Evening Star Newspaper, August 27, 1898, Page 23

THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, AUGUST 27, 1898-24 PAGES. COCK FIGHTING What a Great Part It Plays in the Life of the Filipino. SS LOTTERIES ARE JUST AS POPULAR The “New Woman” Has Arrived, and Already Crowds Men Out. HOME TELLS WEAR eee WHAT the Fortnightly. said to be the one arnett ng May be the earthquake me is occasiou- the Malay generally, this pas- 2 passion pushed to the extreme. hut, every craft floating kk is to be found w than with time is as careful as that bes west on a race aps to perish on its first appear hor: A native at his gamecock, a pretty creature, not muc larger than 2 bai he carri nder his arm; and should his hut ht is this favorite, which, red, he leaves the rest to fate. shis are held regularly on Sunday tivals, and, in Manila, on one day week as well; and the laws reguiac- 1 contain a8 many as a hun- rict. r squat on their posture—on a ot of which are the is $00, and one to each cu ‘ rms the gullera , Felatively t am, which the weaith ormous, Tagals of the n staking from $3 to 3 | s to bed in consequence. } Meantime the owners of the first com arming their champions with a spur some two and a half inches long with as much care as is given to sad- ling a horse for the Deroy. When ali ih: bets have been collected the coc suld one run away without be n does not often occur, he is beaten, and a new antagoni to face the This time ¢ are more equal nt_of the reek- and Chinamen in- another, claws meeting di- { } f xa: as to which the partial as the m 2 of tickets in the gove These tickets are divided ntil a share may t ta (6d.), and mueh of the nat thus finds its of the Ha od: Th of the Tagals is occa Various ways. Duriag a 2 ar was Oo: t of the Generai Ho: the artic! ed for ihe y ing of tr a he numerous stalls held by anish and acket of tickets only, it might be of the or two, or. of several Ket at the price of a ance of winning one packet one of the for- of natives, on . thronged to lberaily, alls held by more faith n of the Span- ; at at the combined ican stall, at which J as- veral hundred pounds were tak: How Spain Governed Them. The sixteenth-century colonizers of the Philippines had the wisdom to allow the they domesticated to retain to a own tribal government, y f any importance made existing system being the totai abo- of the form of slavery practiced. the governor general took ace mer. A natives ‘ans and greater chiefs, 08. or feudal lords, were appointed he 2dorcillos, ¥ governors of nd townships, which were tel to their importance, pueblos or retained their native appel- f baran:; 'o these petty gov- nts and cabe: 4 men are termed, were inir ies of m: gistrate and t and visitas. latio: ern as pensible for the poll ler the name of for the prop- tute labor, whic road mendi nd and some days a kind of mu: mmand , in brie: ipal ‘d by is the | ese islands, in- and perpetuated to the great advantage A Married Woman's Paradise. The Philippine laws relating to the prop- erty of married persons are exceedingly quai interesting, being enurely in favor wife. The property of a bride don the husband. If a man and his wife well-to-do, so the hroughout their married life, hi thy of th ver sett re- be- ministrator of her ng no right to them. some of } S a sec nercial code ve un- er in the presence benefit from her if she have any, ‘St blood relatives, are tly happens that the ren is himseif im- ‘nt on their generosi_ { the same time he nanage their auairs d at their majori’y. to ren- count of his stewardsh.p. A ? woman continues to use her maid- ©. to which she adds her husband's prefix This’ she abandons t a widow, save for purposes of $ oF convenience. bear the names of woth mother; that of the mother . and is, consequently, t 1 Prominent. It is, however, only since 19H that the mass of the natives have adopted family designations. In that year a lict of surnames was sent to the priest qrish, from which the head of shold chose the cognomen whic ed him. Thus one may frat anon Ho De Saiceda, Lopez e dusky-h a- the interlor of Luzon ey Sued na: Women Crowd the Men Oat. Such being the legal status of women in these islands, it naturally follows that they enjoy 2 considerable degree of personal in- dependence, which, in some localities, eco- hemic conditions tend to increase, especially he working classes. The chief of economic conditions has been the al- mest exclusive employment in the govern. ment cigar factories of women. The staple industry of the city being thus debarted ficm men, various occupations and indus- tries, usually performed by women fall to their share. Into male hands has fallen to a great extent the manufacture and embroidery of the gauze made from the long silky fibers of the pineapple plant. By. the men are also woven, on primitive hand lecms, the dainty jusi-striped gauzes made from Chinese silk, and the hempen abaca. In their homes, too, while the wife is sus and deper ort, thou, jrule ia the earning the family bread—or rather rice, their staple food—the husband looks after the children and cooks the dinner. It is also very difficult to get women to act as nurses and maids in European families. And more than one English family of my acquaintance found themselves under the necessity of drafting into the nursery one or more of the muchachos, or “boys” of the household, often finding these male nurses more satisfactory in many respects than the women. This approximate “equal- ity of the sexes” in the Philippines, not accorded to them by Christionity, but to a great extent merely a survival of their own ancient tribal customs, affords further evi- dence of the untruth of the assumption by the Mill School of the tmmemorial and world-wide “subjection of women.” Matrimony Overtaxed. Irregular unions are extremely common, and for this, strange to say, the clergy are largely responsible. Though a regular tar- iff of marriage fees exists, the priests often set these aside and demand a quite exor- bitant fee, calculated upon the supposed wealth of the parties. Tagals having a d aversion to being married elsewhere ros , 4 t than jn their own parish, this abuse o piwer! ls not easily evaded. The conse- that, in village and town alike, eigen altogether with the religious remony, and content themselves with the old communal or family sanction, the cus- tomary ts being