Evening Star Newspaper, December 26, 1896, Page 23

MAP OF SOUTH POLAR REGIONS. ANTARCTIC REGIONS: Three Expeditions Planned to Explore the South Polar Regions. AMERICAN, NORWEGIAN, BELGIAN Graham Land Will Probably Be the Point of Attack. OUR PRESENT KNOWLEDGE a5 ge Written f Evening Star. FTER AN INTER- val of fifty years the scientific word has again taken up the matter of antarctic exploration, and it seems likely that during the coming year much important information will be obtained regarding a gion of the earth's surface of which we as yet know hardly anything, and whose covers not less than 45,000,000 square once and a half that of the and equal to the area of the empire. It is with good rea- last international geograph- . held in London in the sum- the first general resolution of ons embodied the statement he greatest piece of geographical work that was left for the future, and ore that 4 be immediately taken up in the pres- the exploration of this terra or neognita. ent time three expeditions are anned or actually being placed in on for the important work of dis- ry in the south polar regions. At the of these will be the Norwegian, chgrevink, who, im association with his nander, Capt. Kristensen, in 1804-95, a whale-catching cruise, reached trail latituce 74 degrees south, and the first janding on which ls common- ignated the antarctic continent, if in such a continental mass exists. revink’s fitness for ths command s eminently established, and the lucid, and wholly unpretentious account of his late experiences has placed to his ecedit a confidence similar to that which has d in the still more illus- that ical congr at on ientists owe the first discovery forms as part of the product uthern lands. Up to the year 1895, nts of what appear to be true » picked off from the bleak and ng rocks of Cape Adarl, on Victoria 4 the off-lying Possession island, en assumed that not a trace, type vegetation of any kind belonged 3 inhospitable tract of the soutn—a of land or ice as destitute of a Lerres- fauna as it was assumed to 3e of a artially covering vegeiation. contrasting is the discovery . Larsen in 188 on Seymour a of antarctic land lying al- most due south of Patagonia, of an abund- ance of fos: zed plant remains—remains not Indicative of a low type of vegetable organization, but of the noble structure of ibe South American pine or arancaria When There Was Vegetation. However meager or absent may be vege- tation of the far south today, the evidence is conclust that at 2 former period of the ory, and one that is quite recent ured by geological standards— extending no farther back than 8, OF even considerably less—a tion of forest trees, and with . . a multitude of herbaceous plants of various kinds, gave life, color and freshness to the landscape of Antarctica, the landseape which today sees hardly ore than giant glaciers, walls of ice hun- dreds of miles in length and as many feet «ht, undulating mountain slopes ath perhaps thousands of feet of snow, and a few grandly smoking volcanic cones, like Erebus, send- ing skywards the products of the internal uction of the earth. second expedition Is plan under tion of Lieut. Gerlache, a young and receives, in addition to the port of the town, Antwerp, from ss expected to take its departure, al patronage of the Belgian gov. n the shape of a tmely jinanc: presumably, therefore, a poss its part will not be due to th those “sinews of war” w y necessary for this far- it 1s gratifying to learn that the of America are fully awake to the of the explorations eries t of Anta annual meeting of the Ameri- of Naturalis: a committee © (so far as it be possible) equipment of such an ex- It is thought that $50,000 will tely cover an important reconnais- . if not deep penetration, with the use me or more steam whalers from th foundland or Norwegian fleet. Region of Graham's Lan. Tt seems likely that the points of attack for all expeditions will be the region of Graham's Land, south of Patagonia, which lies nearer to the base of operations than the Victoria Land of Ross, and offers ad- ' ditional advantages to exploration which gre not found in the track lying south of ‘ Australia. It holds out, moreover, hopes of , important scientific results even with the # failure of the objective aim of any expedi- tion—t.e., high penetration southward. It was in this track that Larsen obtained his fossil plant remains, and also a number ot, marine fossils, identical with those found by Darwin sixgy years earlier in Pata- xonia, and which so strongly point to a former connection with the South American continent. Somewhat eastward of this region Wed- dell, in_1823, penetrated to latitude 74 de- grees 15 minutes south, and the same year pt. Benjamin Morrell, sailing from New rk, and pretty much in Weddell’s track, reached 70 degrees 14 minutes, reporting a moderately high temperature and a sea practically devoid of ice. How far beyond these points the assumed “impenetrable” barrier would be met, if met at all, only an effort at penetration can determine, as the inconsistency of the ice in this region is such as to throw its front edge @o posi- tions, depending upon the year, fully a thousand miles apart from each other. At all events a chance is here presented. Of the substance of our knowledge of Antarctica it must be said that raost of it ‘is bound up with the researches of Ross about Victoria Land, and with the less important ones that have been made in the region of Graham Land. Concerning the other land, island or ice masses that