Evening Star Newspaper, July 14, 1894, Page 17

THE CZAR’S DOCTOR Russia's Ruler Said to Be in the Care of a Madman. A PHYSICIAN WHO ROLES THE PALACE Gossip in St. Petersburg About the Succession. EMPRESS IN TRAINING — ae Correspomtence of The Evening Star. ST. PETERSBURG, September 14, 1894. HE DISTRICTS OF St. Petersburg, Mos- cow, Charkow, Kiow, the cities of Rostow, Taganrog and Na- chitchewan, the vil- lages of Kasperowka and Bataisk, as well as the “Staniza” of Guilowsauga in the territory of the Don- Cossacks, further- more, the Siossa e¢ty—district and the Cronstadt military dictatorship of the THE etrcuit—under the tzar’s all responsible “life preserver,” the minist=r of the imperial body, Gen. Tsche- Tewin! his majesty in the hands of the maiman, Prof. Sacharjin! It is all the fault of the nihilist pest. Thus the politicians of the coffee house and the bar room are arguing, and the Worst of it Is the facts in the case are true, though the prognosis may be defective. The immense territery above described is actu- ally onder military law since August 6, when the troika of the Grand Duchess Xenia and her newly wedded husband, Al- exender Michailoyiteh, was wrecked by @ynamite a mile or so from Peterhof, the ezar’s residence It was a case of mistaken identity, of course—the conspirators were laying for his majesty. The czar, previous to this, has been ailing in consequence of a third attack of influ- enza, misnamed “‘a mild catarrh” by the Court Circular, for some time. His ill- Ress made him morose and suspicious. Fear ef assassination deterred him from taking mecessary physical exercise. Result: He grown enormously in bulk ever since bis return from Denmark last fall. The Peterhof plot realized Alexander's Worst apprehensions of the nihilistic evil; nervousness grew intolerable, acted on is digestion, his kidneys. The doctors di- agnosed his case as Bright's disease, ac- companied by dropsy. To alleviate their pa- tient’s excruciating pains they dosed him with narcotics. And one fine morning, a eek ago, when Alexander awoke from fest, induced by opiates, he was a raving maniac. ‘The terrible idea had taken possession of his mental faculties that tne medicine ad- ministered to him was a slow poison, and that his physicians, nay even his relatives, were in league with the constitutional ene- my. Called in Sacharjin. In her anxiety, her utter helplessness, the czarina, or czaritza, as her Russian title reads, resolved upon a heroic measure. She called in the eccentric Moscow savant, Prof. Sacharjin, who has once before res- cued the czar from the brink of the graye, and in whom his majesty trusts infinitely. Sacharjin arrived in St. Petersburg at an opportune hour. Alexander recognized him, hailed him as one “not in the conspiracy” and promised to submit to his treatment. So Sacharjin is now in complete charge of the imperial person. He does with him whatever he thinks fit to do. “A mad man curing another,” say the memters of the court, and add: “If he does no good—he cannot do harm, anyhow.” It looks, indeed, as if the czar was doom- he who only two years ago was consid- ered the healthiest and strongest man on the throne. Sacharjin has ordered his re- moval to a chalet in the Beloweschki for- est, an estate in the wilderness, so to speak, a wilderness enlivened only by divi- sions of gendarmes and regiments of Cos- sacks from Old Russia. Before he left St. Petersburg, however, “wet cupping” was Fesorted to; that is, a large quantity of blood was taken from his majesty’s right arm. The blood drawn proved the presence of an unusual quantity of water and of waxy degeneration. Baka hare diagnosed the czar’s mental m as “morbid emotional depression,” Alexander's insane delusion, the result of the weakening of his body and brain by influenza, and fear of conspirators, cannot dispelled by argument; “he knows what knows,” and the very complexion of his surroundings, green uniforms and armed men everywhere, reinforces his belief. After the wet cupping the czar became extremely weak, and his journey made in & lazeretto car, exhausted the little vital wers left to him completely. As to the ture of the cure proposed by Prof. Sach- arjin, those outside of the czar’s present living 2partment can judge only by his phy- sician’s peculiar record. Here are a few facts concerning the Moscow doctor’s mode Df Procesiings with his patients, by one of “who escaped with his life.” His Strange Methods. Sacharjin, says my informant, is between Bixty-five and seventy years of age, and for thirty-five years held the post of pro- fessor in the university at Moscow. His trairing has been exclusively in Russian schools. He never was a writer of any Bccount, but devotes himself almost en- tirely to his practice, in which he amassed & fortune of tive million roubles. No matter who his patient ts the doctor insists upon the following “rules and regulations” to be observed in the houses he visits: All dogs must be sent away, the electrical bells Must not be used; all doors must be opened throughout the house. On entering Sachar- Jin drops his overcoat in the hall, his goloshes in the reception room, hiz gloves and hat in the next apartment and his frock coat in the chamber adjoining that where the patient It The family and attendants of the sick person are requested to keep silent and answer questions only es” or “no.” charjin conducts his investigations of the physical and mental condition of the patient without losing a word, afterwards Fest#\awhile and then gives his diagnosis in writing to the house physician, who mvst accept it without remonstrance or “get out.” He must also consent to carry out Sacharjin's orders for medicine, etc., to the letter. “Does he prescribe freely?” I asked. “Sacharjin boasts that he has never writ- ten a prescription in his life,” answered my informant. “He leaves that duty to his assistants. His principal characteristic is that he Is oprosed to all generatizing, and treats every patient separately, in- dividually. Moreover, he never finishes his diagnosis until he knows all about the mental and corporal condition of a sufferer during the past ten years or longer.” Sacharjin labored over the czar for two or three days before he made known his decistu ing most of the time in a half- crazy fashion and making unheard-of de- Mands upon the poor empress, who com- ith