presented to the bride’s futher, and the usual festivities held. Many Mixed Marriages. Mixed marriages have always been en- couraged by the government of the Philtp- s, special advantages being granted to military men who marry the daughters of the country. Three centuries of intermar- riage between European men and native women, and also between the latter and the numerous Chinese immigrants, consequently added to the original popula- na large proportion of hali-breeds rep- nting every degree of admixture. Morose Hali-Brecds. The moral result of this is that they are, ally speakirg, morose In disposition, ious in temper, exasive and vacillattag, listied with their lot, fond of litigation an‘t political intrigue and inclined to foster grievances agairst the government. The better educated among them aspire to be- coming reformers of their country’s insti- ons, ani, even previously to the late s. a ertain number have been im- i enough to give proof of the desire tained by many to overthrow Spanish aads and establish insteal a ublic. an ascertained fact that nergy introduced inio the aative by European blood lasts ine ly to the second gereration; and, left to elf, the tendency of the mestizo is to revert to the maternal typ2. The 109 indolent, and the hoid of civ- um too slight, ever to make thing higher than municipal gelf-gov- ment possibie in these islands. Their Gay Costumes. Most of the mestizos and many of the ‘Yagal women are arrayed in full skirts of brighily checked, striped or brocaded silks, ard those among them who content them- selves with cotton outvie their wealthier ters in vividly contrasting red, blue and yellow. Over this the Tagais wear a pl. dark blue stuff, fastened | Ughtly round the ips, and descen: the knee. The be: haped sleeves of their | short, loose jackets, made of pina gauze, and the kerchiefs of the same material worn on t the wi he s joors on e their borders decorated lacelike needlework. Their which when loose often their ank are neatly coiled at the back of the he where they are + c 1 with gold-mounted pins and cont! € set with r diamonds, as are ls the bracelets, and long waich ch which the Tagal elegante delights in wearing. Their stockingless feet are pr a froz dust by chinelas, col- ered slippers ting merely of a sole and accommodation for four toes, the small toe remaining outside. The native wear white duck trousers and a which latter may be more or les cut familiar to us white calico, but the front ly embroidered, tucked or . and the back is disposed in full unconfined by the trousers. Camisa fuera. “shirt outside,” is the technical } term for this native fashion, which greatly scandalized an e arcival at Mani English lady on her aily, my dear, don’t 1 he exclaimed in a horrified’ whis- per. to her daughter when this costume first met her shocked gaze. “Don't look! | selt.” | ‘The camisa fuera, however, takes rather j the form of a blouse, and consequently | strikes a European less oddly when made of pina gauze, of the prettily striped jusi or of the hempen abs With these the native pure and simple wears the salacot, a mushroom-shaped, sunproof hat, some- times inlaid round the brim with a pattern In silver. This heaégear of his forefathers is discarded to a great extent by the towns- man for a straw hat of European form, as he has discarded chinelas for patent leath- er boots. The children, boys and'giris, are nade up into quaint little miniatures of their elders. though. as above mentioned, their costumes are oré inartly either of the simplest kind or conspicuous by their ab- sence. : ‘Vant nas forgotten to dress him- THE EIFFEL TOWER. At Night It Will Look Like a Ladder Reaching to the Skies. From London Sketch. ‘The aesthetes want the Eiffel tower pull- ed down. ‘They say it is a huge, ugly scaf- fold. The plea was put in when the plans for the exposition of 1900 were first dis- je -d. Unfortunately for them, it cannot down: it is leased to a company hose contract runs for twenty years from te of building—a good many years j yet to come This was the arrangement to reimburse M. Eiffel. The only thing, there- fore, that the commission could do for the | aesthetes was to Study some means to make the tower more agreeable to their eyes. Two years they have cogitated, and have hit upon an idea. They ar ‘= to paint it from the red- brown it {s to silver-white. This is not the it may seem, either mechan- it will take fifty men onths, with 50,000 kilograms of paint, and operation must be repeated a second 2, OF ally, for instead of, as now, | seeming to rise up from the earth, it will appear rather to descend from the ether jregions. Lighted at night its whole length | with streaming lines of light, it will look ike some great ladder let down from heaven. The aesthetic Jacobs on the ground will, therefore, have whereon to give their imaginations full play. the aesthetes may grumble, would certainly miss the great hat lights them democratically, one and all, to bed; that sways its head in the clouds—it is said to sway three yards and more out of the perpendicular—a monument to French science. It is another matter what the thoughts may be of the man that built it, whose name is constantly by its means on the lips of Parisians, while he himself, by an frony of fate, seems forgot- ten. M. Eiffel, since the Panama affair which involved him, is heard of no more. Up in the top of the tower he has some private rooms, where during the Panama (riais the wags proposed that he he im- prisoned. Has he taken refuge there, to expiate his faults or to ruminate on the in- gratitude of his fellow men? —+2+ Farmers Can Make Good Roads, From the Ladies’ Home Journal, In each county there should be founded a road improvement association, which shall have a one or two days’ meeting in the autumn of each year. To the meinbership and to the meetings all the farmers should be invited, while all those in the county acting as road overseers, or road super- visors, should be urged especially to at- tend. At these meetings special, definite, practical instruction should be given in maintaining and repairing dirt roads. Com- petent men to give such instruction can be secured without cost to such societies, for the United States Department of Agricul- ture has a road bureau, and this bureau will always supply a competent instructor to teli the people just exactly what_they need, and how to do the work as it should be done. | come . When a weil and favorably known art- ist was offered a baronetcy he turned ta his wife with the question, “My dear, should you Jike to ‘become Lady Burne- Jones?” To ‘this question he received the reply,.