Evening Star Newspaper, July 12, 1898, Page 7

THE EVENING STAR, TUESDAY, JULY 12, 1898—i4 PAGES. Wash. B. Furniture, &c., 7th and D Sts. illiams, ay qp S2 Porch qd Rockers, 2° © get right down to tho “milk the ecoanut’—we have just Rockers Porch have cut the price are the large ers—the room- fortable chairs = armus—and will last er. They are in green, red or var- 1 on wood, and they are cheap at our pick tomorrow, $1.25. We have lots of other bargains to offer before we take stock—bat sce that you reap the ntage cf this one by coming early ow. Wash.B. Williams, 7th & D. permanent and accurate alignment and durability are a few features of the WELLINGTON TYPEWRITER No. 2 Equal to any $100 machine on the market. Sent to any responsible party on receipt of price, GG}, Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded QOUe atter 10 days’ trial. ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE SENT FREE ON APPLICATION THE WILLIAMS MFG. BOX 3. WASHINGTON OFFICE, no30-tu, thées-15-2 co. Pennsylvania Railroad Personally Conducted Tours. Watkins Glen, Niagara Falls, Thousand Islands, uebec, St.Lawrence River, Au Sable Chasm, Lake George, Saratega,etc. July 26 to August 8, 1898. August 16 to 29. Rate Covering Ali Neces= sary Expenses, $100. FOR ITINERARIES AND FULL INFORMATION APPLY TO ce PASSENGER AGT., SOUTHEA! Washin GEORG ASSISTANT GENERAL PASSE: aR AGENT, Philadelphia, J. B. HUTCHINSON, J. R. WOOL € ral Manager. General Passenger Agent. 12,16&19-56 HOME DYEING A Pleasure at Last. SOAP as & DYES No Muss. No Trouble. MAY POLE SOAP WASHES AND DYES} reserteeseetentonsreseatoeseesentons At One Operation . . ANY COLOR. The Cleanest, Fastest Dye for Soiled or Faded Shirt Waists, Blouses, Ribbons, Curtains, Underlinens, etc., whether Silk, Satin, Cotton or Wool. ’ reotoat Sold in All Colors by Grocers and Druggists, or mailed free for 15 cents. Address, THE MAYPOLE SOAP DEPOT, 127 Duine St: N felT-th,s,tu-6m petieyy aeons Use and Facial Soap Facial Cream Age, Tlness, Care cause Wrinkles. Dermatologist JOHN H. WOODBURY. 127 West 42d st.. N. has had over 26 years’ practical experience meving Wrinkles, Crew's Feet, &c., without pain. ete : : : 3 z 3 : : $ : ; eltetont This eut represents the Betz Turkish Bath Cabinet, an appli- ance designed for the home treat- ment and cure of obesity, liver, kidney and nervous troubles,skin diseases rheumatism, gout, . We have ali Kinds and styles of Bath Cab- The Robinson Thermal, made of rubber, square in shape, ard the hard-wood oll Anish, sleo square and folding — the only bath on the market with mineral vitalizer to medicate the vapors. Its good effects are felt in the first treatment. ‘These baths can be folded and put in your truns. its Clreulars free. THE ANDERSON VAPOR BATH CO. dy12&i6 20 STH ST. NW. CLOSE OF THE CONVENTION. Endeavorers’ Parting Songs Brought ‘Tears to Many Eyes. The closing session of the seventeenth international Christian Endeavor conven- tion was held at Nashville, Tenn., last night, and already many delegates are homeward bound, while others will leave today for Chickamauga. While the attendance upon this conven- tion has not been as large as was expected among those who sttended were many of the most prominent members of the so- ciety, and the addresses made and ser- mons delivered have been of the highest order and in perfec: keeping with the pro- gram, which leading members claim to have been the best ever presented to a convention. The closing scenes last night were tm- pressive and touching, and the parting songs brought tears to the eyes of many, even of those who were not members of the society. INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL LIFE Topic Discusssd Before the Department of Physical Education. Influences Producing Curvature of the Spine—Superintendent John- son’s Plea for Play. The closing session of the department of physical education was made notable by the presentation of two unusually interest- ing papers, the first treating of the influ- ence of school lite on curvature of the spine, by Dr. R. Talt McKenzie of McGill University, Montreal, Canada, and the sec- ond on play in physical education, by Su- perintendent of Public Schools G. W. John- son of Andover, Mass. Dr. McKenzie said that in a series of 100 examinations of school boys, aged from thirteen to eighteen, and with an average age of fifteen, the writer was struck with the fact that twenty boys had a marked lowering of the right shoulder, three had the left low, while scoliosis was found in two, marked lordosis in five and round shoulders in three; and in thirty the stand- ing position approached more or less close- ly to what Bernard Roth has aptly named the gorilla type of figure, abdomen pro- truded and head shoved forward. In an examination of college students of the athletic class out of 204 men who pre- sented themselves, 14 per cent showed un- even development of shoulders, scoliosis per lordosis. This frequency had been noted aiso by other observers, Seaver of Yale finding 6 per cent of students showihg cur- vature. In infancy the first change in spinal column is caused by the assumption of the erect position, faulty growth is prevented by constant movement and exercise of muscies in play. Fatigue in upright posi- tion prevented by the spinal muscles work- ing in relays, and hence postponing fatigue. Fixity in any position causes rapid fatigue of muscles, as, for example, holding arm out at right angles. Fixity of position soon tires out muscies, throws strain on liga- ments, and then uneven pressure on verte- brae, which ossify them and cause perma- nent deformity. Medical Officers on School Boards, On analysis of the writing position a con- dition of progressive fatigue is noted, and when this is long continued we have the back typical of scoliosis, which has been called the writing posture, become fixed. This is accentuated by misfit desks. The problem being to have a seat that al- lows the feet to rest on the floor, a proper support for the back, a desk with a slope of ubout 