Evening Star Newspaper, November 26, 1892, Page 11

we THE . THE YOUNG KAISER.) About the Most Photographed Monarch of the World. — AND B > WILLIAM IL ISMARCK. Famous Hunting Pictures and Photographs | of His Home Life—The Kaiser's Withered | Arm—His Exercises—low He Rides and Drives—Wonderful Military Organization. Se Special Correspondence of The Pven nz Star. Bruix. November 5, 1892. > NAVE HAD A GOOD f @ to learn some- ng-of the young emperor stay in Be a I reviews and enw him march up and down the line in the & ig the sts Terlin without being always in sight of bis yhotograph. There 1s no monarch m the w« who likes to be photogr | kaber. There ar ¢ him for sale and you can him ot every stage of his He bas ferent sittings yood te en photographed again ai been empero the most striking of the s in the light of the pri hich was phote- situation is oral Stands with | 5 ng ef and with his head. ‘The young emperor rr undress uniform and the two ch 0 lovers, and no one looking at them w suppose that trouble couid ever come b een them. Now Bismarck has been humiliated by the young eanperor and dislikes him heartily. The young emperor reciprocates the feeling, and the Rbotograph is the personification of a plomatic i Another photograph which is equally inter- esting is one taken ona steamboat where the kaiser snd the czar met last summer. The haiver bere leans against one of the smokestacks @f the abip and bis face wears a terrible scowl, WILLIAM IT AS & HUXTER, | anothi hind him, and in it it looks as though he was holding his horse with two hands instead of one, and, as usual, be rides at the head of bis army. His photographs have been taken in nearly every different uniform that the army has. He watches the drilling of the troops very care- fully, and if a regiment pleases him be puts on the uniform of this regiment and the soldiers consider this a reward and are very much com- plimented by it. He is very rigid in his con- duct with the army and he is doing all he can to make Germany avast military camp. He encourages the establiehment of a military club in’ every village anda constant drilli goes on over the whole empire. The soldier is omnipresent here and you can't get out of the hearing of a military band in Germany. Th are nearly half « million soldiers in the army, and its ‘the most wonderful machine that was ever gotten together. Think of a thourand horves being so trained that they keep perfect step and so that they make eo many steps to the minute and march in perfect harmony with one The soldiers themselves move like TRE EMPRESS OF GERMANY. clockwork and the artillery and the infantry move across the field like one machine, worked by cogs of even magnitude. I have seen the Russian soldier and the French soldier.but they are nothing like thee, and I doubt whether in ail the world there has been at any time such an organization as this. THE ARMY MACHINE. Speaking of the German army we have had here until withina short time ago one of the best of our military attaches. You know the War Department sends officers as attaches to our different Jegations with instructions to re- port from time to time upon the condition of their army and to inform us whether any military inventions are made. We have an ¢: cellent man of this kind in St. Petersburg in the person of Capt. Allen and for the past few years the German army has been the study of Capt. Bingham, who was lately removed’ from Berlin to Rome. I talked with him before he leftand he gave me some interesting inside matter regarding the constitution of the tro) here. Said he: “You can have no idea of wonderful machine that this German army is and how well they are prepared for war. They have chart made out which shows just what they must do in the case of wars with the dif- ferent nations. And every offices scheme is laid out beforehand. schedule of trains which will supercede all other schedules the mothent war is declared, and this is so arranged that the commander of the army here could go and telegraph to any officer to take such a train and to go to such a place at a moment's notice. When the Franco-Prus- sian war was declared, it ia said that Von Moltke was awakened atmidnightand told of the fact. He said coolly to the official who aroused him, ‘Go to pigeon hole No. blank in my safe and take a paper from it and telegraph as there directed to the different troops of the empire." He then turned over and went to sleep and awoke at his usual hour in the morning. Every one in Berlin was excited about the wa but Von Moltke took his morni and «friend who met him said: ‘General, you seem to be taking it very easy. Aren't you afraid of the situation? I should think you would be busy.” ‘Ah,’ replied Von Moltke, ‘all of my work for this time has been done long beforehand and everything that can be done now has beer don THE ARMY STORES. “The army bas stores at various points,” Capt. Bingham went on, “and they are ready for every emergency, and every company and ris down in the scheme for every situation that might come up, and the whole works like clockwork. Germany is ready for walk as usual Re bas a cane in he would club while the face the waters of a mill Land he looks as tho at the right of him, | cture fs a fair | 1 Alexandre is any modic in bis The ezar term» with the kaiser notwith«: Papers to the contrary, bi young man in hie own wy m was given wher friendly enews is eatumate of e mare the remark. which Lbave quoted before, in which he said, “Der | Gott weisst alles. aber T weisst alles | Deser,” which, being ed. is, “The good | God knows everything. but the emperor thinks | he knows ali thing: be The emperor is | very fond of huntun, to Kustia to hurt. who have large estates in K and in their vast forests spends a © poing ont bear shoot Not long ag abtz brown be: Boment of the shc of the emperor etanding beside there are photographs of him in the s! wesenting bim just ready to »' Bart. He bas ins pantalon fur cap on his head.and, curiousiy enough, fee long porcelain German pipe in his m He is by no means ashamed ¢ and he is fond of good tobacco and good beer. He is not a heavy drinker, though he Jikes wine with hi« meals. He has a good appetite, for he takes encugh exercise to keep his eyetem in good order, and he walks| and rides a great deal. Every one knows the in- | firmity of his left arm. It hax