Evening Star Newspaper, July 18, 1896, Page 16

THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, JULY 18, 1896-TWENTY-FQUR PAGES, L! HUNG CHANG The Famous Chinese Diplomat Who Will Visit the United States. WHO HE IS AND WHAT HE IS Something About the Persons Who Will Be in His Party. CURIOUS STORIES = a SOME (Copyrighted, 1996, by Frank G. Carpenter.) HAVE JUST RE- ceived word from the Chinese legation that his excellency, Li Hung Chang, is ex- pected here in the early fall. He will spend some months in the United States and will, it is thought, be enter- tained as a royal guest of the nation. Our leading states- men who are posted as to Chinese matters are anxious that this should be the case, and it is probable that President Cleveland will assign one of the high officials of the State Depart- ment to take charge of Earl Li, that a dinner will be given him at the White House, and that he will have public recep- tiens and dinners in our different cities. He should be carried over the coun- try in a special car, and should be treated as a king, or as the greatest of for- eisn princes visiting the United States. Li Hung Chang is by all odds the most powerful Chinaman living. He stands next to the emperor in influence, and as tutor to the emperor and guardian of the throne he, > a large extent, controls the government of China. 4 ceroy of China he has more than 000 people under him, and ever these he has the power of life and death. He has an army almost as large as | that of t nited States, and the money which he usually handles amounts to many millions of has a jollars a year. id which Li Hung Chang is practically his 11 Hang Chang at Seventy-Four. own. He nas large interests in steamship He owns mines and other proper- ties, and he has recently been establishing factories in different parts of China. my stay at his capital, the city of Tien T in i894, I was told that he is uny, many times a millionaire. His pal- s there contain hundreds of rooms, and has far more power than President Cleveland. A Great Chinese Scholar. Li Hung Chang has for years been prac- tically the emperer of China as far as for- eign nations are concerned. He has dic- tated the Chinese foreign policy, and the impression he receives while in the United States may be worth much to Americans as to their trade with Asia. It is he who has inspired the forelgn treaties of China. It was he who settled the terms of peace with Japan, and it is he who, it is now balieved, is making a Russian and German alliance against the other powers of Europe. 1 doubt whether Li Hung Chang likes for- cigners. Most Chinese do not, and Li is a pure Chinese. He believes in foreign meth- ods, however. It was he who introduced the telegraph into China, and he has now ten thousand miles of wire connecting his office with all -parts of the empire. He re- : daily from every capital of the world, and I doubt not that the Chinese ministers of the different countries are now cabling him reports as to just what hap- pens in the places where they are sta- ed. He has the foreign newspapers read translated for him, and in his suite which he is carrying with him through Eu- rope he has Chinamen who can speak every tan longuage. and there will be nothing published about him that he will not read. 11 Hung Chang understands a little Eng- Duri ae he Li Hang Chong in His Prime. lish himeelf. from a Chinese He ts highly cultured, and ndpoint, he ts one of the of the world. Our college think they do well if they can t in a class of 100. When Li < Chang graduated he stood highest at an examination in which 15,000 took part. He Is a member of the famous Hanlin Col- lege, or the Imperial Academy of Peking, the tests to enter which are so strict that “hinese can pass them. Li Hung a celebrated writer. He can not make pcetry and compose statesman- lke documents, but he can write the Chi- nese characters in the most artistic way, and he practices writing Chinese as an musem: a certain number of hours ry day. Li Hung Chang‘s Suite. Li Hung Chang has now a large number f persons in his escort. He travels in ‘at state. He has a foreign private sec- ary, two physicians, a number of inter- preters, a half dozen scribes or special writers, a an equal number of military orderlies. In addition to this, he has a number of personal servants and other of- ticials of different rank, all of whom are korgeously dressed. I see among his party i¢ name of Lo Feng-Loh as one of his retar! of legation. This man may be called the “Dan Lamont” of the great Li Itung Chang. He has spent some years In ndon, and he speaks English perfectly. He so close to Li Hung Chang that he un- verstands almost his every thought, and if sreat Chinese earl has an interview h the President, it will be Lo Feng-Loh ho will act as the interpreter. I have had two interviews with Li Hung Chang during the two visits which I have made to North hina, and in both cases I arranged for '~ audience through Mr. Lo Feng-Loh. bled me to get quite well ac- h Mr. Lo, and I found him a 1 reading and much informa- At one of our meetings he talked of Huxley and Darwin, and he expressed de- gr cided opinions upon the beauties of Emer- son and Carlyle. He is a tall Chinaman of about forty years of age, weighing, I judge, 200 pounds. He dresses in good taste, and, like the Chinese of the better classes, wears quite imposing clothes. How Earl Li Dresses. Li Hung Chang will be by all odds the most distinguished-looking Chinese who bas ever come to the United States. He bas, you know, been again decorated with the imperial yellow jacket, and upon state eccasions here he will wear his three-eyed peacock feather. This yellow jacket is of the finest satin. It is embroidered upon the breast and back with double dragons in a circle. The three-eyed peacock feather is the same which his excellency wore during the great banquet that he gave to Mr. wl Li Hung Chang’s Visiting Card. John W. Foster during my stay in China. He had en the yellow jacket and the pea- ecck feather when we entered the palace, and kept on the latter until he sat down to the table, when it was taken off with the hat in which it was fastened. Li Huag Ctang would be a striking figure in any clothing. He stands over six feet one inch in his stockings, and the boots of black broadcloth which he wears have soles of white wood about an inch thick, which make him look taller. He wears a long gown of bright yellow satin, which falls from his neck to his feet, and over this he has upon state occasions his yellow jacket. During one cf my visits to him his jacket was of seal brown velvet, fastened with buttons of gold, and at another time