Evening Star Newspaper, October 3, 1896, Page 21

mite § THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, OCTOBER. 3, 1896~TWENTY-FOUR tty eo vine PAGES. STATE OF HAWAII What We Should Have if We Annex the Islands. AN ENGLISH-SPEAKING POPULATION Great Possibilities in Agriculture and Commerce. ANOTHER EARTHQUAKE oe Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. HONOLULU, September 17, 1896. In my last letter mention was made of political uneasiness here, growing out of suspicions entertained by supporters of the government belonging to the working classes, that the executive was not sin- cerely in favor of the annexation of these islands to the United States. Enemies of the government have been actively dis- seminating reports that Mr. Dole and his collecgues were really in sympathy with that class of sugar planters who are so short-sighted as to be unwilling to ex- change for the political stability insured by annexetion their present facility in ob- taining jatic contract labor, with which annexation would actively interfere. In fact, the president and cabinet have no such sympathies. They are heartily and all over in earnest for annexation, and anxious to secure it as soon as possible. But “hostile misrepresentation has had much effect, and many workingmen are disturbed -in mind. There {s, however, no reason to apprehend permanent error or disaffection. In a conversation with perhaps the most influential member of the cabinet he dwelt strongly upon their desire for annexation, pure and simple. A protectorate was not at all what was wanted, or anything short of absolute admission to the Union, either as state or territory. Any form of protec- torate must lack assured permanence, and so fail to assure stability of government. ‘The arrangement would be of the nature of a treaty, and always more or less Hable to abrcgation or to readjustment by Con- gress. Hawaii wants nothing short of an absolute guaranty of political permanence, with relations to the United States which are incapable of termination. Uncondi- tional annexation is the only thing that can meet the needs of Hawail. The govern- ment Is extremely anxious to enter this haven of security as soon as {it can be ar- ranged. The Possible State. Should we find favor with your next ad- ministration, and our desired admission to the Union be granted—say, within two years—the aew state or territory of Hawaii would start in with about 10,000 English- steaking whites, 15,000 white Portuguese, one-third of whom speak English; 30,000 Hawaiians, and 10,000 half-whites, one- third of the former and most of the latter speaking English, and, besides these, about 15,000 Chinese and 000 Japanese. These figures will do roughly, until we get the report of the new census, to be taken in a days. For an American state this would be an excellent beginning, especially since all, except the Asiatics and adult Portuguese, have enjoyed a good drill in the public ‘schools. It would be a rarely good begin: for an American state, in view of the fact that Americans are, and long have been, the dominant element. Hawaii is already American in its govern- ment, its public schools, its institutions, urches, its press, its commerce, its age. Since annexation would sub- stantially put an end to Asfatic immigra- tion, the future incoming population would necessarily be mainly from the United States. All experience in your annexation of French and Mexican territory proves that such nt promptly gives rise to an active American emigration, to fill up the newly acquired country. Into annexed Hawaii such an influx of American population would undoubtedly pour with accelerating rapidity. In a very few decades American settlers would out- number and overrun all the diverse ele- ments of the present small population. Finding American principles already pre- vailing, and American institutions estab- lis! i, they would not be put to the hard- ships of pioneering and assimilating in a strange and hostile soclety. They would find the social and political soil already prepered for them to take root. What would be the direct inducements promising immediate profit to such an in- ffux of American settlers? I answer that they would be vastly superior to those of a new country, where civilization and com- merce kad to be created, forests felled, and prairies broken up and fenced. There would be two main sources of occupation— from commerce and from agriculture. Manufactures will not soon be created In Hawaii, and mining {s nil in these exclu- sively voleante rocks. Commerce promises large employment for coming immigrants. Twelve large ocean steamers now visit Honolulu every month, and the number Is steadily increasing. Besides these are sail- ing vessels carrying 300,000 tons of sugar, coal, lumber and other freight annually. ‘Ihe