Evening Star Newspaper, May 1, 1893, Page 7

WASHINGTON, D. C., MONDAY, MAY 1. 1893—T 'WELVE PAGES. a a a te ee Naval. Cartas aus Pier. Tiinois. Fisheries, U. 8. Government. Manu ‘actares and Liberal Arta ageiicas: Woman's Horticulture. ‘Vrans; ortation. ae ee Avpro ministration Machinery. BIRD: EYE VIEW OF THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION, On the Grounds of the Great White City, ee THE EXPOSITION OPENED, Crowds View the Me-| morial of Columbus. WHAT WAS SEEN IN THE VARIOUS BUILDINGS. An Undertaking That Has Cost $18,000,000, THE EXHIBITIONS AT PHILADEL- PHIA AND PARIS SURPASSED. Curcaae, May 1.—Representatives of all na- tions elbowed one another in the broad avenues of the great white city today. from the shores of the Bosphorus walked side by side with their traditional enemies, the fierce Cossacks of the Don; sooty Nubians jostled yellow Lascars; subjects of the shah hobnobbed with denizens of the land of the white elephant; the Esquimaux—children of the frozen north— sauntered through the long reach of roadway, gazing curionsly at the Javanese, whose home fx nenr the equator. It was a congress of na- tions, Of course Great Britain and continental En- Tope were the most {strongly represented. ‘There was glitter of foreign uniforms and gold and lace in every corner, and every third man worea decoration. There were Germans, Frenchmen, Russians, Austrians. Spain, which claims the chief glozy of the Columbian era in right of Ferdinand and Isabella, who seut the greatadmiral forth on his quest, divided the honors with Italy, which claims his birthplace. Above the heads of the throng floated the flags of all nations. The Union Inck of old Engiand swung side by side with the tri-color of France; the red and yellow of Spain was everswhere, and the Austrian eagles flew on the breeze along with those of Russia. China's yellow dragon pennant, the sun flag of Uruguay, the Geneva cross of the Swiss repub- the star and crescent of the sublime porte, the lion of Persia, the island banner of Hawaii, soon, perhaps, to disappear forever. all these were there; and floating above them all tie standard of the great republic, the stars and stripes, «napped in the breeze, a symbol of tib- erty and asylum to the oppressed of the whole earth. BRIEF EXERCISES ENJOYED. The wisdom of the committee on ceremonies the opening exercises as brief as nt Noone was ina hemor speeches or flowery dissert That sort of thing was well gh at the dedication exercises last October, but today every one was anxious to begin the inspection of the great exposition, and the crowds that ebbed and flowed through the buildings and avenues was an earnest of the multitudes vet to come wher the pilzrimage to the Mecca of civ- ilization should have been fairly beg Ot course, every one who could do so listened with attention and respect to President Cleve- land, but there was an evident disposition to commence sightseeing as <oon ax possible. The n notables who bobbed up in every diree- tion were therefore not molested by curious crowds. although here and there a knot of peo- ple would be attracced by unusually fantas- ‘ic costume or gorgeous uniform. NOT YET COMPLETE. In the presence of the aggregation of stately Structures that lined the lake shore and clus- tered around the lagoons, however, no one cared to look at an outlandish dress or a strange face for longer than a moment. There was too much tobe seen in the buildings. It is trae Swarthy Turks | T | who swelled the throng that had gathered from | the streets and highways of the garden eity and | joined in the opening of the big show. GREAT Day FoR THE ciILDRES It was a great day for the rising generation. | It seemed almost incredible that so many ebil- dren could be got together even in Chicago, {and the independent spirit of young America Was manifested in the fact that most of the youngsters seemed to be unaccompanied by their parents or older persons. Thev swarmed | through the big buildings, got themselves | tangled up in all sorts of unexpected places and | made the lives of the Columbian guards miser- able from daylight to dark. They took the big battle «hip by storm; they sacked the convent of La Rabida: and they invaded the sacred of the Mohammedan mosque. They | verywhere at once. and no doubt saw as much of the interesting features of twi the exposition as any mature person did. CROWDS WELL HANDLED. All the arrangements for bandling the crowds ; Were excellent. The gates were at no time | ¢hoked and the throng pasted into the grounds | With lees trouble than is often experienced at a | theater or other place of entertainment. ‘Throughout the grounds were distributed the world’s fair police, or Columbian guards, as | they are called. They were of vulue in direct ing the movements of the people when a/ | blockade was threatened, and their services | were occasionally eniled into requisition to | clear the way for a passing vehicle connected | with the police department or the sanitary de- partment of the exposition. Considering the | throng. there were surprisingly few accidents of a serious character, however, and the ambu- lances were seldom called into requisition, TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES, The transportation facilities, while not yet completed to their highest capacity, were fairly adequate. The people, too, made the task of ithe railroads easy by starting early. Even in ‘the early morning the down-town streets were filled with peopie headed for Jackson Park. These were easily taken care of. As the fore- noon wore on the crowd swelled, and by 10 | o'clock the human current was ai the flood. The crowds did not depend upon the public | transportation lines, however. They came in every conceivable fachion—on foot, on bicycles, in carts, carriages, band wagons,’ street cars, railroads and steamboats. Anything on wheels if on land, or anything that would float, if on the water, was utilized, QUEERLY ASSORTED GRocPS, There were some queeriy assorted groups. On one of the eariy Ilmois Central trains, in the same coach, were a merchant from Bagdad | with his two turbaned attendants, a group of | Prussian metal workers, a squad of English | ee Armenian gymnasts from the | y ance, several malodorous and; chattering Cingalese, and Mr. William F. Cody, | better known as “Buffalo Bili,” who, by the | way, attracted as much attention today as