Evening Star Newspaper, May 18, 1893, Page 11

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D. C., THURSDAY, MAY 18, 1893-SIXTEEN PAGES. Tl THE POLICY OF CHINA. It is Not Believed to Be Definitely Formulated Yet. RIPE FOR RETALIATION, But That May Not Be All That It Will In- clude—The Visit of the Chinese Minister to Secretary Gresham Thought to Be in the Interest of Peace. ——— The Chinese minister's visit to Secretary Gresham yesterday afternoon is fraught with Significance to the future relations of the United States and China. When asked about it Secretary Gresham said. with evident satisfac- tion, “We bad » very pleasant talk.” And that Was all he would say on the subject. From an- other source, however, it was learned that the Chinese minister had assured him that he would use his best offices “to quiet things in China.” Putting these things together, persons who are close observers of the Chinese problem argue that it is evident that the administration is op- Posed to the Chinese exclusion act and will en- deavor to secure its repealand that the Chinese minister, upon receiving official assurances to this effect, has promised to do his utmost to Prevent hasty and inconsiderate action of are tatiatory nature on the part of his government Until the question of providing either for the | repeal or enforcement of the Geary law shall have been determined by the American Con- gress, RIPE FOR RETALIATION. There is no question in regard to the feeling of the Chinese government in this matter. Abundant evidence is at hand to prove that itis ripe for retaliation and is officially confirmed in the minister's promise “to quiet matters in China’ if possible. The sentiment of the Chinese powers on the present situation is clearly expressed by Rev. Dr. F. J. Masters,super- intendent of the Methodist Episcopal missions on the Pacific coast, in a recent interview as to the effect of the enforcement of the Geary law. He said: “I don’t know what the effect of the law is going to be, but it will mean a black day for American missionaries and American com- merce. We have broken our treaty obligations which we solemnly assumed with China. We Bave broken faith with a heathen people to whom we ate sending missionaries of the Church of Jesus Christ. We can't expect China to treat our people with consideration when we treat theirs like dogs. China will not make war on this country, but she may do one of two | things: She may give the American missionaries in her dominion, who number more than 600, twenty-four hours in which to leave her do- wains, with passports to cerry them safely over the border. or she may make life so unpleasant 4m China for Americans that they cannot live there. She may cancel our extra territorial nights which we now possess, which permit an American subject to be tried for any offense only before an American consul. “It is my belief that China will withdraw these peculiar rights which we now eujoy. ‘Ther: we will have no opportunity to secure compensation or damages for any wrong which the Chinese may indict upon us. FORMULATING & POLICY. In spite of the reticence of the Chinese min- fater, it is believed by many that China 1s rap- idly formulating a policy to meet the present exigency. Retaliation, it is thought, is only « part of this pulicy. "Indeed, it is’ doubted whether China will mtke eny attempt to offset the threateued deportation of a hundred thou- sand of her subjects by the expulsion from China of less than a thousand Americans, most of whom are missionaries, whose presence is tolerated chiefty because they teach the Chinese the English language, and thus improve their chances of success in business undertakings which they may enter npon after emigrating to the United States. The policy which shrewd diplomats believe the Chinese government is ready to adopt wax foreshatowed in a diplo- matic note to Secretary Blaine, written by ui Kwo Yin, the predecessor of the present Chinese minister in Washington. It is a policy of reclamation and damages, and its conten- tions are based upon decisions of the United States Suprems Court and upon the broad principles laid down by the best-known Ameri- can publiciata, In that letter the Chinese minister, after pointing out the untenable position of this country on the subject of Chinese immigration, A QUESTION OF PAMAGES. “Ihave shown you how the legislation of your Congress, which is considered by the Su- preme Court to be in violation of the treaties, has impaired or destroyed the rights and prop- erty interests of the classes of Clinese laborers described, as weil of Chinese subjects entitled to free transit through the United siates and of Chinese merchants obstructed m their business and denied the privileges extended to those of other nations. Iabstuin for the present from resenting any formal estimate of damages and Tosees sustained by the above classes of subjects through the legislative infringement of the treaty. I shali await your reply to this and the previons notes of this legation in the hope that even yet a method may be found of undoing the wrongful legislation and restoring to their treaty rights the Chinese subjects now in or entitled to come in through the United States.”” Secretary Blaine made a brief and evasive reply to this note and the questions under negotiation are still unset?! A LETTER FROM THE CHINESZ MINISTER. In a letter to Secretary Foster in November last, in regard to the Geary law, the Chinese minister said: The provisions of the act of May 5, 182, I am informed, contravene the Constitution of the United States; it is ad-| mitted they violate the treaties between China and the United States. Grave questions as to the constitutionality of the act will arise, there- fore, for consideration, but inasmuch as these are questions to be presented to another and co-ordinate branch of your government, J shall not discuss them in this communication, and this reference is made to the subject for the purpose of leading up to the presentation of en important departure in the legislation of the Congress of the United States. This departure is found in seetion 6 of the act’ The crime de- fined im this section and the punishment pre- seribed are plainly ex post facto, notwithstand- ing the law has been ingeniously framed with the intention of avoiding its repugnance to the Constitution. Bat I desire to direct attention more especially to the fact that the Congress bas prescribed as a punishment for the non- compliance with the law what is equivalent to banishment from the United States to emphasize the fact that this punishment is epplicable only to my countrymen. It was surprising to the imperial government to find engrafted in the law of the United States any sach penalty, especially so when it has been proclaimed throughout the world for over 100 years that the United States was an asylum for ‘the people of all the nations of the earth. ASTEP BACKWARD. In my surprise I naturally exclaim is this a step backward from progress, civilization, freedom ard liberty? I cannot find words to express my regret or the regret of the imperial ernment at the enactment of such a law, which is applied solely and personally to the Chinese. a large majority of whom are un- questionably lawfully within the United States, engaged in the legitimate pursuits of lif. qutitled to the