been withered | nd it is about four inches | ght arm. In the ing of | be is always very careful that | this arm is not prominent in the picture and he | ‘rather sensi im regard to it. He often | carries it in the breast of his coat or on the hilt | of his sword so that it is not noticed. He gets} slong wonderfully well with arm and his his photograp hich slide into one the table, and which toa certain extent supplies | theloes of bis lett hand. He is said to be a very | Goa shot and he bandies the gun very well. OX HORSRPACK. To see Kaiser Wilhelm on horseback you 4 never imagine that he bad only one hand. At this review o! his troops he rode a magnifi- cent black stallion and he gulloped over tho field at the top of his horse's speed. He man- sged his horse perfectly and he seemed to be in Bis clement. This parade took place on the reat drilling grounds near Berlin. These are he size of a thousand-acre farm and they are as emooth as a tor. Nearly the whole of this ¢ was covered with troops and it took hours for them to march along in front of the emperor and his staff. The emperor wore x et and a military uniform and the empress watched the review with him. She was also on Borseback and the two formed a magnificent pair. A photograph was taken of him as he same home from the Seid, with the troops be- | T is as placid as | @ kaiser ix nervous and «pas | P' 2 the |B | claws food, and of which the rest of Europe war with almost any nation here at any time. If the emperor presses the button the army will | ents in army methods are won: ierman government here is é: i the time on powders, balls and efperts at work for the army, and it has been ex- on potatoes and peanuts and corn I for bread. Horse food ia quite as im- an food, and they have here con- densed food for horses. They have balls of horse food so small that » man can carry enough in his pocket to feed a horse for o week, and they are studying the concentrated essence of for horses. Upon such food the horses will run down, bat they can march a | live. The constituents of these foods kept seeret, and in 1870 the army was sup- plied with pea sansage, which formed a first- had not read prior to this time. Germany has THE CROWN PRINCE. : its own military mills for the grinding of the’| food and its milita: xpenses ate enormous, It costs more than €100,000,000cvery year for the army, and the change ina gun or in a rifle ball often costs fortunes. THE COMMAND OF THE ARMY. The emperor is the head of the army, and he has the entire control of it. It is not subject to public opinion and the German troops have to obey him unconditionally and they gwear an cath of fidelity to him. Tho emperor is now not yet thirty-four years old. He bas bardly reached his prime and it would be wondertul if | he did not feel somewhat inflated by the which be has under him, Think of it! He knows he has the best military machine *ver got together end he has half a million men always under arms. He knows that he can call ‘wo million soldiers into the field by raising his finger and be has a quarter of a million horses ready to mount his cavalry. There aro other troops which can be cailed from the ple: which make his war strength fully three million of trained fighting men and this vast army is 60 ed that it can be directed by him sitting in his palace in Berlin and pressing his fingers on the tolagraphie button which call his officials to him. The machine-hke character of the whole is wonderful anda German officer is expected to be a machine and he is punished if he acts on his own responsibility. One of the most famous officers of the war of 1870 achieved @ victory by acting quickly without orders against the enemy. In America or in France be would have been made a hero, but in Germany he was stripped of his command and ordered to go home. This was Gen. Steinmetz. And Iam told here that officers ere not given places be- uve of their bravery, but because of their lity to handle troo) ere is no such ‘as favoritisin in the army and promotions by merit rather than by length of serv Influence counts for nothing, and while Bis- marck waa chancellor his two sons were emis | as privates. I find the Germans are very prou of their army and they do not seem to object to the military service. young man who is physically able to serve has to go into the army at the age of twenty and he has to serve in the standing army seven years. It is true that this takes a good deal out of life, but the military training straightens his shoul ders, broadens his chest and makes a man of him, and he learns how to obey and gotean education which makes bim a good citizen. These German People are « far healthier people than we are and a large part of their good con- stitution comes from their military service. AT THE RAISER'S HOME. Returning to the kaiser antl his photographs, alarge number of his pictures represent him with his family. He basa beautiful home life and he is very fond of his children. He has five children, all Realthy, bright and good look- ing, and the little crown prince, who is now about ten, js an officer in the German army, and he puts on quite as many airs ns his father. He often rides witlp his father, and his father makes him obey him and salute him just as one of his soldiers, When he is at home, however, he isa father among his children, and they crawl allover himand play with him just ae though they were American babies in an American home. He has good rules aa to their training. They rise with the sun and go to bed about 7 o'clock. They have prayers and they have their schooling just like other children, though the oldest boys are under the care of a military tutor and are waited upon by men servants. The youngest two have an English overnesé and are taught to speak English and French as well as German. e emperor pays | a great deal of attention to their recitations and he devotes a great dea! of bis time to the subjects of the common schools of the empire. Not long ago he bud quite a discussion what should be studied in these «choola, and he wedo the teachers chunge the historical studies and devote more time to the study of German history. He culied some of the offi- cuals before him and seid: “Gentlemen, I be- lieve we ought to know more about our own country. I have studied Noman history and Grecian history, but I believe that the