have been designated Clarie Land, Sabrina Land, Enderby Land, Alexander Land, etc. —in fact, of the whole Wilkes Land—our information is confessedly scant, and sure- ly not sufficient to build up the great ant- arctic continents which has been made a restoration by many geographers. The South Polar Climate. Of the meteorology of the region, and of tides, currents, ete., we know equally little, and manifestly still much less of the ge- clogy, zoology and botany. The commonly accepted notion of the extreme severity of the south polar climate is not founded on fact, any more than was the supposition of the shallowness of the arctic bas which, among his many other discoveri has now so completely dissipated. In fact, it is all but cqrtain that the win- ter rigors are far less pronounced in the region about the south pole than they are in the region of the far north, and that there is nothing there which approaches the —#4 degrees F., which is found at two or more tracts along the Lena river in Siberia, or even the almost annual —75 de- grees of Yakutsk. Again, the summer tem- perature, while there is seemingly much less of it, partakes in a measure of the “balm” of Greenland, the thermometer fre- quently marking as high as 40 and 45 de- grees F above in the shade. The great ice masses are the disturbants of travel in the far south, but up to the present time they have not been brought face to face with vessels carrying steam or those that are fitted for the exploration. S ee ART AND ARTISTS Mr. H. J. Ellicott returned a few Gays ago from Concord, N. H., where his model for the Franklin Pierce statue has been on exhibition. The other sculptors who en- tered the competition were Charles Nie- Favs, Carl Conradt, H. K. Kitson and Alex- arder Doyle, whose statue of the late Sen- ator Kenna will be placed in the Capitol here before very long. Mr. Ellicott’s madel was, however, a general favorite with all who viewed the exhibition, and it is quite proo- able that he will receive the award. His figure of Pierce is twenty-seven inches high and is well modeled in every respect. He has rendered the expression of the faze in an exceptionally fine mazner, and the re- markable likeness which he has created was the subject of especial comment in Cencord. The final award will be made on January 21, and the sculptor will have vntil that date to make any changes he thinks advantagcous. Mr. Ellicott has re- cently finished his model for the Francis Scott Key monument, which is to be erect- ed in Frederick, Md., the birthplace of th author of “The Star Spangled Banne He is represented at the time when a pris- oner on board the British vessel Surprise he saw in the early morning light the flag sull waving over the walis of Fort Mc- Henry. Upon the inspiration of that mo- ment the author composed the famous scng, and the sculptor has therefore chosen it as the point of most vital interest throughout his entire life. * * There is quite a fine example of the earlier English art in the George Morland “hich 1s now on exhibition at Fischer's. If the picture was painted in the artist's best period it is just about a century old, but the color has suffered comparatively little and ts still rich in tone. The picture shows several companions making merry around a table set In the open air close to the door of a country inn. Morland never attained any great elevation of subject, but showed a rare insignt in his paintings of rustic scenes, and was at his best in these glimpses of simple homely life. * ** At the exhibition of the Philadelphia Academy of Fine Arts, which opened this week, the lerge picture by the late Thomas Hovenden, The Founding of a State, nas been attracting considerable attention. The picture was never entirely finished, as death overtook the artist while it ‘was | still upon the easel in his studio in this city. Though lacking the finishing touches it is, as it stands, a great picture, possess- ing many of the qualities that made Bredk- ing Home Ties so universally loved and {admired The studies which Frank W. | Benson made for his decorations in the new Congressional Library are also on exhibition at the academy. * ** An exhibition of water colors by Mr. Walter Paris was on view during the early part of the week at 1424 New York ave- hue, where he formerly”had his studio. The collection was quite large, and while composed largely of Bar Harbor sketches it embraced also glimpses of the Catskills, the Adirondacks and many other pictur- esque regions. Mr. Paris often gives a good atmospheric effect to his skies, but in general his landscapes are executed in a rather hard, dry manner, and the fose- grounds are worked out with a pre- Raphaelite care for detall. He is more for- tunate in his architectural subjects, and his series —— of the old houses around Washington are very interesting. The Van Ness mansion, the Tudor place and many others, showing from different points of view, are drawn with great ac- curacy and precision. Mr. Paris will re- turn shortly to New York, where he now has his studio. * s* : a4 Mr. U. 8. J. Dunbar is now devoting at- THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 26, 1896-24 PAGES. tention to a bust of Mr.