1 to 6, and at a distance from the seat, the height being at the level of the elbows when at the side. Vertical writing is a great improvement, but not a panacea for bad posture; it also requires supervision and frequent rests. Lighting of schools should be such that the light comes over the left shoulder, not straight behind or in front. If these points were attended to “fatigue scoliosis.” which is the usual form, would be greatly lessened. On every school board there should be a medical officer to be consulted on these points of school hygiene, and who would also examine carefully all cases of dull or weak children. In cases of incipient sco- liosis or other deformity, teachers should be informed, and surroundings of pupil ex- amined for misfit desks or bad light, and, if necessary, parents informed. Treatment should not be undertaken in school. Pre- vention Is the only way, and the gymnastic instructor has not time nor sometimes knowledge to treat these deformities. His work should be general exercise only, and deformities should be left for the specialist. The Part of Play. Superinteadent Johnson in the course of his address said that in animal life play oc- curs as low as the insects. Lubbock, Huber and Forel describ the play of ants. When the life of an animal {s spent in the search of food there is no play, but with well-fed leisure play cecurs. This doubtless influ- enced the theory that play arises from sur- plus en2rgy; the over-filled cells must dis- charge, if not in serious purposes, then in mock purpo: or play. his theory of | play is regarded by Groos es inadequate, inasmuch as play Is often carried to state of fatigue or cven exhaustion. Play is than physiological; it is biological, roct in instinct. 's objct in play fs preparation for Animals, says Groos, do not ; rather, they to play. of all the arts required in hunting the lion ¥ ould be powerless to catch iis prey. thout previous exercise in play Hygienic Value of Play. Preparation for the pursuits of maturity is evident in the games of young savages; the games of the Teton-Dakota children, described by Dors=y, call out the very char- acteristics of mind and body desirable in the young warrior. The preparation in the child-play of civilized nations is less direct, but nevertheless perfectly apparent. Granting the biological origin of play, it is not surprising that ths hygienic value of it should be greater than that of any other form of exercise. Dr. I. C. Rosse claims that certain forms of nervous disorders— for example, chcrea and hysteria—may not only be prevented, but cured by play. Play Necessary for City Children, In physical =ducation play is not opposed to gymnastics. We do not need less gym- nastics, but more play. Besides the great value of play as a factor in physical devel- opment, play has an important social bear- ing. As a factor in will-training it has no equal. Our modern urbanizing tendency renders play }+ss universal than formerly; in the ease of the children of the city poor this is a matter of utmost seriousness and danger. Play for city children is a matter of national importance, Some Good Games Suggested. The games chosen should be based on in- stinctive tandencies. Some may be pointed out: : I. Based on hunting instinct—1. Games of chase; for example, games of tag. 2. Games of hunting; for example, hide and seek. 8. Games of hurling or throwing; for example, quoits. IL. Based on fighting instinct—1. Games of contest; for exampl3, foot ball. Ill. Based on instinct of emulation—1. Games of emulation; for example, racing. A Duty for Teachers. There are other instincts in which play activities have their root, but which do not appear in the pleying of games. On imita- tion is based an endlsss variety of pla: tor example, keeping house, playing school on constructiveness, the making of toys; on the caring or tending instinct, pets, dolls; on acquisitiveness, collections. These all may serve as a valuabls physical training. The teacher of physical training should join hands with the manual training teach- er and the nature teacher In drafting thesé play activities into serving the physical de- | velopment of tha child. Games rather than play have been utilized in physical train- ing, but play 1s of equal importance. Great men of all ages have shown gratitude and indebtedness to the great out-door play- School of childhood and youth, An interesting discussion follow24, led by | Dr. G. W. Fitz of Harvard University. ‘The election of officers of the department for the ensuing year resulted as follows. President, Dr. G. W. Fitz, Harvard; first vice president, Dr. W. O. Krohn of Illinois; second vice president, Miss Elien LeGarde,. Providence, R. 1.; secretary, Miss Rebecca Stoneroad, Washington, D. 3 The paper was discussed in a most inter-" esting manner by Miss Rebecca Stoneroad of this city, Dr. G. W. Fitz of Harvard and | by Mr. Ballard of New York. ‘The officers chosen for the ensuing year were: President, Dr. G. W. Fitz, Harvard; husetts; first vice president, Dr. W. 0. Krohn of Ilinois; second vice president, Miss Ellen a 5 Garde, of Providence. R. 1} secretary, becca n ett aah Stoneroad of ~ fe Philadelphia Planing Mill Burned. PHILADELPHIA, Pa., July 12.