Evening Star Newspaper, March 10, 1894, Page 20

THE EVENING STAR, SATURDAY, MARCH 10, 1894-TWENTY PAGES. THE STRIKERS RUSHED IN. THE GREAT LARAN REBELLIOK WRITTEN FOR THE EVENING STAR BY NYM CRINKLE. — Copyrighted, 1894.) CHAPTER XIV. T WA? THIS YEAR that the new phase ef imported sociu- ism came into view with the “Industrial Junta,” as it was called. The branches nad been organized secretly and it was known that the mis- ehievous order had its lodges in all the states. Public atten- tion was not, how- ver, awakened to the power of “The Junta,” until the St. Mary’ riots occurred. St. Mary's, at one time a mere suburb five miles from Paducah at the confluence of the Tennessee and the Ohio, had five years before become an important manufacturing place owing to its vurchase by an English syndicate and the erection @he-e of enormous workshops. The princi- pal industry was the manufacture of cut- lery and all kinds of copper tools, hardened by a new process, equal to the finest steel. ‘The same syndicate had purchased an enormous track of copper-mining land on Lake Superior and communication was di- ect and inexpensive by means of the Mis- sissippi. This English company had ob- tained the secret process of hardening cop- ber, so it was said, from a poor Ame-ican mechanic. At the time of the trouble with the men there were over 10,000 operatives employed at St. Mary’s. The place may have contained 5,000 other inhabitants, but all the stockholders lived abroad. It was ®@ town of factories and chimneys, and, save at the outlying end of its main thorough- fare, where one of the directors and several of the superintendents had erected hand-; some houses, its residences were cottages of | unpretentious form. It had a bank, aso | owned by the company; a free lMbrary, sev- | @ral churches and a public hall called “The Hovdr-:is Sat Up All One Night. Forum.” The trouble between the company and the workmen was at the start a trifling one and would have been adjusted by the | workmen themselves if it had not been for | outside interference. “The Junta” had had | its eyes on this point for a year and re-| solved to make it the starting point of its socialistic upheaval. It succeeded in xe! ting its own men into the works and dis-| affecting a largé number of operatives. A strike of one branch occurred early in| the year and the company sent men from} England to take their places. It was rot! proven that they came under contract, but | no one doubted it. In six months they had | taken on 300 men guardedly and singly, | and, having demonstrated to their own) satisfaction the feasibility of tmporting| thei> labor in a surreptitious manner, un-| General Luscomb. Do nothing til I get | been op: dertook a colonizing scheme. They put up| Goo cottages on a large tract and let the Property and invited immigration, disclaim- ing any desire to get workmen. It was not till a reduction of wages took place aid another strike occurred that the colonists | proved to be able to take the place of the, discharged men, who were, in the main, un- | skilled workmen. At this point the actual trouble began. The skilled American work-| men sympathized with the men who had|/ gone out and four of the factories shut! down. | The director appears to have been a prag- matic Englishman, without the tact of prudence. There was at the time $1,000,000 in specie on temporary deposit in the St. Mary's bank, being the two payments made by the government for a large contract for copper gun-barrels. This money should never have reached St. Mary's in coin. Eut there had been a loud outery from different Parts of the country that all the profits of the company went to England, and the dis- affected men of “The Junta” had re-echoed it bitterly. This director, therefore, whose name was Matlock, had advised the com- Pany to use the money at St. Mary's in Paying off the indebtedness on the improve- ment scheme. He appeared to think it would have a good effect. On the night af- ter the strike three of the new houses built by the company were burned. The striking workmen were charged with the incendiar- ism, but denied it. The next day there were three or four thousand men out of work in the town and a very angry feeling. Director Matlock injudiciously expressed an op!aion about the origin of the fire which made the better class of striking workmen indignant, and they sent a delgation to the office of the works to get a statement from him directly, and they encountered at the door of the office six men, armed with clubs and pistols, who ordered them away. An! altercation ensued. Two of.the delegation ! were knocked down and one had his skull fractured. The remainder of the men went! back for reinforcements and in an hour| there was a mob of ‘*) men before the of- | fice. They demanded that the perpetrators | of the outrage should be handed over or they would enter the building by force and take them. Matlock refused to give them up. The mob then broke into the office, | Seized the men and took them {nto the | Street. where they were beaten to death. The director then’ sent for the sheriff at Paducah and telegraphed to the governor that the English company’s property was in | @anger and he demanded the p-otectioa of he state. j At this juncture a large number of the re- | maining workmen who had taken no part! strike protested against the actton of | director and went out with the othe-s. The whole town was now in a ‘erment of ft t. and that night Mr. Matlock be- ures to have his gold | | | ay am event cccurred which Is i in the history of strikes. In Sia ia i extraordinary to explain the topog of perhaps three uthwest and over- looks like nd S$ south and west with a steady | ers in a| ‘all for fifteen or twenty miles. It is a poor and sparsely inhabited country, covered with scrub oak and gum trees, and an- swers in many repects to the southwestern land of Kentucky which is still called the “Barrens.” There are few roads and th are very bad. All local travel skizting this region follows the Clark river on the line of the Paducah railw: It is not at x accessible from St. Mary’s. It is s uninviting. About a mile out there is old house standing half hidden in the gum trees