Evening Star Newspaper, May 10, 1895, Page 14

14 THE EVENING STAR, FRIDAY, MAY 10; 1895—SIXTEEN PAGKS. — U. S. SENATE TO DECIDE The Question of the Election of Henry A. DuPont. Adjournment of the General Assembly of Delaware After the 211th 7 Ballot at Dover. ‘The general assembly of the state of Del- ware adjourned sine die at 3 o’clock yes- terday afternoon. The two hundred and eleventh ballot since the deadlock over the election of a United States Senator began four months ago was taken just before the adjournment, and resulted in 15 votes being cast for Henry A. DuPont, 4 for J. Edward Addicks, 9 for Edward Ridgely and 1 for Ebe W. Tunnell. Gov. Watson, who, by reason of the fact that he was speaker of the senate previous to his elevation to the gubernatorial chair, upon the death of Gov. Marvil, presided over the joint session, then announced that no election of United States Senator had Geen made, and declared the assembly ad- Journed sine die. ¥ Declared DuPont Elected. Upon this, Speaker of the House McMul- len, a republican, arose and, as announced in The Star yesterday, formally declared Henry A. DuPont elected United States Senator. This action had previously been agreed upon by the republican leaders, and now the question of whether Henry A. DuPont has been legally elected United States Sen- tor or not must be determined by the United States Sér rte. ‘The Delaware legislature is composed of twenty-one representatives and nine sena-.| tors, sixteen being a majority on joint bal- lot. The republicans claim that when Sea- ator Watson, by virtue of his position as speaker of the senate, succeeded to the gov- ernorship upon the death of Gov. Marvil one month ago, the number of senators was reduced to eight, and therefore there were only twenty-nine ur joint ballot, and that fifteen votes ‘onstitute a majority. On the other hand, the democrats and Gov. Watson claim that the law distinctly declares that the “speaker of the senate” shall exercise the office of governor. There- fore, if Mr. Watson had withdrawn from the senate he ceazes to be “speaker of the senate,” and consequently loses the gover- Torship, Col. DuPont's Career. Cok. Henry A. DuPont fs a member of the famous DuPont family who have n manufacturers of powder and other explo- sives for over a century. He is a son of the late Gen. Henry DuPont, and was born at Brandywine Banks in 1836. He attended the University of Pennsylvania, and was subsequently appointed to the United States Military Academy at West Point, graduat- ing in 1861. He entered the fifth United States artillery and served through the civil war. In 1874 he was married to Miss Pauline Foster of New York city. He is a member of the firm of E. I. DuPont, DeNe- mours & Co., and is also president of the ‘Wilmington and Northern railroad. Col. DuPont has been a republican ever since the organization“of that party. He ‘Was never an aspirant for office, but always took an active interest in local political af- fairs. In 1892 he was a candidate for pres- idential elector on the republican ticket, but was defeated, Cleveland carrying the State at that election. ——__+e+____ FARRAGUT STORY DENIED. Capt. Slade Says That the Admiral Was Not Lashed to the. Must. H. L. Slade, an employe of the Taunton locomotive works and a reputable citizen of Taunton, Mass., says he is tired of hear- | dy ing about Admiral Farragut being lashed to the mast in the Mobile bay. Mr. Slade Was captain of a 24-pound howitzer on the United States gunboat Mino during that affair, was familiar with the movement on board the flagship, and had ample op- portunity to see the admiral, especially during his moments spent in his improvised watch tower. “While the Hartford was working under gteam,” said Mr. Slade, “with many of her light spars on deck, the old iron of the eremy was always directed not only to- ward disabling the boilers, but cutting the spars in pieces. Had Admiral Farragut been lashed to the mast he would have been unnecessarily exposing himself. As @ matter of fact, the admiral stood per- fectly free on a large grating, which had been taken from near the wheel, and which ‘was lashed in the starboard mizzen rig- ging, about three feet above the ham- mock nettings. At one time a portion of the lashings were cut away, and the ad- miral was precipitated to the deck, saving himself, however, from injury by grasping some of the running rigging as he went down. The lashings were once again put on the gratings, and the admiral resumed his old position.” Mr. Slade says he has no doubt that the man who recently died and.who claimed the honor of lashing the fleet commander to the rigging was one of a gang who lashed the rigging. Prt Fire Engines. From the Philadelphia Inquirer. The oldest known fire engine for pumping water is probably the one mentioned in the Spiritalia of Hero, about 150 B. C. This en- gine, it ts said, was contrived with two single acting pumps, with a single beam pivoted between the two for working the plungers. The streams of water united in a single diseharge pipe and passed up through a trough having an air chamber, and out of a nozzle which might be turned in any direction, as desired. Fire engines appear also to have been used extensively by the early Romans, who furthérmore or- ganized regular fire brigades. In the early part of the sixteenth century @ fire engine known as a “water syringe” ‘was introduced, which, in a measure, re- sembled the modern forms of fire engines. ‘This was mounted on wheels and the water ‘was poured by levers. This form of engine Was very generally used in Germany. In England, about the same time, large brass syringes were used. These held several quarts of water, and were operated by three men, two of them holding the syringe at each side with one hand and directing the nozzle with the other, while the third operated the plunger. It was necessary, after