he had what seemed to be a long sealskin ccat, with very full sleeves. He keeps his hat on while he ts in the house, and his of- ficial hat looks for all the world like an rverted spittcon, the brim being turned up all around. The peacock feather is fastened by a button to the top of the hat, and it sticks far out behind. When not on dress parade Earl Li wears a fine skuil cep of black silk, with a crown shaped like a hemisphere. Vhen I saw him in 15% this cap had a big solitaire diamond in the trent of it, and a big diamond ring sparkied on one of Ear! Li's long yellow fingers. He then had on trousers of rose-colored satin, which were tied around the ankles- much like drawers, and I could see that these trousers were wadded and quilted in order that they might be the warmer. During the interview some champagne was brought In, but Li Hung Chang took only a sip of this, and I afterward learned that he not drink, and that he don’t much believe in intoxicants. He is a great smoker, how- ever. He uses a Chinese water pipe, a sort of a long-stemmed affair with a silver towl about as big as your fist, containing water. Into this bowl Is fitted a tube, which holds the tobacco, and you draw the smoke through the water before it gets to your mouth. When Li Hung Chang smokes he does not hold the pipe in his hand. He has a servant to act as pipe bearer, and every minute or so the servant pushes the stem of the pipe into his mouth. Li Hung Chang tekes one or two whifs, and the servant thereupon takes away the pipe, while Li goes on with his talking. At Dinner With Li. Li Hurg Charg !s not entirely unaccus- tomed to fore'gn ways and foreign food. At the banquet which I attended both fcreign and Chinese courses were served, and I noticed that the viceroy partook equally of both. He can use a fork as weil as chopsticks, and during a chat I had with him he told me that he liked a mix- ture of the Chinese and European diet. He said be believed in plenty of vegetables, but rather thought that foreigners ate too much meat. At this dinner Li had two or three servants about his chair all the time. These were ready to obey his evcry mo- tion. They assisted him in his eating and in keeping his dress straight, and from time to time brcught around a steaming white cloth for him to mop his face during the meal. This, however, is only the Chi- nese crstem, and {ft must not be under- steod 2s indicating that the great earl was in bad health or too old to take care of himself. He is, you know, about seventy- five, but he is full of vitality, and mentally ard physically he is as young as many a man of fifty. He has both an English and a Chinese physician with him, and it is probable that the English physician will continue to administer the electric baths to his cheeks to which Li ‘has been ac- customed for some years. He had some time ago paralysis of the face, and he has cured tl by the use of electricity. Dur- irg my stay in Tientsin he was taking these electric baths, having them admin- istered something like an hour a day, and he often said that electricity acted upon im Hike a tonic and gave him new life. Why the Bullet Was Not Extracted. In Li Hung Chang’s face you may still see the mark of the bullet with which he was shot by the Japanese crank during his recent stay in Japan. The ball went in just below the left eye and left a marked scar. The bullet is still in his face, and was, it Is sald, recently photographed by means of the X rays. Li Hung Chang’s great brav- ery during this shot has never been desertbed in print. He showed wonderful nerve during the time that the doctors were probing for tke bullet. He allowed them to dig around in his face, and at one time when one of the doctors had driven the probe into his bone and was tapping away at it, saying he had found the bullet, Li replied that he was mistaken ard that he was digging at the bone and not at the lead. After the bullet was fcund the question as to whether it should be extracted was raised. Li Hung Chang's son, however, refused to allow this without he had special permission to that effect from the emperor. He said that if it was a question only of the life of his father he could permit it, but that in this case Li Hung Chang was the messenger from the throne. He represented the emperor, and that h> could not venture to have his life put tn danger without first telegraphing to Peking. The situation was critical at this time, and to have telegraphed would have meant a delay of thirty-six hours. The Gectors thought it best not to wait. They concluded <o risk leaving the bullet in his cheek ard the wound was sewed up. It rapidly healed, and the viceroy has now entirely recovered from its effects. Earl Li and Gen. Foster. The 2bove information was given me by Gen. John W. Foster, immediately after he had returned from Japan. He told me that Li Hung Chang was much worried by the shot. He thought that it might lessen bis reputation in the eyes of the people of China, or, as the Chinese says, that he might “lose face’ with them. Said Gen. Fester: “I told the viceroy that he had a wrong Idea of the character of his wound; that he should be proud of the shot, and that Instead of ‘losing face’ he had ‘gained face.’ I said that the wound had been re- ceived in the service of his country, and that in the United States we considered such things honorable. It was no use, how- ever, he would rot be comforted.” “Did he think that the attempt to take his life was intentional on the part of the Japanese?” IT asked. “No,” replied General Foster, “or if he did it was for only a short time. The Japanese showed such a great anxiety about it, the emperor took the matter so much to heart, and the great men of Japan came in and expressed their regrets so earn- estly that Li Hung Chang soon saw that the action was that of a fanatic, and he did not blame the Japanese government for it. After he was shot the Japanese could not do enough for him. They wanted to send him all kinds of presents, He would ao cept only those having no value. He took, for instance, such things as chickens and vegetables, but he would not accept works of art or anything that cost much money.” Foster's Grandson and Earl Li’s Son. Speaking of General Foster, I heard a story the other day of how he persuaded Li Hung Chang to allow him to leave China. The Chinese viceroy became very fond of Foster, and he offered various inducements to get him to stay in China and act as one of the foreign advisers of the government. General Foster, however, did not want to stay in China, and he told Li Hi that it was impossible for him to do so. “But why Is it imposible?” said Li, “Is