any | pasha with three tails or other foreign notable | on the grounds, Another car held a party of Arab donkey drivers, who divided the honors with three | Hindoo snake charmers from upper India, in the eyes of a family from Missouri, consisting | of father, mother and five children. The cle- vated road carried similar incongruous groups, and the cable cars resounded all day with the tongues of al) nations. GETTING AROUND THE GROUNDS. Inside the grounds the facilities for getting around were varied. Most of the people, of course, walked; but for those who preferred to utilize other modes of locomotion there were | the wheeled chairs, which conveved the sight- | seer by land or the electric latuches and other | craft which cruised throngh the lagoons and | passing on the route ail the principal | ‘and points of attraction. Of course | such a multitude was hungry and thirsty and the thousand-and-one restaurants and refi ment bars scattered through the grounds did a thriving bu-iness. Outside the walls of the fair proper, too, | there was the same shifting, ever-changing crowd of curiosity seekers. IN MIDWAY PLAISANCE. In the midway plaisance the varions villages | were crowded all 1 | | I | sults of intricate macbinet ay and the booths and shows | by 420 feet. of iron and glass, surmounted by majestic dome and bearing a strong resem- Dlance to the National Museum and other gov- ernment buildings at the national capital. From an educational point of view the exhibit is of incalculable value and importance, in the fact that 1t will afford to millions who have never Visited the national capital, and probably never will, an opportunity of observing and studying the processes of each department of the ernment and of looking upon some of its pric Jess treasures. ‘The cardinal motive prompting the exhibit is to deepen and intensify the popular interest in public affairs, and to that end the services and exertions of the chief workers and thinkers of every branch of the executive government have been largely devoted for over two years. Every section is a school of instruction. WORK OF THE MINT. ‘The mint, for instance, has presses in opera- tion, striking medals of copper, bronze and white metal. Within heavily wired glass cases are the original proofs of all the coins, paper currency, certificates, bonds and other evi- | dences of indebtedness covering the period from the year of the Declaration of Independ- ence to the last bond or note issued from the United States treasury. ‘There is a working post office in operation and an elzborate display of all articles relating to the postal equipment, not only of this coun- try, but of nearly ail of the foreign powers em- braced in the postal unton. The largest section is that devoted to the De- partment of Agriculture,and which shows mod- els of fruits, cereals, ‘animal and vegetable fibers, collections of insects beneficial and inju- rious to agriculture, models of western methods of irrigation and « complete agricultural labor- atory, with daily demonstrations of food adul- teration. ‘The Interior Department shows the resources of its undeveloped territory, while the State Department contributes an immense amount of historical data which demonstrates the rapid ter ritoreal growth of the country. Foreign visitors of military inclinations are afforded food for thought in the extensive exhibit of the War Department, and which is fully illustrative of all the devices employed in the United States army. For the student there are valuable ex- hibits from the historical collections of the National Museum and the Smithsonian Ins tution, while the development of the edu- cational facilities of the country is abundantly evidenced through the bureau of education. LIFE-SAVING SERVICE. Under the auspices of the Treasury Depart- ment are a life-saving service, fully equipped with apparatus and men, a tight house con- structed after the latest and most approved plans and a demonstration of the methods in vogue in the bureau of internal revenue. There is a mod hospital service, and whi ical use in caring for victims of sickness or casualties. The pat- ent office section illustrates clearly and lucidly the marvelous rate of progress in invention of the present age and the fostering influence of the American patent system in this regard, | while the system pursued by the government in the direction of civilizing its Indian wards is exemplified by an Indian boarding school in fall operation, with boys and girls studying, working, cooking and playing, and generally illustrating life uoou an Yndian Teservation. MANUFACTURES AND LIBERAL ARTS. A Great Building Filled With the Products of Every Known Land. Curcaco, May 1.—Colossal yet symmetrical in design, scope and proportions, the manu- factures building looms up before the visitor the leviathan of world’s fair structures. Forty acres of floor space are hero devoted to the most representative products of the world’s skilled lnbor. Whether handiwork or the re- ¥ the display of the product of human ingennity has here reached its culminating point. comparison with previous expositions can be drawn in the case of this department, because none other has ever bad such space, such asetting or such mag- nificent surroundings, Great as the space is it has proved scarcely on the fringe of the fair were never empts | The leather-lunged side show “blower” was in | | his glory, and all the familiar old attractions of | the cireus and Conev Island were to be seen on | every side, not a whit abashed by their close | proximity to the most stupendous show the world has ever seen. | All day long the crowds ebbed_and flowed in and about the big structures. Witi most peo- ple the ¥ was to determine where to com ton ot nik boasting before night | at evening still, wandering sles of the first building they had 1" foun: m: through th | i SITION VISITORS. d_ exposition-goers who had vise ited Paris, Philadelphia and Vienna mapped out their plan of cam: e \ catalogue in hand, one department with the <upin t There exainil . ral effec! P exposition. fini-hing tou to the baildi y in place, the ayst % will begin in earnest and there will » hasty rush through the grounds, cept by those whose time is limited to a day or two, ei matic that the exhibits are not yet by any means | THE CRowbs THIN ovT. complete. They have not arrived «o rapidly was expected, and the work