Evening Star Newspaper, July 31, 1896, Page 11

HER HEARING RESTORED Miss Mason Had Become Very Deaf and Miserable. HER EARS THROBBED TERRIBLY ‘Her Complete Cure Another in the Long List That Testifies to the Marvelous Skill of Doctors McCoy and Cowden. MeCO¥Y TREATMENT FOR DEAFNESS ECAUSE IT IS HEALING AND SOOTH- QUIETING, AND BECAUSE IN RE- HE DISEASE IT DOES AWAY WITH YELLING AND INFLAMMATION THAT & TUBES IN THE EAR AND PRE- VENT THE ENTRANCE OF AIR BEHIND THE EAR DRUM. THE NEW TREATMENT OF DEAF- NESS IS SIMPLY A MATTEL OF SCIENCE, COU- PLED WITH THE LAWS OF THE HIGHER COMBINED WITH COMMON, OF EVERYDAY SE IN TREATING THE 1 H OF TIME REQU FOR A CURE DEPENDS ENTIRELY ON THE ‘THI FIRST, HOW MUCH OF THE STACHIAN TUBE IS DISEASED AND CLOSED ‘OND, HOW LONG THE DEAFNESS HAS. CURES Bi AND MECHANICS, DINARY, DEAFN: A THIRD, HOW FAITHFULLY THE IENT IS CARRIED OUT BY THE PA- IN RECENT CASES OF DEAFNESS THE WHICH CAU THE CONDITION NoT PASSED FAR WITHIN THE TUBE AND IS SOON CURED. IN LONG-STANDING CASES MORE OF THE TUBE IS AFFECTED AND WW TAKES A LONGER TIME TO EFFECT A CURE. Miss Sallie S. Mason, 1531 Sixth st. northwest: “I was very deaf when I went to Doc- tors Mcte could and Cowden. With my right ear I “t hear a sound. My loss of hearing came nls. There was a terrible throbbing in my ears, especially severe when I was Iying down. “I attended the exercises at the Dennison school on the closing day, aud it was extremely ann ing to me not to be able to understand anything. It was the same when I attended the Mount Ver- M. Church. Although the pastor, Rev. D: has a clear, distinct volee, I could under- stand few of bis remarks. “£5 mM Was preseriled for me, which I hope of finding relief. It made me Deaf as 2 Post. entinually obliged to ask that question ted. I became utterly treatment of Drs. MeCoy and Cow- wearing bas been completely restored. I as well as I id in my life, and the in my ear: den my hear tment, attracting. th Doetors MeCoy “d for a tim th sire of nm and noted by ws AS possible in the offices of the Ns whieh Doctor MeCoy has instituted M at 713 13th st. nw. McCoy Systemof Medicine Dr. J. Cresap McCoy, Dr. J. M. Cowden, Consulting Physicians. 715 13th Street Northwest. Office Hours, 9 to 12 a.m., 1 to 5 p.m., 6 to S p.m. dally; Sunday, 10 a.m. to DOCTOR Met MONOGRAPH MAILED ON APPLICA- LY INTERESTED IN CONDITION. Boy in Knickerbockers and Skirt Wins in a Bicycle Race. a the Long Branch Breeze. aring knickerbockers and a managed to smuggle himself handicap bicycle race here ume in first at the finish. He was soon found out and disqualified,though me of the friends of the girls wanted to him more severe punishment. The race was Miss nette Weil was awarded first prize, a gold belt; Mrs. Flora Roos secured second e. a gold smelling bottle; Miss Hattie e in third, and secured a heavy and Miss Li ra Foss was e chain. There e the boy, who was 'y several of the gentlemen having in charge more as a joke than listanee was one and three-quarters from the flag pole, in front of the . to the Atlantic Hotel and ‘ostumes worn by th2 riders pretty. There was an unusal front of the hotel and along the and the racers were cheered lustily. s were Jeanneite Weil, Hattie Baum, Flora Roos, Leonora ein and an un- The riders weve interfered with + and two dropped out. Tne un- known, who proved to be the boy, came in ahead, followed by those in the order reut The starte Well, Floss! named. Miss Jeannette Weil ran into Miss Roos during the race and was knocked off, but she tinued to the end of tne race, when she fainted. It was several nours be- fore she recovered consciousness, The win- ner’s time was six minutes and thirty sec- onds. ————— +0 Talking im Signs. From the Delaware College Review. Prof. Kirkwood kad a habit in the class room of doing many things by signs. If he wished the work erased from the board he indicated it by a system of motions, and so If he wanted a door opened or closed, or a -vindow raised or lowered. One spring day he wantel a window lowered. He pointed out a student and then motioned to the window. The student did not under- stand, and so he repeated the motions more vigorously than before. The student, still failing to understand, the gesticulations became more emphatic. Finally, thinking that something must be dore, the student rushed to the window and jumped out. SICK-POISON. WHAT IT IS AND WHERE IT COMES FROM. is what makes you sick, irritates yeur nerves, disorders your functions, saps your strength, makes you miserable. Different diseases have different poisons, some have several, indigestion more than any. ‘That is, the symptoms of indigestion are causcd Uy the pelsons which are created by undigested food. When you are sick, try to get rid of your polson. It is often easier than you think, for all nature is helping yon. Only the poison is obstinate, but the first step .s to go to the root of it. ‘The poisons of undigested food, which canse leth- arzy. headache, dizziness, weakness, bad taste, stomach ache, fever, flatulence, nausea, constipa- Uon, loss of appetite, Jaundice, anaemia, neuralgia, rheumatism, ete., these polsons can be swept away and acnibilated by the Shaker Digestive Cordial. Curlg the stomach and helping {t to digest food, When it Is too weak to de so by Itself, will purify your system of poiscn and renew your strength and health. Shaker Digestive Cordial, a pure, vegetable, di- Seative tonte, made by the Shakers of Mount Leba- non, will cure all disorders caused by the polsons of undigested food when nothing else will give any relief. ‘Sold by druggisis. Ten cents for a trial bottle. Write for a book on food. Address The Shakers, @0 Reade st., New York. 2s Sick-potson THE FINANCIAL QUESTION DISCUSSED THE EVENING STAR, FRIDAY, JULY 31, 1896-TWELVE PAGES. Arguments Affecting Wage Earners’ In- terests Both for Sound Money and for Free Silver. Extracts From Utterances of Secre- tary Carlisle, J. H. Teller, A. J. Warner, Representatives Towne and McCleary. ‘The general interest manifested