having discharged the water from the syringe, to refill it from a well or cistern near the fire or from buckets. The syringes were later fixed to portable tanks of water. ‘The first successful fire engine was prob- ably the Newsham engine, and this was the pioneer of manually operated fire en- gines, The pumps in these engines were built on many different designs, but in most cases they were operated by levers. Eire engines similar in form to the Newsham engine were in use up to the year 1850. School. An Exposition From the Savannah News. One of the features of the educational exhibit in the Georgia building at Atlanta, for which bids are now being asked by the exposition company, will be a model school | upon which State School Commissioner Glenn has been at work for some time. It will be located in one of the wings of the, building, Which has been arranged by the architect with a view to fts use as a echool room. Different teachers will be selected from different portions of the state, and will serve for a time, and then give for 2 in this way en a chance of showing Children from different 5 what they can do. Bchools will be selected to attend the school during the exposition, and in this way it will not become tiresome to either the teachers or the scholars. The school will be open to visitors at all times, and much good will be done in showing what the state is doing for the education of her chil. dren. ————+e+-_____ The Truth of It. From the Chi Teach: can you define for us the difference between ‘caution’ and ‘cow- ardice’?" Johnny—"Yesstim. When’ you're scart to | Ko out on a boat an’ stay home for {vl sink, and the boat comes in all ri THE CHINESE-JAPANESE WAR Part Played by the United States in At- tempting to End It. Am Offer of Friendly Mediation to Japan at China’s Request, Which ‘Was Courteously Declined. The State Department has just published an appendix to the volume of foreign re- lations of 1894, comprising a history of the Chinese-Japanese war, the correspondence relative to the enforcement of regulations respecting fur seals, affgirs at Bluefields and the Mosquito territory, the old Mora claim, reciprocity correspondence with Co- lombia, Hayti and Venezuela and corre- spondence concerning affairs in Samoa. With the exception of the first named all of these eubjects have been fully treated and documents supplied to Congress in answer to resolutions during the last ses- sion. While valuable from a historical point of view, the main interest here in the correspondence is found in those dis- Patches that indicate the part played by the United States in its efforts to prevent war between China and Japan, and after- ward to bring about mediation. On November 23 Mr. Denby cabled at the expense of the Chinese government an ap- peal to the President to do China the great favor to intervene to stop war and re-es- tablish peace. A Tender of Friendly Offices. In reply Mr. Gresham cabled November 26 as follows: “Prompted by that sincere friendship which the United States con- stantly desire to show toward China, the President directs that you intimate his readiness to tender his good offices toward bringing the present war with Japan to a close on terms alike honorable to both na- tions, should he be assured that such a tender would be acceptable to both.” At the same time he cabled Minister Dunn as follows: “The deplorable war between Jap- an and China endangers no policy of the United States in Asia. Our attitude toward the belligerents fs that of an impartial and friendly neutral, desiring the welfare of both. If the struggle continues without check to Japan’s military operations on land and sea,it is not improbable that other powers having interests in that quarter may demand a settlement not favorable to Japan's future security and well-being. Cherishing the most friendly sentiments of regard for Japan, the President directs that you ascertain whether a tender of his good offices in the interests of a peace alike honorable to both nations would be acceptabie to the government at Tokyo.” The Offer Declined. Two days later he cabled Mr. Denby that while the President preferred to act alone, he would act jointly with other powers, if Japan consented, to determine the amount of indemnity. After some future corre- spondence showing that China was anxious to accept our good offices on the terms pro- posed, Mr. Dunn transmits under date of November 17 a very courteously worded note from the Japanese government prac- tically declining the offer. It speaks of the success attending the Japanese arms as relieving the government of the necessity of invoking the co-operation of the powers to stop hostilities, and says that the limits guaranteeing Japan the just and reason- able fruits of war cannot be said to have been reached until China approaches Japan directly upon the subject. This course was followed and resulted in the conclusion of @ tréaty of peace. o WORLD'S CARRYING TRADE. England Has Over Half the Vessels and We Over Half the Railroads. From the Contemporary Review. The people of the, British empire own more than half the ocean vessels of the world, and 60 per cent of the annual sav- ings of the nation is expended in building new ships and railroads. Since. 