of classification has been somewhat delayed. Stili, with all these drawbacks, the attractions are said to be almost equal to those of any previous exposi- tion in its completed state. Satisfactory as this coudition of affairs is, yet contrasted with the display which will greet the visitor a few days hence, that of today will be remembered only +a prologue to one of the most instruct- iv bewildering spectacles in the history of the world. _It is safe to say, however, that none of the Viritors today were dissatisfied with what they From the f building on the south “ fat the extreme north- ern limit of the grounds, there was a stiecession of strange and novel <ights, m ‘ing multitudes a display of the resour. nd products of ation stich as bas never before been col- in one place. & Goon. crowd was ag ATURED cRowD. d-natured on Of course, some of the inconve comfort inseparable fr There was, ce and dix a large gathering, and es curiosity to see ail that was to be seen overcame good manners; but as a rule there was disposition to give all an equal chance. and there was no disorderly rushing into forbidden quarters or ill-natured com- ye trifling inconveniences which ne. om the foreigners, who, after all, aemall on of the crowd, the f the multitude was ma were & * This wax to ths partiaiic untini show and further fact ‘ospective visitors from othe their arran, exposition Chicago, however, had evidenti off in honor of the event, highly gratifving, not ts, but also in make-up. | d states were not by any 1, however. Special trains ato the city thousands of sightseers, athe | Itwaslate before the crowd which came early began to thin out. They dropped off quietly at first in fittle groups, and those who left thus early avoided the crush which began when the mass of visitors begun to move toward ation comp: the gates. ‘The tra es were valied upon to ba masse n was the case in the forenoon, and as a re- tl sult there was more or less erowding and confusion. THE GOVERNM | Uncie* Sam's Exhibit Complete—A Creait- | | able Display. i } Curcaco, May 1.—Due largely to the admin- | istrative capacity and military precision that | obtains in the conduct of affairs governmental the section assigned to the government of the United Ststes has been practically in a com- pleted condition for several days, and this morning with every deparcment in good order its doors were opened to the army of sightseers. It is without question the most comprehensive and compiete exhibit of the character, purposes and scope of the various departments of the administrative branch of a great country that has ever been attempted by any nation, © attempt was made government of Fi to arrange a collective departmental exhibit at the Paris e: igh some of its bureaus were inci‘lentaliy represented on minor seale in various sections devoted to eral displays, There was a pretentious toward government displ. at the sition, but both the building Fairmount Park and its contents were insignificant as compared with the crea- tion of today. LIKE THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. Philadelphia's structure was simply an elabo- rate shed of wood and glass, while the govern- ment building at Jackson Park is an ornate and imposing structure, covering 3 ground area 350 -tenth the amount that would have been ry to satisfy the demands of would-b ots. The rush of applications has far y other department, and nto discriminate in favor rather than quantity. Tbe amount granied to foreign governments was so large that the monster floor of e building bas little more than one-fourth of its spnco ailotted to United States exhibits. Nevertheless it is the greatest showing in man- ulactures that the United States has ever at- tempted, INTELIOR ARRANGEMENT. The exterior architecture of the vast buildi as been Ko often described that the public is iar with its gigantic proportions from the outside. Inside, however to day's crowd of visitors exeveded that in the problem has b of quality of space stood amazed. Streets and avenues are [nid out im the usual form of » model city Along these interior thoroughfares cimens of architecture by the world'* most mons designers vie with one another at every Miniature temples, kiosks, pavilions Larches of every © meet the k- every nd uniqu { for much in design as to make. th In th the German ian and Cey- booths and pavilions are fre- I. of design and execution. Among th» domestic exhibits, too, there are ficent pavilions which challenge com- parison with the finest in the foreign groups. POUR LARGE GROUPES. On the floor of the building are collected our large groups or subdivisions, These are divided into 200 or more of the leading in- dustries. Encireling the vast structure on all jour sides are spaces devoted to — offices, staurants, concessions and various appliances for public comfort. There are continuous promenades outside in the covered loggia. Every known convemence has been provided. ater of the building. along Columbia there is a series of elevators to carry passengers to the outside of the m feet above the floor, where a promenad extends around all four sides of the build- ing. giving a continuous walk of over aimile and a half in making the circuit of the building. EXIIBITS MOSTLY IN PAVILIONS. But if the building is magnificent what shall be said of the exhibits installed therein, upon which the throngs today gazed in amazemen Here the richest products of skilled labor fr every ciime are gathered in end! Most of the exhibits are house: thirty m 88 profusion, a prevailing key thre rman exhibit the pr renaissance of architecture, tion Thos in wiling style is the the rococo de quently gorgeous and profuse. exhtbit, on the sectional diago- nally opposite, the architecture is severely classic throughout. In tl glish section and | also in the U tes section this uniformity | alihough there are many | individ of great beaut, ‘The entire ground floor, with the exception | of the space devoted to the piano exhibit in the liberal arte department, is given up to manu- factures. There is slso.a small portion of the galleries devoted tu manufactures, but the greater part of the gallery space is allotted to the liberal arts exhibit. ur great nations— Germany, France.Creat Britain and the United States—are grouped in the center of the main floor. The quadrangle formed by these sections has acentral point where all four meet. This