history Tmany is quite as important as the history of Greece .and Rome, and I decree that in the common schools of my kingdom the children shail be taught their own history first.” This decree was put into operation, and the young Germans now are studying the heroic deeds of the great men of Germany and the facts of its history. s HIS DAILY LIFE. The kaiser isa hard-working man and his daily life is as full almost as that of a newspaper reporter. He gets up every morning at 7 o'clock and takes a cold bath, and at 7:90 he and the empress breakfast together. His breakfast is a substantial one and after it he oes to his office and looks over his mail. He gets a vast number of letters, which are weeded out by his private secretary, and matters of any importance are referred directly to him. He passes upon things quickly and decides most affairs on the spur of the moment. He has a routine for the rest of the day after his mail and his time is laid out for weeks in advance. He keeps astrict account of his time and he al- lots just so much to exercise, so much to amusement and so much to business. His ex- ercise is taken in connection with business and he is as regular as clock work about everything. He takes his luncheon at about 2o’clock and this is the ordinary German luncheon of soup, s roastand a dessert with vegetables, and now and then with fish thrown in. The children sit down with the emperor and the empress at luncheon, and shortly after it is over the emperor again goes to work. He spends a great deal of EMPEROR WILLIAM IT AT HOME. time in the saddle, and scarcely a day that he doesn't go to visit some part of his army. He bas bis dinner at 6 o'clock and this isa full dress affair. After it he drops the cares of state for a time and romps with his children and now and then takes a little exer- cise. At 10 o'clock he has his supper and after this he works about an hour in_ his study and then goes to bed, and he makes it a rule to get in seven hours’ sleep every night. He sleeps well and, he looks well. Ho weighs, I judge, about 185 pounds and his complexion, which is fair and rosy, shows that he has a good diges- CENSUS ODDITIES. Queer Points Summed Up by the Government Enumerators. NATIONAL PICTURE BOOKS. ‘Who Are the Cleanest People?—The Wickea- est City—Chicago Has the Most Dogs— Precious Metals and Precious Stones- Taking the Census in Alaska. ‘Written for The Evening Star. HE POPCAMERA HAS played an important part in the taking of the eleventh census. Thanks to it the vol- umescomprising results will be a series of most entertaining picture books, filled with pic- tures of everything that is susceptible of being pictured, An entirely nev feature of the work, never before attempted, has consisted in preparing descriptive reports on the savage peoples of the United States and Alsska, These are exhaustive ethnologio treatises, profusely adorned with plates illur- trating the manners and customs of the races discussed. The quarto on mines and mining, which is the only one as yet issued, contains many fiash-light views of scenes in the bowels of the earth. ‘THE NATIVES OF ALASKA. The most picturesque feature of the census picture books will be that portion which relates yt the natives of Alaska, In the region drained by the Kuskakwim river and its tributaries numerous villages exist in purely aboriginal condition, and thousands of people beheld in the official enumerator the first site man they had ever seen. That official, while ascending the Kuskakwim river, subsisted chiefly on the exga of wild fowl, h needles. Needles are a n that country, and he carried his supply of them in bis waistcoat pocket. On one occasion, while passing through a swamp, the natives who pad- died his boat robbed the nest of a mallard duck | of ite eggs. Fora joke the enumerator drop- ped three needles into the nest as if in pay- ment. Taking the matter quite seriously t natives spread through all that district tho re- port that here was a man so anxious to trade that he paid duel yr their , and the news was carried for hundreds of miles, cansing the census agent a good deal of trouble and annoy- ance, INVETERATR TOBACCO CHEWERS AXD SMORERA. ‘These Eskimo of the Kuskakwim aro extrava- gantly fond of tobacco, in the use of which they are obliged to exercise nm remarkable economy, owing to its rarity with them. On | this account the tobacco is mixed with a large Proportion of wood ushes, and the quid for chewing is passed from mouth to mouth ina social way. When not in use the quid ia usually placed behind the owner's ear. ‘Tobacco in #0 pure a condition as this is considered too good for the women, and they are only too happy to Teceive the used-np quids. These they dry, powdering them and mixing them with wood ashes, so 8 to make a siruff, to the use of which they are greatly addicted. ‘The men will cheer- fully exchange the proceeds of weeks of labor and hardship for a few leaves of tobacco. The census agent speaks of having seen a person work for hours, carefully taking to pieces all the pipes of the household and scraping the in- side of the tubes, only to consume in threo or four whiffs the result—a fine dust of wood im- Pregnated with nicotine. HUNTING WHITE WHALES. The sandy shore of the Kl-changamint lagoon is a great hunting place for white whales. This arm of the sea is very shallow, with one deep and narrow entrance. When the tide is high schvols of the cetaceans sometimes turn into t! lagcon, and the natives prevent them from es- eaping by forming a line with their eanocs across the opening, splashing with their oars and shouting. Thus hemmed in the whales are left strand by the retiring tide, and numbers of them are killed as they flounder about on the muddy bottom. Their skulls are placed in lines along shore as trophies, the Jor» pointed land- ward and the backs toward the lagoon. The round back of the skull of the white whale bas three a) Fesembling in shape and tion the eye and nose holes in a human skull. ‘Thus the effect to the eye at» little distance is a of the ekulls of giants arranged in lines. To an unprepared stranger this is quite startling. The Eskimo migrate in summer to the hills search of ground squirrel skins for undergar- ments, and at the same time they indulge in their annual custom of P sicking themselves with a diet of green weeds boiled in oil. WATER