Evening Star Newspaper, March 25, 1893, Page 10

THE BIG NAVAL SHOW pis The Rendezvous in the Historic Hampton Roads. WAR SHIPS AND CARAVELS. a Arrangements for the Dispisyto Begin April 17—The American Ships That Will Par- tlelpate—Vessels From Foreign Lands—The Kevew in New York Harbor. A 8 THE DATE SET for the Columbian naval demonstration ap- proaches the interest in the event increases. It will take place in about ® month's time and the preparations for it are engrossing the principal attention of the officials of the Navy Department. Secretary Herbert and Assistant Secretary Me- Adoo are deeply inter- ested in the matier and have extended to Rear Admiral Gherardi and his assistants every fa- cility and resource at their command that can possibly be utilized in insuring the complete success of the undertaking. It is intended as a prologue to the celebra- tion r at Chicago, inning May 1, and it ie Admival Gheraritt® purpose to make it the grandest display of marine architecture ever seen in this country. He has issued » general order to the officers under his command, setting forth the program to be followed from April 17 until after the review in New York harbor ten a by April 1; in New York rendezvous the com YORETCWN (CONCORD AND BENNINGTON saME of Rear Admire! Gherardi, will hoist anchor and pass out the Virginia eapes in two columns for the review in New York harbor three days later. Shortiy after this the visiting officers will be taken to Chicago and be present at the cere- monies attending the opening of the fair. JACK'S AMUSEMENTS. The American Jack Tar can be depended upon at the rendezvous in Hampton Roads to roride ample fun and diversion for his fellow bh privaces of the visiting foreign warships. ile the officers of the various squadrons are and dining one another with high-bred formality in the floating saloons of the vessels and at Oid Point Jack will occupy bis time to Better purpose, from the jolly seaman’s stand- point. The m of amusements in the Toads will melude, emong other attractive feat- ures, amateur’ rowing races, sailing | will nos be placed in by the date of the assem- contains s single battle ship Richest odarn type Sttoce of tee sheers cs made any such frank declaration, but the fact remains ne ‘Tur Stan recently published illustrations re- | Bumerically. Bopertaent of photographs taken by the Navy most of the American warahi representatives, very that will participate. Cuts of others are given | €° now, since she was launched twenty number of American vessels origin- | 8g0. She is of 4,438 tons today. ally slated for the display was twenty-three, but owing to the hastening of the date for the review and other causes, which barred Romp big new battle ships and one or two others, number has been reduced to fifteen. The fortu- nate craft finally and officially designated make up this number are these: ‘THE NEWARK, FLAGSHIP. The Philadelphia, flagship of Rear Admit: Bancroft Gherardi, commander-in-chief, steel- protected cruiser. 4,324 tons. The Cusbiug. dispatch bost for the fleet, steel torpedo boat, 116 tons. Dolphin, the President's dispatch vessel, gunboat, 1,485 tons, First squadron: ‘The Newark. flagship, under Rear Admiral A. E. K. Benham, steel-protected cruiser, 4,088 tons. The Atlanta, steel-protected cruiser, 3,189 tons. The San Francisco, stecl-protected cruiser, 4,083 tons. The Bancroft, steel practice vessel, 838 tons. The Baitimore, steel -protected cruiser, 4,600 tons. ‘The Benrington, steel gunboat, 1,700 tons. Second squadron: The Chicago, flagship of Rear Admiral John G. Walker, steel-protected cruiser. 4.500 tons. The Yorktown, steel gunboat, 1,700 tons. ‘The Charleston, steel-protected cruiser, 4,040 tons. The Vesuvius, dynamite steel cruiser, 930 ‘be Concord, steel gunboat, 1,700 tons, ‘The Miantonomah, steel monitor, 3,99) tors, ‘THE AMERICAN VESSELS. These vessels are splendid types of their class and in many respects are far superior to similar vessels of other nations. It was iully expected six months ago that the New York would be ready in time, but on account of the backwardness of the steel companies her armor | bling of the ships. It was also hoped that the Detroit and Montgomery at Baltimore wouid | be ready, as well es the Castine, Mzchies and Marblehead, building at Boston and Batu, but none of these will be in condition to take posi- tion in line. The Philadelphi timore, Bancroft ai New York harbor, and the others, except the Ne Bennington and Concord, n Roads, Va. The Concord is lyfig at Norfolk and the Newark and Bennington are en route to Hampton Roads from Havana, whither they convoyed the two smail Spanish caravels, the Pinta and Nina, from Cadiz, via the Canary Islands, manned by American officers and sea men, under Admiral Benham. These, with the third and largest caravel, the Santa Maria, | will be manned by Spanish officers and | crew at Havana and thence convored by Span- | Al ish men-of-war to Hampton Konds. from these caravels, all of the above vessels have been added to our new navy within the past four years save the Chicago, Dolphin and Atlanta, which were put in commiesion in 1835 and 1886, Possibly the historic old Kearsarge ill also appear in the review, but te chances are that rhe will not, asher services are re- quired in the West Indies, ‘THE FOREIGN SHIPS. Atleast twenty-nine foreign warships have been booked to join in the demonstration, mak- ing in all a combined fleet of £ Faces, international regattas between the erews of the various squadrons, interna-| tioral races between the steam launches and between the torpeio boats, prize drills be- | ‘tween companies of marines and competitive ¢oncerts between the various foreign marins | bande. Then there willbe fireworks at nicht and | Jard and water displaye, tonrnaments, bails on abipboard and on chove and exchanges of socz ¢ivilities and honors between the ofticers and eommanders of the for and American fleets. In addition Secretary Herbert and possibiy President Cleveland, with other members of | ‘the cabinet, will inspect the American fleet ard give a dinner to the commanding oicers and | Staffs of the foreign ships. | TRE EXPEDITION To SEW TORE. The procession of warships will leave the! roads for New York, on April 24, in two grand divisions of twenty-two vessels each, under command of Rear Admiral Gherardi. The trip will require just one day. ‘The squadrons will | snchor outside of New York in the lower bay on the evening of the 25th, und on the morning