—The bar factory and planing mill of George W. Kvgler at Delaware avenue and Laurel street was destroyed by fire early this aie Half a dozen families were ren- red homeless. The entire loss is esti- tated to be about $45,000, covered by in- = RECEPTION AND LAWN PARTY. Teachers of N. E. A. Served With Music. and Refreshments. The local committees on child study, Miss Edith C. Westcott, chairman, and on primary education, Miss E. A. Denney, chairman, gave a joint reception at Bel- mont, the home of Mrs. A. L. Barber, from 5 to 8 p.m. yesterday. The receiving party stood on the lawn and comprised Mrs. E. A. Denney, Miss B. V. Brown, Miss E. C. Westcott, Mrs. M. Tullock, Supt. W. B. Powell, Mr. A. T. Stuart, Mr. B. T. Janney and Mr. N. P. Gage. Fully two thousand people passed the line and, scattering over the beautiful grounds, made a brilliant scene. ‘The lawn was ornamented with Chinese lanterns, and the National Guard Brigade Band furnished delightful music. Refresh- ment tgbles were scattered throughout the grounds. From these tables a very efficient committee dispensed ices and cakes in abundance to the large assemblage. About 8 p.m. Mr. W. J. McGee, director of the Geological Survey, mounted the stand and pointed out the interesting sights of the city visible from the grounds. When he had concluded he introduced Commis- sioner John W. Ross, who delivered a short but felicitous address. Commissioner Ross was followed by Mrs. John A. Logan, who was earnest and eloquent in her remarks. The guests were unstinted in their ex- pression of gratitude to Mrs. Barber for permitting the use of her grounds, and of Miss E. A. Denney, whose efforts made the reception such a complete success. Se es WISCONSIN'S PRIDE, Felicitates Herself Upon Her Pro- gress in Education. Wisconsin fs quite proud of her educa- tional strides. She has a great chain of normal schools, numbering seven, extend- ing over the state, and has a fine universi- ty, colleges, agricultural schools and a sys- tem of public schools which ts unequaled. It has a state association of teachers which meets in the winter holidays, and four sec- tional associations. There is a system of teachers’ institutes under state manage- management and control, and the state ap- points and pays the conductors. It is the pioneer state in this now popular feature. One of the unique features of the agricul- tural college is a series of “farmers’ insti- tutes,” held throughout the state, which are.attended by the farmers, who receive scientific instruction on agricultural sub- jects. They have a state system of public day schools for the deaf, numbering twelve, where these unfortunates are taught oral- ly, under the German method. They are eminently successful. Among the 250 delegates are: Arthur Burch, assistant superintendent Milwaukee schools; Miss Annie Schaffer, superintend- ent, Chippewa county; Miss L. R. Peck- ham, state normal, at River Falls; Prof. and Mrs. Krueger, Milwaukee; Miss Nettie Mae Kent, Jagusville, Wisconsin; Miss Ma Schriber, State Normal, Milwaukee; R. C. Spencer, Milwaukee, Spencer College; Mrs. C. A. Merry, State Normal School, West Superior; Mrs. I. C. McNeill, West Su- perior; Miss Oppillie E. Luebke, Milwau- kee; Prof. 8. G. Gillan, editor Western Teacher, Milwaukee; Eugenia Murdock, teacher in Oshkosh; Miss Grace Bushnell, teacher, Milwaukee; Mary Lauflin, teacher, SORTS Alice A. King, teacher, Colum- us. > KEYSTONE OF THE ARCH, Time-Honored Names Enrolled Pennsylvania's List. ‘The keystone state comes up strong with 300 names on her teachers’ registration books, with but few who are not trainers of the young idea. Many of the fine col- lsges and universities of Pennsylvania are represented in the delegation, while the at- tendance of the public school teachers and principals is very large. The delegation is the larg>st Penrsylvania has ever had in the N. E. A. Among the more prominent are: Dr. Edward Brooks, superintendent, Phil- adelphia; George Howell, superintendent, Scranton; George J. Lucky, superintend- ent, Pittsburg; Superintendent R. K. Buehr- ley, Lancaster; President Henry T. Spang- ler, business college; Dr. Charles De Gar- mo, Swarthmore; Dr. J. Oram Lyle, presi- dent-elect, Millersville; Miss E. G. Tate, normal school; Miss Mary Maxwell, princi- pal Ringold School; Miss Margaret Hurst, Pecllock School; Miss Dora Keen, school di- rectcr, Philadelphia; Miss Mary C. Pea- ecek, instructor in physics and chemistry in the Philadelphia normal school; Miss Mary J. Lamberton, superintendent and principal in George W. Childs Institute, Philad2Iphia; Mrs. Anna P. MeVeagh, Latin tructor, Suto High School; Miss Ella Braden, Alcern School, Philadelphia; Mrs. Agnes Martin, superintendent and princi- pal, Philadelphia; Dr. Francis Burke Brondt, principal of pedagogy in Philadel- phia schools; Prof. Frank G. Edmunds, Philadelphia; Miss May Hoggenbotham, English chair of Drexel Institute; J. Mon- roe Willard, principal of N. E. Normal Training School, Philadelphia; George A. Stout, principal N2>wton School, Philadel- phia; Watson Carnell, superintendent and principal Logan Schools; Andrew J. Morri- son, assistant superintendent, Philadelphi Will A. Mason, director of drawing, Phil delphia; E. W. Pearson, director of music, Philadelphia; Prof. Sidney T. Skidmore, state director and superintend2nt of science department, Philadelphia Normal School; Superintendent EB. Mackey, Reading; Super- intendent H. W. Fisher, Pittsburg; Miss Emma L. G. Thomas, instructor in English, girls’ department. —_.—_—_ THE CLOSING HOURS. in Various N. E. A. Headquarters Have Lonesome Aspect. The various headquarters began to look lonesome—that {s, those that are left. At the Arlington, Iowa, Utah and New Jersey are the only states whose banners hang on the outer walls. At the Riggs, Oklahoma and Alabama remain. Missouri still holds forth at the Normandie. All the trains out hold large excursion par- ties, and the down-the-river boats are filled to overflowing with those who want a dip in the ocean before returning to their homes. On every hand is heard expressions of pleasure over the treatment received in Washington. All the departments except the treasury, and the galleries of the House and Senate were thrown open to the N. E. A. badge-wearers, and about twenty receptions a day have made the socially inclined extremely happy. Those senators and representatives remaining in the city have taken particular pains to extend social courtesies to the visiting dele- gations, and all the various departments have had receptions in their honor. The extremely pleasant weather has been a matter for congratulation, and, taking it altogether, many who have attended half a dozen or more of the N. E. A. conven- tions are of the opinion that Washington bears off the palm for entertainment. ‘The people of Washington, the