Evening Star Newspaper, November 2, 1896, Page 13

TEE EVENING STAR, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1896-SIXTEEN PAGES. BABIES ON RAILROADS A Nursery Oar is Suggested as a Much- Needed Oonveniance. Experiences of Conductors Who Are Placed in Charge of Young Chil- dren on Long Journeys. In the course of a recent trip from the far northwest to the eastern states, a reporter of The Star made it a point to inquire of each conductor about the practice of ship- ping children from place to place by means of passenger trains. The conductors all said that the practice was increasing. An old conductor on a south-beund train out of Chicago said that he had “fathered” more children on his train this year than ever before. “Twice as many?’ I asked. “Hardly that, but a great many more than last year,” he replied. “What were the ages of the children this ear?” yFrom eight to twelve years. I noticed that they were all bright children, and al- most able to look out for themselves, but the increasing number scared me, and I began to think of what would become of us conductors if people, afflicted with econ- omy developed a great habit of sending their children to their grandmothers. in the country, to their aunts or sisters or cousins for fresh air or some other reason.” “What would you do under such circum- stances?” “Oh, I don't know. Go crazy. Con- ductors have very little time to father a ‘brood of children en route, especially if business is good and the coaches are full.” I then suggested to this old conductor, who was really a careful, kind-hearted man, that the railroad companies could easily provide for the increased juvenile traffic by furnishing nursery cars. “That is what the roads will have to do,” the conductor replied, “and they will have to furnish matrons, too, and relieve us from being mammas and papas, too. “I suppose the nursery car would be full of rattles and drums end toy pianos, horns, rocking horses and other toys, and a tank of milk and a medicine chest full of pare- goric, cough balsam and soothing sirup?” “Certainly, and then if papa is forced to remain away from home for a long time and wishes to see his children, they can be sent to him at reduced rates under the Most favorable conditions.” “Nursery cars might be a good thing, anyhow. The number of young children which are carried daily is enormous, tak- ing the whole country into consideration, and the conveniences are not worth men- tioning. Coaches are all built and pas- senger service is adjusted to adults, not to children. A Conductor's Experience. The conductor said that last summer he carried two young children who had come from Texas, and were going up into the northwest. Two other children, about eight years of age, had gotten on at Mem- phis and ridden under the fatherly care of conductors to Chicago. These children were tagged, the card bearing the name end address of the relative to whom they were consigned, and the names and ad- dresses of the two bright young members of the consignment. Numerous instances of shipping children were mentioned, but none of them were as remarkable as the instance of a baby girl who was one of the reporter's fellow-pas- during a daylight trip through sin. She was put on at a station in the extreme western part of the state, and the people who came to the train with her gave a tag to the conductor. It read as follow . aged three. To be deli R- On the reverse side of the slip was the name and address in Chicago of the child’s mother. Baby R was warmly clothed, and she sat very still in the car seat where the conductor placed her. Her bright eyes twinkled, but she did not say anything. She kept so quiet that very few of her fel- low-passengers knew that she was travel- ing alone. After a little the conductor In- duced a woman to sit beside the ttle girl, and after that one woman or another sat beside her during the entire journey of nearly three hundred miles. Refused to Be Comforted. The baby was apparently happy until the shades of evening fell and the lamps were lit in the rushing train. Then she wanted ner mother, and she cried for her lustily. The woman in tie seat wita ker offered her very cold comfort, and she cried until she got tired. Tne conductor was a fleshy, sociable yourg man, and he made several efforts while the baby was crying to soothe her. He was unsuccessful. After the last attempts he zame over to me and said: “If my wife was here she would have that baby iaughing in a minute. My wife is a wonder that way. We have live littie ones, four girls and a boy.” The baby cried “Mamma” very plain- tively, very lustily. The old maid in the seat with her told her to keep still, and the conductor went back, leaned over the old maid, looked wistfully, helplessly at the squalling baby, and said: “There! There! Oo’s riding on the choo- choo cars, and pretty soon you will get there and see your mother. “She ought to know better than to send such a small child as that so far that it would have to ride at night,” observed the conductor. “We conductors have some- thing to do besides wiping babies’ noses and hushing "em when they are squalling bloody murde: On and on sped the rattling train in the night toward the great western metropolis. The poor little traveler, weary, lonesome and hungry. stopped crying at length from exhaustion, and at iast fell asleep, with her head against the side of the cold old maid. As the train rolled over the switches in- side the city limits of Chicago the conduc- tor grew visibly more nervous. He came to me and said that he would bet $5 to $1 nobody would be at the depot to take the baby. This statement excited my interest, and 1 awaited the end of th: = Se at trip anx. No One Was at the Station. ‘When the train stopped, with a Jerk and the hiss of air brakes, under the great high roof of the Chicago depot, I followed the conductor and the baby out of the car, and watched them until they reached the waiting room. He placed the little bit of humanity on a seat in the vast room and Icoked anxiously about. Nobody appeared to claim the baby. The conductor turned to me with a fear- ful look on his face, as he said: “Just as 1 expected. Somebody is trying to get rid of this child and I am a party to the heart- less plot. The conductor waited a reasonable Jength of time and then, no one having appeared to take the baby, he beckoned to a police- man. The officer came over and the two held a conversation. A few moments later i saw the conductor going out into the Streets of the great western metropolis with the baby on his arm. Her arms were clasped around his neck. I learned that the conductor left the baby in charge of the matron at police head- quarters, and that the baby’s