of the 27th they will move up the North river to Riverside Park,where they will again anchor. | ‘Thereupon the review will begin, and all the pass in turz before the Presidext which was recenilrioaned the government to serve asa na ship for bora. The New York chamber of com- ‘merce will entertain the officers and staifs of for which ,000 has been raised, and on the next day Admiral Gherardi. will give an elaborate dinner to the foreign admirals and the cabinet, ‘The commanding oficers and staffs of each aadron at the close of the festivities qapense of New Yori a: cago commercial Bodies to witness the opening of the world’s Columbian exposition or May 1. ‘The southern people in gerezal, from the South Atlantic stat-> to the 24th of April. a1 railroads are making ¢ pe transport great many ies have already been mace up in Wilm: So eaten Wotincin ond Rebaend ts attend in chartered steaiaers and transports to Witness the gathering of the The n r and, especially from rn people. on the the Kew England, middle and western states, | are manifesting their interest more particularly im the review proper in New York harbor on April 77. Doubtless the rendezvous will be Practically as enjoyable as the review, since Biecieels the ame vencels will be engaged in although the maneuvers will of course differ. ‘The hotels st Fortress Monroe or Old Point Comfort and at Newport News and Nor- folk will be taxed far beyond their eapacity in providing accommodations for the visitors to the rendezvous. The coaling of our vessels at the Roads is an Interesting sight and is now going on steadily. is coal enough at the Newport News and Norfolk docks at jhe present moment to supply the fleets of the world. Newport News alone ‘TUE BAXCKOFT abips 1.370,000 tons of ceca! by sea annualiy and Lambert's Point 1,150,000 tons. A large supply of coal ix constantly kept at Norfolk, where the facilities for coaling are excellent. ‘The coal used and to be used by the fleets is bituminous, from Pocahontas, George's Creek. Cumberiend and New River. “The captains of will coal at the Norfolk navy yard, where an immense supply is held for the government. 2 GREAT AREAT. Suoh an srray of modera warships has never Deon seen together in time of peace, or in war either, and yet as s matter of fact it was the ope of our Navy Department to assemble, at | 5 than by if BR : : r | GREAT BRITAIN'S sQraproy. Great Britain's squadron will consist of five vessels, under command of Vice Admiral Sir D. Hopkins, K.C. B, Her finest ship preeent will be the big armored eruizer Blake, which nearest approaches the United States twin screw crniver New York in goneral design and | type. Of the twovessels the New York, how- ever, is said to be the finer ship. The Blake is a sister ship of the Blenheim, both veseels hav- ing been designed to excecd in speed. pro- tection and radius of efficiency all cruisers heretofore built. She is 375 rect long, 65 feet beam and has a displecement of 9.000 tons. Her armament coniets of two 9.2-inch 24-ton s in her bow and stern in | G-inch rapid-fire guns on casemates; sixteen 3-pounders, seven machine guns aud four 14-inch Whitenead torpedo tubes. Her protection consists of curved steel protected deck eighteen inches above line amid-bips to six and one-half below it at sides and three to six inches thick. Her speed is about twenty keots with bunkers fall and eversthing on board. At sea she cen maintain a Her twin screws are worked by triple- expansion e f the vertical type of 20.009 horse power; her cylinders are protected by a dome steel shield 4 to 6 inche: some feet above the protected deck. The pro- tective deck extends from stem to stern and is wever fitted. ‘The Biake was tham yards and was designed . director of naval construction. "s next best ship will be the Aus- | erunser of 5,600 | j at Glasgow in 1959. She cost about $1,200,000. | Her speed is 18 knots and her coal eapacity 900 tons, which gives her a steaming radius of 8,000 | miles at « 10-knot gait. | The Magicienne. the third cruiser, is of the | second class and built of wood and steel, com- | bined with copper sheathing. She displaces | 8.000 tons. kas a horse power of 9,000, draught |of 17 feet 6 imches, length 265 feet, | | beam 42 feet and was built in 1888 at | Glasgow ata cost of 700,000. Her speed is | nearly twenty knots and coal capacity 400 tons, | which enables her to steam 8,000 miles at ten knotsan hour. ‘The fourth vessel. the Tartar, is a third-class cruiser of the Yorktown type. She displaces 70 tons, has 3,500 horse power, draught of 14 feet, length of 225 feet, beam 30 feet. She was built at Glasgow in 1856 at a cost of about $400,000. She can make seventeen knots and carries 325 tons of coal. At ten knots an hour she cau cover 4.00 knots, | ‘The other vessel is the little Partridge,a first- class composite gunboat of 755 tens displace- ment, 1.200-horse power, draught 11 feet, length 165 feet, beam 30 feet and was built in 1888 at a cost of £150,000, She can make 18 knots, carries 100 tons of coal and can steam 2,800 knots at 10 knots an hour. i FRANCE'S REPRESENTATION. | ‘The French contingent is not so strong as | was expected. It had been hoped that at least | one or two fine modern battle ships would bave been sen: to take part in the affair. But of the | three vessels sent the only one of much conse- quence is the protected cruiser Jean Bart, which was begun in 1857 and cost complete up- | ward of 7,000,000 franes. She is 852 feet long, | with 4834 fee: beamand a dispincement of 4,162 tons, and her engines cau develop nearly 8,000 bores power. ine trul rather "more then « year ago an aggregate of 7,846 horeo power gave her aepeed of 18.65 knots, with 116.2 revolu- | tions. Her battery is four 6.3-inch guns on sponsons and six 6.5-ineh guns in broadside, with a secondary armament of four 3-pounder rapid-fire guns, six revolving cannon and « half | and brought her f the General ‘a2 ships iron, odern are the battle Em 5 yet gone tera lachimoff and Pamiat Azoff (memory . peror Nicholas is of 7,000 toms it, with ten inches of armor on her belt and twelve inches on each of her two towers. bw ‘7,000 horse = ots speed and 7-in: pected, and also the corvette Iynda, of 2,965; tone, 81500 horse power and fifteen knots speed. ITALY’S DISPLAY. Tialy’s @isplay will be under commana of Rear Admiral Magnaghai, and will consist of four cruisers and a transport. The Dogali was — ay and is of 2,000 tons diaplacement " jorse power; speed of twent knots; battery