Evening Star Newspaper, February 3, 1923, Page 6

r u . THE EVENING STAR, ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHI!_WQTON, D. C. BATURDAY....February 3, 1023 THEODORE W. NOYES. Lim ¥he Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office, 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office} 150 Nassau St Chicago Office: Tower nllfllu[!.\n n Office: 16 Regent St., London, England. .Editor The Evening Star, with the Sunday morning aditlon, is delivered by carriers within the ety at 60 cents per month 45 cents per month; Sunday only cents per month. Or- ders may be sent by mail, or telephone Main 5000. Collection is° made by carriers ut the end of each mouth. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday.. 40; 1 mo., 70¢ Dally only........ 00; 1 mo., 500 Sunday oniy All Other States. Daily and Sunday..1 yr., §10.0 Daily only...... 3 $7.00 e Associated Press. s 18 exclusively entitled ation of all news dis- not otherwise credited o the s pub- v vaper and lished herefn. ALl special d It remains to be seen how much the French will gain from the ending of the workers' strike in the Ruhr. The moral victory is on the side of the French it denotes ailure of one rinan measures of re- > far prarent actical effec redound to the Food | azain and the specter | be 1. This en the opposition of s the occupying rtainlyswill relieve the | rom an embarr railway sistance, the pr the hene of trains will move of starvation will may serve to stif the inhabita for French sing predica- | ment. Starvation of the Ruhr people Was not a part of their program, but the spectacle of women and chil hunge & was bound to r sentiment in some mea; advan French were being placed in much the same position as that into which the British government was fc Irish prisoners wi “hunger ! as is now will « rmans. remov to but it ce d to the dis- ced W n en t on rail strike will ¢ coal, around | re-| i v ending of the mov afcct the nen problem The em fuel into it been re- unoccupied Germa moved, and French soldie tinue to halt coal trains at the border. Oon 1, the returned rail | strikers will not willingly transport coai to the French border for ship- ment into France on reparations ac- count, so the coal deadiock, all sur-| face appearances indicate, remains un- | broken. But it would be a most sur prising thing if the French authori- e willing to let it re Both inoccupied Germany are desperately in need of coal, but it| is a situation in which the trump card is in the hands of France. If the Ger- man railway workers will transport coal for shipment into France, unoccu- pied Germany can have the surplus product of the Ruhr mines. If the Germans persist in cutting off their own to spite their faces, un- doubtedly Fra in position to hold out the 1 Return of the rail workers marks a pertial surrender of the Germans to the French program, but out of this the Germans will derive a um of profit. The Ruhr will be | unoccupied Germany will get | no coal. The common sense thing for Berlin to do would be to compromise | on ccal pments, but to do that would mark the beginning of the end of German passive™ resistance. So it is to be assumed that Germany will hold out a while longer, but time and | psychology are working for lhv-f ench, and tHe next breal be more dect 1y in their fa ha noses nder res Roughneck Motorists. safety ‘in the appointment | police, a judge 1y over the Traffic Court and an assistant district attorney to devote his uninterrupted attention * violations of the traffic regulatio There is clearly need for more pokce, for effective regulation of traffic and for more “hard-boiled” discipline for offenders against traffic laws. Pedes | trians are not the only sufferers from careless and ruthless driving. People who drive with great caution and obey the traffic rules complain of danger from drivers who travel so fast that they cannot stop their cars quickly enough to avoid coilision, who cut| exceed the speed limit at and take the right of way from cars entitled to it. Slow and| careful drivers complain that they are | in constant danger of being run into By the other kind of drivers. The present police force is doing the best it can, and it is a pretty good “best,” but the police are almost powerless to curb tho offenders. If additional traf- fic police are appointed it might be well to make them plain-clothes men. Police at crossings are almost uni- formly obeyed. Sight of a policeman in uniform is a signal for the reckless and unruly driver to affect good man- mers. With no policeman in sight the roughneck driver follows his own sweet will. The streets uptown, down- town, crosstown, everywhere about the town, are becoming “impossible” for pedestrians and for quiet and .:derly auto drivers. German statecraft has not ignored | @ study of the policies of masterly in- sotivity. Military Road. A bill is pending in Congress to change the name of Keckuk street to Military road. The only section of the system of military roads built during the civil war to serve the defenses of ‘Washington north of the Potomac and stil] bearing the name “Military road” is that road which leads west from Brightwood through Rock Creek Park to Rock Creek Ford road. From the west end of Military road e street has een opened to Wisconsin avenue, and is one of the main ways into Rock Creek Park from the west. That street 48 called Keokuk, and in connection with Military road makes & nearly straight drive across the northerly Past of Rock @reek Park from Wis- Cays - consin avenue to Georgla as many an old Washingtonian would ' has so enue, or, | doubtedly was true. No ni intelligently analyzed our say, from the, Rockville pike to the|scheme of government and soclai 7th Street pike. The bill to give to)fabric as Bryce analyzed them in his Keokuk street the mname Military road, of which it is a continuation, has been passed by the Senate and is pending in the House, having been fa- vorably reported by the House Dis- trict committee. The subject calls to mind the civil war military roads of the District and neacby country. The first of the military roads was bullt in the fall of 1861 