police, street car conductors and motormen come in for the very highest praise. They have all been so uniformly kind and courteous, often going out of their way to give infor- mation, that the guests of the city have remarked upon it with feelings of pro- found gratitude. They say that these courtesies have often saved them increased expenditure of time and money. : ——— New. York’s Delegation. ‘New York, with all her fine schools, has t nearly as large a delegation as some of the western states, but they make up in quality, they say, what they lack in quantity. At the head of the delegation is Mr. C. R. Skinner, state superintendent of public instruction. The delegation have the art rooms at the Arlington. “Among other notable members of the delegation are Prof. Stevens, Pror. Jenkins. and. Prof. Elmer E. Jones, all of Cornell; Geneseo normal school; A. ‘8. Downing, supervisor teach- rs’ training class, Albany; A. M. Wright, th charge of compulsory education depart- ment, Albany; Florence B. Hodges, draw- ing teacher, Albany; W. H. Maxwell, su- perintendent’ New York eity schools; R. H. Halse; superintendent, Binghamton, tendent, Syra- Ye and A: B. Blodgett, superint cuse. i e Renomination of Catchings. The democratic primaries in Vicksburg, sane ps y resulted in the renomina- of Congressman Thomas Catchings ‘majority of 400 over Patrick Henry. a 2+ —____ It matters little what it is that t— wi a situation or a servant a * want? ad. in The-Star will the person who can fill-your need, - ELEMENTARY EDUCATION Interesting Views Expressed at the First T Froebel’s System Best for Guiding ‘Young Minds to the Proper Conception of Stuay, ‘There was a good attendance at the first session of the department of elementary education, held yesterday afternoon at th3 First Congregational Church. The many interested in the important subject had concluded their sightseeing and were at lib- erty to give thsmselves up entirely to the business in hand. The exercises were com- menced.with an address by Rey. W. N. Hailmann of this city, president of the de- partment, who said that in order to reach th real life of the child and its growing character the school must eliminate from organization and method certain traditions of mediaevalism and enter upon certain new paths pointed out by Froebel. ‘The traditional school draws its material chiefly from the past, ignores tha present and the future, is a stranger to the real and ectual in life. @f these drawbacks Froebel would rid the school. For author- ity he would substitute insight; for the wor- ship of the past, the control of the pr2sent; for the book, life with its experience and opportunities to do. Yet he would not dis- card authority, the past and the book. In- deed, he would impart to them even high2r value than they enjoy now, by using them, not as ends in themselves, but as means to higher ends. The Value of Froebel’s System. In his method it is the pupil who does th> work of quarrying knowledge and purpose. Every new insight gained by the pupil en- riches his life and enlarges it at once, and leads at once to growing efficiency. H2nce, he makes much use of manual activity, play, the pupil's interests and needs, but he leads manual activity to work, fancy to art, play to social co-ordination, interest to devotion. The applicability of Froebel’s 2ducational principles to practice was shown by him, both in the kindergarten and in higher work. The eminently practical character of his scheme in cornection with elementary work has be2n further proved in a number of schools, more especially in the United States. Indeed, this scheme seems to be so fully in consonance with distinctively American life that its spirit permeatas more or less helpfully every department of the American school. On this account and in order to lift an in- stinctive tendency tnto purposeful lead2r- ship, it was decided at Milwaukee that the essential phases of Froebel’s educational scheme in their relation to 2lementary work be discussed at this meeting. The re- sult is the program before you. The Value of Hand Work. Mrs. Mary F. Hall, supervisor of primary work in the Milwaukee public schools, read the first paper, her subject being “Value of the Hand in Acauisition of Knowledge and Expression of Thought.” Mrs. Hall said: The principle of self-acttv- ity, the most important result of education- al evolution, was first systematized by the kindergarten, then adopted by the manual training school. Hand work is to be considered as a mode of studying what is,already In the course, not an addition to it; therefore it should ex- tend through the grade course. Our tradittonal courses of verbal instruc- tion are criticised by the press, parents and practical people—as mechanics, farm- ers, manufacturers—for their unpractical- ness and the failure of our graduates in habits of work, motor energy and other of the most valued products of the new edu- cation. f Teachers are conseryative, but those who make courses and manage schools are re- sponsible for their results. Education by Doing. The demands of the reformers and prac- tical people are in harmony with modern psychology. It says that a child by what he does during the period of brain-growth becomes the architect of his own brain as well as his fortunes; that the child needs to use the large motor area belonging to the hand and arm if the man is to do rather than dream; that doing (experience) precedes knowing and expression. The laws of mental science would make education a series of experiences and im- pressions regulated under law; but the reg- ulations of the school board may disregard all this. This education by doing is demanded by present American conditions. The ward schools of cities show the extent to which we are working up heterogeneous elements into a national type. Great industrial and social changes have lowered the average of intelligence, thrift, moral earnestness and yaried industry of the homes. (These qual- {ties once supplementgd the defects of schools of the humanities.) The