Evening Star Newspaper, May 17, 1922, Page 18

#Y A. HYATT VERRILL, . Bxpert on Radio Techmology. Aerials are not only the most con- spituous part of wireless outfits, but the)y:‘are also among the most im- portsht, for, with few exceptions, the sudoess or failure of a set depends gély upon the aerial. The purpose of @y aerial is to pick up or “catch” ) the wireless or electro-magnetic waves from the sending station and through the leading wire bring these vibratory waves to the receiving set, or, in the case of the aerial of a transmitting station, to throw off the waves and start them on their jour- ney_through the ether. Althoygh acrials are not absolute- 1y ‘essential in order to receive, and sets can be designed to operate with- out any aerial, still, for good results, especially with ordinary sets, an aerfal or antenna is needed and the size, type and .ocation of this ap- pardtus have aggreat influence upon the.results. For ordinary receiving a single wire from, 100 to 150 feet in length is the bes Many people think that the longer the aerial the better, apparently imagining that the longer the aerial wire the farth@. they can hear. But this'is a great mistake. .1f you wish to pick up the extremely long wave length' messages from the big tele- . graph stations a long aerial is the thing, but if you wish to get the broadcasting stations an aerial which is.too long will be troublesome, and unless your set has a_wide range of tuning you will not be able to get the shorter wave-length messages at Place Aerial High Up. Always place the aerial as high as possible, well ~above surrounding buildings, and {f there are bridges, elevated tracks. steel tanks, smoke- stacks or electrified wires near, plac the aerial at right angles to them, as otherwise you will have trouble from inductance or leakage. It makes no difference or at an angle and while a horizonal aerial is best, a vertical wire will serve. Neither does it matter whether the ert Advme on Radlo " Article 3—Use of Aerials. vhether the aerial is level | aerial 1s of bare or insulated wi 1 enetrate all su s. The best m: terial to use is copper covered with steel wire, tor this is stronger than other metals, and as _elpctricity travels or is conveyed on ‘the sur- face of the w're and not through the interior, the copper covering is suf- ficient. However, stranded phos- phor-bronze or copper wire about No. 14 will serve every purpose. In planning your aerial, remember that the length of your iead-in and ground_wires must be counted in as part of the aerial. Hence, if your aerial is very high and your lead-in very long or if you use an outside ground e which is long, you can make your aerial shorter than when a short lead-in and ground are used. In putting up an aerial be very sure to have It thoroughly insulated from all surroundifig objects. Wood is an excellent conductor when wet and 80 be sure that there is no chance of the serial or lead-in coming in contact with the edge or sides of a house or with the branches of .a tree. The aerial ~ should preferably point toward the statlon farthest away or toward the one you particularly wish to hear, with the lead-in at the end toward the station. Aerials Are Directional. Aerials are directionzl and this little matter makes a vast difference in results. If you use an aerlal with [the lead-In at the center remember Shat only. re half- the length of the aerial wire counts, where with the type with the lead-in ‘at one end the total length of the aerial wire is available. kstretch it tightly between its sup- ports. These may be chimneys, walls or other objects, or you may erect it between poles or trees, but pluced between trees or poles or be- tween a pole or tree and some fixed object, be sure to provide a stift coiled spring or else guy the rope or tree securely, as otherwise the tree or pole swaying in the wind will snap or stretch the aerial. If. you have diffioulty in stretch- ing the aerial wire tightly attach one end and then hook a rope to the othér end, run the rope ‘over a to the clothsline pulley attached Don't Gfipe-Nuu isa 3 energy food, delicious to taste; soundly and nourishing, . soi Made of ‘whole wheat flour barley, “skilfully blended and slowly baked for 20 hours, its exceptional nutri- and malted “There’s a Reason” for. " Grape-Nuts 