“I should prefer to be known as the wife of Edward Coiy Burne-Jones; that is honor enough for me.” But the two had a son and heir, for whose sake they disregarded their own desires in the matter. TRAVELING IN TURKEY A Hard Task Over the Harrow, Steep Streets of Constantinople. They Are Often Nothing More Than a Footpath and Are Impassahle Save to Pedestrians. From the Scalpel. : The era of roads and wheels is preceded by the era of.beasts of burden. These were, and are in some countries, men and women—especially women—slaves. The ex- tent to which men and women are used as beasts of burden may be taken as a meas- ure of the civilization attained, and of the success in overcoming physical difficulties. We saw this strikirgly proved by contrast- ing Constantinople with Athens. In Con- stantinople any amount of luggage, enough for a camel, is piled on the back of an Al- banian porter or “hamal,” who trots away with it cheerily up the precipitous streets. In Athens half the load would be put upon a cart. A Greek is not a porter; he scorns the menial trade; but, then, he makes good roads, which a horse and carriage can work. Tried in this way, the Turks are not. unfavorably contrasted with some parts of Italy. The heaviest loads are carried up the hills bounding the Lago Maggiore by wo- men; they frequently carry enough to load a packhorse. I have seen women carrying travelers on their backs up steep hills. Women, degraded enough in other ways, are rarely made to do this in Turkey. In- telligence, energy and humanity concur in lessening the load the poor women have to bear. Where these qualities are found rcads and wheels are soon constructed. in Constantinople the roads are very bad, so wheels are still greatly supple- mented by animals. The best way to get about the town is on horseback. The horses are very intelligent, and can take you through narrow, steep, rough streets where no wheels can go. Even the grand street of Pera, the main residential quar- ter, is in places so narrow that two car- riages can hardly pass. There is rarely more than one footpath, and that is fre- quently broken, and the foot passengers have to seek what refuge they can in docr- ways, or by flattening themselves against the walls, ff dogs are not in possession; and the dogs of Constantinople are jealous of their rights. From this grand street there diverge at all sorts of angles side streets or lanes that run down to the shore; these are in- describable, steep, crooked, dirty and rough. Big bowlders, big holes, narrow and intricate windings, sharp corners, call for stout legs, sound wind, vigilant lookout and all the patience the traveler can com- mand to carry him in safety, and now and then hes must halt to draw breath, to re- cover om a stumble or to avoid a calamitous rencontre, for many of these infernai—the word, or something as bad, often extorted by painful wrenches—ways carriages go. “Guarda! guarda!” from the drivers is the warning precations. It is, upon the whole, wiser not to swear. No cursing, however loud and deep, will ever induce the Turk io mend his ways; he is the most typical impersonation of nenchalance ‘n the world; his energy is pies his strength is the vis inertia. Why should he make smooth roads for dogs and Giaours? Down many of these streets the carriages go. The hired ve- hicles themselves are fair. The broughams are far better than the London growler. They are built in London and Paris. They are worked by two horses; one horse could not drag them up the hills. The drivers are mostly Greeks, and are smart enough in extorting excess fares. The easiest way of circulating is on horseback. Horses, with English saddles, stand for hire like our cabs. They are mostly strong animals; they can find room where wheels cannot. Another way of locomotion, reminding one of historical times at home, is by the sedan-chair. I tried one. Two stout Al- banians carried me in an easy, swinging, elastic trot, working synchronously with the spring of the poles. In private houses one is kept in the hall. They bear evidence of the state of the streets. No doubt our own a hundred years ago were not much better, and accordingly sedan-chairs were in use. It will probably be long before they go-out of use in Constantinople. What of cycles? In Constantinople they are im- possible. Bipeds inust tread the ground. —___+ e+ _____. ENGLAND LEARNS LESSONS, Some of the Revelations of the His- pano-American War. From the London Mail. The first and most significant lesson of the war between Spain and the United States has been th3 danger of an obsolete armament. At Manila the Spaniards may have been badly commanded, but they cer- tainly did uot want courage. With pluck and a moderate amount of luck they ought to have accounted for a good many more than eight American wound2d, when their own butcher's bill was 614. Yet they killed not a single American, and !nflicted the most trivial damage upon Admiral Dew ships. The explanation is their guns were old and weak, They were breechloaders, it is true, but breechloaders cf an ancient pat- tern, and so the Spanish ships were torn to pieces and the Spanish seamen slaughtered without the possibility of injuring their op- ponents. Precisely the same thing might happen to a British fleet. England has ships on her effective list armed with guns of an even older and more obsolete pattern than those which disgraced Admiral Montejo’s squad- ron and brought defeat upon his flag. She has, that is to say, the famous muzzle-load- ers, which in any other fieet would long ago have been relegated to the museum. But the British are a conservativ2 people, and the British ministry of marine is a con- servative institution. By th2 latest return of British Redeges there are no less than forty-three ships armed with muzzle-loaders in the British navy. The muzzie-loading gun was abandoned by the British admiralty as far back as 1880—-elghteen years ago—and ought tong ago to have vanished from all our ships. It was abandoned because it was inferior in power, accuracy, rapidity of fire and ease