from the earth- works—Forts Marcy and Ethan Allen —on the heights above Chain bridge to the line of Arlington forts at Fort Strong. That road, three miles long, was built by troops under direction of Capt. B. S. Alexander. In the winter of 1861-62 a road was built behind the Arlington lines to the rear of the de- fenses south of Alexandria and Hunt- ing creek—Forts Lyon, O'Rorke, ‘Willard, Weed and Farnsworth. In September, 1862, a road was built linking up the works west of Wash- ington and overlooking the Potomac with those in the valley of Powder Mill run, with Fort Gaines at what is now the intersection of Nebraska and Massachusetts avenues, and then east- rd to Fort Stevens on the 7th Street pike at a place which came to be called during the war Brightwood. This road was five and a half miles long, exclusive of the spurs leading to the forts and batteries it served. These, counting east from Fort Reno on the Rockville pike, were Battery Rossell, Fort Kearny, Battery Terrill, Battery Smead, Battery Kingsbury, Fort de Russy, Battery Sill and some small earthworks to which no name seems to have been given. An old road -alled the Milkhouse Ford road crossed the country from what is now Bright. wood to the Brookeville road, whence | there was a road leading west to the i Rockville pike about & mile south of the Old Stone Tavern. A military road was laid out to the south of the Milk- house Ford road, and that is Military road today. In all, thirty-two miles of military road were built during the civil war connecting the defenses of Washington and the wagon roads then existing, and parts of them were used where they were secure against observation and direct fire from any point in front which an enemy might | select. Bad Business. By vote of the House of Representa- tives, the government will go on for at least another year exposing its rec- | ords and files to destruction and dam- uge, to dispersal and defacement. It will not start work on an archives building, to house the older records not of current use, nor will it build a sys- tem of steel stacks in the court of the Pension building for the care of the semi-current files. In short, it will leave things precisely as they are, as 1 matter of economy. It will save the immediate expenditure of $1,500,000— $1,000,000 for the filing stacks and §500,000 to begin the archives building —and continue to expose to loss its records that cannot be valued. “Some day” the government will protect itself in this matter. ‘“‘Some it will have an estimate put through the budget bureau which will pted by both houses and work will start on these constructions, per- haps both of them, to produce a stor- age place for the occasionally used files and a permanent housing for the | With an extension of credit than with records of historic value and rare use. Meanwhile it will run a tremendous risk, 'a risk that no business concern would run, and that may at any time result in an irreparable loss. Members of Congress who visit the departments do not see the congestion of the files. They go usually to the offices of the heads, or the immediate subordinate chiefs, whose quarters are commodious and clear of accumula- tions. Or maybe they go to the offices of the chiefs of division, also free of incumbrances. But ‘back 'of these are rooms that are choked with files, cur- rent and non-current, files in wooden, rarely metal, shelving, files that are so stored that access to them is difficult, packed away in conditions that in a private establishment would cause the ! fire underwriters to raise the premium on the insurance or forbid the issue of policies. These conditlons are not the result of carelessness in the departments and bureaus. Every chief of division knows the value of these papers and strug- gles with the problem of keeping them properly. Daily they waste time in re- searches for needed documents. Daily they are in terror lest some careless subordinate, some thoughtless clerk or messenger, throw a match or a lighted cigarette into a corner to start a fire. Up in the attics and down in the cel- lars are bales and boxes of papers that no one dares to destroy, exposed to the mischievous attentions of rats and mice and insects, and to the in- jury of dampness, molding away to illegibility or gnawed to scraps. And because the estimates were not formally passed through the budget bureau and because economy is the word, the government will not spend $1,500,000 to protect these papers. If the government were a business con- cern some-one would question the soundness of its management. —————————— It might be easier for Uncle Sam to solve Europe's problems if each Euro- pean nation had not on hand a plan of solution which it regarded as needing only a responsible indorsement. —_——— The fiscal relationships of Great Britain and the U. B. A, are regarded as matters for edjustment on sound and just principles. ‘Workmen In the Ruhr candidly in. timate that the situation is not merely e local political problem, but a labor problem which may interest the world. Bryce and America. Tributes paid by eminent Americans to the memory of James Bryce, at the memorial services held in this city last Sunday afternoon, testify to some. thing very much out of the ordinary in the way of regard in which a citi- zen of one natlon is held by the whole people of another, It has been said of Lord Bryce that he was a better American than most Americans and @ better Briton for being so good an American. By that was meant only that he had & better understand- ing and appreciation of the genfus of American institutions, mad this un- { { | Bryan, Mr. McAdoo and Mr. Cox could “American Commonwealth, Had Lord Bryce indulged only in pralse of our institutions we might have liked him as well, but we cer- tainly would have held him in less re- spect. That we took his criticlsms in good part is attested by the fact that not only did they arouse no resent- ment, but that we have profited by them to the extent of correcting some of the faults he pointed out. Were he revising his work today it would be necessary to alter some of his conclu- sions, but those