wants of these ships alone give em- ployment to many thousands of persons and support « city population of nearly 30, G00. Of this transpacific steam commerce, an immense expansion will necessarily fo! low the opening of the Nicaragua canal. ‘That cannot long be delayed. It will at once pour a vast torrent of steam traffic from the Atlantic into this ocean. By the great length of thelr voyzge all steamers from Central America to Asia are necessi- tated to call for coal at Hawail. Inevitably ‘thus, in a few years, olr twin ports of Hon- olulu and Peari Harbor will be crowded with steamers and their supplying coal ships. Honolulu is already beginning to be over- crowded. New docks can hardly be made fast enough to accommodate the present increase of calling steamers. Pearl City. Before the Nicaragua canal {s opened, the necessity will have become immediate to dredge out the obstructing sand at Pearl bar, and open that magnificent harbor for the great steamer fleet to do its coaling there. A second @ity will immediately spring up at the point already selected, “Pearl City,” ten miles from Honolulu. Tris will supply abundant occupation for a large population of laborers, mechanics and farmers, to meet the needs of the numerous ships. Pearl City possesses a very desirable back country for farmers, whose garden, fruit and dairy products will find abundant market at the seaport. There are in that vicinity at least 20,000 acres of gcod land available for such culture, now used only for pasturage. Pearl Harbor and city take their names from the former abundance tn the lochs of a small and sweet pearl oyster, producing large num- bers of bright seed pearls. This oyster be- came extinct in consequence of being smothered by mud washed from the up- lards after thelr occupation by cattle. The lecation of Pearl City was fixed by the Presence of copious supplies of sweet water, which could be readily piped down a long tongue of land to deep-water anchorage. The business town will be on this penin- sula of 200 acres. The residence portion will be on the breezy upland in the rear. The peninsula is at present occupied by seaside cottages of Honolulu residents, at- tracted by the fine bathing and boating facilities, as well as by the delicious trade breezes across the water. When the steam fleet comes in, they will have to retire. With the present rate of increase in transpacifie steam commerce, and the im- petus to be given it by the Nicaragua canal, it is a moderate estimate that witain from ten to twenty years there will be at the two harbors a city population of 75,000. At least 25,000 people besides will find employ- ment in the neighboring country as farm- ers and gardeners, whose market will be in the seaports. So much for employment to be furnished to immigrants by the growth of commerce, which will center at Honolulu and Pearl Harbor. Now what prospect does agriculture open to immigrants from the United States? This is large and varied, and will fully justify a large and early American immigration. Coffee culture is just now meeting a great boom, and many people are already coming down from the states to engage in it. But there is besides an abundant opening for skilled agricul- turists in the production of sugar, cotton, oranges, pineapples and bananas for ex- portation. Se A Winter Resort. ‘You already know that our climate is an exceptionally pleasant one... It !s one suited to white out-door labor. The summer tem- perature rarely exceeds 85 dégrees in the shade In the afternoon. .The constant northeast trades blowing over us from @ cold California ocean ‘current effectually keep down the tropic heats, and render ours a sub-tropical climate. We know al- most nothing of the heavy, moiat heat usual in tropical islands. White men com- fortably labor out of doors al} the year round. Our nights are almost invariably cool, even at sea level. Now, ft mid-Sep- tember, in this city, the mercury in the early morning stands at from 65 degrees to 70 degrees. In the winter it will descend as low as 50 degrees, ranging to 60 degrees, and 70 degrees to 75 degrees at midday. In the coffee uplands, from 1,000 to 2,500 feet altitude, from 5 degrees to 10 degrees may be deducted from all the above tempera- tures. Thus you see that we have a climate perfectly adapted to the residence of white. farmers working with their own hands the year round. An additional element in our favor is the almost entire absence of malaria and pesti- lential maladies. Honolulu is probably the healthiest city in the world in this respect. We raise our children here in the assur- ance that they will have the usual mala- dies of measles, whooping cough, etc., in light form. We take them to the states with dread on this account. It is extremely rare for adults to be prostrated with fever, as they