point is exactly in the center of the butding. From these four great sections radiate the lesser exhibits. The Austrians are, appropri- ately enough, next neighbors to the Germans, Beyond Austria is Japan. South of the French section is Belgium, and still further south is | Russia and small spaces allotted to Norway and | China. South of Great Britain are the exhibit | of the col including Canada, New South Wales, India, Cevlon and Jamaica. South of the British colonies still are the sections de- | voted to Spain and Spanish-American coun- tries, Italy, the Netherlands, Mexico, Persia, Brazil, Portugal. Greece, Denmark, ‘Switzer | Iand and other nationalities. Other exhibits are scattered through the building wherever the space has been found available. BEYOND COMPARISON. Space is lacking, however, to tell, however in- adequately, of the wonders of this building, in- complete though it 1 in some of its details. To attempt the task would be but to inv failure. It is enough to say that as it stands today the spectacle is one that dwarfs to in- direction, and that when all the exhibits have been properly arranged—a task which will probably be accomplished within a few days— the ensemble will be one which will not be equaled for a century to come. ADMINISTRATION, The Brain of the Exposition— How the Great Show is Managed. Carcago, May 1.—The heart, or perhaps it would be more proper to say the brain, of the exposition is located in the administration building, which all day today was a scene of activity only slightly interfered with by the throngs of sightseers who crowded through its halls and peered into its rooms and offices. From this building all the operations of the great show are directed, and it has been the scene during the past few months of unre- mitting and intelligent effort, the effects of which are seen today in the mass of noble structures and sightly avenues composing the world’s Columbian exposition. ‘The building occupies the most commanding position on the grounds, and although it oc- cupies little space, as compared with its giant neighbors, the manufactures, machinery and agricultural buildings, it 1s one of the finest architectural achievements within the inclosure, itis in the form of four pavilions, 84 feet <quare, covered and connected by a great cen- tral dome 120 feet in diameter and 250 feet Lagh. MAGNIFICENT INTERIOR DECORATION. In its intsrior it is the gem of ail the worl fsir buildings. In no other buiiding is there so much magnificent decoration. To briefly describe the ornamentation of the dome alone, with its innumerable bronze bas-reliefs and decorated panels, wonid require columns of space, and to do justice to Dodge's great pic- ture, “The Glorification of the Arts and Sciences,” which covers the upper and outer dome, would require columns more." It must be seen to be appreciated. significance all previous efforts in the same | {during the last fifty years than that relating to | the cultivation of the soil. | from the hand sickle, or the development of a | twelve-gang plow from a forked stick. Every | one who views the exhibit is struck with its vastness, and its value as an educational factor in the development of the great tract of coun- try still unbroken on the western prairies. The exhibit, too, hus the merit of being practically | complete, Russia, the wheat field of Europe, has the largest space, her exhibit occupying nearly 10,000 feet, most of which is devoted to wheat. Two British dependencies, Australia and Canada, are next in size, their respective exnibits taking up nearly 7,000 feet each. Geor- many, too, is well represented, and Brazil has transferred her entire national exhibit from Isst year's exposition at Rio de Janeiro to the | floor of agricultural ball. Coffee is the staple jof the Brazilian show, and it is in evidence from the bud stage until it reaches the break- fast table. France displays a model farm on small scale; Japan's specialty is tea; China, too, shows tea, with a large display of rice, and all the nations of the earth unite in displaying attractive manner. The south h: U voted to the Corn is king in the Iowa section; booth is covered arranged ‘olored layers; North Dakota makes a conspicuous showing of her wheat; Louisiana displays her cotton, and Kentucky All of the states and territories on the main floor have devoted their energies to making a typical crop exhibit. to showing the raw product, ‘The galleries, however, have been set apart for American exhibition of food products in their manufactured form. The northeast cor- ner displays cereals, starches, canned goods, phosphates, ke. Tie southwest section is given up to tobaccos, mineral waters and liquors. In the northwest section are biscuits, sugars and confections, and in the southwest corner Uncle Sam has established a model agricultural ex- ae station, The brewers have monopo- ized the entire west gallery, while agricultaral implements and machinery in bewildering va- riety are found in the annex. MINES AND MINING, A Complete and Interesting Display of Metals and Minerals Generally. Curcaco,May 1.—Of all the buildings opened to the public today that of the mines and min- ing exhibit is probably the most completa, As @ matter of fact it is ready for inspection in all its parts, The display is interesting and em- braces ores and associated minerals, industrial minerals, metals, quarrying, mining and redac- ing machinery and appl: ‘The exhibit is scientifically arranged with regard to detail and the system ix perfect. Foreign countries oc- cupy the ground floor space west of ‘Boullion boulevard,” the principal avenue of the build- | ing, and the United States is given that part 1 | ‘The building itself bas been divided with a view to the greatest convenience and at the same time the utmost economy of spac the grow or of pavilion "A" wre f of the two telegraph panies—the Western | Union and the Postal—the receiving co ja. On the first | of which front on the | tloor : of we the q | mission, he used as oi | the ground floor of pavi j the secre: hud bi | whose labor mal world’s p floor is © visiting of fur com- pied, but es tals. | joining: room: j tloor the bur. On the next ology is located, FoR NEWSPAPER MEN. ‘The ground floor of pavilion * given up entirely to the press associations, The United Press has estublished a world’s fair burea MACHI having the east frontage. plays