of siz six-inch rifles and a goed secondary battery of rapid-fire guns. This vessel is one of the finest types of her class in is a little larger and is of earlier date than the Dogali. Her speed is a little over seventeen knots and her guns are rather antiquated. In her day she was con- sidered the finest cruiser in the Italian navy and was built in England. She carries two twenty-five-ton guns and six four-ton gans. The Etna, an unarmored cruiser of 8,600 tons, will also’ be with tho fleet. Her battery is about the same as that of the Bausan, her dis- placement larger and her speed a little less. SPAIN'S CONTINGENT. Spain's Reina Regente, originally a type for one of our own fast cruisers, was, at the time of her construction, the fastest war vessel in the world. She made an average of four runs on the measured mile of 203-5 knots anda maximum of 21. With natural draught she steamed 19 knots. She has a cellulose lining at the water belt and carries four 21-ton Hon- toria guns besides six 4%{-inch. The Infante Isabel is a smaller craft. of 1,180 tons, 14 knots and five guns. Another gunboat is also in this contingent. GERMANY'S SHIPS. Germany's hips are all fine specimens of naval architecture. The Kaiserin Augusta is a good fighting cruiser of 6,052 tons displace- ment, carries twelve six-inch rifles and four four-inch. ‘The Seadler, another of her repre- sentatives, is an unprotected cruiser capable of great speed, and has a heavy armament for a vessel of her class. Germany will also send possibly a second cruiser of the same class a8 the Seadler. BEAZIL'S THREE SHIPS. Brazil will send us the ironclad Aquidaban, which has a displacement of 4,950 tons, with compound armor seven to eleven inches in thickness and seven feet in width on the water- line belt, while the oval redoubts which protect the bases of the turrets have ten-inch armor. ‘The main battery consists of four 20-ton guns and four 70-pounders and her speed is nearly 16 knots, ernisers Republica and Tiren- dentes accompany her. The former is of 1,300 tons and 17 knots and the latter of 800 tons and 1434 knots, Both were launched at Elswick last May. FROM OTHER LAXDS. The Argentine Republic will send her new cruiser, the Ninth of July, a fine vessel of ber class, Holland's representative will be = large wooden cruiser called the Van Speyk, of about 3,500 tous displacement and. 4,00) horse power, = on of 6 six-inch rifles, 4 —— a-half-inch Krupps, a good secondary bat and several Whitchead torpedo tnbes. ie Portugal will be unable to send but one ship, the corvette Alfonso, under command of Capt. Amaval, ex-minister of marine, ——_——_— MADAME WAS TOO CONSIDERATE. Her Effort at Saving the Dentist's Money Not Likely to Be Repeated. ‘Madame was to have two teeth extracted and decided to take ges for the occasion, says the Newport Daily Mews, She was comfortably placed in the big chair and was enjoying the first sensation of breathing m the fumes. There was a delicious murmuring that reminded her sounds of s lovely summer day, bees humming and ali nature at a lullaby. But she was still conscious, just dazed enough to fancy that = long time was passing and sho was consuming quantities of with- out its having desired effect. She must be taking more than the doctor could afford to give her. Several times he had lifted her fingers to see if they were limp, and now he suggested that she keep her ban: long as possible held up from the wrist Madame lad a tender heart, and in her half- asleep state it overpowered’ her head. Tho dentist could never waste on one patient that amount of gas. It was her duty to deceive him and stop this great drain on his pocket. So she let the hand fal! limp and played insensi- ble. Out came one tooth with a horrible wreneh that invaded every fiber of her being ck to her full ecnses with a bound. The doctor was amazed, and both were amused when the state of the case was ‘The second tooth waited for another day. oo Notes Were Never Printed. English tourist (taking notes “One remarkable thing about the of this state is, that, although the and comfortable homes, they are living in holes in the ground. COUNTING THE CASH. Gold and Silver in Great.Bulk to Be Presently Transferred. UNCLE SAM’S “TREASURE. ees How the Coin and Paper Money Will Be HandedOverto the New Treasurer—Trouble in Guarding the Coffers of the Nation—Why It Could Not Pay to Rob Them. pO aS en pam HENEWTREASURER of the United States will assume the guard- iauship of empty cof- fers, In appearance they are full to over- flowing. Who, in walk- ing around that great box of silver coin in the subbasement of the treasary building which contains 98,000,000 big = round dollars would -wo—— imagine that UncleSam was well nigh bankrupt? It is a mass of pre- cious metal 100 feet long, 60 feet wide and 14 feet high—the stuff done up in bags of $1,000 each and inclosed in wooden boxes to keep the damp from getting at their contents. Close by ism vault with s door like that of a safo, in which are stored 56,000,000 more of silver dol- lars and 226,000,000 in shining yellow gold. How is it ible that the owner of all this wealth ean be poor? Alas! this glittering wealth is not the property of the government, Nearly every penny of it is mortgaged. It simply represents the cash basis for paper promises to pay which Uncle Sam has issued in the shape of notes and cer- tifieates. Ifthe holders af these documenta should all present them at once and demand their coin the treasury would be left bare. The box of iron lattice work containing the #93,000,- 000 in silver would be emptied, and brooms would be ealled into requsition to sweep stray gold pieces out of the corners of the gold vault to satisfy impatient creditors, The agents in charge of the subtreasuries in various cities would be compelled to turn their official pock- ets inside ont, andeven the mints would be occupied in transforming every available gold and silver brick into pieces of lcga! tender money. In short, after paying its dobts, the govern- ment would have almost nothing left. Uncle Sam has been living beyond his income, and the new treasurer will find himself in the posi- tion of an attorney who takes charge ‘of the affairs of a spendthritt at low ebb. His first task will be to count the assets, to make sure that not a cent is missing, The job is no t fling one. |The gold and silver coin to be reck- oned alone amounts to 5,000 tons, and there ai hundreds of millions of dollars in paper to be thumbed over