of handling to the breechloader. Pow>r, ac- curacy, rapidity of fire and ease of handling in guns represent exactly those features which decid> batties. How bad the muzzle-loader is does not seem to be realized by British citizens. A few figures may give soma clear idea: Nine-inch muzzle-loader pierces L1 inches of armor and strikes a blow capable of lift- ing 3,681 tons one foot. Six-inch quick-firer of newest pattern pierces 21 Inches of armor and strikes a blow capable of lifting 4,800 tons one foot. And the modern gun weighs little more than haif the old gun, can be fired ten times for the muzzle-lcader’s once, and is, with- out exaggeration, three times as likely to bit the target. Certainly the English are a conservative race. Their seamen may be brave—and we know that they are brave—but I shudder at the fate of men who are sent out with nine- inch muzzle-loaders to meet ships armed with six-inch quick-firers or guns even bet- ter. For the new French guns are as good as, if not better than, sven the British best. They have been adopted by Russia as the finest quick-firers existing. England will pay for this neglect some day. One fine morning war will come, and she will wake to the fact that on3-fourth of her battle ships are useless, or worse than useless, since she has counted upon them and imagined that they were fit and ready for sarvice, She will pay for her neglect in the slaugh- ter of British seamen and in ships captured by the enemy. And then perhaps she will discover that Bismarck~spoke the truth when hz said, “If we have to risk the life- blood of our men against our enemies in the field we are bound to give them the best eenene, that money and science can pro- ie” ——_—_---—_____ Families Badly Mixed. From the Carrollton (Ky.) Democrat. ’ On Butler Taylor’s farm bantam chickens and quatiis are mixed. The quail hen hatch- ed chickens and the bantam is the proud mother of a covey of little quails. The little chickens followed the quail mother .off into the Copse and are as wild as real quails, an Dar tam’s little ciate deport themselves in the yard and coop the same as regulation chickens. RANDOM WERSE. Sen S Written for The Evening - A Naval Heritage. Vikings, with pinions of Gulls;went forth, On crests of the blue and the brine, Fishers and fighters in waters wroth, Doughty captains from out of the north, ‘To battle with sane litje. English sallors with resolute lips, On seething billows affeat, Met in struggle the stranger sbips, Apeak the pennant that $i¢om dips To a better seaman or boat. Anglo-Saxons were taught! to war And win on the troubled wave By daring Norsemen whose might was law, Finest seamen the world then saw, And England to serve and save, Ours a place by the steadfast side Of the stout sea-kings of old, Rank well earned on the ocean's tide, Glory greater than Iand-king’s pride, The title that brave wien hold. Hall to the honor of Freedom's fleet, Our navy that knows no stain; Its flag a gallant and starry sheet Whose folds our heroes with rapture greet: In triumph it sails the main! DAVID GRAHAM ADEB. —_.—_—— ‘Two Islands, mma A. Lente in Zion's Herald. Two Istends lay within a lake at Munster, ‘And scarce ‘three leagues of water flowed be- tween: On one Death came and went, but on the other ‘The shadow of his presence beer was seen. Glad were the dwellers on one happy island, For youth was there, high hopes, and lightsome hearts; They built fatr dwellings where they sang and feasted, ‘They bought and sold within their busy marts. The years went swiftly by, almost uncounted, ‘Titi marks of age were Seen on many a face, THI forms grew bent, and eyes grew dim and wistful, Till life seemed weariness, and death a grace. Disease grew rife, and pain was close companfon, Burdens pressed’ heavily, joys ceased to be, Gain lost its charm, nu more they cared for fe: ing, And men grew tired with immortality. And longingly they looked toward the island Where sorrows ceased, and pain and all unrest, Where cares could be laid down, at once, forever, And deenied that island most supremely bl And lovers who in south exulted, knowing That in thelr future could uo partings He, At lust grew weary, und with solemn pity Grieved for each other that they could not die. And, though they spake po word, with furtive glances They looked plain, Unto those quiet fields of grass-grown hillocks, And craved their utter, blissful rest to gain. across the water's shimmering } And—so the legend says—full many a shallop Slipped from’ its moorings by Life’s fair green isle, And fore these heartslck ones to Death's own isiand, Te gain the boon denled such weary while. ee ‘Trust. ‘The cumel, at the close of day, Koeels down upon the sandy plain To have his burden lifted off And rest again. My soul, thou too shouldst to thy knee When daylight draweth to 2 close, And let the Master lift the load And grant repose. as 4 Else how couldst thou toniorrow meet With all tomorrow's Work to do, If thow the burden alb theshight Dost carry through? ‘The camel kneels at break of aay ‘To have bis guide reylacg, the loads ‘Then rises up auew to take ‘The desert road. * So shouldst thou knee! at norning dawn, ‘That God may give thee aily care, Assured that He uo Wad tho great Will make thee bear. — ee Song After Victory. Hector Fuller in Indianapolis Newe. We have given onr best, oh Lord? We gave without stint er measite Our sons to the ruthless sword, ‘The best of our men and treasure; We heeded the ery of distress, -Lord. God! We trusted the cause to aveey % We Jeanted op Thy might While we fought for the right— Fought upon land and sea. ‘To Thee the praise, Lord Godt ‘That bade theshorrors cease, That ied this land with Thy tender band ‘To Victory and Peace. "Neath a tropical sky, oh Lora! And sunk 1) the boundless deep Lie those we loved who died by the sword— Have they not earned their sleep? ‘They have fiwished the task Thou guyest, Lord! ‘Dhey have paid the score of years, With ‘the victory won their work is Gone— ‘We thank ‘Thee throngh our tears. To Thee the praise, Lord God! ‘That caused the war to cease, ‘That with Thy might upheld the right And blessed our laud with Peace. The First Love Letter. Well, I'm eighteen at Jast, Aid my childhood I've passed, And I'm now in the social processions Mamma says with a sigh, ‘That time flies, and that I Haye arrived at the age of