in miving machine st side of the gallery and occupy ngth of the building. FOREIGN PXUIUITS, In the foreign department are many notable exhibits, Mexico bas for the most part a col lection of minerals and metals gotten up by the different states of that country, the whole be g displived in enses of bronze, Cape Colon: { Brazil have exhibits of gems, and the Col- acliamond from the rough to the shows large iron and steel nd other material cut into which are polished and used in tion towers, A collection o = VERY HALL. are grou ed under small making exhil v, ie also ature of ing the World,” made of jes a large space among its various provinces, while New South Wales gives an elaborate display of copper and tin ingota | made into arches aud cther strve ures, France showsaspbalt and cements, of which materials Enligh salt, Canada diy her pavilion is constructed. Honduras presents was in 1785 that Watt completed his model of representation of the art of the world that has an opalescent grotto and shows the taking out, polishing and finishing of opal But it is not farmers alone who are inter- | | ested in tracing the evolution of the self-binder | the choicest products of the soil in the most | in with glass-covered panels of seeds and grains | outstrips the world with her exhibit of tobacco, | ‘They confine themselves | The individual dis- ! telephone that aponderous piece of mechanism or block of wood in some part of the building needs a “hoist” or “carry.” A few gangs of men are still at work putting up highly polished hand rails around numerous sections. Others are unpacking a tardy arrival of exhibits. Managers and messengers are moving hurriedly through the building, giving orders and gain ing intelligence of affairs, and the show in ma- chinery hall, while not complete, may be said to invite inspection, LIKE THREE TRAIX SHEDS. The building and its annex, which combined measure 492 by 846 fect, much resemble three train sheds with glass roofs, placed side by side, the whole having a glass enpped dome for orn ment. ‘ihe exterior of the building is enriche by colonnades from designs following clo the renaissance of Seville and other Spanish towns as being appropriate tor a Columbian exposition. The structure is one of the beau- ties of the Jackson Park collection, and its style is distinet from that of any other build- ing. FOREIGN EXUIBITS. In this department America has honored her foreign guests by allotting them the most con- spicuous portion of the hall. England, France, Germany, Austria, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Bel- gium and New South Wales occupy three- fourths of the main floor section, while the United States sets forth her exhibit in the other quarter and in the annex. The United States, however, has three-quarters ax much exhibit room as all the others combined. Germany's show is magnificent, and embraces every fea- ture of machinery, from a simple lathe to the mammoth Krupp gun, the latter, however, b: ing a pavili itself im another part of the grounds. France has a splendid exhibit, and its directors were the recipients of many con- gratulations during the day. England is fur- ther behind with her display than any other country. The exhibitors were delayed by the non- arrival of their goods for ten days alter men | were here to work on them, and their exhibit is far from completion, The other countries show results of their resources and ingenuity in various forms, but are not quite ready to erdict passed upon them. Their dis- plays will be ready for inspection in every de- tail in a few days. ‘The American section is a wonder and a de- light to all visitors. Everything is in splendid shape, and when the doors were thrown open today’ the machinery was moving with « perfeo- tion attainable only by two weeks of prelimi- nary running. ‘A DAILY NEWSPAPER, Printing and perfecting presses grace the head of the department. Here is issued daily a newspaper, of which each Chicago daily con- tributes a page. All information pertaining to the world’s fair, such as announcements, meet- ings, official news of all kinds and time ‘tables, is published, together with local and domestic news aud intelligence from all parts of the | world. All manner of engines are shown, and never before was seen such a display of high- speed engines, and all power used in generating clectricity and. heavy cngines used it factorion, Fifty great boilers are banked in an oblong power house immediately adjoining the hall on the sonth and running its entire length. Tubu- lar safety boilers only aro used and coal for fuel has been replaced by crude petroleum, which, in being forced under the boilers by steam, is atomized, making the best heat known. FAR AHEAD OF THE CENTENNIAL. The exhibit in machinery hall, taken collect- ively, is far ahead of the centennial, while Paris cannot be compared to it, A large number of American exhibitors and foreign countries which were not represented at the Paris expo- sition are here in force, and the scope of exhibits is much larger. Germany, which was rractically burred from Paris, is here, and by rect orders of Emperor Wilham ie given a display second to none in the great structure. England's show here is as large as at Paris, while France has done nobly. As a natural result of an exhibition in a country where al permitted to place the.r productions before visitors from every quarter of the globe, the work- ‘ manehip and ingenuity displayed in the manu- facture and application of all mechanical appli- ances reaches a high order, its equal being unknown to the nineteenth century. TRANSPORTATION, ‘The Evolution of the Modern Locomotive From the Rude Cart. Carcaco, May 1.