Evening Star Newspaper, November 24, 1896, Page 13

THE EVENING STAR, TUESD. AY, NOVEMBER 24, 1896-16 PAGES. — FEDERATED LABOR The Annual Convention at Cincinnati Next Month. IMPORTANT WORK LAID OFF FOR I? Educational Qualification for !mmi- grants Opposed by the Federation. OTHER . MATTERS VARIOUS The sixteenth annual convention of the ‘American Federation of Labor, which be- gins in Cincinnati December 14, will be the most interesting thus far held in the his- tery of the organization. Information from semi-official sources states that much that is of material importance will be Lrought before the delegates for their con- sideration. Among these will be a proposi- tion urging Congress to pass, at its next session, the bill giving trial by jury and other. safeguards in prosecuticn for con- tempt cases, and limiting the power of fed- eral Judges, which’ was adopted at the last session by the Senate, but did not reach the House: indorsing the efforts of the Seaman's Internatfonat Union to secure re lief from.Congress for the many heavy burdens they are now compelled to bear, and urging the passage of the bills now perding in their Interest, and to oppose the pa: + ef the immigration bill pending in Congress at the close of the last session. The Immigration Question. The preamble and resolutions which will be offered fer adoption at the convention set forth that “There is an immigration bill pending before Congress, which pro- $s to apply the educational test to those seeking admission to our shores, such bill dy passed the House. Illiteracy y arily make criminals any mere than education creates paragons. In spite of education, We do not find honesty in legislative halls, nor even sound reasoning. On the contrary, the honest men are found in the common walks of life, and there too can be found the best intellects if they per- sist in frank expression. To say that men tend to crime because illiterate is to dis- pute nature's grandest law—that mankind tends to advance, gradually mounting high- er and higher in ratio with the freedom which they enjoy. If this advance cannot be made, the fault rests not in lack of ty, but lack of opportunity. If the oppor- tunity is limited, the logical and just reme- dy is to remove the limit. if legislatures refuse to do this, they themselves are wrongdoers and oppressors of the unfortu- and uneduecate “The American Federation of Labor is on record against further restriction of immi- station other than by the laws already ed. Therefore, be it ve designate the pro- posed law as illogical, unjust and an at- tempt at patchwork, as well as to throw a Sep to the discontented, while shading the real evils of our social system; and be it further “Resolved, That copies of these resolu- ticns be forwarded to the House and Sen- ate at the next session of Congress, and to the President of the United States.” Other Items of Work. Other matters which are to come up for consideration and upon which it Is antict- pated the action of the convention will be favorable are: The engagement by President Gompers of the services of Vice President Duncan on the seamen’s bills pending in Congress; to confirm the in- dorsement by the executive council of a cire ied by the International ‘Typo- sraphical Union relative to the government ownership of telegraph; to co-operate with the seamen’s organizations in attaining their desired ends; to adopt a plan on eight-hour agitation for the coming year, _4nd_t0 take favorable aetion on the rail- way arbitration |, &e. Increase of Membership. The report of the secretary of the execu- tive council wil, it is understood, state that during the past fiscal year there was, as compared with the corresponding perioa of the previous year, a large increase {i the financial receipts amounting to 323-5 per cent; that during the past seven months 197 charters have been granted to organizations, of which six were national, twenty-one central and two state; also that the American Federation of Labor gained during the past year about 70,0") members, notwithstanding that during the last three months very little organizing had been done. Steps will also be taken to make the union label and the boycott more effective than ever, as likewise to organize ail branches of the bicycle trade, such as polishers, filers, machinists, assemblers and others, so that there will be an allied trades council in each city to be composed of from each local council) and should be consulted upon ail matters the several organizations, and thus avoid conflict or hasty action. oo The Life of a Clam. From the Popular Sclenee Monthly. The clam’s body is completely enshroud- ed in the mantle, except for two openings, through one of which the foot can be push- ed out. The other is for the siphon, or what is commonly known as the “neck” of the clam. In some respects the clam may be better off than we are, for he has a little brain ta his foot and also a gland for secreting strong fibers. With this he spins a byssus by which he can attach Timself to whatever he likes. He does not even have to search for his food, but walts for it to come to him. He makes a burrow in the mud or sand, attaching himself to the bottom by the byssus. Then he thrusts his siphon up through the mud and water until it reaches the surface. The siphor is made up of two tubes, the water flowing in through the one and out through the other. When the inflowing current, laden with minute plants and animals, ‘reaches the gill chamber, some of these are sifted WS cut and retained for food, while the water and waste matter flow out through ihe other tube. The clam's eggs are carried by the mother on her gills. When there gre fish in the water with them the mother clams discharge the eggs, which soon hatca, but if there are no fish they carry the eggs un- til they decay. The reason of this strange behavicr ts this: When. the eggs are set free in the water they soon hatch, and the little ones swim about until they find some fish to which to attach themselves. Thpy live for a time on the mucus of the fish and then drop off, sink to the bottom and ferm burrows for themselves. ‘This curi- ous semi-parasite life is no doubt a rever- sion to the habit of some ancient ancestor. —-+e+ To Make a Tough Fowl Tender. From Har 's Bazar. The housekeeper {s often dismayed on discovering that the roasting-chicken whicn she ordered sent home from her butcher is at least a year and a half old, and, as she thinks, far too tough to be roasted. She may, however, have this same chicken roasted, and it will, unless it has attained its majority, be tender. Let her truss the fowl as usual, and then enfold it completely in two thicknesses of wrapper paper, securely fastening the paper with a piece of string. The fowl may now be put in the oven and roasted for three-quarters of an hour. At the end of this time the paper ts removed, and