available stocks of raw sugar was more favorable than at any time within the last three years, the peti- tion states. adding that “production of cane and beet sugar for 1921-1922 was approximately 1,000,000 tons greater than in the preceding year and the estimated production for 1922- 1923 is 521,000 tons more than for 1921-1922" The United States De- partment of Commerce estimates the 1922-1923 world production of sugar at 19,000,511 tons, an increase of 1,800,000 over 1921, the petition states, explaining further that “the situa- tion in the principal ports of the United States and the United States as a whole, on April 7-11, 1923, was much more favorable than in April, 1922, ¢ @ * There existed during this perfod no economic justification for a sudden or appreciable increase in the price of raw or refined sugar, or for any increase.” Finds Orgy of Speculation. Since February 7, 1923, the petition alleges, “an orgy of speculation in raw sugar has been indulged in through the instrumentality of the exchange and clearing association. Frnormous quantities of raw sugar, greatly in excess of the quantities customarily dealt in and more than the total stock of raw sugar then in existence, have been the subject of fictitious ‘paper’ sales. The transac- tions on the exchange during Febru- ary, 1923 (a short month with two holidays) agsregated 1,515,050 tons, a8 compared with 362,850 tons in Jan- uary. During that month only 300 tons were actually delivered as a re- sult of transactions on the exchange. During March, 1922, transactions sons and’incidents of our own and| “We sometimes hear high school | T0 FORBID GAMBLING | many cases, do not exist and for the | VENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. ¢, THURSDAY, History Study In Elementary Curriculums ble—but the common demand that ele- mentary history he endlesaly repeat- ed 1s accepted without objection. A recent writer of a high school text boldly says in hl reface: ‘“‘We frankly hold that * it is useless to tell the same stories for perhaps the fourth time.’ Favors Blography Work. “Blography is also school teaching, for it makes possible the insistence upon essentials pre- sented logically, clearly and perhaps finally fluently. To secure the clear, logical presentation of essentials nothing can be better than the ‘out line. It makes straight thinking necessary. . “In the new high school history course the incoming pupil will have most dificulty because of the great mass of material and the long stretch {of time covered. Without some abil- |1ty to distinguish the important from ilhe unimportant, he will be doomed to failure. “A fuller treatment of history other | than that of the United States would be valuable preparation for high school. Three Things Desirable. “It seems to me that three things are desirable as preparation for high school histor. |7#1." Blographical | heroes of history. “3. "An early insistence upon the topical methods and the topical out- ine. “3. An expansion of the grade wschool course to & fleld wider than merely that of the United States.” studles of the —~——AAAA,Y—.——_— — | purporting to involve the purchase and sale of raw sugar were had on the exchange to the extent of 937,900 tons. Heavy Commissions Cited. Brokers' commissions resulting from transactions on the exchange in February amounted to approximately $900,000, an average of more than $40.000 each trading day, the bill states, and “the stamp taxes paid the United States government on those transactions amounted to $35,711." “The feverish speculation giving rise to the abnormal and unwarranted Increases in the prices of raw and refined sugar” fs sct forth by the petition in a statement mcluded there- in, contrasting operations on the Ex- change and Clearing Assocfation dur- ing March and April, 1923, with the preceding threo months. Still Carrying Out, Practice. The defendants, by the methods and means described In the petition, it is alleged, “are atill engaged in carrying out their unlawful combina- tion” and conspiracy unlawfully and junreaconably to enhance the prices and to prevent the lowering of prices f raw and refined sugar, and are ‘pur!n!nw their operations with un- |abated zeal” Unless the coust shall ipromptly issue its injunction restrain- {Ing the defendants from carrying out | by means described or otherwise, their sald unlawful combination and con- spiracy, the petition avers, “the fur- ther unlawful maintenance and ey hancement of the present abnormally high prices of raw and refined sugur i will constitute an frreparable public fnjury in that such exorbitant prices Wil be extorted from your petitioner and from the public without pos- sibility of restitution, and especially in that