—All colors save white have been exciuded in the decoration of all the world’s fair buildings save one. That excep- tion is the transportation building. On its ex- terior and interior every color in the spectrum bus been cailed into requisition, and these, with a_profusion of gold leaf, bave produced an effect as br tiful and artistic as it is striking. ‘The chief attraction, however, is not the build- ing f, but the exhibits which it contain: illustrating, as they do, every successive step in the evolution of iodern transportation facilities from the rude cart up to the modern locomotive and the ocean greyhound, A CHRONOLOGICAL ARRANGEMENT. A chronological arrangement has been pur- scope of the exhibit. From the origmal “‘plank stringer” tramway, laid in England in 1630, the visitor passes by the successive developments of “way leaves” used in 1738, the iron scant lings of 1760, the first cast-iron rails made in 1786 and the first tramway in the United States, built in 1809. At this point in the jo ney the visitor reaches the era of steam, for it represented. Ocean navigation is represented by models and charts, details of construction and colored prints. ‘Taken as a whole the transportation exhibit is an epitome of the labor and thought of hun- dreds of years. Standing in one part of the building the visitor will, to all intents and pur- poses, be in the middle of the seventeenth cen- tury. A few steps in one direction will take him back a hundred years, and an equally «hort journey wil: transport him into the atmosphere of the nineteenth century. For perfection and consistency of arrangement the exhibit ix a revelation to those who are accustomed to look Upon an exposition as an indiscriminate con- glomeration of the odds and ends of the earth spread out in an indiscrimiuate jumble for the inspection of the thousands, HORTICULTURE. Display of Flowers, Fruits and jants— Masses of Color. Curcaao, May 1.—Loversof flowers wandered through the horticulture building today unable to tear themselves away for the purpose of in- specting the other departments of the fair. Everybody found fresh revelations in the w. drous variety of favorite flowers and the tropi- cal verdure transplanted the visitor for the mo- ment to the sunny southland. Winding path- ways through the courts and curtains of the building led on to fresh revelations. Around the interior of the great dome, where a great gallery hangs ‘over the main floor, hundreds looked out upon vistas of verdure and brilliant color for hours at a time. Horticultural ball conteins much more fioot space than the combined areas of the horti- cultural buildings of the Philadelphia centen- nial, New Orleans and Paris. Exhibits in horti- culture are here from all over the globe. From far-away Australia, from Japan, from South America, from every European’ country and from every quarter of the North American continent have come the wealth of fruits and_ flowers peculiar to each locality, and the result | of the gathering was to entrance the visitor who today, for the first time, gazed upon the great collection. The dome is given up to the largest tree ferns, palms, bamboos and giant! cacti, The rear pavilion, or interior court, is| devoted to the exhibition of green fruits. The frqnt pavilion isin use altogether for fiori- culture. Looking from the dome either north or south, the view from any point is exceedingly pic- | turesque. Straight lines have been obliterated. The footways wind sround with charming effect, and at any point there is a continuous view through the whole front of the building. In the north pavilion are the foreign exhibits. There are magnificent tree ferns and tropical plants from Australia. Japan has about one- third of a section and Germany about the same. | Other prominent foreign exhibitors are Bel- gium, Great Britain and France, PERMANENT EXSIEITS. The central groups are permanent exhibits, | while the side groups, in the floriculture depart- | | ment, will contain the every-varying display of | | the seasons, There will be special days and | weeks for the display of certain flowers end | | plants, both indoors and outdoors, ‘Today's exhibition, in honor of the opening | | of the fair, was an immense display of rhodo- dendrons and azaleas. This will continue until | May 9,when there will be such a show of orchids | mericaus have never seen before. In June there will be dahlias, geranium, flowering an- nuals, ornamental, leaf plants and exotics, July will bring gloxeinias, calla, ornamental grasses, aquatics and exotics, while in Augast ornamen- Su. plants and roses will have sway. SPECIAL EXHIBITIONS. The special exhibitions wiil continue each month while theexposition lasts, The wineand , which are included jin this de- partment, are fully equal to the highest ex- pectations, and compare favorably with those of any previous exposition. ELECTRICITY, The Exhibit Incomplete, but Promise of Great Things. Crrcaco, May 1.—It is impossible to deny that the work in the electricity building is still along way from completion, and the building, as compared to most of the others, presents barren and empty aspect. The local board of | directors transferred to machinery hall the power plant, which occupies 180,000 square | feet of space, and much electric street railway material was assigned to the transportation building, and the space designed for it in the electricity was notagain allotted. Numerous consolidations of great electrical manufacturing companies during the last few months have necessarily combined exhibite also, with the result that much remains unoceapied. The work of setting up dynamos and other intricate machinery is slow, and it will be some time before this department will De xt its best. In the center of the buii by 60 feet, Edis giant column, painted white and thickly studded with’ incandescent lights. It is 100 feet high. The effect is splendid, but is fully appreciated only at night. The General Etec- | tric Company of New York has grouped ~ | hibit around the Edison column to a depth of | 100 feet. handsome house just inside the south main door, the Westinghouse and otber prominent companies being ranged along the main aisle. FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS’ EXHIBITS, A Beant! | Giving | The Bell Telephone Company has a+ according to their several needs, and it ix it nuficant of the universal interest’ manifested this department of the enterprise that littie Mexico has pre-empted some 1,500 feet, and utilized every foot of it upon tohang its paintings, It would require umns to even barely outline the gems of she AMERICAN ARTISTS. In the American section the most eminent of American artists and sculptors are well endl creditably represented. Among them are F, \ Millette, John 8. Sargent, W. M. Kenyon Cox, E. A. Abbey, J: | with, Dougias Volk, C.S. Reinhart, John ius Farge. Clide Ascom, Howard ‘Kretchmar, rado Taft and Johannes Gellert, The English exhibit includes over as in painting, sculpture, etching «nd rawing, black and white and water colors, ne nd all of which have passed the rigid examine | ation