Evening Star Newspaper, March 25, 1921, Page 3

I E LANSING BARES REASO! S F THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C FRIDAY, MARCH 9= =) 19210 'OR SPLIT ' WITH WILSON OVER WORLD ISSUES ,?Book to Show Fight of 1918. Says Wilson Purposed Preliminary Treaty At One Time. Robert Lansing, former Secretary of Btate and member of the American peace commission, will reveal, in his forth- coming book on “The Peace Nego- tiations,” which will be published by the Houghton Mifflin Company March 25, how close he came to Tesigning from the commission because of dif- ferences with President Wilson over _ Shantung Clause.. Ex-SecretarySpeaksof Blackmail and Co- ercion of Tokio. the Shantung decision and his belief that many of the terms of peace im- | posed on Germany were harsh. miliating and Seemingly imposs of performance. The publishers o f this book, which | has been ecagerly awaited by his-| torians and the public, have carefully | guarded the text of the manuscript. | Dut they have permitted the general; trend of Mr. Lansing’s argument (o} come know D dent \Wilson, according to Mr. ’ Lansing's belief, at one time during | the peace conference purposed to; negotiate a preliminary treaty, whicl would start the league of nations functioning without laving the ument before the United States and evidently was much urbed when his Secretary of State “waid him that the only way to change the status from war to peace was My a ratified treaty or a Joint reso- 3 Congress. lm.\w;r?»;oundsvon\\Llinn that imme- diate peace was the primary need of the world, Mr. Lansing implies. was all that kept him from resigning | from the peace commission because | of fundamental disagreements with the President on principles. The for- mer Secretary discloses that in 1916 Ehortly before a_meeting in Wash-, ington of the League to Knforce, Peace. at which the President was 1o speak. Mr. Lansing wrote to Mr. Wilson. objecting to the use of force | to settle international disputes. In this letter he pointed to the menace to the Monroe doctrine contained in such a plan. House Was Comverted. Alarmed at the complications of war and foreign entanglements in| the guaranty of territorial integrity | and Knomi-:al independence of mem- | Ders of the league, a guaranty ma\gi finally was embodied in Article of thye covenant, Mr. Lansing sa: that at Paris he tried to have su stituted a negative pledge that the members would not infringe upon each other's territorial integrity or| | political independence. _He became | convinced that Col. Edward M. House, | then President Wilson's closest ad-| viser, was completely converted with | regard to this question. erences between himself and Presi- Bent Wilson, Mr. Lansing gives as has opinion that blackmail and bluft by Japan impelled the President to agree to surrender_to that country such rights in Shantung as before the war were held by Germany and automatically annulled when China declared hostilities. In his opinion, omly secret diplomacy made it pos-| sible for Japan to threaten to leave the peace conference unless its de- mands were granted, a threat Mr.| Jansing believed would not have ‘bee uted ause o ! Deetiation by Japan that the be a new and powerful worl / position could be retained ouly by membership in the league of nations. That other members of the Ameri- ‘ean commission shared his view that the Shantung decision as rendered by Vthe council of four was a flagrant iwrong and were prevented from re- Isigning only by the critical conditions | in the world situation is clearly im- i . Lansing. e emsiion: Telt by himself and { nry White and Gen. Tasker H. Do ya in. this connection pub- Jishes the letter written by Gen. Bliss ! to the President. in which Mr. Lan- sing and Mr. White concurred, stat- ing that to support the Japanese claim would be to abandon Chinese democracy. to domination of Japan's Frussianized militarism. It was impossible. in 3 SPECIAL NOTICE3. " Lansing’s {the document itself, ROBERT LANSING. opinion, to make the league of na- tio ovenant the greatest interna- tional compact ever written, as was intended, in the eleven days given to the drafting. This is established by he says, which provides for an oligarchy of the great rowers and.a continuance of the pol- icy of the balance of power against which the President spoke in Eng- iand. but which he in effect subscribed to in approving the covenant. Relating the difficulties and embar- sments to which commissioners _were sub- failure of the President to single conference with the n commission on the league of from its first meeting until s report was printed, Mr. Lansing the office force of Col. House more about the proceedings than the three American commission- e vho were not present. i tional difficulties were caused by lac of an American program, the fourteen ints of the President being entire- ly insufficient for such a purpose. Mr. Lansing found the President indi posed to consider the subject of hav- ing a program. He asked the Ameri- can legal advisers to prepare a “skel- eton treaty,” but was told emphatic- ally by the President that the latter did not intend to have lawyers draft the treaty of peace. . Mr. Lansing's idea was to secure adoption of a resolution declaring the purposes and nature of the league of