conclusions seemed justified at the time he drew them, and that they are not justified today 18 due in some degree to his friendly criticism. Lord Bryce was a loyal British sub- Ject and an able servant of the crown, but he was, in the highest and best sense of that term, a citizen of the world. He traveled widely, and every- where he went he gave much and re- celved much in return. His ambas- sadorship in Washingjon was a unique experiment in European diplomacy. It is no disparagement of the distin- guished men who preceded him or those who have come since to say that he did more to cement international friendship then any other envoy ever accredited to this capital. His alto- gether exceptional knowledge of Amer- ica, his sincerity and utter simplicity, gave him a standing wholly fmpossi- ble of attainment by the professional diplomatist. He was just such an am- bassador as Americans like to think ! Benjamin Franklin was, and he had a success comparable to that of Frank- lin and attributable to like character- istics. Americans honor the memory of Bryce because he, almost alone among our foreign critics, understood the thing which, for lack of a more de-| scriptive name, we call Americanism. | He grasped the whole of the Ameri: | can ideal and put it into a single sen- ! tence when he wrote: “That ,\mcrlca; marks the highest level, not only of material well being, but of intelligenca | and happiness, which the race has yet attained, will be the judgment of those who look not at the favored few for whose benefit the world seem hitherto to have framed its institutions, but at the whole body of the people.” Baltimore is enjoying a season of German opera. The opening overture was prefaced by “The Star Spangled | Banner,” which fact affords assurance | that Dr. Muck is not an influential member of the organtzation. ’ Northeliffe's will provided that his newspapers must be British-owned: which implies that any efforts at mod- ern aggressive journalism will have to be largely imitative. Shortages in the American coal sup- ply should be contemplated with pa- tient philosophy. They are but tempo- rary embarrassments, involving no in- ternational complications. The reorganization of the demo- cratic party would be facilitated if Mr. be brought together for a love feast. Many a farmer is less concerned | the problem of paying off debts "'i ready incurred. Prominence given by Ambassador Harvey to 5 o'clock tea will not efface the old slogan of “the full dinner pail A prizefighter is expected to com- | bine months of loquacity with minutes | of pugnacity. The dove of peace and the ground hog have come to be regarded as equally unreliable. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOBNSON. The Melancholy Million, I met a man who once was proud and happy. He humbly asked for sandwiches to munch. f I ventured: “What's the reason, dear old chappie, ‘That you are dining at a dalry lunch?"” He answered, “Since those days of profiteering My fortune with the rest will not compare. I often feel that poverty I'm nearing, For I am only just a millionaire. “They talk of billlons now without I' quiver. 1 am supposed to have my trousers patched. It's probable for lack of coal Il shiver, Since my financial nest egg never ‘hatched. In money matters, as in starry sclence, ‘This ‘relativity’ is brought to bear. | The fund 1s small 6n which I place reliance, Since I am only just & millionaire.” Forehanded. “What is your reason for announc- ing that you will not be a candidate again?” “So that no one else can get ahead of me,” replied Senator Sorghum. “I can take it back when I get ready. The party managers might think they’d have to stand by it.” Jud Tunkins says he has tried after- noon tea, but it's nothing near as re- viving as an early morning pitcher of ice water. 4 ‘Musings of a Motor Cop. Hortense Magee, in accents of despair, Remarkéd on hearing the police- man'’s call, “The traffic rules are still in good re- palr, Although I thought that I had broke them all” Reciprocity. “You seem to know a great deal about politics.” “It's reciprocity,” replied Farmer Corntossel. “Politicians appear to know all about farming.” “Smart men often make mistakes,” said Uncle Eben, “an’ a lot of people think dey’s gineter git credit foh smart- foceasion. | tween 1874 and 1878. Washington BY FREDERIC Maj. Gen. Hanson E. Ely, who willja rivulet that trickles through his|old 1s Man?" become commandant of the Army War College, in Washington, in June, ran into an old acquaintance the oth- er day In the person of E. B. Johns of the Army and Navy Journal. Johns recalled that when the general was appointed to West Point trom Iowa, In the late eighties. the former di- vested himself of a splendiferous editorial on the military honors that had befallen the community. The panegyric on young Ely appeared in the Towa City Dally Citizen. Quoth the general to Johns: “Yes, I remem- ber that masterpiece. I shall never forget it. I can recite it today. Somebody forwarded It to the Mili- tary Academy. I hadn't been at West Point long before upper-classmen re- quifed me to learn It by heart and deliver it, in Patrick Henry style, be- fore them in mass meeting askem- bled.” Maj. Gen. Ely, hero of Can- lI;(n_ and Meuse crossing, now com- mands the general service schools and post at Fort Leavenworth. * ok ok % Amid the trials and tribulations of the ship subsidy President Harding never tires of recalling how he “sold” the subsidy idea to the late Mark Hanna. When Senator Hanna was a power In Ohio and national politics, Mr. Harding was a young editor-poli- tician in Marion county. With char- acteristic modesty he refrained fro foisting t'olun.w{‘l ;n the best l:n(n:(; S; & - P. of the day, but took 8 courage In both‘hands on a ertain yicaston. The Cleveland Plain Dealer, democratic, was berating Hanna for Kanging onto the ¢oat-tails of Me- inley's memory” and offering the people nothing new In the pending Sampaign. ~“I think the Plain Deal: jud the proprietor of the Ma ar to Hanna, : Why don’t” you talk g ship eub, :rotm Enrlfiers will be for n.phonrlsxxg;d E 5 anna approved the su, tion. abandoned glorification of M. made sitas muin talking-poiat, and Ol (hay"idy the triumphant fssue in * K ok ¥ 5 The London Daily Express, the tne ritish Journal of prominence that OPPoses acceptance of the American debt-funding proposals, edited by North Americans. The pro- (nrlelur Lord Beaverbrook, a na- ive of New Brunswi K (Ca ot « ‘anada, not fiew Jersey), und the editor-In-chiaf 18 rRalph D."Blumenteld, who was _orn in W conkin and began news- paver lifo as a Chicago reporter. caverbrook has apparently fallen it with Bonar Law, also a son of New Brunswick. Daring the war they were boon companions in poii- tics and business brook became a peer ing for a titl is owned and D. and was hunt- he chose the name of .