the chicken returned to the oven and roasted as long as would have been necessary had it been tender in the beginning. It must be basted often, and turned occasionally. When done, it should be as toothsome as a young chicken. ~ + + —_____ An Eagle Killed With a Stickpin. Medford (Wis.) Cor. of the Chicago Times-Herald. A large eagle hovered about Irene Ah- bett's school house nearly all of Monday last, and at the close of schoo! attempted to carry off one of the pupils, a boy about ten years of age. Its attempt was frustrated by the chil- ren, but it followed them to Powell's mill, where Mrs. Frank Powell stuck it with a stickpin and killed it. It was a fine specimen, measuring six feet nix inches from tip to tip of wings. ec ee eee eee ee ee a a ee EE EE EE EE EE EE Eee THE WEATHER BUREAU ER LN Some Facts Taken From Profeesor Moore's Saving of Life and Property as the Result of Warnings. Sent Out— New, Featuren,Introdaced. Prof. Willis L. Moore, chief of the weether bureau, has submitted to the Sec- retary of Agriculture a report of the opera- tiors of the bureau during the fiscal year of his administration. The report deals large- ly with the forecasts and special warnings, the extension of the service in the interest of marine, commercial and agricultural in- terests, and the experimental work in ref- erence to the development of appliances for the exploration of the upper air. Of the forecasts and warnings Prof. Moore says: “Timely warnings of all severe storms likely to cause injury to shipping were sent to all maritime stations and resulted in al- most incalculable benefit. In the harbor of Buffalo, alone, during six of the most se- vere storms of the past winter a total of over 150 vessels, aggregating in value up- wards of $17,000,000, and having on board about 1,800 persons, were detained in port by reason of the weather bureau warnings. “Three West Indian hurricanes swept the Atlantic coast line from Florida to New Engiand, and two passed northward off- shore, but near enough to the coast line to seriously endanger craft abaut to leave our ports. Danger signals were displayed at all ports well i: advance of the storms, and as a result no lives were lost and but litile property destroyed. 5 _,No cold wave or frost of unusual intens- ity has occurred witnout forewarning, and there are numerous specific instances of record where these warnings have resuited in saving from destruction thousands of doUars’ worth of property. No disastrous floods occurred during the year, but the sudden meting of snow at the head waters of. the Allegheny caused a moderate flood in the Ohio during the latter part of March and beginning of April. Early in July there were unusually heavy rains in ..the south and middle Atlantic states, causing floods In the Carolina, Vir- ginia and-West Virginia-rivers. The average percentage of verification of the bureau’s forecasts du the year was S2.4, an improvement of 2.4 per cent over that of last year.” The failures to ac- Ges forecast the weather are briefly noted. New Features Introduced. Among the new features introduced is the corn and wheat region service, estab- lished in the principal corn and wheat pro- ducing states of the central valleys and the northwest. Another improvement was the intreduction at nine of the principal stations of a small printing plant for the purpose of issuing daily weather maps, weekly crop. bulleting and other metsoro- logical reports. Mére prominence has been given to the spbject of aerial investigations than to ether experimental works. Con- certed cloud. observations in co-operation with foreign countries have been made at a number of. stations.. From these it is hoped to gain information regarding the sereral circulation of the atmosphere, par- icularly during stormy weather. Investi- gations have been* made of vative humidity of several sections of aniry as affecting the spinning and weaving of cotton. The observations at Pike's Peak and Colorade Springs, to determine the upper air conditions in relation to storias, are the subject of a. special report. Kite cxperi- ments are reviewel at length. The unusual destruction by tornadoes dur- ing April and May is commented upon zs follows: - sh it t is not believed that there has been an increase, either in the frequency or yeveri- ty of tornadoes. Unfortunately those of the present year have swept througn popu- lous sections of the country, oce4tsionally through the midst of smail villages and towns, and once through the heart of one of our great cities. Three hundred and six persons lost their lives in the storm of May » 1895, more than the aggregaie loss by violent-winds during the two years, 1Sv1 and 1895, and more than during any single year of which we have authentle records, except 1s0g."" The - fiscal’ affairs of the bureau receive short notice. The expenditures were less than during any year of the !ast fifteen, except one, and in that one, although the distribution of forecasts and ihe beneficial results attained were much tess than dur- ing the year just ended, the expense was substantially the same. The Recent Tropical Storms. The report concludes: “Reports received from the weather bureau stations and wind signal display stations show that during the three severe tropical storms that have occurred during the present fall season, and for which hurricane signals were or- dered by the weather bureau, viz: On Sep- tember 9-10, September 2-30 and October 10-12, about 2.000 vessels of all-classes, hav- ing on board upward of 7,000 persons, and representing with their eargoes a value of more than $20,000,000, came ito or re mained in port on our eastern gulf and At lantic coast during the periods for which the warnings were “issued. Of these ves- sels it is probable that a large proportion sought and remained in shelter as 1 result of the warnings, and it is fair io assume that had they not done so a large uumter of them would have ‘encountered the storms and have been more or less dam- aged, if not entirely lost.” ee ROOMS WANTED. He Was Not Going to Stand Any More Housekeeping Nonsense. Frenr the Detroit Free Press. “I'm going to board, Jone: What's the matter now ‘Nothing; only been taking down the screens, while nly wife bossed the job. Did you ever try to do arything under those circumstances? After nearly falling out of the third-story window, I banged my thumb with the hammer, jammed a finger in a spring, hollered murder and stepped on the dog and had my wife take him up in her arms and moan and sob over him. Yes, sir, she was inconsolable over the yelping brute, while I danced around like a wild Indian nursing my bruised thumb and my injured finger. That’s a woman for you! No sym- pathy for me, while I— “Then I started downstairs with my arms full of screens, and if I dan’t have the crowning misfortune to stumble and fall. I don’t know which got down first, me or the screens, but we were all mixed up. My wife called out to know if I was hurt, and I called back sarcastically that I was not dead, at which she said: ‘Dear me, what a shock for my poor nerves!’ When I de- parted she was still nursing Fido and said she feared the poor dear pet had sustained internal injuries. Nothing-about my inter- nal injuries, only: ‘You do make sich a fves about a little thing es taking down screens.’ But I'm done with housekeeping. We ®egin boarding this week, sure.” ———- —+ee____—- How the Hand Keeps Its Cunning. From the New Orleans Times-Democrat. “I don’t belleve that the hand or eye ever loses its cunning,” remarked a gentleman of the newspaper fraternity the other day. “Now, I have not had time during..the last twenty years to engage in the sports of the field or forest. A couple of weeks since I was one of the guests of a well-known banker of this city at his hunting lodge in the country. We went hunting, and I must confess that it was with many misgivings that. I accepted the shotgun our host in- sisted that I should shoulder, and went into the fields to chase the gay and festive partridge and lark. I hadn't shot a gun Guring the time I mentioned. I walted until no one was looking, and blazed away at a field lark which was flying across a clear- ing with his little peculfar jerky flight, and down he came. I did it again and again. Shot doves in full flight, and all that sort of thing, and capped the climax by shoot- ing two larks when I saw only one, the second happened to cross the rango’ just as I pulled the trigger, I suppose, but at any rate I bagged two and. carried’ the horns during the remainder Of the day. Now, I was considered a good shot in the days' when we had timé enough ‘to beat the brush, and my hand pod. sye evidently re- tained every bit of thelr ofd-time cunning, as proven by the fact that I shot every- thing that peeped’ above the tall weeds in the fields during my unusual outing.” Real- ly believe I'll try it again.” A GIGANTIC WORK Chesapeake and Ohio Scheme: of Improvements at Richmond. A VIADUCT THREE MILES LONG Capacious Yard Facilities to Ex- pedite Through Traffic. A UNION DEPOT ——— ee Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. RICHMOND, Va., November 23, 1806. The clection of Mr. McKinley to the pres- idency of the United States means the investment within the limits of this city. and the immediate vicinity by the Chesa- peake and Ohio Railway Company alone of more than two millions of dollars, and the placing of improvements whose benefits, when completed, will not cease to be felt by the people of Richmond for a hundred years to come. These improvements consist of the erec- tion of a magnificent railway station, com- prising also the Chesapeake and Ohio's general offices, which, it is said by some of the highest officials cf the company, will be far in advance in every way of any building now used for similar purposes in the south, if not, indeed, in the entire country; the construction of a viaduct three miles, not across, but right down the James river, not stcpping even for the dangerous rapids, and the equipment of vast yards in Manchester, besides the exe- cution of a vast amount of work of an incidental character. ‘The determination to make these im- provements has not been reached hastily by President Ingalls and the other expcu- tive officials; they have been the subject of consideration for a number of years, and their necessity has long been apvarent. There will, I am informed, be no further delay on the part of the railway officials more than is absolutely necessary to com- mence operations. So much have the people of Richmond for years wanted the improvements planned, which, arrong other desirable features, con- tempiate the abolishment of all grade crossings in Richmond, that all the privi- leges in the matter of right of way and other matters of a similar nature were months ago freely granted by the city council, and all that remains to be done in that line in order to clear the way for allowing the beginning of the great work is the granting of some small concessions by the council of the city of Manchester and also by the authorities of Henrico county ‘The readers of The Star will remember that, as published in its columns at the time, President Ingalls, who has been for years, and is now, intensely anxious that the vast system of improvements here out- lined should be created, said on more than one occasion during the recent presidential campaign, in which he took a very active part, that if Mr. Bryan was elected the work would not be done. While this, in some quarters was construed to be a threat to compel the employes of the Ches- pake a vote for Mr. McKin- apeake and Ohio to ere ley, here where the work is e done it is known that what Mr. Inealls meant was that the resultant effects of yan’ n, had it occurred, would Me yan elch that It. would have been impossible for the Chesapeake and Ohio people to have obtained the money needed to do the work. A Great Viaduct. Of all the great systems of improvements to be made here by the Chesapeake and Ohio, the most difficult and boldest from an engineering standpoint is the viaduct which is.to be built along the river fer a distance of three miles. ‘To obtain the best and most reliable data, so that when put in service the best re- sults would be obtained, the chlef engineer has had surveys almost innumerable made, and the plans decided upon are the outcome of three years of careful consideration. Meanwhile, but really commencing six years ago, the Chesapeake and Uhio com- pany has gone aiong acquiring the rizht of way and picking up property necded by it for this improvement, until it already has mere than $200,000 invested in the enter- prgiaiiive to a Star representative here last evening @ prominent official of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company said: “When the Chesapeake and Ohio Rall- way Company was reorganized in 1889 and large amounts cf money were expended i the rehabilitation of the rolling stock and readbed, together with the greet improve- -nta that were made at Newport News. an exoression of astonishment came from all who had not made a careful study of the resources of the road. “But after acquiring the Richmond and Alleghany, running from Clifton Forge to Richmond, along the James river, and thus rossing the Blue Ridge on a down grade, as it were (for there are nd adverse grades to the eastbound trafic in this division, which is now the James River division of the Chesapeake and Ohio), the business of the road has steadily increased, until the wharves and terminal facilities at Newport News are among the finest in this country, and eight great freight steamers now make regular trips between this tidewater term- inal and English ports. There 1s also a very heavy coastwise traffic to and from Newport