Evening Star Newspaper, February 21, 1896, Page 11

THE EVENING STAR, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1896-TWELVE PAGES. THE CITY'S REFUSE Disposing of the Sweepings of the Streets. FURNACES REPLACE POBLIC DUMPS Turning the Material to Profitable Account. YORK EXPERIMENTS ges NEW One of the standing complaints of the progressive people of Washington ts that there is no provision here for disposing of | the street refuse, the sweepings and other material gathered from every possible soures, and usually dumped on the open lots t» fill low places and incidentally spreal disease. Tons of such stuff are an- nually carted about here and there, con- tributing te the surface soils of the city, and adding to the dust that constantly Pervades the atmosphere. A good deal of attention has bezn latterly paid to this subject by the authorities, and now it is announced that they are considering plans for the disposal of the refuse by improvd methods, dependeat for their execution uren the granting by Congress of an ap- propriation for this purpose. rbage and refuse are different com- modities, and, es a rule, must be handled separately by the authorities. While both | are treated by heat or fire in the most j successful plants, they cannot well be sent to the same furnaces. Under the mosi approved method garbage is really roasted and reduced from ar offensive, danger- gus mass to a quantity of valuable mater- Mal, the eale of which, in some instances, More than covers the cost of gathering | and treatment. The refuse when burned | does not produce as much salable mater- Jal as the garbage, and perhaps the value of the residuary product may turn out to be 1, but there has been found @ considerable profit in the preliminary = «x that greatly reduces the cost of | eo process, se Furnaces. inse furnaces have been established in | Several of the smaller cities and have Worked with great satisfaction. New York experimented with the matter last season | With such results that it was announced | early in November that the street-cleaning | department had decided to accept the trial | plant that had been erected on the North | Fiver front at 52d street. This establish- Ment was simple in plan. surrounded by a! hish board fence and surmounted by @ 100- foot stack to carry off smoke and cdors. Commissioner Waring desired to test the question of whether the ordinary cast-off Products of the street sweepiags might be | utilized or so handled as to reduce the cost | amd the nuisances arising from the existing methods of disposal. The test of several | Weeks regarded as highly satisfactory, | and it was stated that the machine could Fun itself with its own heat, pay its expenses out of the sale of the valuable materials in the refuse, and, in addition, furnish steam enough to operate an eiectrical plant. ca- Pable of ilsamMating # large section of the | tity mping Garbage in the Bay. Formerly it had been the practice to con- y the garbage and refuse down the bay in scows fitted with false bottoms and dumped into the sea. But it was found that the material did not reach or remain at the bottom of the harbor approaches, and complaints were frequently made by dwellers along the shore that the most of- fepsive articles were often cast into their yards by the tides. It was this that led to the adoption of new garbage and refuse disposal ideas. It was held that the change was profitable for the city. for the costly scow and uncertain service could be abau- dencd in favor of reduction plants and fur- maces that represented a minimum of cost, if not profit. Careful calculations were made as to the character of the city’s refuse | of all kinds, to the following effec Per cent of weight. Component parts. Cinder, ashes. Fine dust Vegets bk Waste paper...... Straw ard fibrous material Bottles. Coal ard coke. Broken giass Rags dren Tetal .. ‘The Text Furnace. ‘The furnace experimental cost $5,500, refuse 1ts manner of work- in is very simple. There fs a long, trough- erematory, or atvrangement leading at a gentle in- + from the ground to the top of the which is of brick. The flocr of this trough moves upward constantly and slowly. ‘The debris is dumped directly into the Movable trough at the point nearest the ground. It immediately begins its gradual ascent, but before reaching the top many articles of more or less value are removed by a number of eagle-eyed Italians, who n¢d guard on either side anxiously watching for prey. The articles they pick out are of curious natures and a great variety. Sometimes it is a mystery how they cun ever be turned to profitabie ac- count. They include decrepit old shoes, boots and rubbers, crazy bedsteads, Joung-s, with their insides coming out; bot- tles. good and bad; trunks that have had their sides crushed in by thé fierce on- glaught« of the baggage smasher, scraps of shape. | infirm tables, with or rheumatic legs: paper of every imaginable size snd condition; uted, crippled xxed tin cans, blacking and (ooth brushes, battered washtubs, ice-cream free tohaceo pipes and cigar stumps (appropriated by tne Italian ghouls for their own enjoyment), pitchers, cups, sauc- ers, bed springs, casters, bits of fron and wire and clothes wringers. When et length the debris has passed the cereful scrutiny of fhe hawkers it is dump- ed into the top of the furnace. The heat is kept ounc at about 2M degrees, and not an pf coal is used, the fire being main- tained by the combustion of the refuse. The greater part of the ashes sift down through the bottom of tne furnace and are removed every evening. It was found in the experiments last fall that seventy-five loads of debris were reduced by the furnace to about two loads of ashes. ‘The smoke and vapors are conducted through a horizontal flue some twenty feet in length to the high smokestack. At the base of this @ centrifugal or rapidly re- volving fan is kept in operation for the Purpose of abstracting from the chimney whatever ashes or solid particles may still j factories by which they were remain. The ashes thus collected are very fine, and ere eventually dumped into the bay. Costs but $2 a Day. & There are two engines, one to work the trough and the other to operate the fan. The boller is ctituated between the furnace and the smokestack and has a condenser on top. The cost of running plant was stated to be $2 per day. Of this $1.75 goes to the engineer and the. balance for incident- als. The material thus saved from the fur- nace ig arranged along one side of the in- closure in stalls.’ One of the stally con- tains brown paper tied up in bales; another centains white paper; another, beer bottles; another, wine bottles; another, miscel- laneous bottles; another, boots and shoes; anotker, old iron and furniture, and so on, the entire product of the dump being classi- fied and thus disposed of to purchasers, ¥ho buy of the contractor. Selling the Refuse. All of this stuff is, of course, made profit- able. The bottles are cleaned and used over again. Those containing a distinctive stamp or trade mark are returned to the originally issued. The fron from the wire. caster, etc., 1s sold to a manufacturer of window seshes and melted into weights used in balancing windows in their frames. ‘The paper is sold to wholesale paper manufacturers, who mash it into pulp and make it into paper again. ‘The old shoes are sold to enterprising Baxter street mer- chants, who lick them into some appear- ance of respectability and sell them at an enormous profit. Some of these shees even the Baxter street merchants will not take. These, it may hardly be said, are disrepu- table in the extreme. and are finally cast into the furnace. The woodwork of the lounges, beds and other articles of furni- ture is also burned, after every adjunct of apy possible value has been siripped off. It has been estimated that every man, woman and child throws away at least 2 cents in debris during the yeer. If tunis is so, the value of the stuff annually cast off is about $500,0u0. The present scheme posses: three points of economy, | Which may be summarized as folivws: It lessens the amount of material to be trensported to scows and dumped in the ocean; it turns into an actual profit to the city a lot of stuff which would otherwise be cast away; it generates steam power which. if properly employea, could afford he city a considerable revenue. The Steam Power is Valuable. It is this steam power which will probably prove the most important feature of the new crematiug process. Since the furnace 1s kept from morning to night at a very high temperature, it is evident that the heat sufficient to generate a large amount of steam. The steam gauge of the V bo jows off at sixty-five pounds, and as it Is blowing off all day long it may be calculated just what value in power is be- ing dissipated. It is estimated that the available energy thus wasted by this’ cre- matury is worth about a year. Com- inissioner Waring, in referring to this point, said that this steam power could be trans- itted and rented, and thus be turned to The crematory is not employed for burn- irg up vegetable and animal matter, which const!tutes but 4.61 per cent of all the re- BY BURNING. fuse. This is not because the machine cannot consume such matter, but it is not so constructed as to destroy’ the odors of bevuing garbage. } City Waste of One Year. In the year 1893 the street-cleaning de- partment of New York city collected 1,706, G2 loads of waste, distributed as follo From dwellings and tenements. Street sweep.n Public markets. Public parks, work Ashes joc from factories, etc. Total This represents about 1,100,000 loads of waste containing mixed garbage and ashes, and of this not more than 132,000 loads, or J2 per cent, may be said to be the garbage and organic waste which will putrify and emit disagreeable odors. This is coliected from fifty-eight different street-cleaning districts subdivided from twenty-four wards, covering an area sixteen miles long by two miles wide, and brought to sixteen separate dumps scattered along a water front of twenty-eight miles. If crematories such as the one described here be placed along the water front at convenient intervals, the residue of the mat- ter collected from dwellings, that is to say, the inorganic, or non-puirefying matter. could be disposed of quickly, and at a profit to the city. The ashes produced at the creimatories are very fine, and it is said they may be used for fertilizing. These ashes are proved | by analysis to have a positive value. Their use in various part8 of the country under varied conditions shows a value equal to the hardwood ashes of commerce, and they are now regulsrly sold and take their place in the list of commercial fertilizers. It is estimated that the screened crematory ashes, kept dry and properly cared for, are worih $10 per ton. In London, on the average, three shillings per ton are paid for the disposal of ashbin refuse and street _sweepings, exclusive of the expense o1 collecting it. This last item of expense will remain constant, no mat- ter what may be done with the stuff after it has been collected. Consequently, if a part of the garbage can be used, anid the barging saved, considerable economy may follow. The municipal authorities of. Lon- don have not been slow to perceive this, and arrangements have recently been en- tered into for using certain powers granted to them under the electric lighting provi- sional order for laying down a plant for lighting certain districts by electricity. ——— The Kaiser's Emotions at Metz. At the annual