discretion. But how’er that may be It will never suit me, For I may as well make my confession~ I've arrived at the age Which shall be, I'll engage, Fell of fun, and no doubt, indiscretion. ++ The Negro Soldier. From the Boston Journal. We used to think the negro didn’t count for very much — Light fingered iu the melon pateh and chicken yard and such; Much mixed in point of morals and absurd in point of dress, ‘The butt of droll cartoonists and the target of the press; But we've got to reconstruct our views on color, more or less, Now we krow about the Tenth at La Quasina! When a rain of shot was falling, with a song upon his lips, Bee ed splay In the horror where such gallant ves went out in death's eclipse, Face to tace with Spanish bullets, on the slope of San Juan, . ‘The negro soldier showed himself another type of man; Read the story of his courage, coldly, carelessly, who can— The story of the ‘Tenth at La Quasina! We have heaped the Cuban soil above their bodies, black aud white— ‘The trangely sorted comrades of that grand and glorious fight— And mauy « fair-skinned yolunteer goes whole and sound today For the succor of the colored troops, the battle records say, bs And the feud is done forever, of the blue coat and the gray— All honor to the Tenth at La Quasina! —_+ e+ Ills Near and Far. T've no objection to the one who has the tears to Awceplt over misery, henegt th some fur-off sky; Bat seems to me here close t6 ‘home that sorrow'a hot.so rare tein ‘That we can look an’ wrong, an’ List'nin, Dear no sigh, 0” 6° 80 W'y, north ap’ south an’ fin’ west, there: merit clothed in de sa rags, © An’ Innocence alone, ‘slone} while lust lays near mm wait; $8. 10 In hovels damp are breakin’ hile time its Stow ‘length drags, earte ™ An’ truth, whatever seers fay say, seems down- ed by lyin’ hate. wee It folks have fcelin’s that extend to woes near an’ away, Riigie All well ‘au’ g they take Done acatiace =o ae ener cf That charity's the best thay helps the weak that us » Mor. thee the Levite passe¥by!*upon the other le."* it POLE T. HALE —_~+-e. 4 A Song of the: New. Maurice Thompson in the Independent. ‘There's a new swell on the ata, and a new light in the sky, 2 = ‘The weather freshens and - A spirit of power hovers on high,” - And a waft comes down from fis wings. The old time Is no more; tts dust is blown ‘away; Its broken ships went down s Ina tidal wave st Manila bay, — And Santiago the ships ha cape Ut he de af terns Menealirs deoe Over isles made suddenly dear By cur dead who died so valiantly, "and cur heroes wo bohd wat eer, Now the old may dote on thé"past; and the weak miay pule and ery, And shrink from the change-that ent ing and the strong, with hearts ‘Baye the pulse of the trumpets and drums. ‘Their guns have spoken the word, and their tram- Pets have borve it far In triumph from shore to shore; os Our Shall AGUINALDO AND HIS MEN Personality and Surroundings of the Phil- ippine Insurgent Dictator. « Future of the Islands From Fili- pinos’ Point of View—Treatment of Spanish Prisoners. John T, McCutcheon in the Chicago Record. CAVITE, June 20, 1808. Cavite is a most Interesting place these days. It is here that General Aguinaldo has his headquarters and directs his cam~ paign. Here also are buildings after build~ ings filled with Spanish prisoners that have been captured, and hospital wards filled with the wounded. The streets are lively with groups of insurgents preparing for the front, and nearly every day there come big detachments of prisoners and captured stores. Shops are springing up on every street and the town is assuming its old activity. On the second floor of a fine residence in the Calle de) Arsenal is the seat of the dictatorial government. Director Aguinal- do holds forth here, with his cabinet of ministers, and armed sentries are scat- tered along the approaches to his offices. As one enters the building there are sen- tries presenting arms all along the wide, cool corridor, and at the top of the broad stairway leading above. Arriving at the landing it is necessary to send a card or state the object of the visit to an orderly, who communicates with the dictator. A number of soldiers are in the ante-room, and in the rooms to the rear are evidences of the domestic part of the establishment. Several women belonging to the household are to be seen, and a number of little chil- dren give a homelike appearance to the seat of government. These are the orphans of insurgents who have been killed, and in the absence of any regular institution for their care they are installed in the home of the general. Aguinaldo’s Personality. Presently the orderly returns and ushers the visitor into the office occupied by Aguinaldo. It is a large, handsome room, and is fitted up with tables for the use of @ secretary and for himself. The generat is a most hospitable man and looks and acts little like one occupying the supreme position among the Filipinos that he does. He is small, with a Japanese cast of fea- tures, and shows a face of some intellectual force. As he speaks no English all the conversation is carried on through an in- terpreter, unless the visitor can speak Spanish or French. Cigars are at once placed at the disposal of all, and the conversation that ensues fs pleasant and unrestrained. Occasionally a messenger brings in a dispatch from the forces in the field, and sometimes these interruptions involve an earnest consultation between one of the ministers and Aguinaldo. A large map of Manila and the suburbs is constantly in reach of the general, and there are frequent references to it. The phenomenal successes of his forces do not seem to surprise him or give him a notice- able feeling of self-importance, and he goes on giving orders and shifting his men as if it were the most natural thing in the world.to do. At present Aguinaldo is absolute dictator of the Filipinos. Every order he gives is carried out without question, unless an ex. ception be made of the colonel who was too enthusiastic and zealous. This colonel started with 300 men and was sent to at- tack a certain Spanish stronghold. He speedily captured it and then moved on toward Manila with his victorious troops, sending back to Aguinaldo for a fresh ply of ammunition. This was immediately sent, and with it went an order demanding his return to Cavite for consultation; but befcre the