his requests, fearing to offend t man. One of the doctor's prin- t before you are tired.” Fol- at this, his own recipe, Sacharjin sits down after walking from one end of a either to He call for some refresh! ar was half dead when the pro- trived, the rs mode of pro- y slow and tedi- ts without num- ecess. His final was delivered in such fessor ceeding w pt style as to fright y out of her wits. Wh j “s body ph; ‘jin, the Mo: e and threatened to uy. After acting de style for several announced that he te ‘ers cure only if ntirely to himself with an as- ged to carry out his (Sachar- order Instantly and without dared to d savant 't- thereupon ordered one cf the unger physicians of the court to piace im>elf at the prefessor’s service and asked for further istructions. “We- must re- move hic majesty at once from Ws present {disagreed violently THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1894-EIGHTEEN PAGES, surroundings—from civilization if possible,” he said. “Have you not a castle or country house at your that is completely cut off from all connection with the great world, from politics and society?” Then the empress femembered the Be- loweschki estate in the virgin forests of the Grodnosch government, celebrated as the only place in the world where the auer ox lives wild in his natural state, a pensioner of the czar’s, who annually spent nearly a million on the preserves. Several years ago Alexander erected a castle, in Gothic style, in this wilderness, furnishing it luxuriously for a shert stay on a hunting trip or on similar occasions. The poor man probably never dreamt tnat he would be carried there in a litter, wrapped in blankets, half dead by exhaustion and his mind wander- ing. Keeping It a Secret. To keep the czar’s true condition a secret as long as pgssible, the continental papers in the pay of Monsieur De Giers—he con- trols journals in Berlin, Brussels, Paris and Vienna—are “publishing misleading para- graphs, day after day, announcing the Rus- sian emperor’s proposed attendance at such or such a function, or that he issued ukases ordering’ certain changes in the administra- tion or in the personnel of the court. Thus it was said the czar would assist in laying the corner stone of the Warsaw cathedral, and that he had divested Gen. Gurko of his powers as civil governor of the kingdom of Poland. Soth these items are canards. Gurko, to show that he ts still on top, is- sued a decree today by which 300 citizens of his district lose liberty and fortune. . The question uppermost in the minds of the leading men of Russia at the present moment is, however, not: Will the emperor live? but: Who will succeed him on the throne? In Russia the eczarovitch is not necessarily the heir presumptive. Roman- off history shows numerous exceptions to the general rule of ascension. If Alexander had‘ his own way actually, as well as nom- inally, he would undoubtedly name as his successor Marie, ‘his wife and empress. Nat that he loves his son less, or his wife more; he is an excellent father, as weil as an exemplary husband, but the czar has grave doubts, shared by many, as to the ezaroviteh’s abilities and stamina. He has tried in vain to make his boy a full-blooded Russian after his own pattern, but could not eradicate his dreamy, ultra-German dis- position. As a last resort Alexander in- tended to marry him:'to a Montenegro princess, but seeing his own health failing concluded it would be best to elect us daughter-in-law a relative of the powerful kaiser, who, if need be, would assist Nicho- laus by advice and his far-reaching intlu- ence. : Many important people at the court and in politics hold the ezarovitch incapable of assuming the duties of @ sovereign; others think he will dle young; others that he will abdicate in favor of his mother, and w the consent of Germany, Austria and Great Britain, if the crown be offered him. It would be useless to speculate on the al- ternatives at present, Before action has been taken by any of the parties interested, directly or indirectly, but in the interval it may not be amiss to record the czaritza’s latest performance or public function. The Empress’ Impressive Show. The Empress Marie, iike most of her reigning sisters, is honorary “colonel and proprietress” of a culrassier regiment, her majesty’s duties corsisting of occasional attendance at the maneuvers, the donation of a flag and of various sums to help cele- brate the name day of the regiment's pa- tron saint. That has been the custom for centuries, but this year the czaritza eman- cipated herself from tradition and resolved to be coloncl, not in name only, but like- wise in deed. About ten days ago the Empress Marie unexpectedly arrived in the camp of the guards at Krassnoje-Selo, mounted on a black charger and wearing the white and silver uniform of the cuiras- siers. She ordered the general of division to report instantly, and told him she had come to take cff the customary parade. The officer was dumfounded at first and said something of undeserved honor, or words to that effect, but the empress cut him short by commanding him to send her a bugler. As soon as the latter arrived she ordered him to give the signal for alarming the regiment. It was done. The empress, with her bugier and adjutant, took the lead and a minute .ater sounded the order for an attack. Fifteen hundred horses and men raced down the highway for ten min- utes or more and were suddenly brought to a standstill in front of a cavalcade of ladies and gentlemen coming from the op- posite direction. They turned out to be the Grand Duchess Maris Pawlowna, with her twelve-year-old daughter, two daugh- ters of the Prince of Wales and Princess Marie of Greece, escorced by the czarovitch, @ number cf grand dukes, a sprinkling of princes of Denmark and Greece and the officers of the Chevalier Guards. They had started in the suite of her majesty, who, however, had given them the slip, intend- ing to surprise her relatives and friends in the manner described. ‘The empress invited the ladies and gentle- men to join her at the head of the cuirass- ters and all rode back to camp, where regu- lar exercises were held under the eyes of the imperial colonel, who seemed to under- stand her duties thoroughly. When at the end of the parade Marie galloped along the front of her regiment, saluting each squad- ron as she