are in other tropical lands. Work- | ingmen here may depend on better health than anywhere in America. The only draw- back is the absence of the toning up and bracing which the keen cold of the Ameri- can winter imparts. But what can the American farmer find to do in Hawali? Before writing of coffee and fruit cul- ture, let it be said that there is always an opening for success in cultivating sugar cane. The present year’s crop is about 200,- 000 tons, netting about $65 a ton at present prices, or about $260 for the product of one acre, after milling. If ground on_ half shares, the cultivator will receive $100 an acre for a crop requiring fifteen months’ culture. Under the system usual at present on most of the plantations, the owners of the mills also cultivate the cane, employ- ing a low class of laborers, Chinese or Japanese. There is little room for capable white farmers on such plantations. Here and there, however, fields are assigned to a higher class of toilers, to be cultivated on shares. This system has already proved highly successful. In the absence of coolie labor, it would have to be generally adopt- ed. After annexation, the importations of Asiatics would cease, and most of the plantations would probably be worked on such a system of shares. This would give immediate extensive employment to a large class ef superior American immigrants. Cane Plantations. The lands in the islands,available for sugar cane are far from all being yet oo cupied. Some even believe that the present acreage of cane might be doubled. I doubt this. Probably fifty Ber cent might be add- ed to the present yield. It seems not unrea- sonable to believe that the culture of cane in Hawaii will hereafter support ten or fifteen thousand white families. When Hawaii is included in the Union, sharing equal benefit of protective dutles for cane as for beet root sugar, the cane will easily hold its own in the competition. Under our present quite advantageous reciprocity treaty, only our raw sugars are admitted free to the United States. After annexation we shall doubtless establish our own re- fineries. and ship you our white sugars, which will increase employment for white men. The subjects of coffee and fruit culture are large, requiring much space, and I must defer them for a succeeding letter. Undoubtedly, several tens of thousands of able white farmers could establish them- selves here profitably in such culture. There is room for a word about cotton. The best staples grow here of the finest quality. During the civil war, when cotton was high, several hundred bales were exported hence. There is no reason to doubt that it might again be made profitable. For one thing, it is well suited to our somewhat arid lands along the sea shore, where the best quality of sea island staple flourishes. The plant becomes a perennial, reaching a height of twelve feet, and showing abundant bolls the year round. There can be little question but that with study of its habits and im- proved treatment the cotton plant may be made a great success In Hawali. Tobacco is abundantly produced by the natives for their own use. It flourishes ad- mirably. The leaf produced {s of coarse flavor. This is probably from lack of skill in curing. Possibly the introduction of the proper bacillus for fermentation of the leaf would solve the difficulty. There certainly is no country where a large, luxuriant to- bacco leaf can be more easily produced. Whenever its culture is perfected, it must become a strong competitor for the occupa- tior of present rice and cane flelds. Of rice culture I say nothing, because the present 10,000 acres of rice are in the hands of Chinese, who will hold thelr own against whites in such farming. Another Earthquake. Hilotown, at 5 o'clock last Sunday morn- ing, had the biggest shock of earthquake that it has experienced since the bad days of 1868. A large crack was opened for near- ly half a mile through the town. One drug store had smashed a considerable portion of its stock. At the Volcano House the shock was somewhat less heavy, and the action of the lava in Kilauea appeared to be unaffected. The source of the siesmic disturbance appears to have been a little northeast of the island of Hawali. Here on Oahu nearly every one was awakened by the shock, although a light one. It was at 4:48 a.m. The earlier time was perhaps due only to the difference in longitude. KAMEHAMEHA. ——>—_—_ Dinners on the Ferris Wheel. From the Chicago Record. The management of the Forris wheel ts attempting to introduce “wheel dinner parties.” A car is reserved for any party wishing to have dinner aboard the wheel. There is plenty of room for a long table, and once the guests, the waiters and the supplies are put aboard the car, the happy company may sail through the air without interruption, while the