and brush near the one road. factured potash and tannin from stumps and is suid to have d business there in a drudging way six weeks before the trouble St. Mary's the place was hired fom an old negro into whose possession it had fall by a man who gave out that he w to fit it up for the manufact Paper, a great deai of whi $ St. Mary's and material for which hi found in a crude state somewhere in th neighborhood. He had been receiving his stock of machinery and implements over the Paducah road. On the morning to which refere: been made St. Mary's wa: moralized condition. Tine ne over the country and hund: of st rs had poured in across the Ohio and from Louisville and Cairo. It was pected everybody that a collision would take pl between the workmen and the coiony the English company had bank of the river. erift of the ¢ had arrived, but the governor hal de vo interfere at the present state of Such was the condition of ma at 9 o'clock, to the astonis body, a segiment of int in full marching order nee vow which a ters wh . 1,000 st rmed ome, with magazine guns, made its appearance at the} edge of the town on the Padw and came*down the main sircet the bank in fine order, corps of four pieces. The astonishment and exci sudden invasion were increase the banner which s; ah ailroad far as preceded by a drum ement at this sibl Battalion American Workingmen. mny of Money. No Coerci Capital. Where the regiment had come fron: far it had marched or what we its in tions no one knew. But it did not take Ic for the rumor to form and fly that it w $ workingman’s regiment and wouid not take the side of the employers. a When it had reached the little square where the bank stood it was drawn up. A skimish line was thrown out, pickets sta- tioned and the crowd forced back. The colonel and his staff then went into the bank. The disposition of the men in the street was such that access to the bank wa impossible, and, as the doorway i ona level with the street, it was impossible for the crowd to see what was soing on, save that there was a constant fluctuation in the ranks of the men. The regiment stood there quite two hours and a half. In the meantime there great commotion at the company’s works. ‘The sheriff set off in a carriage with Mr. Matlock, followed by half a score of depu- ties, to reach the bank, but were stopp by the pickets. The officer protested and threatened, but in vain. When zsked if the governor had sent them, the soldiecs | replied: “You must talk to the colonel, but | you cannot pass the lines at present. “If the colonel desires to Protect the bank he will confer with me,” said Mr. Matlock. “I don’t know what his orders are,” said the soldier. “Better wait till he calls on you at the works. The sheriff, in high dudgeon, then rushed to the telegraph office. It is an hour before he gets an answer from the governor at Lexington, and it is: “Haye not authorized | use of troops—must be mis‘ ment. What do you mean? ‘Then followed several of the absurdest of dispatches. “No mistake,” says the sheriff. “Regi- ment, one thousand strong, armed with re- peating rifl “Impessible,” says the governor. “Your fears or your condition has made you wild. There is not such a regimental formation in the state. If you cannot preserve the peace will send the Louisville Light Guards lake about regi- }—ninety-four men. The law must be up-| Memp held.” Then Matlock corroborated the sheriff. “Regiment of armed men in posses the bank. Must have the protection state at once. The sheriff is heipless.” To this the governor still incredulously replies: “Regiment mu: ave transporta- tion. How did it com nswer at once if it invaded the state from Ohio.” “Impossible to tell," was the answer. “No one knows how it got here. It is drawn up on Main street at present. Have failed to communicate with officers.” After some delay the governor sent this ord: “Will arrive in the morning with Adjutant wi there.” While this going on an hour was lost and it was 3 o'clock. At half-past 3 o'clock the regiment was moved from the bank to the vicinity of the company's works. It proceeded in fine open order and was cheer- ed along the route by the people. A strong guard was left at the bank and no one al- lowed to enter. On the company‘s common it was ai drawn up—a strong encircling line of pi |ets thrown out and the following note sent | officer commanding the St. M. about 5 o'clock to the directcr: ir—The first battalion of the working- men's advance guard will protect property until the state takes possession. I shall en- camp my men on the outskirts until tomor- row. Let the citizens retire to their homes till that time.” Six Men With Clubs and Pistols. After several attempts to see the colonel, the sheriff sent a communication to him: “Sir—Will you inform the authorities of this county by what right you invade this state? As the legally constituted officer of the county, I demand that you appear be- fore me and explain your conduct under penalty of arrest.” To this the colonel made no answer It was 6 o'clock in the evening when the regiment was marched to an open tract on the southwest terrace overlooking the town strong guards were thrown out in all dirsc. tions and apparent preparations made tor ‘oing into camp. As there was nothing for the town to do but wait the arrival of the governor in the morning, it slowiy down. Tne camp fires of the military burned in a long row on the far terrace. The regular beat of the drum far into the night, which was ansunu: dark one, and gt 12 o'clock all was still. But as soon as it was light the str were thronged. There were the terrace smoking as if with prep: breakfast, and the white tent of could be plainly seen. The tra brought in a crowd of idle mi but the railroad officials denied having seen any regiment As soon as the day was fairly ived | crowds began to make their way to the edge of the camp. The rd had been withdrawn from the bank in the night and k Matlock received word that the t had disappeared. He went imme to the bank with the sheriff. At same time the news of the disanpoar- ance spread like wildfire. Crowds « rran | the camping ground, but not a sign cf| the soldiers could be found except the smoldering fires, the