News. “The natural growth of traffic that has resulted from the facilities offered haz been such that the facilities at Richmond have been overtaxed, and the company has found that this has really become an ob- structing point, liable to cause a conges- tion of cars on both sides of the city. “To understand this it must be remem- bered that the original tine of the road en- tered Richmond from Newport News on the east, passed through a tunnel some 4,000 feet in length and Jeft the north for Cincinnati by way of Charlottes- ville and Clifton Forge; that between these two points are the heaviest grades on the read, and that eastbound trains are com- pelled to climb North mountain immedi- ately after leaving Clifton Forge over a grade of 80 feet to the mile. Naturally, then, all eastbound traffic is sent over the James River division, where the grades are uniformly favorable. > “The James River division, unfortunately, did not connect with the main line of the Chesapeake and Ohio to Newport News: therefore, in order to transfer through cars, a traffic arrangement was made with the Richmond, York River and Chesapeake, now @ portion of the Southern railway system, by which the use of its tracks through the city of Richmond was secured and the connection between the two links of the Chesapeake and Ohio completed. “The Chesapeake and Ohio portion of this conriection is a single-track line, running through the city, crossing some of the busiest streets at grade, while at other points it is carried on high timber trestles with adverse grades, that to the east-bound being 58 feet to the mile, while to the west- bound it is 105 feet, thus making it neces- sary to break up the trains and haul them through the city with switching engines, involving innumerable delays and interrupt. ing street traffic. It has become absolutely necessary, therefore, to remove this ob- stacle. “Realizing that half-way measures are always unsatisfactory, elaborate plans were formulated and the passage of an ordinance by the council of the city of Richmond secured for the construction of a lne which will completely do away with the present troubles. An Elevated Road. “Briefly, this plan consists of the erection of an elevated structure through the city, connecting the James River division with the main line to Newport News, beyond the city limits, and the erection of a new passenger station and geferal offices, as above stated, in the former of which there will be accommodation for all trains of the three divisions of the road. The obstacles, physical, political and financial, to the final execution of this work have been innum- erable, but they have in the main all at last been cleared away. “Chief Engineer Frazier, under whose direction the plans were promulgated, has turned the new line from the old at Holly wood, and boldly taken to the water. It is a common thing to bridge a stream, even one filled with rapids, but it is very un- usual, if not unique, to turn a railroad in- to a river filled with rapids and run down stream for a long distance, finally landing upon the same side from which it started, and yet this-is-exactly what it is proposed to ido in this ESS, ‘In -using uct the t trains entering ont tne eee will ae ee the city and ‘jhe road crews will run through to“thé yard at the further end. Passenger trains from Newport News to Cincinnati and the west or north will run over the. viadudt<from the yard at the eastern end into the station, pagsing out at the north -endp!while: trains from ‘Cincin-. nati and Washington will naturally follow the opposite: cBtirse. The viaduct will be made of stone, iron and steel, and will corsist of columms resting upon suitable fourdations, with the cross girders framed between-and’ the'ongitudinal ‘girders rest- ing upon the topi of those running across. Plate girders will be used throughout ex- cept on the rivel;spans, and there will al- ways ‘beat lcks¢ thirteen’ feet of clear head room abové*the streets, while on the strveture iteelft there will always be at least twenty, feat. i “Tt is the Intention- to establish a very complete yard just east of the city lmits. At present the gfound is open and unoccu- pied and the greater portion of that which wit be required is already owned by the *ctthhe ‘track on the % “The track on the viaduct approaches this open space on the slight ‘ising quo- tlent of 0.25 per cent, and touches it at the same point.as the present main line. It then curves to. the left and crosses the open with a still rising gradient in a tan- gent until it reaches the present main Ine. “When the new line leaves the city lim- its it fs on an embankment thirteen feet high, and is, of course, that much above the level of the open space. At the right hand of the proposed yard a hill juts out to the present main line, waich. was car- tied around its base. The alignment of the mew line has been sq,adjusted that the excavations’ recntred for it and the yard will furrish all the material needed to fill in the lower’ portion of the yard. This will amcount to about 350,000 cubic yards. ‘The yard Itself will consist of two dia- mor ds; one for eastbound and one for westbound traffic, both having a grade cor- respcnding to that of the main line, or ris- ing from west to east, and both. will be op- erated by gravity, entrance being made in toth cases from) the eastern extremity. It is also intended to provide for four aa. dittcral diamenrds, to be constructed as socn as the requiremeh: pene a ‘ments of the traffic de- “The two diamonds that wil first will each consist of six cae Saunt fanaey ee sixty cars each and twelve cks with a capacity of ~ core ue = a total oft Sea diamonds. Each will he provided w. s own special caboose track, and She eee bound yard will also have an extra’ con- Rection for through freight trains that are run fram. Newport News to the west without being broken, thus receiving un easter curvature end gradé than the other Ine, which ts for trains that are made up at this point. Yard Facilities. “The switches and signals at the two entrances to the yard’ will be controlled from towers, while the yard switches will be single stands worked by men on the ground. These switches will be so ar- ranged that In the whole yard there will be but dne double slip switch, all of the remainder being simple single switches. Each d‘emond consists of twelve tracks, and the outside one is tobe kept clear at all times for light engines. “On the south side clear of the yard, a round house with fifty stalls will be erect- ed, having approaches from both directions, and a coaling station with water tanks conveniently at hand. A by-pass track running past thé round house will con- nect the two approaching tracks at -points well clear of it and the coaling station, and on this there will be a siding for the wrecking train. “The passen,er’station, which, as already