USED IN DIFFERENT CITIES, Even figures are sometimes picturesque. ‘Those put together by the census bureau seem to indicnte that the people of Chicago are cleaner than those of New York, inasmuch as the average Rerson jin the windy city uses ninety-one gallons of water daily, whereas the consumption of the same fluid on Manhattan Island is only seventy-four gallons per capita. Residents of Buffalo mustbe remarkably cleanly, inasmuch as each of them expends 196 gallons of water per diem. However, they are not in it as to this point with the citizens of Hoboken, N. J., who use 289 gallons apiece every day. The veople of Waco, Tex., would appear to be the largest consumers of the same element, their average being 519 gallons for each indi- vidual, but the greater part of this is employed for purposes of irrigation. On the basis of reckoning above adopted the residents of Fall River are unapproached in their economy of water, inasmuch as they utilize only twenty- five gallons daily per capita, CITIES WITH FOUNTAINS. Philadelphia ought to be called the city of fountains. It has 646 of them, Baltimore com- ing next with 187 and Boston third with seventy-four. The water supply of Milwaukee is largely consumed in the shape of beer. It drink more beer per capita than those of any tion. His face is full and his hair is of light Pother town, inasmuch as the beer gardens of brown. they can smile as sweetly as those of a bride or look as fierce as those of Lucifer himself. He is very straight in his bearing and he is, I judge, about 5 feet 10 inches high. THE KAISER'S RELIGION, ‘The kaiser is a very religious man. Yon re- member the story of his hymn book. Well, there is « good deal of question whether he wrote that book or not. I am told that it was got up at his direction, He goes to church, and he has services in the open air with his troops and he put down gambling in his regi- ment when he was in the army before he be- came emperor. He is doing all hecan to de- velop the moral condition of his people, and with all hie idosyncrasies he has many good Points, He is not a fanatic, though he has been pictured as such, and his religion seems to be road one, I understand that he is a very nia! man in private and that he throws off his ignily when he is off duty. He has no frills nor furbelows about him at such times and his whole face lights up when he talks to his friends, Re has a way of winking at people in the during his conversation, and when he shakes hands he shows that he means it. He is full of Permonal mognotinn, and thongn itis bard for a ing to hnvo a friend, I believe that the “Litt Kaiwer,” as he is called, has his friends here in Berlin. His best friends are men of solidity and nerve.and as for the emperor himeelf, there is no doubt of his having his full share of gourage. He showed this when he divmissed Bismarck and took the reins of government into | his own hands. It is generally conceded now | that he could not have gotten along with Bis- marck, and though the Germans bere,are sorr to seethe ld chancellor out of cae thou; et yy Tespect him, they are fast to a mire the kaiser Biemare and to im | ‘that * expulsion might not have such a bad thing after all. As between Bismarck and the kaiser, ‘the Germans will al: : go with the latter. maxk G. CARPENTER, es are of a brilliant blue, and Very much puffed up and ought tobe kicked— the foot ball, New York Truth. How to Cook a Ham. From the New York Observer. rtisement in another column tells us how. cook @ ham. A rule for selecting a ham can be given in a few words: Select Ferris’ ‘These and the eas bacon by the same house are to be relled w ‘The cook may ply her art in Fain ifthe matertal be not right to start with. ‘More delicious hams than those bearing the Ferris brand canuot be found and are not te be But having selected the best then {ndiypensabie. I lay down icacies of the dining the city have seating capacity for more than one-half of the population. The town which can boast of having the greatest number of saloons in proportion to its inhabitants is At- lantic City, N. J. It possesses fifteen such re- sorts for ‘every 1, pews. Butte City, Mont., which long held reputation of being the wichedest town in the United States, has only thirteen saloons per 1,000. has more dogs than any other city in this country, licensing 17,000 of these animals annually at #2 each. DENSITY OF CITY POPULATION. The census returns give a very interesting picture of the relative density of population in the great cities of this country and abroad. ‘Taking the ay » Chieago has only thirteen inhabitants to each acre of ground. p Sarre Much more crowded in New York, ninety-four of them being packed into each acre. Butin Paris there are 162 8 to each acre, and Berlin stands at the head of the list of Euro- pean cities with 255 individuals per acre. It seems rather curious to learn that New York Averages eighteen people for each dwelling, whereas London Aignres out only. eight persons for cach house. This is because London is very much epread out and most of the dwellings are small. In Paris, where the houses are mostly big and the people hive in flats, the average is twenty-seven for each house, and in Berlin, for a like reason, it is fifty-one. ' No other city in this country has so large a graveyard area as New York, its thirty-nine cemeteries contain- ing at present the remains of 1,868,672 dead people, The metropolis on Manhattan Island is also the best-lighted city, having forty-seven street lamps to each mile ‘of ‘Boston and Providence next with thirty lamps. New Haven is the town which has test area of parks jew York be- ‘MAPS SHOWING RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS. One of the novel features of the eleventh census is a series of colored maps showing the comparative prevalence of the 150 different hich aiff | Soiceainenset et shite eam , should both “a | holds that proper cookii is se aera peas Seaieaigetnbe 2 aut a oes ese Te ng ry alld muy be presumed that the peopl of Milwaukee = er * Teckoned. The fact seems that the ‘so Mormons are ited in nineteen states Porn ine! DIFFICULTIES IX SECURING IXFORMATION. ‘Many sects did all they could to avoid being enumerated, as fn the case of the German Baptiste calling themselves Dankards, who re- fared on the ground that the Bible says, “God's People are not to be numbered with the nations,” use births and deaths are not very regularly registered in the south the cen- sus bureau applied to pastors of negro churches ceive $5. Finally, in despair, he wrote that he would accept ‘‘n cheap watch” instead. In one ‘instance a clerk for a religious association wai called upon similarly for facts, being told tha the giving of them must be “a labor of love” part. In his response, addressed to Superintendent Porter, ho said:'“I am not sure what you mean by ‘a Inbor of love.’ If you ‘mean love for my people, do not see what good it will do them. If you mean love for yourself, I must confess to a weakness in that direction, but it is not powerful enough to induce me to do clerical work for you without com- pénsation.” GOLD AND SILVER atIKINO. Thero was $1.88 worth of silver and gold pro- duced in this country last year for every man, woman and child in the United States. To dig and refine it cost $20.67 per troy ounce for gold and $1an ounce for silver. This shows that mining for there precious metals is not @ Profitable industry on the whole, though indi- viduals make fortunes at it. The investment of money of Inbor in it ia like buying lottery tick- gts with a notion of securing a possible prize. It is encouraging to discover thay since 1860 tive United Statos has become the largest copper- Producing country in the world, turning out 000 pounds yearly, nearly all of it from Montana and Wyomlag. YEW PRECIOUS STONES. It seems oda that this country, eo rich in other natural resources, should be compara- tively barren of precious stones, Some gems ‘ere gathered on the beaches, as the aqates and chlorastrolites of Lake Superior, where they have fallen out of the rocks which have been gradually disintegrating. True beryls and gar- nets are frequently found incidentally to the mining of mica in Virginia and South Carolina. But tho finest garnets in the United States come from the home of the Navajo nation in north- west New Mexico and northeast Arizona, where they are collected from ant hills and ion neste by tho Indians, who dispose of then in eautiful garnets barter. These are the most in the world, being known as Arizona rubies, and they often yield cut stones weighing two or three carats. Turquoixe, which was worked by the Aztecs before the niards came, is now regularly mined in New Mexico by the Pueblo Indians, who broak up the rocks containing the valuable material by heating them and then pouring cold water on them. This is very apt to destroy the torquoise, turning it green. A few diamonds have been found in Cali- fornia, North Carolina and Georgia, but they are rare accidents, Thebiggest one, weighing tw ‘© carats, was picked up near Rich- mi ‘a. Sapphires, rubios and emeralds have ‘Leen discovered’ only in Montana and North Carolina, and they are not of much yalue, being color and usually flawed badly. Occasionally a suyferb amethyst is come across | in Delaware county, Penn. ‘Splendid cryatals of topaz have been found on Cheyenne moun- tain, near Pike's Peak in Colorado. One of them weighed a pound. Moss agate occure in great quantities in Wyoming, Colorado, Utsh and Montana. It was formerly used in jewel by the ton, but now there is no market for it worth mentioning, and it is only sold to tour- ists. Fossil corals are plentiful along the shores of Little Traverse bay, Mich. They taken high Polish ind make very pretty cuff buttons and other such trinkets. Amber occurs aiong the coast of New Jersey, but nowhere in sufficient quantities to make mining for it worth while. Reve Bacar. pea IN TBE TROPICS, The Naturalist Must Have the Courage of a Hero There. From the Quarterly Review. The naturalist in the tropics should have the courage of a hero, the enthusiasm of a martyr and the constitution of a horse, with the wis- dom of the serpent and the pliability of a diplo- mat; and whatever else may be incladed in his outfit, he must lay in an inexhaustible stock of patience. None of the natives know anything of the value of time, and they are ingenious in inventing difficulties to make the stranger draw his purse strings. Ho must risk death daily in many shapes, since there are treacherous sav- ages who mistrust his motives and are always ready with their lances and poisoned arrows. He ships himself in frail canoes to cross stormy estuaries that are wider than the English chan- nel or to shoot dangerous rapids. He bivouacs by the watch-fire, e doubtful protection agrinst the hungry carnivora that are prowling in search of prey, or he may tread upon deadly snakes or thrust his hand into a seorpion’s nest. He dare scarcely bathe for fear of the alligators, and unless he keeps his eyes about bim he may run his head against a hanging hornets’ nest or binnder into a legion of ents, who promptly seize him. The richest hunting grounds are the most tilential. Decaying vegetation generates Readly gases, miaema lies visible over the lagoons and marsh fevers and agues follow the course of every water channel. The qui- nine, however carefully husbanded, gives out at last, and then there is nothing ‘for it but resignation and stoical endurance. The ploring naturalist becomes more or less babitu- ted to chronic ill-health, and it is only the im- rative necessity for effort which supports im. He is almost always on short commons, and sometimes he is starving. The forests are full of animal life, yet the game is shy and hard to shoot. Mr. Bates tells us how after « long protracted diet of dried fish and the farinha of dusty cassava flour, his soul began to loathe that light food, and he felt an almost intolerable craving for flesh. For more than eleven years he en- dured these hardships, though” health and strength were steadily failing, and when he left the Brazils he was literally a wreck. Nor are minor anxieties and annoyances less worrying. The skins and specimens procured at great cost must be ed under the most trying conditions, and are frequently sacrificed by the gross stupidity of the natives. The treasures must be transported to the distant seaport, and the cases be not carefully secured they will sesuredly be gutted bs insects, As for Mr. Wallace, he bad the singular ill luck to lose the whole of his collection by @ conflagration atsea. Moreover. the zealous naturalist has opportumities of ‘study forced upon him with which he