remaining tent and was | the strong smell of the trodden grass, with herevand there a dropped fragment of cloth- ing—a cartridge or a piece of food. “The disposition of the men was as fol- ‘Then it was that the director discovered | lows: One hundred went scatteringly from that all the specie had been removed from! the camp back to town in their former the bank. A great crowd had gathered | clothes at 10 o'clock; another hundred got ment, as a uniformed organization, had dis- appeared. round the entrance. He got upon a chair | off at 11 o'clock, and a third at 12 o'clock. and in an excited manner conveyed the in- | I drew them up format by companies in a circie in It was received with increda-| the center of the camp and started them cries of “Served you ght. | out in radiating lines. I calculated that In "t believe it. You brought the sol- | fifteen minutes, If the men walked briskly, &ec., and the wildest excitement! that there would be a distance of 500 feet | between each man, and, of course, those going south and east would have to make a large detour to reach the town. At 12:20 I was reduced to five hundred men, at least two hundred having gone toward Paducah in the same straggling manner. The re- maining five companies were started from the old house between 2:30 and 4 o'clock, going in widening Hnes south, southeast and southwest through the barrens and about one hundred under orders to strike the ratl- road track at long intervals and return to town. I held a detail of twelve trusty men with me to complete the work—clearing up the fragments and arranging the material | in the house. The pea basa into fa fi . The adjutant, an old-t vet- | cellar and the knapsacks heaped upon the ean wits paren Tatar SeeranIee eu | firet fear au saturated with ‘two barrels of Kentucky dignity, immediately framed a| Kerosene that were knocked in the head on theory that there had been a rald from | the floor above. At 5 o'clock Capt. Einstein southern Indiana and was for calling upon vas left behind to com- fon. heriff was paralyzed and lost his sent telegrams to Louisville ard » calling on the authorities to arrest oldiers in blue shirts and duck trousers He arrested the all armed with Spencer rifles. agents at the Paducah railroad and held them for collusion. Armed parties were ent out on the highways and discoverel nothing but straggling men drawn to the town by the news. Every other subject was now swallowed up in the robbery of the bank, and upon the arrival of the governor and his adju- tant in the afternoon there ensued a scene of incredulous indignation and fussy of- of Company ‘ > dc ouched a match to the governor of that state to make good the | P! the d touched loss and to return the raiders for punish- | the huilding and ‘ed to = - ment. road t Kk, ¢ in er with \: e fe | In Louisville, Cairo and Cincinnati the popes cans who Vere attracted at that hour Mena. Se thes bas Oe ee iis | | ORs nee ine. the hext aiee at apeens | arrounced in its hea: : “The English | hut on the Mississippi, where 1 wes waiting syndicate at St. Mary’s makes away with | nd reported that the destruction mplete and that the guns had been overed by shes and debris a million and a half of money belonging | | to the workingmen.” and would ‘ e xt be discovere] until an at- A paper in Louisville announced that a not ‘ I ea | Kentucky had been invaded by an army | tempt was made to remove the rubbish. of na freebooters and its heedli | “My calculations with regard to the | rtling. “Are we to have another | tion rch would take the regime ar?” they asked. “Shall invaa- | ; ou will see by the papers, desolate Kentuc! while our | and the of brin the scows over i fe officials are dickering with the | from the other side of Ohfo and cutting | them loose above Padu: nd one. | bleated barons? Let there be a cali to The general ef ized the au- fact alone was clear to the people | thorities that the men had crossed the river fae a fate a ee now’ convin y actual demon- the aston sumstance did — heme of w of success attemp? will succeed before munity can bring itself to acknowl- country some he muddle and had toc and governor of the suSpicion din the mind wid 1 am. m ‘that the superinter (To be continued.) in some way impiicated in the 1 Pi MSE ct = the gold, and nothing could eradicate from | PUPPIKINS NO LONGER ENGAGED. the governor's head’ the notion that the | regiment was an exaggerated ruse which | Hymeneal Prospects Nipp the Bud by a Dose of Sq rou may as well take back your con- tulations, old man, for the engagement ‘oken said Puppkins yesterday, ut the Platypus Club. exclaimed his friend Noo- | ou, It is destined that I |am to remain a bachelor for the present at all events. The idea has its consolations, | but 1 could have wished to withdraw from the tireshold of matrimony somewhat more | is her name. She has given me the cold shake, my dear fellow.” das a rivs it. was Th no rival, so far as I am re Was no romance in the busi- | 8 just plain, ordinary squash Squash pie!’ ected what ean pie, particular! to do with # love affair Much, in this instance,’ with increa: sloom, Noodles. “How— Starting the Fire. squash pie, have | had heen br. inv ht about ains fro by a descent of southern Indiana. said Puppkins, “It squashed me." jiendricks had counted on this very re- ult. His motto « “Audacity that be- then, ‘sy that disorgan- -uppkins, settling back in ning a cigar, “I'll tell you all about it. There is a litte coterie of New England men in Baltimore which calls it- the ‘Pilgrim Fathers.’ I am, or rather on | CHAPTER XV. | It is necessary now to keep in mind | was, a mem cing, as you know, | two orders of events. One is the slow | from Massachusetts. ‘It dines once a month j focusing of public suspicion about the |on corned beet and cabbage, baked beans and squash pie. Other edibles are furnish- ed, put nothing that is not distinctly a Yan- kee dish. Laran. The other is the ex- relationship of the principal headquarters of the er was, a member of this exclusive organization. The last dinner was just ten days ago. I went to it after pass- ing the afternoon with Flora—that is to say, Miss Giddin who is spending the winter in Baltimore. With the repast sev- eral kinds of wine were served as usual— Pilgrims not limiting themselves to New gland vintag nd it is possible that I may have taken a trifle too much. There is no doubt whatever that the man who sat directly opposite me ple—his name is Perkins—t icated.” A week passes and men are straggling bac to the Laran from all over the coun- ‘They come in through the woods at sht singly or in little groups. They rive at the Wash bayou, coming down from St. Louis and crossing at night from the Arkansas shore, they come up from looking for work and some of ide in from the mountains of East Hendrie s the reassembling with “Perkins? ‘hiladelphia cool catculation and appears to have been | man, isn’t he? satisfied of the main resuits. About fif- No; he is from Connecticut. That is why | teen per cent of the men never reap- | he was invited, being supposed to be a con- ed. This was according to his calcu- | noisseur in p' }lations, But the rest, actuated by the dh, of course. | fear of individual peril, the esprit de corps “Well,” continued Puppkins, “to make a of military organization, or the desire to|long story short, s and I came to go on with the war which a master spirit | words. He insulted I don’t exactly re- had planned, had, in great part, returned at the end of the week. At that time there were by count five hundred and fifty men of the regiment back in the 5 | Hendricks sat up all one night reading | the papers that had been brought him from He went over all the accounts There was not in any of them member how—and I threw a glass of wine across the table into his face. He respond- ed by picking up two large and very thick squash pies, which happened to be veniently within reach, and letting me have them where he thought they would do the most good. I have since learned that Per- kins is pi man amateur base ball nine tearetul h ja surmise to the truth. The regiment | of some local celebrity. nad got away and it had accomplish ‘The deuce!” its purpose, but the further away from the | “One of the pies—I belleve I said they scene the corhments wer serious- | were very large and thick—hit me square ly the newspap: in the face, while the other struck me flat in the middle of my dress shirt. That is to asce > say, I being s ined these facts after a bit, ally blinded the first misstie one journal, men can come and go without | that I did not at once understand what had . can dismantle a bank and|happered. After my face had been washed art with a million dollars in spe-| with the conteats of a finger bowl and lcie without being detected or interfered | wiped with napkins, I was able to give with or tracked, remains for the imagina- | Some assistance to two or three of the fel- tive west to exp It looks very much at | lows, who started in to scrape me off with table knives. ‘And Perkins? “Oh, he had vanished in the confusion. But why proceed with the painful detail: You know what happens when a soft body, acting as a projectile and moving at a high rate of speed, strikes a hard obstacle. It scatters. That is what happened to those pies, for which I served as a target. There was not a square inch of my person in front that not covered with semi-liquid squash. My hair was full of it. My pock- ets were found to contain considerable quantities of it. Some of it made its way down my neck, and I eventually discovered a 1 portion of it in each of my shoes.” “Horrible! But what has all this got to do with the breaking of your engagement?” Iverything. I was expelled from the ‘Pilgrim Fathers’ on the ground that I had been the aggressor in the squash pie epl- sode, having thrown wine in Perkins’ face, Miss Giddings learned this, receiving also a full and highly humorous account of the af- fair. She wrote me that she could never marry a man who was capable of figuring in so ridiculous and discreditable a per- formance, returning at the same time my letters and ring. The latter is a consol: | this distance as if the English company had ‘ating in phantoms to bear its own | mark | An angry official correspondence taken place between the governor of nessee and the ernor of Indiana. town of St. Mary’s and the city of Paduc: armed with newspaper men and detec- tives. But it was plain to Hendricks that “sh troubles at St. Mary's between the di- tor and the men threatened to draw at- tion from the search for the soldiers. | An official report of Gen. Watterson, the "8 expedi- Whether it was had tion, has been preserved. forwarded before his return to Laran or |was written subsequently is not known. But it gives a very clear explanation of the novel method adopted in this military cam- | paign. It reads as follows: “The whole plan has worked, with a few ight discrepancies, as projected. The feas- getting the whole regiment into S and the neighborhood without attracting attention was easily proven. My an to come in four days before mbled. They were in fairly good shape and passed for workmen ou: of em-| tion, because it is worth a hundred dollars ployment and fdlers drawn in by the ex-| Sna'1am particularly hard up Just oe we |citement. It was impossible to go any- ent.” where without seeing them mingling with | °"* the workmen and standing about on the Rae corners with the unemployed. In three days | Number of Columbian Stamps Issued. seven hundred were In St. Mary's and three From the Philadelphia Press, Denomination, 1-cent 2-cent. B-cent hundred in and ut Paducah, with orders to come in stragglingly to the former place on the fourth day. At any other time a thousand men suddenly added to the popu- lation of so small a town would have ex- cited suspicion, but the excitement of the strike was supposed to be drawing the men from all quarters, and great credit must be Total Issues. given to our forces, who, as a rule, kept 4,330,250 themselves close and avoided attracting at- 10,650,650 tention. night of the third day 1 260) three hundred were already in the old house on the barrens or in the immediate vicinity undergoing the most extraordinary discom- fort on account of the want of accommoda- tions, and an hour before sunrise on the | fourth day I had the whole command with- in reach and most of them uniformed and armed. We formed column at 5 o'clock in the barrens just three mil southeast of the town and marched in on the railroad 30-cent. D-cent. Grand _ total 100,000,000 track; took possession of the bank at 9] The total face val issue wa o'clock, distribute] money among regiments | $40,077,950. |as planned without opposition, each man = tee carrying a hundred and fifty eagles. The Disqualified. bu in belts worked admirably. 