-C, @ Conn. This, though in an unfinished state, promises to be not only an excellent likeness, but @ very effective plece of modeling. * ** On Wednesday, Thursday and Friday of last week Max Weyl and Richard N. Brooke held an informal exhibition of their work at their studios in the Barbizon building. In Mr. Weyl's studio there were @ number of pictures painted from sketches made at Paxson, Va., during the summer, but they formed only’a small part of the work on view, and some of the very best things were obtained In the immediate vi- cinity of Washington. In fact, one of the most notable canvasses is based on a seene on the Potomac fiets. It shows a broad sweep of marsh, broken | here and there by patches of open water, and the distant city is suggested by the dome of the Capitol just rising above the horizon. The foreground is handled in a loose, free manner, and instead of the powerful tmpasto, which usually character- izes the artist's work, the paint is laid on throughout almost the entire picture. in thin semf-transparent masses. The result has been a wonderful delicacy and purity of color and a fine atmospheric quatity. Among Mr. Weyl's pictures his fondness for the brilliant hues of autumn was everywhere evident, but Mr. Brooke, though equally fond of depicting autumn subjects, finds more pleasure in the later effects. In his studio the grays and russet browhs of late October and November were, there- fore, to be seen. Mr. Brooke made many excellent sketches at Warrenton during the summer months, and, in addition to these outdoor studies, the visitors to his studio last week had a good opportunity to view his more important figure compositions. Ae * * Mr. L. S. Brumidi has practically fin- ished a little street scene, in which the Lafayette monument is the principal ob- ject. It ts executed in pastel, and is ex- tremely bright and sunny. He ts also at work on a three-quarter length ofl portrait of Mrs. Coleman. She is dressed in a lilac gown, and Mr. Brumidi has based his color scheme on this, repeating the same color in fainter echoes throughout the entire canvas. * s* Miss Mary Berri Chapman ts busy with work in illustration, and expects to illus- trate a series of scientific articles later on. When in Bristol, R. I., last summer she gave herself a complete rest, and, save for a few landscapes and flower subjects, she did no art work whatever. During this time her pen was not idle, however, and she wrote a story, entitled “A Fashionable Hero,”” which has been accepted by Harper's Magazine. Miss Chapman plans to send several water colors to the New York water color exhibition in February. She has not ‘@s yet made any arrangements for a studio down town, but plans to do so in January. ES * * This evening the students of the Art League and their friends will gather at the league building for a social time. The students who have planned the affair have endeavored to make it enjoyable for all, and those who do not care for dancing will have as jolly a time as the others. Good fellowship wiil reign, and several former students of the League who are here for the Christmas holidays will help to make things merry. The invitations which have been issued are in themselves works of art. They are written in verse upon Michelet charcoal paper, and are decorated with sprigs of mistletoe and holly, painted in water color. * * * The bronze statues which are now being placed around the gallery of the rotunda in the new Congressional Library are an important feature in the reading room. Seven of the sixteen bronze figures are al- ready here, and are being placed upon plinths along the balustrade of the gallery. The figures are portraits of representative men in different branches of thought and industry. The figures of Plato and Bacon, by John J. Boyle, stand one on either side of the large figure of Philosophy, which is placed at the head of one of the piers. The bronze figure of Kent, by George Bissell, and the statue of Solon, by F. Wellington Ruckstuhl, are placed beside the large figure personifying Law. Mr. Ruckstuhl says of his statue that it is intended to typify the supremacy of Law over Force. He has represented Solon as standing be- fore the people, holding in one hand a scroll containing the laws and grasping in the other a reversed sword, with an olive branch twined about it, which signifies the subjected power ready to sGpport the law. Shakespeare, by Frederick MacMonnies, is one of the figures representing Poetry. Charles Niehaus’ two statues, one of Gib- bon, which is to be placed on one side of the figure typifying History, and the other a figure of Moses, to be placed beside the figure personifying Religion, complete the list of the bronze statues which have so far arrived. = * x * One of the two decorations in mosaic which Frederick Dielman has made for the special reading room for the House of Rep- resentatives has reached the library, but will not be put in place until the other one arrives. * * * Mr. Lucien Powell has been elaborating a number of the sketches which he made up In Paxson, Va One which 1s at present on his easel is a gray day scene handled with a great deal of breadth. He has been at work on some Venetian scenes, a class of subjects which has always had a great fascination for him, and in which he does perhaps his best work. * * * The portrait of Mrs. Julie Closson Kenly which Mrs. 8. M. Fassett has been making is one of the best portraits that the artist has done for some time. It is in water color upon rough paper, and the black dress and hat are handled with consider- able freedom. The face is, however, paint- ed in the same carefully worked manner which Mrs. Fassett employs in her minia- tures. This method gives great strength and brilliancy to a water color, gives it in fact almost the strength of an oil Mrs. Fassett has recently finished the portraits of Mr. J. D. Sullivan's father and mother. aie eee Sir Walter Scott om Golf. From the Newcastle (England) Chronicle. The following letter was written by the great novelist on June 9, 1824, toa Mr. John Cundel! of Hope street, Leith, the author of the “Historical Sketch of the Game of Golf.” It was to this effect: ‘Sir: I should esteem myself happy if I could add anything to the elaborate account of the game of golf which you were so good to transmit to me, as I am still an admirer of that manly exercise, which in former days I occasionally practiced. I should doubt much the assertion that the word ‘golf’ is derived from the verb ‘to gowff,’ or ‘strike hard.’ On the contrary, I conceive the verb itself is derived from the game, and that ‘to gowff’ is to strike sharp and strong, as in that amusement. If 1 were to hazard a conjecture, I should think the name golf is derived from the same Teu- tonic expression from which the Germans have ‘colb,’ a club, and the Low Dutch ‘kolff,’ which comes very near the sound of “golf.” The exchange of the abial letter b for If is a very common transformation. If I am right, the game of golf will just sig- nify the game of the club. I am, with the best wishes for the sport of the ‘Gowff Chub’ in'the field and their conviviality in the club room, very much your and their obedient servant, WALTER SCOTT.” Ammonia im the Air. Dr. Heber Plank says: Chemists for a long time considered it impossible to separ- ate nitrogen from oxygen as it exists in the air, and then to unite it with hydrogen to form ammonia, but claimed that our sources of ammonia must come from the wastes and decomposition of organic mat- ter. More recently, however, by experi- ment ammonia has produced directly from atmospheric air by means of elec- tricity. ‘This would seem to prove the fact that every flash of lightning is manufactur- ing tons upon tons of ammonia, and every peal of thunder if but recording the same that falls to the ground during every elec- tric rain heat eh raindrops Baber laden, convey! portion the good things already for the plants’ banqueting table. this also ex- plains the reason why vegetation fs so much more luxuriant after a gentle and refresh- ing thunder storm on our Spee nome and Jawns than is. by from hydrants or brooks. McINFIRE AVENUE LOOKING WEST. IN ACTIVE SERVICE Experience of the Colorado Soldier Boys Near Leadville. Doing Guard Duty at the Scene of the Strike of the Miners—The Camp Routine. Written for The Evening Star. There is one portion of our country where the opening of the New Year is suggestive of anything but the peace and good will ratural to the holiday season. Just outside the city of Leadville in the mountains of Colorado are encamped some 00 sol- diers, and the whole community round- about is under martial law. Almost every day the citizens are ordered indoors, while detachments of infantry and cavalry are escorting non-union miners from the de- pot to their work. The fight is between the state andthe big army of the Miners’ Union at this great camp. A good pert of the soldiers are mere boys out of the stores and business offices of Denver and other cities. The military camp occupies the ball ground near Leadville. The seats were removed from the grand stand, which was bearded up and now serves as 2 mess hall, Adjoining it are two temporary structures in which the cooking is done. Just in front of the mess hall are the quarters of Col. H. B. McCoy of the 2d Infantry, who is in command of the camp, and cf Cok. A. W. Hogle, brigade commander. Alongside the quarters are four tents which serve as the camp hospital. The soldier boys have laid out a little city here in this inclosure which is all their own. It has streets, alleys and avenues, along which the tents are erected, all properly named—most of them bearing the names of officers in command. “Keep cool and let your hair grow” fs wise counsel for the soldier; but here in Camp McIntire the boys have had a struggle to keep warm, and they don’t have to let their hair grow, be- cause their little city has a cozy ‘tent where two men are constantly kepz busy trimming whiskers and hair. Their custom- ers sit in huge chairs, the timbers of which were probably raised at a bee, have been comfortably upholstered with bedding. There is a cigar and tobacco store in another of the tents, and those who have the gum and candy habtis"tan also be accommodated there. ae The ist Regiment is ercdinped on the north side of the inclosure.in the double row of tents, there being twenty tents in each row on either side of Séwall avenue. There are about 350 men occupying these forty tents. : Center of the Camp. Adjoining the Ist Regiment, and on the north end of the inclosure are the quarter- master and commissary departments,which Occupy twelve tents. Next door, as it were, to these departments, are two large tents which accommodatd thé field and staff. Directly opposite the 1st Regiment, and separated from it bya wide space, known as McIntire avenue, are the men’s quarters of the 2d Regiment, consisting of two double rows of tents, itwenty in each row, as before. This central part of the in- closure is the most populous district of the little military city, there being six hun- dred and fifty men in both regiments of in- fantry. Adjoining the 2d Regiment on the north end of the inclosure are four tents, used as guard houses, and on the two cor- ners of the north end are the cavalry and battery stables. Two permanent outside camps have been established near by, one at the Little