great-grand- mother got her the next day. Was sick the nigh: before, and the great- grandmother was too old to go to the depot at night. The baby was shipped down the road because the mother was too poor to go and get her. 2a Dead Man’s Claim. Frem the Boston Journel. Among the rich mines of Leadville is one called “Dead Man’s Claim.” It seems a certain popular miner had died, and his friends, having decided to gjve him a good send-off, hired a man for $20 to act as sex- ton. It was in the midst of winter; there Was ten feet of snow on the ground, and the grave had to go six feet below that. The grave digger sallied forth into the ow, depositing the corpse for safe keep- ing in a drift, and for three days nething was heard from him. A delegation sent to find the fellow discovered him digging away with all his might, but found also the intended grave converted into the entrace of ashaft. Striking the earth, it seems, he had found pay rock worth $00 a ton. The delegation at once staked out claims ad- Joining his and the deceased was forgotten. Later in the season, the snow having mel! ed, his body was found and given an or- @inary burial in another part of the camp. Going to Chi- ered to M R— Her mother | 1S MARS INHABITED?}IN HOTEL CORRIDORS Prof. 0. A. Young of Princeton Oonsiders the Question. Our Planet Neighbor is a Pretty Cold Place and His Atmosphere is by No Means Dense. In a resent article in the New York Her- ald, Prof. C. A. Young, the eminent astron- omer of Princeton University, writes en- tertainingly on the question of the habit- ability of the planets. Prof. Young says that as to the general question whether the stars and planets are the abodes of life, we can, of course, say positively on the one hand that they may be. Plainly the om- nipotent Deity can if He sees fit organize forms of life suited to any vessible condi- tions, creatures that might flourish In the solar fire, or in nebular fog. On the other hand, there is not the slightest valid evi- dence that such creatures exist. Consider- ing the “vast emptinesses” between the stars, and the lifeless ages of the earth's early histery, as revealed by geology, one cannot argue that material globes must be inhabited. Unoccupled space, lifeless mil- lerniums and worlds uninhabited all fall into the same category of unexplained use. But, if we narrow the question, and in- quire as to the possibility of forms of life such as we are acquainted with upon the earth, the case is different. We are able to say at once, and with absolute con- fidence, that there are only two among all the heavenly bodies observable with our present telescopes upon which anything like terrestrial life could possibly exist. The two are Venus and Mars; upon all the rest the conditions are clearly too different from our own. As to the planet Venus, we need say very little here. In diameter, mass, density and the force of gravity upon her surface she is the earth's twin sister. She is so mu nearer than we are to the sun that she re- ceives from him almost twice as much heat and light as we do, but as to the char- acter of her surface, we know almost nothing. Unquestionable — obzervations prove that she nas a denser atmosphere than curs, and it is probably always filled with cloud. A Pretty Cold Place. With Mars the case is different; we know nore about him than we do about any other heavenly body, the moon excepted. Since the planet's distance from the sun averages something more than once and a half that of the earth, it is certain that Mars receives less than half as much solar heat and light as we do—an unquestionable and most important fact. In the next place, we know that the di- ameter of Mars is about forty-two hundred miles (somewhat more than half that of the ecrth), and that it rotates in 2th.37m. 22.65s. around an axis so situated that the planet's equator is inclined about twenty- four degrees to the plane of its orbit. This is so nearly the same as the inclination of the earth's equator that we safely infer that Mars must have seasons very like those ef the earth, though notably modified by the considerable variations in its di tance from the sun at different parts of its orbit. In the third place, from’ the ‘motions of its little moors, we can calculate with certainty the weight or “mass” of the pianet, and we find it to be tess than one- ninth ‘¢ that of the earth. From this it follows aiso that the planet's average density 2 per cent that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is not quite 38 per cent as great as here. A man who here weighs 160 pounds would there weigh only sixty pounds. If he were able here to jump to a height of five feet, there he could jump thirteen. So far as tkis conditicn goes a. Martian, .elephant might be as agile as a terrestrial deer. A Different Atmosphere. Thus far there is no guesswork. have stated knowledge, not speculation. Once more. There are clear indications of an atmosphere upon the: planet, though they are not such as to enable us to cal- cvlate with certainty its extent and den- sity. This ‘atmosphere ought to be much less extensive and dense than ours, on ac- count of the lessened force of gravity, and if the so-called “dynamical theory” of gases, now almost universally accepted among physicists, is true, it must be a lit- tle body, like the moon, or Mars cannot permanent'y retain an atmosphere like our own. The inference 1s borne out, too,.by the fact that clouds are only rarely observed upon the planet. Te ett And now we come to a question of great difficulty—that of thé planet's temperature. Since the planet's atmosphere ts certainly not dense, it is natural to conclude that the temperature at its surface, even if the sun's heat there were as intense as here, must be Practically the seme as that of places on the earth where the density of the air is ccrrespondingly low, namely, at the tops of the lcftiest mountains, in the regions of Perpetual snow, 2 ee And, recalling that on Mars’ the ‘solar radiation is less than half as intense as here, the inference is almost irresistible that the temperature must be appallingly lew, 30 low that, as om the moon, water, if it exists at all, can exist only as ice. And yet, while many astronomers—I my- self, for one—are disposed to think this probably true, it is only an inference, and not a certain one. Nor can it be denied that phenomena observed upon the planet look very much like the deposit and melt- ing of polar snows, the flow of water and the growth of vegetation. Judgment Hangs Suspended. It may be, perhaps, as Flammarion has stggested, that the planet’s atmosphere, though rare, has some peculiar constitution that makes it more effective as a “blanket” than our own in