Evening Star Newspaper, May 13, 1893, Page 11

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, MAY 13, 1898—-SIXTEEN PAGES. a Se SS THE BIGGEST HOP YARD IN THE WORLD. PUGET SOUND WEALTH Stories of Fortune Making From the Great Northwest. IN SEATTLE AND TACOMA. Money in Hops—How Senator Squire Made ® Million—Henry L. Yester and His Lost ‘Wnl—Arthur A. Denny and His $750,000 Cow Pasture. Sete eee ‘Byecial Correspondence of The Evening Star. Seatrie, Wasu., May 4, 1893. HAVE BEEN TRAV- ¢ling for some time through this new state of Washington. It is destined to be one of the wealthiest and most populous states of the Union, and it has al- * ready been called the Onio and Peansylvania of the west. It has some of the richest lands on the face of the globe, | and in this Puget Sound Fegion the land is as black as your hat and as Fich ax guano. Between here and Seattle, a dis- tance of about forty miles, the railroad passes through a wilderness of hop fields, which net their owners, I am told, something like $100 per cre profit each year, and which in some eases produce 2,000 pounds of hops to the acre. Hops are selling now for 22 cents & pound; but they have, I am told, been sold as high as $1 a pound, and « man with a ten acre hop farm is well off. Senator Squire told me a short time ago that he had made a good deal of money off of his hop raising, and some men here have made fortunes in hops. The Washington hops are among the finest raised, and they are put up in bales and shipped from here all over world. INDIAN HOP PICKER. {The biggest hop ranch of the world is not far from here. Itcontains 1,500 acres and has more than 400 acres in hops. This belongs to the Seattle Hop Growers’ Association, who are the largest hop growersof the world. ‘Much of their Jand produces 2,000 pounds to the acre,and they are increasing theic acreage so that they will eventually have the whole ranch one big ho field. It costs 8 cents a pound to raise, piel and market hops, and even at 22 cents the busi- ness isa good one. The picking is done largely by Indians, and this company employs 1.500 Indians during the picking season and about 200 whites. A good deal of work is reqnired to bring the land into shape for the planting. but there are large valleys in this part of Wash- fngton which are being turned into hop fields, and there is enough good hop land here, I am told, to make the beer for the world. AN INDIAN PRINCESS. Speaking of the Indians, they do not amount fo much in this part of the United States. ‘They are mostly beggars and scavengers, and many of them are of the Flat-head variety. ‘This city of Seattle was named after an Indian, old ‘Napoleon Bonaparte of the Indians of the northwest. He was achief of many tribes and had a com- plete organization of them and formed a com- mon for them. He was a Fiat-head Indian, but a man of great strength and char- seter. He was a Catholic and tried to convert bis people. His daughter lives here in Seattle and she is kept by the voluntary gifts of the people. Her name is the Princess Angeline, and she is abont the ugliest piece of human flesh which hasever been wrapped about royal blood. She has more wrinkies than a wash- board, and is now very old. She lives ina Uittle wooden cottage here and is considered ‘one of the institutions of the city. She dresses im bright colors, walks with a cane and always bas A bright handkerchief about her queen- A WORD ABOUT SENATOR SQUIRE. One of the brightest young men of the north- west is Mr. Sam Crawford, a young man of perhaps thirty-five years of age. He was for rs on the staff of the Seattle Post-Intel- | meer, when he and another reporter de- | real estate. | ded to leave journalism for ‘They had between them $750.and the first thing they did was to spend this in newspaper ad~ ‘Yertising. The day it was all gone they had pot received a dollar in return mediately after the tide turned 950.000 during their first was walking with Mr. Cr Brough the city when we pawed al queavating for a large building a That is where Senator Squ exew building. He owns nearly Jars in Seattle property aud he will be a very wealthy man. He has a fine farm near here and he is interested in many business enterprises. This new building of his will be made more valuable by the building of Jim Hill's Great Northern depot. It will be an immense affair, covered with a glass roof, and its site cost Hill a quarter of a million. The city has given him astrip of land s mile long through the flate for his freight houses, It contains 145 acres, which is now covered water, but which will be diked and piled.” “How did Senator Squire get so much real estate?” “Oh. it was largely through his father-in-law, Mr. Remington, the firearms and typewriter man. Squire married » Remington and he was connected with the firm. Remington came out here years ago, and thinking Seattle was going to grow to a big city, he bought ‘250,000 worth of property. It did not develop as fast as he expected, and Squire came out to look at it. He found the boom had started and he went back. Iam told, and offered his father-in-law his interest in "the Remington works for his Seattle property. His offer was accepted and Squire thus became a millionaire. A $750,000 cow PasTURE. “You must have a lot of rich men here,” said I. “Yes,” revlied Mr. Crawford, “‘we have quite alot of millionaires here in Seattle. Tacoma ARTHUR A. DENNY. has a goodly number, and there are many young men who have made fortunes on Puget sound. One of the richest men of Seattle today is Arthur Denny, who founded Seattle and who at the age of sixty still lives. He is worth sev- eral millions. He was, you know, in Congress some vears ago. He lives here in the center of a big lot in the heart of the city, and his yard is worth about $750,000. He keeps a blooded Jersey cow, and he lets this feed upon the lawn. Not long ago, when he was to sell the block for ‘business purposes, he replied: ‘I can't do it, for if I sell where can I pasture my cowi “Mr. Denny came to Seattle shout forty ago. He has a great fortune in prospect Resa Bir ice eteses sod ien acon onasa otk best iron mines in the world. These have been essed by an English company for « term of fifty years, and they pay a big royalty regu- larly, whether the mines are worked or not.” THE FAMOUS YESTER CASE. “What is this Yester case, in which it is said the heirs are trying to defraud Seattle out of a million or so?” “It is still pending,” replied Mr. Crawford, and it isa queer affair. Henry L. Yester was one of the remarkable men this country has known. He came here when Seattle wasa village to look up a site for a saw mill, and he died last year worth