stated, will contin offices for the general officers, will bé located on Main. street Just west of Shockoe creek, where all the street cor lines fn the city converge and the only’ place ‘in: Richmond where this is so. The structure will have about 300 feet frontage oi Main streét, and it will rise to a height «hat will make It the tail- est building for any purpose in the state of Virginia. Thé present plan which, how- ever, may be dkanged so far as that ad- ditional stories:may, be put on, has four stories of offices,above the waiting -ooms and station apartments, which waiting rcoms' and statfon apattments are to be themselves. twenty-five to thirty feet above the level of Mein street: : “The | building: omeide: will: “be “provided with vauits gd elevators. and will be fin- ished in every’ detaif in the most substan tial and. modern-styie.. The carriage sheds will be in the lange corcourse underneath the buildirg.. Access to the station will be from Franklin street, as well as from Main street, and the Main and Franklin street car lines will afford service to all parts of the cities of Richmond and Man- chester. «About 2,000,000 pounds of iron will be used in corstructing the train shed and depot. Expediting Through Traffic. “The purpose of the Chesapeake and Ohio Company in effecting these improvements, is not alone to give Richmond the advan- tages of a splendid depot -and to erect fine general offices for its headquarters, but a more important purpose has probably been to so arrange that the through traffic of this system will cease to pass through the crowded parts of the city, and will no longer cross the thoroughfares and avenues of trade at surface grade, embarrassing the users of the streets and endangering their lives; to construct new lines, which will re- move all of this traffic entirely away from the business and thickly settled portions of the city, taking with it the noise, the smoke and the manifold annoyances and discom- forts which now attend the handling of this great traffic; so, for the through business of the road with its many hundred of cars that pass daily between the west and Rich- mond. and between the latter and the east- ern and northern points, thé “additional Jines “above mentioned are to be con- structed. “The owners of the Chesapeake and Ohio railroad intend that the improvement at Richmond shall be the crowning point of the many improvements made in late years in the system. There is no place on the line or cenrected with its system that stands in equal importance with Richmond, and it mcrecver cccupies first place in the feel- ing and estimation of those who are most directly interested in its welfare. From the beginning it has been contemplated by the officers. to cap the mountain of im- provements made by the Chesapeake and Ohio throughout the Virginias with a fit- ting work in the city of Richmond. “Very early in the history of Mr. M. E. Ingalls’ management of the history of the road—as far back as 18%, instructions were given to investigate all possible plans for connecting the different divisions or lines of railway, and also for the selection of some suitable location for a large passen- ger station, and train shed and building for the general offices of the company, a structure that would be worthy, not only of Richmond, but also in harmony with the vast system -and interests connected with the Chesapeake and Ohio, and one that.the people of the city, as well as the cwners, officers and employes of the Ches- apeake and Ohic would not only be satisfled with, but proud of. It is believed that when the new stricture is put into serv- ice it will be found. to fill the bill in every jetail” Mayor Hooper‘s., Appointments Con- firmed. The city counefl of Baltimore surren- dered last night! and confirmed the ap- pointments to mithicipal office, made by Mayor Hooper J&¥t winter. These are the eppointments which were “held up” so long without action, and which caused the council to pass an,ordinance depriving the mayor of the appointing power. The de- cision of the court 6f appeals last week, de- claring that the’ ¢ouncil had transcended its power, doubtiess served to bring the matter to a close. | ———+* +2080 —__—_ South Caroling ‘Repablicans Object. Scuth Carolina republican candidates for Congress in the last election filed protests with the board ‘of ‘cahvassers yesterday against awarding ‘the certificates to their demecratic oppoients, who were elected on the face of the returns. Taey allege that the registration law is unconstitutional and many negroes could not register, and that mary who did were not allowed to vote. Trere were protests from all of the seven districts, except -one—Congressman Mc- Lavrin’s—but the hoard overruled them all and declared the democrats elected. Ali are for free stlver-except one, Congress- man-elect Elitett “ot the Charleston dis- trict. — see District Judges Appointed. The President hag appointed William D. McHugh of Nebraska United States judge for the district of Nebraska, and Andrew pee of Newark United States Judge for the district of New Jersey. 92 cars for both, 13 TO NET MILLIONS|A8™¥ INSPECTIONS/ROAD ABANDONED Mr. Dingley’s Views as to Probable Tariff Legislation. PROPOSED INCREASED GOLD RESERVE a Careful Revision of Revenue Laws by the New Congress. AN EXTRA SESSION Representative Dingley of Maine, chair- man of the House committee on ways and means, has given to the New York World a signed statement respecting needed tariff and financial legislation, which is regarded as important as outlining the republican policy. Mr. Dingley’s statement is as follows: “I sce no reasonable ground for hoping that the exigency tariff bill passed by the House last December, will be taken up by the Senate this winter. I should neverthe- less be gratified to see it passed and sent to President Cleveland. “Notwithstanding the time of its contin- uance 1s already half gone I should be glad to see this revenue bill now enacted because an additional income is needed by the government and because it would serve to check importations made in anticipation of increased dutie: “But it should be borne in mind that the passage of the exigency tariff bill this win- ter would rot make any the less ne@essary a revision of the tariff on protective and permanent lines. The bill which passed the House last December was purely an emer- gency measure, and it would terminate by limitation in a few months. Aside from ithe duty placed on wool, woolens and manu- factured lumber it was simply a 15 ver cent horizontal increase of existing entries. As the report of the committee on ways and means stated, such a treatment of du- ties was justified only as a temporary measure to meet an exigency. Dingley Bill Alone Can't Suffice. ‘No member of the ways and means com- mittce would for a moment countenance this method as a permanent arrangement. The