through- out the country over the financial discus- sion now prevailing, “the battle of the standards,” is apparent also in the District of Columbia. While there is no voting in the national capital the fact that it is the seat of government, the republic's poiltical center, and that the national voting in which it does not participate decides for it the make-up of its municipal government, causes the District to follow the November balloting and the preceding campaign with a concern that is more than merely philo- sophical. This interest is intensified in the present struggle by the fact that its great issue is not partisan, not even political, but a business question, affecting directly the individual financial interests of every man and woman, whether residing in the dis- franchised District or in a state of the Union. ‘The politicians assume that what is called the business class of the community is pretty generaily committed to the sound money side of the controversy, and not much missionary labor is devoted to it. The farming element, which is supposed to tend toward the free silver side, and the wage- earning class, which is thought to be divided, furnish the fields which promise the most fruitful results to financial argu- ment. * The arguments addressed to farmers, as such, have little local interest to the urban population of the District. But the capital has large wage-earning class, among whom, for the purposes of this discussion, may be ranked the employes of the govern- ment, numbering more than 20,000, and the workingmen engaged in manufactures, who also, according to the last census, exceeded 29,000 in number, The discussion of the financial question in its relation to the interests of the work- ingmen has consequentiy an important lo- cal interest, and in response to a growing demand from its readers for formation upon both sides of the subject The Star today reproduces the standard arguments addressed to the wage-earners by the re- spective advocates of the gold and silver financial systems. Secretary Cariisle opens the sound money. Mr. Teller, Gen. a debate for ner and Represeniative Towne follow for free silver, and Representative McCleary closes for sound money. OPENING THE DEBATE. Secretary Carlisle's Speech to the Chicago Workingmen. One of the most prominent arguments in behalf of sound money for the wage earne! and the one that is being most extensively circulated !s the address of Secretary Car- lisle of the Treasury Department before the labor organizations of Chicago, April 15 last. The Wage-Earner's Interest in Good Money. “Whether the general business of the peo- ple shall be transacted with good money or bad money,” said Mr. Carlisle, “‘whether the wages of labor shall be paid in a sound and stable currency, with full purchasing power in the markets where they are exchanged for the necessaries of life, or in a de- preciated and fluctuating currency, having no fixed value and therefore bearing no permanent relation to the current prices of commodities, are questions which affect the comfort and happiness of every home and the peace and prosperity of every com- munity. While all are deeply interested in the settlement of these questions, it is un- fortunately the case that all will not be equally affected by an erroneous decision upon them. The wealthy man, the man who has accumulated property or hoarded money, is always exempt from many of the most serious consequences of a financial or industrial disturbance. He has both means and credit, and while he may be subjected to much loss and inconvenience, neither he nor his family will be pinched by hunger, or compelled to go without raiment or shel- ter. ‘The Poor First Feel Depression. “It is the poor man and the man of mod- erate means—the man who has not been fortunate enough to accumulate property or money, but who depends upon his wages or upon the products of his own labor for the means of supporting himself and his family—that always feels the first and most disastrous effects of a business or industrial depression, no matter whether it results from a depreciated and fluctuating currency or from other causes. Such a man has nothing to dispose of but his labor, and nothing with which to support him- self or his family,but his wages or the pro- ceeds of his own labor, and any policy that even temporarily suspends or ob- structs the industrial progress of the coun- try by diminishing the demand for the pro- ducts of labor, or by impairing the capacity or disposition of capital to employ labor, must be injurious to his interests and in- flict more or less suffering upon all who are dependent upon him. Labor cannot be hoarded; the idle day is gone forever; lost ‘wages are never reimbursed; and, theré- fore, steady employment and good pay in good money are essential to the comfort and happiness of the American laborer and is wife and children, and he will be un- faithful to himself and to them if he does not insist upon the adoption and mainte- nance of such a policy as will most certain- ly preserve the value and stability of all our currency and promote the regular and profitable conduct of all our industrial en- terprises. He cannot prosper when the country is in distress, when its industries are prostrated, its commerce paralyzed, its credit broken down or its social order dis- turbed; nor can he prosper when the fluc- tuations of the currency are such that he cannot certainly know the value of the dol- lar in which his wages are paid, or estimate in advance the cost of the necessaries of life. Prosperity or Failure Involved. “Whether we shall or shall not have a long period of financial, commercial and industrial disturbance in this country, and whether labor shall be deprived of perma-. nent employment or be partially employed A. J. War-! and inadequately paid, are questions direct- ly and necessarily involved in the demand now seriously made by many of our fellow citizens that the United States, without the co-operation of any other government