millions. When he came here he found the best site for his mill cat off by the claims of three men, Dr. Maynard, Mr. Boren and Arthur Denny. ‘They were anxious to have his mill here and they shifted their claims so as to give Mr. Yester a strip 300 feet wide from his mill to the water's edge. Thi strip eventually became the center of the city. The best of our business buildings are built on itandit is now worth million. One main streets of the city, Yester avenue, goes throngh it aud Yester held property on it when he died. He was avery enterprising man and was always doing good for the town. At the age of seventy-eight his first wife died, and he married again soon after, taking as his second wife a young ‘girl of twenty, named Minnie Gagle. She was distant relative and she came, I think, from ‘Masillon, Ohio. Mr. Yester told me once that he married her in self-defense. He was be- sieged by fortune-hunting adventuresses, who tried to get him into gil sorts of trouble and attemptedto blackmail him. Well, two years after his marriage he. took’ sick and died, and to the surprise of all no will could be found. He had said repeatedly that he intended to leave a great part of his fortune to the city, and as his estate amounted to about $3,000,000 the loss of the will created sensation. ‘His wife and the two doctors who attended him were charged with destroying it and a suit was begun by the city to force the producing of the will. One of the lawyers of defendants had the cheek to say tothe city that he would find the will for 25 per cent of the amount of the estate. This was refused and the case is yet unsettled. During Mr. Yester’s last sick- ness these doctors and his wife never left him alone with any one for a moment.” OTHER MONEY KINGS. Seattle has a large number of men who have made fortunes in money and mines. Judge Thomas Burke, the great lawyer of this region, is worth a million. L. D. J. Hunt, tho owner of the Seattle Post-Inielligencer, and one of the big holders of the Monte Cristo mines, came here worth $30,000 and he is now quoted at from three to five millions, and there is a baker’s dozen of other Seattle men who are rich beyond the dreams of avarice. SOME TACOMA MILLIONAIRES, It is the same with Tacoma, Seattle's rival city, which is only forty miles further up the sound, and which is filled with the homes of rich men. During my visit there I met a number of them and I heard of others. What surprises me most is the number of young men who have grown rich. Mr. Hunt is not over thirty-three and Allen C. Mason, one of the big millionaires of Tacoma, is under forty. Mason's wealth illustrates the ‘value of news- paper advertising. Just ten years ago he was teaching school in Jacksonville, Ill. He_bor- rowed $3,000 for three years to come to Puget sound, settled at Tacoma and went into the real estate «nd loan business. During five years hia transactio: ‘three millions. He is now building a house in Tacoma which will cost 3125,000, has given the city a public library of 20,000 volumesand owns all sorts of valuable property. He con- siders the newspapers one of the secrets of suc- cess. CHIEF JUSTICE FULLER'S SON-IN-LAW. Hngh Wallace, who married Mildred Fuller, is fast making a fortune in Tacoma. He is under thirty years of age, but he must alresdy be worth $200 000, and he is, I am told, a good | business man. He is especially happy just now in the possession of a son who is suid to loo much like his grandfather, the chief justice. ‘The biggest individual property owner of Ta- coma is, Lam told, C. B. Wright, who used to | be president of the Northern Pacific railroad and who owns over $10,000,000 worth of Ta- coma buildings and lands’ and stocks. Mr. Wright is said to be worth 250,000,000. He ays one-eighth of all the {axes in Tacoma, and Eo recently bought the Hunt system of rail- roads and paid € .000,000 for them. He row about seventy years old. and he is called the father of Tacoma. He had the tunnel built through the Cascade mountains and thus made Tacoma the terminus of the Northern Pacitic railroad. He made many of his friends rich at tbe same time, and the big business blocks, the magnificent homes and the solid im- provements of Tacoma, with its forty or fifty thousand people, stand there as a monument to him. Fraxg G. Carentan. ———— Diphtheric Poison From Apples. From the Troy Times. Attention is called to the fact that apples | stored in cellars or elsewhere are invariably | covered exteriorly with mold or mildew—often | invisible, but just as real. This mold consists mostly of microseopte plants, including nume ous species fungi, all of which are more or r Physicians they have + of diphtheria in children to the use of molly apples. Mothers are in the habit of giving li dren apples to play with, and the babies try to cat them. In «uch cases the mold suouid be carefully removed from the apples. Le mounted to more than | ll ISSUES TO BE TRIED. (Continued from page seven.) nal writings of the Bible, when they came from the hands of their inspired authors, for if there had been then we could never be sure of any- thing in the Bible, and. at the best, God would have sanctioned untruth. It is replied that the most truthful of men eometimes make mis- takes and that God, perhaps, did not always revent His truthful servants from making un- portant mistakes in writing the Bible; that, at any rate, all the Bibles we now have contain mistakes of one kind or another, some of which textual criticism and improved translations seek to remove—and yet our imperfectly copied and imperfectly translated Bibles serve the purpose of the Bible, and therefore the practical danger does not seem very greatin supposing that the original autographs had some such errors; and besides that no living man or woman bs ever seen the original autographs, nor have we any exact description of them, and that a dogma about them is therefore not wise. Finally, they think they show that the Bible and the confession do not make any declaration at all about inerrancy of the origi- nal autographs, “As to the writings of Moses and Isaiah, the questions might seem to belong to the domain of scholarship rather than that of dogma. But the conservatives say that since unless the books of the Bible were written by inspired men, they cannot have been inspired, it is dangerous to substitute unknown authors (who possibly were not inspired)for well-known men hke Moses and Isaiah. But their chief argument is that Christ speaks of Moses and Isaiah as authors of the books traditionally assigned to them, and that those who deny this authorship mnpesch It Js anewored that the testimony of Christ. many books of the Bible