banquet of the Branden- burg diet in Berlin yesterday Emperor William made a long and eloquent speech, in which he referred to the splendid feats of arms of tie Brandenburg corps at Metz, and his own emotions on visiting the scene vf those sacrifices. He had then vowed that »o mark of gratitude should be too great for such services. He exhorted his hearers to defend the sacred memory of Ww liam I against every attack, for to him owe‘ all the benefits they experienced. He trusted that the German wives and midens who had cheerfully yielded their sons, husbands and lovers for the father- land would ever be mindful of their high calling, and would train their children to be good, able men. He called upon his hearers to work for the welfare of the fatherland. ———_-e+____ Major McKiuley the Guest. The annual banquet of the Tippecanoe Club at Cleveland last night at the Forest City House was participated in by nearly all the leading republicans of the city. Covers were laid for two hundred and twenty-five. Ex-Gov. McKinley was the guest of honor, and his address in response to the toast “The republican party” was the principal speech of the evening. Gov. Bushnell was prevented from being present by a previous engagement, and Lieut. Gov. Jones was kept away by the illness of his wife. Gen. Charles H. Gros- venor, who was to have pesponded to the toast “The republican 'y never fights behind breastworks,” sent his regrets. The most notable address, aside from that of Gov. McKinley, was delivered by Congress- man William Alden Smith of Grand Rap- ids, Mich., in response to the toast “Our foreign relations,’ S TOURING HAWAII President Dole Makes a Trip Over the Island. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ROADS Minister Willis and the Indepen- dence Celebration. THE BOSTON IN PORT Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. HONOLULU, February 1, 1896. President Dole has just been drawing public attention by making a leisurely tour around our largest island, Hawail, during the month of January, combining recreation with public service, in observing the needs of those districts. It has been very gratify- ing to hear of his cordial reception by all classes of the people, and especially of the natives. At every point he vis@%d the native people spontaneonsly gathered to welcome him. Mr. Dole fs naturally a popu- lar map, with a fine, attractive, genial pres- ence and opeaness of manner. His efforts in providing homesteads for the landless portion of the population are well appre- clated by the people. The president's attention has been par- ticularly drawn to the great‘need for roads in especially the western and southeastern districts of the large island. In these dis- tricts are extensive tracts of land, possess- ing the very highest natural fertility, but practically inaccessible without costly ex- penditure for roads. The country 18 ex- cessively rocky, so that roads have to be built over and through the rugged ledges of Java,-with great labor and expense. Otherwise there are only rough and difficult trails, on which a loaded pack animal can hardly make ten miles a day. Even to make suc¢ trails passable costs hundreds of dol- lars a mile when a matted jungle has to be hewn through, or a jagged clinker flow, torn into crested billows of ragged stones all on end, has to be worked into shape for travel. The Volcano Road. The best instance of the value of road- building on that island Is the recently con- structed Volcano road of thirty-one miles, which cost over $4,000 a mile. It is a well sraded macadamized track, of twenty feet width, through such obstacles as are above described. There is hardly a rod on the line that has not had te be torn through or built up like a stone wall, before the surfacing was applied. Eleven miles of this road. traverses «a lofty and dense forest of the greatest luxuriance, itself alone worthy a long journey of the tourist. In this forest, in consequence of the building of the road, have already been opened*coffee plantations on leased crown lands, which Pay the gov- ernmeat » of annual rentals. This in- come i, ‘ady realized as an incident of the $125.0) expenditure on the road. The sirface soil of this fcrest is a three- foot layer of the richest yellow loam. It 8s to have been a bed of volcanic ashes, which was showered over the dis- trict at a quite recent period. Underlying the loam is a bed of extremely rugged clinker lava. To make the road after the forest and jungle were cleared it was neces- 9 cut through the bed of loam to the and tear up the clinkers at the sides for piling up the roadbed in the center. A steam crusher and portable railway wer employed. Tne clinker iava is so porous that the excessive rains never form streams. The entire rainfa ‘oaks through into the cavernous rocky strata, so that it Is hardly possible anywhere to find a pool where water collects. With the wonderful rainfall, averaging fourteen inches a month, the settiers have to catch from their corrugated iron roofs all the water they use. On each side of the track are openings to the clearings within the forest. Some ten thousand acres, iying within a mile of the track, are in process of clearing. Miles farther within the dark jungle are tens of thousands more acres equally good, but needing additional roads to reach them. Far to the east and south stretch hundreds of thousands of acres of superb coffee lands, all inaccessible until the government can open them by costly roads. The condi- tions which render these lands peculiarly suitable for coffee culture are, first, the al- titude, ranging from 500 to 2,000 feet, and, second, the copious rainfall of from 120 to 150 inches per annum. Added to this is the fact that all the lands are of very recent voleante formation, supplying ‘soll pecu- liarly favorable to richly flavored coffee, like the volcanic soils of Java and Guate- maia. Ballt of Lava. = All this southeastern and wet section of Hawaii Island, forming a quadrangle of thirty by forty miles, is an easy slop2 built out into the Pacific by enormous floods of lava, gushing for, perhaps, one hundred thousand years from Mauna Loa, and its mighty adjutant volcano, Kilauea. The latter voleano has probably contributed the largest amount to the formation of this dis- trict of Puna. The latest invasion of the district by lava was in 1839, when a sub- terranean eruption from Kilauea buried three or four square miles. The chances of such disaster to any given section would not be once in a thousand years. Many times 2s seldom would occur the desiruct- ive ash showers, such as created the pe- cullar fertility of the Olaa coffee section along the voleano road. President Dole’s attention was more par. ticularly directed to the need of roads in Kona district. Hardly any part of this re- gion is yet passable by wheels, notwith- standing which many people settle there, especially Portuguese and Japanese, who are content to live in a small way. The agricultural part of Kona is a strip four miles wide by forty in length, lying along the western slopes of Mauna Loa and Mt. Hualalai (Wholierlye), which are, respect- ively, 14,000 and _ 9,000 feet in height. The entire shore of Kona is arid and barren. Between 1,000 and 4,000 feet altitude, aver- aging four miles in width, is moisture in- creasing with the ascent, and soil of the highest fertility between the low lav: ridges and hillucks. When old King “Ter- reeohoo” hospitably entertained the sup- posed god Lona, Capt. James Cook, at Keal- akekua in 1779, this district was the favor- ite home of Hawaiian chiefs and people. They delighted in the warm shore, with its sweet sea breeze, its abundant fisheries and its grand surf slidings. Two or three miles back were myriads of acres of the richest soll, whence they got a profusion of taro, sweet potatoes, yams and sugar cane, also bread fruit and bananas. Supplanied by Sugar. Fifty years ago oranges and ccffee were the chief exports of Kona. Both these products have greatly fallen off, owing to the diversion of industry to the more also suffered badly from blights, for which, only of late, has an assured remedy been found in different varieties of ladybugs, imported from the countries whence the Dlights originally came without their anti- dotes. Now both coffee and orange. indus- tries are reviving, especially the former. One large capitalized company is pushing coffee in a scientific manner, so as to mar- ket the choicest quality. It is well known that the best quality of Kona coffee has probably no superior on the globe; but it has never been carefully prepared and as- sorted. The came fs true of the orange culture. There are no grafted stocks and no intelll- gent pruning. The trees are practically wild. There is a small proportion of lus- cious, large globes, which utterly cast into shade the beautifully prepared California fruit which competes with them in Hono- lulu. The bulk of the oranges are inferior, though often high-flavored. Like every- thing in Kona, they are undeveloped. Forty years ago a tolerable horse trail was built through the rugged lava along the length of the district, with branch trails two or three miles to the numerous landings along the shore. Here the coast- ing steamer W. G. Hall calls every ten days, and the inhabitants pack their pro- duce down on animals, mostly diminutive donkeys, or pee-oo-lahs. Horses stumble too badly and would require the expense of shocing. The tough little burros are just tha thing. What now is needed is to re- piece all these trails with cart roads. ‘These need not be as finished and costly as the volcano road, but can hardly cost less than $1,000 per mile. Doubtless the legisla- ture, at its coming session, will make a liberal appropriation for roads in Kona, a3 well as in Puna‘and in North Hilo. Mr. lucrative sugar planting. Both products’ it to obtain per- sonal knowledge of; bea ‘odds were most needed, although Ineers and officials have already reported on the subject. Kona’s- @limate. This is a good place sto speak of the won- derful climate of which renders it a locelity of aeaualey lue for consumpttve invalids. I have no! young friend there who tried Algiers and Madeira in yain, and. in a steady decline came all the way from Europe to Kona, where she is now de- eidedly gaining strength. The entire dis- trict is absolutely cut off from the damp, susty trade wiuds bythe three lofty oun- tains of the interior of the island. Against the giant mountainsi Kea and Loa the trade winds pile up and then sweep away to the north and south, first precipitating their burdens of moisture in copious rain: over the Hilo and Puna districts. In con Sequence, thé whole of the ninety miles of the western shore of Hawaii is absolutely arid and barren, no rain visiting the shores, except during the brief southwesterly gaies of the winter season. This secures for the district an exceptional freedom from winds, uniformity of temperature, and absence of humidity, all to a degree found in hardls any locality In this group, and not any- where else, so far as Known. On the shore, however, the climate is too warm and relaxing. By ascending 1,200 feet to the cultivated strip, a bracing tem. perature is obtained, without the excessive humidity found at a double or treble al- titude. It is in a few comfortable, well- kept homes of old settlers on the upland road at the altitude named that a few in- valids are frequently found reclining on Sunny verandas, with magnificent outlook on the shimmering western ocean, or rid- ing along romantic trails among orange &nd mountain-apple orchards, or clinker piles covered with luxuriant morning-glory or gay lantana thickets. In this cool, dry, balmy air ‘they breathe healing to their Wounded lungs and gather flesh on their wasted frames. The great humidity a few miles inland ig remarkable. It is due to the sea breze. The heat of the rocks inland produces a strong draft of air from the sea daily, be- ginning early in the forenoon and lasting, until sundown, with perfect regularity: This sea breeze comes in with a moderate burden of moisture, which it necessarily deposits after rising to a sufficient aititude. Hence, before noon every day, a heavy bank of cloud gathers over the upland tor- est, which it nourishes, and gradually hangs lower and lower, shedding its rain every afternoon copiously upon the higher forest and gently upon the lower farming belt. While the latter enjoys but moderate humidity not unfavorable to the weakest lungs, the forest region 1s dank and drip- ping, and abounds in gigantic specimens of timber. In such a place I once found an akala or native raspberry two and a half inches in diameter, growing among a cluster at the pendulous end of a cane over foriy feet-in length. Skirting Mauna Loa. . The president and his party continued their inspection over the extremely rugged route of south Kona and western Ka-u (Kah-oo.) This whole region skirts for forty miles the lower western flank of the broad dome of Mauna Loa. Probably not a century has passed since man dwelt on this globe in which this mighty velcano has not sent one or more devastating tloods of lava streaming across this belt to the sea. For the entire forty miles the road traverses old and new beds of lava, mostly of the clinker variety, on which vegeta- tion best flourishes, but which 1s as nearly impassable to travel as ground can be made, although a road once built over it seldom needs repair, except when a new outpour of fire obliterates it. Such rude trail as existed for harses was thus covered twice for about a mile, once in 1868 and again in 1886. The government is unlikely to construct any expensive road through this barren and unpromising borderland of Ka-u and Kona, especially in the absence of any fire insurance on the work. Mr. Dole here turned eastward, travers- ing the rich planting district of central Ka-u, and its eastern desert of fifteen s, which was devastated in 1790 by an plosive” eruption of Kilauea, covering ion with gravel and pumice. A of fifty miles from the south point island brought the official party to the Volcano House, tht last thirty being by stage coach over a rough road. Here they met the very first yurty of visitors who had rushed up from Hilo to see the mas- acle of an uprush of lava in ter fifteen months of quics- cence. During, the first. three weeks since the return of the fires on the 4th of Janu- ary the hotel has ehtertained about 150 guests from all parts of the world. Among them were the premier of Queensland and two high officials, who have been here to spy out the land. They returned home fast week after a busy sojourn of sixteen day: heir visit has called our attention strong- ly to ihe Immense promise and resources of their colony, and to the coming vast im- portance of Queensland as a factor in the future commerce of the Pacific. We have evidence that in their turn they have car- ried home the strongest sense of the com- manding position and importance of Ha- wali as the great central crossing point of that fast-growing commer Sliding Down Hill. From the voleano to Hilo by the new rcad was a mere s!'de down hill of thirty- one miles and 4,000 feet fall, which has Leen done on bikes in two hours. The pres- ident was warmly welcomed in this chief town of the big island, and made the peo- ple feel that he was thoroughly interested in the welfare and progress of their beau- tful and important seaport. There is no truth whatever, by the way, in a recent re- pert sent from here to the Associated Press that Hilo people were moving to secede from the republic. Nothing of the kind was ever thought of by any one. The re- pert grew out of some talk of theirs to de- mand local direction of the revenues raised on that island—a sort of home rule—in the belief that the capital was receiving more than its share of public improvements. A wise citizen, however, easily demonstrated to the malcontents that on the new plan they would have less to spend than they had been getting. That was the last that was heard on that subject. The citizens of Hilo are awake and pro- gressive, and fully conscious that they have a very good thing in hand in the way of developing their. possibilities. Their strong- est immédiate outcry is for wharves, of which as yet they have none even for light- ers. The trouble has been that the only side of the harbor free from the swell is from cne and a half to two miles from the busiest center. It might be connected by a railway along the beach. This will doubt- less be done, and wharves built alongside which ships can lie. Such wharves would be subject at rare intervals to peril from extraordinary northerly swells, also from “tidal” or earthquake waves, generated on the South American coast. Such waves came in 1840 and atout 1870, concentrating fcrce in the long, narrowing bay outside of Hilo harbor, and rising twenty fect above high tide, devastating the shore and destroying many lives. What is very greatly needed both for Hilo and for the rich plantation country skirting the precipitous coast for fifty miles north is a line of railway connecting those plantations with the only harbor. At present their 60,000 tons of sugar are slung down 200 to 400 feet ,of precipice on wire hawsers Into tossing boats, which not rare- ly capsize. Or here and there is a rude p:er and derrick, frot