1 de- two hundred men, companies A and and kept crowd one thousand feet from bank, withdrawing them in squads and,re- cing them with other men who vere Jed up with specie; successfully av. | collision with sheriff, Who was completels | wildered by events; took camp at 6 o'clock p.m. on the terrace as planned and the reg- iment began at once to melt away. Four h rel men got out of their uniforms in © center of the camp (where they were se- curely s' Jed) before § o'clock. The suits in the knapsacks turned out better than 1 expected and Comm ning should be credited with gre s nd ingenuity in the provision of these sult: The uni- fo: were put into the knapsacks and at night [ started the men in Indian file the old house, and, as by that time I f‘ur hundred more men ready, there eight hundred knap: hund guns to be dispc 1 of; by maki each man carry two £ and two knap- sacks T zot the whole elght hundred Stranger. into The intense darkness of will you be kind enoug? a great advantage and the|to ask that officer where Bleecker stree ness the grand and the special | is? guards statloned along the Ines to p. Citizen, him yezsilf. Yez hov straggling or the Httering of the route aided | tong Stranger (pleadingly).—"Yes; but I don i “At 8 o'clock in the morning the regi- | know a word of Irish!’ } ly. A RARE COLLECTION Autographs and Manuscripts in Uncle Sam's Possession. | THEY HAVE HISTORIC AND CASH VALUE The Most Important Are in the State Department. HOW THEY ARE KEPT Written for The Evening Star. NCLE SAM IS EN- vied by collectors of autographs and rare manuscripts the world over. He owns one of the finest col- lections of original manuscripts in the world. Of course they are American manuscripts,and they are worth all of the other American manuscripts in ex- bf istence many times over. They have not only an historic but a cash value. Some of them are a part of the archives of the State Department; some are collections which Congress bought and paid for by special appropriation. The revolu- tionaty archives alone could be sold at uction for half a million dollars. Many of them belonged to the government original- The others were purchased by Congress by appropriations aggregating $165,000. All of the manuscripts that Congress bought are still in the State Department, and with the exception of the Franklin papers all of them half a century older than when the government bought them. Their value bas ine ed with age. Mr. Allen, the State Department librarian, tells me that the cash value of these revolutionary archives undoubtedly exceeds half a million dollars. No one could possibly form an estimate of the value of all of the State Department archives. They include the origin .! Decla- ration of Independence, the Constitution of the United States and the originals of all the laws of Congress. It would be a sacri- lege to put a money value on them. The Revolutionary Archives. The revolutionary archives are in seven sets, acquired by the department at differ- ent times. There are the records of the Continental Congress, which were deposited in the State Department under authority of the act of September 15, 1780. Then there are the papers of Washington, Jef- Franklin, Hamilton, Madison and Herc is what they’ cost: a! Congress records. on papers. ferson, Monroe. Nothing $45,000 20,000 35,000 20,000 25,000 20,000 — ee $165,000 isht the Washington manu- rks collection) in two lots— 4 and the second in 1: bers were purchased in Jeiferson and Hamilton pa- . Isis, and the Monroe papers Madisoa Monroe ft scripts (the 8; the first in The Madis in nen Congress went out of the manuscript business until August, 1882, when it made an appropriation for the pur- chase of the Franklin collection from Henry Stevens of London. There are 974 volumes of these precious manuscripts. But this is no index to the number of them. Some of these volumes are folios of loosely-bound papers of varying size; some of them are quartos of heavy linen sheets on which the manuscripts are mounted. As far as possible, all of the manuscripts are being remounted and re- bound, but the progress of the work is slow. The department has not the facilities for carrying the work forward rapidly, and Congress will not make an adequate ap- propriation for it. What Should Be Done. This rebinding of the manuscripts is abso- lutely necessary to their preservation. Con- gress ought to make a distinct appropria- tion for the purpose and hurry the work forward. It should do more. It should make appropriations for the publication of all of these papers in printed form, so that it would not be necessary to consult the originals. Anyone who has a worthy object in consulting these papers can obtain an or- ler from the Secretary of State, which will sive him access to them. They are con- stantly being examined by historians and other writers. If there were printed copies to which those who sought informa- tion could be referred the thumbing of the originals would stop, and the wear and tear on_them would almost cease. Congress did make an appropriation some years ago for the publication of the diplo- matie correspondence of the revolutionary war. But, probably in an economic spirit, Congress provided that the correspondence should be “edited.” As a result a ‘eat deal was omitted because in the individual judgment of the editor it was not important enough for publication. A few days ago a gentleman came to the department libra- rian bewailing the fact that a convention with France, part of the revolutionary ree- » Was not to be had. It was an im- portant link in the chain of history. Mr. Allen said that he was quite sure that the jocument was in the department archives. He looked for it, and there it was. But the editor of the “Diplomatic Correspondence,” in his omnipotence, had thought