passed, the cavalrymen broke out in a hearty ‘Health and happiness we wish thee, imperial majesty.” Later on the empress rode to a near-by hill, where she delivered “the criticue” of the morn- ing’s work with admirable precision, be- stowing praise and blame where it be- longed. ‘The empress always had the reputation of an Amazon, but it is asserted that she never looked more beautiful nor more com- manding than on that morning. What does it all mean? ask the Russians, and thousands add: “Health and happiness we wish thee, imperial majesty. PPL IT WAS NO GO. The Fate of an Anti-Marrying Club in the Nutmeg State. From the New York Sun. A short time ago—remarkably short it was, too—eight prominent young men of the queer clty of Derby, Conn., resolved to foreswear female society forever,so they or- ganized themselves into an “Anti-Marrying Club.” They hired a hall and appointed one of thelr number president, who was offi- cially known as “the Mogul.” According to the constitution and by-laws of the club the members were forbidden to walk on the street with a young woman or escort a single lady to any place of entertainment; and it ran ‘along beautifully for just thirty- six hours. hen, all of a sudden, it came to pass that its constitution and by-laws with the constitution and by-laws of the members. ‘There was a band concert at Ansonia the other night, and not less than three promi- nent members of the Anti-Marrying Club sneaked off to it. Worse yet, on the trip home to Derby they engaged in a perfectly desperate flirtation with a whole car load of pretty Derby girls. Their reckless act of treason was revealed publicly almost as soon as the guilty men reached Derby, and the club was dissolved almost as speedily as a quart of “mountain dew” among Nut- meg National Guardsmen at Camp Bradle: The club abandoned tts rooms im- mediately. The Derby folks are having more fun than a goat at the expense of the members. The Farmer’s Resolve. Bazar. sement, In a city magzzine, patent medicine, they called it Tire- Fiom Harper I seen an adv. Of some ne ine. Av said a quert—ten doses—was the surest kind of cure For them whore inclinations for to work was ruther cin’ up when haytime comes arou Ulthough when 4sh ts ranzin’ good he's pretty slick an’ sound. I dun‘no’ why ft Is that boy can take @ heary gun An’ walk from tea to tweuty miles, an’ think he's havin’ fut re's euthin’ for to do that’s fm the li n’ line, He doesn’t even’ seem to have the symptom of a spine. He'll take in al! the picnics, an” he'll work Ike all pasessed At puslin’ scups for countsy gals, tut never bas no chest + f When't comes to tossin’ up the hay, or gatherin’ i the wheat— The very idea of that seems to knock him off bis feet. An’ so I think I'll go to town an’ sample that there tuft, t An’ inchbe bay a lot for Tom—one Lottle ain't enough. Ten doses may suffice to put an average man tp trin, But Tom—I think I'll hafter get @ dozen guarte for bim. 1% QUEER STATE PAPERS Some Curious Things Done by the Old Continental Congress. WHEN THERE WAS NO PRESIDENT Notions Then Prevailing About the ‘Functions of Government. peat Steere eT a PERLEY POORE’S LIST BEN: Written for The Evening Star. OME YEARS AGO Congress authorized the late Ben: Peggy Poore, then clerk of the printing: records, to compile a cata- logue of the govern- ment publications of the United States from September 5, 1774, to March 4, 1881. ‘The present Congress is considering the ad- visability of bringing this work up to date. The Poore catalogue makes a most formid- able volume—1,392 pages, of which nearly 13 pages are devoted to the index. As a book of reference it has an evident value, but one would not turn to it naturally for interesting reading to while away an hour. it contains, however, much that is amus- ing and interesting for any one who wishes to hunt through its pages. A great many men find entertainment in the seemingly monotonous occupation of reading the dic- tionary. There is entertainment to be tound—entertainment of almost as varied a character—in Mr. Poore’s catalogue. This entertainment is in the contrast between the customs and ideas of the colonial period and those of today. For example, accord- ing to one of the documents described in the catalogue, the colonial Congress pro- vided that counterfeiters of continental or State bills of credit should have their ears cut off, and should be whipped and fined. A dollar “would go farther in those days,” as Senator Evarts said, and it was worth a great deal more than it is today. «mong the early documents printed by order of Congress was a history of the American Indians, “With Their Customs, Descent from the Je ete., compiled from oficial sources,” by J. Adair. So began the study of ethnology under the auspices of the government, which is carried on with such success at the present time by Major Powell's bureau. In the early days Congress had more direct dealings with the Indians than it has now. it even ad- dressed itself to them direct. There is a record of an address dated December 16, 17% in which Capt. White-Eyes, a Dela- ware chief, is welcomed to the council fire Kindled for all the united colonies, In April, 1776, instructions were issued to “G. Morgan” by the committee on Indian af- fairs, in which he was told that “the In- dians were to be treated kindly and hos- pitably, inspired with sentiments of jus- tice and humanity, and supposed to intro- duce the arts of civil and social life.” A Clothing Depariment. The znen who fought the establishment of the Department of Agriculture a few years ago cn the grourd that it was unnecessary will perhaps be surprised to learn that one hundred years ago there was 2 “Clothing Department,” and that Congress issued regulations for a clothier general, a state clothier, a regimental clothier, and so on. A “department of clothing” would excite derisive leughter now There was a good deal of inquiry and report on the subject of clothing for the continental army, and at one time Gen. Horatio Gates reported that the cost of clothing each man was $23. Congress today would be rather surprised at a proposition that it should print an edi- tion of the Bible. Yet such a proposition was made in a memorial of Dr. Allison, on which a special committee made a report in September, 1777. The report of the com- mittee was adverse, chiefly, it would ap- bear, on