in the world, and in opposition to the established policy, of every other great civilized and commércial nation, shall authorize the free and unlimited coinage of full legal-tender silver at the rate of 16 to 1, notwithstand- ing the true market ratio between the two metals is about 31 to 1; or, in other words, that the United States alone shall declare by law that sixteen ounces of silver are equal in value to one ounce of gold, when it +| is an indisputable fact everywhere recog- nized that in all the markets of the world, in silver-standard countries, as well as in gold-standard countries, sixteen ounces of silver are worth only about one-half as much as one ounce of gold, and will pur- chase only about one-half as much of the necessaries of life. What Free Coinage Really Mean: “The naked proposition is that the United States shall coin, at the public expense, for the exclusive benefit of the individuals and corporations owning the bullion, all the silver that may be presented at the mints into dollars containing 371 1-4 grains of pure silver, or 412 1-2 grains of standard silver, worth intrinsically about 51 or 52 cents, deliver the coins to the depositors of the bullion, and compel all the other people in the country to receive these coins at a valuation of 100 cents each in payment of debts due them for property sold, for labor and service of all kinds, for pensions to soldiers and sailors and their widows and children, for losses sustained under policies 1 issued by life and other insurance compa- nies, for deposits in savings banks, trust companies, building associations and other irstitutions, for debts due to widows and orphans by guardians, executors and ad- ministrators of decedents’ estates and other trustees, for salaries of all civil, military and naval officials, and the compensation ef private soldiers and seamen, and, in short,-for every kind of obligation recog: nized by the laws of the land, exce in cases where the prudent capitalist has taken the precaution in advance to contract for payment of debts due to him in gold or its equivalent. One Immediate Effect. “To say nothing of the gross partiality and manifest injustice cf such a po! its immediate effect would be to contract our currency to the extent of about $620, 000,000 by stopping the use of gold as méney and putting a premium upon the coins of that metal equal. or about equal, to the difference between the intrinsic value of the gold dollar and the intrinsic value of the silver dollar. Gold coins would at once become a commodity, and would be bought and sold by speculators in the | market just as they were during the war, ; When we had a depreciated paper cur- renc The value of the silver dollar vould fluctuate from day to day, moving ap and down with the rise and fall of the commercial price of the bullion contained in it, as the Mexican dollar does now, and the premium on the gold dollar would, of course, fluctuate to the same extent, thus affording an opportunity to bullion brokers and speculators to buy and sell it at a profit. It would cease to be used as money because no man would pay his debts in gold dollars or in paper redeemable in | gold dollars worth 10) cents, when the law | permitted him to pay it in sliver dollars | worth only 51 or 52 cents. The sudden | withdrawal of 620,000,000 from the volume of currency in the country would undoubt- ‘edly prodvce a financial and industrial di | turbance far more disastrous to the |terests of labor than ever been ex- perienced in our history, and no man who ‘has a particle of sympathy for working | men and women and their dependent fam- |ilies can contemplate the possibility of stch a calamity without feeling that It is | his duty, whether he occupies a public or private station, to employ every honorable s at his command to avert it. “While the sudden expulsion of $120,000,- | 000 in gold from our stock of money would he in itself suificient to create a financial disturbance unparalleled in the history of this or any other country, the situation would be very greatly aggravated by the fact that the purchasing power of all the remainder of our currency would sud- denly be reduced about one-half; we should | have only about two-thirds as much cur- rency as we have now, and at the same | time it would be so dépreciated in value | that it would require about twice as much as we have now to transact the business of the country, provided there should be any busiress to transact. “In the general confusion and disorder resulting from such a radical measure, what will be the condition of the Ameri- can laborer? Will he be benefited or in- jured by reducing the value of the money in which his wages are paid, and at the sare time increasing the prices of the commodities for which his wages are ex- perded? Effect on the Wage Workers. “After struggling for more than a quar- ter of a century, through labor organiza- tions and ovherwise, to secure a rate of wages which would make the proceeds of a Gay’s work equal to the cost of a day’s subsistence for the workingman and his family, you are asked by the advocates of free coinage to join them in destroying one-half of tke purchasing power of the money in which you are paid, and impose upon yourselves the task of doubling the nominal amount of your wages hereafter; that is, to struggle for another quarter of a century, or perhaps longer, to raise your wages in a depreciated currency to a point which will enable you to purchase with them as much of the necessaries of life as you can purchase now; and if, after years of contention, privation and industrial dis- order, you should at last succeed in so ad- justing wages that they would procure at the higher prices of commodities just what they will procure now at the existing prices, what would you have gained by the change from the oid to the new conditions? The Fallacy of Fifty-Cent Dollars. “Money received for wages, like money received on every other account, is valuable only to the extent that it can be exchanged