4 In putting up the aerialj- TEP away from mealtime ) with more power, not less. It’s easy. Simple, natural food. puts zest in muscles, ambition . in'brain, sends health’s order, * #“Go!”’ to every faculty. Poor- . ly balanced food says, *“Wait,” “Slow duwn," qu l']lfle'"‘ HELLO_ RaLP! “T" QOING WiITH MY MOTHER YO otl support for the aerial and when it is hauled taut make the aerial guy wires fast and remove the rope and pulley. Each end of the aerial should be attached to a good porcelain in- sulator and the buy wires or sup- ports attached to the opposite ends of these, as in Figure 1. It also 18 a good plan to insert similar insulators between the other ends of the guy wires and the ob- jeots to which they are fastened, although this is not absolutely neces- sary. The lead-in may be a separate wire attached to the aerlal or it mlv‘ twisted once or twice upon itself as in Figure 2 f a separate wire is used make a good connection, scraj ing the two wires until clean and bright, then twisting them together as in Figure 3, and finally soldering. If you do not care to solder the wires cover the joint with tinfoil and wrap with adhensive tape. ‘Wherever the lead-in wire comes near or is fastened to a building or other object. place porcelain insula- tors, using the cleat type as in Figure. 4, where it is to be attached. Where the lead-in is carried through the bullding to the set run it through an If the same wire is used it is merely | insulating tube if a hole is made run through the insulator and then'through the wall or window frame or for be the same wire. . 4 Ts Ackiad travel - with the brakes on ment is partially pre-digested - and developed for quick and perfect assimilation. Crisp and rich in flavor —a ' captivating appeal to the appetite. ; You'll find breakfasts and _lunches more - enjoyable, and ‘much more helpful if youleave off heavier, starchy foods for a dish of Grape-Nuts with cream and strong on’ this splendid foods Ready to'serve, right from the package. 3 Order Grape-Nuts from your . e 23 @ BN health ‘and entifically " Gex, THATS A nRW <| slate roof and no convenlent objects Figure 6. *: /| Th ONE ON Bur 1F > OH NO, You MUST BE MISTAKEN use heavily insulated wire and run|coal. Under no equmlunfiel use | Base ball scores annéunced. 4:06 p.m.—Weather report om 435 it through & notch or groove between | the lightning ground wire asa ground | “Waltz of Love” (Sherwood-Rega).|meters. the window h and the frame. to your set. not try to use a fire| Valse, plano (Putz). 5 p.m.—Complete sport results and You also must install either a lightning switch or an air-gap out- side the room, preferably on the win- dow sill. These are simple affairs, as shown in Figure 5, but are important. If & gap is used the wires are at- tached as shown and it takes care of itself, whereas, if a lightning switch is used the handle must be thrown over, thus cutting out the set and necting the ground, whenever there is & thunderstorm or when the set is use. For recelving sets the p Is suffcient. Size of Ground Wire. The ground wire from the lightning switch or gap must be at least No, 4 ise and carried on insul the bullding to a copper plate buried in the earth or to a metal rod, tube or stake driven several feet jnto the ground. 1f the building where you wish to erect your aerial has a tin or to which the wires may be attached you may rig the aerial as shown in s easily taken down or set up, which 18 a distinct advantage. Do not escape for a ground and be sure the pipe used is not insul or a tile or earthen your connection and the carth. (Tomorrow's Article—*Simplicity of Radio NAA—Naval Radio Station, Radio, Va. 10:30 a.m.—Meteorological report on 5,960 meters of arc transmitter. 12 noon snd ¥ p.m.—Time signal, followed by weather report and ship orders. 10 a.m.—Weather report for the District of Columbia, Pennsylvania, “Mr. and Mrs.” foxtrot (Wood-Rom- (world news on 485 meters. 7 p.m.—Program of music by Ar- thur and Earle Falf, plano and violin respectively and R. M. Parsons, bari- tone; Middleton Brothers, in popular songs, and Earl W. Topping, tenor and Hozella Omara, soprano. KDKA — Westinghouse, Pittsburgh ted by a joint e pipe between berg). “Rigoletto,” soprano and baritone (Verdi). “Romance, (Copyright, 1922.) plano (La Forge). “Honey Lu,” foxtrot (Donaldson). “Bonnie Sweet Kitty,” tenor (Hugo Felix). “Were I a Bird,” piano (Henselt). - AR Rl 1 T 0 (3680 Meters—Eastern Standard Time). “Somewhere In ~Honolulu” (Sher-| 9 to $:15 a.m—Musia BY RADIO TODAY 11:30 a.m. to noon—Mustc. 