which a boat can be Icaded in fine weathtt. This is often im- possible for three weaks at a time, and the sugar overflows the, warehouses. The pro- pesed railway must wind in and out of seme sixty canons, latge and ‘small, which seam the lofty slopes of the giant Mauna Kea, along whose fifty miles of base the plantations lie. Many of these canons range from 200 to 50) feet in depth at the sea coast. To cross'them will necessitate Icng deviations inland and many viaducts. The railway will beia paying one. It will doubtless be built during the next ten years, and will greatly contribute to the prosperity of Hilo. **” President Dole coniiitued his journey over the intended railway time, designing to see tee suit Dole has felt it tmpor mi Pancake Flour. ‘A combination of the great, stuffs of life WHEAT, CORN and RICE GRERES OU GUaiAR TEI pay oe, pactage ot ‘and if you do not find itsisues the Dest cakes yaa ever ate, return the empty box to your > leave yous name, and the grocer ‘will fefund the ‘money Boyt : ep Packa GE. ‘AKE NO SUBSTITUTES, Sclentigcalty .54 Manufactured oaly by, ed and i t, DAVIN ks a ie ee va ‘MILL ©0., Bt. Joseph, for himself some proposed protection of ge cere on the northeast alae. of — ‘oa. These exiensive-woods have during the past fifty years been so greatly reduced by the destructive ravages of the half- wild cattle that the streams have dried up and the rainfall has been reduced, to the great injury of the plantations. From that point the president was to rejoin his wife in Kona, returning to Honolulu early next week, ‘The Willis Incident. ‘An unpleasant difference between this government and United States Minister Willis has been elicited by the return, on January 17, of the anniversary of the over- throw of the monarchy, to which event the republic owes its existence, and which it accordingly observes as a holiday. Accord- ing to custom on government holidays, the diplomatic representatives of the different nations were invited to participate, as they usually do, by displaying their flags, and, if one of their national ships be in port, by saluting. On receiving the invitation Mr. Willis con- ferred with his British, French and Japan- ese colleagues of the diplomatic corps, and, as is well ascertained, induced them to send reply that they would not participate in the holiday, for the reason that their govern- ments had never extended official recogni- ticn to the provisional government, which was established on the day commemorated. Mr. Willis was unable himself to assign a similar reason for declining, because Presi- dent Harrison had recognized the pro- visional government, and President Cleve- land had accredited to it both Mr. Blount and the present minister. Minister Willis accordingly replMed by acknowledging the invitation, adding that he would submit the question to his government. He also with- held from delivery the invitations sent to him for Consul Mills and Captain Pigman of the United States gunboat Bennington. This treatment of a government holiday by the diplomats was painfully felt by the government. The British commissioner soon after took pains to intimate in an informal way that he had misconceived the situation, although he did not explicitly say so. Our foreign minister (Cooper) addressed a note to Minister Willis, asking for some specific reason for his demur in observing the day. Mr. Willis has so far avoided a direct reply. This government desires to know whether its right to designate holidays is subject or not to the review of foreign powers. ‘The true reason of the attitude of Minister Willis is sufficiently obvious. He came here in November, 1393, commissioned by Presi- dent Cleveland to restore the queen, and thereby undo and set right the grievous wrong which the President had pronounced to have been done by John L. Stevens and the United States, naval forces on that 17th of Jariuary, 1x93. ment had been “conceived in sin and brought forth in iniquity” on that day by the nefarious conspiracy of Stevens and Wiltse. Mr. Willis had to that effect officially clared on the 19th of the ensuing December, when he demanded of President Dole his abdication of office. Now he is asked to participate in celebrating as honorable and beneficent the event which he had de- nounced as an iniquity. Surely he had cause for hesitation. Mr. Willis has deported him- self in a friendly manner, and done much to bury the past, but, unhappily, the past Is lable to be unexpectedly revived. This government and {ts supporters hold in the highest honor the memory of the day when thelr exemplary courage and patriot- ism overthrew a foolish and wayward queen and established honest and liberal govern- ment. They absolutely deny any _partici- pation of the United States naval forces in that act. The present government of the republic owes its existence to the revolution then effected. They are bound in honor to observe the day, and propose to do so. If the American minister is by his past record debarred from participating in the com- memoration of a triumph of liberal insti- puro over despotism, that is his misfor- une. The Boston. Two days ago at noon there swept around Diamond Head and into our harbor our old friend, the U. S. S. Boston, whose forces were interested and sympathctic observers of that glorious revolution. We have a spe- cial and permanent interest in that ship. Was it a good omen that just as she came in our tedious, murky, southerly weather of six weeks past suddenly > place to bright, cold, northerly which we always welcome” ern liberty and enterprise over these tropical island: KAMEHAMEHA. A Row in Kentucky. Bw trades, the breath of north. ever blow freshly A special from Frankfort says: The strated relations between Governor Brad- ley and Congressman