of a critical jury. Nearly all the acade~ | micinns and the regular contributors to #he | English galleries are represented, end some of the choicest exhibits bear the signatures of * GALLERY OF FINE ARTS. men whose names are known 3 it be for instance, Sir Frederic Leighton, Sir Jobn Gilbert, Sir John Millaia, Watts and Erckheimer, Leighton, who is a fine « sculptor as he is a painter. also Jeads in the collection of sculptures, with such noted manipulators of the chisel as Thorneyergft, McLean and Dressler for compan ‘The Gorman section ranks, even if it dese not ontrank, t ish. It occupies newtly the entire northwest rection of the buil and comprises the choicest and most treasures of the galleries of the Prince of Bavaria, the German National Gallery the Imperiai Academy. The paintings are principally in oil. although there sre some em quisite water colors, Belgium is represented by some 500 frames, many of them of consid> erabie size, the exhibit occupying five rooms im the main building, all devoted to oil, and gma in the rotunda given up to water colors. The land of Hembrandt contributes @ comm joan of art—as, | pleteand representative collection of Dutch art, which is of especial interest in view of the controversy now raging as to whether there are any colorists in the World that oxa equal those of Holland. Each picture tells its ttors without the necessity of referring to the catalogue or the information card. Here it is ‘& quaint old town on the Zayder Zee, here one of the picturesque meadows of Dutchland; here again some story of a simple, honest rustia, Pictares of rustic life, in fact, predominate. Quite a number of women are represented i= this collection, including Henrietta Rouner, the famous painter of cats. Miss Van Houten of cocoa fame has some very clever things on the walls and so has Frau Mesdag, wife of the ort commissioner for Holland, 4 GEM WoRTH sIILLI0NS. The gem of the entire section, however, comes, from Joseph Isracls, whose name is a venore= tion and an inspiration, It is this famous cen= fas “Alone in the World” which has been drama from the private collection of Commissioner Mesdag, upon which a value of €2,000,000 kas been placed. The Fronch exhibit, which passed the inspeo= tion of an unusually critical jury, inciudes 600 paintings, 200 drawings water colors aad 200 subjects in sculpture. All of them are of the highest standard of excellence and come from artists vho have won all the @'stinetiam that cau possivly be conferred on them, FORESTRY. Curcaco, May 1.—At the extreme southern end of the exposition grounds stands « curigus looking structure built of wood—ell wood aad nothing but wood. Like Solomon's Temple i is joined together with wooden pins instead of nails, and mortices have taken the place of screws. It is of generous 500 feet in length by 200 in of an imposing colonnade foursides. The vides of the bu wooden slabs in the rough and the roof thatched with bark. The culonnade copaists aserics of columns, ench composed of three tree tranks twenty-iive feet long. All the tres trunks have the natural bark remaining. This is the forestry building, a novelty in expose tions, and an attractive one, as the crowds which visited it today testit The exhibits embrace evervthing pertaming i] | of the various woods, finished or partially fine ished, ix shown by individual exbibitors aw firms. Wood used in mannfactures, such square timber, jorts and scantlings, ship tiga= ber, masts and «pars, fencing timber, shingles, flooring, casings, moidings—is im profusion, a8 are also the decorating woods—mahogany, rose wood, satinwood, ebony, walnut aad birds'-eye | maple. There are dye woods and The government exhibits of foreign coun- | woods, timber preserved by creosoting, barks tries are ranged in the north half of the build- ing with frontages on the main aisle, the smaller nations being relegated to the gallery. These exhibits, however. are in a demoralized state, not one being in perfect running order. Ger- many has probably the most room and occupies nent position in the northeast corne Pugiand bas a large allotment of space direct! opposite, aud the exbibit is in an advanced | stage of preparation. France lies in a long, | narrow plot between these two countries, while Kussia and Canada have smaller displays at the extreme west side of the building. New South w Monaco, Spain and Austria have space in the gallery All their displays are yet in embryo, but they promise well. Itis impossible to confine the electrical exhibit to any one building, as the magnificent displays which will be given nightly from the administration dome, the powerful search hight on the tower out in Lake Michigan and other attractive features demonstrate. The lighting of the entire park, its buildings and the #treets adjacent, gives perhaps the most prac- tucal lesson in the use of electricity after ART BUILDING. | | Treasures of Foreign and American Galleries | Schools Represented. Curcao, May 1.—The noble ert building, with its raiment of white, glistened in tho noonday sun today, and Martini's “Victory’’ perched away up on the dome, looked down upon the throng that besieged the wide en- | trances, eager to pay tribute to the most general the steam motor. From this begins a series of ever been attempted. Certain it is that no pre- and during the progress of the exposition will | | lages decking the keep a force of news gatherers and operators at work transmitting the news and happenings of the great spectacle. The other press organ! tions are also on the ground floor, and on the next floor above are the offices of the Chicago papers, which will, of course, be fully repre- sented, On the third floor is the office of the collector of customs and the department of publicity and promotion, whose labors may now be considered atanend.’ The top floor is occupied by the restaurant of the building. Pavilion “*D” is occupied on the ground floor rious express companies, while a lishment has the whole of the The third floor is given over to the department of foreign affairs and the top floor is the headquarters of the Columbinn guards or world’s fair pel ‘rom this building r which governs the interests of th diates the intelligence multifarious details and position, and it is therefore one of the centers of att for the crowds which have been today making their first tour of inspection of the white city. AGKICULTUR Products of the Soil From Every Land—An Embarracament of R 5 Cmcaso, May Farmers, with tangled 1 whiskers and with calloxities on thi produced by long contact with plow nd hds, lingered long and lovingly in t agricultural building today. 