the ground of expense. The de- cision was reached, “after conference with the printers,” and the recommendation was made that, instead of advancing money for importing type and printing this Bible, the committee on commerce should order 20,000 Bibles from Holland, Scotland or elsewhere, Thus a death-blow was given in committee to the first infant industry of America. Jn 1782 Congress was asked to appro’ an American edition of the Bible, and William White and George Duffield, the chaplains of Congress, made a report recommending the work. Bibles id Lotteries. At this time, when Congress was taking so deep an interest in the Bible, it was practicing what Mr. Wanamaker succeeded some years ago in convincing Congress was @ very immoral thing—promoting a lottery. The committee on war lottery reported in favor of the issue of 100,000 tickets, at $10 each; the prizes to he $5,000,000 in treasury notes, payable in five years, with 4 per cent interest. In August, 1777, the committee on treasury reported a recommendation that the drawing be postponed, because the sales had not been large enough, and sug- gested that more tickets be sent to the states, with the request that the governors expedite their sale. The scheme of this government lottery was very ljke that of the Louisiana lottery of a recefit day—only one-half of the money repaid in prizes, and the chances, therefore, two to one against the buyer of the ticket. Congress once authorized the District of Columbia to establish a lottery “for building purposes.” The prohibitionists of today would have beon horrified at a resolution passed by Congress in September, 1 directing the commissary general “To purchase thirty hogsheads of rum, to be distributed among the soldiers in comphment for their gal- lant behavior in the late battle of Brandy- wire.” It was not an inappropriate re- ward, though—for Brandywine. ‘The question of clothing the army seemed to give the Continental Congress more trouble than anything else, for in Decem- ber, 1777, we find an appeal to the states to furnish clothing to soldiers, and in the same month the committee on the treasury made a report strongly condemning certain persons in Massachusetts Bay, “who con- tracted for clothing at an enormous price, and refused to deliver the same until they could receive the cash.” So the army con- tractor was not a product solely of the late civil war. There is nothing more amusing in this collection uf old documents than the form of an address reported by Congressman Osgood in 1784 for adoption by Congress as & general “sea letter’ to be issued to cap- tains of vessels. It was addressed to “Most serene serene, most puissant puissant, high, illustrious, noble honorable, venerable, wise and prudent lords, emperors, kings, repub- lics, princes, dukes, earls, barons, lords, burgomasters, schepens, counsellors, as also judges, officers, justiclaries and re- gents of all the g cities and_ places, whether ecclesiastica! or secular, who shall see these patenis or hear them read.” It would be interesting if one could have had ir. Osgood’s views on‘ the reception of an infanta a year ago. Receiving Foreign Ministers, As there was no President to receive for- elgn ministers or to give instructions to the ministers of the United Colonies, this duty devolved on Congress, and there is among other things an account of the re- ception of the Dutch minister in 1788, with his remarks, and the reply of the President of Congress. In the same year Congress adopted a list of “ceremonies’’ to be ob- served at the first audience of foreign min- isters with Congress. When the Marquis de Lafayette .ret to France in 1778 Congress gave him letter commending him to his king. Congress carried on a regular correspondence with the King of France without an intermediary, and in June, 1779, President Henry Laurens wrote a letter to the king tulajing him on the birth of a princess, and asking him to “oblige us with portfaits of yourself und royal consort, that, by being placed in our council chamber, we may -laily have before our eyes the royal friends and patrons of our soil. i Congress had som lculty in regulat- ing the expenses of its foreign ministers so as to give them an opportunity to appear with dignity in foreign, courts, and at the same time to confornt {to the economical ideas that prevailed in the matter of pub- lic expenditure. At er time Franklin was writing home that could not make a respectable appearance at the court of France the President vf Congress Ss re- ceiving letters alleging a wasteful expendi- ture of money by Franklin and his nephew Jonathan Williams. Some of these stric- tures may have been warranted, for John Adams was found including a cherge for the education of his son in an account of his expenses abroad. The item was disal- lowed on the ground that the investigating committee did not find “any book or pro- ceeding of Congress, nor are they informed of any general or received custom, on which the charge of moneys for the education of the accomptant’s son can be admitted, end though the same is inconsidjerable, they are of the opinion that a precedent be not es- tablished.” Congressional Forethought. In the appointment of Benjamin Frank- lin to negotiate a treaty with Sweden Ccn- gress established a very curious precedent. The appointment cf Franklin was accom- panied by the appointment of John Adams, John Jay and Henry Laurens to succeed to his office in regular order in case of death. All of these gentlemen were then abroad in diplomatic duty. ‘The department of foreign affairs (now the State Department) was created in 1781, and it was provided that the Secretary “shall have liberty to visit Congress.” The departments of Finances, War and Marine Were established in the same year, with “superintendent” of finances’ and sect taries for the other offices. The office seekers began to be a burden to the powers as early as 1787, for John Jay reported to Congress in that year, on the application of Sir Edward Newenham that his son might be appointed consul at Marseilles, that “honorary resolutions, a few offices, very little money and much land” were the only funds on which Con- gress could draw rewards for its friends. Not long after that a resolution was passed reducing the salaries of government clerks and providing that no clerk should receive more than $450 a