protection of tie Consti end laws, instead of the imposition of such wnishment as it is attempted to inflict. upon Bem by the last Congrewe,and. the surprise past be greatly enhanced when it is considered that such cbnotioas and unenlightened pun- febment is an unwelcome salute from one friendly and favored nation to another, which Bes at all times and under ail circumstances wade amity, honesty of intentions and pur- es and the sacred preservation of its treaty stipulations the cbief obj with the United States government. For these weavons, and others heretofore adduced, the @tatute of 1592 is a violation of every principle itr. reason and fair dealing vb: 2 two friendly powers, and its enforcemen aid not only b ehould be ed oF so alter ae ‘oantrymen of the full prot of their rights imraunities, in the same = th e privileges are secured to the geople of other favored nations wh are m any withis er res d State the bo: aries of the GESTION OF REPEAL. © with what has already been I would most respectfully suggest that the two nations might be relieved of the pend- utw which are the immediate so frequently referrec al of the objectionable | provi ns of ct of May 189 . or such | Bieration of the «ame as will protect my coun- term heir vested personal and property fuhts in the United States, they may qoutiz free from $e threate alties, wrongs and the de- qwation of such rights and privileges. ‘ip consideration, therefore, of the past nd I wish | ct in its relations | friendship between the respective nations, and in the hope of preserving the same and uniting them more firmly therein, I again communicate to you the res; Tequest of the imperial government, that the matters which form the basis of this and my former notes may receive your early attention, and that the views and in- tentions of your government may be elicited and made known to me in an “ample and for- mal manner.” WILL RETURN THE MONEY. Loeal Directors of the World’s Falr Come to a Decision. The directors of the world’s Columbian ex- position decided on Tuesday to abrogate their contract with Congress by which they bound themselves to close the fair on Sunday in con- fideration of an appropriation of $2,500,000. ‘The money will be returned to the govern- ment and hereafter the fair will be opened Sundays. This course wus decided on at a special meeting of the directory Tuesday afternoon. Most of the directors were disentisfied with the plan adopted at their last meeting by which | it was proposed to open the grounds Sundays, | while loatog all buildings containing exhibits. | Tuesday's action was practically unanimous, | bat two directors out of thirty-six voting | against the proposition. ‘By the terms of the resolution adopted | Tuesday the machinery will be closed down | on Sunday, but in every other respect the fair will be open in all departments the same as on | secular days. Bat $1,929,120 of the appropriation origin- ally made by’ Congress has been turned over to the exposition company, and this amount | is to be returned to the national treasury | after the debts of the exposition have been A rule embodying these points will be sub- mitted to the national committee for ap- proval. What action this body will take is problematical, as a mere working quorum of the members is at present in the city. In any event the evident purpose of the local directors is to open the fuir Sundays, even at the expense of a rupture with the national body. The price of admission on Sunday is fifty conts, the same as charged during the week. | Sabbatarians are disarmed of their most ef- | fective arguments against a seven daye’ fair | by several clauses in the rule adopted Tuesday. | One of these provides for holding religious | services at the park oneach Sunday in Choral | and Festival halls.* Eminent preachers will be | invited to lead tho services’ Choral halle about 7,000 persons and Music hall perhaps | 2.500. More important, howerer, than this condi- | tion are those relating to the operation of machinery and the working of employes on Sunday. “The rele declares that the machinery | shall be stopped and that no employes except those actually needed to protect the property | and to preserve the pubiic pence shall do any work on Sunday, and that those employes who | work on that day shall be given a day of rest during the week. 06 ONLY A GINGHAM GOWN. Bat It Makes # Very Becoming Costume for a Stylish Woman. Do not sneer at it, monsieur, as “nothing but cotton.” No need to caution madame—she al- Teady knows the cost of “the lovely thing.” To begin with, the stuff cost 50 cents a yard—very moderate, to be sure; but what with cross-cut- ting and the double skirt revers and so on, twenty-five yards was not an extravagant pat- tern. Then, of course, madame would not wear a cotton gown that was not entirely chic, and her modiste is one of those dear despots who | put scissors in nothing under §25, and for a confection like this, where the style has to be manufactured, could not reconcile it to her conscience to say less than €40. Then there is braid and the bits of ribbon that give the last elegant touches. Assurediy tho gown, as mad- ame stands in it, comes well up to $100—a “simple little thing, just fit for lounging in the hammock or walking through country lanes,” ! ONLY A GINGHAM GowN, It is one of the delightful now broken plaids that come in all colors. The model was black and white and parple broken up with narrow | lines of bright bine and Indian red. The vest was of shot silix—blue and purple—with an ef- fect like the blooms on grapes or damson plums. ‘The tri-color hat of bias straw had black osprey feathers with wings and rosettes of the same shot silk. The parasol was also blue and pur- | ple with a great eluster of loops, black, blue | and purple, lined with red at the top and about | the Handle.” And madame looked wonderfully | fetching, even for the price. A clever woman—though most American | women are clever—can by use of her eyes, her | hands, her wits, her innate faculty of finding | out becoming bargains, make herself an outfit | for less than $20, in which she will be no whit | lesa stylish and every bit as charming as this | ily of the field who toils not neither does she Very good Scotch ginghams come as low as | 2H ceuts the yard. With care and skill in the cutting fifteen yards isan ample pattern, even when matching the plaids is allowed for. Five yards of silk will do excellently well. An um- brellacan be got for $3. and with a bit of millmer’s knack’ in your finger tips what re- mains will supply your hat aud leave enough over for the dark blue gloves of glace kid. ~se0 William II Loved Student Duels. From the London Daily News. From a sketch given by Amedee Pigeon in | the Revue Contemporaine of his old pupil. tho German emperor, our Paris cocrespondent sends us the following: “The emperor when at Bonn was passionately fond of witnessing the duels of his fellow-students, and sometimes took his French tutor with him. He used to hurry through bis breakfast to pass an hour or 80, pale, nervous looking and keenly attentive, watching the glancing of swords aud the siashes given to noses and cheeks. He noticed every | shade of emotion betrayed or shown by the | combatants, praising the pinck, the address, the coolness of some and blaming the hesitanc | or rashness or foolhardiness