this paper unnecessary to his compilation, which was a practical demonstration of the fact that the publication is not so valuable as it might be. Original Declaration of Independence Only a few weeks ago the original Decla- raticn of Independence was removed from the upright frame, in which it has been ex- hibited for many years in the State Depart- ment Ibrary, rolled up, put in a tin cylin- der and stored in the steel vault which stands on the north side of the library room. It has for companions the appeal to King George and the Constitution of the United States—two of the most important documents in the archives of the govern- ment. These documents are very seldom shown to any one. In fact, there are few applications to see them. ’ Comparatively few people know that the Constitution fs on file In the department, and so very few people make inquiries for it. A distin- suished visitor would have no difficulty in obtaining a view of it. Next to these docu- ments, perhaps the most important of the department archives are the originals of all the laws of Congress. With one excep- tion these laws are on parchment. The ex- ception was a revision of the general stat. utes made some years ago. It was so bulky that the clerks of Congress were appalled at the task of copying it, so by a special dispensation it was put in type at the gov- ernment printing office and a printed copy on paper was signed by the President. With the beginning of this Congress all laws have been printed, but they are now printed on parchment in large type. The sheets on which these laws were copied have been of uniform size since the beginning of the gov- ernment. They are bound in half morocco, with red backs, lettered in gold. The books are half a foot thick and the leaves are about three feet long by two feet wide. some laws are only twelve words long; some contain as many thousand words. Can Be Obtained. These volumes of the laws are kept in wooden cases among the gther department ~ecords in a room which communicates with the library. Any of the clerks of the Mbrary van have access to them, and if a clerk had any occasion to remove one of the volumes to another floor of the building he would ‘ind no objection. He would be required to ive a receipt for the volume and he wou'd »e held responsible for its safe return. The ‘sponsibility would not be small, for the locuments are absolutely unique; they could tot be replaced unless they were laws passe? n the time of Cleveland or Harrison. They ire handled at brief intervals, but no harm las come to them yet. They are an un- »roken record from the First Congress tc he Fifty-third. The parchment 1s as well oreserved and the handwriting as clear in che earlier as in the later laws. Of course, here are printed copies of these laws which we accepted in all the courts throughout ne United States; but two or three times a nonth come applications for certified copies ‘f one or another of them, to be used ir rials. This is the principal use to which ‘ese originals are put. The departmen: lerk does not turn to his printed copy of he statute He must take down the orig ial and copy and compare them before he -an certify in the name of the department you, and he can show you the signatures of all the Presidents fa the Vice Presi. vege a the ey States and the Speakers e House of Represe: made them “sed Pp! ‘ntatives which have ‘nother set of valuable documents in the possession of the State Department is the collection of treaties with many nations. And it is one of the prettiest showpleces, too. The State Department engrosses our copy of @ Joint treaty on plain, heavy pa- per of a light blue. No attempt at orna- mentation ts made; but the treaties of other nations are painted on satin, embroidered on silk, decorated with ribbons and gold lace, inclosed in boxes of rich woods adorned with precious metal and with Jewels. They make a very gorgeous array, and any one of the courteous clerks in the Mbrary can show them to you if he has time. Then there are letters from kings and queens, autograph letters sent to the Pres- ident of the United States, which are not among the souvenirs which a President takes with him when he goes out of office, but which belong to the government, are preserved by the State Department. The Most Valuable Archives. Sul the most @aluable of the depart- ment archives are the manuscript records of the continental congress and the manu- script letters of famous Americans. These are kept in the main room of the library behind glass doors. The safeguards that surround them are not very elaborate, con- sidering their immense value. But the li- brarian has no fear that they will be stolen or injured. The building is fire proof. The library is constantly watched during the day; at night the halls of the building are patrolled every half hour, and there are watchmen in constant attendance at the doors. Access to the documents is had nly by order of the Secretary of State, and you must give the Secretary a very excel- lent reason before you can obtain an order. Then while you examine the papers they must remain in the library room and under the eve of a custodian. liance which the librarian has for the safcty of his charge is in the ease with which any one of the manuscripts could be identlticd and tke diffculty a thief would ave in disposing of it. No one is permitted under any pretense to take the manuscripts from the State Department. Some of them were taken to the world’s fair and before their de- parture for Chicego two of them were taken to Philadelphia to be restored, but this was under a special order of the Secretary of State and the manuscripts were constantly under the eyes of the department people. When they went to Philadelphia their cu: todian was the foreman in charge of the work of restoring manuscripts, which has been going on at the department for three years. He was at one time foreman of the Philadelphia concern which did the spe- cial work of restoring the two volumes for exhibition at the world’s fair. The work done on these two volumes cost sev- eral hundred dollars. 