numerous essential industries having to do with the canning and preservation of fruits and the manu- facture of confections and other food- stuffs In which sugar is an essential Ingredient, will be compelled by such | abnormaliy high prices to largely restrict their purchases of sugar in interstate and forelgn commerce and thus largely curtail production’ of such commodities and foodstuffs en- tering into interstate and foreign trade and commerce tothe irrepar- able injury of all sych indastries an of all the people of the United States. Bouxht and Sold Contracts, . The petition ncluded in its allega- tions a table concerning ‘contracts bought and sold (number),” as fol- lows: November, 1922, 9,163; Decem ber, 1922, 6,229; January, 1923, 7,48 February, 1922, 32,038; March, 192, in addition, state the “petitioner is not now eomplaiet ing of operations on sald exchange and through said clearing associa. ton relating to other commodities than raw and refined sugar, said other operations not now being put in issue. and any decree herein should be without prejudice to the right of petitioner in any other proceeding to seek relief against dealings in saiq other commodities.” The New Yori Coffee and Sugar Exchange was char. :;lrne[durhy;n act of the New York leg- e June 2, 1885, and oper: {raneactions relating to coffea until nc 4 L, When the scope of 1 operations was ‘eniarged “to” inounn transactions relating to sugar. Quit Operation in 19 In August, 19 résponse to the request of ] States food administrator, Suspens operations until February, 1 the petition avers, n history of the U: and commerce the exchange, in ed led bruary, 1920, Hence During the entire nited States, trade Sugar was conducted withoce 5 tervention of said exehign without the opportuni tion and manipulation change and the Alljed he i exchange and ty for specula- Which the ex- Clearing Asso- following the world war.” Every advance of 1 cent pe in the Price of refined sugar cosre Sne consumers in_the United States ap. proximately $2.000.000 a week, the bill states, adding that “an: i manipulation of the pri interferes with, burdens the Interstate and fore| of the United States.” thore‘ mu;u twWo months a, e price of sugar began ictus Attorney General Datughercy airoiest that a careful investigation be made by Department of Justice agents with a view to fixing the responsibility for what then appeared to be an un- Justified manipulation of tne sugar market. Acting Attorney General Seymour, who has prosecuted the in- quiry from the start, not only caused the investigation to be made in the United States, but had government agents visit Cuba, where important data bearing on the situation were se- cured. When evidence of a conclusive nature was in hand, Mr. Seymour laid the matter before Attorney General Daugherty, who, after studying the situation, ' directed that the whole matter be laid before the President, Mr. S8eymour, therefore, was present at the cabinet meeting last Friday and again on Tuesday, when he out. lined the results of the invostigation and suggested the course deemed ad- visable by the Attorney General and himself to meet the issue. Mr. Daugherty, who is in Asheville, N. C., gave careful study to the drafting of gn commerce TYPE OF FESTOON TO BE USED AS AVENUE LIGHT DECORATION DURING SHRINE CONVENTION ose. by erected along the Avemue. The street probably mUL present & magnifiegat 4 _decoration of Pennaylvania avenue from the Ci the Shrine committee to have large streamers of alti-col will be fllu [ ored lights atretch across the historic minated ch night during the Shrime comve: tl-n-'fll-u to the large poles that arge streamers and flags 2 'APRIL 19, 1923, PARTICIPANTS IN ENDURANCE DANCE HAVE SOME DIVERSIONS. second grade Upper—R. L. Johnson gets a Lower—Reading newspaper marathon. the bill in equity before it was pre- sented in its final form to the Presi- dent yesterday morning by Mr. Sey- mour. McEELLAR SCORES RISE. Prices of Sugar Unwarranted at This Time, Says Senator. Senator McKellar of Tennessee, democrat, in a statement issued to- day attacking the manipulators of sugar prices, declared that the pres- ent high prices were entirely unwar- ranted. “I want,” said Senator McKellar, “most respectfully and earnestly to make four suggestions to the Presi- dent, which if followed, in my juds- ment, will break up the sugar corner ‘nfd restore a normal price for this prime necessity of life. “First, the President has the au- thority yunder the tariff act of last September to reduce the tariff 50 per cent. This would reduce the price of sugar at least 1 cent per pound. scond, the President can take ac- tion against the sugar trusts and gambl under the federal trade commissid.a et of 1914. Section six epecifically states “upon the direction of the President or either House to investigate and report the facts re- lating to any alleged violation nlfv lnmi-lrust acts by any corporation. the Trade Commission has full power to investigate this situation. It has full power to prevent unfair competi- tion or unlawful trade pra\!l\(‘e!.