Johnny, called Fort Heinig, and which | quart at the Maid of Erin. These supplement the force of the main camp. Every morning this little city is up and stirring at 6:30, when the reveille is sounded. Every able-bodied man in the command has to hustle into his clothes for assembly and roll call fifteen minutes later. The first mess call is at 7, and the w! command sits down to breakfast at 5 The sick call is at 8 o'clock, when those who are indisposed report at the dispensa- ries for treatment. The first sergeant's call sounds at 8:15, when reports are made to the adjutant regarding the working con- dition of each company. Guard mounting follows at 8:30, and the fatigue call at 9, when prisoners are brought on police duty and compelled to clean the streets and do the other dirty work of the camp. In good weather the drill call is sounded at 10, and the recall one hour later. All hands sit down to mess at half-past 12. After din- ner there is nothing to do untfl 3:30 in the regular routine of the camp, at which hour all hands prepare for dress parade. The call of retreat sounds at 5:30, and all sit down to the last mess of the day at 6 o'clock. Tattoo is beaten at 8:30, and first taps are at 9. The call to quarters is heard at 10, and half an hour later last taps,when all off duty are expected to be in bed. Detait of Guards. Every afternoon the adjutant makes out the detait for guard work at the mines. At night the powder magazines are guard- ed by cne commissioned officer and twenty- five men. They are also watched during the day by about half the night force. Every night, also, two commissioned cfftcers and fifty men are on duty at the Penrose, Bohn and Bonair mines. One commissioned offi- cer and twenty men are sent to the Bison. At the Tornado, where the first fight oc- curred, one non-commissioned officer and twelve men are on duty until daylight. The Delante No. 1 and the Delante No. 2 are each guarded by one non-commissioned officer and six men. The provost guard, which polices the town every night, con- sists of one commissioned officer and six- teen men. About half that force does this work during the day. The camp is guarded at night by thirty-six men, three corporals, two sergeants and two commissioned offi- cers. This force is divided into three re- liefs. it is not all hard work, however, at this little white city in the mountains. The tents are warmed by Sibley stoves, a sort of sheet-iron cornucopia, the flue of which points at heaven through the peak of the tent. About ten of the infantry boys are ered in each tent, and they are very snug and comfortable these cold days, When off duty they are in for a good time. and grim-visaged war smooths his wrinkled front at the contemplation of many a good hand at cards. he ladies of Leadville and Denver have sent barrels of apples and many a box of cake and sweetmeats to make the boys happy. The governor of Colorado sent a thousand pounds of turkey for Thanksgiving, and the soldiers sat down to a merry feast that day. There is an abundance of books in camp, and many a boy Hes off comfortably on a rough day to follow the fortunes of some hero of ro- mance. * A great snow ball battle was fought on November 10 between the first and second regiments. Skirmish lines were thrown out, with twenty men in each line, while the ves packed the snow balls. Col. Mc- Coy of the second, Lieut. Col. Smith of the first and Major Corwin, brigadier surgeon, acted as umpires from a station on the high fence. Some 300 men were engaged in the hattle, and the air was white with snowballs. There was many a black eye in camp before bedtime. The state furnishes each man two heavy suits of underwear, two sweaters, one of which is always worn on duty, the regula- tion army overcoat, fleece lined gloves, arctic overshoes, a dark navy blue woolen cap, which may be pulled down over the ears, and two double blankets for his bed. Many of the boys have entered into a con- spiracy since entering camp to let their of sixty-four men | hair grow, and they are a sadly be-whisker- ed lot with hair enough on their heads to and there are fifty-six men in Camp Moses | qualify in a college foot bajl team. TEMPLE OF HEROD. Interesting Relic in the Museum of Antiquities in Constantinople. In the interesting Museum of Antiquities at Constantinople the object that struck Philo spoke of the inscription and corrob- orated the statement of the Jewish histor- jan. But the discovery of Clermont-Gan- nmeau has placed the matter beyond dispute. The tablet which he found was part of one of the columns guarding the inner sanc- tuary from the approach of unhallowed me most was a hoary, battered tablet, with| feet; and the connection between the in- a long Greek inscription cut in {t in seven lines, says a correspondent of the Sunday at Home. It was discovered in Jerusalem about the end of May, 1871, by the French archaeologist, Clermont-Ganneau, at a con- siderable depth below the ground, in the fcun@ations of an Arab house, not far from scripticn carved on it and the passage in Jesephus is most striking. The expressions and forms are almost identical. ——— Brought to Terms, From the New York Weekly. Husband (growling)—“Supper ought to the Mosque of Omar, on what might have | have been ready half an hour ago. What been the site of the Temple of Herod. This is one of the very few relics of that on earth are you reading?’ Wife (sweetly)—“Old love letters. Would magnificent structure which have survived | you like to look over them?” to our day. The inscription is in capjtal monumental letters, and may thus. “No stranger can enter within the balustrade round the sanctuary and in- c:csures, Whoever is caught will be re- sponsible to himself for his death.” Jo- sephus gives a graphic description of Her- od’s Temple, and mentions that the court of the Gentiles was separated from the part that was restricted to the Jews by two parallel walls, about fifteen feet apart. The “N—o, I don't care to be reminded of be translated | what a fool I was about you.” “Oh, these are not your letters. They are letters from former lovers.” “Er—by the way, my dear, you speak about wenting to go to the opera tonight. I—I forgot about it, but I'll go right out and telephone for seat: Got Mixed U outer wall was about four and one-half | From Fun. feet high. It was an elaborately carved stone balustrade with thirteen doors in it, exch of which had a pillar in front of it, It was duly impressed upon “boots” at the country hotel, when the bishop stayed bearing an inscription in Greek and Latin, | there, to address the reverend gentleman as fcrbidding any foreigner to enter the in- closure on pain of death. Josephus men- tions that the Romans respected this law, and no Gentile ever ventured to intrude beyond this point. Tne prohibition in question, however, was] practiced Icng regarded as apocryphal, even although | way “my lord.” Somewhat anxious, “boots” took up the shaving water and knocked at the bishop's door. “Who: is there?” demanded the dignitary. “It's the lord, eee my boy.” And he had “It’s the boy, my lord,” all the upstairs. HOME OF THE LEES. A Famous 014 Virginia House and Ite Appearance Today. One of the most famous cld homesteads in Virginia 1s Stratford Hall, in West- moreland county. Few houses have been} The house and outbuii the birthplace of so many great men as this one, and the epot has been, connected | defy time for many with American history for ‘more than a century and a half. Twaswigners of the Dgelaration of Independence were bora there, Francis Lightfoot Lee and Richard | facilities in the lower Henry Lee. The latter rankedjwith Patrick Henry 9 an ors.tor. home ofthe famous revolwtionary geueral, Styatford was the | is Washington's birthplace, where a hand- of the houses of that period. The walis are fully three feet in thickness. The mansion is modeled and named after one of the former homes of the Lee family in England, aad built with an eye to the law of primogeniture, a substantial dwell- ing to pass from generation to generation. dings are still in a repair, and the old place looks as if it could years to come. The original estate comprised about 18,000 acres, the garden alone taking up 50 acres, It is several miles from any traveled road, and very isolated, there being no railroad neck of Virginia. The neighborhood in every direction is rich in istorical associations. A few miles away some marble monument erected by the = “Light Horse Harry" Lee. It-was also the birthplace of Gen. Robert. JB. Lee. _ The house was built about 1785 by-/Thos.- Lee, president of hiv majesty’s couneil, who. became commander-in- 4 AS A WAR CHARIOT How an Engine Made an Assault on Hostile Sioux. A GARRISON IN A ROUND HOUSE Stirring Story of Western Warfare Told by an Engineer. Geese DEFEAT OF THE INDIANS Writien for The Evening Star. MOKY HILL WAS the end of the track at that time,” said the ol d@ engineer shifting his lame foot to an easy posi- tion. “We had built a round house—a square one—with only two stalls and room at the back for three or four bunks and a work bench. To protect ourselves > against the Sioux we had lined, or waiuscoted, the house up to abont five feet from the ground and filled in behind the lining with sand “Indians were thicker than grasshoppers in Kansas In the days of the building of the Kansas Pacific, and scarcely a day—never a week—went by without a fight. At first tkey appeared to be awed by the locomo- tives, but in a little while their supersti- tious fear had vanished and they were ,con- stantly setting lures to capture the “big hoss,’ as they called the engine. One day we were out at the front with a train of steel, some eight or ten miles west of the Hill. It had been snowing all day in little fits and spits, and near nightfall the clouds became thicker and darker, and before the sun had gone down the snow was falling fast. By the time the last rail had been unloaded it was pitch dark, and as the engine was headed west, we were obliged to back up all the way to Smoky Hill. The conductor and the captain of the guard, composed of government scouts, took a stand on the rearmost flat-car, and when I got a signal I opened the throttle and began to poke the blunt end of the con- struction train into the darkness. Ordinar- ily, I hate running backward at night, but in a case of this kind it is a real relief to know that there are a dozen or more well- armed soldiers between you ard whatever the darkness holds. Three or four men with white lights were stationed at in- tervals along the tops of the ten or twelve cars that made up the train. The house car, or caboose, was next the engine, and upon the top of this car stood the foreman of the gang, and from him I was supposed to take my ‘tokens.’ “We had been in motion less than ten minutes when I saw the conductor’s light (we were going with the storm) stand out, and following this movement all the lights along the train’s top pointed out over the plain, and I began to slow down. Instant- ly a dozen shots were fired from the dark- ness. Muffied by the storm, the sound came, as if a pack of firectackers were going off under a dinner pail, and we all Knew what we had run into. ‘Injuns,” shouted the fireman, leaping across the gangway, ‘and they’re on my side.’ ‘Keep your seat,’ said I, ‘they're on my side, too.’ To Ditch the Train. “Now all the white lights, following an- other signal from the conductor, began to whirl furiously in a short circle. That was my notion precisely. If they had prepared to ditch us we might as well go in the ditch as to remain on the tops of the cars to be picked off by the Sioux, so I epened the throttle and began to back away again as fast as possible. The Indians had pre- pared to ditch our train. They had placed a great pile of cross-ties upon the track, expecting that when we struck them our train would come to a dead stop. This small party which had fired upon us was the outer watch, the main band being hud- dled about the heap of ties, where they ex- pected us to halt, and where most of the amusement, would occur. The track was newly laid, and as billowy as a rough sea, but this wat no time for careful running. “The old work engine soon had the empty train going at a thirty-mile gait, and then we hit the tie pile. The men on the rear car, which was now the front, had an- ticipated a wreck, and retired in bad ord to the center of the train. The Indians, who had only a faint notion of the power and resistance of a locomotive, stood close tegether about the pile of ties. The falling snow had made the rails and timbers so wet and slippery that when we hit the stack of wood the ties flew in all directions. Some of them were thrown to the tops of the cars and others flew into the mob of red- skins, knocking them into confusion. A fine buck, who must have been standing on the track, was picked up in the collision and landed upon the top of the second car right at the conductor's feet. The fellow was considerably stunned by the fall, and, taking advantage of his condition, the scouts seized and bound him with a piece of bell cord, taking care to remove an ugly knife from ans Caron belt. The baad were so surprised to see the train plough through the wreckage that they forget to fire until we had almost passed them and a great flood of fire from the engine stack was falling among them. They then threw up their guns, those who were still on their feet, and let go at us, but none of the bul- lets affected our party. “When we had reached the station the Pawnees who were among the scouts rec- ognized our captive at once Bear Foot, a noted and very wicked chief, When the Sioux came to himself and realized that he was a captive he became furious. He surged and strained at the bell rope, but it was all in vain, and finally he gave it up. In the Round House. “When we had eaten our Supper we all went into the round house—soldiers and an —for we knew the Sioux would make a desperate effort to’secure their chief before the night gvas out. “It was long after midnight when one of the men on duty heard a low scraping sound like that made by a hog crawling under a gate. A moment later the noise Was repeated, and when the same sound had been heard three or four times the lieutenant in command flashed a bull’s-eye lamp in the direction of the door and the light of it reveajed three big braves stand- ing close together, while a fourth was just creeping in under the door. With a we-are- discovered expression, the tall Indian, who appeared to be the leader, glanced at his companions. Then, as though the idea had struck all of them at onee, they threw their guns up and let go along down the ray of light, and the lieutenant fell to the ground, severely wounded. : “Appreciating the importance of our cap- ture, the captain in command had set four powerful Pawnee scouts to guard Bear Foot, the Sioux chief. It was no sure thing that we would be able to-stand the Indians off till morning, and as the storm had knocked the wires down we had been un- able to telegraph to Lawrence for rein- forcements. The fact that their brave chief was himself a captive would increase the wrath of the red men without, and taking Keeping Steam Up. “The four Pawnees with their prisoner were placed in the coal tank of the loco- g SS a DR. SHADE’S Chleridum Discovery for Consump- ton Administered at Reduced Rates, $10 Per Month. All Applicants for Treatment Befere the 15th of January, 1897, win Receive Treatment the BR duced Price of $10 = Month Until Cered. 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Dr. Shade in charge. de2B5t that the oppcrtunity seemed to be at hand i hag no wish to deprive them of the ex- citement and glory of being killed in real battle, and so sat nodding in the cab of the old 49 until the flash of the bull’s-eye caused me to look ahead. “The report of the rifles in the hands of the Indians had been answered by a dozen guns from the intertor of the building and immediately a shower of lead rained and rattled upon the wooden doors from with- out. One of the scouts picked the bull's eye lamp up and placed it upon the work bench, training the light upon the double ccors immediately in front ef my engine. Our men knew how useless it would be to fire into the sand-stuffed sides of the building, ard not caring to put themsclves into a position where they could fire ef- fectively above the wainscoting, they very wisely kept close to the ground and allowed the Sioux to empty their guns into the sand. “Presently, hearing no sound from with- in, the attacking party ceased tiring and began to prowl about