are annonymous, an yet prove their divine power by their effects, and that it may be the same with the writings ascribed to Moses and Isaiah. It is answered, further, that the authority of Christ is to be Tevered above all other, but that one of the Very questions at issue is whether His authority is committed to these traditional opinions about authorship; it is agued that there are other and better interpretations of His words than those given by the conservativer, especially in view of the powerful in- ternal ‘arguments inst assigning the whole Pentateuch to Moses or to Isaiah the whole book called by his name. They also try to show that the Scriptures do. not elsewhero prove the contrary of Dr. Briggs’ opinion on this point and remind us that the confession says nothing on the subject. “Progressive sanctification after death is thought dangerous by the conservatives, as tending toward regeneration after death or toward purgatory, and it is declared to be in conflict with Bible and confession. ‘The subject is recognized, however, as at once less vital and more obscure than the more familiar doctrines are. Dr. Briggs contends vigorously that it is in harmony with Scripture and with the trend of the church’s teaching, and that even if it were opposed by any statement of the Presby- terian standards, which he does not admit, the matter wstem of doctrine to which alone he is bound by the ordination vow. “If the legal objections already recited should be overcome by the assembly, these theological questions would then come up for decision. We are afraid the body will by that time not be in a very judicial frame of mind. And which- ever way the decision should fall, there would be vers good and very learned men on the other side. FORMER CONTROVERSIES. “Tt certainly does seem to us a great pity that Christian men and ministers for whom there isan abundance of useful work in the world cannot agree to differ about these intri- cate questions of theology and scholarship. We cannot help thinking that the time will come when they vill do so in the Presbyterian Church aselsewhere. And it might make some of the more zealous ones cautious if they would recall how the controversies of other years have passed away, old breaches been healed and much accusation and commotion proved, after the lapse of a little time, to have been unneces- sary. In 1885 and 1836 Presbyterians were ox- cited about Albert Barnes. He was acquitted of heresy by his presbytery, condemned by the synod, but finally acquitted by the general as- sembly. The Presbyterian Church ‘split over the issues then made and Mr. Barnes went with the new school. But in 1870, when the church reupited, members of both branches took pains tohonor himin hisadvancedage. About the sam time Dr. Lyman Beecher was arraigned in Ohio, But he, too, was at length acquitted and died in high esteem. To laymen’s eves it does look asif similar results might follow the present excitement. Twenty or thirty years hence it might be safe to predict very stalwart conser tives will be found who, if Dr. Briggs shou to their present satisfaction, be now con demned, will be very sorry the church made such a mistake, and ‘who, if to their present disappointment his acqnittal should now be sustained, will then be sincerely and intelli- gently glad.” ‘THE OTHER SIDE OF THE CASE. What is printed above comes, as stated, from asource friendly to Dr. Briggs and can be re- garded as presenting his case, much as it will be presented if it comes to a trial on its merits before the general assembly. Tue Star has endeavored to secure a statement which would resent the other side with equal force and in- ligence. and for the purpose solicited from a well-known minister and an eminent student of theology, who has carefully considered the case and accepts what is known as the ‘anti-Briggs" view, a statement of the points involved, ‘Ihe statement thus obtained is as follows: “This case is not one affecting personal char- acter and should therefore be discussed and decided in a caim paternal spirit, without pas- sion or personalities. ‘The real and vital ques- tion before the church is: Do the official teach- ings of Prof. Briggs of Union Seminary har- monize with the tenchings of the standards of the Presbyterian Church, of which he is an ac- credited minister? In the investigation of tho question various side issues have come into rominence. But the great fact remains un- Benisble, the Presbyterian Church in, the United States of America is now determining the very point on which Dr. Briggs asked the judgment of the chureh, viz.: Do the teachings St Br. Briggs differ eo ‘materially from the constitution of the church ‘that the general assembly cannot any longer indorse, authorize and pay for them? For more than two years the church has been engaged, patiently, prayerfully and in acon- stitutio: way, in an honest effort to reach a final and authoritative decision in this case. -y intelligent Presbyterian knows that or later the judgment of theentire Pres- byterian Church through its highest and last court, the general assembly, must be and will be rend IN THE NAME OF THE WHOLE cuUncn. There has never beon but one trial. Not the committee of prosecution, not the presby- tery of New York, not tho Portland assembly, butthe Presbyterian Church in the United States has charged Prof. Briggs with teachings | that contradict essential truths of the Scrip- | tres and the constitution of the Presbyterian | Church. This indictment from beginning to end runs | in the name of the whole church, and the trial is not complete and final until the mind of the whole church has been expressed in a judicial decision, ‘‘guilty” or ‘not guilty.” A person “accused” may appear many times and before different courts of the church, but | there is only one trial, and all sacred rights of apveal are thrown around the humblest mem- ber, and these constitutional safeguards are the | glory of the Presbyterian Church, The Portl sembly, in the exerci of its indisputable constitutional right, directed the | presbytery of New York, as the court of origi- | nal jurisdiction, to take up and issue the case according to the constitution of the Presbyte- rian Church. fairness, patience and care with which the presbytery conducted the case has been commended by'all candid men; but the jury failed to agree and the trial reached its end, so far as the presbytery of New York was | interested, but the trial was not concluded so | far as the Presbyterian Church in the United States was concerned, and the prosecution com- | mittee took an appeal from the decision of the | presbytery of New York to the general asvom- | bl THE