‘ Third. Section 3 of the Clayton anti-trust act of 1914 will furnish the President and the Attoreny GF!’\- eral ample authority to deal with this sugar situation. These sugar people are |ll’)'0"dld0ub( operating in restraint of tradd. They have be- vond doubt already created a monopoly. { They should be indicted and tried in | the ‘courts as by plain law provided. In these three specific acts the Pres- ident has abundant authority to break this corner in sugar, but he can even Eo onme step further. TFourth. If he were to make a public statement that unless the grip of this trust upon sugar is released and prices efined | restored to normal, he would go before{ o~y gance. the Congress at the December session and recommend to Congress that an excess profits tax on sugar dealers be enacted into law, which will recover in largest measure the unfair and unholy the sugar trusts and other gambiers are now making, the corpora- tions and_trusts would be broken, and ‘normalcy’ in sugar prices—to use the President's own word—would be re- stored. These men will not take a chance into the Treasury of the United States for the benefit of the people| act favorably upon_such a recommendation there can be no reasonable doubt. Question of Tariff. The President is quoted as saying that the tariff does not affect the price of sugar and that this is shown by the fact that the tariff in Canada is less and that the price is greater there. 3 “To say that the price of an article, the production cost of which is 3 cents or less per pound, and the tastt there- on is 1% cents per pound, is not af- }fected by the tariff. is making quite & startling statement, to say the least of it. That he is in error does not ad- mit of a doubt. Again, the President is apparently in error in his conten- tion that the Canadian tariff on sugar is less than the American tariff. The American tariff on sugar works out 1.96 cents per pound. I have before me a_copy of the sugar tariff act of Canada of June 8, 1922, in which the lowest duty is 2 cents per pound and the highest duty, 2.39 cents per pound, depending_upon degrees of polariz: tion. Refined granulated sugar is quoted in New York at 9.25 to 9.40. Refined granulated sugar in Canada is Qquoted in Canada at 10.569. The larger Canadian tariff would seem to account fully for the larger Canadian price of sugar.” TURKISH ENVOY GIVEN FRENCH OIL PROTEST By the Associated Press. PARIS, April 19.—A French protest in connection with the concessions granted the American syndicate for the development of Anatolia has been handed the Turkish representative in Paris, Raghib Bey, it was learned to- day. This protest is similar to the ne recently sent to Angora. French rep- resentations to the United States in the form of exchange of views are in ...gress at Washington, with the American embassy in Paris uninformed Tegarding the nature of the discussion. he impression seems to be growing itol to the White House will probably surpass anything in the history of the city.|here that an understanding is likely to be reached privately between the American and French “interests com- cerning the Damsun-Sivas rallway, ve while dancing with Flo Gentry. ee what press has to say about th TUnderwood & Underwood Photos. |FOURTEEN COUPLES GO { FIFTEEN HOURS IN MARATHON DANCE HERE (Continued from First Page.) sisted that he be shaved. Accompanied by the music of the fourth orchestra that has participated since last night, the barber scraped his face, both men making the operation po: rhythmlc movements of their bodies. Specially prepared food is being sgerved the contestants at specified hours. Trainers demand strict obedi- ence from their charges regarding their menus. Doctors, nurses, die- titians and chiropodists, employed by the dance hall managements, sit on the side lines, ready to administer first aid. Meals are eaten as the dancers whirl around the room. Only one accident has been report- ed so far. After dancing twelve hours li'ld four minutes at the Arcade J. ‘W. Johnson quit the floor because of the fatigue of his partner, Sue Nel- son, and while leading her down the stairs tripped and fell. Medical aid was given at once, and Dr. T. F. Henry said that the dancer’s injuries were trivial. He was later taken to his home. Invite Police In. _When a detachment of police ar- rived at the Arcade an invitation was | extended