its power to retain the solar heat; or, it may possibly have some urknown source of heat; or, again, it may be that Fay’s modification of the nebular hypothesis is correct, and that Mars, in- sicad of beirg an older planet than’ the earth, as commonly supposed, may be a younger one, still retaining considerable of its original heat of condensation, and not yet cooled down to a permanent tempera- ture corresponding to its distance from the sun. But unless some cause operates to give it an abnormal temperature, the discussion need go no further. Life resembling that upon the earth could not exist there. The time may come, perhaps, before very long, when we may have heat measuring instruments of sufficient delicacy to give us certain information whether the plan- et’s temperature is below zero, or is sim- ilar to that of our habitable earth. Till then judgment hangs suspended. soe THE PUEBLO WOMEN. We Pretty and Picturesque as Girls and Stately as Young Mothers. Hamlin Garland in the Ladies’ Home Journal. The Puetlo Indian women are often very pretty as girls, and some of them make stately young mothers. They work gen- erally in groups of thre or four, cooking, whitewashing, weaving or painting pottery. They seem to have a good deal to chatter about, and their smiling faces are very agreeable. They have most excellent white teeth. Their ceremonial dress is very pic- turesque, especially the costume of the Acoma and Isleta girls. All burdens are carried by the women of Acoma, Isleta and Laguna upon the head, and they have, in consequence, a magnificent carriage, even Iate in life. The old women of Waipi, cn the contrary, are bent and down-looking. They carry their burdens on their backs slung in a blanket. The girls of Isleta wear light cloth over their heads Spanish fash- fon, and manage it with fine grace and coquetry. The every-day dress of the Hopi women consists of a sort of kilt, which is wrapped around the hips and fastened with a@ belt (a modification of the blanket or wolfskin); above this a sort of sleeveless chemise partly covers the bosom. Their hair is carefully tended, but is worn in an ungraceful mode by some of the women. The women of Hano cut the hair in front square across about to the line of the lips, while the back hair is gathered into a sort of billet. The front hair hangs down over the faces, often concealing one eye. The, unmarried women in Walp! wear their hair in a strange way. They coil it into two big disks just above their ears—‘‘the intent being to symbolize their youth and promise by imitating the squash flower. The ma- trons correspondingly dress their hair to symbolize the ripened squash.” Some of the maidens are wonderfully Japanese in appearance. HOTEL CORRIDORS. “There ts a natural telephone line in the Black Hills," sald C. D. Bishop of Rapid City, 8. D., at the National. ‘The line runs between two mountains in the Black Hills range, northwest of Rapid City. On each side of the valley, twelve mfles in width, stand two high peaks, which tower above the other mountains and have long been known as landmarks. These mountains are several thousand feet high, and have rerely been scaled, so but Httle is known of their topography. But some weeks ago @ party of tourists decided to make the ascent, and they divided into two parties, one for each peak, taking heliographs with them for the purpose of signaling to each other across the valley. The ascent was made and one of the party on the north mountain was surprised to hear voices, which apparently came out of the air. He moved his position, and the sound was no longer heard. By changing his position several times he discovered that the voices Were those of his friends on the other mountain. He called the attention of the others to the phenomena, and when the attention ef the opposite party had been attracted, it was found that an ordinary conversation in an ordinary tone of voice Was plainly heard from one.mountain top to the other. There was only one place on the mountain where it could be heard, and this appeared to form a natural telephone. Scientists say that the cause is to be found in the form of the mountains, which serve as elliptical reflectors of sound, the speakers being situated in the face, at the ends of the ellipse, and in the low density. of the atmosphere at the altitude at which the phenomena occurs. 5 “Molasses is now being used largely as fuel by some of the planters in my state,” said UL. C. Darby of Donaldsonville, La., at the Shoreham. containing as tage cf sac- charine matter, which no known process can extract, will make a very hot tire, when sprinkled upon dried sugar cane, corn stalks, or other refuse: woody fiber. Where molasses of the rough and unr fined sorts is very cheap and where coal is dear, owing to the cost of transportation, the fluid ras already become an efficient fuel product for the many processes where a high degree of heat is requisite. As yet, but few have learned the value of the new fuel, but it is constantly becoming more popular and ft will not be many years before cheap molasses will be used even where coal is plentiful, as the fire 1s much hotter.”* “In many cases of electric shock the pa- tent could be resuscitated by the use of ammonia even after life seems to be ex- tinct,” said Dr. W. L. Taylor of Cincin- nati at the Raleigh. “The first experi- ments were made upon birds and it was discovered that injections of dilute am- monia subcutaneously and the administra- tion of the same by the mouth will re- store the creatures to life after shocks of electricity which to all appearance have destroyed the vital spark. The restorative result 1s doubtless due to the action of the ammonia in the muscles of the hear ich organ is paralyzed by the shock. Evidently, however, a quantity of the elec- tric fluid entering the system sufficient to. burning of the nerves, cause destructive muscles or blood cells, conveying the cur~ rent would render all remedies ineffectual. On the other hand, post-mor:>m iam tions of many human victims to electrical shocks or Mghining bolts reveal no de- structive changes in the tissues, and it Is a question of the first importance if in such cases proper and timely attention would not restore the apparent 1os3 otf life. If the ammonia discovery 1s. car- ried out thousands of lives may be save “There are plenty of Indian monnds afd burying grounds,” said C. P. Bowers of Buffalo at the Ebbitt, “but it is rare that remains of the former denizens of Ameri- ca are found in the large cities. A short time ago while digging a sewer in Buffalo, the workmen unearthed a quantity of crude crockery, pipe bowls and other relics of a dead race of aborigines. ‘They found also skeletons interred