QUESTION OF APPEAL. But what right, you ask, did that commit- tee have to appeal the case directly to the as- sembly? Why not foliow the usual course and appeal to the synod of New York, the next court above? This question may be considered in two aspects. First. Does the constitution authorize this appeal directly over the hend of synod to the general assembly? Undeniubl: | the right exists in the constitution. Page 49 | chaptor IX, par. 102, «ays: “Appeals are ge | erally to be taken to tothe judicatory ately superior to that appealed from.” The | word “generally” shows clearly and undeni- | abl this way. The constitution itself provides wisely for proper exceptions to the ordinary mode. For sufficient reasons may be taken directly to the a vterian Law and Usage, page 74. ‘The assembly has repeatedly refused to deny the right ot adirect apneal in cases that affect | the doctrine and constitution. y that all appeals need not be taken in| ‘The assembly ina number of instancos has received, declared m order and issued cases brought directly to it.—Minutes general assom- bly, 1883, pages 597, 617, 629; 1892, page 90; Presbyterian Digest, 55. 2d. “Are there snfiicient reasons why tho case of Prof. Briggs should be an exception and go over the head of synod directly to the assem- bly? (@) Sooner or later, it must go, and the sooner the better for the “‘peace and work” of the whole church. (0) The teachings of Dr. Briggs as professor ina seminary of the whole chnrch affect not the presbytery of New York only, but the entire church, “The influence of his books and pamphlets reach far beyond the presbytery or synod of New York. (c) After trial by the synod of New York, when the case came to tho general assembiy, all of that great synod. with its thirty-one presbyteries, 1,166 ministers, 888 churches and 170,000 members, would have no vote. ‘The reasons for a direct appeal seem there- fore to be conclusive. THE MERITS OF THE CASE. “Asto the merits of the case: First. Dr. Briggs affirms that there are three ‘sources’ or ‘fountains’ of Divine’ authority. Inaugural ad- dress, page 24. He means, I suppose, three ‘channels,’ not ‘sources,’ for ‘only (rod Himself can be the source of Divine authority. And then adds that ‘Spurgeon, who found God in the Christ of Scriptures, will have no higher place in the kingdom of God than Martineau,’ who found him through reason, And yet Martineau states that he does not believe in tho man’s salvation by reason who denies the God- head and sacrifice of the Lord Jesus does not contradict the teachings of the Presbyterian church and the express word of God, then I am unable to understand or state what would be a contradiction. “2. Dr. Briggs affirms (address, page 35) “thero are errors in the Scriptures,’ The standards of the Presbyterian Church’ aftirm that the ‘Scriptures are the word of God, the only infallibie rule of faith and practice,’ and Webster defines ‘infallibleness’ as ‘entire ex- emption from liability to error;’ ‘inerrabilit: incapable of mistakes,” ‘These two views are not merely divergent; they are destructive one of the other: it is impossible for both to be true. “3. Address, pnge 93, Dr. Briggs says, and evidently with’ entire acceptance, ‘Kuenen has shown that many predictions of the Old Testa- ment have been reversed by history, and that the great body of the Messianic prophecies have not only never been fulfilled, bat cannot now be fulfilled.” “The Presbyterian Church teaches that all the things written in the law of Moses and the rophet and in the Psalms concerning Him Bave been or will be faifilled: that not « Jot or 8 tittle can tail until all be fulfilled. These two teachings are dinmetrically opposed and antag- onistic. “4. Dr. Briggs charges ‘Protestant theology with limiting the processes of redemption to this world;’ (address, page 53.) and on page 50 affirms that the Bible teaches a ‘race re- deemer’ and a ‘race redemption.” “The Presbyterian Church denies that there is any such thing as the redemption of the race, and affirms that Giod saves out of the lost race those who accept His Son, Jesus Christ, together with all those who have ‘not reached’ years of discretion. oN OR THE OTHER MUST Go. “These are the four fundamental contradic- tions between the Presbyterian Church and Dr. Briggs—the issues thus joined are vital and ad- mit of no compromise—one or the other must go out, both cannot coexist and co-operate in the same communion. The question now and here is—not who is right or who is wrong—not are the views of Dr. Briggs true or falso, but are they at variance with and contradictory of the constitutional truths of the Presbyterian Church. It is for the entire church, in whose name and by whose authority tho indictment against Dr. Briggs, rans through its supreme count to declare, under the most solemn sanc- tions known to judicial proceedings, whether or not the accused is guilty as ind “The original parties, the Pr: in the United States ‘of America and Prof. igs, will be present. All of the evidence au- red and attested on the records of the court below will be printed and in the bands of cach member of the supreme court. His brethren and peers under sanctions more volemn than those that bind the Supreme Court of the United States will sit as judges in the case, Of all men beneath the ekies Prof. Briggs is most deeply interested in an imme- diate trial before such a court, If he cannot | got justice in this court he will never find it on earth. “The Presbyterian Church hasnot forced this issue on Prof. Baiggs. but ho has forced it on the church. From his position as authorized teacher in Union Seminary he demanded that the traditional barriers embodied in the ce fessional beliefs of the Presbyterian Church should be removed and that the church should accept his teachivgs as authorized and in nc- cord with the confession and the Word of God. No possible course was open to the church than to accept the issue thus raised by Dr. B. and invoke the judgment of the entire church, whether or not do these teachings contradict the cherished and confessional beliefs of the Presbyterian Church?” pass The General Assembly Star, Tue Evexsxo Stan will publish full reports of the proceedings of the Presbyterian general | assembly, which will begin its sessions at the New York Avenue Church, in this city, next Thursday. The regular edition of the paper will contain the report of the proceedings up to the hour of going to press, and at the close of each day's session a special edition will be printed covering the entire day’s proceedings. ‘This will give the earliest repdrt in full of all the discussions of the body. Persons who wish