1840 the tonnage of British shipping has trebled, while that of all other nations has only doubled. Fifty years ago British shipping held one-third the carrying trade of the high seas. Today it holds over one-half. Sailing vessels have now an aggregate carrying capacity of only one-fifth that of steam vessels. The decline of tonnage of sailing vessels since 186) has been 4,000,000 tons. The increase in trade has not fully kept pace with increase of tonnage, which gives color to the assertion made in some quarters that the business of transporta- tion, like other industries, has been devei- oped to a point beyond existing needs. The greatest increase in port entries is found in the colonies and South America. The tendency in ship building at present is to- ward increase of size. Turning next to the railway carrying trade, we find that there-are now in opera- tion 410,000 miles. This would be sufficient to girdle the earth at the equator about sixteen times. The total cost of these rail- ways has been $5,073,400,000,000. Of ex- isting railway mileage 99 per cent has been built since 1840. Since 1860 the average an- nual railway construction has been 10,000 miles. Railway traffic has reacted upon marine traffic to largely increase the lat- ter. In 1850 the cost of land carriage was eight times as much as {t is in 1895. While Great Britain holds supremacy in ocean traflic, the United States is far in advance in railway traffic, doing two-thirds of all the railway transportation of goo and owning one-third of the total railwa: mileage of the globe. The navigable waterways of different countries (rivers and canals) are, in miles, as follows: Great Britain, 3,810; France, 7,730; Germany, 17,080; “Russia, 33,20: Austria, 7,200;" Canada, 3,360;" United States, 51,820; Brazil, 22,000. The carrying capacity of vessels navigating lakes and rivers of the United States is 9,300,000 tons. Of the total carrying traffic of the Suez canal, British vessels do 76 per cent. The net profits cf this canal in 1892 amounted to 8.5 per cent of the cost of its construc- tion. —__+e+_____ THE GREAT LANSING MYSTERY. Thurlow Weed Knew Why the Dis- tinguished Chancellor Disappeared. New York Letter to Philadelphia Press. ‘The lawyers engaged in a case of some consequence were turning the other day to the ‘state reports, and discovered there a decision or an opinion by Chancellor Lans- ing, which for the time caused the common law and the statutes to be forgotten and the mystery of the chancellor's disappear- ance to be discussed. He was one of the great lawyers of the state, and he had the promise of even higher honor than the chancellorship gavé him. He was and he was not in a singleday, almost in an hour. He had led such &. life as-is deemed es- sential for the jurist who és to determine causes with ability:and integrity. His in- fluence was felt inthe jurisprudence of the state and almost to as gregt a degree as his illustrious predecessor, Ghancellor Kent. One evening he .took the, Hudson river boat, which was then the favorite way of traveling between New York and Afbany. His health seemed to be perfect, his anima- tion was delightful, and infected a little group of lawyers and politicians with whom he chatted. He bade them good nightater a while, but tt was a good night whichwas also an eternal good-bye. When the steam- boat reached its pier he was not among the passengers who disembarked. “They searched his stateroom, and it was empty. He was gone as though caught up in the clouds. It seemed impossible that he could have jumped or fallen into the river with= out discovery by the watch. No reason for suicide, and certainly none for flight, was suggested by those who knew him’ inti- mately. It was one of the greatest mysteries of the time, and one of the greatest of sensa- tional disappearances. One of the lawyers, after hesitating a moment, said: ‘The disappearance of Chan- cellor Lansing was for most persons a mys- tery, and for two or three one of the best kept secrets. Thurlow Weed knew the story. He confided it to but one person. That friend shortly before his death said stmply so much as this: ‘Chancellor Lan- sing did not commit suicide, but became a voluntary exile. He did not do it for financial or business reasons. When he de- parted from that steamboat he left his identity behind him. He took a new name, and ©¢ far as he could a new nature. He where he was not known, and he died " iz but with the object of his rance fully carried out.’ What s his motive? Thurlow Weed and one rman alone kne Not many of those ns of the chancellor rture was not death, great a mystery to the state GOOD MUSICIANS Brief Sketch of the Georgetown Orchestra’s Career. - . THE BEST ORGANIZATION OF TIS KIND Its Rapid Growth From a Simple Quartet of Players. ITS PRESENT LEADER ———_>___ ‘The Georgetown Orchestra is the oldest instrumental amateur organization in the District. It grew out of the assembling of four gentlemen—Messrs. H. D. Cooke, T. H. Gibbs, G. S. Hein and Dr. F. S. Barbarin— who met in 1877 to practice together, their only object being the enjoyment that such meetings would give them in playing the works of the great composers. All were good musicians and all had an ardent love for the art. They had no idea at first of Increasing their number, but each had friends who were good musicians and who desired to get the benefit of ensemble play- ing, and all realized that chamber music was necessarily restricted, and so others were added to the quartet until, a good- sized orchestra was the result. While it was at first intended to play only for mu- tual benefit and enjoyment the members were urged by their friends to give public performances, so that they could afford gratification to a wider circte. It was then decided to give public re- hearsals and from the first these were largely attended by the best people, and the work of the orchestra was highly appre- ciated. After.a complete organization was effected the orchestra was regularly offi- cered and it soon had a large list of hon- crary members,through whose contributions it was enabled to give its public rehearsals. For years these were entirely invitation. affairs, intended for the honorary members and their friends, and the cards of admis- sion were eagerly sought by all lovers of music in the District. The best amateurs conriected themselves with this orchestra and its numbers increased so that it be- came probably as iarge as any similar body in the country. Indeed, It Is doubted if in any other city there is so