idea that has been entertained by some persons that the House bill would make unnecessary any further tariff legislation for a long time is certainly a mistaken one, for necessarily a horizontal increase of du- ties does not correct the inequalities and discriminations of the present tariff. “The existing tariff is amply protective in some parts, but thoroughly destructive to our industries in others, and it Is a rev- enue destroyer. The iron ‘and steel sched- ule, according to Senators Cameron and Quay, is for the most part satisfactory. ‘The cotton schedule is satisfactory as io varns and fine goods. “The duties on some other schedules are sufficient, but the woolens, wools, the lum- ber and many other parts are tructive. The woolen goods schedule 1s bad largely because tne duties are exclusively ad val- orem, making frauds against the revenue easy. The wool-grower and farmer should be protected as well as other interesis. The Election Has Changed Things. “The results of the election have changed the situation materially. A President with different views on the question of the sources of revenue will assume office in three months. I hope a majority of the new Senate will then be in accord with the executive on this subject. Gold Reserve Should Be Increased. “We should have at least $50,000,000 in- crease of revenue, and it would be better if the sum were $70,000,000, Besides, the treasury reserve should be not less than $150,000,000, Instead of the present accepted mit of $100,000,000 in gold. ‘his could be accomplished by exchanging paper now in the treasury. for gold, and it ought to be accomplished by the beginning of the next fiscal year. “After July 1 there must be more revenue or serious difficulties will arise. Whatever is done snould be done quickly, for busi- ness reasons. As applied to politics, delay would be dangerous. After another year the question of the next House of Repre- sentatives will come forward. The present House and the one to be seated next year are favorable; it is to the Senate we must lcok for action. Extra Session. “If my assumption is correct, that the Senate will reject the House bill at the coming short session and that no measure will be passed that will restore the financial equilibrium, there is only one plan to be followed. ‘That is for President McKinley to call an extraordinery session. “It is my judgment that such a session need not be a long one, unless the Sena purposely prolongs Gehate. If the two Ledies composing Congress confine them- selves to the work in hand six weeks ought to be suilicient for the House. There are objections to an extra session unless it be- comes imperative, but there can be no doubt that the exigencies of the treasury are under that head. No Genéral Tariff Overhauling. “In my opinion it is not necessary to cre- ate an entirely new bill or to make a gen- eral sweep of the schedules of the present tariff laws. There is much that is good in the existing law, and also a great deal that is objectionable from a republican stand- point, to say nothing of a technical or sci- entific one—too many inequalities. “Part of the wave of confidence that has swept over tke country since the result of the election became kncwn arises from the buoyant hope of most of our industrial con- cerns that the existing tariff injustices, Cangers, incongruities will be corrected. “The currency question, although nore prominently®presented to the people during the presidential campaign, was by no means the only issue. Our manufacturing interests looked forward with the hope that in many cases was born of desperation tor relief from the existing ills of the tariff system. It is a mistake to assume that dis- cussion per se of the tariff in Congress, with a view of changes, is always injurious to business. It depends whether the dis- cussion is with the intention of increase or of reduction. Tariff Debates Sometimes Good. “In 1890, when the tariff was debated more or less for elght months, little dis- turbance of business ensued; the revision was for upward purposes. When for down- ward purposes, as in 1894, another and ad- verse effect on business was induced. “We have now an opportunity to obtain fifty to seventy millions additional revenue, and at the same time to build up some of ovr national industries which are aow lan- guishing. “About twenty millions revenue on the wool and woolen schedule alone have been not only lost under the present tariff law, but the partial destruction of the wool growing and the wool manufacturing inter- est has ensued. Protection is a principle— not a matter of rates. “4s the House of Representatives is the source of all revenue legislation, and as it is republican in political complexion, it will maintain the principle of protection, but with justice and moderation. Care and Moderation. “While I have expressed myself thus frankly as to the necessity of such a re- vision of the tariff as will cause {t to yield sufficient revenue, and at the same time en- courage American industries, yet I believe that whatever steps are taken should be taken with care and moderation, not giving just occasion for criticism by sound meney democrats, who have co-operated with us in the campaign. “Certainly if all these men have the pa- triotism and good sense shown by Bourke Cockran in his speech at the New York chamber of commerce dinner, they wiil not be likely ‘to find occasion to criticise any action that is likely to be taken by republi- cans to secure revenue and correct the glaring inequalities of the present tariff.” ——_+-o+____ In the French chamber of deputies last week the interior budget was adopted, with the secret service appropriation, by a vote of 350 to 8, after the government had engaged not to employ the funds to ‘subsidize uewspapers. General “Breckinridge Speaks of the Good Condition of the U. & Army, wes He Makes‘an Argument im Favor of “the E&teiiston of the Civil "Service Rules. The annual report of Gen. Breckinridge, iuspector. general of the army, which has been made public, covers a wide range ‘of topics, which are the sub- ject of inspection by officers of that branch. The army is reported in as good a condition as ever in respect to in- struction, discipline and equipment, as well as quality and quantity of supplies. Con- siderable attention has been given by in- spectors to problems in minor tactics and training in the field, which, under the present short-service term, have become more pressing and importani, and much care has been bestowed upon the most eco- nomical disposition of property and public animals submitted for the action of an inspector. Gen. Breckinridge says that the progressive spirit of the recent orders con- cerning lyceums, practice marches, advance and rear guards; reconnoissance and out- posts, and other field exercises warrants the hope that the reports a year hence will