of others. The | emperor was particular!y pleased when the du- clists and those present had to do | and eueceeded. He was fond of «! | ing and boating, and did all weil, arm notwithstan Tnival at Bonn he accepted an in nto appear wearing a fool's cap which the festal committee sent hima, | and joined in the freaks of the maskers, = Not Indorsed by Senator Sherman, Senator John Sherman denies the report that he had mdorsed as sound the plan of | banking adopted by Zimri Dwiggins, president of the Columbia Bank of Chicago, which failed last week, causing the failure of numerous other banks in Indiana and Illinois in which Dwiggins was interested. In a published inter- view Dwiggins said he had once submitted the | piss of banking te ter had pronounced it sound. Senator Sherman said that Dwiggins’ state Ment was a lie out of the whole cloth. “I never | heard of this man Dwiggins until I read in the | rs he had failed.” said the Senator. absolutely nothing of bis business methods except what I have read in the since his failure. He has never bad Jence with me about banking.” — ooo Additional Train to New York via Royal | Blue Line. __ The Baltimore and Ohio railroad has placed in se ditional train to New York, leaving Washington at 8 p.m. and arriving at |New York at 320 am. This tram carries a| through Pullman sleeping car to New York and | a parlor car io Philadelphia. where an addi- | tional siecepimg car ia attached. Passengers may remain in sleeping car undisturbed until silk for lining, more silk for trimming, and | TREES OF OUK STREETS. Some Ideas About Them From Park Com- missioner Saunders. ‘TREES GET OUT IN WASHINGTON WOULD FORM A VAST FOREST—INFLUENCES WHICH INJURE THEM—THE CONFINEMENT OF THE ROOTS— INJUDICIOUS PRUNING AND ITS EFFECTS. 6¢]F ALL THE TREES SET OUT IN THIS city during the past twenty years were placed twenty-five foot apart they would form & solid block of forest covering more than 1,200 acres,” said Park Commissioner Seanders yesterday. “These trees are set outas nurslings and have tobe brought to adultage by the exercise of pradent care. I myself cousider that too much proning is done to them. In many instances they are hacked and spoiled by injudicious ef- forts to improve their appearance and contour. ‘The worst treatment they receive is in the out- ting off of their tops, which is termed “‘head- ing down.” This kind of butchory is too preva- lent, notwithstanding the palpable evils result- ing from it. It is a heavy blow to the vitality of the tree and greatly mars its beauty and use- fulness for all time. A tree thus practiced upon never can grow to be what it would have been had it not been subjected to the operation, which, among other injuries, has a bad effect on the roots. able subject, yet it submits admirably to manip- ulation by pruning. Even large and old speci- mens may have all their branches cut off close to the main stem, and in a few years they will show perfect columns of verdure. The horse chestnut is heavy folinged and massive tree, forming a dense siade. “Ttsurpasses most other trees in the beauty of its early summer verdure and in its superb clusters of flowers, which are succeeded by large and conspicuous seed pods. This latter point is not jeularly to bo favored in a street tree, for it is found that, where either flowers or ‘seed vessels are very conspicuous, they are likely to be pulled at and destroyed. “The ‘ginkgo’ is an interesting tree and one well adapted to narrow streets. It is pyramidal im growth and kas aover. been knows to bo in- red by cater or insects of any kind. ‘odd formation of its leaves and its peculiar fleshy fruits are of interest. The avenue lead- ing up to the main entrance of the Department of Agriculture runs between two lines of these trees, Some of the oake aro well euited for street trees. It is generally supposed that oaks grow slowly, but the fact is that many of them grow very rapidly. Sage A SWAGGER GOWN. The Proper Kind of Costumes for Wear While Traveling. ‘The summer is certainly close at band what- evor Old Probabilities may show to the contrary. For all the shops and all the dressmakers are turning out scores of traveling gowns, wherein my lady and her sisters and her cousins and SILVER MAPLE (SEVER PRUSED). “Trees planted in streets are subjected to many influences tending to render them un- healthy. The roots, confined under pave- ments of brick or concrete, suffer either from want of water or from too much of it in cases where the drainage is bad. The branches suffer by being exposed to the reflected heat from buildings. Such causes weaken the vital- ity of the plants and bring about conditions favorable to. attacks by insects, When for these or other reasons trees get into the condi- tion technically known as “stunted,” they quickly become the prey to scale insects or Dark lice, which, if not disturbed, will cover all parts of the ‘tree and ultimately cause its death. “To exhibit what I mean by tho evils of ex- cessive praning 1 will show you two photo- | graphs of trees of the same variety and about the same age in the city of Washington. One | of them has never been touched with the knife, while the other bas been subjected to what is |termed improvement by artifice. You can take your choice and decide which is the sort of tree you admire. TREES AND OAS PIPES. “There is a loss of life among trees where gas pipes are laid near their roots. Esenping gas permeates the soil and destroys the roots. It is not possible to prevent this always, When a case of it is detected it can be promptly reme- died. Unfortunately, it 1 seldom discovered until the damage has been done. The earth is well saturated with gas before the fact has been found out, and it 18 then too late. ‘The best that can be done is to remove the soll, replac- ing it with fresh material, and plant ‘another tree, This mar not always’ prove successful at first, as it is a difficult matter to take away all of the poisoned earth, and sometimes several removals are required before a healthy growth is secured. Gas-poisoned soil is the ‘unsus- pected cause of mauy denths among trees in cities, “In cities where street-planting is prosecuted systematically tree nursery should be estab- lished. ‘Thus the kinds of trees required will always be ou band and in the best condition for setting out. Most of the trees are casily and quickly propagated from teed, which is not difficult to procure. The young piants should be removed from the xeed-rows when they aro from one to three years old and from eighteen inches to three fect in height. They are then set ont in rows, where, with a few exceptions, they may remain until needed for their perme- nent stations, “A common mistake in tree planting is that of placing the trees too close together. ‘Those of the Ia zest size—such as lindens, elms, aye mores and silver maples—ehould be forty-five feet apart. Thirty-firo feet is quite close enough for any trees in a street. this allows each tree room for expansion and avoids tho evils of too great density of folixge and total exclusion of sun rays—ovils which are apt to develop into nuisances, depriving dwellings of the wunitary influences of air and light. mach shade is worse than none at all. “Among the qualities required for a street tree aro a compact stateliness and symmetry of general form and outline. an ample supply