{ing a late afternoon call upon When Beaver- | Observations WILLIAM WILE., home town, Beaver brook. A hostile hewspaper ‘sald it would have been more fitting if he had chosen another landmark and called himself “Lord Yuba Dam. * k¥ %k A somewhat consplcuous figure in ‘Washington soclety this winter, though unbeknown to the hoi-polloi, is a full-fledged Prussian general, MaJ. Gen. Hans von Below. He arrived in the United States last year with his wife, a former Philadelphian. During the war von Below commanded the 51st Army Corps of the German army, though hé did not attaln the distinction of a more famous brother, Gen. Gtto von Below, who commanded an army. The von Below now in Washington appears to be indefatigable in the ob- servation of current American events of international interest. He is sel- dom missing from the public galleries of Congress when important debates are under way. The general won fame in South America before the war as the reorganizer of the Ar- gentinian army. When the war broke out he commanded the famous Kais- erin Augusta Grenadier Guards regi- ment &t Berlin. * ok k % Senator Brandegee of Connecticut, who ejaculated, “What the blazes is tea?” when Ambassador Harvey asked him to tea at the White House last month, will not popularize himself in Great Britain by that aspersion upon John Bull's sacred sundown custom. "Tea in Britain is not & cus- tom. It is a rite. It is taken as reg- ularly as the clock reaches 5, or lier. In office, it is a cherished governor of the institution. Bank of England, Montagu Norman, who recently was in Washington, {s as likely as not to recelve Senator Smoot or Secre- tary Hoover over the teacups, if the | American ehould bappen to be pay- the Old Lady of Threadneedle Street. Lord Northcliffe shunned tea. He used to like to say the tea habit was laverage Briton. * k X *x Theodore Roosevelt, according to Senator Arthur Capper, had a long range and prophetic vision of the importance of farm legislation for national prosperity. “Shortly before he died,” says Capper, “Roosevelt summoned me his bedside in nospital. He what was destined to be his last ar- ticle iny the Metropolitan Magazine which dealt with the farmers’ plight The elections of November, 1918, were just over. Roosevelt sald they had one plain and unmistakable lesson for the republican party, and that was the necessity of adopting and en- acting a comprehensive agricultural program.” (Copyright, 1923, Burdened With Debts of Past and F uture. Denied Use of Surplus Taxes of Present to Meet Current Needs. (Conclusion of brief of Citizens' Joint Committee.) The taxpayers of today- the period 1916-1926—are that is, of weighed down with the tax burdens of past, | present and future: (1) They are bur- | dened with alleged indebtednesses of the remote past, especially those aris- ing frum' the blunders or neglects of agents of the federal government be- 7 Many thousand dollars of such alleged indebtednesses have been thus from them, and they are now menaced (in violaton of ‘the spirit of the statute of limitations) with the reviv- ication to their injury of debts ap- parently settled or forgiven more than forty years ago and with demand for payment of interest on these alleged ancient debts. (2) They have been burdened with the heavy war taxes of this decade, of which they have paid their_full share, more in 1918-1919 than any one of fifteen states, more than five states combined. .They have met all their obligations in municipal expendi- ture. They have been taxed municipally S0 as to raise in addition to what they were permitted to spend several millions of surplus taxes under the half-and-half law, and now the question is raised whether they shall be permitted to spend for their own benefit the surplus which they have thus accumulated, through violation by Congress, their ex~ clusive legislature, of the literal terms of the act of 1878. (3) They are not only thus burdened with the resur- rected alleged indebtedness long ago dead, buried and decayed, of the remote past, and are not only thus held from the use of millions of taxes collected {from them in the last three years, con- stituting their tax revenue of the pres- ent, but they are menaced with imposi- tion of the burdens-of taxpayers of the future by the requirement that in addition to current taxes for current maintenance they shall be taxed to raise millions to meet the first half year expenditure of 1927-28 under the new so-called pay-as-you-go policy, recently proclaimed by Congress. This pay-as- you-go policy obviously exposes itself 3s really a pay-before-you-go policy. What have the taxpayers of this dec- ECHOES FROM WHY NOT WAKE UP? We are in a brand-new world and do not know it. We are in entirely brand-new circumstances and do not know it. We are in an age as divorced from every other as if we were In another world, and it seems as if our stupidity is forcing us to legislate for conditions which have passed and gone forever, and which our legislation will not fit—Senator Smith (8. C.), democrat. WHAT THE MIDDLEMAN GETS. Out of the dollar which the labor- ing man pays for the products of the farm the farmer gets 37 cents. This is not a new condition developed by the war; it existed prior thereto. In 1912 the farmers got $6,000,000,000 for their crops which they sold, but the consumers paid $13,000,000,000 for them.