and computed note by note. If some accident should fetch Mr. Nebeker out short he would have to go down into his cloth- ing for the amount. It is recorded that one of his predecessors in office had to refund three cents that was missing. In another instance $19 could not be found, and weeks elapsed be- fore the missing coins were swept out of a com ner of one of the vaults. They bad got loose through hole in a money sack. WRIGKING THE Cots. A great deal of labor is saved by weighing the coins, instead of counting them piece by piece. One thousand shining dollars, fresh from the mint, are poured upon one of a pair of soales, which are so delicate that a mustache hair will ineline the balance. e other side is placed each bag of €1,000 in silver. If it is light the contents are emptied out and gone over dollar by dollar. Pieces of money lose some of their metal by rabbing together in sacks and a small allowance is made for that. There are 150,000 of these bags to be examined. However, those of them which have their seals intact do not have to be weighed, since this fact renders it evident that they’cannot have been meddled with since they wore last counted. Becnuse the gold is so much more precious greater care is taken in reckoning it, every eack being put ‘upon the scales. ‘The vaults in which all this coined wealth is kept are old-fashioned and of a style quite out of date. In respect to being burgiar-proof they bear comparison very poorly with the impreg- nable steel-clad structures in which modern safe: ‘ore the valuables pert came over fro} one of Uncle Sam's huge money boxes off- hand, using no other tools than such as are ordinarily employed in the repairing of safes. ‘The Fitty-first Congress appointed a committee to find out why the vaulis were not sironger and how they could be improved, but nothing has been done. Meanwhile letters aro ad- dressed to the department constantly, giving warning of expected attempts to loot the treasury by various stratagems, Cranks have been sending in such messages for years, and no attention is paid to them. Certainly it would hardly pay to break into the coin vaults. The only practicable way of doing it would be to tunnel under the building from outside. Such an engineering feat might be accomplished by starting to dig from the cellar of a building. To carry the enterprise through would require large capital. Its pro- moters could not afford to touch the silver, though it lay loose in bins ready to be shoveled out. ‘The “heft” of the metal would render its removal out of the question. A ton of it would only be worth @24,000, The same weight of gold would amount’ to 500,000. But to get away secretly with such a bulk of anything would be fairly impossible. ‘The thieves would Yet te ‘could not omer on what would now be con- Seeking to surreptitiously imitate this classic exploit » visitor at the roves i dropped his soft bat over a bundle of notes of large denomination which was lying unguarded fora moment. He took up hatand money to- gether and presentiy vanished. quickly disco: saloon keeper named Ottman, who acted as con- federate. There was third person of dubious antecedents, one Brown, in the racy. He was the first one rht, while betting with £500 bills on a race Of the stolen money $29,000 was got back. Brown turned state's evidence and in that way escaped justice. The ew d which sat on the cases of Ottman and Hal- ick disagreed and they got off. This lesson teaches that evil doing does not always meet with a suitable reward. ONE GREAT DRAWBACK. One drawback about stealing from the treas- ury is the inevitable difficulty of disposing of what is technically termed the “swag.” Sup- jose that well-meaning robber with a ering after = better life should suc- ceed in getting away with euch » cubi- cal package of $20 bills os has been scribed. On $80,000 he could afford to “range asthe Freuch He would as- irection of a Sunday school clase— ‘sn almost necessary step with any one who would have credit for a high quality of virtue— and would give to charities. Meanwhile the government have advertised as stolen the $20 notes from No. 20,600 to No. 24,600, and he would certainty be nabbed while trying to pass some of them. The worid has no pity for aman who is trying to reform: it will drag him down ifitcan. The case would have been about the same if iex $20 gold pieces, There is so little gold in circulation that the putting into cireniation of much money in that Shape wonld be sure to excite suspicion, a great robbery of the national funds having been mado pubiic. If he tried to melt up the coins and dispose of them as bullion fl e the same. There was once s man who stole a silver brick from the mint in Phila- delphia. He was taking out ashes—threw the brick, which weighed about twenty pounds, into s barrel with other refuse and carted it away unsuspected, The brick was missed at once, and the thief was arrested while trying to sell it in New York. On the whole it may be safely asserted that it does not pay tosteal from Uncle Sam. ‘Two hungeed and fifty freight cars would be required to carry away from Washington the silver dollars which are stored in the single vault of 393,000,000. Putting it that way gives ‘ more vivid notion of the bulk represented by the stores of coinaccumulated beneath the treas- ury. No wonder that the counting, conducted by sizty experts, occupies from two to three months and costs $1,[00. The operation is performed in the presence of a committee, one menber of which is appointed by the ontgoing treasurer, one by his incoming successor a1 the third by the Sec it, The treasurer gives bond is supphed by any of his one of the latter should prov defaulter the treasurer would be obliged to make up the de- ficit out of his own pocket. However, Congress would doubtless ‘8 bill for his relief in such acase, J. N. Huston, President Harrison's first treasurer, said that no trust company would assume’ the responsibilities of | his place for 86,000 per annum of sal- ary attached to it Nevertheless, there havo Deen many applicants for the posi. tion under Mr. C a. When the couat of the money is completed the new treasurer will sign a receipt in full. The receipt signed by Mr, Nebeker was for SS6816445.58 The ates from which paper cash’ is printed at the Eurenn of cagraving and prioting ‘will ‘be changed as quickly as possible bi off bis name and substituting that of his successor. If the difficulties in the way of burglarizing the treasury are