ammunition arrived at the place where he had asked to have it sent the col- onel had gone on to the next village, and the general's message was not reccived, If it was, it was disregarded in the fervor of his fighting enthusiasm. As fast as he sent for ammunition it would be forwarded and with it the note of recall, which was never effective, It is now the intention to try the officer py court-martial for diso- bedience, even though he disobeyed in such a gallant manner. Philippines’ Fatare. Aguinaldo is fighting for the independence of the Philippine Islands. He wants the intervention of the church in state mat- ters discontinued and freedom of religious views recognized. He wants an unbridled press, and he wants a protectorate placed over the islands by the United States, pref- erably, or Great Britain. This latter clause is one that concerns us chiefly, for if the United States decides to hold the islands it has been wondered just where the insurg- ents would come in, unless an improvement in condition and government be considered their reward. Whether the insurgents would consent to the annexation of the islands to the United States cannot be foreseen. The Filipinos’ flag now flies from many a town that Fas beer captured. This flag that they have hoisted so gallantly over the towns they have taken is a beautiful ene. It is red, white and blue, with the white in a tri- angle, with a sun and three stars on it. The three stars stand for the Islands of Luzon, Mindanzo and Visayas. The sun means progress, and the eigh: rays that radiate from it stand for the provinces of Luzon which fought in the last revolu- tion against Spain. These stars and the sun are of gold or yellow. The upper di- vision of the remaining portion of the flag is red and the lower part is blue. The mem. bers of the cabinet whom I have met spe: with the greatest enthusiasm of America and of the American-Pnilippine alliance, and when any one from the fleet walks through Cavite the soldiers and native citi- zens greet him with presented arms and raised hats. It makes a modest American feel like the President of the United States. Prisoners of the Insurszents. It has been something of a problem for Aguinaldo to take care of the hundreds of prisoners that he has captured and the scores of wounded that have been brought into Cavite. Churches and barracks have become extemporized prisons, and a con- vent has been converted to hospital uses. As a consequence of this absence of reg- ular jails the Spaniards are quartered al- most as comfortably as the insurgents. AJl thé privates have been put in the bar- racks formerly occupied by the Spanish soldiers when Spain had control, and so it happens tHat many of them are simply translated back to their old homes. The windows are all barred, and so escape would be difficult, There are between 700 end 800 confined ir these barracks, and a force of guards watches all possible ave- rues of escape. A large number of Spanish officers are lodged in the annex to the church, which used to be the priests’ liv- ing rooms. This building is big and roomy, and surrounds a patio filled with beautiful plants and tropical trees. It makes a de- lightful prison, and the Spanish officers are evidently far.more pleased in it than if they were out in the field being stormed on every side by insurgents and working on no pay and almost no food. All the prisoners are supplied with rice and fish as food, and fare practically the same as the insurgent soldiers. When I went into the officers’ prison the other day they showed no resentment. Most of them were lounging around on cots and in hammocks, Smoking cigarettes and cigars, and making themselves as cool as possible. When we entered some of the officers whose coats had been removed immediately put them on, despite the amfable remonstrances of the visitors. Nearly all the Spanish officers and soldiers are fine-looking men and in great contrast to the small, incongruously dressed men who have captured them. Extemporized Prisons. In addition to these two prisons others heve been extemporized in the residences of Cavite. A number of higher officials and officers are confined in these houses, and there is hardly any indication that they are prisoners. Some of them are even alowed the freedom of the streets, and two officers sup- Were seen one day calmly strolling ad wn | the Calle del Arceral with no guard what- ever, There seems to be no desire => es- cape. They know that the American fleet would intercept them on the water side, 23 FIGHTING COUSIN GEORGE. Philosop! Dooley Tells Why He "t Be Stopped. From the Cbtcago Journal. “If they don’t catch up with him pretty soon,” said Mr. Dooiey, “he'll fight his way ar-round th’ wurruld an’ come out through Bar-saloona or Cades.” “Who's that?” asked Mr. Hennessy. “Me Cousin George, no less,” said Mr. Dooiey. “1 suppose ye think th’ war is over an’ peace has rayturned jus’ because Tiddy Rosenfelt is back home again an’ th’ sojers ar-e hungry in New York ‘stead iv in Sandago. That’s where ye'er wrong, Hinnissy. That’s where ye’er wrong, me bucko. Th’ war is not over till Cousin George stops fightin’. Th’ Spanyards have had enough, but among thrue fightin’ men it don’t make anny diffrence what th’ feel- in’s iv th’ la-ad undherneath may be. "Tis whin th’ man on top has had his fill iv fightin’ that un’ throubie’s over, an’ be th’ look iv <hings Cousin George has jus’ be- gun to take ta: “Whin me frind Mack con-cluded ‘twas time t'r us to stop figntin’ an’ begin shin- ning each other in what Hogan calis th’ marts iv thrade, ye Unought that ended it. So did Mack. He says, says he: ‘Let us have peace,” he says. An’ Mark Hanna came cut iv th’ cetlar, where he’s been since Cousin George presinted his compii- ments to th’ Ph'iippines an’ wud they pre- fer to be kilt or darowned, an’ pro-posals Was madt t bond th’ Cubian pathrites an’ all th’ deuces in th’ deck begun to jook like face car-rds again whin suddentiy there comes a message fr'm Cousin George. ‘in pursooance ivy ordhers that niver come,’ he says, ‘today th’ squadhron undher my command knocked th’ diyvie out iv th’ for- tifications iv th’ Fh'lippines, bombarded the city, on’ locked up th’ insurgent gin ral. The gov'nor go. away be swimmin’ aboord a Dutch ship an’ th’ Dutchman took him to Ding Dorg. I'll attind to th’ Dutchman some afthernoon