—Senator Brookhart (Iowa), re- publican. MANY BELIEVE PEOPLE OPPOSED TO SUFFRAGE AND PROHIBITION. The stubborn fact exists that mil- lions of our countrymen thoroughly believe that the prohibition and woman suffrage amendments were adopted by ounning, by craftiness and indirection and that the Congress and the state legislatures were either browbeaten into voting for the amend- ments or were induced to do so by an insidious lobby.—Senator Ashurst, Arizona, democrat. A FOREST KINGDOM. There are twenty-nine states that have a large forest area. Thers has been withdrawn In these twenty-nine states “. t:nnn“mm: of 156, l1,n§ acres e pul omain.—Senato: | Cameron, Arizona, inequitably collected | ade to do with the indebtednesses of 1874-7 What have they to do with | the future current expenditures and in- | debtednesses of 1927-28? Why have | they mot equitably everything to do with their surplus of collected, and un- xpended because unappropriated taxes, now lying in the Treasury awaiting ap- { propriation and application for the District’s use and benefit? In applying under the terms of the jequity to alleged indebtednesses the taxpayers of today—of the period 1916- 1926—staggering under the heavy bur- | den of the accumulated obligationss ar: ing from neglected vital municipal {needs of the war time, should be al | lutely relieved from demands of both | principal and interest of ancient resur rected alleged debts which died and were buried in the last century; they should be permitted to use to pay in part their proportion of the costs of mecting the accumulated municipal war- time needs the tax money collected dur- ing the war time but not then appropri- ated to meet these very municipal needs; and finally instead of being compelled to raise from present taxes several million dollars to pay in advance the expenses of the first half of the fiscal year 1927-28, the benefit: to be derived by the taxpayers of the future from great permanent improve- ments about to be undertaken or now |under way should be recognized and provision made by government ad- vances to be reimbursed with interest for just participation by the future tax- payers in meeting the cost of these great permanent improvements, so | beneficial to them. The taxpayers of 1922-23 should not be required to pay from their current tax funds, every cent of which is needed to meet the cost of today’s capi- tal maintenance and upbuilding, hali a million or three-quarters of a million dollars toward putting the taxpayers of 1927-28 on a pay-as-you-go or cash basis . On the contrary, the taxpayers of 1927-28 should pay part of the cost of today’s water supply, school con- ments, by which the District of 1927-28 | will profit even more than the District of 1922-23. CAPITOL HILL NO_TIME TO SIT SUPINELY BY. Clvillzatlon is approaching danger. A fight .is brewing on the Interna- tional world campus. The United States i8 opposed to that fight -If it is to be stopped, it must be now. We must not sit supinely by and al- low civilization to go on the rocks. The lives of your boy and my boy are at stake. Let us act vigorously and act now.—Representative Chal mers (Ohio), republican. ANOTHER VIEW OF THE FARM BLOC. 1 was simply going to remark that In enumerating the great benefits the farm bloc have rendered to the cou try, I hoped the senator would not forget to enumerate the excessively high tariff duties levied upon raw Wwool, due largely to the farm bloo.— Senator Walsh, Massachusetts, demo. crat. SHERMAN WAS RIGHT. War is a conglomeration of inequal- ities and a multiplicity of iniquities. —Representative Kincheloe, Ken- tucky, democrat. SEE THE SOWING OF THHR DRAGONS’ TEBTH. The invasion of Germany by the French military forces will not meet the moral approval of America, be- cause they see in this invasion the sowing of dragons' teeth.—Senator Owen (Okla.), democrat. GERMANY HAS CHANGED 1TS TUNE. The bully who swaggered in 1914, 1915, 1916 and 1917 now whines be- cause he is beaten. Every bully wvhines when he is beaten. Are we zoing to allow otirselves to be de- ceived by that?—Senator Reed (Pa), home and factowy | The | responsible for the lethargy in the | jlaw of 1922 the test of morality or | neglected | struction, street and sewer improve- | The Library Tabl / By The Booklover Ever since I read an article by Theodore Roosevelt entitled, “How published In the Na- tional Geographic Magazine for Feb- ruary, 1916, I have been intending to read the book on which his article was principally based. On a recent visit to New York I was able to get away from Broadway long enough to visit the American Museum of Nat- ural History. There in its Hall ot the Age of Man I found the intensely Interesting originals or models of tho remains and implements of prehls- toric man and paintings of the ani- mals by which early man wss sur- rounded. Since these were the ma- terials on which the book reviewed by Roosevelt was based I renewed my 1esolution to read Dr. Henry Fair- field Osborn’s “Men of the Old Stone Age, Their Environment, Lifs and Art” “Since its first publication in 1915, the book, partly becauss of the attention called to it by the Roose- velt article, but more from its in- terest and real worth, has had a wide reading, so that the edition 1 have just finished is the third. PR “Men of the Old Stone Age” is not an easy book, but it Is highly inter- esting and will richly repay the reader. Dr. Osborn states that his work 18 the direct outcome of a tour made in 1915 ' through southern France and northern Spain, the re- gion of the world richest in paleo- lithic remains and apparently the | {home of the most highly {of the prehistoric rac 1y ithe author states, “that = | faculties and powers like our own, but in the infancy of education and tradition, were living in this re of Europe at least 25,000 years ago. {Back of these intelligent races were | {others, also of eastern origin, but in earlier stages of mental development, all pointing to the very remote an- cestry of man from earlier mental and physical stages.” He further con- cludes that in the reglon visited “we have a complete, unbroken record of ;continuous residence from a perfod as | remote as 100,000 years. * * * In