would very willingly dispense. Flights of night moths extinguish ‘the lamp or the flickering candle by which he is striving to write. He learned much more than cares to know about the mosquitoes, the sand fleas, the rateand the familiar snakes which infest his reed hut or swarm in his bed room. From head to foot he is. always covered with dites and festering stings till very misery Belt, in his “Natur- Slut la Nlesragua,” congratvin in ” congratulates himself once on his being s0 thoroughly sucked and drained by the mosquitoes that the disgusted blood Pampers left him alone, because they could find no he | anold story, by the way, that the fresh oj for a Promising pune- re. Of couse the” dest temper will break down under such trials, and we remark that a. a nevis home to- z ve arranged to ‘work on soparate beste, —+ Thin Dict. From the New York Tribune. ° A Scotch paper tells of a farmer's wife who has a great deal of trouble with her servants. The other day one of them came to her to say: “Madame, I fear I shall not be able to work mueh longer. Ithink I am going blind.” “Why, how is that? You seem to get along pretty well with your work.” “Yes; but I can no longer see any meat on m: ite at dinner.” The Hermes wie onderafod: cud the next day the servants were serv ith v large and very thin pieces of meat. ‘(How nice! betete than | ever.” Kf is that, Balla?” so the Plate through the meat.” =o “ EWS ABOUT BIRDS.) Talk of Men Who Make Feathered | Creatures Their Study. Cee es NOTES FROM ORNITHOLOGISTS = Egce That Are Dangerous Explosives and Others Which Were Laid by Giant Reptiles: | Long Ago—Odd Uses of Exgs aed Exe Shelis—Feathers for Out-of-the-Way Pur- | = HE ORNITHOLO-| sists in convention here during the past week have been saying more lnteresting and remark- able things about eggs and feathers than ordi nary people have ever dreamed of. For ex- ample, who would have imegined that any kind of eggs could be dan- gerous to human life? ostrich eggs sometimes explode like bomb- shells. Not long ago Dr. Bauer at the Smith- sonian Institution was the victim of sich an accident. An ostrich egg in which he was boring a hole for the parpose of extracting the contents bad become very much addled and the gases generated inside onused it to blow up in his hand, the fiying fragments of shell ent- ting him severely. On at least two occasions similar occurrences have revulted in the serious wounding of persona, It should be remem- dered that the shell of an ostrich ogg is more than a quarter of an inch thick and extremely THE MAMMOTH ROO EGO. By the way, the most interesting egg at the Smithsonian Institation discounts the egg of the ostrich in point of size, being of = bigness equal to 148 hens’ eggs, It is the egg of @ roc, such as Sinbad the Sailor described. Though his account of it was somewhat rated that bird did actually exist only a few hundred Years ago in Madagascar, whence accounts of it ‘were brought by voyaging Arabs, It is known to science as the epiornis, and it stood ten feet high in its bare feet, its leg bones being as large and heavy as those of a horse. Many of the eggs of thix gigantic fowl have been taken from the graves of native chiefs, in which they were buried. EGGS OF GIANT REPTILES. But, the ornithologists aay, it would be a great mistake to suppose that tho egg of the roe is the biggest that has ever been known. Most, if not all, of the giant reptiles of the mesozoic epoch ‘Inid eggs. Imagine how great in bulk must have been the egg of such a crea- ture as the atlantosaur, which attained a length of 100 feet from its nose to the end of its tail. The mosnsnurs of that wonderful period, which | were actual ica serpents eighty feet long and more, were egg layers. Science is rather in- d to think that ouch sea serpents do in reality exist at the prosent day. interesting it w some of these mighty reptiles of the past were at least three fect long, and they must have bad | E they were laid where they could be hatched by the heat of the sun. One might imagine such a huge egg, in shape nearly cylin- drical and purely white, iying on the shore of a cretuceous sea. Presently it opens and out crawls some ¢uch infant monster as the stego- saur, which few years later will have a length of thirty fect, being clad in an armor of maé- sive bony plates and possessing a brain in ite tail ten times as big as that in ite skull. THE MOST VALUABLE BGQ, The Smithsonian Institution, under the auspices of which the ornithologists held their convention, possesses the most valuable egg in the world. It is an egg of the great auk, which became extinct about fifty years ago. The value of it is nominally $1,500, bat it could not be purchased for that sum. ‘Most people do not realize that there are other eggs besides those of hens which have enormous commercial value. In England so-called ‘*plovers’ eggs,” which are reaily those of lapwings, are sent to the city markets from the rural districts by hundreds of thousands, ‘They are esteemed « great delicacy and futch a very high price, use of them being for that reason confined al- most exclusively to the aristocracy and other Joxarious persons. a) only about the size of pigeons’ eggs a many are re- quired to make a dish. Men make a business of gathering them from the nests in marshes and wet fields, A very extensive trade exists in the eggs of certain sea fowls, chiefly the murres and , which congregate in vast num about Ice- land, Greenland, Labrador, the Hebrides and elsewhere in the north Atlantic as well as in the north Pacific. a of Rey! — as .” are regularly employed in gatheri these ey which are as = gy eat as ion laid by hens, thongh the of the birds is too fishy to be edible. Much of what is known as “egg albumen,” used by bakers and others for cooking purposes, is manufactured from the whites of these eggs and sent to market in the shape of a dry crystali roduct resem- bling fine glue in appearance. ea fowls’ eggs have one remarkable peculiarity. | The are nearly conical in form, broad at the base and sharp at the point, 20 that they will only roll ina circle, ey are Inid on the bare ledges of high rocks, from which they would almost surely roll off save for this happy pro- vision of nature. THE PRAIRIE COCKTAIL. One of the ornithologists at the convention spoke with high praise of what he said was | pi known in