1 ¥ on € side of them golden gi alls, an- dulated in the sweep of the prairie breeze has been contorted into frescoes. Artists have spent months in devising zigzag friezes, traced out in cunningly devised patterns of red, yellow and black reeds, and the result is a combination of art and agricultural products that fairly be- dered the dwellers in the rural districts when they entered the temple of ceres today. Great in its scope is the agricultural exhibit. No fieid of invention has been more productive EVERY STATE REPRESENTED. Ench state of the U sitedStates makesa splen- | did showing, and nearly every exhibit is shown in a pavilion constructed of a characteristic mineral, stone or product of the state. North Carolina uses in her pavilion mica studded with garnets and other jewels found in that state. Missouri has built an onyx wall, while ‘entucky incloses her show ina pavilion of | cannel coal. ‘Yo the right of the main entrance at the south is found the Montana section. This is notablo for the statue of “‘Justice” in silver, modeled after an actress well known in New York. The work stands on a plinth of solid gold and is valued at $300,000. The costly exhibit was put in position an hour before noon and the guards in and around the section were doubled. The attracted a large crowd during the day. The main feature of the gallery is the dis- of the Standard Oil Company, while a fied exhibit of borax attracts ‘an inter- ested throng. The Associated Engineering of the United States and Canada have | headquarters in the gallery also. ‘The splendid building, which is 00 feet, makes with its exhibite one of the most complete and inter- esting studies of the exposition, MACHINERY, Triumphs of the Mechanic Arts—-A Unique Newspaper, Curcaco, May 1.—The noiseless motion of smooth-running machinery and its miles of shafting has an irresistible fascination alike for mechanic and student, and the crowds today | lingered long in machinery ball, The famous triple-expansion Corliss engine, known in the hall as the “Allis” engine, stands near the south | end of the building on the long aisle running east and west. It furnishes power equal to 3,000 horses and keeps the great and varied mass of machinery in motion with no apparent effort, Three overhead “travelers,” with electricity for motive power, move along their elevated tracks in response to notices by | English engine which occupies a position of honor old locomotives, leading up to the monster yious exposition has dealt #0 generously and so | fairly with the masters of all nations, In the the biggest yet built. ‘To give a de- - scription, however, of all the locomotives on ex- French expositions German art has been mainly hibition. each of which illustrates a distinct conspicuous by ite absence, and no French step in advance, would occupy columns and artist of eminence has ever been known to take then be incomplete. It is enough to sey that an enthusiastic interest in the expositions of every newly discovered principle is illustrated the fatherland. Russian art has been compara- by the engine or an exact reproduction of tbe / tively unknown in this country, and while the engine in which it was first utilized. Royal Academicians were very largely repre- and mosses. In_ the section of timber culture and cultivation there are shown transplants of various izes, seed collection and methods of seed testi Implements and machines for preparing the soil are also whe ced nurverice are ile trated, ax well methods of mate. Connected with the department, bas outside the building, is a typical logging camp, contributed by the siuco of Michigau, Another annex isa sawmill in full operation, where the process of converting logs into various kinds of lumber is carried on. Among the fore countries which are represented iz the bi ing are Japan, Honduras, Peru, Harti, Spain, Germany, Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Mexioa, Canada, Russia, Italy, Fran: New South Wales and Paraguay. The exhibits of the two antries are ad Tost wor South Wales dispiays a pavilion rare and costly woods, hare pyramids of monster loge the fiber of the tree. Paraguay shows 942 differcnt varieties of woods, COMMERCIAL EXHIBITS, ‘The individual commercial exhibits include specimens of wood pulp, cork, parts of fur niture and wooden ware. The pulp industry és represented by several exhibitors from foreign countries, Medical products of the forest ere also completely covered. Ohio alone shows 500 specimens of herbs, roots and barks, The exhibits are ina fairly complete on, and little remains to be done to. the building one of the most instructive im exposition, FISHERIES. All Known Species of the Finny Trine Under One Roof. Curcaco, May 1.—If the author RE Complete Angler,” tle old Izaak cvehd have atved in tes oouter of to peer building today and gazed aronnd him be would have realized how very incomplete after all hie MANUFACTURES AND LIBERAL ARTS BUILDING. STREET CAR EXHIBIT. sented in the English section of the centennisl, Next in importance to the railway section is | they manifested 20 particular pride, for one | the street car exhibit, which includes the de- | Teason or another, in submitting their master- | velopment of the cable car system, from the pieces to the criticism of their American breth- original car built in San Francisco to the mod- | ec in the art building of the Columbian See ee ee exposition France is accorded some 300,000 Every kind of road vehicle, too, from the | eqnare feet of wall space, or within 5,000 feet of pneumatic-tire bicycle to the heaviest truck, is | the total reserved for the United States, Ital: also present to speak for its particular merits, ' Spain, Great Britain, Russia and other foreign fand even the flying machines and airships aro countries bave been liberally ecoorded apace \ “Complete Angler” ia, He would have som fishes of which he had never even hoard; fishes large and fisbes small, fishes from the South seas and fishes from the frozen ot Lnbradar, vivid bue and fishes of no sbort, such a collection seen nowhere else on the face pee pees as ae mg ‘even those wi Unexpected sdditions errived up to the very