con- | trast, Egyptian, Aegean and Mesopo- ftamian civilizations appear as of yes- terday.” * ok ok In reading the Geographic article, in my visit to the museum and now !in reading the book, I have been espe- !cially “interested in-the profuse illus- | trations, including those by ‘“‘upper| | Paleolithic artists,” to whom Dr. Os- | | born gives credit on the title page of is book. The reconstruction of the | usts of the Ape Man of Java, Plit- i {down Man, Neanderthal Man and the {“O1d Man of Cro-Magnon” of course | ttract the most attention, but only a | little more than the remarkable scuip- tures, drawings and even paintings in | color found on the walls of deep un- derground caverns. In view of the re- | stricted lighting facilities of those re mote years, they are truly marvelous. * ok % % : If the reader is now interested in the subject of prehistoric man, but finds that Dr. Osborn’s book proves a {little too stiff reading, I suggest that he try the recently published and {more simple book, “Everyday Life in the Old Stone Age,” written and illus- trated by Marjorie and C. H. B. Quen- nell. This popular picture of primi- {tive times is clear and vivid and is based on the latest investigations. It |is well worth reading. * x ok x Sir Walter Soott once said with re- gard to Jane Austen's novels: | “The big bow-wow etrain I can do |myself like any now going, but the | exquisite touch which renders ordi- nary commonplace things and char-| ‘acters interesting, from the truth otl {the description and the sentiment, ts | |denied to me” In spite of Scott's | tribute, Jane Austen's devotees (and Howells declared that they formed a cult) have always bean more numer- us ‘among women than among men. Perhaps the reason for this is that |Jane Austen herself was so com- {pletely feminine according to the| deas of her time; go feminine that she | jused to hide her manuscript when | visitors came, because it was not con- | jsidered “womanly” to write, and, al | though she lived through many im- {portant historical events, among | them the war of 1812, never made the slighest allusion In any of her novels to any public event. So it will prob- ably be of more interest to women {than to men that several juvenile | fragments of this truly greaf realist have just been published for the first ime. * “Love and Friendship” is itle given to the stories, which are | full of the spirit of youth and more umorous than Jane Austen’s mature | novels, * ok ok % The Latin quarter with its comedles {and tragedles of the artistic life and of love has been celebrated by many writers of poetry, drama and fiction. In recent years Leonard Merrick is one of the foremost authors to depict the life of the famous quarter in novels and short storfes. In 1921 was | published his volume of etorles, “A i Chalr on the Boulevard,” and in the last months of 1922 another vol- jume, “To Tell You the Truth. {One of the most appealing tales in this last volume s that of the middle-aged comedian who has never | won the success he desired. but a ireal hero plays through his part | at the theater just after receiving the war office notice of his only son's death at the front; and then plays a longer and more difficult part when for two weeks he acts before his { sick wife, 50 that she dies in the be- | { lief that the war is ended and her son on his way home uninjured. * ok ok # Frank Swinnerton in his latest novel, “The Three Lovers,” expresses his opinion of the inalienable right {of the Britisher, of whatever class, {to a cold breakfast. Patricia Quin, & beautiful but poor maiden who | lives in two dingy rooms, might be expected to have cold breakfast, but !she 1s no worse off In that respect, | says Mr. Swinnerton, than those who can afford large establishments. “Breakfast was another blow for Patricia. There were bacon and eggs, and both were depressingly cold. Not so would breakfast be, she de- cided, in any home truly her own; though if, as she had long ago as-| sumed, her future home were to be one in' which servants played a lead- ing part. she had no notion of the ‘way in which cold breakfasts were to | be avolded. Were there not such things as spirit lamps? Patricla had not stayed often enough in large houses to know that cold breakfasts are inevitable there unless the meal 1s eaten in the kitchen.” * ok ok x Dog-lovers have long euspected that dog language consists of mors| than mere waggings and barkings. Now Dr. Doolittle has discovered the language, and Hugh Lofting, in his new story of the voyages of the fam- ous doctor, relates an amusing case of a man proved innocent of murder on the testimony in court of the only actual witness of the accident, the| dog. Among the many impressive trial soenes in literature this scen from “The Voyages of Dr. Doolittle is unique. It . the reader charmed; it will thrill the dog-lover. £k ok X Hauptmann, whose sixtieth birth- the &.mln empire and the beginning | the world in graceful traffic tontrol. 131 | ed of coaches that should run without CAPITAL KEYNOTES BY PAUL V. COLLINS. There appear two schools of thought | in Washington, in regard to the traffic evil. One newspaper headlines the statement: “Officials to Club Reckless Drivers.”” It will be an interesting and elevating spectacle to behold some speeder halted at a prominent corner by a traffic policeman, roughly dragged from his machine, manhandled and | clubbéd until he vells “Enough: I'll| slow up!” The other school of thought suggms‘! a psychological test. Al who grade | above the level of a moron may be licensed to run a flivver; those who qualify as of the mental age of twelve | may get a diploma authorizing 2 road- | ster of the middle grade; a mental showing of fifteen years—which is about the average of “ordinary folks"—will be et up in touring cars, and an lectuality of cighteen years will draw a limousine. Tt must be understood that a grade of eighteen years is rare. Only newly graduated high school pupils are likely to “pass.” In fa can make ®o brilllant showing are well qualified to become locomotive en- gineery or stunt flyers. * X * * Wonder what has come out of the proposed