large an organization of amateur musicians, whose only object is the promotion of their in- dividual and collective improvement from their love of music. ‘The aim of the Georgetown Orchestra was always high, anf frequently in its earlier history it attempted works that had been given by skilled professional orchestras and which naturally induced comparisons. But the members were always credited with a conmendable effort, and thus encouraged they kept on in the same direction, never abating in their interest or lowering the high standard they had set at the outset. Their improvement each year was very marked, and, though for a while they were handicapped by an inefficient leader that weakness was overcome when Mr. Josef Kaspar took hold of them, and since that time their progress has been rapid and pro- rounced. It was during Mr. Kaspar’s lead- dership ‘that, their work attained such a high degree of excellence that the distinc- tive title of amateur was dropped, for the playing of the orchestra was fully equal to many professional organizations, and Was superior to some. When Mr. Kaspar resigned 1t was feared that there would be a retrograde move- ment, but such was not the case. After looking carefully around for a leader the choice of the members fell upon Mr. Her- man C. Rakemann, a young violinist, who had received the best instructions, both in this country and in Europe, and who had already attained a high reputation as a solo performer. Mr. Rakemann went into his work with enthusiasm, and soon demon- strated his capabilities for leadership. He acquired the confidence of his force, and the members quickly responded to his wishes. He seemed to infuse new léfe in the orchestra, and they now play with a vigor and force that indicates the most per- fect harmony between conductor and per- formers. ‘The last concert was considered by many the best ever given by the or- chestra, both in regard to the care with which the program was selected, and the manner in which it was interpreted. The soloists were Mrs. Thomas C. Noyes and Mr. John Porter Lawrence, and their work was thouroughly gratifying to the large audience present. Like all organizations of this kind there have been times when the orchestra needed financial assistance, and this it has re- ceived from Mr. H.'D. Cooke, who was its first president; from Mr. Frank B. Metze- rott, its vice president; Mr. Walter Paris, who has been made a life member of the orchestra, and the late W. W. Curtis of Georgetown. Although it is still known as the Georgetown Orchestra, the organization leng ago outgrew that sectional location, and for years has held its rehearsals in Washington, and is an association of musi- ciars from the whole of the District. The present officers of the orchestra are B. H. Warner, president; Frank B. Metze- rott, vice president; C. W. Curtis, treas- urer; E. W. Stone, secretary; John R. Hill, Cc. B. Keferstein, Dr. F. S. Barbarin, F. Weiler, T. H. Gibbs, J. D. Patten and’ Dr. W. Long, executive committee. These gen- tlemen look after the interests of the or- chestra, but the one on whom the burden of the work falls is Secretary Stone. He is indefatigable in looking after all the details ef the concerts and rehearsals, and the other members of the board recognizing his industry and efficiency, rely upon his judg- ment, satisfied that everything -will be all right that fs under his charge. At the coming concert Mr. Rakemann has arranged a program that will be unusually attractive, and the work of the orchestra at rehearsals warrants the prediction that it will be excellently played. The orches- tral numbers will be the Coronation March from Kretchmer’s opera, “Die Folkinger;” Haydn's second symphony in D major, the full five movements; Wagner's ‘Album. the prayer and scene from von We- ‘Der Frieschutz;” Ganne’s Russian mazurka, “Czarina,” and Nicolai’s over- ture, “The Merry Wives of Windsor.” The soloists will be Miss Anita Cluss, harpist, and Miss Mary Helep Howe, soprano. ——.__ Bounty on Crow Sealps. From the New Yerk Evening Post. If the crow, a bird which scents designs on {ts life from afar off, is wise, it will ab- sent itself from McHenry county, Ill., in future, the supervisors having offered a bounty of 10 cents for the head of every erow presented to the county treasurer. Some time ago these same officers put a bounty of 25 cents on woodchucks, and the treasurer has since been obliged to pay out $400 for woodchuck scalps, which, in the opinicn of many of the taxpayers, is a sum greatly in excess of ‘the damage done by these burrowing animals in the county. When the proposition to put a price on the crow was brought forward, some ridiculous arguments were made pro and con, and their without the least consciousness 0! humor, It was contended, for insta that this bird was not only a corn thief, but he killed young lambs, and was in the habit of perching on the backs of cattle stalled in the mire and picking their ey. out. On the other hand, it was urged that the more crows killed the more there would be, on the theory that for ev crow trapped or shot five will gather for the funeral. The idea that crows kill young lambs was very properly characterized as a pure fiction. The crow is a carrion eater, and is always found where a jamb lies dead, but the cause of death is almost in- variably exposure. THE PENDULUM TIMER easuring An Instrument Invented for Menial Time. Constructed Under the Direction of Prof. Edward W. Seriptare, the Paychiblogist. _ vert ———— From the New York Times. Prof. Edward W. Scripture of the Yale University psychological department, in describing the new apparatus called the pendulum chronoscope, otherwise known as the pendulum timer, said recently to a Times representative: “We have often heard the phrase, ‘quick as thought.’ Most people think that is quicker than lightning or quicker than nothing at all. But thought takes time, as can be proved by experi- ments in the psychological laboratory. “How do we measure time of thought and time of action? Let us start with a simple case. We have here a piano player. We will find out first whether he moves his fingers at exactly the same time he wills to move them. Let us put a tele- graph key under each of his hands. We tell him to press both at exactly the same time. He believes he does so. But to these telegraph keys we have attached an appa- ratus by which we get records in thou- sandths of a second. The piano player sits at the left of the apparatus where the test is to be mada. A big spark coll with batteries is connected with each key, and with two metal points resting on a re- volving drum. The drum is covered with smoked paper. The moment each key is pressed a spark is made from its pointer. A tuning fork is so arranged that the dis- tance between these sparks is recorded in thousandths of a second. Test With a Piano Player. “The first person on whom we tried this experiment was a well-known musician. He, was sure both keys went down at ex- actly the same time. The record showed that his left hand was fifteen-thousandths of a second behind the right. “Let us advance one step further with the piano player. He is to press the left- hand key when he hears a base tone in a telephone held to his ear. He believes that he presses the key exactly the same mo- ment the tone comes. In the laboratory there is en arrangement by which a record is made on the drum at exactly the moment the tone occurs in the telephone. The other record is’ made by key. The record shews that the moment of pressing the key is away behind that of sounding the tone; .20) of a second or one-fifth of a second is a very good average. This time is called simple reaction time to sound. “Let us give the piano player a more complicated preblem. When he hears a base tone he is to press the left-hand key. When he hears a high tone he is to press the right-hand key. Now, he has to dis- tinguish or discriminate between two things and tken to choose between two acts. You can foresee the result. His time records are much inereased. By subtracting the simple reaction time from these lest rec- ords we get the actual time of performing these two mental processes measured in thousandths of a second. “In a similar mapwer the psychologist can go through the whole domain of mental life in regard to the time,it occupies. For ex- ample, suppose we wish measure the time it takes to associate two ideas. The experimenter shouts some word, for ex- ample, ‘house,’ into a telephone which car- ries the word to another person in .a dis- tant room. This other person shouts back the first thing he thinks of, for example, ‘street.’ These two telephones are so rigged up that they make records on the drum where th words are shouted. Now the time between the,actual shouting of the word ‘house’ and that of the word ‘street’ represents the time lost by the mental proc- esses that were gofmg dn in the second per- son, The New Iristrument. “What has been done for sound in these experiments just described 4s also done in a githilar way forsight, touch, etc. This graphic method is too complicated for use outside of the laboratory. The operation for taking tevords of montal times has hitherto been very complicated. To over- come this difticulty a new instrurrent has been invented in the Yale laboratory. It is called the pendulum timer. “A very accurately swinging pendulum ts so urranged that to a person sitting just behind a cloth banner hung on the instru- ment a color is suddenly shown as a pen- dulum swings along. The person presses a button and this catches a light poniter at- tached to the pendulum. On a scale in front the exact distanc? traveled by the pendulum from the moment the color was shown to the moment the person pressed the button'can be read off in thousandths of a second. his gives the time of the simple reactions tor sight by using two col- ors, for only one of which the person presses the button. The mental processes of discriraination and choice are added to the simple reaction. ‘ne time becomes longer. Substract the simple reaction time and you get the time occupied by those two mental processes,discrimination and choice. When three colors are used the time Is still longer. So on, for more. Or you can use letters, figures, words. Thus we have a direct measurement of the time of thought. “The apparatus was constructed particu- larly fer psychological purposes, but it ts readily available for all cases where in- tervals of time less than a second are to be measured, such as the speed of a rifle ball or of a cannon ball. The apparatus con- sists of a triangular iron base about a foot de, nickel plated, supported by three ad- justable legs. An upright bar carries a heavy pendulum with a bob below and one above. Behind the pendulum hangs a silk banner to hide the apparatuS from the per- ented upon. Behind the banner 11 knob. The pendulum is caught ide by a fine catch. Some one re- leases this catch, it starts to swing, and at a certain point it lets fly a shutter like a photograph shutter. This shutter exposes whatever the person is to see. At exactly the same moment it catches a fine pointer and carries tt along.. The whole apparatus stands about three feet high.” . Se IN. CONFEDERATE PRISONS. A Unique Incident That Marked a Relixious Service. ww England Magazine. of the Parish prison were in tiers, and were generally ten byJ three twelve feet in size, with larger cells at the ends about twelve by twenty feet. As many men as could fie upon the floor lived in eich cell. During the day, or until 44| o’cleck, the men, as I have said, had the use of the yerd, and could go from one cell to ancther. Thus it- happened that the Union Lyceum met weekly in one of the large ce Prayey, meetings were held two or three times a