nations, providing for later negotia- tion of a detailed plan, and in the jeantime to make peace at the ear- es American jected by a 9 possible moment. This he thought could be done by April 1, 1919. Defay of peace for the purpose of ‘completing the league he consi ered an unwarranted risk. The Presi- dent. however. thought otherwise, and Mr. Lansing found it possible to in- fer that the President was disposed to employ the world desire for peace as a means to compel other govern- ments to accept his plan for a league Self-determination was a phrase of the President's that Mr. Lansing con- sidered loaded with dynamite; bound to cause impossible demands, and to Stir up trouble in many countries. This principle. he says. was discredit- ed when Germany was refused per- | mission to join with Austria. and it was ignored in the President’s policy toward Russia. That the proposed defensive treaty with France was bad; that it would certainly be re- jected by the American Senate. and that it discredited article X, which Mr. Wilson considered vital to the treaty, was the opinion of Mr. Lansing during the peace conference. He in- dicates his bélief that Clemenceay insisted on the defensive fireaty as the price of support of the Wague. Mandate System Selfish. Secretary Lansing finds the mandate system of administering conquered territories a selfish device benefiting material interests of the manda holding powers under cover of appar- ent altruism. It was sought to take advantage of the unselfiShness of the American people to impose burden- l while giving profitable ones to Euro- pean powers. Mr. Lansing opposed the mandate system in talking with Col. House, but never knew whether his objec- tions were conveyed to the President. In connection with other problems, his communications sent directly to the President were never acknowl- edged,-according to Mr. Lansing, who found Mr. Wilson intolerant of sug- SPECIAL NOTICES. NEXT POOL CAR FOR_CALIFOR- R omcheid Fusds.at reduced mtes. with [ECORETY STOR- feer.” WANTED—A_VANLOATY OF HOUSEHOLD goods from New York. Philadelnhia and Har- risbore. THE RIG 4 TRANSFER (0., INC., 1125 14th st. n. ain 2139, w. 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Plumbing and beating dove on & small percent. ate basis: can give the best of references: g-:-w it will cost less than 1f work e done con ta tract._Address Box % Time to Get on the Job —with your house repairs. Lumber prices have come down and labor is less costiy. See ue for Lamber. Biinds. Sash. Wal Roard, Fencing, etc. Quick service on a orders. Geo. M. Barker Co., Inc. GBI N. T, ave.; 1517 Tm ot_Tel M. 128 PIANOS FOR RENT—UPRIGHT AND GRAND |- plance for rent at reasonable prices: rent ied o purchase price by agreement. HU BoRCH. Tii0 6. Nietrotas and records. HAVE A PAINT TAL —with us before you start DEVOE |_ith s bafors 7ou star rout fakes a | advice about medume te as vita " « -39 Wisconste ave. Phone West 67, o1, | AOUBBKEEPERS, ATTBNT) —X_VAS RS coming from Richmond to Washington. SMITH'S TRANSFER AND 8 at your residence: look like new prolon; wear of rugs. 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The National Capital Press 1210-121 D St. N.W. “Ironclad Roofers” No matter what your roof troubles be. youll find us equipped and ready to . Little jobs are just as welsome as the bigger kind. Just call us up! IRONCLAD Roofing 1416 F st. Your Mattress Will Last Longer and Feel Better if the Box Spring Is Kept Right. The Lox spring ie the real foundation of th bed. A modern plant for such servi i EDELL'S FACTORY Main 382 616 E ST. N.W. ROOF TROUBLE Call Main 760, Grafton& Son, Inc., “‘Heating and_Roofin Whsh. Loan. & Tr. blde. M. 760. Experts 35 Years. " CHURCH ANNOUNCEMENTS. PRESBYTERIAN. FRIDAY 8:00 P M. Gunton-Temple Pres. Church Corner 14th and R streets iscred Cuntats “‘Olivet to C Cborus Cuoir: Joba G. Kle, w. ivary”” Maunder. and Fred zm. gestions, irritated by opposition, and seemingly suspicious of the Secre- tary’s views after November 12, 1918, when Mr. Lansing incurred his dis- pleasure by urging him not to go to Paris personally. Mr. Lansing discusses the testimony of William C. Bullitt before the Sen- ate foreign relations committee. Mr. Bullitt quoted Mr. Lansing as saying that if the American people under- stood what the treaty let them in for they.would defeat it. Mr. Bullitt entirely changed the meaning of what had been said to him in Paris, Mr. Lansing declares. The President at time was campaigning for the league of nations in the west, and Mr. Lansing jtelegraphed to him. offering to explain the interview with Bullitt, but he says the President never an- swered his telegram. Because of the pressing need of peace, Secretary Lansing, despite his differegces with Mr. Wilson, continued to favor ratification of the treaty and covenant without reservations. This he did as long as there was a chance to secure an early peace by this method. Some of the high-spots of Mr. Lan- three of thelging's book are shown in the follow-|of the treaty from the delegates textual extracts: cannot but feel that my open op- position to his attending the confer- ence was considered by the President to be an unwarranted meddling with his pergonal affairs and was none of my business.” * X % ¥ “He (Mr. Wilson) said with great candor