them to enter the contest by the participants, but the guardians of the law merely waved their clubs and proceeded to investigate whether any regulations were being violated. While the police were there Lieut. Mina Van Winkle of the woman's bii- reau arrived on the scene and made a close inspection, declaring after- ward that while she did not approve of the exhibition, she did not con- sider that the law was being vi lated. “If they call that dancing, said the lieutenant, “then they must be easily satisfied. It looks to me as if they were doing nothing except walking around.” ‘Will Leave Sunday. Gail Borden, one of the managers said that he would make sure no law would be broken, and that It the contest continued un- til Sunday, which he thought was a certainty, the dancers would be ship- ped from the hall to some place in Virginia, as there is a regulation in the District prohibiting public danc- ing on Sunday. Borden was positive the world rec- ord for endurance dancing would be v artificial 1t make these great profits if they |y, roken by the contestants, and sald lee 1of Bugar linow that Congress will force them |tnat among the entrants Were some nd restrains {¢o return thelr unconscionable gains 'of the most scientific whirlers in the The men who entered the contest at the Arcade are: John H. Manyette, street morthwest; Joseph 1741 S _street northwes Baltrolsky and Aubrey W. Gilbert, both of the marine barracks; Ray mond Brunskill, marine barrack Herbert P. Lein, 433 M street northwest; Roger L. Flather, 710 E street northeast; Jack M. Payne, 221 1st street northeast; Wallace C. Mendenhall, 3104 Bunker Hill road. Mount_Rainier, Md; D. J. Mur- phy. 622 Morton place northeast: R. L. Johnsgon, 506 9th street north- west; J. W. Johnson, 3632 New Hampshire avenue; Private Stephen J. Johnson, Walter Reed Hospital; Francls G. Beall, 3239 35th street northeast; M. Leonberger, 222 A street southeast; J. Ghilardi, 1743 Columbia road. The women _contestants include Elsie Barrett, 1014 B street south- west; Ada C. Mendenhall, 3104 Bunker Hill ‘road; Peggy Jones, 1509 King street; Audrey Reed, 15 1 street northeast; Kitty Hyland, Margaret Sprightly, Margaret West and Flora Gentry, and Lou Nelson, Rutland Down at the Coliseum only nine contestants remained on the floor to- day and among these but two were women. Included among these are William Warner and Elsie Weber, who set a record of fifty-three hours at Bal- timore last week. Others at the Coliseum are J. H. Holloran, K. J-Glenn, Edward Fleury, Walter 'Kufer, Isadore Silverman, w. Farrell and Pearl Compton. 1008 Kenyon Baltrush, Joseph ible by the ! { | $10,000,000 CHICAGO LIBEL SUIT IS LOST No Divine Right Today, Rules Higher Court on Newspaper Criticism of City. By the Ansociatad Press. SPRINGFIELD, 111, April 18.—On'y in the days of the divine right o kings could it find a reasonable basis for prosecution, the supreme court o* Illinois stated in dismissing, yester day, the $10,000,000 libel suit filed L the city of Chicago during the ad- ministration of former Mayor Wil liam Hale Thompson against the C cago Tribune. The supreme court's decision, whicu upheld fre€dom of speech and frec dom of press, marked, 80 far as could be ascertained from reported cases the first time any court in the United States had ruled whether a munic pality could be libeled. Recovery for material damages w sought by the city from the Tribu for alleged libelous statements pub- lished by the newspaper in the gu- bernatorial campalgn of 1920 when supported John Oglesby and the ci administration favored Len Sm Credit of the city, the bill char, was_injured by publication of * famatory matter. Rights of Criticlsm. Of the right of fndividuals or news papers to criticize the government' the_court's opinion said: “Since the people are sovereign a: since the magistrates are servants o the people, the magistrates can » wrong, and the people have a fund mental right to criticize them and expose their inefficiency and corrup tions that they may be displaced The court did not pass on the trutl or falsity of the statements printec in the Tribune, but 100k up freedo of speech and freedom of the press “So long as cri*ics of governme refrain from advocating violence « the government's overthrow,” the court sald, “every citizen has a right to criticisa an_inefficient or corrup government without fear of civil, as well as criminal, prosecution.” Of the suit itself the court sa “This action is out of tune with the American spirit and has no place in American jurisprudence.” The libel sult was the first on rec- ord in America in which a municipal- ity sought to restrict criticism of its corporate acts. It resulted from news and editorial