Hunter, the republi- can nominee for Senator against Blackburn, have reached a crisis since the publication In Louisville of an article charging Gov- ernor Bradley with the responsibility of Hunter not being elected. Governor Brad- ley demanéed that Dr. Hunter make a de- nial of the charge. Hunter declined to do so, and adds that the gravity of the sitna- tion might have been pre ernor. After this unpleasant passage Gov- ernor Bradley said Dr. Hunter was mad be- cause the governor would not come before a republican caucus and pledge himself to is- sue a certificate of election to Hunter, on the plan of unseating enough democrats to make sure of Hunter's election. More ser! ous trouble is expected between Bradley and Hunter. Bishop Williams’ Election Confirmed. A special from Marquette, Mich., say: Telegrams received here from Bishop Wil- Hams of Connecticut state that Archdeacon G. Mott Williams, who was last November elected hishop of the Marquette diocese, has received the favorable vote of a majority of the house of bishops, thus confirming his election. +o<2-____ Expenditures of the District. Interesting information regarding the an- nual amount of money expended by the Dis- trict of Columbia will be found on page 13 of The Star's Almanac for 1896. 25c. per copy. For sale at all news stands and at The Star office counting rooms. DON’T WASTE, In other words, take care of what you have—this is good advice, and should be followed, especially as to your health. The one thing that insures a con- tinuance of health or the gaining of it, if out of health, is sufficient and proper nourishment. Experience has taught many of the hard workers of this life that the best dietetic tonic to employ in con- nection with good food is the world- wide used and appreciated Genuine JOHANN HOFEF’S MALT TRACT. 12 Battles are worth a cask of ale in nutritive’ and tonic properties, without being intoxicating. Beware of worthless imitations. Ask for the Genuine JOHANN HOFF’S MALT EXTRACT. Avoid substitutes. ERPES ROO EESE SOE DOES COTIEETOS The least expensive— The most satisfactory— C-O-K-=E. It gives out more heat than any other fuel—no waste—dirt or clinkers, Economy, cenvenience and quality recommend it to all saving house- keepers. 3 40 bushels (uncrushed), $2.90. 40 bushels (crushed), $3.70. Washington (Gaslight Co., 3 413- 10TH ST. N.W. WM. J. ZEH, 926 N st. ‘Phono 476, fel7-26d PEOPLES EEEGESPEEEGRELCEEGES ONE Boures EVERY DAY ANHEUSER-BUSCH’S MALT-NUTRINE means from 2 to 5 pounds a week gained in healthy flesh. $a8-W&L,26t The provisional govern— EXTENDED TO THE ORINOCO, Limits of Dutch Guiana According to Old Maps. In the Canadian hovse of commons fast night Mr. -David Mills, Canada’s foremost authority on’ international law; made an important announcement. “I would like to call the attention of the government,” he said, “to the fact that I have discovered in the parliamentary l- bracy here several old maps, some French and some Dutch; which give the boundaries of the Spanish and Dutch possessions in South Anerica, and according to which the boundary line drawn is at least as ex- tensive as the present claim of the British goverrment. Now, these may be in the foreign office of England or they may not, and it seems to me it would be a proper thing and in the public interest if the gov- ernment were to order copies of these maps and have them placed at the disposal of the foreign office. 2 “There is a map of M. De Lisle, who was first geographer to the King of France, of 1722; there is also a map of Pepple & Mitchell, dated 1774, giving the boundaries of Venezuela, Andalusia and Surinam; also atlas of the whole continent of America from 1680 to 1838; Danville’s map of the north part of South America, 1776, and also Mortler’s map of 1746. There is also a map of Robert DeVangoudy, who was geographer to the King of Poland, bearing date 1771. All of them extend the boundary ef Dutch Guiana ag far west as the mouth of the Orinoco river, and some of them fol- low up that river for a considerable dis- tance.”” Sir Charles Tupper, Bart., sald the gov- ernment would forward copies of the map: to the imperial authorities. ee ee “UNOFFICIAL PROPOSALS.” Published Rumors About Arbltrating he Vencsuclan Dispute. The St. Jumes Gazette of London says that the rumors in circulation as to an actual agreement to submit the Venezu- elan question to arbitration having been arrived at between the governments of the United States, and Great Britain must be received with caution, adding: “We can state with confidence that the Proposals made are absolutely unotticial, and that no suggestion has been formally made by either government. The ‘Times correspondent, the Chronicle and the daily News express their opinion and do not make a statement of fact. At the same time there is a disposition to believe that the United States will assist Great Britain in fixing the basis of the arbitration.” The Westminster Gazette surmises that as soon as the basis for negotiations is set- tled the Venezuelan question will be with- drawn from controversy, and that the next step will be the framing of a treaty provid- ing for the establishment of a permanent court of arbitration between the two En- glish-speaking nations. The Westminster Gazette adds: “The liberal leaders would welcome it with enthusiasm. We are in a position to state that Lord Rosebery actually invited negotiations with Washington for perman- ent arbitration, and proposed, in the event of diplomatic hitches, that the chief justice of the Supreme Court of the United ates and the chief justice of England should meet and decide how to deal with a differ- ence. They might even settle it them- selves. An eminent conservative propeses the alternative of a lord high arbitrator to be appointed by