widening of slum areas, with their low: standards, benumbed powers and clumsy {isgers, make a peculiar demand for learning by doing. hat hand work as a mode of investiga- tion shall be made an organic part of the common school course is indicated alike by sound pedagogy and by social and indus- trial needs, i The Factor of Play. After the discussion of Mrs. Hall's paper, led by Superintendent George Griffith of Utica, Miss Allie M. Felker, critic teacher in the California ‘State Normal School at San Jose, considered play as a means for idealizing and extending the child’s ex- perience, Play, she said, was-a determining force in national development and progress. The double meaning of play 1s directed thought along the line of the child's ac- tivities, and action without special hind- rance, opportunity to work out ideas. Right conditions for play are normal chil- dren, model school homes and professional- ly trained teachers. The function of play is “to educate the individual for his life work in a net work of social relationships.” f To understand people a child must imitate them; to understand stories he must dra- matize them; to develop true ideals he must create. The errors to be avoided in training chil- dren are too much fnstruction, over ques- tioning, helping. children until they become helpless, giving a surfeit of work or play and not supplying conditions for growth. The teacher of the future will inspire the child to do for himself, fan the God-given powers within him until they glow with the spirit of usefulness, burn with the steady fire of talent, or burst into the living flame of genius. Should Be Fostered at Home. The play spirit should be fostered in the home. Experience ean-be gained and ideals established throught imitation and dictation exercise, leading to “invention; music, color play and drawing, leading to art; stories, the ethical basis.of history and lit- and out of door ‘all-round develop- éf, condition for the If play 18 the le- games, resilting in} ment of the child.’ gitimate business ciijidhood, then “to turn work to play , teacher's highest achievement. Schools where catlfiease Btven freedom and evel opportuni rol LY -Wwol Ty. opport Aare heb to carry out their birthplace of the arts and indi ll that goes to make Up ite, 2 ea bintean ‘The session closed with scholarly’ dis- cussion of Mise “Fetker's per. by Miss B. Vv. Brown, pring “ofthe Washington Normal School. Bogan Practical Illustrations. Miss Elizabeth V. Brown ofthe normal school of this city followed with an able discussion of Miss Felker’s “paper, giving practical. illustrations, .showing, how this desired result is accomplished in the pri- mary schools, immediately succeeding the kindergarten, while the children are at the same time gainirg ‘information through manual training, physical culture, nature study, reading, number, science and com- positicn, both oral and written,. Eye, ear, nese, hand, legs and feet have arm, ysically active in arousing excita- tion in differnt areasiot his brain with which they have :. tion along double tracts: of Bn dis in rrelation: of all :parts--of Wall, witch most fundamental the coi is at once.the end yaluable: LIBRARIES AND SCHOOLS Session of Department Having the Subject in Charge. Report of Committee Submitted—The General Subject Considered by Ss. S. Greene, The first session of the library depart- ment was held yesterday afternoon in Wesley Chapel, and was presided over by L. D. Harvey of Mitwaukee. Chairman Jno. C. Dana of Springfield, Mass., presented the report of the committee on relations of public libraries to public schools. It was recommend2d that the committee on this subject be continued, and that it be recom- mended to make a careful examination of the relations now existing between libraries and schools, and #xamine with care into such questions as: How to induce librarians to acquaint themselves with the needs of the school room, and how to induce teachers to make themselves more familiar with the possibil- ities of public libraries. How to 2ncourage normal schools to give more instruction in the use of books in libraries. How to induce high schools, colleges and universities to establish “schools of the book,” How to promote the introduction of school room libraries. How to induce more public libraries to open special departm2nts for children and teachers. How to increase the interest of parents in the reading of their children. This general subject was considered by S. S. Greene of the Worcester, Mass., free public library. Mr. Greene said: Both teachers and scholars could do bet- ter work if they had free access to books needed in preparation for school exercises; such access would make the remarks of teachers more instructive and entertaining, and the studies of pupils more interesting and profitable. Teachers have many chances of awaken- ing interests which may be satisfied by giving scholars books obtained from l- braries and of increasing thoroughness of reading by occasionally examining them regarding the contents of interesting li- brary books read by them. The taste of children for good readiag will be cultivated if in all grades of schvols they are allowed to rummage among vwell- selected collections of books obtained from libraries, and take home such as they like. Older members of families find great pleasure in reading the good books car- ried home from school by children. A Useful Habit. It is very useful for teachers and schol- ars to form the habit of going to libraries to get answers to questions, tu get material for compositions and debates and to make investigations large and smail. Such kinds of work in wh tea have availed themselves largely of the fa- cilities of libraries have been dene for twenty-five years. The Free Public Li- brary of Worcester, Mass., was a pioneer in building up systematically a close and constant connection berween libraries and schools. Such a connection now exists in a great number of places throughout large Porticns of the countr: Mr. Greene