various courses are being served. ‘The car has all the privacy of a separate dining room, and at the same time the com- pany has the open breezes and lovely views sprinkled through the proceedings. Such a dinner party might not appeal to persons who love quiet and retirement, but any one who has been accustomed to dine to the music of a brass band would prob- ably like this new excitement. ———- +00 An Intoxicated Horse. A dispatch from Stamford, Conn., says: A telephone message was received at the police office yesterday afternoon, asking that a policeman be sent to Summer street, as a horse there was acting strangely. Chief Bowman sent Policeman Kurth. He found a bay horse, owned by a Long Ridge farmer, reeling about the streets like a drunken man. Now end then the horse would fall down, and after struggling would regain his feet and stagger off again. Just as the officer was trying tc lead the ani- mal from the street the owner appeared. An investigation showed that the horse, which had been tied to the rear of another farmer's wagon, had eaten the hay from the bottom of the wagon, then poked the cover from a pail containing two gallons of hard cider. The cider had washed down the hay, and soon after the horse began to cut up the queer antics. —_—+e2—____ Her Mistake. From the San Francisco Call. : There be those who think that a woman’s reticence about disclosing her age ts not so much of a joke after all, even if it is @ time-honored theme for the newspaper humorist. A young botanist was showing a party of ladies and gentlemen through a conservatory, and explaining to them the properties of some of the choicest plants. Among the visitors was a would-be-young- looking middle-aged lady, who, at every description, volunteered the statement that the plants and flowers she had at home were quite equal to anything exhibited there; or, indeed, anywhere. ‘Just as they were passing a giant cactus she was heard to exclaim: “Well, this is nothing extrao1 have a cactus at home that is I planted and reared it myself. “Reared it yourself,” the professor gently observed. “How remarkable! This speci- men is sixty-three years old, and if yours is still larger—" The lady did not stay to hear any more, but executed a strategic movement to the rear. PPOSST SE: ‘MAYER 2% | 937-939 F St. 11 Faubourg Poissonniere, Paris. In Millinery. ( —Out of so many charming creations it’s hard to select just | one, but we have chosen a Felt Hat as an indicator of the ‘values you'll find thsoughout the department. ( Fine French Felt Hats in 4 all the shapes—the Hats that ? Promise to be the popular ues. We've marked Opening Price, 5 Cents. é In Flowers. —Our Flower Department is a regular garden of the choic- est Flowers the Frenchmen can make. You can almost imagine they’re giving out the perfume of their kind. Beautiful Silk and Velvet Roses, 3 to a bunch, in every imaginable color and shade. 40 cents usually. Opening Price, 5 Cents. In Ribbons. —Our Ribbon Department is really famous. It’s nothing un- usual for us to hear of ladies telling one another that Mayer Bros. & Co. handle the best Ribbons they can find—and ask the least for them. No. 40 Alleilk Satin and Gros Grain Ridton, in all colors. 2% cents a yard usually. = Opening Price, O Cents. Hats this season. $1.25 val- : doe: £ S54 SL AMAA AA a4 044eh4e44 i MU eh fetes PELE CEE PLES EP OPIS CESSES OEEOPEDEOCSEE OSS SOOOE SRD TODO OOD OOOO A 0900000: LEPLOILPPLOLEPOE LOO OEPOEEP EDC EEOOT OES LOSES OSES EEE EESEEEE EEE EEESEEES OTE EEE EES ESSE ESE Our Annual-Fall xihibitiom oF Paris & London Millinery, Cloaks ana Women’s Fall & Winter Wear, Monday, Oct. 5=-Lasts the Week. Next week the store is yours---belongs to all the women of Washington, individually and col- lectively---to come, to see, to be conquered. Our Annual Fall Exhibition is the holiday event of the year. A gala occasion---a time of pleasure more than business. It pleases us to Hays. you come and to admire, as we know you must, Thousands of dollars worth of goods---the most charming creations the world affords we’ve brought together under one roof. Our branch es- tablishment in Paris has enabled us to buy right on the ground of the fashion center of the world, which in itself assures a showing of all the nov- elties of the season. We are enthusiastic over the success that must attend our Opening. The things are here which tend most to delight the eyes of you women of fashion. We extend you all a most cordial invitation to come. We are anxious to have you come, for we know the visit will please you. Ir le In Gloves. -S-hook Lacing Gloves, fitted to the hand by ex pert glove fitters and warranted. Our $1.00 Glove. Opening Price, 59c. In Gloves. The Famous ¢button Real Kid Alexander Glove in all colors, that ordinarily sell for $1.59 pair. Opening Price, $1.00. In Dresses. We're going to introduce you to the finest line of Ready-made Dresses this season that have been put on this market. Black, Brown and Green Flannel Dresses, very Well made, dressmakers’ finish, very latest style of trimming. §9 Dresses. Opening Price, $5.08. 