it fe ee — ofsalary? If so, I think we can fix that” General Foster fs a diplomat. He did not want to tell the viceroy that the real rea- son for his not wishing to remain in China was that he liked America better, so he thought @ moment and then evaded the question. Said he “Your excellency knows I would Hke to stay. I like you and I am fond of the Cht- nese people, but I have an imperative en- gagement in the United States for this aum- mer, which was fixed before I came out here, and which I am bound to meet.” Here General Foster stopped. He knew the curiosity of Li Hung Chang’s Chinese nature would not let him rest until he was told what that engagement was. He was not disappointed. In a moment the vice- Toy asked: “What, general, is your imperative en- gagement?” “It ts with my grandson,” replied Secre- tary Foster. “He is just seven years old. I have promised to take him out fishing on Lake Ontario this summer, and if I do not carry out my promise I will lose face with him. He will think his grandfather is not a man of truth, and I will set a bad example for him. Now, your excellency, according to the doctrines of filial piety and as a dis- ciple of Confucius, knows the duties which @ parent or grandparent sustains to his child. You must see that I cannot break that engagement.” Earl Li reflected a moment. No matter how bright a Chinese is he ts slow to appre- ciate a joke, and the viceroy at first took the matter in sober earnest. He said that if General Foster wanted to fish he could give him plenty of opportunities in China. “Why,” said he, “there are beautiful lakes inside the palace grounds. They are full of all sorts of rare and gamy fish. If you will stay I will get you permission to fish there. “Ah! said Secretary Foster, “but how about my grandson and the doctrines of Confuctus?"" “Oh,” replied Li Hung Chang, who by this time had come to see that Gen. Foster was joking with him, “if vou don't want to, we can't make you stay, but we would like to keep you just as long as pos- sible.” Ha did keep Gen. Foster as long as he could, and he was especially anxious because he thought that Foster's staying in China would make the path of bis own son, Lord Li, more smooth, and might po: sibly save him from death. Lord Li, the yiceroy’s son, you remember, had been or- dered by the emperor to go to Formosa and hand over the island to the Japanese. Li Hung Chang feared that his boy might be hurt or killed during the journey to Formosa and he asked Gen. Foster to gO along and protect him. Gen. Foster replied that he could do nothing in such a case, and that Lord Li was amply able to take care of himself. But Li Hung Chang an- swered: “No, general, he is not. Li is but a boy and he has not had the experience you have had. You have been a general in your army and yeu would know how to advise him. Now, won't you go as an espe- ¢lal favor to me?” A request of this kind, of course, Gen. Foster could not refuse. ‘He acceded to it. but only on the condition that if he took Li's son to Formosa that he should have the right to go back to the United States and kesp his appointment with his grandson as soon as he returned. To this Li Hung Chang agreed, and both men were happy. FRANK G. CARPENTE OWING BETTER. WORLD G Canon Farrar Says Christianity 1s Conquering the Earth. Fraak G. Carpenter In the Chautauauau for July. Canon Farrar lives in a little stone house of three stories just back of Westminster Abbey The house ts No. 17 Dean's Yard. I arnounzed myself by pounding on the door with the iron knocker, and was led into an uncarpeted hall over the door of which hangs a helmet and arrows, and on the walls of which are old firearms. Rare etchings and fine ergravings hang here and there, and the walls of the staircase which leads to the second floor are covered with pictures. At the head of this stair- case is the library, a vast room, the wood- work of which has been meliowed with age and the walls of which are covered with musty old books. Sitting at a desk within this room was a broad-shouldered, big-headed man of sixty, who rose as I e1 tered and shook hands with me in a digni- fied way. It was Canon Farrar, with wkom I had made an appointment by lat- ter the day before, and who, though he hesitated to give a written interview, was willing to say a few words for American readers. I asked him whether he thought we would ever have a universal religion and whether all nations and people wouid eventually worship the same God. He re- plied: “I have no doubt of it. Christianity wil! be the only religion of the far future, and We are fast coming toward a universal re- ligion. Have you ever thought how rapidly the Christian religion is growing? Three centuries after Christ, of all the people in the world, only one in every dne hundred and fifty was a Christian. Now one-third of the world’s population bows down to the Christian God. Our missionaries today are in every part of the globe. They are Fegin- ning to make themselves felt in places where for yea they have labored under : advantages.” archdeacon, you think that the world is on the whole growing better from year to year?” “I think there is nu doubt of tt,” was the reply. “Vice and crime are to be found al- most everywhere, but many of the vices of the past are disappearing and we have a higher standard of morality than ever be- fore. Take the matter of drinking; it was nothing uncommon in the high socicty of England a century ago for a man to get drunk, and at every dinner party some of the guests were liable to drop down unde: the table. Now such an act would degrade any respectable man in England, and drinking to excess among the better classes grows less and less common. In our lower Strata here our greatest vice is drunken- ness, and it is the one which all Christians are fighting the hardest.” Served Him Right. Harper's Magasine. We are all more or less familiar with that exasperating class of individuals who seem to feel that the simple common sense of the world {s centered in themselves, and that the rest of us are in need of guidance ard direction in the simplest duties of life. Mr. B— was a young man of this class. He was always painfully profuse in de- tails regarding anything he wished done. He had a parrot of which he was exces- sively fond, and when he was about to go abread for a few months, leaving his bird behind him, he bored and exasperated his family and friends with censeless details Tegarding the care of the parrot, and his last words, screeched from the deck of the steamer that bore him away, were: stant “What?” shouted the brother on the pler. “Look out for my parrot!” came faintly over the