explained at some length the methods by which the work between li- braries and schools is done. It was interesting to notice that a large use of pictures is being made in doing this kind of work. Adolescent Period. Miss Susan F. Chase of the Buffalo Nor- mal School read a paper dealing with the choice of reading matter for the early adolescent years. The period of adoles- cence, which has great variation, might be roughly limited, she said, to extend from about twelve years of age to twenty-four. The early half of this period, from twelve to eighteen, is a peculiarly trying one to parents and teachers. The new found en- ergies of youth find expression in so many unexpected ways, the changes are so sud- den and so revolutionar; How to utilize and direct these adolescent energies is a problem demanding concerted attention. The proper choice of reading during these years, as a help to the solu- tion of this problem, is a most important subject for study. Conditions That Are Settled. A recent investigation into the facts of adolescent reading has emphasized the fol- lowing conditions: 1. The power of environment in influ- encing literary tastes. 2. The book barrenness of the majority of homes. 3. The almost equal barrenness of many of our schools. 4. The great appetite for reading between the years twelve to eighteen. 5. The enormous waste of reading energy within thcse years and the evils arising therefrom. 6. The amount of lazy enjoyment of read- ing and the need of stimulation to thought. 7. The startling amount of surreptitious reading an cthe motives for such reading. 8. The absolute necessity for intelligent and sympathetic guidance of adolescents in their selection of reading matter. 9. The demand for educative centers where instruction may be given to parents and teachers in the proper choice of read- ing for young people. Some Important Problems. The investigation already referred to na- turally leads to certain large questions: What is the normal adolescent appetite for reading? How shall it be fed? What are the disease symptoms? What their remedy? coe At present our knowledge is insufficient. Certain investigations must be pushe Some questions as these must be answered: What are young people actuaily reading? How far may individual tastes be employed to develop a love for pure and ennobling literature? How stimulate a desire for reading when there is no native desire? In what way lead young people on in the choice of better reading? How avoid the danger of over-stimulation and at the same time arouse enthusiasm? What amount of independence to allow in the choice of books? How shall we anticipate the temp- tations to secret reading? How shall we meet the demand for religious culture? At what age should the Bible be put into the hands of the reader? What should be our attitude toward love stories? Should im- mature boys and girls be allowed to read the recent realistic literature? Shall we prohibit any reading matter? What should be our attitude toward indiscriminate read- ing of the newspaper by boys and girls? These were but a few of the questions waiting to be answered. ‘The discussion was op2ned by President Harvey, who announced that he had se- cured the desired appropriation of $500 for next year from the council of the N. E. A. Mr. Spofford expressed his interest and spoke of the op2ning of the Library of Con- gress till 10 p.m. He spoke also of the Ibrary school in connection with Columbia University. Others in the discussion were F. A. Hutchins of Wisconsin, J. H. Van Sickle of Colorado, Sherman Williams of_ New York, O. F. Barbour of Illinois and Mr. McGinness of Pennsylvania. ——— APPOINTED SECOND LIEUTENANT. ~ otion of Chas. 0. Pierson After Service of Twenty Years. ‘The President has appointed Charlee O. Pierson a second lieutenant in the Volun- teer Signal Corps of the army. Licut. Pierson is a native of Warwick coun'y, New York. He entered the telegraph ser-" vice of the Erie Railroad Company in 1870. and after eight years’ expérience in both railroad and commercial telegraphing, ev- listed in the signal corps of the United States army, July 1, 1878. After passing through a course of Instruction at the sig- ‘Prom 7 PUBLIC WORK. Improvements to Streets and Sewers Ordered by Commissioners. The District Commissioners have directed that the following improvements be mad That Vermillion street and Carroll av; nue, from Piney Branch road to the Dis- trict line, be improved; estimated cost, $350; chargeable to the appropriation for repairs to county roads, 1899, That Queen's Chapel road, from Bunker Hill road to the District Ine, be improve: estimated cost, $300; chargeable to the ap- propriation for repairs to county roads, 1899. That 14th street, from Howard avenue to Brightwood, be graveled; estimated cost, $500; chargeable to appropriation for re- pairs to roads, 1899. That Military road, from colored school house to Rock Creek, be graveled and roll- ed; estimated cost, $00; chargeable to ap- propriation for repairs to roads, 18%), That Trumbull street, from Brightwood avenue to 6th street, be improved by lay- ing gutters and graveling; estimated cost, $150; chargeable to appropriation for re- pairs to roads, 1899. That receiving basins be built as follows: Northwest corner of Sth and lL streets northeast, northeast corner of 7th and L streets northeast, northwest corner of 3d and L streets northeast, northeast corner of 2d and: L streets northeast, northeast corner of Colfax and L streets northeast, northeast corner of Ist and L streets north- east, southeast corner Ist and L streets northeast, northwest corner of Ist and L streets northeast, northwest corner of Porter place and Florida avenue northeast northeast corner 4th and I streets south east, northwest corner of 4th and L streets southeast, northwest corner of 4th and M streets southeast, northwest corner of 4th and N streets southeast, northwest corner of 3d and M streets southwest; estimated cost, $980, chargeable to appropriation for main and pipe sewers, 1899. That