toorder Tux Stax for the two wocks, in order to obtain this prompt and full account of the doings of the general assembly, can have this special edition sent them by indicating that they desire it. Tax Stan will be mailed to any address in the United States, Canada or Mex- ico for two weeks, beginning Thursday, May 18, for 25 cents, ae A Co-Operative Ice Company. Tothe Eitor of The Ine Star: The suggestion of “Junius” as to a citizens’ co-operative ice company only requires some one to start the ball rolling to insure success, There is an ice-manufacturing company in Brooklyn and another in Philadelphia, each operating under a system that produces ice at Jess than 90 cents a ton, and I understand un- der a guarantee that the cost shall not exceed this sum, including all expenses necessary to | make the ice compicte ready to place upon wagons for delivery Cannot some one start a popular company here? FEnax, —__ A Health-Destroying Nuisance. To the Fiitor of The Evenms Sta: As there seems to be no way of reaching the evil except through the columns of the daily press, I, as one of the sufferers, would ask you to call attention to the fact that a dead dog has | been perfuming the neighborhood of 11th and K streets northwest for nearly a week. ‘The ly carcass lies on the west side of 11th street be- low K, and should be removed without delay, as such nuisances are not only offensive, but health destroving. A Sunscrmen, May 12, 1893. ‘The members of the Art Students’ League gave a most delighful reception at their rooms on 17th street Thursday evening. Several of the teachers and most of the stu- |dents were on hand to extend a hearty welcome to all the visitors, of whom | there were many, and the evening passed most agreeably. The most important feature of the occasion was the very creditable display of the work of the members in the way of charcoal sketches, water colors, oils and studies from life. ‘The walls were well covered and the ex- hibition was worthy of the very favorable comment it received. es The Grand Army Must Act. From the New York Times. We do not believe for an instant that tho majority of the Grand Army members approve of the plunder of the treasury and the pollu- tion of the pension roll. We are sure that the great body of them would regard both with | detestation if they understood the facts. But the facts are now clearly and widely known. The honorable men in the Grand Army must recognize them and act on them. Army can be saved only by becoming a pension reform organization. Mrs. John Mackay, accompanied by her two 1 jr., and Charles H. Mackay, leit San Francisco for the east Thursday night, ‘The Grand | DIGNITY AND TRIALS. They Now Fall to Alfonso XIII in Larger Measure. IS SEVEN NEXT WEDNESDAY. New Burdens Imposed in the Poor Boy’s Weary Play of Being King—Dark Out- look—The Infanta Who Will Visit Us. es N THE 17TH DAY OF May Alfonso XIII of Spain will be seven years old, To the or- dinary youngster this would simply mean a holiday, birthday gifts and the happiness of an- nouncing that he is “go- ing on eight.” But to the boy King of Spain it means, instead of greater freedom, new dignities, new ceremo- nies, imposed by the cumbersome code of the escurial, and new tasks and lessons enough to make him go to his royal couch witha fine head- ache under his pretty curls. “Uneasy rests the head that wears a crown.” Christina’s dear little Nino” passes official into the period of youth. Henceforth he will seo less of mother and sisters and more of tutors, masters, gentlemen of the bed chamber and ministers. He cannot let nature take its own time to fit him for life's work, but must have history, languages, alive and dead, eti- quette, politics and distrust of most of 8 a and all of his subjects instilled into ‘im. It is an occasion for regret that the divinity that doth hedge in an infant, prince and peasant alike, might not fora few more years al ys «alee hre «¥e TREE ROY ALFONSO AT THE PRESENT TIME, rotect this baby king. The very act by which Eis importance is increased exposes him to new dangers. Besides being officially declared a youth the etiquette of the sscurial recognizes no disability in a king, so it will be as a “vigor- ous monarch” that Alfonso XILI will enter the eighth year of his frail life. lis birth seven years ago was ushered in by his father’s death five months before, a sister's deposition, an earthquake and a revolution. His immunity from personal danger up to the present time has been partly because of his infaney and partly because it was believed that his «mall majesty bas but a slight hold on life at best. It ix scarcely to be expected even now that he should live to manhood, for he has certain constitutional weaknesses herited through the iniquity of his fathers even to the third and fourth generation. His death at any time may plunge Spain into civil war, and his life cannot long avert a trial of the numerous rival interests in the complicated political situation of the country. In his own honsebold are foes. His grand- mother, ex-Queen Isabella, is living in exile in Paris, but with a court of powerful grandees about her and a strong following in Spain, who in any crisis are always ready to restore her to the throne from which she was deposed a quarter of a century ago. In the direct line MARIE CHRISTINA, QUEEN REGENT. his heir ia his sister, the Infanta Mercedes, a girl of thirteen, who reigned during the fiv months that elapsed between the death of his father and his own birth. The next in succes- sion are a younger sister and two aunts. The line may easily die out in a generation, and it might not be a bad thing for Spain if it did, as there would thus be oue less subject for bitter controvers) For the cause of Don Carlos this much can be said. The reversal of the Salic law has brought nothing but scandal and disgrace to Spain. The crown had descended in the male line since Spain first had kings until Ferdinand VII came to the throne. Ferdinand was the great- est debauchee of all Europe. Three princesses whom he married in succession died childless, At the age of forty-five he married Marie Chris- tina, daughter of the King of Naples, a girl of twenty, frivolous and without a trace of con- science. It is said that it was suggested to Christina by Ferdinand’s ministers thata law higher than the claims of morality required that she should produce an heir to the throne. Even the king was snid to have urged this upon her, since his sole object was to keep his brother, Don Carlos, from succeeding. EX-QUEEN ISABELLA, It was soon well known that Christina had found a lover, a handsome tobacconist named ‘Munoz, who had had the good fortune to