the west as a “prairie cocktaiL" Itis dropped in a glass, floated in enough vinegar to cover 1t, with a pinch of salt and © dash “of per, and swallowed at a gulp. Referring to e commercial uses of eggs it is worth men- tioning that a factory was established a few years ago at Gloucester, Mass, for the purpose of making albumen for photographic paper eggs. Most have seen beautiful jewel boxes wi the dark green eggs of theemu. The Japanese turn outakind of lacquer ware with a mosai surface composed of pieces of egg shell. Ii eggs for a year and then dig them up, they have obtained a flavor which much prized as a delicacy. United States send freak sonian Institution, which mens, each cont eemaller while others resemble crook- with necks like jug handles. olks are not ans ring forth fo Africa a species of resembling thote of size and with hard BIRD FEATHERS. Dr. Elliott Cones, noted as an gist, says that the feather of the bird is ‘the scale of the lizard or a serpent is known that all of the birds etic Ht iret about fy H i | i i i than scales, —— qpille without tay he serves admirably’ which the scale was formed into fraying out at the edges, as 3 if Se F & iy E A ! g z i | i at i i Yet they declare that | How vers | bo if an egg of one of them | should be discovered. Doubtless the eggs of | are made out of | © EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D. C.- SATURDAY. NOVEMBER 26, 1892—SIXTEEN PAGES. et oo aay aR feathers of the the end of from a bit of are the wing tip of toe. deaneetis peacock. A few strands of yellow and red and the head is of black ostrich feather. Flies s0 claLoratens this cost $12.adoren. Of course there are endless variations in their make-u | Cheap ones, of ratively inexpensive m terial, would probably be quite ac effective lures, but they would not satisfy the Juxurious taste of fancy anglers. EFFECTIVENESS © NT TRATHERS. One of the oddest uses for feathors is to re- cover women from fainting spells by burning them. Probably their effectiveness for this Purpore is largely imaginary, but faith in their efficacy is widespread and persistent. An or- nitholowist at the convention mentioned the fact that tailors make tobrcco bags out of the ekins of the fect of the albatross. Iso manu- facture pipe stems out of the radius wing bones of that great sen forl, which are more than ® foot long. The wing bone of the wild turkey is used for a whistie, with which sportemen imi- tate the cry of the gobbler more accurately than is possible y other instrament, The only bird’ thot isusefal in any way is that of the roseate spoonbill, which is em- ployed asa handle for fans composed of Spoonbill’s own feathers. Bonks are ordinarily bony and insensibie to feeling, but those of the turkey, covered with the sword feather of «| | ! That Which Took Piace in November, 1833— Description of an As apropos to the shooting stare that cansed #0 much comment Thursday, the Rev. Dr. Wm. M. Osborne gives the following account of the reat meteoric disply that took place Novem- ber 18, 1888: ‘The season for auroral scintillation: en@ meteoric showers is now passing. Why Novem- ber reveals to the bebolder the more magnifi- ceat array of astronomical phenomens is left for tae novice to conjecture and philosophers to @ivine. No doubt the position of our earth om her aris, together with her annual revolution, give to the student of natures faint clue toward unraveling a mystery unsolved by Newton and unsatisfactorily explained by Her schell and Werren. Occasional meteors ere discerned by the most casual observer, but for the whole heavens to be aglow with these Stranse corruscations begets a subject for the Mort learned —disquisitors and meteorole~ Bical investications. Such was th Aspect of the firmament November 13, 1888, och in the obserratic with- out a parallel since the Ptoi erent was so strange that it called forth me- merous eketches: vet how tame and puertle the mot highly wrought picture of the imagines tion placed alongside oi one of the grandest dispinye of hc stare recorded in the worlds history. Though but alad the otenr- rence left impressions upon the writer's min@ never to be effaced from the tablet of memory. Noveraber of that yeat hed opened with clear skies and autumnal frosts, changing the Inxe- crimson riant foliage of garden and forest into and gold and giving clearness to the atmas- here and brillianey to myriads of stars, twink img in the heavens at eventide. For months the public mind had been iv over the threatening atutude rts ey thrown its lengthened tail far over the skies, but to the joy of ail was now snipe and woodeock are exquinitely sensitive Rervous probes, which, when inserted into the ground three inches or mere, ive the Presence of a worm. The eye of any bird pos sesses an optical peculiarity whieh is very ex- traordinary. It has the form of an acorn and is kept in shape by a bony cup or ring sur- rounding it. Inside of the back part of the organ is an apparatus for the instantaneous | adaptation of focus to any distance. For lack of such a contrivance the eye of a human being requires an appreciable time to change ite focus from the distant to the near point or vice versa; but with a bird it is different. For example, « humming bird will see a flower a rod away and dart to it like lightning: yet on reaching the Duch which bears the flower it is able to gras; the twig with its feet with certainty, as it coul not do except for the peculiar arrangement de- scribed. TRUFFLE. — THE DELECTABI Facts of Interest About Its Production and Consumption in Europe. From the London Telerraph. Whether plainly boiled, like the humble po- tato, served ina snow-white napkin, and eaten with shavings of cold butter, or inlaid in tiny blocks like miniature black dice into gooseliver, turkey’s breast or pig's feet—or again, shredded dolicstely over the creamy surface of supremes de yolaille—the truffle, despite 1ts costliness, is deservedly a favorit» esculent throughout the civilized world. Only two European countries produce it in any considerable quantity, France and Italy, the respective hqmes of the black and white varieties, the latier of which—highly my eminent gourmcts—is almost found in certain Picd:jontere val- leys, Even in frugal Germany it is in such great request among the wealthier clusses that strenuous efforts are at present being