of foliage, of early spring verdure: healthinews. #0 far as being exempt from disease, and able to Withstand the disadvantages of plant life in the city, and, finally, freedom from attacks of insects ‘and from fading flowers, An ideal street tree shon'd bear removai and transplant- ing without mach dificulty. It should be of Vigorous but notexeessive growth. A tree of very rapid growth is usually short-lived. GooD TREES YOR THE STREET. “It is hardly possible to select any one tree which possesses all of these qualifications, but it is practicable to chooso among a number of species which approach nearly to such perfec- tion. Among them J should put firet the silver SILVER MAPLE (SEVERELY PaUNED). her aunts may go to Chicago, the mountains, the seaside. Never indeed was thero a greater preparation of going-about gear. Much of it is wholly hideous. But now and again you cross a costume that covers a multi- tude of sins, For instance, such a one as is here iilustrated—which will be seen shortly on a bth avenue belle when she starts about tho Ist of June with a party of special car tourists, It is wholly and intensely Parisian, The stuff is a rough red wool, very soft and fine. Tho full skirt—not too full—has four bands of heavy black silk braid gimp woven and ex- tremely lustrous. They are in graduated widths—and a truly novel tonch is given by putting the narrowest of them at the bottom, the widest on top. The same style prevails in the trimming of the double pelerine falling over the shoulders. ‘Tho waist is also finished with a row of braid. A hat of reddish brown straw trimmed with three Alsatian bows—one gray, one green, one the color of the gown itself, was sont’ home with the frock—and, along with a pair of giace gloves in six button length of the sme red-brown shade, completes a traveling costume which hits the golden mean between tailor, made soverity and over orna- mentation, ‘That same fortunate young woman owns one of the adorable new traveling cloaks in pale tan box cloth, made with a deep detachable cape that is lied with silks, whose soft plaids repeat all the colors of her costume. Of courre, it is worn only in stress of weather—as when, for example. the winds of Lake Michigan visit her too roughly; before the party goos_on later to Alaska, when she stands in ono of its mountain meadows, breast high with flowers, though enow lies white and thick in the shade aud still SWAGOER TRAVELING Gows. hoods in white the everlasting hills. For wear in!New Mexico, whither also the party will journev, there are all sorts of blouses to replace the stiff waists when the hot winds blow and the grasshopper becometh a burden. They are of silk and light weight serge, even softer and more uncrushable. ‘They have full soft fronts and very deep cuffs as well ax turned-down col lars, embroidered or braided, or overlaid with Ince. And for the big cities in between, whore my lady hns already all sorts of social ‘obliga tions, there are gowns gnlore, ench worth half column of description. Ono blue silk hax an immensely full skirt, perfectly plain, with a bodice of blue cloth, richly embroidered with emeralds. ‘The belt is of emerald velvet ribbon. It fastens with a buckle of old Wedgwood wa: set in a thin rim of gold. It isas big as your palm, and two long ends fall from it almost to the edge of the ekirt. ————+e+—___ THE UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE. It Will Be the English—The Question Al- ready Settled, Says a German Authority. From the Philadelphia Public Leder and Daily ‘Transertpt. ‘The Germans not only look upon their lan- guage as an integral and essential part of the national life, but the more cultivated classes revers it with an almost idolatrous veneration. Notwithstanding the difficulties presented by its indistinct and crabbed type, its intricate and half illegible script, its arbitrary genders, its highly artificial inflectional system, and its illogical syntax, its study is extolled not only asa means of mental culture and discipline, but asan impulse to originality of thought and ox- pression. These facta render all the more note- worthy the leading article in the April nutaber, just issued, of Prof. Hans Delbruck’s ‘Preus- ¢ Jarbucher,” perhaps tie most prominent of German literary reviews. It is from the pen of Dr. A. Schroer. professor of philology at the University of Freiburg, and its subject ix the importance of introducing into the schools the study of a universal language (Weltsprache). The writer begins by condemning all at- tempts, however scientific, to construct an artificial language, like Volapuk. No Innguage which possesses neither liternture, historical development nor linguistic relations can ever serve asa medinm of ge: communication, for the reason that no one will take the trouble to acquire it, merely as a “tool of trade,” until it becomes Universal; therefore it uever can become universal. ‘th attempta, however, are not only idle and aimless, because they can never obtain the general consent of mankind, but they are useless, for, eays Prof. there exists already a universal language, i. e., a language which, by its spread over the whole eurth, and by the ease with which it may be learned, has already gained such a long step i advance that neither natural nor artificial means can deprive it of its assured position as the future medium of international intercourse. Aud this language is the Engli It is interesting tc find this fact acknowl- edged and promulgated Ly one of the foremost of German periodicals. “During the present evutury the English-speaking population of the ‘orld has increased fivefold—from possibly 000,000 at its commencement to at least 125,000,000 at its close. No other language has ever been so rapidly developed. No fact in civil history is more significant than thi. In all quarters of the world the English language maple, which is about the best city tree to be | found. It asily propagated and seeds sown | in June will furnish plants three or four feet in height the same sea They are easily trans- planted and their growth ix rapid. They are [of upright habit unless thrown out of toate | normal shape by injudicious pruning, which often happens. | “The sugar maple is the most beantiful of all | finest of ali trees. It ix of a fine symmetrical | contour and has at ali times a stately graceful ness which is greatly enbanced by its peculia ity of supporting # m on a compara | tively slender stem. Fi and density of | foliage from early spring to late summer, and for the great variety of briiliant tints of the | ripened leaves of autumn, few trees can equal it. | The American linden is of a robust and lofty spreading growth. It is well fitted for theerabel- iisbment of wide streets or avenues, where it can eample room. ‘The tulip tree is also well japted for cities. Among its admired features are the unique form of its leaves, their vivid green in spring, their beautiful yellow coloring in the autumn and the tulip-like formation of its flowers. “The sycamore ranks among the trees of largest growth. Although, in the rich bottom | 7:30 a.m. —Advt. lands, where it finds its natural habitat, it ap- pears as an uncouth and seemingly uncontroll- is the conquering tongue. ‘The wide spread of the English colonial syatem, the marvelous growth of the United States and the facility with which it