year and no messenger more than $150. The pampered clerks of Congress, who" draw $2,500 a year, would scorn to accept the salaries that were good enough for their predecessors a hundred years ago. There is much more that is interesting in this volume—too much to be treated in the columns of a newspaper. But there is so much chaff with the wheat that it is more satisfa-‘ory to enjoy the winnowings at se~ond hand. GEORGE GRANTHAM BAIN, svat iat fa zt ENGLISH FOR THE WORLD. Humanity Wants a Muscular Growing La: RC. From the Newark Daily Advertiser. The final supremacy of English over all the languages of the world was the subject of one of the most interesting papers read before the Americar’ Boct ‘5 lal Science Asso- ciation at its recent, Fah ion at Saratoga. This is a question about which there can be but one opinion, ta That English carries With it elements of vigor sufficient to enablé it to outlive any of the decadent tongues of Southern Eu- rope is an apparent facw From the beginning of the fourteenth cen- tury, when the Saxon-Danish of the hardy peasantry slowly strangled, on its own ground, the masculate Norman-French, it was the virility of the'Saxon tongue—low- German patois, as! tti was—which tri- umphed, just as the'*Saxon people who spoke it, through long:years of bondage, fostered the spirit which, afterward gave Ergiand the commercial supremacy of the world. There can be no question as to the gen- eral utility of English. It is Macaulay who says that the Anglo-Saxon is the tongue best suited to make love, to quarrel, and to drive bargains. General experience seems to show that, when man is not doing one of these three things, he is very apt to be asleep—or dead. There certainly must be a universal lan- guage, and that, too, long before complete miscegenation makes of the varied races of mankind one vast people. Commerce and quick communication demand it. What shall this language be? The great- est of the eastern languages are wedded to ignorance and paganism, and will die with them. Latin is a dead tongue in a mummy skin; Italian is its wraith. German is too elephantine, French too mincing. Were Russian spoken wherever the black twin eagles float, the Anglo-Saxon might, in the Slavonic, meet its only formidable rival. No artificial gibberish will fetch and carry for the world. Volapuk, that dialetic buga- boo, died because it had no virility. It did not develop; it was conceived of a book- worm and pieced together of odds and ends in the vocabulary shop of an intellectual Frankenstein. It was like the laboratory wheat, which seems to taste well, but won't grow if you water it a thousand years. The world wants no infant and no dotard. It wants a live, muscular, growing lan- guage, and English is that language. It girdles the globe today, and is fast bind- ing, link by link, the great civilizing ele- ments of society into one vast, emalga. mated whole. ——— +00 —___ A Cat That Goes Fishi From the San Francisco Call, Cats, as a rule, don’t like water, but an Italian fisherman named Michael has a large Maltese cat named Joe that loves water as much as other cats love a rug in front of a grate fire. Michael has one of those lateen-rigged boats and goes fishing in the usual way, ex- cept that he takes Joe along. He likes to have Joe and Joe likes to go. While the boat is on the way to the fish- ing grounds Joe lies still and doesn’t mind how wet he gets or how much the little craft pitches about. But when the seine with its load of wriggling fish is hauled in Joe's fun commences. He is most anxious to get hold of the largest, and will often jump into the net before it is landed. When a big rock cod is thrown on the deck the cat is in its glory. He will run around and attempt to shake itas he would a mouse. The fish spreads out its fins and opens it mouth and Joe gives it a twist by the tail that causes it to turn a dozen som- ersaults. Then the pair will roll over and over together, and the ‘fishermen become convulsed with -laughte¥’ at the unusual sight. aw The cat gets wet an#f cuvered with scales, and possibly gets pricked several times with the spines of the fis, tywt seems to thor- oughly enjoy the sport, When the fish 3s almost dead from be! ut of its natural element, Joc seems to thifik it is all his do- ings, and that he ha&®rdally killed it in a pitched battle. He thenjwaits for another fish from the deep and repeats the perform- ance. art The cat seems to Mteve no other idea in playing with the fishi*ewcept sport, for it never attempts to eat tha larger ones, but lives almost entirely on the small fish that are used for bait, = 11 91 ——e$¢____ From Pucl «ot Summerly—“Are therevmany life saving Stations here on the Main coast?’ Native—“Wal, there's giner'ly one at every bathing beach, but they mostly keeps mighty poor whisky.” . no, we never advertised; we thovght we knew it all, il biz’ness took a sudden slump an’ pushed us to the wall; An’ now we're knockin’ round the world, our hopes unrealized, An’ all because we knew so much~we never advertised, IN FOREIGN SCHOOLS Naval Students Who Are Sent Abroad to Study. UNCLE SAM FOGTS ALL THE BILLS In the English and French School They Take the Prizes. FOREIGNERS SENT HERE Written for The Evening Star. HREE LUCKY young men will be sent abroad this autumn to finish their education gt Uncle Sam's expense. Their names are W. P. Robert, D. H. Cox and Thomas C. Rob- erts. They have just been graduated from the Naval Academy at Annapolis, and for the next three years they will study in Europe the art of buiiding ships of war. The government sends two or three young men across the water every year for this purpose. They are always chosen by the Secretary of the Navy from the graduating class at Annapolis, the faculty of the acad- emy being consulted. However, those who are first in scholarship are invariably se- lected. They are ordered to take a course of in- struction at one of three great naval schools—the Royal Naval College at Green- wich, the University of Glasgow, or the Ecole d’Application du Genie Maritime. Invariably the young men from Annapolis carry off ali the prizes. On that account the professors at the Ecole say that the American students do the institution honor, but the English people take a different view. The latter have become so disgusted with the success of the Americans in out- stripping British