1t was by a process known as “inlaying,” which ts quite be- yond the department experts. The two volumes selected for exhibition were a school copy book of George Washington, end the last entries which he made in his diary—the two extremes, his earliest and his latest writing. The sheets of the mauscript were of rather thin pa- per. The experts in Philadelphia took leaves of thick paper of a iniform size, drew on them the outlines of the manuscript leaves and then cut out all of the inclosed space except a very narrow margin. The thick paper around this open space was then split with a keen bnife to the depth of the frame. The edges of the manuscript page were fitted between the thin walls of this paper frame—“dow- eled,” to use the technical glued in place. Where the writing on the manuscript ran to the edge of the page, as it did in seme places, the frame was trimmed so as to obscure none of it. When all of the pages of manuscript had been set in these frames, the leaves were bound together in heavy Russia leather, lined with watered silk. The work was done so perfectly that, turning the pages of the re- stored book, you could hardly tell where the border of the frame began except by the dullness of the older paper. Restoring the Manuscripts, This ‘inlaying,” as I said, is quite be- yond the department people. The work- men who are doing the work of restoring now are four—two women and two men. They were not familiar with the work until the Philadephia concern sent its foreman and a force of workmen to Washington two years ago to begin the work for wiich at that time Congress had made a special appropriation. Some workme from the government printing office were called in as helpers and they are now the experts who are carrying on the work. They follow the original and amore expeditious form of restoration—by mounting the manuscripts on hinges on sheets of heavy paper. Many of the manuscripts are so old that they are falling to pieces. Wherever a hole appears, a piece of dull-colored paper as nearly as. possible of the yellowish tint of the manu- script is carefully pasted beneath. No at- tempt is made, however, to renew any lines which time or wear may have dimmed or obliterated. There is no Di Cesnola res- toration dohe on these papers. When a sheet has been strengthened and made whole, a narrow strip of linen is pasted along the edge. This piece of linen is the hinge. It is pasted along its other border to the sheet of linen paper—as heavy almost as bristol-board—which is to be a leaf of the bound book. The manuscript page fastened to this hinge can be examin- ed on either side. When a set of manu- scripts is mounted, the leaves are bound together to form a book. All of the work of restoring, mounting and binding is done in the State Depart- ment building—almost all of it in one room. It is paid for out of the appropriation for the department printing. Every safeguard surrounds the handling of these valuable documents. All of the pages of manuscripts in each collection are numbered serially without regard to their contents. Every scrap of paper with a line of writing has its number. Each book as it is given into the custody of the restorers is examined to see that no leaf is missing. As each is returnef to its place in the library from the binder, it is scanned again to see that nothing has been abstracted. Even an autograph clipped from one of these old letters would have its value. So far as de- partment records show, and the memories of department officers run, no offictal or clerk of the department has ever betrayed his trust, and the manuscripts are today as they were when they were added to the Ubrary collection. Reducing the Number of Volumes. The work of restoring is reducing the number of volumes of manuscript. The original collectors of these manuscripts put very few of them in each of the bindings. ‘The department is grouping them in thick quartos. The George Washington papers, now in 336 volumes, will probably not fill more than 50 when they have been re- mounted. The total number of manuscript volumes now in the department library is: Papers. Continental Congress. Washington . Jefferson . Franklin . Hamilton Madison Monroe . The Franklin papers hi en mounted by Stevens before they were offered to the government. The Madison and Monroe pa- pers have been restored in the department. if the librarian can get an adequate appro- pelation from Congress the work of restore ing the remaining manuscripts can be com. pleted in five or ten years. GEORGE GRANTHAM BAIN, Sa ee His Tom From the Indianapolis Journal. “I see you got another hired man,” said the man who had been away. “Yas,” said Mr. Haicede, “I hev. Bil, be died.” “Buried around hereabouts?” “Wal,” answered Mr. Haicede, wavirg his hand in a comprehensive way, “I guess he’s sorter plowed under around here. Tried to blow up some stumps an’ didn’t git out of the way quick enough.” Oss “My Reims Chasten Me.” Renal diseases, or diseases of the reins or kid- YS, are certainly among the most ancient known to the world. David, second king of Israel, con- fewses in the metic beauty of Mis Psalter to his ‘reins chastening him in the night season ‘oina,”” he says, “are filled with a sore disease Ztenal pain is constant and scarcely ever leaves the patient a moment of ense. The Carlsbad wudel Salt induces free and copious secretion, stimulates proper action, expels gravel, promotes liuresis and eliminates uric acid. This is a bless- ng which all should become nequainted with, and f you suspect rolschiof in this quarter, as indivat- "d by instinctive sonrations, at once enter upon a course of the Carlsbad Sprudel Salt and cheok- nate the development of a frightful malady (han which none present so many possibilities £ complications, Be sure to obtain the gem Yener & Mendelson Co., Sole Agents, 152 and 154 Vranklin st. New York. But the chief re- | term—and | RAILROADS. PENNSYLVANIA PAJROAD. STATION CORNER OF 6TH AND B STREETS. In EBftect ad ea “Tintin. — Pumas ing Observation Cars ‘Herrisbure te “useage, ML FAST “LINE -For Pittsburg, Parlor Pittsborg. . CHICAGO AND ST. LOUIS EXPRESS Buffet Parlor Car to Harrisburg. and Dining pnt Cinei 11:05 A. Cars to 3:15 PLM. ing ih a Be 4 4 for ai and, Niagara Palle daily, except ae. . Car Washington Elmira, and Saturdaye only Wi 9 Washington to Roch- YOR PHILADELPHIA, NEW YORK AND THE East. 4:00 P.M. “CONGRESSIONAL LIMITED,” all Pare Jor Cars, with e Cat thom Baltimore, 30° lade! week days. Car) and — = 2:30 Diving P.M. On Sanday, t ally oe, Seek Line, 7:20 A.M. and 4:36 P.M. cept Sunday. = tiuapals, 73.00 apd 31-20 AM. a 4:90 pa » Bunéays, 9:00 ADL daily, Fa iy, ,ereeot ‘Sunday. Atlantic Coast Line ville. St. Augustine ai M. daly. Fiorida Richmond and A only, 10:5 econ moda t) 4:25 PML. weeks an, 2 Leave ‘Aiexatdria tor Wan 9:10, 10:15, 41: PM. Ticket offices, port Pennsylvania avenne sant Commer of 131 renne Strects, wheve orders ‘can be fete ae the otha trom hotels and ‘rest 2 i. RB mediate stath the Norfolk and gud at Manassas for . 