absorbs every foreign element bear witness to this great fact. Therefore Prof, Schroer advocates. making the study of tho English obligatory, not necessarily to the exclusion of Latin and Greck, but at least in conjunction with them. “This, he, “is not a question of taste or of rivalty between Senator Sherman and the our maples, and, it may be said, one of the | the ‘moderns’ and the ‘ancients,’ It is simply 4 historical necessity. Prof. Schroer is careful to warn his readers not to set their aim too high, for to learn to speak and write fluently and correctly a lan= guage which holds *o high a place in the scale of culture and refinement as the English ia “monstrously difficult,” but for the average man this is not necessary, for even the average Englishman has but a limited command of hia mother tongue, and the daily intercourse of life requires but a small and ensily acquired vocabulary. This is true of every language, but the absence of puzzling genders and in- flections and syntactical form renders the E glish easy, im comparison with others, nglish,” ‘concludes Prof. Schroer, “is the world speech, and will, to ail appearance, be- come more and more #0 every year. —____ jatt’s Chlorides, the Disinfectant, AVOID THE MAN WHO KEEPS HENS. He is Apt to Be » Bore and Make Trouble for His Neighbors. 66IJ\HE MAN WHO SITS AT THE DESK next to mine keeps hens,” said a treasury employe yesterday. “Did you ever know a Person who had newly gone into the business of farming chickeps? Well, you're in luck. Such a fellow can't talk of anything else. It doesn’t matter whether he has a big flock or only balf a dozen pullets anda rooster, it be- comes a first-class hobby immediately and noth- ing else is worth talking about from his point of view. Every now and then my side partner looks up from his work, scratches his car with his pen and asks me if I am acquainted with this or that fact about fowls. All this morni he was very gloomy and for some time f couldn't make out what was the matter with im, “Finally, I found ont that he had lost a chick over night —one of a brood of eleven, and only four days old. If I bad ventured to sym) thize T'think he would have shed tears. He showed me a sheet of paper covered over with figures relating to his bereavement. He said that it represented a loss to hrm of 600 eggs, because every hen was born with that number of oggs in her body, and he was confident that this particalar one’ was a pullet. She would have been laying by next winter, when eggs will cost forty-five cents a dozen in the market. But, supposing that those fifty dozen eggs only represented an average selling value of twenty- five cents a dozen, he was out $12.50 at the least calculation by the death of that unfortu nate chick, His salary being only @1,200 a year, 100 such losses would be as bad as depri- vation of his official income. “That was his argument. He brightened up when I suggested that a frosh egg cost only 2 cents now, and that only 100 degrecs of heat and twenty-one days of proverbially cheap hen- time would transform it into a chicken contain- ing all the fature possibilities to which he had referred. He owned that the samo idea had occurred to him, and added that h- bad already formed a plan for purchasing an incubator. Hens will not always set, and the owner cannot call an extra session any time that he wants to, like President Cleveland. But_ the incubator never gots tired of transforming 2-cent eggs into chickens with a potential value of €12.50 each. “My side partner corrected me this morning when I carolessly used tho expression, ‘As sure as eggs is eggs.’ He says that eggs are not al- ways eggs: sometimes they are chickens when you buy them in the market. However, there is no mistake about his eggs. Each one of them is dated with a lead pencil when it is gathered, so that the consumer on cracking the shell knows exactiy how ancient is the animal pro- duct which he is about to gobble. Itis true that on one occasion an egg that I purchased from him marked only forty-eight hours old proved to be rotten; but he explained it by the statement that a nest egg mast have been ab- stracted by mistake. I had wondered that an ordinary egg should oxplode when chipped, but this theory accounted for it. “I suggested to him that he should date his nest eggs after that, on devoting them to that purpose, or elze buy china ones—ao that the consumer might be sure not to chance upon a back number left over from the previous spring. He said that he wonld doit. At the same time these dated eggs, which I bought from him, used to get me into a great deal of trouble. ‘I found it difficult to remember to carry them home. They would linger in my desk day after day somehow. Finally, I would get them to my domicile and then’ my wife would examine the dates on them. They gave medead away. ‘Why did yon not fetch these home two weeks ago, James?” she would say to me. “My side partner used to bring tho eggs to the department always in a paper bag. ‘That sort of receptucle does very well for the pur- pose ordinarily, but one discovers now and then that it has disadvantages. On one occa- sion it happened that one of sixteen fresh eges which I was starting home with had got cracked in some way. I did not know it. But, allthe same, the moist albuminous insides gradually exuded and wet the bottom of the paper bag. ‘The first notice I got of the cir- cumstance was when the entire batch of eggs dropped through with one hideous slump upon the stone floor of the department corridor. I paid a messenger 50 ceuts for wiping up the mess. “Did you ever try to curry a paper bag full of eggs ina crowded street car? Of course, the cars always are crowded when it is time for me to go home. I discovered that the best way is to stand against the dashboard on the rear platform and extend the bag at arm's length tearward. Managed in any other way the eggs are likely to be crushed and to make an ex- omelette on the front of some gentle finally persuaded me to quit buying eggs from my hen-farming colleague. I remembér with inful distinctness tho night when 1 started omeward with a dozen fresh ones—the very last dozen—in the customary paper bag. I had been detained later than usuel at the depart- ment, owing to which fact I found plenty of room on the horse car. Putting the bag full of eggs on the vacant seat by my side I proceeded to peruse Tux Evening Star, An item of great interest was absorbing my attention at the moment when a tat man with a purple nose and dyed whiskers got aboard the conveyan Without noticing my bundle he sat upon it, Squash! Iturn sick when I recall the dismal occurrence, ‘aturally I felt angry because my eggs were smashed. I was disposed to expostulate. So was the fat man with the purple nose. On his rising, which he did immediately, the seat of his trousers wan observed to be saturated with a yellowish liquid which trickled slowly down to his boots. He demanded an apology. I re- lied that one was due from him tome. Why had he sat upon my eggy? The dispute became heated, No doubt there would have been a fight if the conductorbad not interfered. When [dropped off the car my adversary was being wiped off with newspapers, “My wife buys our eggs at the market no They may chirp occasionally when they are opened, but they give no further trouble.” Erastus Wiman’s Financial