in the characteristic Indian fashion, doubled up with hands clasped over their knees and heads bowed down. Archaeologists decided that the re- mains were those of extinct Kah Wah or Kah Kawh tribe, the last member of which died, or was slain, over two hundred years ago. The incident affected ne very pa-4 thetically, considering the bustling city of Buffalo. Nothing could be ‘more prosaic than excavating a sewer, yet what more romantic than digging from the earth the relics of an ancient race, whose very name’ is only known to the scientists.” “The quaintest use for photographs. I ever knew 1s that of Theodore Saburtn, owner of Visitation ranch,” said L. C! Markley of San Francisco at the Riggs. “Instead of making his hot house of plain glass, he erceted one of portrait negatives which he secured from a large gallery going out of business. A structure thirty, | feet long and twenty feet wide was erected in the center of his garden, the negatives being assorted with regard to size and subject, many thousands of the strange looking pieces of glass being used in the process. The ratest and costliest exotics of all lands filled the house, so that the picture presented by this combination of rare plants and flowers is in itself pleas- ing enough to attract special attention: but the chief charm of the hot house lies in the shadows cast on the growing plants by the photographic negatives, composing the walls and reof. The quaint charm of this flood of dappled sunshine, playing on the banks of verdure, or the gently wav- ing ferns and palms, is almost indcserib- able. The best time for seeing the shad- ews {s early in the morning, when the light is strong from the east. Then the west floor of the hot house presents a medley of shadowgraphs that is weird and. pictur- esque. At midday every negative in the structure is employed in the stereopticon business. A clear moonlight evening, too, produces pretty effects on the plants.” “One of the most interesting features of the education of deaf mutes fs their danc- Ing,” said P. G. Gillette of Chicago, one of the leading deaf mute instructors of the country, at the Arlington. “It was dis- covered by accident that deaf mutes en- Joyed music, and now dancing is a com- mon pastime with them, they keeping time better as a rule than those who are in pos- session of all their faculties. One who is not a deaf mute Is inexpressibly lonely at one of their parties. He can understand nothing, while they converse with their hands and have a good time. When the music strikes up they dance. It would be supposed that it was essential to hear the rhythm in order to danc>, but such is not the case. They feel it, which is just as effectual. When they employ an or- chestra, they stipulate for the largest bass drum and viol, for the reason that the louder the music the greater the vibra- tions. Almost all deaf mutes are passion- ately fond of dancing, and there are few poor dancers among them.” “A few young people are arranging for a good deal of trouble by getting married in yachts,” said P. T. Langley, a well-known attorney of New Orleans, at the Arlington, “A skipper can legally perform the emar- riage ceremony. This is known to the young people, and they go out in yachts, launches and sail boats, and the words are said, which they suppose unite them for fe. As a matter of fact, the words have no effect whatever. No skipper can legally perform the marriage ceremony unless he holds a certificate as captain of a vessel, is- sued by the proper authorities of the nation under whose flag he sails. Saflboat mar. riages are illegal, and yet they scem to be | increasing. I was invited to take a yacht trip a short time ago, when one of these marriages occurred beyond the three-mile Umit, and I created a decidedly unpleasant sensation when I informed the groom that his marriage was not valid. He did not en- tirely belfeve me, but fortunately another lawyer was a member of the party. He con- firmed what I had sald, the yacht was run | in large, bold letters, and the figures ‘1793. back to shore, a minister sent for, the mar- | riage ceremony repeated, and we put out to sea again.” ———— His Complaint. Frem an Exchange. Visiting philanthropist—“Have you any- thing to complain of?” State prison convict—“Yes, sir; I am re- strained of my liberty.” SPLENDID ,STREET DISPLAY|THE TURK AS A FIGHTER erg Elaborate Deooration of Paris in Honor of the : A™ Flowers and Rich Draperies Were Used in Perfusion, as Well as Colored. Fisegte Lights. The following extracts from a letter of a Washington lady{ now broad, describe the Zorgeous preparations made for the recep- tion of the czar and céSrina of Russia dur- ing their recent stay at the French capital: “The morning 6f the 6th of October the city was in a state of excitement, enthusi- asm and magnificence impossible to de- scribe. Several weeks before they had com- menced the ornamentation and decoration of this, the most beautiful city of the world. France, as we all know, leads the world in art, so with Parisian taste and an appro- priation of millions of francs to do the work, you can perhaps imagine the result. But I really believe it was not in the power of any of the French writers, brilliant as they are, to describe Paris accurately as It looked that day, nor the most vivid im- agination to conceive its beauty, magnifi- cence and grandeur. Every street house was decorated; every street, avenue and boulevard ornamented with most prodigal lavishness and beauty, Ingenuity and varie- ty truly wonderful. “It was all finished the Sunday previous, and the streets rendered impassable by the great, throngs of visitors. For several days preceding I had watched its progress, and as it grew day by day it seemed as if fairy fingers had been at_work, so beautiful, so delicate and so lovely was the tout ensem- ble. No two avenues or boulevards were alike, each was distinct and separate in style and variety, wonderful in the ex- treme. “On both sides of the. Champs Elysees, from the Are de Triomphe to the Tuileries gardens, electric wires had been strung, the white globe-covered lamps as close together as they could be placed. Along the side- walks were erected al! sorts of handsomely painted and gilded ornamental devices, posts and columns from which were flung the French and Russian colors. Many of the elegant mansions along the route were almost covered in crimson velvet, fringed with gold, together with the flags of both nations. - An Elaborate Display. “The big place around the Arc de Tri- omphe, from which the twelve avenues ra- diate, was gay. The Place de la Concorde, which to me at night atways seems like a scene in fairyland, had hundreds of addi- tional lamps, as well as