con- tinue as satisfactory as they have been in the past. x The giadual concentration of troops at large bests is‘referred to. The number of posits has decreased nine since 1%. The number of enlisted men who deserted dur- ing the year has been compiled for all posts and camps except six, and foot which gives an average of 14,5 per post. Gen. Breckinridge makes the following argument in faver of an extension of tbe civil service: “Section 1754," Revised Statutes, provides that ‘persons honorably discharged wpe o! the militory or naval service by reason disability resulting from wounds cr sic ness incurred in the line of duty shall be preferred for appointments to civil offices, provided they are found to poxsess the business capacity recessery for the proper discharge of the duties of such oific Under rule VII, section 2, of t ice rules, as revised May 6, 18% and sailors whose claims to preferer der the provisions of section % Statutes, have beea ailowed by mission and who attain an average per- centage of 63 or cver shall be placed in the order of their average percentages at the head of the proper register of el It is carnestly recommended that st taken to have the section of the | Statutes referred to above so amen to embrace all soldiers, sailors and marines who-have been hcnorably discharged from the service of the United States. It may not be necessary, here to give in dctail the advantages accruing to the government, and especially the army, by such a meas- ure. It would be a rare incent conduct, faithful service and cu: and fill our regiments with a d- ment, and this government could for the civil branch employes whose habits cf discipline and well-tested, trustworthy characters and patriotism, proved by hard- ships-and“hororable Service under the flag. would give their services exceptionable value in whatever capacity they may be appointed.” Ss ONE OF EGYPT'S MYSTERIES. A Lake, Part of Which is Fresh and the Other Part Very alt. From the London Telegraph. the reign of Said Pasha a cause- ‘as built across the lake of Mareotis, with the result ihat the western portion, of the lake became highly impregnated with salt, while the eastern part remained as formerly, only slightly brackish. Scien- lists are not fatisfied as to the source of the immense quantity of salt contained in the lake, and some have conjectured an un- derground passage from the sea. However, there is no visible channel by which sea water might enter, and, as one can ride ell erourd it, it is, to all intents and pur- pcses, a lake. Hts length 4s about nine miles and its breadth four, and it furnishes the entire salt supply for gyxpt. A miniature railway runs from. the workshops to the lake,where the salt is cut and the trucks filled by gangs of Bedouins, who, during the are at work day and shops the salt is ground and packed, and ircm there distributed all over the country. To the unscientific mind the main charm of this lake is its beauty. As one stands on the thick crust of salt rear the shore,which stretcles as far as the eye can see, one feels exactly as tf standing on a field of ice, and in addition to the dazzling white- ness of the salt, its beauty is enhanced by a pink tinge, which at the edges of the lake deepens to a mauve. The cause of this color is also a matter of conjecture, ani has been attributed to minute organisms contained in the salt; whatever its origin, it fades as the salt beecmes dry, but while damp the effect of the imprisoned color is indescribably lovely. To get an entirely different phase of the stght one must ride over the causeway. Here one has the ice field cn the right, end cn the left the rippling blue Mareot Abcut half way across, where the lake i deeper and the salt crust hss not formed. the scenery changes. The water has t sull and heavy lovk of the dead sea, but, unl'ke the latter, which looks like molter brass, this milky lake, with the clouds and the blue sky reflected in it, might be liken- ed to a vast opal, and the setting sun, throwing a fiery ball into its depths, com- pictes the similitcde. To eyes accustom@d to the soft and vary- ing tints of green in an English landscap>. the setting might seem unworthy of this gem, for the surrounding hills boast no ver- dure. But arter a short residence in this desert one learns to admire the hills, in which all the sepia tones are blended, and when lighted up by the setting sun the col- orirg calls to mind the west2rn windows of Magdalen Chapel. ‘This enchanting scene, however, is evan- escent. As the salt is formed by evapora- ticn, it is only during the hot summer menths that this can take place, and with the first autumn rain the picture fades away and the sparkling ice field resolves itself into a placid lake of blue. ——_+e+_____ DISCOVERED TWO COMETS. One of These Professor Swift F Made Out With His Naked Eye. Frem the New York Herald. Professor Lewis Swift of Lowe observa- tory, Echo mountain, Cal., has discovered a comet by means of his unaided vision. Here is his own story of 1 “The comet that I have just seen, with- cut the aid of a telescope, has not, so far as I have been able to learn, been seen by any one The way I happened to see it was this. When one-third of the sun had set below the mountain, I noticed through the window of the observatory a peculiar luminous object, about one degree above the sun’s upper limb. It was at once apparent that the object could neither be a star nor the planet Venus. “The conclusion that it was a comet was sccn reached by me. Seizing an opera glzss I closely inspected the luminous ob- ject, and found that it steadily increased Doth in size and brightness. You must un- derstand, to fuly appreciate my surprise, that it is a very unusual thing, indeed, to see a comet by daylight, ar the sun, ard to witness all this without even the aid of a pair of spectacles. The glass re- vealed still another surprise, however, for by its aid I learned that there were two comets, one of which was that which had Lecome visible to me without the aid of a glass. The second one, when the telescope was turned full upon it, seemed of unusual size and brightness. “Within about five minutes I saw both the sun and the comets slowly sink from view behind a spur of the Sierra Madre mountains. The glasses that I used in sur- veying the second comet were of the ordi- nary sort you see at the theater. The next day I was at the observatory, engaged in studying the heavens with my four and a half inch comet seeker. I swept around the sun to ‘get, If possible, another view of the two comets I had seen the previous day. When the sun's disc had half disap- ‘peared below the mountain peak, I detected what I supposed was one of the comets. Its faintness surprised me, however, for 1t appeared no brighter to me then, when aid. ed* by the,.comet seeker, than when I first looked at it with the naked eye.” - ———_eee. Send Your Laundry to the Yale if you want it laundered properly. Drop a postal, 514 10th st.