great it would be not less hard to accomplish any stealing from within, Seo- retary Carlisle is as carefully hedged about with restrictions as is his most humble subor- dinate, He cannot get a dollar without depos- iting vouchers for it, which must be signed by other officials. The treasurer cannot draw $ from his own paying teller without indorse- ment by persons who ekare with him tho gene eral responsibility. The cashier cannot open one of thy vaults unless accompanied by as strict a guard as would be placed upona stranger. The tellers who receive and pay out the money in wire cages are never allowed to Zoaway at the close of business hours until their accounts have been verified for the day. More likely than not they'will be directed to look over each other's cash and make sure that itis ali right. The chain on the leg of eaca one is none the less real for being unsubstantial, Thero was once a smart fellow who made up a dummy package of $10 notes and skipped out with the real parcel, but he did it so awkwardly that he was captured before he could get far away. A BANK CLERK'S TRICK. Considering the prosent impoverished eondi- tion of the treasury no high-minded robber would think of trying to filch tho few coins left in Uncle Sam's pockets. But some people have no compunction. What could have been the frame of mind of a certain Now York bank clerk a while ago who sent in the fragments of ‘® $500 note for redemption? They were really and truly pieces of a $500 gold certificate and all together they made up a complete bill. Un- fortunately, however, the fragments were cut from sixteen different certificates of that de- nomination, and by this ingenuous process a whole one was produced without impairing the have oniy three or four hours’ start of the hue and cry, and would be epptured to a certainty. Bank burglars constitute the highest grade of thieves, in respect to intelligence. They would never think of attempting so unprofit- able acrime asarobbery of the treasury If they did break in they would confine their at- tention to the paper money. One can perbaps smagine a gang of three or four expert crac! men in the cash room at nighi. They have managed to conceal themselves in the building during the day, with the connivance of o couple of corrupted watchmen. Silently they teal along from the cashier's apartment, pat the empty wire cages which are occupied dur- ing office hours by the paying tellers and other assistants. Just beyond is an iron room with a door like a safe. It isa small affair for them to open it. Once admitted they find themselves ina big closet with shelves on ail sides. shelves are faced with giass, behind whi ‘millions of dollars. LITERALLY LINED WITH CASH. ‘The little room is literally lined with cash. It is easy for the vi: ge to choose, because = per money is ail done up in packages, eac! About a foot cube, wrapped. in’ brown paper and marked in large red figures with the sum which it contains. Ineach of them are 4,000 certificates or notes. Those holding 5 bills are labeled $20,000, those containing $10 notes are marked $40,000 and those in which $100 is | therefrom on two occasions. A1 upon it, The cubical an bundles, each containing 4,000 notes, are fetched to the examining room on little ‘There asserted that women have no head for figures, bat they count all the ‘paper money for the treasury, from the time it fs printed at tht bureau of engraving to its finaleom when sent in ‘wornout for redem value of the sixteen originals. It is a melan- choly fact that the experts in the redemption division have no faith or confidence in human nature. ‘They detected the cheat and the perpetrator is now being punished for it. Strange that in this very bureau should have formeriy fattened sfemale criminal, who invented the plan of making an extra $20 out of every ten notes of that denomination which came into her hands for examination. She did it by ingenious past- ing. andehe might have carried it on indefi- nitely had she not excited suspicion by wearing diamonds and driving to and from the treasury in a stylish car Humility is more becom- ing toa thief than toan honest person. The first that detectives inquire about is whether an individual suspected of stealing is living beyond his or her ostensible means. ‘There is no doubt that tke treasury is often robbed. Probably it most frequently suffers in the redemption division. People are con- stantly trying to geta cash equivalent for money falsely alleged to have been destroyed. The games put up on Uncle Sam in that shape are as varied as they are ingenious. Nearly all of them are detected, but every now and then one of them succeeds. Doubiess the fragments ofa good deal of counterfeit paper pase muster for the remnants of real bills and are paid for as such. Thisis not surprising when it is con- sidered that many imitation notes and certifi- cates constantly pass unob- served. ‘The new treasurer does not give a receipt for the public moneys handed over to him until every cent has been accounted for. He gives acknowledgment only for the cash. not being obliged to take charge of the queer assortment ¢ quleables which for several years were kept in the department. Most of these were gifts fold. silver and precious stones, conferred by foreign potentates upon Presidents and other high officials of the United States, who were not permitted by law to accept them. There was a box of pearls and diamonds sent by the os of Japan to President Monroe; a Ddottle of diamonds, a bottle of pearls, a dis- mond snuff box, and many other objects of “bigotry and virtue.” These articles, stored in the patent office, were si +t the time of the second robbery, which occurred November 9. 