Condition, At the close of a conference between Erastus Wiman and Attorney A. B. Fletcher, the latter gentleman representing the majority of the stockholders, made the following statement: “Mr. Wiman figured cut with me this morning that his total debts amounted to come $600,000. Ha assets are, toa large extent. a matter of mere conjecture, as be owns propert h might be inade very valuable could hemer, in some cases haif carried through. be brought to perfection, For instance, he has a large amount of land on Staten Island which, as it atanda today, is worth perhaps not more than #300 an acre. He has figured on putting an electric road through the property, which would bring the value to say $3,000 an ucre. He has alngelectric plant half built in which he has sunk €200,000, but lua no more money. My cliente may put in $100,000 and finish his en- terprise, as they believe that the tailure is an honest one and that they can best help them- ecives by helping Mr. Wiman, The assignment is for the benefit of all the creditors, with no preferences.” — A Pipe Line. From Puck. Tarmer Henshaw—\Moving away, Jefferson’ Jefferson—"Yep; an’ if yo" missany mo’ chick- ons yo’ cain’t ‘cuse dis yere pusson ob takin’ um.” Jefferson (in his new home)—“Who'd have thunk dat yere stovepipe would ‘s’ held fou'teen chickens!” OUR ARMIES WERE MORAL. The Lack of Drinkin ging Surpri: G. A, Sala tn London Telegraph. Let it be, however, distinctly understood that in the field and in camp the Union army,which, as I have previously said, was eventually « mil- Jion strong, was, so far as the rank and file were concerned, wholly and completely a teetotal army. Not one drop of whisky, wine or beer was allowed to be sold at the canteens. Small quantities of whisky were from time to time smuggled in, and this contraband liquor was usually contained in sballow oblong flasks,made up to revemble Bibles and Testaments, with neat metallic clasps. It was the officers, however, and not the men, who as a rule were able to ob- tain these surreptitious supplies of bourbon; and [rember once reading in a Washington Paper a pathetic letter from one of the wearers of the sky-blue gabardines in which he a this great love for Scripture, ut objected to seeing a Testament stag- gering about with a pair of shoulder straps on—embroidered shoulder straps being the characteristic mark of cominissioned officer. The federal troops were able to dispense with strong drink owing to the amazingly good care which had been bestowed on their personal comfort by a body called the sanitary commission, of ‘which there were branches all over the north, and which were able to deal with immense sums of money. In aid of their funds balls and fancy fairs were frequently held, and the voluntary contribu- tions formed in’ addition a tremendous aggre- gate. It was not only medicines and hospital appliances that the sanitary commission eup- plied to those who were fighting for the Union; it supplemented ina hundred. different ways the abnormally abundant rations served out by the government to the soldiers. Cakes, fruit. potted meats, and even those candies, of lollipops, of which abstaining Americans are often immoderately fond, were freely supplied to the federal warriors, who also reveled, thanks to the care of the ‘commission, in flee hosiers, nightcaps, worsted mittens and #lip- pers, “In addition to this sanitary commission there was another called the Christian commis- sion, which ministered to the spiritual needs of the rank and file by the distribution of Bibles and tracts, and by paying the stipends of addi- tionai chaplains, One other equally significant fact is stated with regard to the wonderful Army of the Po- tomac. These legions were governed practi- cally without corporal punishment, nor. save in a very few instance: heinous offense ug: committed, w: flicted. I remember when I was down with the federal army in Virginia seeing at the general headquarters a wretched creature, a delinquent sold:er, who, under the grim guard of a sentry, was sweeping all the refuse away and shoveling it into baskets, He was to endure so many hours of this humiliating drudgery for so many days, as he had been guilty, so I was told, of some exceptionally disgraceful crime. Now and again some martinet commanding officer would venture upon a course of edure slightly nnalogous to bodily panishment.. I have heard of offending soldiers being “spread-eagled,” that is to say, tied by the wrists and ankles to the wheels of a gan or an ammunition wagon and left bare-headed for u certain time in the biazing sun. But these certainly indefensible punishments were very rarely resorted to. Remembering that the use of the cat was common in the British army during the Crimean war and that flogging in the army was not totally abolished until the passing of the army discipline act in April, 1881, and that in the French army, although corporal pun- ashment had long since disuppeared from it, the death penalty was frequently enforced, it can scarcely have failed to strike an onlooker with astonishment that the Amencan 2om- manders should have been able to preserve discipline among the hundreds of thousands of men serving under them without flogzing them and without hanging or shooting them, in a proportion even remotely approaching the in- fiction of such extreme penalties in the French army. It must be remembered, moreover. that the bluebellies comprised in ‘their ranks an astoundingly miscellaneous congregation of humanity. There was, truly, a very mumer- ous element of sternly resolute, unilinchingly energetic soldiers, who were fighting not ouly for the unity of the republic, but for conscience sake, and would have regarded the cause of the emancipation of the negro as a kind of boly Nar. These, practicalls, the worthy descend ants of the old Puritans, were the leaven that Gave life and vigor to the whole federal army. —_—_+-o2____ GREEK IN MODERN ATHENS. A Gradual Ketura to the Classical Form of the Language, From the Boston Herald. “Lonce had a chat with the late Prof. Soph- ocles, the famous native Greek professor of Harvard, on the subject of the prouuuciation of our language as taught in America,” said the Greek consul, Mr. D. T. Timayensis, to a | “Herald” man recently. “I asked him why he taught a method of pronunciation which he kuew was not the right one. “It doesn't make any difference what pro- nunciation we teach,’ he replied, “because these boys will never know anything, avy- way.” “The Germans have been the most con- scientious and thorough students of the an- nt Greek language,” continued the consul. “It ix but fair to suy, however, that a very learned Greek lady who has been in this coun- studying your institations says that whe found a class of giris in Weilesley College who were better versed in Greek classics than the girls in ourown schools in Athens, I should say they must be very good, then, for a great revival in Greek classical study has taken place within afew years, The spoken language is conforming more and more closely to classical standards, Foreign words that have crept into the language are being cast aside. I noticed the increased purity of the language when I returned to Greece and met some of my uni- versity classmates. They were following the classical Greek #0 closely that I thought at first it was a Joke or an