—Advt. Baltimore and Ohio Gives Up a South- ok ern Division. MORE RECEIVERS’ CERTIFICATES New ‘Station in Baltimore Given Up for the Present. TO PAY FOR TUNNEL Within the past few days there have been surprising happenings in the affairs of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company. Among these weré the announcement by the receivers that they would abandon the lease of the Valley division of the road between’ Strasburg and Harrisonburg, Va., if permitted by the court to do so; the il- ing of a petition with the United States court at Baltimore also by the receivers for authority to ue $956.00 additional certificates of indebtedness and the further announcement that they had decided to give up the idea of constructing a magniti- cent $1,000,000 depot near the heart of the city of Baltimore, for the which more than half a mi! of dollars were paid ‘by the company some ten years ago. The reouests of the receivers were promptly granted by the court, and notice has, it, is undenstcod, “been already given to the proper authori of the South- ern Railway Company, the owners of the road mentioned, that the former company will cease to operaté the line from and after November 30, The history of the transa tions through which the old Richmond and Danville Ratl- road Company shortly after the close of the late war leased fifty-one miles of its track in the Shenandoah Valley to the Bal- timore and Ohio Railroad Comp: was ished in detail in The Star some weeks at which time suit waS entered in the Baltimore and Ohio by the Southern, the successor of the Richmond and Dan- vilie, for rent alleged to have been due and unp: for 2 number of years, and the probability was mentioned that in view of the fact that the revenues of the Valley division were insufficient to meet the fiscal charges, the Baltimore and Ohio would relinquish the leased portion of their Valley division. The imme of the Baltimore and Chio’s acti that the South- ern will have fifty-one miles of rich and populous territory added to its Washing- ton and Ohio division, with the pc S it is thought, of a deal being made for the use by the Southern of the Baltimore and Ohio's track between Harrisonburg and Staunton, a distance of about thirty miles. Receivers’ Certificate The proceeds of the receivers’ certificates will, it is stated, be used for the payment of a bill amounting to $46 due the Maryland Construction Company fer the building of the tunnel: the acquisi- tion of the electric plant and the electric engines used in the tunnel under the city of Baltimore, which amoun and the balance, not to exceed $1¥ is to be used for the purpose of defraying the cost of ccnstructing new train sheds and other facilities for passenger tra in the eastern portion of the Camden sta- tion property, and to put the remaining ty in that location in a condition to facilitate the unloading and delivery of freight. It was stated by the receivers to the court that money is now due the contract- ors for the Mount Royal station in Balti- more, and these claims, together with other debts, aggregate $365,000. The construction company owns land néar Camden station upon which it was for a long time i Bed to erect the proposed new station, as above mentioned, valued at $ and also other property: worth over $540.0, subject to ground rents, but this is really the p erty of the railroad company. Th€ total value of this property is placed at $84,178.06, and it was stated that company owns in the same locality other valuable property. It was further stated by the re that they have made arrangements with the General Electric Company for placing electric lights in the tunnel, and other im- provements, the cost of which will be nearly $400,000. The certificates will bear G per cent in- terest, and will be secured by a lien upon all the property of the Maryland Construc- tion Company and the Camden siation property, and will be payable at such time as the court thinks best. Explaining the reason for abandoning the idea of erecting the new $1,000,000 sta- tion, the receivers said that so large an ex- penditure of money would not be justine: by the advantages that could reasonably be expected from the improvement, and at present there is no need of it, as the Cam- den station can be improved. These improvements must be made in the judgment of the receivers, as additional fa- cilities must be furnt for the delivery and unloading of freight. The land for this purpise, it i $300,000, ard the will not exceed $100,000 sell property worth $56 S_ propo: for the pur- pose of relucing the indebtedness, and this, it is claimed, will be the best for all con- cerned. Whole Loop. From the Chicago Record. But at last, in spite of many difficulties, the first bulletin was transmitted to the satisfaction of the patrons—all except one. Out from the depths came a small voice. It was a voice that must have belonged to a small man, a methodical little man of serious purpose, who regarded election re- turns as historical records and wished to set them down with accuracy. This little man ssid: “Will you please repeat that bulletin? I didn’t put it down.” Groans and murmurs went over the wires. The man at central said: “I haven't time to re- peat. Bulletins are coming fast.” The small man—“Please repeat that first bul- letin.” Kor hours afterward that small man with the piping voice made life a bur- den for every other patron of the service. He wanted every bulletin repeated. He in- terrupted: ‘he insisted. Men and women abuse? him scandalously, but without ef- fect. After eve.y message he wou “Please repeat that.” When bul was reached he made a special requ bulletin 17 be repeated. A German voice, coming from an unknown region, “Tell that idiot to go and get last almana: Later in the evening, when news came rapidly and all but a few chronic disturbers were content to keep quiet and listen, the reader at central was requested to disconnect the man wanted everything repea “I can't,” he replied, “because I don’t know his num- ber.” It was too true. All the talking was anonymous, It went into one general fund, and no one knew whence it came. If the patrons could have learned the num- ber and name of the Nttle man, it is prob- able that he would have been lynched at an early hour on Wednesday morning. CHING m-dieal attention, medicines, and cations, but they the sound and well, her skin is pert) = SSS n saved from what threatened to light ber Ife for- ever.” E. D. Jen S.S.8. Is GUARANTEED PURELY VEGETABLE, and fs the only cure for deep-seated Mood diseases. Books free; address Swift Specile Compauy, Adauta, Ga, “For fifteen years my danghter sufered terribly with in- herited Eczema, received the was given many p: had ct whatever S. S. was finally given, and it 7 ly re ar kins, Lithonia, Ga.