1848, much of the gold and silver wae melted up for the purpose of selling it as bullion. Being eventually recovered in condition of somewhat impaired preservation these were handed over to the treasury in 1883. At Eftront they are in the custody of the National [useum. me Bacaz. MAKING THEM PAY. Men Who Have to Be Forced to Pay Their Bills, DEBTORS AND COLLECTORS. Some Good Stories of the Plans Adopted tn Order to Secure the Settlement of Long- Standing Accounts—Different Classes of Men Who Get Into Debt. ——_+>—_—__ 8 A WRITER FOR Tux Stan was entering one of the large office duildings in Washing- ton the other day he noticed « rather dilap- fdated locking man come out of a young broker's office. As the oor closed behind the @apidated looking man it shut in «voice that was saying: “TMI be blanked if P' Pay a cent!” “Does he owe you money?” said the writer in the kindness of his heart, for the man looked poor and unhappr. “No, no," he answered, “Iam a collector.” ‘And he won't pay?” “No, he won't pay now, but he will leter. It is one of the t privileges of my calling that I have orn Tl go back to him ina week. He will probably swear again, but the third time he will, doubtless, pay. That's the way with these fellows,” Now. why should this young broker swear at an inoffensive man who comes to collect a debt? The broker knows he owes the money: ha knows that the foen rho sold him the clothes e Wears mast be eventually, but he gets angry when he is asked to pay and abuses a citizen who has done him no harm. This is human nature, and not one of {ts good sides, and the trade of a collector is, in consequence, not unlike the trade of the hanginan. He fe = hecessary member of society, but he is ob- —— ‘to those he meets in a business capac- ity. ‘TWO CLASSES OF COLLECTORS, Of collectors investigation has revealed two Particular kinds, The one is the a8 man who won't take abuse and who often frightens the debtor into paving and the other is the persistent man who wears his subject out and finally gots bis money because the man who | owes it 1s tired of putting him of. Most co!- lectors live with difficulty, are keenly alive to the disagreeable position they ocoupy and only foliow their calling from sheer neces: writer cnee knew «young man who be- came a collector fora large firm of book lishers and his duties consisted in traveling around and collecting debts from people who would not remit th indebtedness by mail. In this way ho ssw a good many different kinds of debtors, He was very successful at his call- ing and acquired an experience in bullying, tiring ont and wheedling that will Inst bim the balance of his days, For instance, he was sent toa town, the loading physician of which had bought a library on credit and had seemingiy determined nover to pay for a book init, Cpon politely stating his errand the physician said “Come in again this afternoon,” fully deter- mining to spend the whole afternoon away from his ofice. “Thank you," said ths collector, “I will wait here if you will allow ms. Ihave nothing else todo. So he took an easy chair in the physician's waiting room, picked upa book and read. Whenever the physician opened the door to let a patient in there ent the col- lector calmly reading. ‘The physician's office hours in the morning ended and he went out. The collector went out himeelf fora few mo- ments for Innch, returned and again took seat in the waiting room and began reading. Late in the day the physician returned and more office patients came, all of whom in suc- cession saw the doctor, and every time he ed the door to let one in there he saw the collector calmly reading in the corner. He could not make fuss about his debts before his patients and realized that he was caught in a trop. It was quite dark before the last patient went home. GETTING DOW TO BUSINESS. ‘Then the doctor cams into the waiting room and sat down opposite the collector. “Well,” he said, ‘how have you enjoyed your das?” “Tolerably well,” answered the collector. You see lam very fond of reading, aud I sel- dom get a chance to indulge my taste, but your library, di it, isso well selected that it is really a pleasure to spend the dayin it. You have a great many fine books, doctor.”” Many of these fine books were what the doc- tor owed for. “How would you like to spend another day with these fine books?” asked the doctor, who thought he might eventually tire his man’ out. “I may have to do it, sir,” was the answer, “for I bave ordered an express wagon to come here and remove them to my hotel unless I carry away their equivalent.” “You don’t mean it?” “Yes, Ido. When I went out to lunch I left the order, and, by Jove, here comes the wagon now. Shall Icall in the driver!” @ “No, no, send him away for heaven's sake. Here's a check for the whole amount. I had no idea you were such Good-day, good-day. Don’t let me detain you x moment longer.” The collector won this time, but he some- times only won after undergoing » severe con- flict. On one occasion going to » debtor who was with his friends smoking and drinking, he was challenged to take a drink and a cigar. he neither smoked nor drank he politely de- clined, upon which the man who owed the money said, “Then I won't pay. “But if I smoke a cigar and drink some whisky you will pay?” said the collector. “Done.” So he took s cigar and drank a stiff drink of whisky and the debtor handed over the money, and the collector went out into the roadway and lay down and wrestled with himself for half an hour and then got up and tottered to his lodgings, feeling that he deserved promo- tion from his firm, and that the life of » col- lector was altogether too severe a one for any man Who was not & Texan born. DIFFERENT KINDS OF DEBTORS. Having said this much about collectors it may prove interesting to take a view of the different kinds of debtors there are in the world. First, there is the honest man who is always in debt and who always pays. To this fellow debt is a second nature. He can uo more keep out of it than a birdean keep from fiying. Give him a little money and he will pay such debts as are most pressing, but he will immediately pro- ceed to run up new debts. Suppose for an in- stant that some one wiped outall of sucha man’s debts and gave him a good round sum in bank. Would he live on a cash basis long? Never. He would leave the money in the bank until he had run up bills that he couldn't meet on presentation and he would be just where he was before. But this man is perfectly honest, and, while he cannot pay for anything when the bill is presented to him, he always pays for everything in the end. Sometime he gets too seriously into debt, and then he has to live low for a while until be can pick up and get where he was before. Of course these remarks apply to a man’s private life. No man can carry on a business on the same system. When a business man’s debts become too pressing he fails, ‘There is another class of man—or rather boy —who runs into debt because he thinks it manly. He likes to tell about his duis. He — os orer this habit, and he is easily f when the duns become pressii course, these callow youths are very foo & oolish. Jesson in due coarse. You mught as well argue with them as with a youth who persists in smoking cigarettes. He