91°93 In Collarettes. Pompadour Collarettes, made of black Liberty ilk. | $1.4 at ordinary times. Opening Price, 99c. 0S &E In Wraps. In Jackets. In Capes. 937-939 F St. Faubourg Poissonniere, Paris. \ | | —Our Coat and Cape Depart- ment is filled to overflowing. Charmingly cut, well made, tastily trimmed creations from the world’s leading makers. Tan Kersey Box Coats, with shield fronts, Kersey straps, elegantly made, high rolling collar. The coat every visitor to our store stops to admire. $10 urually. Opening Price, 96.68. PAOLO APD O99 9439490. AOAESADASEMSAL SOO ORS AS —What a lot a little buys. Our opening prices this sea- son will encourage you all to be early. PPPLIDP SOD POLLO CODES 26 OL OOCL LY A Fine Black Diagonal Bon- cle Cloth Jacket, with shield front, trimmed with the buzsar effect. $12 at ordinary times. Opening Price, 58.68. FIPBOECE DOOD PLOPEEEAIC ESD SERGPOOD DOSES FOOD: —Can't buy anything like a Cape for handiness, wearing worth, or style, either. We're strong in Capes. Black Kersey Cloth Capes, with inlaid velvet collars, applique border, raw edge seams. $9 Capes. Opening Price, 96.98. SEST SPPPSS ING POSSEE IPO OH - 3 3 y PPOBO ODED POPOPPO OOO DOD EBIS EL OOGH: POGEEO SH COG) POCECHOMEDE CROCE EV EVOTOLEOHV OCHS, i583 3 \ Branch, 1 Faubourg Poissonniere, Paris. rs <s ELI OOSOLAPARE TENSES 6900O0S 0004005598290 FF SF 29F5 DOP LIOOSCOOCS SS eS oe ae ee oe ee ee SEF CS SHE HOOSOSLAEDABES —~] VERTAAL OED S OOS ODES DDESODEOS ODES EODES: es Vedeabeee ¥ ; Soee PAA PAOD APIO TII A LPLIII LS SLA LESIL LIS SLI LLILL LSS ELL ALES LANA AAT e OP ee Ee ee SATO Oa SNE TEREST EEE See LLL FLED POPPE LSP PP EP ECS SE PES SOOO SOL OO less than one dollar per week; provided further, that any subordinate lodge may Frovide by by-law that no benefits shall be paid for the first one week or two weeks of such sickness or disability.” In Place of the Visiting Card. The change in the old visiting card sys- tem, which was a very cumbrous one, and the substitution of an official receipt will be hailed, it is said, with joy by the Odd Fellows of this jurisdiction, as they now will be able to visit their brethren in Balti- more, Laurel, Alexandria and adjacent lodges without any trouble. This receipt bey be prepared and issued at an esrly late. The officers installed for the term of two years were: Grand sire, Fred. Carleton cf Austin, Texas; deputy grand sire, A. 8. Pinkerton of Worcester, Mass.; grand sec- retary, J. Frank Grant of Petersourg, Ky.; grand treasurer, M. Richards Muckle of Philadelphia, Pa.; grand chaplain, Rev. J. W. Venable of Hopkinaville, Ky.; grand marshal, R. G. Floyd of Eureka Springs, Ark.; grand guardian, E. D, Hoge of Salt Lake, Utah, and grand messenger, C. H. Lyman of Columbus, Ohio. The assistant grand secretary was not anounced hy Grand Secretary Grant, but it is thought that James B. Blanks of Petersburg, Va., will receive the appointment. Springfield, Ill, was selected as the place where next annual session will be held. aS “H. Hs” Two Graves, From the New York Post. It is given to few mortals to have more than one grave, but this is a distinction among others that attaches itself to what is earthly of “H. H.,” or Helen Hunt Jack- son. It will be remembered that she died in 1885 at Colorado Springs and that the account of her burtal was widely published. In accordance with her expressed wish, she was buried on Cheyenne mountain, on the eastern edge of the Rocky mountains, overlooking Colorado Springs and the ex- tensive plains adjacent, and itself over- looked by Pike's Peak. No more romantic spot could be conceived as the eternal abid- ing place of a sweet singer, and it was generally recognized as very fitting that go beautiful a soul should have so roman- tic a spot for her last resting place. Now, however, her remains have been removed from the mountain and repose in a city grave. The mountain was not own- ed by Mr. W. C. Jackson, her husband, and, the canon being & beautiful one and an object being established as a pilgrim- age for tourists, who are very numerous here, the spot became much frequented. Thus its seclusion became much qualified by the number of the pilgrims, some of whom came on a sméll army of burros and picnicked in the vicinity. It became @ pardonable duty to place a stone on the grave, and a not inconsequential pyramid or mound grew up. But the demon of gain made a ‘business of the opportunity; the owners of the méunt asked a toll of each person visiting the spot by the only possible trail, and thé matter became so Scandalous