for other commodities, and it is scarcely necessary to suggest that a dollar worth 50 cents will not purchase as much in the markets as a dollar worth 100 cents. To call a dime a dollar would add nothing whatever to its intrinsic value or purchas- ing power; it would still buy only a dime’s worth of goods. If these propositions are correct, it is clear that when wages are paid in a depreciated currency the rates of wages must be increased in proportion to the depreciation of the money, and in proportion to the increase in the prices of other things, or the laborer will suffer a Joss. But I affirm that it is the universal rule that the rates of wages do not in- crease in proportion to the depreciation in the value of the money in which they are paid, and that when the currency is depre- ciated the rates of wages do not inorease in proportion to the increase in the prices of the commodities the laborer is compelled to purchase. If there has been a single ex- ception to this rule in this or in any other country, my investigations have not enabled me to find it, and I do not believe one can be found.” Secretary Carlisle then quoted from the Teport on prices made in 1803, by the Sen- ate subcommittee on finance. He said: “As stated heretofore, Congress, early in the year 1862, inaugurated the policy of is- suing legal-tender paper, gold was driven out of circulation, specie payments were suspended, the currency began at once to depreciate, and before the close of the year the paper dollar was werth less than 76 cents in gold. From the time the deprecia- tion began the price of commodities and the wages of labor were paid in paper cur- rency and the injurious effect upon the in- terests of the laboring man is clearly shown in the report referred to. ‘Workingmen the Sufferers. “In 1862 the wages of labor, paid in de- in- 7 preciated paper, were leas than 8 per cent higher In paper than. when paid in gold, but the prices of the 23 articles used by the laborers and other pecple in the main- tenance of. their famijies were nearly 18 per cent higher than they were when paid in gold; in 1863 the wagés of labor paid in depreciated paper worth about 60 cents on the dollar were 10% per cent higher than when paid in gol} but the prices of the articles the labore had to buy with his wages were nearly per cent higher; in 1804 the wages of tebor paid in depre- ciated paper dollars worth 49 cents each had advanced 23% per cent, but the prices of the necessaries of Jife had advanced 90% per cent; in 1805 wages paid in paper currency worth 63 cents on the dollar had advanced 43 per cent above the rates pre- viously paid in gold, or tts equivalent, but the prices of commodities had advanced nearly 117 per cent—that is to say, had more than doubled; and in 1866 wages paid in a currency worth 71 cents on the dol- lar had advanced a fraction more than 52 per cent from the previous rates in gold or its equivalent, pul the prices of commodi- tles had advanced 90 per cent. The rise in the rates of wages Never corresponded with the rise in the prices of other things until the year 186),-four years after the close of the war, when the value of our currency was 71 cents on the dollar, and it was quite certain that no further depre- ciation would occur. In 1860 this coun- try was on a gold basis and had been on that basis for many years under the op- eration of the acts of 1834 and 1837. Wages were then paid in gold or its equivalent, end by reducing the wages paid in a de- Preciated currency to a gold basis and comparing them with the rates paid in gold in 1860 we shall have another demonstra- tion of the injurious effects of cheap ™erey on the interests of the laborer. “On this basis the laborer received 76 cents and 2 milis in 1863, instead of the gold dollar he received in 1880; in 1864 he re- ceived 80 cents and 8 mills instead of a gold dollar, and in 1865 he received 68 cents and 2 mills instead of a gold dollar. “In other words, the wages of labor, Measured by gold as they were in 1800, when we had a sound currency, had fallen akout 24 per cent in 1863, more than 19 per cent in 1864, and nearly 44 per cent in 1865, when we had a depreciated currency, and, gentlemen, the force of this illustra- tion is greatly augmented by the facts that these reductions in the rates of wages oc- curred at a time when several hundred thousand Jaborers had been withdrawn from the field of competition, when the government was engaged in the prosecu- tion of a great war and was expending money lavishly for all kinds of supplies for the army and navy, and when the prices of all the products of labor had largely in- creased. Surely if there ever can be a time when an abundance of cheap money will increase the wages and improve the condition of laboring men these results ought to have been accomplished under the combination of favorable circumstances existing, especially in the great centers of indus from 1861 to 1865, and yet there has been no other period in our history when the rates of wages fell so rapidly or so low FOR FREE SILVER. Arguments by J. ler, A. J. War- ner and Representative Towne. The advocates of free silver for the wage- earner quote as one oftheir authorities from “The Battle of the'Standards,” writ- ten by James H. Teil# with introduction by Senator Henry M. ‘Pelfér. In this it is stated as follows: Hs “It being established that the general level of prices has steadily fallen for twen- ty years—that is, that ahe,products of labor have fallen in value—it would be strange, indeed, if w had not fallen also. We can hardly conceive of the possibility that © employer should genéfously suffer the ire fall in the pricé of his products to taken from his profits, leaving labor its former share. As a matter of fact, we know that this has not-been done. “Sir Robert Giffen sav: Nominal reduc- tion must come somehow! unl there is to be a real rise in wages, The visible op- portunity of employers isy of course, the ‘city of employment, and the di gan- ization, of industry. which attends a great fall of prices: but employers would ob- viously be unable to continue paying, for any length of time, really increased wages. There is no Fortunatus’ purse which would not quickly be exhausted in such an at- tempt.’ “The propositicn under consideration is based upon the scale of wages paid in a few favored lines of employment. Those rates have been kept up by the labor unions, but we ail know with what a desperate struggle their scales have been maintained. The qvestion is not what have a few la- borers received,but how is labor as a whoie compensated? It is not enough that two- thirds of the laborers receive good wages, while the one-third receive little or nothing. The Rate of Wages for Labor. “Do even those who are employed at good wages derive any real benefit from a situa- tion which imposes upon them the duty not only of contributing large sums to labor union funds for maintaining the scale, but, also, of aiding in the support of friends and relatives who are out of employment? It is a fact beyond dispute that there are today in the civilized world millions of laborers who are out of employment or working short time, and the average compensation of labor is far below tlie rate of twenty years ago. It is this fact, the pitiable con- dition of the fast increasing army of the unemployed, which makes bimetallism a vital question and arouses the honest stu- dent of monetary science to renewed effort in its behalf. “But what profits it a poor man that prices are low if he has not the money to purchase? This is the real situation; falling prices have narrowed the field of profitable employment of labor, and the laborer has no work and-no money. If the condition of labor {3 so satisfactory, why do we read al- most daily’ of some despondent workman, tired of the Vain effort to secure WORKS put- ting an end toa miserenie ET ae Have vages been kept up in England? weRisine prices do not injure the laborer, ond it Is not true that his wages wil not for a long time be advanced. As a rule economists have hitherto agreed that labor was the last to receive a benefit from advaneing prices. This proposition is de- nied, however, by so profound a thinker «s Professor Cairnes. He-maintains that de- mend for commodities must be the prin- cipal cause of an advance in prices, and as demand on the part of labor—constitut- ing a considerable part of the total demand —can come only from an existing ability to purchase, an increase in wages must of necessity be one of the chief causes of rising prices, and, to a: considerable de- gree, precede it. But there are other grounds for believing that labor will ob- tain its share in the adyance without any great delay. - The statistics of labor upon which the economic ithéory under con- sideration was built ; rélate to labor in past times, when the er was far less independent than he js 4pday. Then he took what was offered.and was thankful for it.” Now he kndws»his rights and dares maintain them. ‘Labor is organized as never before, and Hirg# numbers act as a unit. When we sed'tith what despera- tion, and with what syc¢ess, too, organ- ized labor has resisted-aeutting down of wages, can we doubit: that when prices advance labor will participate in the ac- cruing benefits? oF 2) Labor Would: Not Suffer. ‘When there is an igor@ased demand for labor, under the stimulus of advancing prices, all labor will pengfit by the terms obtained by organized Yabor. It will be the reverse of present cofiditfons. Now, how- ever high the nominal wages, there is no benefit to the laborer who has no work. Then there will be empleyment for all, and the wages must be on a scale approximat- ing an average of all wages. The rates se- cured by organized labor will thus help to raise all wages. It is evident, then, that the fears expressed by the advocates of the gold standard, lest the laborer suffer, are not well founded. In any event, it would be better to have some wages than none at all, and that would be the effect of the change as to many, who, with higher prices, would find employment at some figure, whereas now they have none. “Were labor fully employed and all kinds of business in a prosperous condition, there would be no excuse for a proposal to lessen the value of money. But that is not the situation of today. Appreciating money threatens ruin to the industries of the na- tion; not only threatens, but has already brought ruin and distress to a large part of the people. It is not a question whether or not the money in the savings banks shall lose some of its purchasing power, but whether even a part of this money may be saved to the depositors. For nothing is more evident than that if improvement fn | trade and a larger demand for labor do not come soon, the deposits of the poor must be used for their subsistence. They have already drawn heavily upon their savings, &s appears clearly from reports of many of the savings banks, and especially from the experience of the building and loan as- soclations of the.country. Thousands of stockholders have not only been compelled to cease paying on their stock, but to with- draw that already paid in. The laboring man is more concerned in getting employ- ment and living wages than in maintaining the high purchasing power of his little sav- ings, while he consumes them in idleness, with no hope of anything but the poor house when his money ts gone.” What Gen. Warner Says. Gen. A. J. Warner, president of the American Bimetallic Union, in discussing free silver and the wage earners, said: “It has somewhere been said that fools utter what knaves concetye. At any rate, it is certain enough that many things that are repeated in a parrot-like way about money have been artfully shaped to give a surface appearance of truth and then set agoing for the purpose of blinding and mis- leading those who are not well enough versed in monetary science to at once pene- trate the veil of error that disguises the real truth. And it is surprising to find how many, even