water. As if this was not enough, he had no sconer reached Liverpool than he sent the following cablegram to his brother, who had assumed charge of the parrot: “Be sure and feed my parrot.” On receipt of this the infuriated brother cabled back, at his brother’s expense: “TI have fed her, but she is hungry again. What shall I do next?” ——+e+ How Serpents Sleep. From Nature. One of the most curious facts with regard to snakes fs that their eyes are never closed. Sleeping or waking, alive or dead, they are always wide-eyed. If we take a dead snake and examine it closely we shall soon find the reason—there are no eyelids. The eye is protected only by a strong scale, which forms a part of the epidermal envelope, and is cast off in a piece with that every time the reptile molts. The eye-plate is as clear and transparent as glass, and allows the most perfect vision, while the same time (as any close ob- server of the habits of the snake can easily discover) it is so hard and tough as per- fectly to protect the delicate organ within from the thorns and twigs poe} which, in t from enemies or in ths reptile #0 often hurriedly glides, 7°" —_+e+____ Followed Copy. From Youth's Companion, An instance of faithful effort to “foliow copy” occurred recently in a New York newspaper office. The reporter, who wrote @ very bold, vertical hand, put it down that From vig-zag flashes of lightning played among the an cam “Zis,000 Seales” played winong thownece”™ FOR HEAVY, SLUGGISH FHELING Use Horsford’s Acid Phosphate. SACRE SSCS ae as a tcnie on nerves and TWO. CONVENTIONS Popalists and Silver Men Moet Next «: Week. PROSPECTS OP FUSION DISCUSSED Indorsement of Democratic Nomi- nees or aly {ndependent Ticket. Waa ss WHAT MAY BE DONE ———-_——_. Correspondence of The Evening Star. ST. LOUIS, Mo., July 16, 1896. ‘5 WO NATIONAL PO- litical con ventions will be held in this city next week. One will be held in the convention auditor- jum where McKinley was nominated last month, the other in the Exposition build- Ing. It 1s expected confidently by the populists that their friends the silverites will come over into their yard and play before the first day's session is over. Whatever {s done in the direction of fusion, there Is little doubt the two gatherings will indorse the same man for the presidency. , Will they indorse the nominee of the democratic convention? That is the im- portant question on which may depend the result of the election in November. On it may hang the possibility that this country will go to a policy which means the free and unlimited coinage of silver independent of the other nations of the worid. The gathering of the populists and silver men at the Chicago convention last week and the missionary work they did there are evidence of the importance they attach tu the determination of this question. Their dearest wish is the resumption of free sil- ver coinage. To bring this about they were anxious that the democrats should nomi- nate Mr. ‘Teller, because they could in- Gorse him without giving up their party organization. Mr. Teller belongs to no party just now. He flocks by himself. The ‘anxiety of the populists to have a candidate not idertified with the demo- cratic party was due to the fact that the people's party supports some _ principles which are not recognized by the democracy, and while these are less Important than silver coinage in the eyes of the majority of the populists, they are important embugh to keep the people's party together even if the coinage question was disposed of. To indorse a democrat for the presidenc: great many populists think, would be abandon these principles, to give up their hopes of electing state tickets in the south and west, and to disorganize thoroughly a party which has‘ become a controlling ele- ment In somedstates and in a sreat many congressional gisinicts. After combining the Interests of all the smaaller organiza- ticns of farmérs’ and laborers into one united politicaf patty and poliing for the presidential canditlate of that party 1,025,- 187 votes, thes popylists are afraid of’ sac: rifling the results of their hard work. falling into the hands of the « mocrati barty and losing their identity if they in- derse a democratié candidate for the presi- dency. Sketch of the People’s Party. The people's'party was organized at Cin- cinnati May 1%, 1891, at a national union conference of ail political organizations rep- resenting the;farmer, the laborer and the machine. From these—chiefly the farmers’ alliances—the new party was formed. The farmers’ alliances go. back stexthe formation of @ little protective organiza- tion in Lampasas county, Texas This Lampasas county alliance was formed for the protection of the farmers against land and cattle thieves. It agitated the “na fence” law and other issues, and the “man with a hoe” found that collectively his people could wield political power. This encouraged the formation of other local alliances in Texas, and these, in 1888, were organized into a state alliance. This alli- ance met and pronounced a platform which included a declaration for “the education of the agricultural classes in the science of economical government, in a strictly non-partisan spiri Before the organization of the state alli- ance of Texas farmers, the National Grange of Patrons of Husbandry had begun to take an active interest in legislative mat- ters at Washington. It was the first secret order to admit men and women on terms of. equality. In 1870 it had ninety granges. In 1576 there were 19,000. These maintain- ed the headquarters of their national asso- ciation at Washington, and its officers ex- ercised some influence on _ legislation through granger members of Congress. The national grange never tried to influence elections, and its career as a political factor was short. It is now almost solely a social and beneficial organization. But its mem- bers are almost all members of the people's party, and their association in the grange made it easier for them to get together and organize for political purposes when the occasion arose. Following the organization of the Lam- pasas county alliance in Texas, and no doubt influenced by it, the farmers of Ar- kansas got together in a school house in western Arkansas and organized the Na- tional Agricultural Wheel, and the farmers of Louisiana met and formed the Farmers’ Union. Farmers’ Aliiance. After the organization of the Texas state alliance the farmers of Louisiana and Texas consulted and called a meeting in Waco, where they formed, in 1887, the National Farmers’ Alliance and Co-oper- ative Union. A year later the alliance and the wheel sent delegates to a