that Mr. Jackson peremptorily ordered the remains removed to the ceme- tery of Colorado Springs. The cemetery is on a knoll southeast of the springs and is not beautiful, save for some old and weird pines. One or two of these are very picturesque. ‘“H. H.'s" grave is in a spot bare of trees and othe! wise most commonplace. A polished gran- ite slab tells where she lies. Within thirty feet of the grave a modest stone tells where Ernest Whitney lies, a graduate of Yale, 1882, a former instructor in the university, @ poet who sang sweetly, and whose verse is often quoted here. He died of con- sumption in 1893. - Meantime the mountain grave is still an actuality. The mound remains, and is known as “H. H.'s” grave, and the pil- grimages are as frequent as of yore, and many a stone is added to the pile. Next year is the centennial of the stove- nee which first came into common use THE THREE LINKS Interesting Points for the Proceedings of the Sovereign Grand Lodge. Changes in the Laws in Regard to Visiting Cards, Sick Benefits, &c— Increase in Membership. The seventy-second session of the Sov- ereign Grend Lodge of the Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows, which was held in Dallas, Texas, adjourned sine die last Sat- day afternoon. Every effort was made to close up the proceedings so that the repre- sentatives could take a trip to Monterey, Mexico, or return to their respective juris- dictions. Grand Representatives Wm. P. Allan and Fred A. Stier reached this city on Tuesday afternoon six hours late. The reception given the delegates was one that each will cherish as a happy memory of their short stay in Dallas. ‘The grand secretary's report showed that the greatest increase in membership in the subordinate lodges occurred in the state of New York, the number being 2,542, followed by Massachusetts with 1,252, Illinois with 1,176 and Virginia, 1,125. The greatest in- crease in membership in the Rebekah branch of the order occurred in Iowa, the number being 3,255; Illinois with 2,651; In- diana, 1,923; Massachusetts, 1,833, and Mis- sourt, 1,826. The amount of relief expended during the past year aggregated $3,333,- 928.14, an increase over the preceding year of $10,611.18. Among the amendments proposed to the constitution of the Sovereign Grand Lodge was one which sought to give past grand sires all the rights of grand representa- tives, which was defeated—83 yeas, 94 nays. It is said this matter will be brought up again next year. The reason that was advanced for de- feating this amendment was that, while the Sovereign Grand Lodge was always glad and willing to have the past grand sires with them at each session, in order that they might be able to profit by their experience, still they were opposed to per- mitting or clothing them with the rights of grand representatives, because it would be manifestly unfair to certain jurisdictions. The expense of past grand sires while at- tending the sessions are always paid by the order at large. Aged Odd Fellows’ Fund. Probably the most important legislation of the session was the giving to Grand Lodges the right at their discretion to create, maintain and dispense an “aged Odd Fellows’ fund,” under certain condi- tions, for the relief of those brothers who have served twenty-five years in the or- der and who, throvgh no fault of their own, have been deprived of the benefits of the order through their lodges having become defunct and depriving them of membership. Some provision for the re- lef of such members has been sought for years, and the enactment of the measure causes, it is stated, general satisfaction. ‘The well known “benefit law” was amend- ed to read, “That it be, and is, hereby made obligatory upon each sudordinate icdge of the order to pay from its funds, éuring the continuance of the disability, a weekly benefit of not less than two dol- lars to every member entitled to sick bene- fits by the constitution or by-laws of his Icdge, who shali be disabled by sickness or bodily injury, from following his usual occupation or otherwise earning @ liveli- hcod for himself; provided, such disability be rot the result of his own vice or im- morality; provided, however, that subordi- nate grand lodges may provide that when @ member shall have received one full year’s benefits the weekly benefits thi after to such member may be fixed ag E... PENNSY MAKING EXTENSIONS. Gonfidence Shown in the Stability of the Money Market. Improvements Projected for an Im- portant Territory Now Only Partially Covered. The Pennsylvania Railway Company have, it is stated, become so thoroughly convinced that there will be no violent dis- turbance of the money market as a result of the election in November, that they have prepared plans for extending their lines in Maryland and southern Pennsyl- vania to such an extent