11:01 a.m. THE GREAT sov MAIL.—Datiy, operates Pullman eter Bu re New York and Washi over the NEW SHORT LINE via Columbia to Savannah and St. Augustine, puiting at Dunville with the Pullman Sleeper. for Gherleston via Coluwbia and at Greeusvore with Pegi’ for Aususta, also carries Pullman ret onmecign W"made™ tee Autttineantes ga Tect connection gemery and New 4:45, pm.—Daily for Chatibttesville and mediate stattons. aad ireugh tala, tot Royal and Strastn 2 10:43 "pn. —WASHINGHOS AND ROUTH WEST. ERX NESTIBULED LIMITED, “commsed entirely | of Pulloan Vestibuled Siecpers and Dining Care, Tune over the NEW SHORT LINE via Columbia t® Augusta, Savannah, cksonville Tapa. ing car, Charlotte’ to Jacksonville, aie — Fumes Sleeper New “York to New Orlesss vis janta and Mom y, New ¥, ag ew York to Asheville Wash M. ia hulugton "to empl vis KINGTON AND OHIO DIVIS- Kton Birminguas. ON WASE! ‘© Wash | daily, for Round | day, “for Herndon and | turning, arrive Washingt: | daily, from Round Ail, and 6:38 a.m., Suplay, from Herpdos only. ae ‘rains from the south arrive ma. anas- sas Division 8:40 on. anys A im. @aily frow Chariottesvilie, ces, Mecoing Car reservations and information Sil and 1300 Pe ivrania : i BALTIMORE AND OHIO RaiLROAD. SCHEDULE IN EFFECT NOV. 1s, 1898, Leave Washington from station corner of New For Culcage and) Soctincent Nectinet Limitea cago ‘orthwest, Vest express trains 11:30 a.m., 8:15 p.m ‘or Cincinnati, St.” Louis Vestibuled Limited “8:30 p. night £125. for Pittsburg am. and S:40 For Lexington aud Staunton, 11:30 a.m. For Winchester and Way Stations, 5:30 For Luray, Natural Bri | Chattanooga, Memphis dally; Slee; Cars ub For Luray, 9:30 p.m. daly. For Baliimoce, week days, 23:35, 5:00, 6:35, 3 (8:00, 45 minutes), , 5:30," 2-30 (10:00, minutes) ain, 112300, 512203, 12:15, 2-15. 2%, 24-28, 4:31," 25:00," 35-30, O0, S213, 29:00, a¥:50, x11 :30 Sundays, 13:35 (8:00, 45 minutes), x! am. ery ey an =. Bw, 2, ASL, 25:00, 6:80, “xB:00, a8 y x11:30, 11285 pam, 1 and $:30 a.m., 12:15 and 4:28 ; oe oP om Oa pe For Frederik, 11:30 am, Y:15, 14:30, 15:30 apd Tio» mm. For Hagerstown, 111:30 a, For Mord aud way points, sen deine. Por Guithersburg ts, 36 : ou am 12, was, feign” oe! SPs B40, 211-90 paw. For Wasiiugton Junction and way points, *10:00 am, 11:15 p.m. cipal stations ouly, 4-30, "5 ROYAL BLUE LINE FOR NEW ADELPITA, For Philadelphia, New ¥, Cary (1220 Dining Car, B00. Dining ae tar), 12:00 Dial , 3:00 Bx Oy S00" (11:30 pam. “Hheeping “Gir,” Spen at 10:0 o'clock) Buffet Parlor Cars on all day trains. For Atlaatte City, 10:00 a.m. and 12:00 noon Sundays, 12:00 noon, ‘except Sunday. ‘Daily. Sunday only. Express trains. Baggage called for and checked from hotels and residences by Union Transfer Oo. on orders left ut Raa“ e ss ee = a m. i. CHESAPEAKE AND OHIO RalLWayY. Schedule in effect November 30, 1898. Trains leave daily from Union station (B. and P., 6th and B sts. Through the grandest scenery in America with the bandsomest and most complete solid train serv- ice west fiom Washington. 2:00 P.M. DAILY—"‘Cincimnati and St. Louis Special”—Solid Vestibuled, Newly Equipped, Elec- tric-lighted, Steam-heated’ Train. Pullman's Snest “ars Washington to Cincinnatl, Indian- . Louls without change. Dining car ville serving breakfast. Arrives Cincin- ¢ Indianapole, 11:30 a.m., and Cnt- St. Louis, 7:30 p.m. -M. DAILY—The famous “F. F. ¥. Lim. tted.”” A solid vestibuled train with dining car and Pullman sleepers for Cincinnati, Lexington and Louisville, without change; arri Cincinnati 6:30 p.in.; Lexington, 6:10 p.m. tsviile, 9:50 .; Indianapolis, 11:20 p.m.; Chicago. 7:30 a.m., t. Louls, 7:45 a.am., commecting in Union depot 1 points. 10:57 KR eee Olé Point Comfort amy Norfolk. Only rail line. 20), PM DAILY “Express for, Gordons mvt | Charlottesville, Waynesboro", Staunton wi 4 | pal Virginia points; dafly, except Sunday, for Rich- mond. Pullman locations and tickets at _company's ef ria avenue fices, G18 and 1421 Peazeyivaria avenue: | nn General Pessencer Agent. POTOMAC RIVER BOATS. —— eS SSS NEW PALACE STEAMER HARRY RANDALL Leaves liver View wharf, 1th street, Sunday Tucsday and Thureday at 7 a.m. Landing at alh wharves as far down as Maddox creek, Keturning on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fr 3 pm. Pat Scnger ‘accommodations, Gret class, Freight received Fa REED © OOF E. 8. RANDALL, apolis ard ts., Alex. Prop. & Mam 0, 0. CARPINTER, Gen. “agte fe19-tf Washington, D.0. STEAMER MATTANO re Mattox Creek and intermediate landings oe Ten useet wharf every SUNDAY, ‘TUES DAY aud THURSDAY at 7 o'clock ain.’ Pas- enger and freight rates lowest. bor in- formation apply G. L. SHERIFF, Cool Omer, Pa. ave. Bw. fel6-3m yASHINGTON STEAMBOAT ©O., “LIMITED,” ee From 7th st. ferry wharf. Steamer Waketicid on MUNDAYS. WEDNES. DAYS and SATURDAYS at 7 @.m..\ for Nomink creck, Leonardtown and St. Clement's bay and in- termediate —e Returning TUESD. AS, THURSDAYS and SUNDAYS. ee ectodule.) ow. 430-tf Gen’l Manager, NORFOLK AND WASHINGTON STEAMBOAT Co, AILY LINE BETWEEN WASHINGTON, D. —_ FORTRESS MONROE and wise NOKPOLK. Va. ‘The new and powerful Iron Palace Steamers, WASHINGTON AND NORPOLK-SOUTH BouNn, Leave ™. from foot of hington dally at bo Tth st. wharf. arrive at Fortress Monroe at 6: m. mext day. Arrive at Norfolk at 7:30 where reflroad connections are made for ali south and southwest. NORTH BOUND. Leave Norfolk daily at 6:10 p.m. Monroe at 7:10 p.m. Arrive at 6:20 a.m. next day. Wastington "ah