school to train traffic offi- cers in graceful Delsarte signaling. Have we seen any marked change in that regard? Should the officer jerk his thumb in spasmodic suddenness or gently and majestically wave his whole arm? Should he give the Mexi- can salute of “Good morning!” by holding up his right hand, palm to- ward himself, while he rapidly wig- wles his four fingers z you to approach him and fear no i1? Or must he swing imaginary Indian lubs ith both arms and expect the driver to recogn that he is to “Go- or “Stop-Stop”? This problem of how to improve the traflic cop is ach- ing to be solv Will no one help? The capital may vet set the pace for *k ok Dr. Raymond Dodge, professor of psychology of Wesleyan University and chairman of the National Re- search Council, whose headquarters are in Washington, comes to the re- Hef of bewildered drivers by saving that the human mind is under a suffi- ciently severe strain, under any con- ditions of driving, without being be- wildered by a series of intricate signs and plugs. He declares that all sig- nals should be so conspicuous as to attract attention automatically. In line with that declaration of au- thority, let the traffic officers and their semaphores be made brighter— gaudicr—so that they will catch the eyes of the driver who is even do ing the truck, street car and jay er all at the same time. This is all the more important because the traf- fic officers are not on all corners and are not always on their regular sta- tions, vet, if a driver chances to over- look their signal, half hid by traffic or street cars, he'is accused of willful reckiessness and is very lucky if not haled into court forthwith. The traf- fic towers of New York upon the busy corners are samples of conspicuous- ness which saves lives. S Thers are various ways of compar- ing civilizations. For example, France has only 2,500 movie places (outside >f the Ruhr), while the United States has 17,000. But the climax comes in Zagreb, Kingdom of the Serbs, where, with a population of 100.000, one can see a movie for 2 to 6 cents. 2% E% Senator Walsh of Massachusetts has introduced a bill to make it unlawful to grind up granite, paint it black and sell it for coal. Even “coal” that is made up largely of ground slack well oiled may be banned under the Walsh bill. Some one tells the America_is now suffering from an oversupply of bituminous coal, so that some mines are working only two days a week. With that over- supply selling at not less than $12 a ton, where does the old-fashioned law of supply and demand operate? Time was when that same kind of coal sold retail for $4 a ton, and anthracite, ‘hich sold for $8 a ton (instead of or $15), was considered almost out of reach. Talk about oversupply under present conditions only empha- zes that some kind of ‘“‘control” is country that as if beckoning | it is & fake, 50 long as the country is freezing for want of fuel. Transpor- tation? Ask the Interstate Commerce Commission how to condense a year's haulage in four months. Don't tanta- lize and mock a freezing but patient public with such taunts as “oversup- ply.” “There is too much sickness and death directly due to fuel shortage for any humor to be recognized ir talking about “oversupplics” Ther is no measure of supply which is not based on available supply. x ko ¥ The new code of “true’ advertising formulated by the Better Busines Bureau of Washington uses a lot of words which might all be expressed with two short syllables: “Don’t lie! The trade tricks, as illustrated in the terminology, are nothing bu camouflage. They are essentially in- tended to deceive the unsophisticated They are, therefore, disapproved. Pos- 8ibly a merchant will sell fewer dyed muskrat cloaks than he will “Hudsor uls,” fewer d, rabblt wraps thar French seal” heflield silver” may sound like sterling silver, but it is said to be only plated. Why not be frank with the o tomer? “Because it won't sell goods Is that true? What becomes of ti uf‘lnfi’c. ““Honesty is the best policy That is not a moral text, but a cold- blooded business axiom. If it we considered from the standpoint of fts morality it Is most lacking, for that honesty which is only based onf polics is hypocrisy; but even so, it is far Detter 45 a money-getter than decep- tion. * Co-operation indispu solution of many a problem farmers and for city cons wise. The greatest operation is the famous Rochdale Co-operators of England. But the fact that voluntary co-operation is found to be beneticial leads Senator Brookhart to advocate compulsory co operation, enforced by federal law, which would bar from interstate traffic all en terprises except such as are organized upon a co-operative plan, like the Rochdale, and licensed under & fed- eral charter. All corporations based on capital invested, all individual enterprises, would be forbidden to enter inter- state commerce. The only form of interstate commerce would be that controlled by the officials of Rochdale co-operative assoclations. The in- dividual votes, in all such societies regardless of the amount of capital he has at stake. The janitor has the same influence and power to shape its policies us has the experienc member with a fortune at stake That principle works all right i farmers' co-operative associations for the units are usually about.on an equality. But how would it work in managing a monopoly of all com- merce extending over state lines? Radical union labor takes the atti tude that a non-union man is less an American than a member of some union, and, if uncontrolled, would bar such a man from the right to labor and earn a living, 8o long &s he remained out of the union. The Brookhart proposition would be fat more drastic than extreme unionism for it would not only bar individuals from doing any business across state lines, but would bar corporations also, and therchy destroy the em- ployers of 1 union labor. It out- soviets Russia, bY undertaking to ive abeolute monopoly to one class B ssotiations. "Lenin tried that, &t first, but ha n a broader view of business in r times. Senator Brookhart has not been in public life as long as Lenin—“he's young