week, and a Bible class on Sunday, in one of_the small cells. Several isoners were ydlvinity students, and ucted these meétings. ed to send in a min- ervites, and he did so on but Mot continuously. On cne occasion an Episqppal clergyman came to conduct the ee Those interested, cor . Palfrey wai istér for Sunday to the number a hundred, perhaps, gethered in the ydrd,“and the service pro- eeeded. In due coursé‘came the prayer for the President, andlit was for the President of the confederate ,states of America; whereupon the congregation rose from their k with derisive groans and ran for and the, minister was left alone before the throne,of grace. Christmes day was ,celebrated by mas- querade drills and marching and songs by one of the Germgm glee clubs. The men were in the yard,,the whole five hundred, I think. The grim \walls rang with patri- otic songs. Finally Childs of Charlestown stood on the balcony and sang the “Star- Spangled Banne: As his clear tenor voice lang out the refrain, he drew forth a small silk z, which some one had secreted, and waved it before those ragged, half-starved men, and they saw that every star and every stripe was still there, and they shouted ull they cried for joy at Bight of the tiny emblem, The memory of that mo- ment thrill: me yet. This celebration cost some hours of open air, as the turnkeys eppeared and we were sent to our cells, ats of close confinement for sev-' eral day ++ The failure of John F. T. Anderson, who is Interested in various business enterprises at Richmond, is announced. His liabilities are $115,000. Two banks are large cred- itors. * The Infanta Isabella has released been from quarantine at Tar The offi- cers had a consultatic h the Spanish vice consul and await orders from Spain. a, CULTURE OF THE VOICE Exercises Which, If Practiced, Will Greatly Improve It, Voice Indicates the Character—Ameri- can Women, as a Rule, Do Not Possess Sweet Voices, From the New York Herald. Her voice was ever soft, Gentle and low; an excellent thing in wo- man. 5 Not excellent alone, but rare, as a stroll through a crowded shopping district of a great city will quickly convince one. You will hear one woman after another lifting a high, shrill voice above the city’s din, to express admiration or condemnation of the goods displayed; and it is not until she suddenly steps into a quieter place that she becomes aware of her high pitched, Plercing voice. Although she will then low- er the pitch materially, the long period of screaming has sharpened her tone, and it unconsciously maintains a shriller key than is quite natural. It is like talking to a deaf man for a length of time, and then at- tempting to come back to natural conver- sation with a man not so afflicted. Your companion will look and Hsten curiously for a while, and finally, exclaim: “Why are you screaming so? I’m not deaf.” Go into a restaurant that frequented by the shopping woman if you will be convinced of this fact. An Interested student of hu- man nature is there able to follow as many conversations as his intelligence can simultanecusly comprehend. That the voice is an index of character we are informed by the old Jesuit father, Athanasius Kircher, who writes that a strong and hoarse voice signifies that its Possessor is avaricious, pusillanimous; in- solent in prosperity, cowardly in misfor- tune; and Tacitus tells us that such was Caligula. A voice that is grave at first and terminates in a falsetto, is, according to Father Kircher, possessed by a man who is sad and irritable; the sharp, feeble and broken voice is the index of an effeminate nature; a sharp and strong tone belongs to the man who loves pleasure, while the grave, sonorous and heavy voice is owned by the individual who is enterprising, bold and fitted for the execution of great things. Voice Indications. To a delicate and trained ear the voice indicates many things regarding tempera- ment, character and moral qualities. Gre- try says: “A man can conceal himself in his conversation, but has not yet learned to disguise his intonation.” And the voice, even to the casual listener, expresses the emotion with which the speaker is agitated. Fear ard languor lower the voice; astonish- ment cuts it off; admiration prolongs it; hope renders it sonorous and equal; anger makes it hoarse and uninterrupted; desire hastens the words, and causes the phrases to begin with long exclamations; boldness renders speech concise and leaves some- thing for thought to supply. Plato drew his conclusions as to the character of men largely from the sourd of their voice, for he would exclaim, upon being presented to strangers, “Speak, that I may know you!” The possibilities of the voice are so great that we can scarcely understand how wo- men of culture have neglected its training for so long. Sarah Bernhardt demonstrates these possibilities !n a marked degree. She moves her great audiences largely by the wonderful modulations of her soft, deep voice. The story of her admission to the Conservatoire at Paris has often been told— how she needed to read but two lines of “Les Deux Pigeons” to be stopped by Au- ber, the president, and told that she would be admitted. In her early appearances on the Paris stage the people were inclined to ridicule the tall and angular form, which made no attempt to hide its leanness. But they were restrained by the wonderful pow- er of that voice which has since moved all the world. The speaking voice is as capable of cul- ture and improvement as the singing voice. We can all learn to speak properly and with pleasing intonation. And the few sim- ple rules here given may be of use to the seeker after perfection in this direction. The correct, or orotund voice, should pos- sess five qualiiies—fullness, clearness, strength, smoothness and ringing quality. And the terms are teghnically described thus: Fulness—Grave, hollow volume, which ap- proaches