youths that a great clam- or has been raised. Last year the president of the Greenwich Naval College evoked ap- plause by recommending that foreigners should not be admitted to that establish- ment any longer, One of our boys, H. G. Gillmor, is now on his way back to the United States with a “tirst-class certificat from Greenwich—an honor far more cult to obtain than a double-first at Oxford or a senior wrangiership at Cambridge. These young men are interesting. T are the designers of the coming American navy. They return to this country mas- ters of the shipbuilding art up to date, able to superintend the construction of a great naval vessel from the laying of the keel to the last rivet in the armor. Our new warships have been built under the dir: tion of maritime architects thus taught. ‘fo educate them costs money, but th method is vastly cheaper than to mai) tain a naval school ia this country, at an expense of $0,000 or $100,000 per Courses in marine architecture hav established recently at Cornell University and at the Institute of Technology in Los- ton. But the period of study abroad af- fords opportunitities of observing and com- paring the latest types of Vessels in ac- tual process of building by the nations most advanced-in the art. Promotion is Rupid. ‘The fortunate student selected for this uty enters thereupon into the construction corps of the navy. This has so many ad- vantages that the opportunity is rarely re- fused. Promotion is rapid. The young offi- cer attached to this branch of the at jumps into the relative rank of junior Neu- tenant at once on leaving Annapolis, skip- ping the grade of ensign, in which a line officer, as things go now, may stay tea Years before reaching a junior lieutenancy. The pay is proportionately better. It is for such reasons that the line in the navy is always jealous of the staff. On tl ‘her hand, the staff officers consider an injustice is done them because they are under no circumstances permitted to take command of a ship. Their rank is hardly more than courtesy rank. The engineers particularly have fought against this discrimination, and now even the paymasters aud surgeons are claiming that they ought to command. Nevertheless, an officer of the line, if he lives long enough, will come out ahead of the staff officer in respect both to pay and rank. The highest relative rank In the con- struction corps is that of captain, with pay very much less than a rear admiral’s. The business of the construction corps is to make designs for ships and attend to re- pairs, except of engines. There is a popular notion, by the way, that a wur vessel is finished when she is launched, but the truth is-that she is not half done. She has her outer shell and framing complete, with some of the main bulkheads; but after she is afloat are added all of the decks, the in- terior woodwork, the arrangements for drainage and ventilation, and the living ac- commodations—not to mention most of the armor, the turrets and the putting aboard of the boilers and engines. Greenwich and Glasgow Schools. Cox and Robert have been ordered to Greenwich, Naval students have been sent thither from this country ever since 1879. Only two are permitted to take the course at any ome time, and this quota is always kept filled. Gillmor and another young of- ficer named Smith returned this fall, having completed three years’ study at the college. They will make ten who have been grad- vated from the institution. Of these ten, only six are now left in the navy. Three of the original number are dead, and one, Lewis Nixon, resigned recently from the service, and is at present employed by the Cramps as manager of their shipyards. The tuiticn fees for our naval students are paid by Uncle Sam. They amount to $150 @ year at Greenwich. At the University of Glasgow they are slightly less. The regu- jar course of study at the latter institution covers two years, but one year in addition is devoted to advanced studies. The estab- lishment is under private ownership, aided, to some extent, by the British government. 9 limit is placed on the number of Ameri- cens admitted. At Greenwich and Glasgow the Ameri- is enter on the same terms as English students. However, they are not obliged to pass examinations in order to get in, their certificates of graduation from An- napolis being deemed sufficient evidence of their qualification in point of scholarship. They live outside the college, and no re- straint is put on their liberty. There are no recitatior instruction being given by lectures in signing, marine engineering, naval architecture and practical shipbulld- ing. Examinations are held three times a year. The young officers are not compelled to wear uniforms, unless on some such ex- traordinary occasion as a presentation to the Prince of Wales. At the Ecole d@’Appli- cation du Genie Maritime in Paris they are glad to get as many Americans as care to enter. Seven of our naval students have finished there, and two more have taken part of the course. The regular studies oc- cupy two years, preceded by one year in the School of Mines. No fees for tuition are charged, the school being supported by the government. The studies have a somewhat wider range than at Glasgow and Green- wich. Undergraduates learn how to build marine engines and acquire a knowledge of metallurgy. The latter is likely to be of value to them in case, at any time. they shall be called upon to inspect material for warships. With the French Students. The students iake Freach lessons incl- dentally. They have already had two years’ of schooling in the French language at Annapolis. In the summers they make tours of the ship yards, and the journals in which they set down their observations must be submitted for criticism on their return to the Ecole in the fall. Last year the French undergraduates were sent on a tour of the English ship yards, while the English young men visited the French ship yards. Thus they had an opportunity to compare two different systems of construction. For example, the French are row putting two armored decks on their war vessels, while the English use only one. The lower deck is for the pur- pose of catching fragments of projectiles loaded with high explosives. Experiments heve proved that such fragments easily pass through the thickest single deck, and it is not desirable to have them