yer” * % is the the like success in cc biy for TR How long—how long will the fort be kept up tp split Americans into sects and and blocs? To array class in y against other classes? To advantages for some peculiar interest, not accorded to all Americans? To ostracise Amer- er personal liberty of feans who pr f action and enterprise to lording of officialdom over them? Voluntary Rochdale co-operation Has done great things in England Very well, then, let voluntary co-op- eration follow suit in America. Amer- ica wants liberty of choice for every American, so long as his choice does seek trying to bluff the public. An over- | =upply must mean lowered prices, or right to the same mper or injure any other man's lent to 1 of liberty. THE WAYS OF WASHINGTON BY WILLIAM PICKETT HELM. This workaday world in which we live is a place bullt up with dreams come true. But vesterday we dreamed of wings and today we hear the droning of the planes overhead. We dreamed of voices in the air, carrying our words to far distant places, and today the air is vibrant with volces. We dream- horses, and awaking we count more than twelve millions of such coaches on our roadways, These are some of the dreams of other days. Each one came true be- cause some dreamer dreamed—and wrought. But what of the dreams of today? Will they come true tomor- row? And what of the dreams of those who sit high in the nation’s councils? TUpon what far distant star is their gaze fixed? Whither speeds America? I took this collection of philosophy and question marks into the busy office_of the Postmaster General of the United States, Dr. Hubert Work, and sat down in the comfortable chair near his desk. “All that’s a prelude,” I told him, and 1 explained what was on my mind. *“What comes next is thi: “Fix your eye, if you will, please, at the business end of this imaginary telescope. Look into the future— twenty, thirty, fifty years hence. Tell me the story of the postal service as it will be then.” . He thought for a few moments be- ore replying. 0I5 aanmgt be6 50 far.” he said. “There are nearer things that cover the glass.” “Practical things?"” “All practical things. The day’'s work, for instance. We find it sufficlent for the day. 4 “But surely,” I protestad, ‘‘you have an ideal for the postal eervice which one day it will achieve.’ i He arose from his desk, selected a letter from a sheaf on the filing case nearby and handing it to me, bade me read. The words have gone from my recollection, but the substance is as follows “No method of sending the malls is fast enough, be it by stage by ral way train or through the air. We should | think seriously of using the telegraph as a means for dispatching the mails in the quickest possible time. A question trembled on my lips, but before it was asked, he was speaking. “Just now,” he said, “‘our chief prob- lem is that of delivering the mails in our great cities. New York, Chicago, Philadelphia—these places perplex us somewhat. “Their mail has doubled in yolume since 1918. The tubes in New York and Philadelphia are utterly inadequate to handle the traffic. We cannot put the mail that comes to these cities into receptacles six by twenty-one inches and shoot them along by compressed air. ‘We could only deliver one letter out of “We must find a better method. Our trucks tlog streets already congested with traffic. The malls should be taken off the streets of our great. cities.” “How would you dispatch them more qm'l.'dr' in tunnels where elec- s in, Lfleu wmfx'dmu-.wu- the apesd of the subway. | nineteen that way. Little cars and little tunnels, of course. Either that, or send them overhead. “And we are coming to that? asked. 3 “We are bound to come to it. Soon?" Yes, I think so.” I asked the Postmaster General to look again through our imaginary telescope and tell me the future of the transcontinental mails. ", “We are trying now to fly by night, he said. “We are stringing beacons across the western section of the country to guide our fiyers. “We shall know this year if night fiying with the mails is possible.” “Suppose it is” [ suggested. “Then New York and San Francisco will be only thirty hours apart. A letter mailed in New York this morn- ing should be delivered in San Fran- cisco tomorrow afternoon. “Of course,” he added, “we should have to make a charge sufficient to cover the expense.” Then the pent-up question came. “And do you think, Mr. Postmaster General, that the government will come to transmitting mail by the telegraph wires?” “I do,” he said. “Tt is bound to come. We could well use the tele- phone, too.” “But that leaves no record,” I sald. “The man who is to receive the message wouid have notice; ‘that would be enough.” “How would you manage the trans- mission of mail matter by telegraph? Would you have the government con- struct the plant, string the wires and all”” “It might be better,” he suggested to have the government arrange with the existing companies to handle the business, “And have mailgrams, sent by wire and delivered within an hour or so™" xactly,” he agreed. “At a cost of say, the postage on a speocial delivery letter?, “Probably not so low, but certainly approaching it. “How soon, eral?” Ho measured his words carefully. “I think,” he said, “that some such plan may be recommended to the next Congress. - (Gopyright, 1928.) Barbara Fritchie Date Held September 6 To the Editor of The Star: The incident on which Whittier's ballad of “Barbara Fritchle” was found- ed occurred about sunrise Septem- ber 6, 1862, as the Confederate col- umn was marching to its encamp- ment on the Bentztown road, across the creek from the end of the Fritchie house. The retreat of the Confed- erates from the town took place about 3 am. September 10, as related by Mr. Buckey, who s quite right in stating that no such incident took place on that date. This confuslon of dates has been made before. A little book published in 1892 by Roberts Brothers, under the title. “Barbara Fritchle,” gives the facts obtained from living witnesses in 1876, aund points out the mistakes in the poem. It contains photographs by Byerly of g n,d.‘hnr hw g, latter Mr. Postmaster Gen-