that the expend- iture of a large amount of money will be neceesary, and many men now out of work be given employment. One of these im- provements is the extension of what is known as the York Southern railway, a ‘controlling interest in which was a few months ago acquired by the Pennsylvania from its present terminus at Delta, Pa., through Harford county, Md., to Magnolia Station, on the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore railway. The line of the York Southern, so far as constructed, runs through a magnificent section of the coun- try, and its business has been increasing since the first day it was opened for public use. The road starts from its junction with the Northern Central railway at York, and runs to the slate region of Delta, where it ends rather abruptly. At present all shipments intended for points along the Southern from the south have to go to York over the Northern Central railway, which makes considerably more hauling necessary than will be the case after the proposed extension is completed, and by the Pro] plan a connecting link will be made that will reduce the distance by rail from Delta to Baltimore and Washington at least five miles. At the present time to come from that part of Pennsylvania to Baltimore alone and transact any business requires more than a day, but by the new qoute the trip could be made in a very short ime. Further Improvement. Another improvement projected by the Pennsylvania is the continuation of what is known as the Stewartstown railroad, which runs from Stewartstown, Penn., to Bel Air, Md., where it will form a junction with the York Southern, thus giving the latter an outlet to Baltimore from the state line other than by the way of the Baltimore and Lehigh, a narrow gauge road, which extends from Baltimore to Bel Air. The Stewartstown road extends from the Northern Central railway at New Free- dom, Pa., not quite forty miles from Balti- mere, to Stewartstown, a distance of seven miles. Remarkable to state, there is not a dollar of debt on the road, and for its size it ts considered to be one of the best paying lines in the country. It was built at a cost of about $70,000. The purpose of the plan now under consideration is to con- tinue the road from Stewartstown to Bel Air, a distance of about twenty-five miles, and there connecting with the York South- ern. These important railroad develop- ments have been under consideration for some time, but it has only been recently that any considerable activity in the matter has been shown. Within the past few weeks engineers have been at work making surveys for the extension and they are now placing pegs to mark the route they have gone over. There is much enthusiasm among the land owners along the surveyed route, and it Is said that without exception they have donated the right-of-way. It is expected that but little, if any, trouble will be experienced in pushing the work to an early completion. An Electric Extension Abandoned. It is understood that a few months ago the Pennsylvania officials were thinking very seriously about extending the road from Stewartstown to Fawn Grove, a dis- tance of ten miles, and ultimately from there to Delta, seven miles further, and the plan was to use electricity as a motive power. The people along the line of the proposed extension, however, wanted @ steam road built and appealed to the Stew- artstown company, otherwise the Pennsyl- vania, to extend that branch. Besides this, the railroad company found that the laws of the state governing the operation of electric railway lines interfered. Accord- ing to the present law a Ine can only be run in Pennsylvania by electricity for pas- sengers. There is, it is said, no law per- mitting the hauling of freight, mail or ex- press, all of which the company would ex- pect to haul over its road, so that if the road were extended steam would have to be the motive power. It is reported that plans are in contempla- tion by which a much closer business ar- rangement will be made between the Peun- sylvania and the Baltimore and Lehigh than has heretofore been the case, which will be to the mutual interest of both parties. —_.