made to encourage its local cultivation. Until very lately, althongh the annual turnover |in “the French trade in Perigord truffles \bas averaged 50,000,000 france for many | years past, German soil has only yielded some 2,000 pounds weight of the “tuber cibarium” per annum. representing a value of 7,000 marke, about the equivalent of £350. Henee a large quantity has necessarily been imported into the fatherland from France, not only for culinary purposes, but for the preparation of the famous Strassburg ““truffel-pasteten” or “pates de foie gras,” and of the toothsome truflied sausages which are manufactured in vast numbers at Brunswick and Apolds. Nearly s ton’s weight of French truffles is utilized yearly in the Alsatian capital alone, and about half as muah more is worked wp into ex- pensiye “wurst” in the other German towns above mentioned. The value of the total quan- tity annually imported is between nine and ten thousand pounds sterling, inasmuch ns the price of the French tuber varies in different parte of the German empire from 5 to 10 shil- jinge per pound, whereas the uative truffle, being free of duty, fetches from 3 to 4 shillings. NATURAL COOKERY. Some Ways of Spoiling Edipies in Preparing ‘Them. From Blackwood's Magazine. The true national uses of the art of cookery do not lie in its scientific and expensive appli- cations (if they did cookery would be closed to all but the rich), bat in the preparation ina cottage or @ palace of every articlé of food, whether alone or in combination with others, in such a fashion that it shail retain the indi- viduality that nature gave it, the full essence that belongs thereto, the properties, the aroma, the action on the palate that are specific to from every other. Bad cooks wre unable to be- stow this character on their work; each of their productions resembles every other more or less in utter contradiction to the fundamental law echo from elsewhere. When that result is ob- tained, no matter where or in what,in the simplest as in the most complicated work, trae cookery has been applied. In re Tieation of swaggering dishes, and that no one can be a good cook who does not possess juaintance with such conceits. The Belgians and the Germans (especially the South Ger- mans) are probably at this moment the most improving cooks in Europe, precisely because they perceive and apply the lawof individual which alone can give true variety to cookers. many contradictory dishes are being pre in the same kitchen—each one infecting & with its own smell, combining that emell with Rho | the others, and forming in each dish a mixture of them ali—that hotel and restaurant cooking erally so detestable. cabbage soup of a cottage (yon may see ft simmering all day in almor every but in France and Germany) stews in pure air; it re- maine itself, untainted by. unpolluted ‘by. the hundred damaging contacts of the of a great kitchen, and for thet reason all true critics of cookery will declare it to be a more bh re} ciples of the art than any of the hundred plate sent up from a recking basement in Paris, sevinisramas herenneen dow jotely bas bought of the National 8. D. at tor 87, 81.35 and wold to that every dish shall be in itself alone with no | ngiand, however, the distressing error | generally that cookery implies the fab- | man vision. Old men bad morsli women had praved and wept over the threat ened catastrophe of a world swept from its providential moorings by the comet, until the pubsic pared Tor upon falling stare and ona world in the giare of ite own r from the earth and gradually and timid mingled in the immaculate vision of the “milky way,” shining with a transparency entrancing the bolder with the grandeur and glory of the Divine works. and constellations, hidden from mortal gaze during the ear! watches of the nigh splendor through the mm ad hoar frost over rit whiteniag them into evs like some uncreated counterpart of those beautifully wrought images so graphically por- sion of St.Jobn. But yonder t corner of the forth « star brighter H And look, others “sion while the silent be- ands awestruck, as one brighter yet daria across the sky and in ate rapid fight illumes the entire horizon with « sunlight efful- gence. The vision brightens as the meteors om east to west, from north te of unearthly radiance, reminding the beholder of the divinely portrayed pinion of the coming judgment. With the approach of morning the startling phenomena approximate the The multitude of fixed stars, tant and constant . become lost to human gaze. divergent meteors now blend in one vast sheet of light, obscuring for a season every stellar torch, which seemed ashamed to cast its out- crowd to open doors or look through lifted win- dows. Each glances at the other with bated breath to read if he Tor written as in biack lines ! 5 li ii oh Lett nt to flames the realms of And heaven s Inst trumpet shakes with the sudden uplifting te “ the vision disappears, lear: then a silver line—acrom the | luminous track of an expiring meteor, that memorable event over half a century has been the attendant witness of rising and luminaries, but that evening's im the “long ago” are more vivid!y outlined on the | tablet of memory then are ancient hieraglyph- foe chiscled as with an angel's hand on mone- | ments of marble and gold. Worlds and stars ‘the brighter velf and which ought to distinguish each dish Te Ultimately to fade away amid jory of the Prince of Peace. a Gans HM From the Ladies’ Homie Journal Asa “very queer emali boy” he used to walk up to the it stood on the summit of @ high bill lays, or when his heart ached writes Mamie Dickens in icle on “My Father as I Recall He would stand and Jook at it, for as @ wonderful liking and ad- », and it was, to no otner house he had ever seen. walk up and down before it with his father, it with delight, and the latter would perhaps if be worked hard, and nd grew up to bea good man he might some day come to live in house. His love for this place went thi whole life and was with him until his ‘Mr. Pickwick” and his | Rochester to Cobham by the on ho! i Ht Siillicei ‘Whoa, dropped my whip!” After bis marriage his wife for the honeymoon to | Chalk, between Gravesend and ———+0-____—. A Popular Host. From the New York Weekly. hands?” Clerk. “Tes, the old landlord busted ap— owed thousands of dollars to all the te eee ee