various sorts of ornamental devices. It was one of the spe- clally brillant spots. Where the trees along the route had lost their leaves the branches were covered with flowers, white, pink, red and violet. Across the west end of the Tuileries gardens, overlooking the Place Concorde, great ornamental frames had been erected, covered with flowers and flags. There were floral columns on all the principal street corners, with ornamen‘al posts for the flags of both countries. The Place Concorde bridge was gay, as were all the bridges crossing the Seine, and so’ along the Boulevard St. Germain to the street leading to the Russian embassy, which, 1 Leink, was'the finest of als) ie by an “Across the grand boulevard for three miles and more ‘electtte wires had been strung at intervals of twenty-five or thirty fect and at a height of twenty-five feet or were from whieh suspen’ close pink, yellow and ive decoration more, together celluloid 21 i. green, making’ a ‘most ‘effec by day and a stene brilliant beyond de- scription when ihe electric lights were turned cn at night. All-the houses. were gay with garlana@s of Mowers, velvet dra- pery, flues, etc.,and so was elmost-every street throughout ‘the ity with the same lavish display. tall were afraid that the rain woul come before the morning of the 6th and spoil it'a¥.. Lut fortunately the day was absolutely perfect, with a bright warm sun, not fa single cloud and just enough. bregze stor keep the millions of fags and streamers gayly fluttering. ie “The Royal Guests. “Our party had an elevated position in one of the preitiest,spots-in the Bois de Boulogne, from which,we had a splendid view of their imperial majesties. I was s0 close to the czarina that I could almost have touched her. JT was more interested in her naturally than the ezar, but not as much interested. in either of them as in the decoration and illumination of the cit The czarina was all in white, dress, cape and toque, and appeared charming, gra- cious’ and radiant. I have heard. it said but. nat by Parisians) that she is more iieataen athen clever suaummardecetnre hauplification., net required in queens and empresses. “The Parisians were wildly enthusiastic on their appearance, and cries of “Vive la Russie,” “Vive le Tzar,” “Vive la ‘Tzarina,” were continuous. At the same time 'T could not help thinking how pleasant it is to be born in a free country like our own with men at the head of the government without prestige and rank-rather than a czar and,master. “Of the illumination at night I can find no words,to;deseribe it.. But. wondertul as we thought the illumination of the bulld- ‘ings at the world’s fair, Chicago, it fades into the merest insignificance compared with Paris on the nights of the 6th and 7th. Having seen what the Parisians can do I am afraid that in the exposition of 1900 they will surpass our great fair. I sincerely hope they will not, but they take it as a matter of course that they will. The Great Throngs of Visitors. “There were two or three millions of vis itors here those days and windows where he procession could be seen rented for $600 and $700 each. Rooms in hotels, sixth and seventh floors, in back strcets, were $10 a lay. “Now, at the first hint of winter, Ameri- cans are hurrying home as fast as they can get ships to carry them. Paris is full of them yet, particularly the shops, where you see the ladies walking about. The Paris dressmakers are beginning to have a far-away, reminiscent look in their ey Next season is a long way off and they seem to think the pleasures of mem- ory are superior to the pleasures of hope. The annual visit of the United States to Europe is a costly experience. 1 am told this year that my country men and women have left no less than $100,000,000 in shin- ing gold in the old world. “T heard some startling Chicagoan the other all over Europe, had visited every capital and all the famous spas, but he declared he had seen nothing in all Europe to equal Chicago. * In that great city they had ho- tels larger than the Musee du Louvre and higher than the Eiffel tower, and that merchant princes had private art galleries richer than the Luxembourg and homes that cost more than the Palace of Ver- sailles. It is the foolish talk of such Americans that makes the Parisians and other foreigners think it their boundea duty to rob them.” yi so. much iatistics fram a He had been The Star's, Elgetion News. The Evening Star's election news will completely cover ¥vergpoint of interest in the country. In “Faaitton to the facilities afforded by then widfereaching arrange- ments of the As&ociated Press, The Star has posted staff and-sppcial correspondents at all the importiht news centers, and the readers of ‘The Siar will enjoy the benefit of a service unrivaledfor accuracy, full- ness and complefenesy, Those who want to get the quickest and best news should arrange to get Tuesday's editions of The Star. 3 —+>——— Mr. Bryan Receives a Rare Coin. From the Chicago Chronicle. Frank M. Dejarnett of Sedalia, Mo., has mailed to W. J. Bryan, in care of the sil- ver democratic national committee, at Chi- cago, a satin-lined morocco box, in the center of which was a silver dollar. The only thing that appeared on the face of the coin was the single word, “Liberty, In the milling, on the rim, were the “One dollar, one hundred cents—unit the top of the box was inscribed ‘aad’ family, in and family, From’ ¥. M, Dejarneit ia, Me Sedat To Willtim eae BI Lincoln, ‘Those who inspected the coin say they have never seen or heard of one like it be- fore. It is Claimed That There is a Lack of Good Leaders, Foreign Officers Form an Element of Strength in the Army ef the Ottoman Empire. From the Army and Navy Journal. The Turk is a good fighter when he is well led, but as a rule he Is not well led. When he knows what to do he can do it, stubbornly and resolutely, if somewhat clumsily and craftily, but he has little fac- ulty of origination ang but an indifferent faculty of, execution. When it comes to defense he is there, largely by reason of his negative qualities of vis inertia and his stolid acquiescence in whatever may be nis environment for the time. At offensive movemeats he is not an adept. “Kusmet” (fate) sums up mest of his strategy, al- though he is willing to a limited degree to help “fate” out when some leader more in- telligent thaa the average shows him the way. But the Moslem, who is so used to being misled in political and in other ways in time of peace, would hardly know wnat was happening if he should for once be well led in battle. He has never been accustom- ed to intelligent systems of administration. Little is done systematically in the Otto- man empire, or done with method long, even