and emphasis that he did not intend to have lawyers drafting the treaty of peace. The President's sweeping disapproval of members of the legal profession participating in the treaty making seemed to be, and I believe was, intended to be notice to me that my counsel was unwelcome.” * X * ¥ “One may infer that the President was disposed to employ the general longing for peace as a means of ex- erting pressure on the delegates in Paris_and on their governments to accept his plan for a league.” * * “The President having in the re- port (on the league of nations) de- clared the American policy, his com- missioned representatives were bound to acquiesce in his decision, what- ever their personal views were. Ac- quiescence or resignation was the choice.” ing * x * x T think that it is not unjust to say that President Wilson was stronger in his hatreds than in his friendships. He seemed to lack the ability to for- give one who had in any way of- fended him or opposed him.” * X X % “The time given to the formulation of the covenant of the league, of na- tions and the determination that i should have first place in the nego- tiations caused such.a delay in the proceedings and prevented a speedy restoration of peace. Denial of this is useless. It is too manifest to require proof or argument to support it.” * X X X “It is fair to assume that he had no program prepared and was unwill- ing to have any one else make a tentative one for his consideration. Tt Peft the American commission without a chart marking out the course which they were to pursue.in the negotia- tions and apparently without a pilot who knew the channel.” . * X k “He was not disposed to discuss’ matters with the American commis- mission as a whole or even to an- nounce to them his decisions unless sognething arose which compelled him s do so. easily fell into the He describes$ some mandates on the United States| practice of seeing men separately and of keeping secret the knowledge ac- quired, as’ well as the effect of this knowledge on his views and purposes. *-%k ¥ ¥ “But for secrecy I firmly believe that there would have been no ‘Fiume affair.’ " * * K % “If to the increasing secretivencss of the proceedings of the controlling bodies of the peace conference are add- ed the intrigues and personal bar- C==T. 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Copyright National Newspaper Service. gainings which were constantly go- ing “lo, on. the -rolling'—to _use a term fami to American pelit which w ced, the record is P one which invites no pr: find many who condemn * k ok ok “Secrecy and intriguies which were only possible through secrecy stain- ed “nearly all the negotiations at Paris, but in the final act of with- holding knowledge of the actual text of in and will most of the nations repre: the confercnce the spirit of ness seems to have gone mad.” * k% ok “After an hour's conversation V count Chinda made it v apan intended to ‘pound of flesh.’ " REBEKAH E. MOSS DIES. Wife of Grain Dealer Had Been 111 for Past Year. Mrs. Rebekah E. Moss, wife of John T. Moss, grain and feed dealer of this ciey, died yesterday, from heart trouble, at her home, 455 K street northwest. She had be?n in ill health for about a Moss. formerly Miss Steven- son of Penfield, N. Y. had been a resident of Waskington for nearly ten years. 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Berry growers now may obtain per- mits to turn their surplus crops inte wine, according to the prohibition di- | vision of the bureau of Internal reve- nue, which has granted a’permit to the Btrawberry Growers' Assoclation of Loulslana to manufacture wine eut | of strawberries. Provision is made in the permit that no sugar can be add- ed to Increase the aicoholic content of the product, and it was stipulated that the permit was not to be consid ored as & precedent for a general is- suance of winery permits However, it was sald at the prohibi- the youth of America, Miss Julia Lathrop of the chlldren's bureau of the Department of Labor declared that if the schools were liberally there would be no need for strict com- pulsory education laws. Oklahoma stated that, with the grant- {ing of suffrage to women, the country {may look for higher appropriations | for schools, and teachers may expect {increases in salaries befitting the dig- nity of their profession. Teachers, she said, rank next to mothers for usefulness and greatness. Until teachers are properly organ- ized they will never get all they are entitled to, Edward F. McGrady of the American Federation of Labor de- clared. “The Amer Federation of La- * he said, vith vou, heart and | bor.” is to pledge vou the rcial support in any un- allou, superintend- ormally welcomed the Washington. Dr. Henry R. Linville of New York, who presid- ed, responded. The second public meeting of the conference will be held in the audi- torium of M inley Manual Training School, 7th street and Rhode Island rich in vitamins, are more useful elements that determine | growth and strength. * ~ (Tablets or Granules) | ror INDIGESTION 2 magazine. and of the events leading up to his resig- o o Negotiations llus, $3.00. Houghton, Mifflin Co. avenue, tonight at 8 o’clock. Dr. Wolf than others. Scott & Bowne, Bloomfield, N. J. 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