toward hoarseness. Clearness—Freedom from nasal murmur and aspiration. Strength—Satisfactory loudness or audi- bility. Smoothness—Freedom from all guttural harshness. The correct speaking voice, like the cor- rect singing voice, presupposes correct breathing. In producirg all sounds the human voice makes use of two modes of breathing. The first, a continuous stream of air throughout the whole time of e: iration is employed in ordinary breath- Ing, in panting, sighing, groaning and sreezing; while the second, which is an issue of breath by short, iterated jets, serves us for laughter, crying and speech. Coughing is produced either by a series of short, abrupt efforts, or by one con- tinued impulse which ay up the whole breath. It is this latter process which may be utilized in an exercice that will produce the orotund voice sweet and clear. - To Train the Voice. The second cough, just mentioned, is nothing more nor less than an abrupt ut- terance of one of the short tonics of the voice, followed by a mere atonic, or tone- less, breathing of “h” until the expiration is exhausted. In the exercise, however, the latfer half of the operation must be omitted. Practice only the abrupt utter- ance of the tone, and you will produce a sound like the voice of gaping, hollow and ringing. After some time has been spent in this exercise you will be able to accomplish it with great facility and with clearness and smoothness of vice. Now go one step further, and slide upward and downward through the concrete scale. When this has become easy go on to syllabic combi- nations in place of single tones. Practice but little at first, and with great precau- tion, since this forcing out of the breath to the seeming exhaustion of the lungs is apt to produce giddiness. ‘When you have gone thus far success- fully you may try to embody these prin- ciples of correct tone into speech, and here you will meet with great difficulty, for the natural voice will quickly return upon an attempt to deliver a sentence in the easy flow and time of ordinary discourse. ——+e- ____ Salaries and Incomes of Rulers. From Harper's Monthlys ‘There is certainly one very nice feature atout being a potentate, and that is the income that comes to the occupant of a lofty place. Besides having all his wants attended to and a large number of pal- aces at his disposal, the Emperor of Rus- sia is said to receive $25,090 a day; the Svl- tan of Turkey receives $18,000 a day; the Emperor of Austria rejoices in $10,000 a day; Emperor William has to get along on $8,900 from breakfast to bedtime; Queen Victoria has $35,000 to spend every week. The President of the United States receives a trifle under a thousand dollars a week, but a great deal of free advertising goes with his office. soe Weather Prophets. The anncuncement was recently made that if any of the principals of the public schools cared to take the time and trouble, the United States weather service would furnish the material and instruct them in the work of predicting the weather. Miss Mary R. Caroland, supervising principal of the Central Combined Girls’ School, on Center street.“Germantown, who is recog- nized as among the most progressive teach- ers of that section, expressed a willingness to become acquainted with the mysteries of the weather service, and, accordingly, a few days ago Sergeant Dey paid a visit to the school in Germantown and initiated her in the work. Yesterday, as soon as school opened, the storm flaz was hoisted upon the school flagpole by Janitor George J. Wolfe. It is said that only one other: of the principals of the public schools besides Miss Caroland has offered to undertake this work, Mr. Flounders of the Robert Morris school, in the twenty-ninth ward. SS ene an Kepe Elias of Franklin county, ex-Con- gressman Jno. L. Henderson of Rowan, Maj. M. H. Pinnix of Davidson and J. W. Alspaugh of Winston ere the candidates mentioned for the collectorship of the wes- tern North Carolina internal revenue dis- trict to succeed the late M. E. Carter. DOO OOOO Mayer Bros. & Co. 939 F St. N. W. All That’s ; Newest and Bes In MILLINERY Can always be found in endless va- riety in our store. It’s our great aim to afford an immense selection of the finest quality goods at the most reasonable prices. Nothing is wanting here—the latest ideas from Paris—the choicest creations of our own. The following items.- serve merely to show the character of the reduction in prices we have lately made: Flowers & Feathers. 12 I=2c. ES, 100 dozen of them. Black. Worth 49c.—of- fered at..... BLACK SATIN VIO- LETS, 3 doz. in a buneh. Worth 82c—we offer at ASSORTMENT of FLOWERS of the reg- ular 7®e. and $1 value. Have your choice at JETTED CHIFFON, in 300: Offer, per plece, for..... 9oc. Trimmed Hats. TRAFFORD SAILORS, trimm2d und lined, ready to wear, in black, navy blue and white. Worth 69¢e.—our price... gc. 38e. MILAN SAILORS, trimmed and lined, ready for wear, in blue and Diack—o $1.39 regular value for.. FEAT HER-WEIGHT SAILOR HATS, white Japanese braid, trim- med with narrow black band—an exclusive novel- Untrimmed Hats AN ASSORTMENT of - Hats in Lace, Chip and Armure Braid, latest and most effective shapes [2 J=2DC, your choice Special Lace Sale. 1,000 yards of Lace of all tasteful patterns and cffects. Worth 2c. a 12 [=2C, s. yard—we offer 50 doz. LACE COL- LARS, in newest and most favorite patterns. Worth Se. Wy off eating the real’ of the 32¢c. week at..... - [layer - Bros.& Co., Successors to ‘The Monumental,” 939 F St. at Moses’ Corper. : Noteworthy Events. ‘Two Short Sales. Bedroom Suites Are greatly cut in price. Too many dvplicates of each pattern—but no end to vartety. Was. 1s. Natural Bireh Suite. $35.00 $25.50 Actique Oak Scite.........$35.00 $25.00 $35.00 $24.50 $35.00 $25.00 $32.00 $23.75 Antique Ash Suite. $19.75 Maple Suite. $20.00 Maple Suite. . 