whin | have nawthin’ else to do. I'm settin’ in the palace with me feet on th’ pianny. Write soon. I won't get it. So no more at prisint frm ye’er ol’ trind an’ weli-wisher, George Dooley. “How ar-re they goin’ to stop him? How ar-re they goin’ to stop him? There's Mack on th’ shore bawiin’ ordhers. ‘Come back,’ he says. ‘Come back. i com-mand ye,’ he says. ‘eorge, come back,’ he says. “Th’ war is over,’ he says. ‘We're at peace with th’ wurruld,’ he says. ‘Georg, he says, ‘George, be a good teliow,’ he says. ‘Lave up on thim,’ he says. ‘Hivins an’ earth, he’s batin’ that poor Spanyard with a pav- in’ block. George, George, ye break me hear-rt,’ he says. “But George Dooley, he gives th’ wink to his frinds, an’ says he, ‘Whats that man yellin’ on th’ shore about? he says. ‘Louder,’ he says, ‘I can’t hear ye, ue says. ‘Sing it,’ he says. ‘Write it to me on @ postal ca-ard at Mahdrid,’ he says. ‘Don’t stop me new," says. “This is me busy day,’ he says, an’ away he goes with a plece iv Jead pipe in wan hand an’ a coup- lin’ pin in th’ other. “What'll we do with him? We can't catch up with him. He's goin’ too fast. Mack's a week behind him iv'ry time he stops‘annywhere. He has sthrung a throl- ley a th islands an’ he's climbin’ mountains with his fleet. Th’ on’y thing I see, Hinnissy, that Mack can do is to go east an’ meet him comin’ r-round. If he hurries he'll sthrike somewhere in Rooshia or Boohigahria, an’ say to him: ‘George, th’ w over. Won't ye come home with me?’ I think he'll listen to rea- son.” “I think a man oug whin th’ war is ended,” said Mr. Henne: “I dinnaw about that,” said Mr. Dooley “He started without skin’ our lave an’ I don't see what We've got to do with th’ way he finishes. ” -rble thing to be a man iy an’ not to know whin th’ other fellow’s licked.” Se me THE NOONDAY MBAL. A Growing Disposition to Give More Time to Eating. From the Philadelphia Press. A noticeable change, it is claimed, is oc- curring in New York city in the manner and method of lunching by business men. ‘the old rush and hurry are giving way to more leisure, and the five-line row of impa~ tient humanity which once fought for place and the attention of the waiter at the lunch counter has melted to a thin row only one deep. Clubs and “sit-down” restaurants are growing in popularity, and the men who once imagined that the financial and professional world would go all awry if they gave more time than five minutes at neon to appeasing their appetites are find- ing that: the wheels of trade can run on without their constant attention, and that a littie comfort and care of the stomach are paying investments for the business ran. This change was sure to come, sooner or later. The reign of the quick hinch coun- ter was certain to be brief. It was de- manded by the changes taking place in methods of business and manner of living, So long as the merchant and professional quan could live a few squares away frum Nis office the old custom of serving noon dinner was kept up, and husbands, fathers and sons appeared regularly ac their places at the table. But when the distance be- tween home and office lengthened to a mile the old practice had its obstacle: When two miles intervened it pe possible to keep it up. The c growing gap between business center and residence center put up an effectual bar- rier to the noon dinner and the junch coun- ter came in in its place. in New York city the change was sudden ard complete. But Philadeiphia fought long and hard for its midday meal. Its stomach, with Quaker persistency, refused to be slighted. But at last it had to give in. ‘The growth of restaurants during the past ten years in the business part of the city typifies the change. They have increased according to the demand. The transition from the home dinner to the lunch counter hes been made without any intermission filied with the lunch basket brought from home. This is another reason for regret. The original Harper Brothers, who esiab- lished the well-known publisa New York city, were accustomed for years after they could not go home to a noon din- ner to carry their lunch with them and eat it in the office. And it is ciaimed that in the informal talks ever .hese luncheons some of the mo8t suggestive hints as to im- provements in their business came out. But the lunch basket is too old-fashioned to make headway against the juncia coun- ter. The incentive must come from anoth- er source, and ths stomach seems te have given it. That much-abused organ is re- volting against the “swallow now and chew afterward” method of allaying midday hun. ger. Dyspepsia with all its attendant evils is beginning to teach men that digestion must be cared for and that a fortune won by disobeying the laws of health is an in- sufficient return for a broken-dewn con- stitution. It is related that a pnysiclan ad- vised a victim of hasty meals to take a trip to Europe, and when that was deciared to be impossible, the physician zdmitted that it would do just as much good if the patient would stay at home aad take an hour for lunch. A majority of cases of the same disease could be cured in the same way. it is at first a wonder and at lust a de- light to the American, newly arrived in Lendon, to see the English business end professionali man lunch. If he belongs to the former class, he frequents the small restaurants in which London abouns, end leisurely enjoys a juicy steak and sips his flagon of beer, feeling sure that the British empire will come to no harm while he is caring for his stomach. But if he is for- tunate enough to be a bencher, he sits down in the “inn.” on the hard seat by the side of the bare tabie polished by use und biack- ened by age, while the waiter spreads his napkin and serves his roast beef and steaming potato, knowing all the time that judge and jury are induiging in the same leisurely luxury. If this custom can be made popular in America it will result in a to stop fightin’ OUR NEW ISLANDS We Shall Come Into the Possession of a Large Number. SITUATED IN THE WEST INDIES Some of Them Will Doubtless Prove to Be Very Valuable. ———_—__ THE ISLE OF PINES From the Chicago Times-Herald. The demand of the United States upon Spain calls for the cession to the United States not only of Porto Rico, but of all the other West Indian Islands except Cuba. The average man knows of but the two great Spanish