affectation, but I soon saw that the ‘set’ were ali talking that way. “Athens is being beautified in many ways. Rich Greeks who have made their fortunes in Sondon, Paris, Berlin or St. Petersburg have retired to Athens to spend their money. They are creating a society there of wealthy and cultivated people who are proud of Greek his- tory and are turning to classical idenis.”” ——o- MAGIC NUMBERS, They at Once Aroused the Interest of the Louisville Aldermen, From the Louisville Courier-Journal, There was an amusing incident connected with a recent meeting of the general council which escaped the observation of all save a few on the “inside.” and its news value is en- hanced on account of the attention lately given to gambling in various forms. Clerk Me- Cleery, in the discharge of routine duty, was reading some bills by title wherein came the numbers “43, 11, 14, 15, 12.” He was passing, with his usual dispatch, to other papers when astaid member of the board, drawing paper and pencil, said: ‘Mr. President, I would like to hear that read again.” Clerk MeCleery read the numbers once more, and as they ran; out the silence became intensified and it could be noticed that other members were intently making notes, presumably ‘upon important matters which they proposed to. bring up dur- ing the meeting. “What was the third num- ber? I did not catch it, Call for another read- ing.” hoarsely whispered one member to his neighbor, punching him in the ribs to expedite action, With a countenance which would scarcely maintain .a business-like expression the councilman #0 appeaicd to obeyed the re- quest and offered some excuse for having Jed to grasp what was embraced in the pa- pers just pigeon-holed by the clerk of the oard. ‘There was something like tittering when Mr. MecCleery took a sip of water, cleared his throat and began to read slowly and in tones which all must hear the fascinating numbers, At would appear that all who wished to were enabled this time to get them and in their or- der. Once more the methodical discharge of council matters was resumed, but after the ad- journment and as the members were filing out into the hall one was heard to say to another: “Suy,— ,here isa half; put that on those numbers for me in the morning, will you?” ———-e2____ The Vanderbilt System Reaches Loulsville. ‘The Vanderbilt system of railroads bas at- tempted to gain a footing in Louisville for several years and the efforts have at last been successful. completed Louisville and Jeffersonville bridge and will complete it at once, and a branch of the system will be built to Louisville, In order to secure proper terminal facilities the com- ny proposes to build an elevated railroad in ongross alley, five miles in length, connecting with every railroad and bridge in the city. pines soe Gov. McKinley Declines. Gov. McKinley of Obio has dectined the ap- pointment as member of the board of visitors tothe Naval Academy, owing to the pressure of business and numerous engagements ‘The Big Four has secured the un- | "sa Mighty Mean Experience, but There fs No Help for It. From the New York Herald. The man who has to catch the early train to Somewhereville is to be pitied. He retires early, the earlier the more ead his case, Every passing sound from the street falls upon his strained ears, He falls at last along toward 10 o'clock into alight slumber. His dreams are broken; there is no rest for him, for be has to catch the early train. Along toward midnight he awakens witha start, grasps out in the darkness wildly, fum- bles fora match and knocks his heels and his favorite corns against the spikes of the rocker. There are always spikes on the rocker of the fellow who bas to bunt a match in order to look at the clock in order to see the time in order not to oversleep im order to catch the early morning train, He biows out the match in disgust. It is only 12 o'clock. His train time is 4:40, 80 he turns in for another snooze, ‘The man who has to catch the early train— what awful dreams he has! Over bie pillows dance all his grandmothers since the flood, singing in a wild discordant way. He sees sights and hears voices; he rolls uneasily, now and then catching little cat winks, only'to be awakened again and again and again—to find that it is too early to get up. , The man who has the train fever is a pitiful sight to behold. He sighs ly in the darkness, He thrashes around in bed. He hits his bead against the wall. He curses his evil luck. Why has he to catch a train when all the rest of the world is asleep? Why must he bea slave? Confound those awful early trains, anyhow! Why cannot the world be run on common sense ideas? If the managers of the railroads of the land only had a grain of sense— just a grain—what a world this would be! | Itas in this fashion cool an catch-a-tesia man passes the earlier part night. But the worst is yet to come, As the night wears on, or off, his fears grow more and more pronounced. Now, be is not only afraid that he will not catch the train, but he fears that be will actually go tosleep. In the first part of the night he tried to sleep and couldn't succeed; now be could succeed, but he dare not try. All his efforts are thus directed toward keeping awake—a tak” The catch-a-train man rolls uneasily in his bed. He drops intoa ghastly nightmare of o sleep. This 1s what he wees: ‘orrible visions of railroad wrecks, The figures 4:40 in blood, written by a de- stroving angel on the wide of an open grave. Four-forty! four-forty! four-forty! Now he — moment, aud now he has left the toiling millions in the big city and is away, far across the wide land, when biff, i there isa grand railroad wreck, and he ‘Up, or rather starts up, to strike his thirteeath match to look at his watch to see what time it is so that he will get that train! After tossing, rolling. pitching, heuving, groaning, moaning and ail the rest for the bet- ter part of the last terrible hour he finally sinks into # soft, dreamless rest, euch as the beloved poet loves to figure as blessing the sleep of the innocent little child, or the “M-e chy-idee” of the Bowery stage recitationist. Ab, that sleep! Blessed be the man who invented it! Enough that the , Weary, catch-a-train fiend can sleep atall, even sf it be but a moment. And | sleep be does. “Me is suoring away lice a saw- mui Thena white-robed figure, bearing a large lamp, suddenly appears like en apparition in ‘the intense India ink gloom. It his wife. Dear, patient, loving soul, faithful to the last, has somehow, in a way known only to woman, man- aged to keep awake, or, rather, to sleep until the proper time, and now she is here, aud is saying, as she shakes him in a lively fasbion: Jim! Jim! Wake up; it is time for the ‘Train? Wazzer—train—what 1 it, anyway? Go way now! Yes, I'm coming, com”— Sct bet you are!” gasps the woman, im by the and tugging away viciously; and then he awakens with a start, to hear her but You have just ten minutes to catch the feur-forty! Now burrs, dress and come down to the kitchen, where there is a pot of hot coffee for you; I have been up half an hour and bave everything in readiness.” And then the man rises and says: “Humpb! Well, there is no need of all this foes, I was just on the point of rising as you came in the room and made all this racket! Where's my socks, anyway?” HOW A SHARK WAS SCARED. Bravery of