stop her horses from running away. In course of time she gave birth toa daughter—ex-Queen Isabella. In order to defeat his brother, Don Carlos, Ferdinand caused the eortes to reverse the Saiic law. At Ferdirand’s death Isabella was proclaimed queen under the regency of her mother. Christina entercd into a morganatic marringe with Munoz and made him a duke, but she had numerous lovers, and the court of Spain, became a byword, It was decided that Isabella must marry her cousin, Don Francisco d’ Assisi, a weak-minded, | ugly little prince whom the young queen de- She married him and then eclipsed her | royal mai | to be the father of her son, Alfonso XII. She reigned thirty-five long years and was deposed | ou account of her politics, not her immorali | After a brief term of Amadeus, brother of King | Humburt, the rightful heir, Alfonso XII, wa: recalled, Isabella renouncing her claim im her ma in the number of her lovers. One | of these, Marshal Francisco Seranno, is believed son's favor. He died in 1885 and his post- hnmous son, now seven years old, is his most Catholic majesty, the King of Spain, Such is the ancestry of Alfonso XII, with the bar sinister twice upon his escutcheon in the course of three generations. There was some hope of a happy domestic life for his father when that young monarch married the THE INFANTA EULALIA. Infanta Mercedes, his own cousin, to whom he was ardently attached, but Queen Mercedes died after but five months of wedded life. Less than a year later Alfonso XIT made a state mar- riage with the Archduchess Marie Christina of Austria,a woman who furnishes almost the only example of virtue and devotion to duty of any occupant of the throne of Spain in a bun- dred years. Her marriage was unhappy. Alfonso XIT never ceased to mourn his firet bride, and sought distraction in such dissipa- tion as hastened his death. Yet Queen Chris- tina bore him three children, the first of whom she named Mercedes for her husband's lost love, so great is her generosity of character. Now for nearly eight years she has filled the dificult position of qaéen regent of Spain. It would seem that with euch a record for the direct line the Carlists are justified in their efforts to restore the Salic law. The three generations of Don Carlos are singularly free from the vices that have characterized the oc- cupants of the throne. They are a strong. handsome race, with a dash of the chivalric in their make up, and are men of undoubted ty and sagucity. There ix still another party of royalists, those who wouldcut the Gordian knot of all these political dificulties by founding an entirely new dynasty. These are they who would r Amadeus, brother of the King of Italy. safe to say that Amadeus is not lending his aid to these schemes, for during the few years he occupied the throne of Spain in the early seventies his life was mado so insupportable that he voluntarily adbicated. Last of all. there are the republicans, who are constantly gaining ground, getting recruits ° ALFONSO AT THE AGE OF Two, from all parties and sapping the out of mouarchical institutions, The royalist parties, after all, are only the split up sections of oppo- sition to the republican sentiment that now pervades every grade of society. Not a sing! section can ever hope, except temporarily, to accomplish more than to muke insecure the ex- isting form of government, which will ulti- mately become republican. I say ultimately, for at present the republi- can party in Spain isa house divided against itself. Every shade of opinion is to be found in the ranks. Some of the ablest leaders are in favor of a democracy of the provinces, such as exists in the United States; others want a cen- alized government like that of France; still others would establish « limited monarchy, th general” suffrage, similar to the plan of Great Britain. The main point about the re- publicans, however, is that these clements are not essentially antagonistic, as is true of {he royalist patties, out all are openly. seeking fer more light on the one question of profound importance—political liberty, Any crisis will bring them together for thie common cause, and each is ready to learn and to make conces- sions, For the maneuvering of all these movements the Catholic clergy is to almost the last man devoted to the cause of Don Carlos, The mon- arch de facto is backed by the ministry and their war machine, the cortes, for intimida- tion, bribers and even assassination if neces- sary. ‘The republicans are managed from Paris by Don Manuel Ruiz Zorilla, who has been in exile since the restoration of Alfonso XII in 1874. It is Senor Zorilla’s mission in life to harmo- nize all the clements of republicanism that exist in Spain. So well has his work been done that men of all shades of liberal opinion are ready, upon any crisis, to forma provisional govern- ment which should submit a now consti to the suffrages of the peoy would make a desperate fight involve the country in a civil war, but their causes are hopeless for the reason’ that they could never be got to unite on any one indi- vidual, JH AL The Canal Company Not Implicated, Ex-Senator Warner Miller denies that the Nicaragua Canal Company is interested in any way in the revolution which is now in progress in Nicaragua. He says that the company has never mixed up in any way, directly or indirectly, in the politics of the country, Mr. Miller further said that there was no reason why the Nicaraguan minister's accusa- tions against American capitalists should be taken to apply to the Nicaragua Canal Com- pany. “Our hands aro clean,” said ex-Senator Miller, “and Ido not know to whom the re- marks of the minister refer. There are other American enterprises, those of railroads and steamship companies, that have received concessions from Nicaraguan government, and __ possibly one of them may have offended. The canal company has had nothing to do with the revo- lutionists in any way. We have had no informa- tion of the outbreak og the subsequent success of the rebellion excepting through the newspapers. Not the slightest attempt has been made to interfere in the political affairs of the republic by us. On the contrary, the company has always been careful to avoid most scrupulously anything that might be con- strued as foreign interference. We have relied entireiy on existing rights conferred on us by the Nicaraguan government and international tweaty obligations.” Mr. Miller said his company apprehended no trouble, as all Nicaraguans were in favor of the canal enterprise. If there should be any trouble Mr. Miller was of the opinion that the vested rights of the company and the treaty of 1876 with America