fly about in the interior of the ship. The French are at present ahead of all the rest of the world in naval architecture. Uncle Sam thus far has followed the English system. The American students who attend the Ecole in Paris are at liberty to dispose of their time outside of the school as they like. If they choose they may indulge in all the frivolities of the gay French capi- tal. As a matter of fact, however, they have no leisure for dissipation; they are hard at work all the year round. In an official sense they are under the direction and supervision of the United States naval <tache in Paris, through whom they com- nicate with the Navy Department at Washington. The relations of the young officers studying in England and Scotland to the naval attache in London are the same. -The nations of the world make o practice of exchanging naval students. Several young Japanese have been at An- napolis. One has just been graduated. A Danish lieutenant is now attached to the staff of the American admiral commanding the European station on board the Chicago. At the Naval War College at Newport are two Swedish officers, one of whom recently finished a term of service in the British revy. Practice of Other Countries. Great Britain and France are the only power’ which have great maritime schools. At Greenwich and the Ecole d’Application are usually students not only from the United States, but from other foreign coun- tries, principally Swedes, Nerwegians, Rus- sians and Japanese. The Japanese especial- ly have taken advantage of the opportuni ties thus afforded. Hundreds of them have studied in France within the last few years. The organization of the Japanese navy is modeled to a great extent on the French service. It may be said that French science is fighting China now in Asiatic waters. M. Bertin, at present in charge of the Ecole at Paris, was employed not long ago to or- wanize the construction department of the navy of Japan. When twe powers fight the other nations gaze with interest upon the spectacle for the purpose of obtaining knowledge. matter of courtesy, the combatants usually afford facilities to representatives of neutral countries who are sent by their govern- ments to witness the conflict. Thus Gen. Sheridan, in behalf of the United States, watched the progress of the Franco-Pru: sian war from the German side. The re- cent war in Egypt was witnessed by Capt. Goodrich, U. 8S. N., who wrote an elaborate report on it, covering both military and naval operations. No army officer has as yet been detailed by Secretary Lamont to witness the military operations in Corea, but such an assignment of duty will be made presumably. The conflict. between China and Japan affords a lesson in war- fare of great value and importance. Of- ficers of our navy in the eastern seas are watching it eagerly. The Monocacy, in- cidentally to guarding the interests of American citizens in that part of the world, is following up the Japanese fleet for the purpose of observation. Being a light- draught vessel—the only one of that d scription belonging to the United States at Present in those waters—she will be able to accompany any flotilla that may be sent by the Japanese up the river against Pekin. The Baltimore is now in Corean waters. Students of warfare thus delegated by their governments must preserve strict neutrality, of course. Under the law of na- tions their persons are inviolable. RE. BACHE. << GHOSTS OF IMAGINATION. Specters That Are the 01 Disordered Mind. From the Pittsburg Dispatch. To many persons at some time and ts some persons geveral times come appari- tions that are considered out of the usual, or scientifically unexplainable, and are thus relegated to the domain of the supernatural. It may be as weil to admit that the-ocular sense sometimes sees these spectral appear- ances. But it does not follow that they are not one and all explainable on other hypotheses than as wanderers from the mysterious ghostly shores, reconveyed by Charon on his return trip across the Stygian tide, to inspire the timid with fear and terror with- cut substantial consequences. Of ell the tens of millions of mental ma- chines that are running at all stages and in all conditions, it is not supposable that they can all be run with such precision as not some time or other to be subject to allusive action in their workings. ‘hat peculiar phantasmagoria often comes in sickness and what is known as delirium tremens, weird and horrid mental pictures that present themselves to the wakeful brain, but which is involuntary ratiocination although produced by abnor- mal physica! brain conditions. It is more than probable that much of what is known as phantasms is of this char- acter—a_ temporary touch of unconscious “Ko dera: ent. ose are wonderfully peculiar and {tu- sive pictures that are presented to us in dreams, : nd yet they are closely allied with the occasional wakeful specters, lacking only the intensity necessary to be projected on the vision of wakefulness. But another order of spectral apparitions may be of ai- together another character. It is just possible that the seemingly spec- ring ot a These are real and veritable illusions, yet a little study enables us to trace out that they are reflections, although objects are sometimes represented of whose existence we know nothing. The reflection in a mirror, so faithful to every minute detail, is of an illusory nature, but the cause and the effect being both near cond closely related, we understand the phenomenon which then occasions no surprise. What else could these apparitions be than what on these and other similar grounds is explainable? The forms alleged to have nm seen are as well animal as human, semetimes neither, and too grotesque to al- en of mental reproduction in describing em. The image in the mirror can make pan- tomime, but it can umke no voice; it can- not utter a sound. Being only an appari- tion and not a real tangible entity, its scope is thus restricted, and the spectral appari- ee gp lacking in intelligence ans is only the mirage—only - blance of something. as boca vara e+ —___ FOOD AND GENIUs. ‘The Most Popular Novelists Dine Mach Like Ordinary Folks. From the Saturday Review. It ts extremely improbable that gSenius derives any peculiarly appropriate nutri- ment from a firh diet, and it is certain that senius gives no thought