__ Scientifically Described. From the Lewiston (Me.) Saturday Journal. A Lewiston lady has two sons. One of them was obliged to submit to a somewhat painful though not dangerous surgical operation the other day. The doctor, with his instruments, did the work and went away. After he had gone the lady, while looking around, found one of the doctor's instru- ments. She picked it up carefully, washed it in a solution of carbolic acid, and sent it to the doctor with a polite little note. The messenger came back with the in- strument and a note saying: “Dear Mrs. M.: You are very kind, but the instrument is not mine. I do not know just what it Is, but I have an idea that it is used to hypo- dermically inject oxygen, hydrogen, nitro- gen and other component gases, and to correct a debilitated, flabby and inchoate punctured rim of air. In other. words, I think that If you show it to your other son he will tell you what it is.” She carried it to her boy and said: “Whose is this?” “My bicycle pump. She tossed the nickel-plated thing at him and went away smiling. er Tacks. From Hardware. : ‘The smallest article in tl trade is a tack. I find that small nail, a fastening. The word is found in Celtic speech, though rooted in Aryan. It is really a “stack,” but somewhere in the shuffle the " got lost. It is met with in such mon English words as “stack,” “attack,” “stake,” “take,” etc. You “tack” a carpet on the floor; and at times “attack” an enemy. If you do not live in a prohi- bition state, as I do, you may sometimes “take” a drink; “tackle” a big watermelon at night when the moon goes behind a cloud; become “attached” to some fellow’s sister; “stack” your arms; “stake” your money on a populistic candidate for Presi- dent; swear out an “attachment” on a de- Unquent subscriber to Hardware, and in each of the words the busy little iron “tack” is in it for blood. If you go sailing you “tack” your boat by “attaching” a rope that is “‘attached” to the lower corner of a square sail, to the windward side of the boat; the rope is called a “tac! and it is the “attaching” of the “tack” that causes the boat to “tack” and go on an- otker “tack.” Turn it about as you may, that busy little fastener keeps getting in its work. PRAYER FOR ARMENIANS The Society of Christian Endeavor to Plead Their Cause. Piteous Story of Three Refugees in New York From the Co: tinople Massacres. Secretary Baer of the United Society of Christian Endeavor has received a cable- Sram from President Clark, who is attend- ing the Scotch Christian Endeavor con- vention in Glasgow, stating that the Scotch Endeavorers suggest to all Endeavorers throughout the world that the second week in November be celebrated as a season of prayer for suffering Armenia. Mr. Baer, by cable, pledged to the Scotch Endeavor- ers the hearty co-operation of Americans. Three women, who say they were on the scene of the recent Turkish massacres, are at Ellis Island, N. Y., Their names are Belzar Malachian, aged forty; Christine, eighteen, and Angele, fourteen. They speak English, though they are Armenians. An- gele says she was a teacher in the Scottish mission at Constantinople. When the massacres began she and her mother and sister were at Haskeny, a village nm Stamboul. 4s a “We heard that the Kurds were coming,” sald Angele, “and hid in a cistern and aunder the roofs of our house. My sister, We next went to the house of an English lady, and from there got away and came to New York. The Turks and Kurds rushed into the house and killed all the Armenian males they could find. The soldiers used sticks and stones and beat the men to death. The boys they tied up by the feet. The soldiers did not touch the women, except to insult them with words. They id the sultan had so ordered it. When we left the vil- lage our slippers were wet with blood that ran down the streets. Five hundred males were killed in Haskeny and 300 in Stam- boul. The soldiers insulted the American flag, saying it had no power in that coun- try. The day before the massacre began Spanish Jews went through the village and put a red mark on the doors of Armen- ians. Some Armenian young men put red marks on the houses of the Jews and a lot of them were killed. The Jews are the cause of the trouble to the Armenians. All the property we had they destroyed and our clothing they burned up. The people hid in the church, but the soldiers followed them and killed the men. The three women are going to Worcester, Mass., to a son of Mrs. Malachian, who works in a factory there. Mrs. Susan Fessenden of Boston, presi- dent of the Massachusetts Woman's Chris- tian Temperance Union, has received a cablegram from Miss Frances E. Willard, desiring Massachusetts to entertain thirty Armenian refugees until work can be found for them. Miss Willard cabled as follow “These poor people are dying in Marseilles. Who will giye a cup of cold water ‘in His name’ and take into his or her home one or more of these ‘little ones?’ —_—_—eo—__ Jewish Quarter of Fes B: ed. The Jewish quarter of Fez, the principal city of the empire of Morocco, has been burned and several persons have perished and many have been fatally injured. Five hundred of the residents of the burning quarter were compelled to fly in an unclad condition to the country until the flames were quenched. It is estimated that there are 10,00) Jews in Fez out of a total popu- lation of 100,000. Lord Salisbury dislikes smoking, and nev- er enters a smoking room if he can avoid it