would protect it. The treaty made it obligatory on the Nicaraguan government to protect the lives and property of American citizen ————— Charged With Stealing a Countess’ Jewels. James White, a bookmaker, was arrested at the Euston station, London, Thursday evening on the charge of having been concerned in the robbery of jewels valued at 700,000 francs from the palace of the Count and Countess of Flanders on February 1, while they were attending a court ball. Sir John Bridge yesterday, atthe Bow street extradition court, remanded him for examination. soe Kefanding Catholic Knights’ Money. ‘The supreme council of the Catholic Knights resolved itself into a committee of the whole yesterday morning at Chicago to con- sider recommendations of the law committee. | Missouri's amendment changing the class of bonds in which the sinking fund shall be in- vested to United States bonds was adopted by a | vote of 28 to ‘the he was trying to personate the 48 OOCTBEER EXTRACT = For making Rootbeer at home. It is a significant fact, that the tract is unapproached by any of its Whereas, NONE SO GooD. and Druggists, 25 FRAUDS IN PENSIONS. Queer Swindles at the Government's Expense. THOUSANDS OF ATTORNEYS. es True Tales That Read Like Romances—A Man Who Drew Twenty-Four Bogus Pen- sions — Two Long-Lost Husbands — Fake Disabilities — Cheating by Personation — Thousands of Successful Frauds. a tipeemeedt HE FILES OF THE pension bureau are filled with romances. Not afew of them are | stories of bold and in- genious frauds, per- petrated at Uncle Sam’ expense. One of the most remarkable of these was conducted right bere in Washing- ton by a man who se- cured for himself and a confederate the pro- ceeds of twenty-four bogus pensions. This person was a clerk in tho pension office. He rendered himself conspicuous by attention to duty, staying long after hours every day. This extra time he devoted to searching the files for widows’ claims which had been aban- doned. He was in collusion with an individual outside. The latter would hir> a woman for #2 to personate a widow in the category mentioned. To earn this «mall sum, the woman would bring two other persons to swear that she had never remarricd. It was a great deal of perjury for very little money. In each case the confederate would draw the pension of $12. month, re- taining the certificate. This highly original game was worked until be held twenty-four cer- tificates, good for #144 each per annum, which represented to himeelf and his friend in the pension officean annual income of €3,456. When the conspiracy was discovered, the clerk disap- peared and was not captured.” The other man got three years in the penitentiary. FOUND HER HUSBAND. ‘Two years ago a supposed widow in Michigan applied for a pension, claiming that ber bus- band had died ina confederate prison. She was entirely honest. Nevertheless, it was found on searching'the records that the man was not dead. On the contrary, he was living near Asheville and was himself drawing a pension for disability. He had been confined in a southern prison, and during his incarceration he and other captive Union soldiers were visited by charitable ladies in the neighborhood. Among the latter was a susceptible young woman who fell in love with him. After his release, instead of going home, he decided to begin life again on a new plan. He stayed where he was and married the girl. On look- ing the matter up it was found that the delin- quent was one of the most highly respected people in his vicinity. He bad a hat store, did & good business and was looked up to by every- body. The pension bureau could not stop his money allowance. It simply notified the former wife that her husband was alive and told her where he was living, leaving the drama to work itself out. In another care the claimant was an old sol- dier, living in Somerset county, Pa. He stated that'he had incurred disubling injury of the nature of a rupture while in the service. The records shows that he was honorabiy dis- charged on account of thistrouble, Neverthe- less suspicion was roused, though everything seemed as straight ax possible. Mr. D. I. Mur- phy, the present acting commissioner of pen- sions, went to see the man. He was a big, hearty-looking fellow. Though he answered all questions satisfactorily a lingering doubt was still felt. On investigation it was discovered | that the whole affair wasafraud. The wit-| nesses who had indorsed the application had been bullied and terrorized into doing #0. The truth was that the applicant had proved | himself an arrant coward while in the service. One night he said to his tent mates that be | would not stand up and be shot at. He even boasted to them of the scheme which he pro- ceeded topat into practice. By an ingenious artifice, which must have cost him indeserib- able agony. he produced temporarily the ap- rance of a frightful injury. When he ex- ibited himeelf to the surgeons they were hor- rifled, and on their recommendation be obtained his discharge at once, When he applied for a pension, before going before the examining board of physicians, he repeated the operation re- ferred to, again bringing about the shocki condition described. They also were decei and indorsed his statement. If the «windle had been finally carried through he would have got several thousand dollars tn arrears, besides ‘an allowance monthly for life. PERSUADED THE WIDOW. Not long ago a widow of @ Union soldier ap- plied for a pension. The records showed that her husband had been killed in an carly battle of the rebellion. Afterward along came an ap- plication from the soldier himself for an ailow- ance for disability. He declared that, instead of being killed, he bad been captured and con- fined for & long period in southern prisons, “As a warn ted ey ome mee mentally and shysicaily. Papers in both cases being be- Tore the ‘penaion office simultancously, a sjecial examiner was sent to look them up. He took the man to Iilinoir, where he was supposed to have lived when young, but the testimony of neighbors proved that he was afrand. In fact, dead soldier, whom he must have been acquainted with. Meanwhile he had actually persuaded the widow that he was her long-lost husband. Finally he confessed. At present he is in prison awaiting re One of the queerest frauds of the thousands which bave come under the notiee of the pen- sion bureau was the caso of a very old man who claimed to have served in the war of 1812. In three or four depositions made at different | times he did not give the same namo in any two instances. did not excite suspicion, because he was very feeble and it was supposed that his memory was bad. However, it