2 piano (Saint- | 2:30 p.m.—Results of all league base 2 ball games by innings. p.m.—Base ball scores, theatrical features, talk on “Anthracite Coal (Gallagher-Shean). Mining” by Dever C. Ashmead, editor “Funeral March of a Marionette,” | 0f Coal Age piano (Gounoed). 7 p.m.—Base ball scores; talk on “The Kiss That Made You Mine,” | Pittsburgh—A Cultural Center,” by tenor (Leo Edwards). Dr. W. J. Holland, director of Car- “Ballet Egyptien,” Lulgini. negle Museum of Carnegie Institut: “Rosy Posy” (Wood-Romberg). “Mr. Gallagher and Mr. Shean" 3 - “Hosamudes piano (Sehub of Pittsburgh; talk on “Engineering" 10:30 p.m.—Naval press news. Wave | paosamude’ plano (Schubert). by F. L. Bishop, dean of the school of length, 2,650 meters. . engineering of the University of NOF—Naval Air_ Station, Anacostia|’'si30ursh- WWX—Post Ofice Department. (412 Metern). 29 ipm—Bedume, story for ol 8:30 to 9 p.m.—Music by United . m.—P EaMte 8 ] p.m—Program of music by Elme 8 Stoltz, baritone, accompanied by vic confuse the lightning ground with|Ohio. Maryland, Virginia an lin, cello and ptano. the ground to your set. The latter | Virginia. = 8inia and West|yyy_Radle Institute (360 meters).| 9:55 p.m—arlington time signals consists of the ground wire of your| 10:30 a.m.—Marketgram (fruit and| 6:30 to 7 p.m.—Radio spark | wi == :nllrumel:u and should be soldered | vegetables) on 1,100 meters. > EEmpc o u:_z: (‘vm.““-l‘et:‘:—lllg::-‘;:l: o a water, steam, gas or radlator 2 :30 p.m—C. W.|WWJI—Det v i 5 e pipe. It you cannot manage this, |marketgram telegrams on 1,980 me- T ey, T e ey, e ™ o scrape the pipe bright, wrap the w! around it several times, wrap tin: over this, bind it with fine copper wire and’ cover with adhesive tape. 1f no pipe is available use a separate wire run outside the building to a copper wash bofler or a copper-plate buried at least four feet under- ground. - 1f a boiler 1s used fill it with char- e oll 4 RADIO Get an Exide Radio battery for your radio ‘ IN WASHINGTON. % 3. J. Burtram, 1306 New Hamp- | shire Ave. 58 - Ettonger Servics, fme. h 1417 Irving St. N.W. .-.-..-hnfll'llr- At Gupnly Ce. 1033 X Ave NW. MaCimrky Bron. T80 Ga. Ave. N-W. vIRGINIA. .Nerthoust ' Battery - Shop, 1006 _ Oulbsper, Fatrtax Motor Co., Inc. s 5 ’ ters. P 1,160 meters, by radiophone. 11 9 ‘WHMU—Doubleday-Hill Eleetric Com- :30 to ...THE LONG-LIFE B Willis B, Rebinsen, 834 13tk St. Juitus 3. Ricley, 858 Pa. Ave. S.E. 930 a.m.—Household - hints housewives; music, on 360 meters. 10:15 a.m.—Weather report on 455 meters. 1:55 a.m.—U. 8. Naval Observatory, tifne signais on 380 meters. 12:05 p.m.—Music on 360 meters. 3:30 . p.m.—Market quotations 485 meters. .m.—Wholesale dairy report on to| 8 pm.—Base ball scores; progru: of music by Mrs. Willlam Crame and 8 soprano, and Howard Nichols, violin. p.m.—Market report on meters, by radiophone. :50 p.m.—Weather report. St S WJIZ—Westinghouse, (360 Meters—Eastern Daylight Say ing Time—Deduct One Hour). 8 am-—Agricultural reports an (Continued on Page 20.) pany (360 Meters). 0 p.m.: on The lpfig-life battery is a source of joy Like the heart in your body, the best battery in a car'is the one you are least aware of. .. The battery you want is the ‘one that will give yoi willing service for the longest time. You will not be disappointed if you expect something more than the ordinary service from an Exide. And why be content with a battery that lacks vim and endurance? : Rugged power is built into the Exide. From separ- ators to filler plugs, each detail of construction is the result of experience gained in every field by the oldest and largest manufacturers of storage batteries in the world. « set The Exide is a powerful battery. ' It will not get out of order unless badly abused, and it will last a very long time. The nearest Exide man has a battery the right size for. your car. ¢ The Electric Storage Battery Company Philadelphia ; EXIDE SERVICE STATION 1823-33 L Street NW. Telephone Franklin 6600 ATTERY FOR YOUR CAR Visit the nearest Exide Service Station < Sk simg Ak ke NW. )5 P. Rowe, Jr.