among intelligent business men, are blinded and misled by mere catch phrases. One of these is: the declaration eften put out with an air of superior so- Heitude for the laborer, namely, “a de- preciated dollar paid into the hand of toil.” Mr. Cleveland in his letter prior to his first inauguration as President said: Labor, already depressed, would suffer still further depression by a scaling down of the purchasing power of every so-called collar paid into the hands of toil. “And Mr. Harrison, on a number of occa- sions, has made use of similar expressions. Do Mr. Cleveland and Mr. Harrison, or does anybody else, suppose for a moment that the wages of labor, any more than the prices of the products of labor, can be kept the same very long while money is either appreciating or depreciating? With a ma- jority of those who earn a living by toil, wages or earnings are determined directly by the prices of their products. This is true of all farmers who work their own farms, and of all others who sell directly what they produce, and sooner or later the price of products in general must deter- mine the wages of labor. It is true that in organized industries the effect of a fall is felt first by capital, but the moment the margin of profit is gone the effect of a de- cline in prices, if not before, must fall on labor. It may first be made manifest by reducing the number of laborers employed, and thus of the total earnings of labor. What Will Eventually Result. “Eventrally, however, a fall in the prices of the products of labor must result in a fall in the wages of labor. The number of laborers forced into idleness will in- crease as long as prices continue to fall. Idle labor produces ncthing to exchange, and hence cannot buy what others produce. Markets are thus restricted, and this re- acts on prices and ultimately again on wages. Wages in the long run is the share labor gets of what labor and capital tegether produce. For instance, if in the United States labor and capital combined produce in a year, as it ought to, $16,000,- 000,000 worth of commodities, and labor gets three-fourths of this sum, then the total earnings of labor alone, that is, the aggregate of all wages, will pe $12.000,009,- 000, while if only $12,000,000,000 worth is produced, then, the proportion of labor being the same, there would be but $),- 900,000,000 to divide as wages or as the earnings of labor. In this division it is manifest that if some got the same waxes as before, others must take less or go without any. It is, therefore, the interest ef labor to have at all times conditions maintained that favor the largest possible reduction of wealth. Such cenditions never attend upon a shrinking volume of morey or a rise in the value of money. It is, therefore, the highest interest of la- bor to have the money supply keep pace at all times with the increase of popu- lation and wealth. Prices and Wages. “Nor is it true generally that prices go up before wages advance. This is doubt- less true when the price of a thing rises from its scarcity, but it is not true when prices rise as the result of a depletion of money. In that case, as Prof. Cairnes kas shown, the tendency would be to abundance, and not to a scarcity, which would operate to keep the price from ris- ing, and a rise would not take place till the demand increased, which would only ecme, for the things consumed hy labor, by more money being offered for them. “This could not take place till laborers had money to spend, which would only be when they earned more; that is, get better wages. “The sclicitu le, therefore, of those who ad- vocate making money scarce in the interest of labor is like that of a railroad company which opposed reducing the fare from 10 to 5 cents for the reason that a laborer by walking, as many of them did, could save 10 cents, while if the fare was re- duced to 5 cents he would only save 5. “The fallacy, then, that it is the interest of labor that the dollar should be made dear by being made scarce, or that the free coinage of silver would provide a depreci- ated dollar for labor, is as easily exploded as all other fallacies brought forward to support the gold standard. What labor wants is money plenty enough to keep la- bor employed at good wages. : Mr. Towne'’s Free Silver Speech. The famous free silver speech of Mr. Towne of Minnesota also contained refer- ence to the wage earners’ interest in the silver question. It was as follows: “I must not forget, sir, that I promised to say something about wages. I am prompt to admit that the great republican policy of protection (applause) has vastly benefited the laboring man in the United States. Sir, nobody upon a fit occaston can speak upon that great policy with more enthusiastic encomium or more intense con- viction than myself. But it cannot do everything. Handicapped by the single gold standard it can work out only a por- tion of its proper results. Wien I plead for bimetallism I plead for the oiher half of protection. (Applause). Free trade and the gold standard both aim at low prices; are both embodiments of British aggres- sion upon the industrial independence of my country. I will resist them both to the utmost. (Applause). Protection and Wages. “I do not question the fact that protec- tion has had a beneficial effect upon wages: but, sir, organized labor is also largely to be credited with the maintenance of wages. Diminishing the number of hours of labor, lessening the number of apprentices, or- ganizing against proposed reductions, they have fought their way by one method and another and have succeeded to a large de- gree in warding off the natural effects cf aa appreciating money. Let me add that if you will consider the number of men who have been out of employment and the di- minished labor of those who have had em- ployment the statistics of the rise in wages will appear far less impcsing than they do now. (Applause.) The laboring man’s in- terests are precisely the same as the man- ufacturer’s, the tradesman’s