convention at Meridian, Miss., where the two organiza- tions were united as the Farmers and Laborers’ Union of America. In December, 1889, a national convention was called at St. Louis, and there the name of the or- ganization wa changed again. It became the National Farmers’ Alliance and Indus- trial Union. In all this time the members of the farm- ers’ organizaticns had been nominating local tickets and taking part in state elec- tions, and they had shown a constantly in- creasing strength. But they had attracted comparatively little attention outside a few southern states until a national convention of the new party was held at Ocala, Fla., in 1890. At this convention was adopted a platform which attracted the attention of the whole country and which became the subject of lively controversy. The farmérs themselves were fot a unit in supporting it, and the dispute! over it went on in their own ranks as well as elsewhere. The Ocala pintform demanded the aboll- tion of national banks, the establishment of subtreasuries to lend money on farm products and lend at 2 per cent or less, the increase of the national circulating medium to $50 per capita, laws against trading in “futures” in agricultural products, the free and unlimited, colaage of silver, laws against the alien ownership of land, the resumption by Congress of all lands grant- ¢d to railroads except those used by the roads, the reduction of the tariff, an’ in- come tax, the raticral control of railroads and telegraphs or: government ownership of them and the election of United States Senators by direct vote of the peopk The firat frujt of these resolutions was the introduction in{Congress of the famous warehouse scheme. Vance of North Caro- lina introduced it in the Senate and Pick- ler of South Dakota in the House. The bill provided for the appropriation of $50,- 000,000 to build warehouses for the stor- age of cotton, wheat, corn, oats and tobac- | co and for the issue of treasury notes to 80 r cent of the value of such products, hearine: interest at 1 per cent. Gaining Strength. ‘The late Senator Stanford also introduced @ bill for the issue of treasury certificates based on land. It was considered remark- able, coming from a man who had been identified so long with the interests of cap- ital. It was eats many to be a bid for the support of ie new party for preddeacy and it actually gave the ‘calle fornia Senator one vote in the national convention of that party four years ago. There was a landslide in some of the agricultural states in the campaign of.1890, To the amazement of the old parties, Farmerg’ Aliiance —— two members o' the United States nate and fourteen members of the House of resentatives. These were Senator Peffer of Kansas and Senator Kyle of South Dakota and Repre- sentatives Moses, Livingstone and Everett of Georgia, Clover, Otis, Baker, Davis and Simpson of Kansas, Halvorsen of Minne- sota, Kyle and Beeman of Mississipp!, Mc- Keighan and Kem of Nebraska and Shell of South Carolina. This representation In the national legisla- ture gave the Farmers’ Alliance more strength and greater influence. It was recog- nized from that time as a sertous factor in the political situation in Kansas and Ne- braska and throughout the south. As @ matter of fact, it has lost some of its fol- Icwing in the west, but it has gained strength in the south, and it has obtained a hold in every state in the Union. A mere alliance of farmers, though, prom- ised nothing outside agricultural communi- ties. So a convention was cailed at Cin- cinnati May 19, 1801, end there the repre- sentatives of all the smaller organizations composed of mechanics and laborers got together and united with the alliances to form the people's purty. The meeting In- dorsed the Ocala platform and appointed a national committee with representatives in each state to take up the work of or- ganizing and preparing for the campaign for the presidency in 1892. The first national convention of the peo- ple’s party for the purpose of nominating a candidate for the presidency was held at Omaha July 2, 1592, It had been called to meet on that day, so that the candidate could be named on the 4th of July. There was much more interest in the action of the convention than there had been in the work of any other third party convention since the telegraph made communication easy. There was grave fear that the pop- ulists would name some candidate among the disaffected members of the other par- ties, and that the vote its candidate would receive would throw the election of a Pres- ident into the House of Representatives. Gen. Weaver Nominated. In fact overtures were made .to Gen. Walter Q. Gresham, then classed a repub- lican, afterward a member of President Cleveland's cabinet until his death. Gen. Gresham was known to feel very bitter about the renomination of President Har- rison, who was his persunal enemy, and he had expressed on many occasions sym- pathy with some of the principles of the populists. But Gen. Gresham refused to become the populist standard bearer, and so an original Farmers’ Alliaace man and a one time greenbacker of prominence, en. J. B, Weaver of Towa, was named. Mr. Weaver received 995 votes in the con- ion on the first ballot to 205 east for ator Kyle of South Dakota, 1 for Mann ige of Virginia, 1 for Senator Stanford of California and 1 for a Mr. Norton. For the vice presidency James G. Field of Virginia received 733 votes and Benja- min S. Terreil of T : and Field were put in the fight resentatives of the In the electicn Mr. popular vote numbering rison’s was 1,02 as the rep- new party. and received a 143; Mr. t: Mr. Weaver's 187; Mr. Bidwell, the prohibition candidate, received 271,650 votes. Weaver and Field had 23 votes in the electoral col- lege, not enough to throw the election info the House. vote as In this election Colorado went populist by 13,326, the democrats having fused with the populists. In idaho and Kansas the democrats did pot fuse with the populists, but they voted for the populist electors, ving the populist ticket 1,335 majority in in Idaho. In Nevada, tes of boih republican the populist ticket In Louisiana there n and three Weaver elec- tors on the ticket, and the Weaver men ran ahead of their associates, but the dem- ocrats wen. The Populist Vote. ew York in this contest Weaver only 16,429 votes against 1,204,218 for Har- rison and Cleveland. populist vote was ly 969; in Vermont it was 42 and in Delaware 13. But in no states in the Union were the populists with- cut support, and they had made a show- ing which ‘gave them encouragement to persist in their work of organization and enrollment. The result