articles published in the Tribune. The bill alleged that the ci 1 been damaged, In that the articlee had kept investors from buying bonds of the municipality, and had influ enced contractors and otiers who had business dealings with the city to de- | mand onerous terms of payment. was alleged that the city’s credit had been reduced, and that in this respect it had suffered as would a private ir dividual or an industrial corporation under like circumstances. The bill asserted that the city was suing in its corporate rather tha: its government capacity, and to bring out the distinction. pointed out the numerous ways in which it conductec business through Its municipall owned water works, its department of streets and alleys and its purchase of supplies for fire, police and other departments. Attorneys for the newspaper de- murred to this pleading, and the find- ing of the lower court on October 1i. 1921, was that this demurrer was well founded. The attorneys for the newspaper argued that the city could not separate itself from its pub functions in order to act in the ca- pacity of the private corporation They also declared that if the right of file such a suit were upheld, i’ would be in direct contravention of the free press guarantees of the fed- eral and state constitutions. Defense From Libel. Judge Harry C. Fisher, of the cir- cuit court of Cook county, upheld the contentions of the defense in every particular. He quoted Sectlon 44, Article 11, of the Tllinols constitu- tion, providing that “every person may freely speak, write and publish on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of that liberty” and that the truth, when published with good motives and for justifiable ends, shall be_sufficient defense for libel The judge said that legitimate re- straints on freedom of speech had been narrowed down to four heads— blasphemy, immorality, sedition and defamation. He dismissed the first two as not involved in the suit, point- ed out that counsel for the city had admitted that the Tribune's articles were not seditious and then held that defamation could exist only if the citv could, by some legal fiction, be garded as a private corporation He then said that no decisions of Tilinols courts in which municipalities were involved had even hinted that « city might at will throw off its char- acter of a public governmental agency. He said that the constit tional restraints against interferen with freedom of expression applied with ag much force to a city as it did to the state or any other govern- mental subdivision. Judge Fisher added “This suit is not in harmony with the genius, spirit or object of our in- stitutions. ' It does not belong in our day. Tt fits rather with the genius of rulers who conceived law not in the purity of love for justice, but in the lustful passion for power." BULLET ENDS LIFE OF WM. G. CARTER (Continued from First Page.) mediately went to the house an found, that ' bullst had entered tro top of the head of Mr. Carter. pass- ing through it gnd lodging in the neck. The child, ‘he said, had been sent from the room just a second before the fatal shot. r. Willlam T. Pratt, co y th ofcer of Rockvile. Md., ‘who want <t the scene of the shooting immediat 1y upon belng notified, in company with County Sheriff Stanley Gingell, conducted an investigation following which the health officer said that “it was a clear case of suicide.” No in- quest will be held, he said. Mr. Carter was born_ in 1869 in Prince Williams county, Va. He was educated in the public schools of thix city, where he came at an early age and has lived continously since, He entered the employ off Golden, Love & Co. commission merchants. now Golden & Co.. as general clerk He became a member of the firm in 1893, and since that date had directed the business of the company. He wag a director of the Interna- tional FMnance Corporation, Continen- tal Trust Company and the Congress Hall Hotel Company. He was also a member of “the Columbia Historical Society, a life member of the new City Club. and a membebr of the Board of Trade. He resided at Dela- ware and Taylor streets, Chevy Chase. Md. His office was located at 922 Louisana avenue. Besides members of the family mentioned above, Mr. Carter is sur- vived by his mother Mrs. Anna Golden Carter, and a sister, Mrs. Margaret Baum. Funeral arrangements have not béen completed. There’s a Demand for The 5:30 Edition of The Star In it is reported the day’s-end news—so that as you go ‘home you may be iuléy place all over the world. informed as to what has taken Besides, you'll find featured the financial news, the sports finals and the court program for the folowing day. For Sale by Newsboys and Newsdealers throughout the city !