the building in search of a weak spot through which they -night effect an entrance. The fate of the three early callers who had hogged ft under the door kept them from fooling about that trap for the remairder of the evening. In a little while the whole place was as still as the tomb, save for the soft flutter of steam from the safety valve of the 49. Bear Foot knew what was going on. Even though he could sce ncthing, he knew that his faithful followers were working for his release, and now when all was silent he shouted from the coal tank to his braves to break the door and come in. Before the Pawnee scouts could pound him into a state of quietude he had imparted to his people the particulars of his whereabouts, and immediately the whole band threw themselves against the front of the build- ing. The Fierce vages. “The house fairly trembled, the Indians surged from without and the great doors swayed to and fro, threatening at any moment to give way and let the flood of bloodthirsty redskins in upon us. “Stand together,’ called the captain to his men. “Put on the blower and get her hot,’ I called to the fireman, for I knew the frail structure could not withstand the strain much longer. As often as the fire- man opened the furnace door to rake his fire, the glare of the fire-box lit up the whole interior and showed three dead Sioux near the door. One of them lay across the rail, and I found myself specu- lating as to whether the pilot of the 4) would throw him off, or whether 1 must run over him. Now it seemed that the whole band had thrown themselves against the building, and the yelling was deafening. Above it all I heard our captain shout: “Get ready, Frank.” ““T am ready,’ said I ““All right,” said he, ‘shoot it to ‘em,’ and I opened the sand valves and the throt- tle. I have often thought what a tempta- tion it was for those soldiers to leap upon the engine and make their escape, but, although they all understood perfectly what was going on, not one of them took advantage of this ‘last train out.’ “Just as the ‘Big Hoss’ moved with all her ponderous and almost irresistible weight toward the front of the building, the double doors sagged toward me like the head gate of a great reservoir that ix evercharged and then I hit "em. The big doors, being forced from their hinges, fell out upon the redskins and they were caught like rats in a trap. The pilot ploughed through them, maiming and k' ing a score of them, and on went the 4! over the safe switches, which had already been set for her before the fight began. The confusion caused by the awful work of Big Hoss, which they regarded as little less than the devil, was increased when the Indians, who remained unhurt realized that the engine was making away with their chief, for, he had told them how he was held a captive ‘in the belly of the big horse.’ e The Baffled Sioux. “All effort for the capture of the round house was instantly abandoned and the Sioux as one man turned and ran after the locomotive. The captain in command of the scouts, taking advantage of the confu- sion of his foe, and of the fact that his force was in the dark building, while the Sioux were out upon the whitened earth, quickly massed his men at the open door and began to pour a murderously wicked fire into the baffted Sioux, who, like foolish farm dogs, were chasing the 49 out over the switches. “All the Indians who were crippled by the engine were promptly, and I thought very properly, killed by the Pawnee scouts and the-rest were driven away with fearful loss. “It was a desperately risky run from Smoky Hill to Lawrence,with no running or- ders and due to collide with a westbound special, or an extra that might be going out to the rescue with a train load of material, but the officials fearing that something might arise which would cause us to want to come in, had very wisely abandoned all trains the moment the wires went down, and so we reached Lawrence just before day without a mishap. “My first thought was of our captive, Bear Foot, who had made track laying dangerous business for our people for the past three or four weeks, but upon looking about I saw only four Pawnees, and con- cluded that the fierce fellows had killed the chief and rolled him off. “Where's Bear Foot” I demanded. “ ‘Here,’ said a Pawnee, who was quietly seated upon the manhole of the engine tank, and he pointed down. During the ex- citement in the round house at Smoky Hill, the Sioux had made a desperate effort to escape, and had been quietly dropped into the tank, where he had remained through- out the entire run. “Now, it's one thing to stay in a tank that is half filled with water when the en- gine is im her stall, and quite ‘another thing to inhabit a place of that kind when a lo- comotive is making a fly run over a new track. After much time and labor had been lost fishing for the chief with a clinker hook, one of the scouts got into the tank, which was now quite empty, and handed Bear Foot out. “When we had bailed him out and placed him along side the depot where the sun would catch him early, the coroner came on him and pronounced him a good CY WARMAN, ae en Deeply Interested, From the New York Weekly. Jinks—“I would» have been run over on Broadway today if it had not been for ‘Winks, who was with me. He sprang for ward and showered blows on the horses heads with an umbrella. Just as the um brella broke the team stopped, and I was to me the fight.was going against us~and to the Sioux stood a chance entrance out for Lay to i F tl bie ‘tin i i iv i fir 38