where a periodical fit of “progress” seizes on the centralized officialism at Stam- boul. Such a thing as a war college is un- known in Turkey. Here and there is a military school, which gives a kind of cadet drill in the minutiae of militarism, but no such thing is known as a comprehensive scheme into which the several parts of the military system, so far as there is any system at all, might be made to so fit that every man would know his place and duty in time of war. In other words, Turkey has ro military “station bill” posted up any- where abouts, nor, so far as any observers are informed, even stored away in any archives anywhere. That she has some in- dividual staff officers of brains and even brilliancy, both native and foreign, in her employ ts not denied; but broad scope is not allowed these specialists in forming any policy which can stand against the old pashas and the discredited methods of de- crepit bureauocracy. Suil, after all that has been said, it will not do to despise the Turk as a fighter, however far short he may fall of being the ideal fighter. Now that ordnance has been so improved and the range and execution of weapons so much Increased, a mere boy of any pluck with a magazine rifle in his hand is quite capable of placing men hors de combat, and the Turk is courageous, though usually he sees no special reason why he should take the trouble to be brave. But he is always capable of becoming an ugly beast at bay, and he has a good deal of shrewd native sense, though of a some- what sluggish kind, which ts liable to awake and assert itself on special occasions when he is not overloaded with red tape and of- ficial or fanatical stupidity. Then there is the young Turk, who has studied in England, France or Germany, and is now in a subordinate position. He is liable at any time, as_a result of casual- ty in battle, suddenly té*suci to import- ant local command, when fat and fatuous ashas or wheezy, whimsical beys are killed off. And last, but not least, there are in the manli zrmies a number of German and inglish officers. who supplement the brawn of the yeoma: soldiery with the brains of the accomplished tactician, These men would have to reckon with an attacking feree. They are there, and they are an ele- ment of strength to a government with which few besides have much sympathy. ‘The Turkish private is generally a young man, serving out his term of enforced en- listment until, with bis discharge papers hung about his neck in a fancy Kittle tin receptal ly home to his Iccal “4 into the “redit” or reserve corps. He is a tough, lubberly half-clothed, half-shod and ill-fed fellow, who can wallow through mud and live on biead and olives and sleep in puddles of water without breaking down so readily as a European would; a man who, while gen- erally a fatalist who does not see the good of attacking a position, yet in no greater degree sees the good of running away from an ad ncing enemy. He is a stupid, but, by no means, wholly inefficient, Jgut, who is capable of doing great things in point of campaigning and resistance, and some things in the way of Offensive tactics, when he is taught and disciplined to war_as an art as well as a Rastime. The great weakness of the Turkish army is its lack of a properly trained non-com- missioned staff. As things are, private sol- diers and even sergeants will not dare to exercise the discretion of firing on even at- tacking brigands unless some commission- ed officer arrives and warrants their so do- ing. This failure to place responsibility upon these non-commissioned officers has seriously tended, of course, against their improvement, and might, in case of war, result in grave disaster to attenuated firing lines where so much would naturally be expected from the intelligence of squad commanders. In most cases, indeed, the Turkish sergeant or “chaush,” is simply a promoted private, who lacks the capacity for high training which most of our own non-commissioned soldiers possess. How- ever, there is a vast deal of material in the Turkish army. ———+o+___ AN EASY LIVING. An Ingenious Man Not Troubled With a Conscience Wins Prosperity. From the Omaha World-Herald. “There is no need of a man starving or begging in this world,” and the speaker, a well-dressed man, bestowed a look of min- gled pity and contempt upon a poor speci- men of humanity that had struck him for a dime. “I came to Omaha a week ago with- out a red cent, a white cent or any other colored cent. Just one nickel was my pile. What did I do? Go out and strike some man for a quarter to buy a meal? Go out and rustle for a job while I was starving? No, sir; I went to a cheap hotel where my baggage was suflicient guarantee for a room und a few meals. “After engaging a room I hunted up a drug store and invested my nickel in one of those little bottles of perfume. Then I jol- lied a cigar man into giving me several sheets of tin foil used in keeping tobacco moist. With these I returned to my room and confiscated the slab of castile soap which ornamented the saucer on the wash- stand. I cut it into pieces about a quarter of an inch square. Then I poured about half a pint of Missouri water into the ba: and into it emptied the perfume. My next step was to drop those chunks of castile soap into the perfumed water and leave them until they were scented. “After they had become quite sweet scent- ed I took them out, wrapped them in the tin foil and was ready for business. Going into the residence part of the city where the houses were small, I made a canvass and sold these pieces of soap for 25 ceni each. People thought they were samples of some wonderful new soap warranted to take out grease spots, no matter how deep or how ancient. * “Well, yes; perhaps I did tell them so. But if I hadn't I wouldn't have sold the soap, and if I hadn't sold the soap I coudn’t have paid my hotel bill, and if I hadn't paid my hotel bill I'd have been thrown out and maybe have brought up in the police ecurt. So I think I did right. Anyway, my conscience does not trouble me. “After I had sold out the first installment T had $1.50. perfume and some more tin foil and was ready for the sevond batch. These I sold in another part of the city, and realized so much that I paid my hotel bill and am ready to go west on the evening train.” Annex to Detroit's School. From the New York Tribune. There ts “food for thought” in the an- nouncement that in. the new High School building in Detroit "a room has been set apart that will accommodate not less than 300 bicycles. The idea is not a new one, but this is believed to be the first time that distinct arrangements for the accommoda- ticn of cyclists have been made in the plans for a school building. Public