of this work is seen in the result of the elections in the states and territories given below, which, with the exception of the Iowa’ and Virginia elections held in 1993, were held in 1894: : Populist Kansas and 2,t% against the car and democratic won by 3, were five Hart In New Jersey she Arizona (dele (governor) Maho. (governors Mlinols (state Indiana (sec Towa (gi Kansas. (gove Maine (gove Nevada (governor) ew Hampshire (governor). y Mexico (delex: ew York (governor). North Carolina (witef justice). North Dakota (governor). Ohio (secretary of state Oklahoma. (delegates Oregon (governor) Pennsylvania (governor). Rhode Island (governor) Scnth Dakota (governor): Tetesee (governor) Texas (governor). Virginia (governor). rmont (governor). shington (Congressman)... consin (governor) Wsoming (governor) aRepublican feston. No republican candidate. dElected as a deinocrat and populist. xElected as a repoblican and populist. pSilverite elected agsinst republican, populist and democrat. The platform adopted by the populist con- vention of four years ago repeated most of the provisions of the Ocala platform. It de- manded the free coinage of silver and gold at 16 to 1; that the circulating medium be increased to $50 per capita; a graduated in- come tax; limitation of state and national revenues to the necessary expenses of the government economically administered; the establishment of postal savings banks; gov- ernment ownership of telegraph and tele- phone lines; reclamation of all land held by railroads and other corporations in ex- cess of their actual needs and all land held by aliens. In addition to the resolutions embodying these principles, the convention adopted a long series of resolutions, which were said expressly not to be a part of the platform. In these were contained indorsements of the Australian ballot; the application of the revenue from the income tax to the reduc- tion of the burden of taxation resting on the domestic industries of the country; fair and liberal pensions to ex-Union soldiers and sailors; better immigration laws; the eight-hour law, with a penalty clause at- tached; the abolition of the Pinkerton de- tective system; the initiative and referen- dum legislative system; the limitation of the presidency to one term and election of Senators by direct vote of the people, and finally the resolutions opposed subsidies of any kind. It will be seen that the people’s party was the first to indorse the free and unlim- ited coinage of silver at 16 to 1. For this reason the populists asked the democrats at Chicago to consider their wishes in the se- lection of a candidate last week. Since the election of 1880 the populists have gained strength in Congress, partly through success in elections and partly through accessions from the older parties. Marion Butler has been elected to the Sen- ate from North Carolina and William V. Allen from Nebraska. Senators Jones and Stewart of Nevada have broken away from the republican party, though they claim merely to be independents and silver men. And now four other Senators, walking out of the convention of the republican party last month, have allied themselves with the independent movement in which the peo- ple’s party is the chief factor. Some of these men will attend the populist conven- tion. Others will be here to attend the convention of the silver party, The Silver Party. The silver party, which has been called to meet in St. Louis on the same day as the populist convention, Wednesday next, ts yat without form and substance. It exists only in the hopes and plans of the friends of sil- ver in all parts of the country. Its organt- zation was recommended by the free silver propagandists before it was thought the democratic party would commit itself to a free silver resolution. Word was sent to the friends of silver everywhere to send delegates to -8t. Louis to form a silver party independent of all other political or- janizations. Delegates have been chosen from all the states, some of them in con- vention and some in conference. These delegates meet under chaotic conditions, No precise rules can be observed in the pre- limits meeting of a new party. But un- Goubtedly committees on credentials, reso- lutions, permanent organization and order of business will be appointed, and as far as possible the usual routine of a national con- vention will be observed. There would have been no doubt of the nominee of the con- vention if the democratic party had not de- clared for free silver. The “logical” candi- date of the silver men is Mr. Teller of Col- orado, and many of the delegates still be- Heve he will be named by the conven‘ion. Others think the democratic nominee may be indorsed. Dr. J. J. Mott will call the silver con- vention to order. The populist convention will be called to order by H. E. Taubeneck of Illinois, the chairman of the national committee. It will follow the usual proced- ure of naticnal political conventions. Com- mittees will be appointed on the first day, and on the second a permanent organiza- tion will be formed, rules will be adopted and the other business of organization will be completed. Probably the platform will be adopted on that day. But the candidate will not be nomirated until the silver con- vention has acted and asked for a confer- ence. At least that is the general expecte- tion of ihe delegates. If the silver men in- dorse the democratic nominee, the popu- lists will consider the question of doing likewise, nd so uniting the silver forces against the republican party. One plan which will be considered in both these conventions is known as the Breiden- thal plan. It is to nominate fusion electors in the west and south on the populist, sil- ver and democratic tickets, these electors to vote for whom they please in the elec- toral college. No preparations have been made by the citizens of St. Louis for the entertainment of the delegates to the two conventions ex- cept to prepare the halls in which they will meet and to decorate some buildings. The convention is not expected to be as lively as the republican convention in June. Still the silver men say there will be 30,000 vis- itors in St. Louis next week. ctor Played a Very Delib- erate Joke. There ts ro rule of the Union, Railroad Company compelling conductors to carry any specified amount of bills and change with them when they take a car out, but the men usually have about $15 or $20, so that they may be prepared for stray $10 bills when they are presented for a five- cent fare. The average passenger seldom hands out any bill larger than $2, and a man usually gives the conductor a nickel or the smallest silver change