will break the habit of his own sceord, or it will break him. these fellows do in acquifing » great pub-} borne with occasioned it the could and fell victim to adverse circumstances. i ‘Woman is in debt it isa bard job to make her y. You have to end by frightening her. oaxing and wheedling won't do, for at that game she can always give you pointe and beat Fou. Tailors for men are not the only ones that have biack liste, The dresmakere also have them, and they are pretty well filled, too. ——_—+e. STORIES ABOUT CABINET PEOPLE. An Indians Man Tells About Secretary Gresham on the Bench. A TALE OF WOE THAT MEUTED HIS WEART—A FRUITLESS ATTEXPT TO BRING GRESHAM AXD JOHN C. NEW IXTO RARMONY—IT's FAILURE MADE ISTORY—SECRETARY HERBERT OX SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN COURAGE. Judge Gresham's return to Washington just as President Harrison is leaving the capital re- calls the intense rivalry of the two men for Political honors. An old Indiana republican of Prominence recalled a few days go an oc- eurrence which probably did much to shape the destinies of the two men. “Gresham and Harrison were rival cnadidates before the legis- lature in 1881,” said be, **for election as United States Senator, and Harrison, as everybody knows, was elected. About that time it became apparent to both that each was « presidential | Quantity and yot neither was on friendly terms | With John C. New, proprietor of the Indianapo- | lis Journal, whose support wasatsolutely essen: It also became apparent in the course of & yoar or two that the strength of ench in the stato was about equally divided. It was more than ever necessary to have jthe support of tue Journal, and Gen, Fred. Knetter, who bad beon a deputy in Gen. New's office and was x friend of Gresham, undertook to bring about m reconciliation and | an alliance of some wort. So he escorted Gen, jow to Judge Grovham's chambers in the Fed- eral building and left them alone, thinking that when he returned he would find them on the dost of terms, He was gone aboat half an hour, Ris return was very welcome, it seem: two party leaders, and a him, He found Gon, window, thrumming on Baring out of the the window pane, Judge Gresham was standing before the grate, with coat tails parted, and was looking any- where except at his guest, It was evident that the interview had failed of its object. As Gen. Knefler entered Gen. New said: “There fa nothing more, I guess, to be anid, I might as well go,’ and out he went. Judge Gresham turned to Gon, Knefler and said: “It is of no use, Fred, New is ——,” but the rest of the sentence would not look well in print. ‘antil it was evident that = bad the favor of the journal.” weridge of the Marion county bar tory illustrating Judge Gresham's im- pulsiveness, “It was when Judge Gresham Was first appointed,” said he, “‘and when he was much more imperions in his manner than ow, Coming into court one morning be said to the attorneys present: Gil psuiomen oheabaen os today?" ‘oby va. Eccles,’ answered the clerk. “What is the case?” demanded the jnage of plaintiff's attorney. “It is a suit for possessi: [our ener. The detondant lon of real estate, Eccles is holding id in Lake county belonging to my i” “What's the defense?’ again court in the same severe tone, of Eocles’ attor- ney. ~“ePossession for over twenty years,’ was the ** So you think because your client has lived on the land twenty years you enn steal it, eh?’ a ‘It is your honor that puts it that way,’ was 0 re happened aad i 80 happened,” said Mr. idge, continuing, “that the plaintif’'s pee The defendant bad been occupying about twenty acres of land within the bounds called for in Roby's deed. It is the land in the north- ‘west county of the state on which the race track of Roby now stands. The strip made a sharp triangle, ono side of which was the state line, fhe Taso was on, the, section ine and the ypothennse was shore of Lake Michigan curving converly. ‘The peak to the north bad been low and swampy, but Eccles, « had built his bonse on it. The southern part was higher and the ground was more productive for farming purposes. On one part was a knoll on which some trees grew. ‘The attorneys for the plaintiff had a map showing where his claim extended. Eocles had been unable to get a deed Decause the land was swamp land then, though now the tract in dispute is worth 630,000. The case looked serious for the detendant when he took the stand. In his plaintive broken En- glish be in 1845. told how he had settied on that ground Pray aenonligertog: Hee piomgfeiren gg 4 valk from 0 cause nO money, und Tesetto on dat ied ‘What part of it do you live on?’ inter- rupted the court in stern tones, “Ve lives all over it,’ was the answer. “I builded mine house on der nord part, but somedimes my bors und me ve ® fishin’ ve go und live long der lake und und line cop on der high land.’ “What proof have vou that you have lived there since 18457” asked the court. The wit- ness was frightened, but he continued: “My vife and I, ve live on dat land fora long vile. Ven ve live dere t’ree years » leetle baby girl come to us, nnd abe was as sweet und ty a baby, shudge, asever vas. Ve vas 60 PPY mit our leetie one, und she grew und grew. Her cheeks vas rosy, her eyes vas bine and her hair vas ali gold—she vas so pooty. One day ven she vas five years old she got sick. I tought noddings of it, but oar leetle girl she t gettin’ worse. So de next day I valked toe neighbors and asked him to go to Chicago for a doctor, but ven der doctor come my pooty baby So ve hadto bury her. I didn’t know vhat to do, cause ve neighbors on do ground. ven spring come, my vife plant flowers on dat grave, and every spring ve have done dat. And now dat man vants to steal dat grave from me,” he cried in suddenly angry tones as he turned and shook his t the plaintiff. “Dat grave is dere yet,’ he added, and then alll was still as be pointed toe spot on the plat marked “grave.” judge Gresham turned his eyes toward us and we saw that they were full of tears. Then he straightened up in his chair and said to the plaintiff's attorney: “You, sir, may find some courts that would give you that man’s child's g:ave, but not this one.” Mr. Clerk, draw up the decree.’ That,” said Mr. Bev , “illustrates Judge Gres- ham.” SECRETARY HERPERT'S WAR STORY. ‘The new Secretary of the Navy, Col. Her- bert, has always been a student of history, and as such he naturally enjoys the relation of rem- iniscences that deal with historic events. A friend of Secretary Herbert, an Alabama nows- paper man, re tome & few days G conversation that he had had with Col. Her- lishima, who is conspicu- ial to the south ‘from the colonisl to the days of the reconstruction. Greg, itisknown by thore who have scanned bis interesting but errazic work, subseribes im his treatment of our civil war to the brash idea thet one southerner was to three or four Yankees in a fight. tors who inflamed the southern youth were Ianghed at by the grim and gaunt survivors There seems to be no doubt that most of | Wi | to save his iver of an imaginary line. regiments of the brigade of cox that D one of the men had been cut to pieces. The bama, which Col. Herbert commanded, wae one Of those regiments that were hurled back fromm = bloody crest of the “high tide of the re om. ~ “Speaking of instances of courage,” beesid fo me, ‘i shall never forget two spiendid ilue- frations of it that were impressed upon me im those battles, one on the federal side and the other on the confederate. I never saw more Glorious conduct than that displayed in these two instances, by two youths in their teens, one ‘wearing the blue and ‘the other the gray. The first was inthe second day's fight. My regi- ment bad charged right up among the guns of Union battery, whose men and” horses hed nearly ali been’ killed. There was one gun to Which four horses had been attached. The two | rear horses had been shot down in harness. | The two leaders were apparently unburt and on one of them sata ind. head t, Vigorousl: plying his wat nome A pon the other horse and striving un, He was devoting his whole onl to that purpose, utterly unmindful of onr men, who were surging aboct him. He was Literally like the Carabianca of the deck. | Lcould have touched kim with my sword, and | was just about to beg him to surrender, when | shots rang out from bebind me, and be 4: | from his Loree, dond as he fell.” He might have | eared himself, but he seemed determined to save that gan or die. It was sublime, but I can never think of it without a shudder et the | horrors of the sacrifices of that war. The | other instance was on the third day, in the | height of the terrific artillery duel that was | pred yto the great charges. Our men | Were in line awaiting the word to advance. Im | front of us, riding deliberately up and down the line, was a handsome youth in arar, | monnced on a Seet-looxing iron gray horse and | bear: fag, | oy eet erect, looking as proud a any and his horse as spirited es an Arabian. | Sving bullets and shricking abells never fazed his superb Dearing as be rode to and fro up and down the jong line. Now and then be | would disappear in thick clouds of powder | smoke, but he would be seen again riding back, | bis face actually beaming with whet O'Hare, calls “the ardor of the fight.” Before the rd came to move he bad gone again down | the line and had not reta I never knew | whether be was killed or not; ta. | voluntarily of how that Yankee boy died the day beforo, ‘Those were indelible pictures caught ina gleam of light in shifting battle | smoke, and have always to me sarthing but counterfeit presentments of northern southern courage. Guozoz Guaxtmam Barx. ——-—__ SOME GOVERNMENT PICTURES. order of the procession which was to emerge from thence to the platform for the swearing in of the President of the United Stetea The order of exercises was carried out with perfect attention to every detail, All that has gone into history, The chances are that so will the card itself. ‘The outeide pages of these programs are adorned with vignettes of the Capitol and the White House, Here is where the fun comes in. From a general point of view @ picture of either the Capitol or House i not any better or any truer taken today than one taken « quarter of century ago,oreven further back. But in the lapse of these years the approaches to and the surroundings of both these historic buildings do change somewhat, Large appropriations of good, hard American doliars are absorbed in making these changer, and wnen the United States government goes into the picture busi- nessatall the least it might do is to present faithful reproductions of the improvements it has wrought iteeif. THE cAPrTOL. The vignette of the Capitol, reproduced above, isone probably taken during the war. ‘The Goddess of Liberty is as high on the dome as she is today, but the «treet cars do not run up to the northwest corner of the building, as this picture makes them do. It also docs away with the well Inid-out gardens which are the delight of all visitors to. the Capitol, and in- stead portrays the building as surrounded by & forest. Bat all this fault finding with government imony, in not making pew pictures for the auguration of President Cleveland, is a small matter compared with the enormity of the of- fense in using the old picture of the White House. If this liberty, what right has the United States government to sanction a ‘of dress the discussion of which is at this very moment dividing house- holds and taking “up as much room in news- papers as it does in real use. H a hoops or is tt simply anticipating the worst, and like the precautions being taken all over this broad land against cholera does it mean to give an object lesson and « rebuke woman st thesame time. This ine serious question and well deserves consideration of the members of States Senate in the prolonged the little business required of in confirming the Preside Stan couid find » good mat to this picture with the pai it must evoke on the part of observer, but it refrains knowing’ that no will to ead i HA carefully m using it at this time. picted in this engraving must be most ally slow and safe or the Indies were not nervous, else surely have taken to the footwalk, The terrible that perhaps ladies were ing their way to the front and this particular group the sidewalk for so many time were simply obliged to It is to be i cs ad if Hi * § Se title i members of the Anti-Crinoline Society, nobie efforts in keeping the women of from making guys of themselves dealers in hoops were just point where success seemed —-22—__—_— Written for The Evening Star. ‘Triads. i after the war and not inirequently were con- fronted in ae ee ot discussion with of honor 1 saw three figures in the rone-month, Juma, ‘Pefore an altar, side by side; floom, Whes cold winds wailed with dirge-ike | ‘Ove like rose nipped in its bloom, ‘One that his mate's untimely doom Vetmoaned, and Death between thera frowned. count;