McDermott Rewarded With » Gold Medal. From the London Daily News, In the annual report of the Royal Humane Society there is, as usual, a long roll of heroes who have won testimonials of various kinds by acts of bravery and self-sacrifice during the past year. Foremost in the list of recipients of the Stanhope medals is Mr. Thomas Me- Dermott of her majesty’s ship Swallow, who, while sailing off Uzi Island (coast of Zanzibar) saved two of his comrades from imminent peril of being devoured by a shark. The two men were bathing and had dived out of aboat,when large shark was seen within six feet of them and making toward them. Without an instant’s hesitation Mr. Mo- Dermott, with all his clothes on, jumped over- board right over the shark, and by the splash created frightened the fish from its prey, thereby giving time to his comrades to regain their boat. The general court has for this dar- ing act awarded Mr. McDermott the Stanhope gold medal. Among recipients of the Stanhope silver medal are a lad named James Cochrane, who at the peril of his life saved a little boy who by the breaking of the ice in Brocket Park, Herts, had become immersed in five or ix’ feet of water, and Mr. Wylie. chief of the Pulo Saigon bridge works, Singapore, who saved two Javan- ese workmen from suffocation in a mine. Mr. Wylie, with great intrepidity and judg- ment. slipped down the pit rope, the wire peel- ing his hands in the descent, and succeeding in getting one of the men into the bucket, held him there, and was finally hauled to the sur- face with him. After this he descended and rescued the other man, though half an hour elapsed before the Javanese were restored to consciousness, Unfortunately, Mr. Wylie had to be kent home, #0 severely ‘had he suf- fered from the deleterious gases. ————o.—____ FASHIONS IN NAMES, No Longer Parted in the Middle, but Written ‘Out in Fan, From the Indianapolis Journal. Every one must have noticed the recent change of fashion in regard to writing names, It used to be that oniy the initial of the middle name was given, as George G. Tulkinghorn or Emily M. Jones; now it must be written George Grimshaw Tulkinghorn and Emily Mackintosh Jones. The idea seems to be that it is some- how important to preserve Mr. Tulkinghorn's and’Miss Jones’ identity by completely differ- entiating them from other persons of the same name, or perhaps it is intended as notice to the world that they are the sole proprietors of amiddle name which belongs to them exclu- sively. Ali authors nowadays give their full names on the title page of their works. It is no jonger John D. Smith, but John Dillingworth Smith, as much as to say that the Smiths are connected with the Willingworths. Perhaps Jobu's mother's maiden name was Dillng- worth, or maybe his great-grandmother, if he had one. wax a Dillingworth before she was married. Probably the world does not care any more about the Dillingworths than it does about the Smiths, but it looks fine to write the name out in full. We venture the assertion that of a thousand novels published during the last year 999 have the name of the author spelled out on the title page in full, as if it were a matter of real im- portance for the world to know his or her middle name, What is the use of middle names, anyhow? George Washington did not have any, neither did Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Wilham Shakespeare, John Milton, Ben Jonson, Francis Bacon, Napoleon Bonaparte, or thousands of other great men, What « lucky thing it is we do not have to write William Hollingbrook Shakespeare, George Harrington Wasbington or Abraham Hauks Lincoln. ——_—__ +e ____ In Behalf of the Trainmen. A bill has passed the Florida senate forbid- | ding railroad companies to make “runs” of | trainmen longer than thirteen hours each and compelling at least eight hours to lapse between | runs. Itis alleged that several recent acci- | dents were due to engincers and conductors being physically exhausted from continued | train work. In one instance they were on duty | twenty-four hours without sleep or rest. The Dili has raised much indignation among railway officials, who threaten if the bill becomes a law to cut down trainmen’s wages and reduce train service. see Mr. Theodore Runyon, the new American minister to Germany, vieited the American jegation in London Monday. LYING AWAKE TO CATCH THE TRAIN, | WAITING FOR HIS PICTURE. What a Washincton Man Wrote to a Crayon HERE ABE MORE WAYS OF KILLING ® cat than by choking him with bat- ter, and there are more ways of masking money than by breaking stone on the road. Some people fix themselves up a little die and | make their own money. This plan, however, | bas its drawbacks and generally leads in a long run toastriped suit and plenty of exercise, Other people work out nice little advertizing schemes and get there on the money just the | same. Sometimes they get there on the striped | snit also, One of these nice little plans is to insert an ad. in a number of papers offering to furnish any lady, gentleman, infant or animal who will send along a photograph an enlarged crayon copy so true to life that it will speak, sing, dance or bark, and allof them for the ih j i i i F fj i ik 5 %, i I Q if i | *g i ii ii 33 i] i § i A 5 FA i it i A | i] i ee i i i i i F i ie g i i 8 i i ? E I E 8 { a FE i THE ie i 3 3 if Fr Hi 2 i if # ad. £ i 5 i i 4 E i H 3 i rE &F E i 3 i f 8 i Fi ge 38 i Fs H i i f it i i i E te i : F 4 i I i q | i i | Atlantis theory in Sir Daniel Wilson, of the University of Toronto, who after a great deal of search, that the lost lantis was not a myth, but the continent of America, disappearance from view in « different way, but that is merely incidental Donneliy's theory was that the land tie Sibo escaped to the continent of Bere those who continents and Asia came the tradition of the deluge. Daniel rejects this explanation as proved by the fact that there are no such volcanic action either cn the continent or in the = bed. He believes that the cient Egyptians, the most adventurous of AD an gon) covered the continent, but that in the decline both of their learning and power it became lost to view and existed at the time our knowl edge of Egypt begins meroly as a shadowy tra- dition, It ss his opinion that traces of the Egyptians of those days are to be sought im the rained cities of Central America whose origin has never been determined or even been made the basis of any reasonable theory. Such adiscovery would furnish a substantial baste for the legend of the lost Atiantis, and the theory invests those wonderful rus with @ new interest for the autiquarians, ss 2. President McLcod’s Losing Deal. Isaac L, Rice, who, under the regime of Mr, McLeod, was the foreign reprerentative of the Reading Railroad Company, with offices in Lou= don, and who, after the appointment of the re | ceivers of the road, saat wn suseutantion of to | company’s books in the interests of - | Roldere, bas made. public the result of examination of the Boston and Maine and New | York and New England stock transactions. Im summing ap the report Mr. Rice says that the loss to the company on the Boston and Maine stock transaction amounts to over 925.000 and on the New York and New England $578,000, a total loss of over $1,500,000, considering the collateral used as obligations of the company now outstanding. FE li i