he has. A woman gives him pennies if she has five in her pocket book, and some conductors maintain that the women save their pen- nies for weeks at a time in order to load the pockets of the conductor with them. But there is one woman who will probably never again give a conductor a large bill to change. It happened on a Cranston street car one day in the latter part of lest week. saye the Providence Journal. The condu tor made his rourds, and captured pen- nies, nickels, dimes and half dollars, until he came to one woman, who, after search- ing through her pocket book, produced a 20 bill, which she hanced to him, with a giance which should have frozen ‘his soul and prevented a remonstrance. It failed; the conductor was patient and long suffer- ing, but he rebelied against taking a five- cent fare from a $20 bill. ‘Is this the smailest you have, lady?” he ashed. He was answered that the bill had been handed to him to have the fare taken out. He thought a moment, and a bright idea penetrated his brain like an X ray. “I'll give you your change in a moment,” he assured the passenger, and then stop- ped the car Just as it reached Hoyle Square, where the High Street Bank is located Hurrying into the bank, he laid down the bill and asked for change. ive me nineteen silver dollars and twenty nickels, please,” he said, and after the teller had been told the occasion for haste, he gladly furnished the necessary change. The conductor carried the change in both Fands out to where the woman who wanted the bill changed sat in the car and poured it in her lap, after taking out the nickel for the fare. The other passen- gers snickered, the receiver of all the silver grew red in the face and indignant, and the motorman started the car with a jerk. The Passenger remonstrated, but she had her change, the conduetor had his revenge and the crowd had satisfaction, and the major- ity against her was 16 to 1. ae ALUMINUM FOR GOVERNMENT USE. Utensil of All Kinds on Shipboard to Be Made of It. From the Pittsburg Commercial Gazette. The United States government will in the future use aluminum entirely on board its vessels for everything to which it can be possibly fitted. A large order has been placed with the Pittsburg Reduction Com- pany for heavy aluminum billets, which the Ilinois Pure Aluminum Company at Lamont, Ill, and Sidney, Sheppard & Co., cf Buffalo, N. ¥., will manufacture into kuge aluminum steam jacket kettles for use on board the war vessels Maine and Texas. These steam jacket kettles will be used for cooking large quantities of food, such as is used on board a warship. If the innovation proves successful, of which there is no doubt, the government will equip every vessel belonging to it with these kettles. Heretofore the manufacturers have re- ceived orders for small plates, but the present order called for larger plates than ehe Kensington works of the Pittsburg Reduction Company could turn out, so Capt. A. E. Hunt had the plates rolled in the Spang Steel and Iron Company's plant at Sharpsburg yesterday. The plates were to be 92x04 inches. The aluminum was re- ceived in billets at the mill, and these were rolled on the 1 inch plate-mill rolls. One of the plates when rolled was the largest aluminum plate turned out in the world. It was 150x100x% inches. The sheets were all reduced from the billet cold, were easily handled and have a beautifully bright and smooth finish. Capt, A. E. Hune said last evening: “The use of aluminum by the government, in fact, all the governments of the world, is not new, but these large steam jacket ket- tles are the first that will be tried. For several years we have been supplying the government with aluminum, or we have been reducing it and shipping it to the companies mentioned above. They have manufactured it into articles of all kinds and sold them to the government. Uncle Sam has used these articles in every de- partment where aluminum can be utilized With satisfaction. The culinary depart- ment has been supplied with vessels of all kinds, and nothing has ever given so much satisfaction. Aluminum vessels are now getting very common, and are taking the place of all other metals. The German government has been our best customer, I suppose. It has used aluminum for every thing I can mention—cooking utensils, can- teens, powder flasks, drinking cups, etc. Great Britain has also supplied its various departments, and is buying constantly. For private use aluminum is supplanting everything. “The Pittsburg Reduction Company does not manufacture these things. We supply the raw material and ship it to the com- panies, who turn it into household articles. Its lightness brings it into favor. The metal has replaced iron, tin and steel in so many ways that there is no question that the new use to which it is to be tried will prove perfectly satisfacto. The Plates will be shipped in a few days.” The Pittsburg Reduction Company has a branch plant at Niagara Falls, which has been in operation since last’ September. The demand for the white metal has so in- creased there that two additions have to be made to this plant. The first extension is being completed rapidly and will be open- ed August 1. A large force of men will be put to work. The second or lower exten- sion will be opened September 1. This will also give work to a large number of new men. The lower extension will be in charge of a Pittsburg man, William Ferguson, son of E. M. Ferguson. Never Fails, From the Texas Sifter. “Isn't there any remedy for chronic drunkenness?” asked McGuzzle of a Dallas physician. “Certainly, there is. Just you marry one of these strong-minded women. She'll sober you up.” —————_+e-______ Heaps of Fun. From the Chicago Record. “Mortimer, do you enjoy living in houses that are rented furnished?” ‘Yes, indeed; the people who owned the one we have this summer left a whole stack of old love letters in one of the bu- reau drawers.” REMARKABLE ANCHOR. Once Belonged to Columbus, but is Now in a Museum in Chicago. From the Galveston News. Some years ago I was commissioned to investigate all the places connected with the advent of Columbus into the history of America, in order to procure a series of Photographs for exhibition in the great Columbian exposition; and in pursuance of this idea I visited not only all the scenes of his adventurous voyages, but also those of his earlier life in Spain. The discovery, however, which gave me greatest pleasure, and which I consider the most important, consists in the old anchor—now in the Field Museum at Chicago—whtich, I have every reason to believe, was once carried at the bow of Columbus’ flagship, the Santa Marla. It had been