was found at length that he was trying to personate | js an elder brother, who really had fought in the confiet referred to. The special examiner ap- pointed to look into the matter was still mach mystified when on a certain ev he was discussing the subject with the su; vet- eran at tho home of the Jatter. During the conversation the government official had a no- tion that somebody was listening on the out- side of the sitting room door. In the midst of ita pretty young girl burst in sobbing and, throwing herself upon the old man’s neck, said. “Grandpa, tell the trath. It was your brother and not yourself who served in the war.” ‘Thereupon the ancient claimant owned that this was the fact and confessed that an attorney in bis neighborhood had induced him to make the misrepresentation. ‘On another occasion # claimant residing at Cannonsburg, Penn., applied for a pension for disability incurred during the rebellion. He represented that, in a hand-to-hand conflict, be had been struck ‘by a clubbed musket on ‘the shoulder. Asa result bis left arm was with- ered. This person was» prominent man in bis, neighborhood. A special examiner went to bis home and took his deposition. There was no suspicion that anything was wrong. However, on being asked for the names of comrades who had witnessed the infliction of the injury, he could not give oue, though he had degree of concentration imitators, the twenty-five cent bottle of napps attained by this ex- Knapp’s Rootbeer Extract will sigee bale of any int exe NONE GOES SO FAR. cents, One bottle makes 6 gallons, davit paper with statements fight and the wound received. Was a pure invention. In tru had got his hurt by falling off two-story house oot ate was in process of A TEMPTATION TO DEFRAUD. The crop of fraudulent pensions has been large. This is notat all surprising, consider- ing bow easy such cheats have been made. advising bi ‘The ex-bounty | most attractive. | ernment would be very | he replies to the circular, stating his | in the war and the nature of his disabilities, | Respecting the latter he can speak earnestly, his constitution being thoroughly undermined by alcohol. The attorney makes out a form of | application and sends it to him for execution | before a notary or magistrate. The statement thus sworn to is forwarded through | Bey to the pension buresu. The case is re- | corded and given a place on the files, and in | due course the claimant 1s ordered up for board of examin- i Siret payment of pension by the United States sion agent and is forwarded to the | by draft. The latter can in no instance exux | more than €10, and the claimant is #0 notified. Nevertheless, illegal fees bave frequently been extorted from pensiopers. It iss risky busi- ness. Any attorney ete te disbarred escape ku’ of the single ex-soldier will receive as many as & dozen circulars of the kind referred to inside of 110 special examiners in different country, to ties which they visit as to the existence of euch cheats, It is a part of their regular ing ony in to ‘applications for asions. ‘They will ask every such wituess if wd vd she knows of anybody who is = to jrawing « pension fraudalently. ‘thus learned off wil be fally investigated. in every important town there is at least one of examining surgeons trol over decisions. The democrats complain that under Mr. Harrison's regime they were allowed no representation whatever.every board being exclusively republican. Many ebanges in the personnel of the boards are soon to be made. The new mea will be instructed to make the examinations much more strict. Ther j ill inquire of all applicants as to reported fraudulent pensioners. Furthermore, by a new rule of the pension bureau. every claimant un- der the law of 1590 must furnish the affidavits of two credible witnesses as to whether his disabilities are due to vicious babits or not ‘These things have never been done bitberto. To the same end the pension burean will utilize postmasters all over the country, par- ticularly in small places. At the post offices in little towns neighborhood, scandals of every sort are talked over and the local pensioners are well known. The postmasters will be re- quested to give information of cases to be fraudulent. In addition to these mens- ures thousands of cases whe: sions at high | rates have been allowed F"be withdrewn from the files in Washington for re-examina- tion. According to the pension law of 1890, which granted from §6 to €12 a month for claimant in order to obtain the such cases approved dur ing the last four years more than 300,000 got the maximum of $144.0 year. Before the law of 1890 went into effect there were only afew over 400,000 pensioners on the roils; now there are 958.000. This law cost the government more than 100,000,000 last yoar. The demo- crats claim that of this vast sum 20,000,000 Tas expended illegalis, the object held in view being to grind ont as many pensions as possi- te tithe ® minimum p fms in im claims, Thus, it is alleged, has come about a condition of affairs which obliges the United States to spend more money annually on ao- ee of war 7 — led = the armed nations of Europe. Hence of the treasury and the present Gosnotel crisia! Thirty-two Seconds. From the New York Sun. They were time enough yesterday for a New York Central locomotive togoa mile in. That is 1125 miles an hour! ‘This is just about three times as fast as the fastest horse, Salvator. It is five and a balf times as fastas a human sprinter, tried for the hort distance of a bundred yards. It casts achill upon the ambition of the steam- ers which of late days have taken on the old- fashioned railroad speed of nearly thirty miles an hour, and itis a bid of defiance to the rapidly expanding power of electricity, which for some time been thi to drive trains at something like 150 miles am hour, or as fast as the unexperienced stmos- \heric conditions that wait to encounter bodies ving along the earth's surface at that rate will allow. It is a glorious achievement, pessimist ask, tell him to turn troglodyte at once, and take @ running jump beyond the pale of invention and civilization. As we long to see the troticr bring the mile record from 2.04 to an even two minutes, this ‘engine, No. 999, has filled us with « burning desire to see ite mile mark put at just thirty seconds. We shall not have long to wait, A Sure Sign. From Trath. ‘Miss Summit—‘I invited some of my girl friends around last night and we had a delight ful card party.” Dashaway—“Yes, I passed the house during the evening. You were playing whist, were you not?” did you guess? ame ‘You were making so much noise.” [ee MENTAL exhaustion and brain —— Promptly cured by