schools generally do not need to provide bicycle reoms, as the pupils live near them, but such rooms are a necessity in the case of Tigh schools and private schools that draw pupils from a large area. School authori- ties are beginning to appreciate this fact, although some of the congervatives are slow to accept a new idea that seems to verge on the revolutionary, Bicycle High With it I purchased some more” 13 SPECIAL VIOLET EXTRA Soest quality. ate u Reduced from "$1" vc, cu EXTRACTS les, Were 0c. bottle. Reduced to---> (G bottles for 2c.) True Violet Orris, extra fine quality, in jarge 2 Reduced to......21e. TRUE VIOLET WATKR, delightfui- ly fragrant. Reduced to...... TRUE VIOLET WATER, large size. Reduced to... Tae. IMPORTED VIOL. SACHET—in os. packages. Keduced to.. 200. STERLING SILVER NOVELTIES—are offered at big reductions. You can save iat a ca VIOLET SALE. In addition to the scores upon scores of bargain offerings for tomorrow we will make a special feature of Violet Extracts, Vio- let Waters, &c. This week will be a memorable one for prudent shoppers. The store is fairly bristling with rare bargains. S. T. Thomas ssignee), lertz’s Modern Pharmacy, Cor. 1th & F Sts. N.W. E. P. Mertz Assignee Sale. half by purchasing here instead of from some jeweler. Every article in this de- partment is reduccd greatly in price. Ail sterling silver guarantend 25 Bailey's Chill Pills, sure cure and a. ENG Lester's Liver Pills, 6 for. E Vitel Hazel, pints Beet, Wins and Iron... “7c, Hepburn’s Dermarex Skin Soap. Re- duc Iie, cake Chamois Skins. at greatly reduced prices. Very nest quality, oll dressed. All sizes. Fine Hot Water are offered at belittled prices best qual- ity rubber. 8 . 2 and 3 ats Fountain Syri ling at which cannot ed est quality « t with great care. A splendi pestunity to get one at a reduction, SHAKESPEARE A GOLD BUG. Demonstrated at a Entertainment. From the Indianapolis News.» A merry crowd at the Second Presby- terian Church last night showed great interest in a program prepared by the pas- ter, the Rev. Dr. Jenkins. The program consisted of ten questions relating to the present political campaign, all to be answered by quotations from Shakespeare. Gray beards and children rollicked in the fun and bent double at some of the sal- i So far as could be gathered from the replies to the questions the immortal bard was a decided “gold bug.” At the announcement of the decisions as to who were entitled to the offered prizes, cach successful candidate presented with a bit of jewelry, consisting, In most in- stances, of a campaign button or badge with appropriate motto, the trophy neatly nestled in a jewelry case. Many of the answers that Were not awarded prizes were nevertheless loudly cheer-d. The que: tions, quotations, prize winners and hon- oravle mentions are listed below Quesiton 1, What does Shakespeare think of the present state of our country? Prige answer. “God pardon them that are the cause thereof.”"—Gloster in Richard HE J. 1. Rey noids. Question 2. H nash pending “16 to 1” campus Prize answer. “I never *: fury in so poor a thing.”’-4’ymbei H. b. Jenkins. Honorable mention. “It would be argu- ment for a week, laughter for a month and a good jest forover."—King Henry 1V, Act 2, sec. 2. F. B. Mitchner. Question 3. What is nis opinion of Mr. McKinley Prize nswer. “Go you down this way towards the capitol.”"—Julius Caesar. C. W. Parker. Honorable mention. “Thus far can I praise him—he is of noble strain, of ap- proved valor and confirmed honesty.” — Much Ado About Nothing.” Scene “III, Act IT. Question 4. And what does he say of Mr. Bryan? Prize answer. man nor young enough for a boy. volio in Twelfth Night. C. W. Parker. Honorable mention. “The purpose you undertake is dangerous; the friends you have named uncertain; the time itself un- sorted, and your whole plot too light for the counterpoise of so great an opposi- tion."—Henry IV, Scene III. Winfred Haines. Question 5. In what words does he ex- press the views of a gold democrat? Prize answer. “Sort how it will, 1 shail have gold for all.” Miss Margaret Gard- ner. Honorable mention. “Think’st thou that duty shal! have dread to speak when power to flattery bows.”—King Lear. C. A. Young. Question 6. How would he settle the bat- tle of the standards? Prize answer. “1 will give you more, for I will ratse her statue in pure gold.”—Ro- meo and Juliet. J. I, Reynolds, Honorable mention. “Foul cankering rust the hidden treasure frets, But gold that’s put to use more gold be- gets. —Venus and Adonis. Miss J. Ackerman. Question 7. How does he expect the elec- tion to come out? Prize answer. “I'll tell you what, I think it is our way.”—Richard III, Act 1, Scene I. Miss A. Gentry. Honorable mention. “Out of this nettle danger, we pluck the flower Safety.” —King Henry IV. F. B. Mitchner. Question 8. What remed: pose for our “hard times Prize answer. “Have more than thou showest, speak less than thou knowest, lend less than thou owest.” Miss M. Gard" ner. Honorable mention. “Thrift, thrift, Hora- tio."—Hamlet, 1-2 Dr. Jenkins. Question 9.’What does he prophesy to follow our present troubles? Prize answer. “The weary sun hath made a golden set, and by the bright track of his fiery car gives token of a goodly day to- "—King Richard UI, Act 5, Scene III. Miss 8. L. Cochran. Honorable mention. “Our peace will, like a broken limb, united, grow stronger for the breaking.”—King Henry IV, 4-1. Miss Gentry. Question 10, What does he advise all to do when the election is over? Prize answer. And now at last, laden with honor's spoils, Let us entreat by honor of his name, Whom worthily you would have now suc- ceed, And in the capitol and senate’s right, Whom you pretend to honor and adore— That §ou withdraw you and abate your sirength; Dismiss your followers, and, As suitors should, Plead your deserts in peace and humble ness. does he pro- E. R. Crutcher. Honorable mention. ‘Cease to lament for that thou can’st not help.” Miss Gentry. —___—_-+ 22 Plants That Spread Quickly. Thomas H. Kearney, jr., in St. Nicholas, The dandelion is an old world flower, not native in America, save far to the north and on some of the highest Of our western mountains. But somehow it was brought here, perhaps from England in old colonial times. Now we see its golden heads and feathery balls at every grassy roadside, the “‘clocks” the boys and girls blow to tell hour. A few years ago farmers in the Soeeest found a new weed, a vile prickly weed, in their wheat field. In a short time this weed, the Russian thistle, has spread over wide acres of the best farm land in that part of the country, and has done great injury to the crops. How do these plants spread so fast and so far? They are not carried about and