to the subject. | Mr. Carlyle and Lord Tennyson smoked pipes—because they were men enough to smoke pipes—but we do not suppose that cigarettes would have meade a decadent of Mr. Carlyle or 2n “impressionist” of Sir Joshua Reynolds. The style and character of Dr. Johnson remained the same, whether he drank lemonade and tea or port and punch. Old Satchells boldly avers that brandy rakes the poet, but his poetry would have had the scme complexion had he regaled his muse with whisky. On champagne and ortolans Burns would have written neither better nor worse than on collops and teddy. In another field of excellence it is likely that to smoke a pipe and drink a glass of beer would not add or subtract a couple of strokes from Taylor's usual round on the Imks. It was not because of his great ap- petite for beef that Sir Andrew Aguecheek fell below a lofty intellectual standard. We do not know whether Shakespeare had any favorite dish. About Thackeray's and Johnson’s favorite dishes, we know a great deal, but are phychologicaily none the wiser. Apprecia- tion of cockyleeky does not account for the statesmanlike qualities or defects of James VI. Whatever Mr. Gladstone's favorite food m™ be it is probably none of the rough- and-ready dainties celebrated by Homer, and it is not to be thought thet he takes grated cheese in his cla like Nesior. In short, food and genius ing to do with cach other, and the most popular nov- elists are not to be distinguished at dinner time from mere critics. oo The Old Man's Occupniion, From the Atlanta Constitution. “What's Dick coing now?” “Weill, Dick, he’s a-doctorin’.” “And John?” ‘He's horse-tradin’.” nd William?” es a-savin’ of souls.” ‘And Tom? “Well, Tom—he's sorter poliiicianin’ aroun’.’ “And you?” “Well, I'm sorter farmin’ an’ c-feodin’ et Dick. ax’ Tohn an’ William an’ Tomi” RAILROADS, — cote SSS RALLMOAD. : Station corner of Gth and B streets, In effect June 24, 1804. PENNSYLVANIA’ LIMITED, —Putiman Harriciuty to Chicape, Ciecieate ae jarristurg toch ‘, lend and ‘Toledo. ‘Buftet Parlor FAST LINE.—Pullman Buffet Parlor 3 acvuve._ Faster and Dining Cars Har ittsburg. -M. CHICAGO AND ST. LOUIS EXPRESS. 7Puliman Buffet Parlor Car to Harrisburg. Sleep tng and Dining rs Harristen Louis, Ciecinnati, Louisvitie 4 gt 7:10 P. WESTERN EXPRESS. —Paollman Sic ing Car to Chica; and Harrisburg to Clevelai Dining Car Chicago. 7:10 P.M. WESTERN EXPRESS.—Pullmaa® Sleeping and Dining Cars to St. ‘and Sleep- ime ig tng, Gat Harrisburg to Cincionat 0:40 P.M. PACIFIC EXPRESS.—Pullman Sleep- ing Car to Pittsbarg. for Kane, Is dally, except and ra Falls daily, Sleeping Car Washington to 10:40 p-m. for Erie, Canandaigua, Kochest oat Puiladetpn) sate i eg ier 4 Pm. “CONGRESSIONAL LIMITED,” all Pare for Penadcipaia ok dae 1:30) 2 . 200, 9:40 (Dining Car), 3:15, 4:20, 10:00 . for 20 a.m. and 4:36 pm 9:00 and 11:50 a.m., and = Sunday. Sundays, 9500 a. ic “Coas Line Express ior Itichmond, Jack- saville and Tampa, 4:30 am. 3:30 pin’ duis, ie and Atlavia, 8:30 p.m. dsily. Kichwoud orly, 10:57 a.m. week’ days, Accommodai a Leave Alexandria for Washington, 6:05, 205, 8:00, 9:10, 10:15, <= ¥ r can be left for check- je to destinatioa from hotels and resk dences. S. M. PREVOsT, 3. R woun, ecig General Manager. Gen'l Pass. agt. ER ONT NED. an a in ro duly FS = ree Senger Station, ‘Wesbiacton, | ” Raton 8:00 a.m. daily—Locai for Ds ie and inter mediate stations, and connects at Lynchberg with the Norfolk and Western railroad westward, daily, = ‘at Manassas for ‘Stresburg, daily, except Sum 2m. THE GREAT SOUTHERN PAST Daily. operates Pullman Buffet Sleepers, y ‘ashington via Charlotte aud Oo lumbia to Savannah and Jacksonville, uniting at Charlotte with Sleeper for Augusta, ‘also carries througa Pollman Buffet Sle New York to Mout- gomery, with coausccions fort New Orleans. Com tnd eet auts for Bicmingham, Als., Columbus SOL «PIED: 243 p.m.—Dally for Orange and tnt stations” and throagh train for Prout opal exe Strasturg, daily. Surda 10°43 (p.m.— WASHINGTON S SESTIBULED LIMITED, man Vestibuled Sleepers and Dining Cars, runs Ch.lotte and Columida to Augesta, ne Jacksnvie and Tanpa. carrying Pollinan Sleeper ew Yok to Tampa. Also rates Pallmam York to New Orleans via Atlanta and eave Washington pm. dolly. except Sunda only” for Round Hill, and 2, . $34 am, Leesburg, and 633 @ Herndon only. he south arrive Washing» i, a . and 8:20 Manas- sas Division 2.10. 7» except lo 8:40 a.m. daily from Orauge: oe Sunday. an ping Car teservations apa tnforma- tor at o@ices, S11 and 1200 Pennsyiva- avenue, and at Passenger Stath canes] Bla Railrend. Washincton, D.C. Penney lea W. H. GREEN, Gen. Man. WaT L. &. RRow 200 p.mw., dally, daily, except Sunday, from m,. daily, except Sunday, ‘Th-ough trains from tor 7:18 am., 2:20 p. Sate. Bae petit cial $a & 2 ; Re eae : Unou station (B. and = grandest scenery in Ai Throwgh the with the handsom-st and most complete solid train eer Vice west from Washington. M.D. — ti and St. Louts ial”—Solld Vestibuted, newly Equipped, Elec {rclighted. Steam-beated Train. Pullinan's, Masst jeeping cars ington to Cincinnatt, In@lanape- Ms ‘and St. 1 ‘Without change. Dining from Washingto Indianapolis, 11 St Arrives Cincinnati, 8:00 @. iS am., and Chicago, 5:30 p. mn SP RILY.—The tamons “FF aon Virginia a 7:20" a. onion for ali points. “yost M., EXCEPT SUNDAY.—Tor Old Polst ind ‘Norfolk. Only rafl line. rx Gordonsville, prince Comfort ‘and Nori 2:25 PM. DAILY.—Pxpress for Charlottesville. Waynesboro’, Staunton and pal Virginia points; @aily, except Sunday, for Rich- Pallman locations and tickets at company’s of- fen B55 aud 1330 Tennerteants avenze. ‘E 89. ‘done 1 to new: nclalty: goats with care, cated for and delivered. welB-lm* LADIES’ SEAISKIN GARMENTS REDYED AND Aitered inte latest stries. Furs of all. kinds te ined. THE Missrs ND CAROLINT LERCH, 828 12TH AND 0S 1 -t nw. French @reing and cleanlug of every description: evening apd party dresses made 9 spocialtf. Ocr patronage extends tate the most fashionable circles. az STEAM CARPET CLEANING. CLEAMNG CMUMATED | SEAM CARDET Yorks. —Carpets cleaued ta tresses made to crder. | Gaice, 1720 Ta. ave, Works, 1708 acd 1710 EB nw.” felepione, 806 mrt M. NEWIIYER, Manager, = — ——— UNDERTAKERS. Ww. R. Speare, Undertaker & Embalmer, 940 F Street Nortuwont. Eversthing stcictly first-class and on the moss at, b] a BALMER,