each cabinet.” Chapter House Burned. Fire broke out at the-Beta Theta Fi Fra- ternity House, at State €ollege, at e~ fonte, Pa., yesterday, and before help could arrive the handsome building was en- tirely destroyed. The students saved noth- ing, and were compelled to. travel through snow to a hotel in their night cloth is supposed the fire originated from an grate. The loss on the building is $1 partly covered by insurance. The students will lose about $2,000, STRENGTH FROM FOOD But the Food Must Be Digested. There is no way to get strong Without food. Food ts the strength maker. Just enough food, properly digested, makes the Strong and healthy man or woman. Too much, too little, or even the right quantity, not digested, will make anybody weak. ‘The beginning of all elckness is weakness, The beginning of all weakness Is indigestion. So to keep strong, look after your digestion. That is the most important point of all. When your food ferments in your stomach and forms gas, causes dizziness, nausea, bad taste, sick headache, full feeling, nervousnoss, irrilabl- ity, ete., you have indigestion. You are losing a part of your fe. Every hour you are sick causes a loss of strength. The way to cure it ts to take Shaker Digestive Cordial. A few doses will relieve. If you take 4c Jong enough you will regain the etrength you have lost. Shaker Digestive Cordial 1s made from herbs and plants by the Shakers of Mount Lebanon. It contains very strong dixestive tonic properties. It creates strength, It makes your food make you strong and bright and healthy. It clears your complexion and strengthens your body against dis. ease. If you want to get strong and well, try a bottle. Sold by all druggists at 40, 25, 50 cents and $1.00 a bottle. 22k. Gold crown and bridgework. We construct crown and bridgework upon broken or decayed teeth and roots—with- out the use of plates— and }WITHOUT PAIN Our‘work is as com- fortable, useful and in R MEDICINAL USE .NO FUSEL OIL. COUGHS, COLDS, GRIP, CHILLS, PNEUMONIA can be safely avoided by the use of is great whiskey. Beware of all imitations, All druggists and grocers keep it. Send for pamphlet. DUFFY MALT WHISKEY Co., Rochester, N.Y. Congressman Francis H. Wilson cured of Bronchitis. oe PLE COURT, NEW YORK, Nov. 26, 1nod. My Dear Mr. Wyckoff On your sugges tion I procured from your friend, Mr. Booth, «one of his pocket inhalers. It has worked Mke a charm. ‘The tronebitis has cntirely Aisappenred, and, thanks you, is the first thing I have found tr ten years that has giv permanent relief. Cordially yours, F. H. WILSO) (The above ts to the late W. 0. Wyckott, eaq., president Remington Typewriter Cov We chim for HYOMEI, the Australiag “Dry Air” treatment, and for Booth’s Pocket Inhaler Outfit, $1.00, that St will immediately relieve and prompte ly cure Catarrh, Asthma, Bronchitis, Lare yngitis, Coughs, Colds and all Pulmonary and Bronchial troubles, THE R. T BOOTH Co, ‘23 Kast 20th st., New York, Auy drncgist has M1, or can get It for you, IF YOU INSIST. Don’t be persuaded © busing a substitute, ‘Phere is nothing it on the market. Cor, 11th and F su Franklin & Co., OPTICIANS, have removed to their new store, 1203 F St. N.W. Large and Select Stock of OPERA and DRAB RAMEE deververererve vers (FIELD GLASSES, SPECTACLES, EYE- « GLASSES, ETC., ETC. Gculists’ prescriptions carefully filled. ¢ joz2-tr IF YOU TAKE > TREATMENT ar CATARRH, ASTHMA, BRONCHITIS or DEAFNESS, you waut it to result in a cure. My methods are thorough and efficient. to cure, Consultation free, Dr. Jordan, 1421 F St. N. W. to 4:30 and 6 to 8 fe10-284 I treat ® to 12 m. Gray Hair vovery is used. Guarenieed t faded Lair to its natural « ian’ Crystal Diae rt wakes the weost re ~~ No poison. No sediment. - Trial size, Se. KOLB: ‘A 488 7TH ST. NW, Sent, express prepaid, part of the comtry ou recelpt of price. dest $A RRR The one clean, staple power, the one steady, bright light. ELECTRICITY. The most inexpensive and reliable hat begins at the turn of the and ends as quickly. The brightest and most beautiful Hgbt. U.S. Electric Lighting Co., 213 14th St. ‘Phone 77. febr1-2c Great Reduction In Mair. y $6.50. #1050. OF Virst-c attendance in Hair Dressiy Shampoomg. sag Profession: igs for hire. S. HELLER’S, 720 7th Street N. W. {430-208 ra APP It didn’t. seem most cases more beau-| ¢Possible to make ° 15) such a trunk for tiful than the natural teeth. Considering it: PERMANANCY, it is very INEXPENSIVE. Best 22k. gold § - crowns and bridge teeth... Painless extracting, 50c.; cleaning, Te.; silver fillings, 75c.; platina fillings, best artificial teeth, §8. Dental U aS Association, Cor. D and 7th Sts. Offics Loute, 8 to 6. fell 3m,60 i Splendid Glasses| 3 For$r. Ey eglasses or Spec- 'd tacles—with our finest lenses. Perfectly adjusted and fitted to the eyes. Oculists’ pre- scriptions accurately filled. McAllister & Co., OPTICIANS, 1311 F Stone (cigar ‘|WE HAVE & Wut we have bee to sell striving for years Strongest trunks for the und we have struck it in ms flat covered, : 3h reinforced strips; cl WS; heavy tock hott; Jock; heavy hard-woed cleats; full- covered tray—awuslin Lined throughout 28-in. 30-tn. 32-in. 24-in. 36-In. HIS $5.2 $75 $625 $075 Name marked on it aed a Strap free of charge. (Kneessi, 42§ 7th St. fel8.2s4 fy eee - GET. THE BEST— _ “The Concord Harness” 20 per cent discount on Winter Horse Blank: aud Lap Robes. ~~ LUTZ & GRO, 497 Pa. Ave. N.W. fo1T-164 ‘ational Hotel.) i ext INSTEP CUSHION Prevents Corus, Ingrowin nd Club Nalis,’ hose wearing throwsk heel and toe, slipping at heel, ete. ve, 5c. pair. PROF. J. J. GEORGES & SOx, Chiropodists, 1115 Pa. are, 8 to 6 p.m. Sundays, 9 to i2. 10d with any other house “ert a Whea com See |NO BRANCH, Stoves, Tee. “choaned SF Wagon will call, ANTON FISCHER, 906 G St. fel7-34