planted. No one wouid be so foolish as to sow Russian thistles. The mother-plant must have ways of her own for sending her offspring abroad into the world. Plants pro- pagate themselves in two ways, from seed or from buds. Sometimes these buds are borne on slender runners. A_ strawberry plant, after it has blossomed, begins to send out such runners, with buds, unfolding tufts of leaves, along them. These tutts are at first connected with the parent plant, but later the runners between break away, and each tuft becomes a new plant. Many grasses, like Bermuda grass and the troublesome quick or couch grass, have creeping stems, each joint sending out a bunch of roots below and a bud on the. up- per side. If you try to hoe up such grasses, you only make matters worse, for each joint, when cut off, is ready to form an in- dependent plant. Such grasses spread very fast, and soon take possession of the land they get into, upboard of Drugy iwery House. Should Be Kept From the Boston Advertiser, For storing drugs en emergency closet should be constracted, where it should be known that everything of this sort is to be kept, and nowhere else in the house. In one compartment cf this me closet should be kept all the made-up prescrip- tions ordercd by the physician of the fam- ily. The compartment should be subdi- vided in two—one for the keeping of pre- scriptions of an ordinary kind, and the oth er for any such as are powerful or danger- ous in their character and administering, and there are many such containing arse ical preparations, nux vomica, etc In another compartment there should be kept laudanum, liniments, ointments, cam- icine phor, hartshorn or ammonia, colodion for cuts and abrasions, valerian, essence of Sweet spirits of niter, ginger turpentine. Th should be drawers also in the emergency closet, for -holding the labeled pack>ges of flaxseed, camomile flowers, hops. Irish moss and slippery elm bark or powde; Bicarbonate ef scda is also useful for acidity of the stomach, and o: « com- pound one's own setdlitz powders when necessary by keeping on hand the three in- gredients, namely: Bicarbonate of soda and rochelle saits, usually put up in blue pa- per, and tartaric acid, put up in whice papers. To make the seidlitz powders, ceed as follows: Take one Tre oun’ bicarbonate of soda and three Troy ov of rochelle salts, and mix them thorow. together. Divide into twelve equal pa and put these up in twelve blu Then divide 420 myins of tartaric twelve equal parts and put up white papers. A dozen seid itz will be enough to keep on hand although one may keep enou three ingredients in separate botties to last a Jong time. It should remembered that powdered or crystallin: alkalies and acids must be Kept from air, as otherwise the will ab: » moisture, effloresce and become valuele It is a gevd thing to keep lime water on pow one t hend also, especially where t are dys- peptics and infants. It may be easily pre- pared at home. Take two ounces of lime, two quarts of distilled water, slack the lime with a little of the water, pour on the remainder of the water, stir them to- sether, and immediately cover the ves and let it stand four hours. Keep the so- Jution with the undiss Mme In glass bottle, well corked, and when wanted for use pour of the clear liquor. Spirits of turpentine should always be on hand, as it is a most excellent rubefacient in cases where it is desirable 10 use a counterirri- tant—that is, to get up am irritation on the surface in order to draw the blood from some inflamed organ. eI ~ ND SUCKERS, ‘ay to Load Old Hulks With a Useful Cargo. An Easy From the Chicagy Record. As the steamers pass along St. Clair flats, between Lake Huron and Detroit river, the passengers see numbers of old hulks anchored off in shallow water, and invariably ask the steward or one of the deck boys what they are there for. The answer always is given in a gruff a temptuous tone, as if it were a fool tion: “They're sand suckers.” What's a sand sucker’ ‘Old tubs that suck up sand.” How do they suck up sand Then the oracle locks at you and grins. He doesn't quite know whether you're a farmer yourself or are guying him, and it takes a great deal more questioning to find ‘act that a new industry has Geen ze ancient and leaky huiks that are not fit to go to sez The bottom of Lake St. Clair and the flats that surround it are covered with beautiful white sand, and these boats go out every morning, anchor in a favorable place near the channel and drop overboard large hose pipes of canvas or rubber, with iron tips, which sink of their own weight. Then they set the pumps going and suck up the sand, which brings a good deal of water with it, and is deposited in the bot- tom of the boat. The sand sinks and the water rises to the surface and returns to the river through holes pierced for its ac- commodation. ‘Thus, betore sunset the hatches are filled with pure, clear sand at @ nominal cost, which is unioaded on the docks at Detroit and sold for building pur- tly days there was a community of chmen who made a business of gather- s sand and hauling it to the city, but they had to work very hard, beenuse of their ignorance of hydraulics and their lack of bi They poled and rowed up flat boats, which they wouid fill by jump- ing overboard in shaliow water and shovel- ing in the sand. They would work a month with the water up to their waists, and not get as large a cargo as a modern sand Sucker, operated by two men, can pick up in a single day. ‘ ‘ es on ee An Electric Bottle jer. From the St, Louls Globe-Democrat. The latest novelty in electrical mach is a bottle filler. The operator place range of bottles communicating pipes with the liquids to be bottled, and provided with electrically controlled valves. The flow of the liquid is established and shut off au- tomatically, the machine being set in action by the pressure of a button. ‘The oper: of opening and closing the valves a complished by two sets of electro-mag the two circulis of which are easily under the control of ihe operator. When the bot- tles are filled, the tlow is instantly cut off, and they are replaced by empty bottles and corked by an attendant. The machine is in increasing use by beer bottlers, ink and medicine manufacturers. It is claimed to be more rapid than the old siphon filler; it causes no waste, and it fills every bottle to exactly the same height, without any atien- tion from the operator. sos Why He Smilea. From Town Toples. You seem to be in high glee.” yes; great case of kidnaping out at our cottage last night.” Marks—“But I don’t see anything amus- ing about that.” Parks—“Don't? Oh, yes, there is. it’s the first time this kid ha: he was born, two months ag: jons ac- You apped