the foliowing basins, in northeast section, be reconstructed and repaired- Adjust basin at northwest corner of 7th and L streets and basin on north side of L street between Gth and 7th streets east; relocatc basins, respectively, at north- east correr of 5th and L streets; at north- west corner of Sth and L streets; at south- east corner of North Capitol and L streets; at northeast corner of North Capitol and L streets; at northwest corner of Florida avenue and Eckington plac pan-ion basin at northeast corner of Florida ave- nue and Eckington place; estimated cost, $410, chargeable to appropriation for im- provements and repairs, northeast section That the following basins, in southeast section, be reconstructed and repaired: Relocate basins, respective! theast cor- corner ath corner of Sth and G streets; northe; northwest corner rer 3d and E streets; 4th and I streets; northwest and Virginia avenve; adjust bi east corner 4th and K street basin northwest corner 10th ar Carolina avenue, and relocate basin norih west corner 11th and South Carolina ave- nue; estimated cost, $680, chargeable io appropriations, improvement ard repair southeast section. That the following basins, in southwest section, be reconstructed and repaired: Re- locate basin southwest corner 3d and K adjust basin east d street be- timated cost, $85, chargeable to appropria- tion for improvement and repair, southwest section, 1899. That 185 feet of 4-inch water main be laid in the east and west alleys of square 539. The Commissioners that H. B. Davi perintendent of con- struction on Western High School, be trans- ferred to the office of the building inspector to prepare plans for the Nurses’ Home, hi ion to be $4 per day be appointed, have also directed Lee tempo: draftsman in engineer department, at $4 per day. ee Suggestions as to Brakes, To the Kditor of The Evening Star: In reading the account of the trolley car eccident in Anacostia yesterday, and the statement that the conductor was inside of the crowded car collecting fares, it seems to me to be an opportune time to call attention to a few facts which I have observed on our city lines. I ride to and from Capitol Hill almost daily on the ave- nue lize. On nearly every trip from the Navy Yard down, passengers get on at the top of Capitol Hill. As we all know, this is a very steep hill, terminating in a sharp curve. As the car starts down motorman cuts off the current ! descends by gravity only, the onl: upon it being the bra car which weighs tons or more. If any’ the brake the car nill at a rapidly increasing the sharp curve and be thr over and wrecked. The me rected to signal the condu the rear brake; but the cond collecting fares, and before he can get to the brake the crash has come. can save the car under the c ed but the immediate appl rear brake. If the conductor st rear brake until the hill was sa an accident of this kind wou ible, as he could not only the rear brake of the of the passer the trailer brake also. Car conductors are directed to coms t stop at the foot of the hill before irg, presumably in the interest of yet I have seen a rumber of them the curve, thus practically nullifying effect or intention of the order. I have also noticed that some of the motormen are very careless about putting in the pl connecting with the sand box. If the any good reason for having a sand box, and presumably there !s, {t should certain- ly be kept in condition for use. All the safety appliances in the world wili not prevent accidents if they are put in charge of stupid, careless or incompetent persons. July 11, 1898. COMMON SEN a CAPT. CARPENTER’S DEATH. D direct some or Sustained by Military anc Scientific Circles. According to advices received at the War Department, Capt. Willlam L. Carpent 9th Infantry, died at Madison barracks, Sackett’s Harbor, early Sunday morning. His remains: will be brought here for in- terment at Ariington; they are expected to arrive tomorrow morning. Capt. Carpenter has had an experience of thirty-four years in the regular army. After remaining two years at the Naval Academy, from which he resigned on ac- count of ill-health, he enlisted in the 2d Artillery on the 29th of July, 1864, and from that date to the close of the civil war served in the Army of the Potomac, and passed through the grades of corporal and sergeant in Companies D and L of the 2d Artillery. He was commissioned as sec- cnd lieutenant of the 9th United States Infantry on the Sth of April, 1867, and accepted on the 11th of June of the same year; promoted first lieutenant on the 31st of December, 1873, and attained his cap- taincy on the 2d of October, 1887. He had a very extensive and varied ex- periencé all over the western frontier, hav- ing served from the Pacific ocean to the Missouri river and from Montana to Ari- zona. He was one of the best duty officers to be found in the regular army, and saw much service under Gen. in his Sioux campaigns of 1876, and subsequently 4in_ Arizona. In addition to his military capacity, Capt. Carpenter was a scientist, having becn em- ployed as entomologist with the expedi- tions of: Hayden, Powell and Wheeler. His death will be regretted, not only by many ‘army officers; with whom he was personal- ly acquainted, but by a number of the scientists of the city, with whom he ccme im_ contact di his several tours cf duty in the city Whilé working up the results of A Loss four years that it ever too the field with- out Capt. Carpenter deing with it. g He cleaves a wife and one son. Mrs. Carpenter is a sister of Capt. Steever of the army and is well known in this city, where she has frequenily resided. Great sympathy has been expressed by army and other friends in her bereavement. is made of and whe LIEUT. JOE CARR HERE An Officer of the Rough Riders Tells of Theis Fights, From First to Last It Was Desperate dd Weak to Continue the Story, Lieut. Jos. A. Carr of the Rough Riders, who ts a resident of this city, arrived here this morning. He ts painfully and serious- ly wounded, but managed to keep on