conveyed to me by a learned Spanish physician of Santo Domingo that there was an anchor extant on the coast of Haiti, which came across the Atlantic with Columbus when he made his first voy- age in America. I was at first skeptical, but upon investigation became convinced of the truth of the physician's statement. To show how we reasoned, from an old anchor which had lain hundreds of years in the woods, back to the time of Colum- bus and his caravels, it is necessary briefly to review the course of that first voyage along the coast of Haiti. After Columbus had discovered the first land in the Bahamas, and had coa: a portion of the north shore of Cuba, he made a bold push across the wide channel and sighted the mountains of Haiti. The natives who thronged to the shore in great numbers, were still living in a State of primeval savagery, but were—if we may believe the statement of Columbus himself—simple and good-hearted, and ac- corded to the strangers a hearty welcome. The three vessels of Columbus sailed slowly from port to port, everywhere joyously entertained by the happy Indians, until, on the eve of Christmas, 1492, they approached the province belonging to a powerful In- dian chieftain of Cacique, cailed Guac nagari. His territory embraced what is now known as Cape Haitian, on the north cost of Haiti, and extended for a long dis- tance inland. He had sent messengers of welcome to the Spaniards, and was await- ing their arrival. But, unfortunately, just as the Hagship, the Santa Maria, was rounding the point into the harbor, she Struck on a@ reef and began to sink. She went to the bottom, but, owing to the active co-operation of the Indian chief, who sent out a large fleet of canoes, every. thing on board was saved, even to the iast bit of iron. Among these’ things, as is corded in the journal of ¢ the ship's anchor. kage wa taken to the village of Guarico, to Guacanagarl, where it was sto over it a guard was placed. Columbus then had but two vessels left —two small caravels in which to perform the return voyage to Spain. As these ves- sels would be overcrowded if all the crews returned, he called for volunteers to remain until he could revisit Haiti the following year. A fort, called Navidad, was ouilt, and the volunteers were established there. in; and, after cautioning them to remain at peace with the natives, Columbus sailed on the homeward voyage. He returned the following year, but found the fort in ruins and the men all massacred. Thus it came to pass that the anchor was left with ihe Indians. With this historic data in my possession, lumbus, was all belonging , and and guided by a map of the locality, I went in search of the anchor, finding it within a mile or so of the site of Guarica, Guacanagari's village. The Indians of Haiti, as history telis us, were long ago ex- terminated, not even one descendant re- maining of those found here by the first discoverers. In their place the negrovs, whose ancestors were first imported from Africa as slaves, now possess the fair island, one of the most beautiful on the globe. ‘The anchor in question was claimed by a black man on whose estate it then lay, and it was only after long negotiation and with exceeding difficulty that I secured it. Of its identity there is no reasonable doubt. The fact that it nad the shape of the an- chors caried by vessels in the sixteenth century, that it was forged by hand, being of hammered iron, with the circumstances of its location, proved it to be the same aachor brought ashore on that Christmas morning, 14#2. It had been carried a short distance from the original place of deposit, but was still not far from the site of Guarieo, where the Indian chieftain enter- tained Columbus with profuse hospitality. No trace remains of the town nor of the fort erected by Columbus, but their sizes have been identitied. After I had purchased the anchor from the negro owner, I had it shipped on board a steamer for New York, whence it was sent to Chicago and exhibited in the Con- vent of La Rabida, along with other relics of Columbus and his time. Perhaps some of my readers may have seen it there; at all events, those curious to examine it have only to visit the Columbian Museum at Chicago, where it now reposes. coe Makes the Men Very Weary. From the Chicago Chronicle. A good many hundreds, and even thou- sands, of leng-suffering husbands can bear sorrowful testimony to the fact that this ts the sort of catechism the wives of their bosoms subject them to every time they put on their hats to go out in the evening: “Where are you going?” “Oh, I'm just going out for a few min- “What for?” “Oh, nothing.” “Why do you go then?” Vell, I want to go; that’s why.” 0 you have to go?” don’t know that I do.” “Why do you go. then?” “Because. “Because what?” Vell, simply because.” “Going to be gone long?” “No.” “How long? “I don’t know ” “Anybody going with you? “Well, it’s strange that you can’t be con- tent to stay at home for a few minutes. Don’t you be gone long, will you?” “No.” “See that you don’t.” This is one reason why so many marriages are a dead, flat fizzle and failure. SSE EE Cea e Returned With Ti ke. From the Toronto Catholic Register. A well-known public man, who has an ex- cellent opinion of himself, received not long since a well-merited rebuke. It nad been stated that this celebrity knew how to make a most excellent cup of coffee. An epi- curean country gentleman wrote to him courteously asking for the recipe. The re- quest was granted, but at the end of the letter was the following unique manifesta- tion of splendid self-conceit: “I hope this is a genuine request and not a surreptitious method of securing my autograph To this the country gentleman replied: “Accept my thanks for tne recipe for making coffee. I wrote in good faith, and in order to con- vince you of the fact allow me to return what it is obvious you infinitely prize, but which is of no value to me—your cuto- hex Z — The Tree of Knowledge. From the Westminster Gazette. A trial was recently made in Austria to decide in how short a space of time living trees could ve converted into newspapers. At Elsenthal, on April 17, at 7:35 in the morning, three trees were sawn down; at 9:34 the wood, having been stripped of bark, cut up and converted into pulp, be- came paper, and passed from the factory to the press, from whence ‘he first printed and folded copy was issuxt at 10 o'clogy. So that in 145 minutes the trees had | newspapers. The age of miracies past. is not “Whenever I meet you riding your bicy: cle, Jenkins, you're scorching.” “I have to; most of my creditors are rid- irg the wheel now, don’t you know.”—Har pers Weekly.