and the farm- er’s in this respect. And the policy that is sure to wreck all employers in productive industry, if continted, cannot fail to ruin also the men who work for them. Profits cannot disappear and leave wages un- touched. When men that hire labor become bankrupt, the man who works is very apt to be out of a job. The voluminous evi- dence gathered by the English parliament- ary commission on ‘he depression of trade and industry shows conclusively that wages in England have been long falling and continue to fall, In the United States va- rious conditions have prevented the full operation of the sume cause as yet, but many of its effects sre already visible and the ultimate result is clearly foreseen by intelligent laboring men all over the coun- try. Their attitude is not uncertain. They are and will be for a money system that is favorable to industry and that deals justly between man and man.” SOUND MONEY CLOSEs. Representative McCleary’s Reply to His Colleague, Mr. Towne. It will be remembered that Mr. Towne’s colleague, Mr. McCleary of Minnesota, an- swered this argument. He said, in refer- ring to this feature of the financial dis- cussion: “There is another cerious omission in my colleague’s allegations of fact. There is one commodity which stands out by itself £0 pre-eminent that even his disdain of de- tails should not have ‘gnored it, a com- modity which is the truest and best meas- ure of value ever discovered, surpassing in this respect wheat or cotton, iron or cop- Of Our The Busy Finale “Surplus Reduction Sale.” Great sale, we are better satisfied to tomorrow—we'll be open until (gLadies’ Shoes, Temorrow Only, 45C€- Soft Black and Tan Kid Sandals and Oxford Ties. Tomorrow Only, 6gc. Gee $1.25 Grade and $2.50 Style Tan Oxide Kid Oxfords. Tomorrow Only, 89c. Best $2 Black and Tan Oxfords sold this season, Tomorrow Only, $2.50 Grade Highest Style $1.35 Black or Tan Boots and Ties. Tomorrow Only, $1.85 os id ARAL ASAY Newies 2G2 $2 Tan Shoes and Easy, Elastic-side Romeo Slippers. Tomorrow Only, $1.35 AY RARERS a a ee ere 44) Hend-made Tan and Black c $2.50 Low or Hizh Cuts. Tomorrow Only, is $1.85 § 4 \ \ Ay ~ 930 and 932 § ) 1914 and 1916 Pa. ave. n.w. per, silver or gold, and that is a given unit of human labor. And my colleague was somehow blind to the fact, though it is ex- hibited in one of the tables to which he re- ferred, that the wages of labor have been on the average largely increased in the last third of a century, the increase from the old ‘bimetallic’ wages of 180) to those of 1890 being 58 per cent in money and 72 cent in purchasing power. een 1892 a day’s work of skilled labor would buy more of any staple commodity | of human desire, more and better food, more and better clothing, more and better transportation, more and better tools and machinery, more and better heat and light, more comforts and luxuries of every kind, more silver and more gold than at any time before 1873 in the history of the world. “And now let us see how the situation of workingmen in this country compared in 1890 with that during the so-calied bimetal- lic times. From the famous Senate report on wholesale prices, éransportation and wages, before referred to, I take the facts for the following table of wages in leading occupations every tenth year for some time *before the war, when we had our mint ‘open to the free coinage of both metals, in comparison with wages in 18W), a sixth of a centusy after we finally adopted our present system of unlimited coinage of gold and limited coinage of silve! ~ Wages per diem.— Ocenpation. 1810. 1850. 1880. 188 Plasterers. 2 1D $1 8 Blacksmiths 150 150 150 3 Blacksmiths’ helpers 83% 8% SMD Painters. cesses 5 25 2 2 Wheelwright 123 413 #15 2 Carpenters: 21290 141 152 1 Engineers. = 225 300 4 Firenen.. 5 137 «14e 1 Laborers. 104 @ 1 Miehinists. 5 15517 2 Watchmen. 105 10 1 Average, according to Importance, for all ine feckoned ae 100.87.7 927 1001086 “We have seen that ihe condition of American workingmen has vastly improved since the days when we had free coinage of silver. It has heen shown, also, that open- ing our mint to coinage of silver on private account would at once send us to a silver basis. How would this affect wages and the men who earn them? Every man who earns his daily bread by his daily toil owes it to himself and those whom he holds dear to think this over carefully. Changes in Prices and Wages. “Any man who will examine daily quota- tions of prices as reported in the news: papers will soon discover that they change from day to day, and sometimes change very greatly in the course of a month. But every men who earns wages is familiar with the fact that they change slowly, an increase of 10 per cent in a year being quite a gain. Prices change quickly; wages change slowly. Now let us grant what the advocates of free silver claim—that going to the silver basis would ‘double the prices of commodities.’ Does any workingman believe that wages would be doubled too? Even if they should be, how much would the wage earner profit by the change? No intelligent workingman believes for a min- ute that his wages would be increased by more than a small per cent—that is, while his wages might be rominally increased somewhai, the prices of the things he has to buy would be increased very much more. So the real purchasing power of a day’s work would be greatly diminished. All ex- perience shows that any debasement in the Money system of a country raises prices faster and farther than it does wages. This might influence some employers to consider the propriety of debasing our cur- rency, but it is precisely the reason why workingmen should oppose it. So far as workingmen are concerned the whole silver question is to be summed up in one query, Do yov want your wages cut down? If so, vote for-the free coinage of silver.” ee Franklin’s Grave. From tbe Philadelphia Call. Two men, both on the shady side of seventy, stopped at 5th and Arch streets the other day to peer in through the iron grating at the neglected grave of Benjamin Franklin. After looking a moment in silence at the flat stone which covers the last resting place of the statesman, philos- opher and patriot, one of the old men said to his companion: “I don’t think Philadel- phia fully appreciates the honor that at- taches to having within its precincts the sepulcher of that great man. It seems to me if it did it would take better care of his grave. The fact is, that so far as I know, the memory of Franklin is nowhere as gen- erally perpetuated as it ought to be outside the state of Tennessee. I guess if Franklin was buried down there they'd have a big menument over him. You know when the present state of Tennessee was first organ- ized it was known as Franklin. It bore that name for.a long while until superseded by Tennessee, which is an Indian word, meaning ‘the river of the big bend.’ For my part, I tuink the state would have done better to stick to its original name. Tomorrow is the last day of the greatest and most suc- cessful sale we ever held. Though it was a money-losing tis over such a big lot of Summer Shoes as we had. Only one more day of such prices as the following, and it'll be a busy day—you may regret it if you don’t come have the cash than to winter late to serve you. Child’s Shoes. Infants’ Tan Shoes and 4 to 8 Kid Spring Heels, Tomorrow Only, 45C. Misses’ and Child’s $1 Black and Tan Sandals and Boots. Tomorrow Only, 69c. $1.25 and $1.50 Grade Spring-heel Tan or Black Sundals—any Size. Tomorrow Only, Rest-wearing $1.50 Tan Tampico Goat Minses’ Tomorrow Only, Boys’ and Girls’ $2 Quality Tan or Black Sammer Shoes, _Pien’s Shoes. Black, Brown and Ox-blood 4 Vine $3 Calf Shoes, 10 styles. Tomorrow Only, () $2.35 Hand-sewed Patent Leather, Kangaroo, Calf and Tau $3.50 Shoes. aed Temor row Only, $2.65 WM. HAHN & CO.’S RELIABLE SHOE HOUSEs, ay nth st. now, i Secretary Carlisle on the Obligation of the Government widely pub! ago that F ident G. Greene of the Conrecticut Life Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn. d issued a circular letter to policy holders notify- ing them that in the event that the gov- ernment adopted the free coiuage of sil- ver the company would be compelled to pay all claims in depreciated silver coin. Mr. F. W. Alsop of Little Rock, Ark., sent a clipping of this statement to § lary of the Treasury Carlisle with a re- quest for an expression on the subject. He has received a reply from Mr. Carlisle, which is in part as follows “In case free coirage of silve: established in this country I surance companies and all ot'er titu- tions would coutinue to make their pa ments by checks and dratts on banks as heretofore; in my opinion the wiole volume of our currency would should be ume in- © ty the and ver dollars or their equivalent instead of gold or its equiva- lent as is now the case. I presume no one suppeses for a moment thai it would b: e duty of the government to attempt to cep the standard silver dollar coined fi for private individuals and corporations equal in vaiue to a gold dollar; or in other words, that it would be the duty of th government to attempt under a system of free coinage to maintain the parity of the two metals. The dollars would be coin- ed qn private account and deliy to pri- vate individuals and corporations as their own property, the government having no interest whatever in them and being, therefore, under no obligation to sustain them by guaranteeing their value “Under our existing system all sil er dol- lars are coined on account ot the govern- ment and are issued by the government in payment of its expenditures and other ob- ligaticns, and it would be an act of bad faith therefore to permit them to depre- ciate, : “Very truly yours, ‘J. G. CARLISLE.” ———___ +2 ™ ING PURE GOLD © BROOKLYN, About $10,000 in a Dem Case Factory, From the Brooklyn Citizen, Gold hunters are at work in two different fields in Brooklyn. At 4th avenue and War- ren street about $7,000 worth of the yellow metal has already been turned up, and the melting pot is still on the fire. On Cum- berland street, gold has been discovered in large quantities, and the prospectors are still at work. It is the pure metal, too, without alloy, and no quartz crushers or giant separators or electric plants are re- quired to disintegrate it. The Brooklyn Watch Case Company bas had its factory for twenty-four years at 4th avenue and Warren street. The Fay watch case factory has been on Cumberland street for aimost as many years. Recently the two concerns have consolidated, end a new factory has been opened. ‘The (wo city factories have been stripped and disman- tled, except the gold hunting, and it is this search after buried treasure which has given rise over Brooklyn to all sorts of stories about remarkable gold discoveries. Already more than $7,000 worth of gold has been secured. When the whole building has been gone over, walls, ceilings and sewer pipes, the amount Is expected to ex- ceed $10,000. In Fay’s factory the same operations are going on. Only ‘he most trusted workmen are employed in the work. A handful of dirt or shavings is likely to “pan out” two or three dollars in gold dust. When the American Watch Case Company closed up its factory at Broadway end Bond street, New York, a few years ago, a firm of contractors bought the privi going over the floors for $28,000. They real- ized a handsome profit. cos It Referred to the Dog. From London Tid-Bits. In a well-known street in London a beg- gar was often seen plodding about with a small dcg. The dog was held by a piece of chain, and had round his neck a placard with “Pity the Blind” in large red letters. Mr. T—, passing one day, dropped a six- pence into the man’s outstretched hand. “Hallo!” he cried, as he was turning away, “was that a half sovereign I gave you?” hed Watch No, sir—no,” answered the beggar; “only sixpence. “So,” said Mr. after all?” “Bless you, sir, no!” he replied. “You see, the placard refers to the dog. He'r blind—not I T—, “you are not blind,