his feet, and with some assistance walked from his carriage Into the telegraph office and visited other places on business before going to his house. His wounds are of a character to cause intense suffering, one being in the hip and one through the body in the vicinity of the groin, but, though he is a frail and extremely delicate-looking man, he displays the utmost nerve. In speaking of his experience to a Star re- porter, the intense nervous strain under which he is sustaining himself was shown only in his rapid speech and the feverish light in his eye. He said nothing of his suffering nor of his own personal ac | but in a sharp, nervous voice spoke of t intense strain and test of endurance ex- acted of our men at the front during the t few days of our operations around iago. He was in the three hard fights h Roosevelt when they fought through the Spenish ambush near Servilla, the des- perate assault resul in the capture of San Juan hills, and confronting the Span- ish sortie when the attempt was made by the enemy to drive the Rough Riders from the anch position. It was in this last engagement that he was wounded. The Fighting W Desperate. “The fighting,” he said, “from the first engagement to the last I was in was des- perate. We were not supported by artil- lery, and it was & test of what American nerve end determination could do. At the engagement with the ambush most of my and I was left in ained of the troops. fell in the second ¢ n Jvan bill, After we had ff and take n Many all arou gagemcnt on driven the Spi sion of San Ju ered to occupy another eminer 500 yards forward. When we got there there were but ninety of us pying this position, The fire never ceased. g, but every nerve was t utmost, and our boys mad lay of ge and coolness which I help ng is somehow a part of the American blood. “Afcer holding the position there under an incessant fire we had later to defend our- selves against. an assault by t panish in an attempt on their part to recapture | the position. It s at there j were four thous aged in this sortie osevelt’s posi- tion and the The fire was terrific, and our men went right into the teeth of it, and after awhile the Spaniards med to be bewildered and taken entirely out of their calculations by the fact that our men advanced to the fire instead of re- tiring. Then the enemy gave way and we had repulsed them. It was here that I was struck. I was entirely disabled and taken back to the field hospital. There, while under the shadow of the Red Cross, 1 was shot again in the hip. The Spanish seemed to direct their most savage fire wherever they saw the Red Cross. There is a lot I could tell you about it, but somehow I feel @ little weak and can't quite collect my- self. Wait till I can get into bed and may- be as I He there I can tell the whole thing Shot Away His Knife. He seemed to be unconscious of the Itlie touch of pathos in this yielding of nature to the strain upon him, and of his own vo- lition renewed the interview to tell some- thing else of his experience, taking from his pocket the remnant of a little pearl- handled pocket knife, which had been shat- tered by a Spanish bullet. “This,” he said, “m: my wound more s I had the ik when the builet struck it a as you se¢ bullet body the which is One pearl away. end of th on one side i half of carried SENATOR KENNEY'S TRIAL Delaware Statesman Answers to a Criming\ Charge at Wilmington. Accused of Aiding and Abetting Pay ing Tellier Boggs, Who Stole From 2 Dever Bank. A trial probably unprecedented in the an- nals of this country, that of a member of the United States Senate on a criminal charge, began in the United States circuit court in Wilmington, Del terday after- roon before Judge Edward G. Bradford. The defendant is Richard Rollin Kenney of Dover, junior United States senator from Delaware, indicted upon the charge of aid- ing and abetting Wiiliam N. Boggs, who has confessed to robbing the First National Bank of Dover, of which institution he was paying teller, of the sum of $107,000. The counts im the indictment to which Senator Kenney has pleaded not guilty charge him with aiding and abetting Boggs to the ex- tent of about $3,500. Two men, Ezekiel T. Cooper of Milford and Thomas 8. Clark of Dover, have al- ready been convicted of similar charges, and are now serving terms of eighteen months and five years, respectively, in the New Jersey penitentiary at Tremton. Boggs was the principal witness for the prosecution in each case. His story was to the effect that the greater part of his stealings were expended in stock specula- tions and gambling, and that in the stock speculations the defendants were associ- ated with him by participating in his deals, and that they gave him their checks when they had no funds in the bank, Boggs tak- ing care of them from the bank's funds. The session began at 2:30 o'clock, when. Senator Kenney entered the court, accom- panied by his counsel, United States Sena- tor George Gray and Levi C. Bird of Wil- mington. The government was represented by District Attorney Lewis C. Vandegrift. ‘The defense renewed the formal plea of not guilty, which had been withdrawn pend- ing argument on the demurrers to the in- dictment, as a result of which fourteen counts in the indictment, charging consptr- acy with Boggs, had been ruled out, leav- irg eleven counts charging alding and abet- ‘The first witness was Herry A. Richard- son, president of the bank. He testified to the defalcation by Boggs and said that Boggs admitted -his crime. He admitted that he once heard that Boggs was addicted to playing poker, but that on being brought before the Girectors and charged with this dereliction Boggs confessed and promised to play no more, Edward Ross of Piiladelphia, an ex- Tv. pert accountant, who went over the bank's test! that the defalcation amount- ed to $107,000, He also said that he found that checks drawn by Mr. Kenney come *o the bank and been cashed when he not a sufficient balance to his credit to meet them. E. D. Page of Philadelphia, who wes