820.50 Maple Suite. $18.00 Artique Ock Suite. $22.75 Antique Oak Suite. $21.50 Maple Suite... $17.00 Antique Oak Suite. $18.50 Antique Ash Suite. $16.25 And others. The Law of “Stoppage in Transitu” —We told you of it yesterday, but we tell you now again: @ It is responsible for a very large addition to our stock of EXTENSION TABLES, SIDEBOARDS and CHINA CASES. A car load of these, goods was recently shipped by a large northwestern manu- facturing concern to a Washington firm— Dut before the goods reached here the firm failed, The manufacturers applted the law of “STOPPAGE IN TRANSITU"” and the railroad company held the car awaiting instructions. We learned of these conditions, tele- grrphed the shippers an offer for the ear load—it was accepted—and now the go on sale at these prices: goods: Extension Tables. REAL eur WORTH. PRICE. 10 $9.90 8 15 6 6.75 6 5.90" 10 6.00 8 { 4.90 6 ++, ,0ak 3.75 Sideboards. +, Solid " Bolid Solid Solid Solid Bolid Solid s Solid 4 Solid oak. 12.235 China Cases. Solid mahogany. $45.00 $82.00 Antique oak. 30.00 22.00 Antique oak. 30.00 19.50 Mahogany finish. 27.00 19.75 Antique oak. 24.00 18.50 Antique cak. 4 17.25 Antique oak. 16.50 AND ae MOS ES SONS, F and uth Sts, It Storage Warehouses, 224 st. near M. Linen Lawn, 12%c. yd. Extra wide—40 inches; choice patterns. Jaconette Percales, 12tc. yd. Yard wide, pink, blue and lavender stripes, exquisite patterns, Lovely Taffetas, 75c. yd. —in beautiful novelty checks; 6 yards will + make a’ waist. J.B.Naille, SUCCESSOR TO HOOB BROS. & ©O., 1328 F ST. N.W. ses easiest Ses McKnew’s Daily Letter. “Going Away” Things. ‘We can fill your “Saratoga” with about everything you need (except money) for a stay at the seashore or mountain. Hand- . some Suits for morning, for “‘knock-abouts" and for evening wear, for a precious little, if any more than you would have to pay for the materials at retail. Quantities of Shirt Waists, Silk Waists, Wrappers, Tea Gowns and Dressing Sacks; also the Thin Underwear, Thin Gloves, Ventilated Corsets, Dainty Parasols, Light-weight Hosiery, and all the Best Perfumeries, Toilet Articles, Soaps, &e. “Exclusive” Shirt Waists. Not a common waist in the stock, probably not @ pattern which you will find elsewhere. While we have them for more ard for less, we believe we have the best $1 Shirt Waist ever put together, collars and cuffs are Inundered, and we call special attention to the lavender, red, ght blue Sy og and black stripes at this price.. - A new and beautiful line of Wash Striped India Silk Shirt Waists, turned-down collar and cuffs, with belt to match, only. :$4-75 Those $10 Serge Suits. fs the demand we have kept and All cotton—but look for all the world like wool. We refer to these New Covert Cloth Suits, which you can wear all summer with- “REEFER"” STYLE, ONLY $5.50. $1.50 to $2.75 Reefers, 85c. ‘To close out the balance of a number of Mnes of Children’s Navy Blue Reefers, sizes 6 to 14 years, which were $1.50 to 5 take choice to* SS ee a Oe All “‘Novelty” Capes Reduced. ; Now is you chance to secure an Imported Novelty Cloth Cape for about the price of the ordinary. Two lovely Spangled Cloth Capes, silk Mined, reduced to $15. ‘Two Black Silk Chiffon Novelty Capes, trimmed with jet and rose bunches, from $25 to $18. One Tan Novelty Appliqued Cape, silk Mned, reduced from $23.50 to $20. One Handsome Brown Cloth Novelty Capt, reduced from $25 to $20. One Tan Novelty Cloth Cape, light blue silk lning, reduced from $20 to $15. One Brown Cloth Cape, lined with light green silk, reduced from $20 to $15. One Black Jetted Imported Novelty Cape, silk lined and very handsome, reduced from #42 to $35. Summer Mitts & Gloves. All the “Mitt Family," black and colors, 19, 21 and 0c. . ‘Taffeta Gloves, 2% and 50c. Pure Silk Gloves, with the double tip Singers, at 60, 75e. and $1. $1 Summer Corsets. Just think of It—10 or 12 different styles of Ventilated Corsets at $1 a pair, short and long waiste, and styles especiully adapt- ed to the thin and stout, “R. and G.,” “W. B.,” “C. B., eee ea 00 and the half dozen or more others. 2 Dress Shields, 8c. pair. On sale tomorrow, 40 dosen Ie... Panes ieee most 8c. pr. Toilet Soaps, 35c. doz. Cannot get these in fast enough. Another SO dozen tomorrow, but act more than a dosen to each customer. About 10 of the The Dr. Jaeger & Other Summer Underwear. No Underwear so cool and healthful as the Dr. Jaeger’s Gauze-weight. We have all the summer weights in Dr. Jaeger’s entire Mne—Underwear, Night Dresses, Abdomen Bands, &c. Wonen's Swiss Ribbed Vests as low as 12%c., in the “gut” sizes. ‘We won't handle the little skimpy vests you notice advertised about town, for they, are hardly big enough for children. Just what you want—Gaure- weight Swiss Ribbed Union Suits, cst eles $1.00 W.H.Mcknew 933 Pa. Ave. THE HAT BOX, 915 Penn. Ave. Remember one thing, ypu can’t buy anything better in the Hat line than we Will sell you for $2.00. We have just put on sale another lot of those special agency Hats sold clse- where in this town for $5.00. Do not misjudge this statement. Our prices, as a great many know, have the peculiar ability of inflating @ two-ollar bill and giving it the pur- chasing power of four and sometimes five dollars. No, we have no patent on the Hat business. We are just simply and ex- clusively in the Hat line. Bending our whole energies and time to the one idea of getting the best Hats made in America—and to sell them at $2.00. How well we have succeeded one visit to the Hat Box will prove. The Hat Box, 915 Penn. Ave. The Hat Box, 915 Penn. Ave. Comfortable —if it is getting hot. Come under the shade of one of our. delightfully cool Straw Sailors—natty—stylish—and becom. ing to everybody. We have "em from $1.25 and up. Sole D. C. agents for the Dunlap. We have sold more of those Men's Soft Alpine Hats than anybody else in Wash- ington—simply because we had the right hat at the viz Wi lett & Ruoff, 905 Pa.Ave. mys Be