islands Cuba and Porto Rico, but there are about a dozen others, some of them unimportant, but others re- garded as quite valuable. These islands are off the coasts of Cuba and Porto Rico. The great number of them are near Cuba’s shore, and it will be a question for decision whether they shall belong to the United States by the terms of the treaty or whether they shall be considered as a part of Cuba. For the Trost part these islands are like the reefs of Florida and the Bahamas. Some are of calcareous origin, being the creation of the same coral builders that may be seen through the transparent waters still at work on the marine bed. These keys vary greatly in size. Some of them are islands large enough to be habitable, with fresh water for the consumption of those who choose to make them their dwelling place. The largest of these reefs on thi uh- ern shore is the Cayo Romano, with an estimated area of 180 square miles, and its surface broken by three hillocks. The chief industry there, and, indeed, the only one that will thrive, is that of gathering salt. The isiand is filled with depressions of from one to two feet deep. During the storms the waves dash over the keys and leave the depressions filled with water. When summer comes, with its burning sun, the heat dries the water and a deposit of salt is left. It is believed that the Cayo Romano could supply the salt needed for the of all Cuba. Reefs and islets are even more numer- ous off the south coast of Cuba than in the north. Here they are further from the shere and less regular. The Isle of Pines. The most extensive island of the thirteen hundred that ar2 strewn around the Cuban seaboard fs the Isla de Pinos (Isle of P.nes), which, indeed, is nearly as large as all of the others put together. In the statements of Spain's possessions, ma by official sources, it always has a plac? to itself, The island, which lies fifty miles off the southwes st of Cuba, consisis really of two islands, separated by a tortt passage, half channel, half swamp, which winds at a nearly uniform width tor about three miles from west to east. From east to west th Isla de Pinos ts sixty miles in and from north to souu Sts breadth ty-five miles, the area being 600 squure miles. it is a beautiful island with excel- lent harbors, lofiy mountains, fertile plains and many rivers. In the center is a moun- tain known ns th? Sierra la Canada, rising about 1,60 feet above ine level of the sea, and with Ss 150 feet in he There are also Daguilla mount feet in height; the ra de 1,074 feet high, and several other smaller peaks. At the base of these mountains are quarries from whica beautiful marble way b» extracted, although they Lave Leen worked to but a slight cxient. rivers are shallow, several are navigable for four or five miles, thcir main advantage being (hat they keep the island well wa- tered. The principal producis are cattie, tobacco, mahogany, cedar, and other woods, sulphur, pitch and tar; but there ara © mines from which silver, quicksilver d iron are extracted. he climate of the island is mild and healthy all the year, and few present a better chance for settlers, and yat it has only a population of about 2,000. The Isla Though the jde Pinos has always been regarded as a dependency of Havana, and would probably be claimed by the Cuban government. The Passage Islands. Between Porto Rico and the Virgin Is- lands there is a group called the Passage Islands, which will come into our posses- sion. The largest and most important of the group is Vieques or Crab Island, lying nine miles off Porto Rico, and which is ighteen miles long by four miles broad. The soil is not good, there being, indeed, but little dirt on the barren rocks.” A ridge of smali hills runs through the middie, ris- ing to a good height at the southwest end of the island. Isabel Segunda, on the north side, is the solitary village, and there 1i fishermen. The harbor is good, for there are numerous bays, and at one time Vie- ques was the resort of pirates, who preyed upon the rich commerce of the West In- dies, . Fishermen and woodcutters to the num- ber of about 500 make their home on Cu- lebra, the second largest island in the Passage group. Culebra lies about sixteen miles to the eastward of Cape San Juan. Because of its irregular outline and broken, steep shore, the island is also sometimes known as Serpent Isiand. Like Viequ its coast is indented@ with many bays, which afford excellent harbors. There are mény small hills that are covered with scrub timber, but the soil is so sterile com- pared with the fertility of Porto Rico that_no attempt is made to cultivate it on an exiensive scale, and the 1,50) inhabitanis support themselves by fishing and gather- ing wood. The principal village on Vieques is Port Mula, where live -1,000 inhabitants, under the direction of a governor appointed by the governor general of Porto Rico. A lighthouse stands at this port. Smaller Islands Net Important, The other islands in this group-are of even less importance. They are small keys like those off the Florida coast, and few are inhabited. Northeast Key is small, oval-shaped, 340 feet high, and its two Square miles of area are thickly wooded. Byrd Key, near Northeast Key, is four square miles in area and remarkably rocky. Near by are other small islets that are also Wooded, but the dwelling place of fisher- men, On Culebrita Island, or Little Culebra, which lies about a mile from Culebra, ts a ligathouse whose light, at an elevation of more than 300 feet, can be seen for fifteen miles. Two other islands worthy of mention are at the western extremity of Porto Rico. These are Mona and Monita islands. Mona is near the Mayaguez inlet, and gives its name to the broad channels flowing be- tween Porto Rico and San Domingo. Mona, that is “Monkey,” Passage terminates on the west in a bold headland topped by a huge, overhanging rock known to seamen by the suggestive name of “Caigo O No Caigo?” (Shall I fall or not?) Near Mona is the islet known as Monita, or Little Monkey. ++ Suit for Water in Kentucky. From the Loutsville Times, An amusing suit was lately decided in a mountain court. The suit was brought by a farmer against @ railroad for ruining his spring, and was hotly contested. The iaw- yer for the broken-hearted plaintit! whose spring had been “busted” up made a mov- gaEFé HE ft : uf i