Evening Star Newspaper, June 18, 1892, Page 11

THE OLD Ni fa age LGN he alee AQUEDUCT. IN RIO JANEIRO. Some Interesting Remarks About That Well-Known Brazilian Capital. TRANSPORTATION. CAPUTAL Everything is Carried on the Head, and Most of the Carriers are Women—A Visit to the Market Place—The Old and New Water Works. GBrecial Correspondence of The Evening Star. Rio pg Jaxemo, May 2, 1892. | | of imprisoned poultry. To the very ybese im figure, and inclined, at the age of obese i | twenty-five or thereabouts, to develop mus- taches worthy of grenadiers, A OURIONS COMBINATION, One may stroll for hours, if he can endure the mingled odors of fish and filth, decayed vegetables and dirty humans, among thick-set ranks of baskets of fruit—mostly fruits un- known to northern eyes—ot every conceivable shape and color, smooth, ridged, knobbed and set with spines; vegetables queer in shape and hue, suggesting complicated colics of which our plain “garden sass” is innocent; fish inglit- tering piles, scaly, slimy and odorous, but showing lovely lines of ruby, opal, emerald, pearl and gold, If youare brave enough to penetrate the depths of the interior you lind more gipsy-like, half-naked biucksters equatted on the ground, their chatter sound- ing above the gibbering of monkeys, the v7, paw, of shrill-voiced parrots an: awking “Toot the commodities are piled, and from ‘the central N NO PART OF THE| rafters swing inflated bladders, strings of world except Paraguay are so many and diverse articles carried about on people's heads as in Brazil. In the former country (which is pe- \ euliarly one of women, you know, since most of the men were killed in Lopez's wars) when you call at a house ard band the servant your eard to present to the mix jroas she claps it on her head and walks off, with back braced as stiffly aff the bit of pasteboard | woighed a hundred pounds, precisely as the female porters “‘tote” your trunks up town from the railway station or steamboat landing and the waitress brings your dinner or laundered linen or freshly blackened boots. Here in Rio everything movable is carried on the head—from cakes to coffins, with corpses inside; from piano eases and wardrobes, to the smallest Is, Asa rule, the streets are too narrow for carts and drays: horwes are scarce end negroes numerous, and so the intter instéad as beasts of burden. Dry goods ps diers perambulate the streets, striking their = =a CAPUTAL TRANSPORTATION. oo yard sticks ly together, like elongated castinets, iy front of every house, followed by rs bearing on their heads chests, bales and | aaleop ys dar heel -or dhngpe a degeel e mts and all the rest of female toggery. We itinerant plan to of mutuel advantage, foc it is considered | beneath the dignity of ladies belonging to the better class to visit the shops, and it enables the merchants to work off many things they could not otherwise dispose of. In the same way the furniture desler sends around his ebairs and tables and sofas for inspection. The tin-ahop man, beating a fring pan to call at- tention. crowds everybody off the narrow side- walk with his bulging load of culinary utensils, topped, perhaps.with a bath tub or a tin trunk, euch as Brazilians use for traveling, painted aky blue, with scarlet and purple roses on the front. YEORTABLE AND MEAT PEDDLERS, Fruit, poultry and vegetables are borne from oor to door om the heads of market men and women. The butcher sends his man around with the odds and ends of the slaughter house— tripe, liver, sheep's heads, brains—piled on a shallow tray. Water carriers balance casks and buckets on their heads; cooks, chamber- maids and waiters follow the universal fashion. Ask for a glass of water, an orange, a towel and nine times out of ten it will be brought to you on somebod: nd should you die here (uhich may id!) you would probably toted to Caju in the sume manner. Do you see that stalwart Zenobia whose bare ‘arms and legs are round, firm and glossy as pol- ished ebony, stalking up the street with all the diginity of s queen andadeal more natural grees, alancing a folded ‘fotton umbrella, on of her kinky crest. Though her head is otherwise bare iz the hottest rats of the neon: day sun, she feels no need of shade, being born te heat, like the palms or orchids. ‘It is related that in the carly days of railroad building in Brazil the laborers employed in the work of excavation carried away thousands of tons of dirt in baskets on their heads. Some Henry Bergh of a contractor, pitving their arduous tail in this sweltering ‘climate, wont to no end of trouble and expense to provide them with Yankee wheelbarrows. The workmen eved the new-fangled contrivances with evident distrust, Dut accepted them without a murmer, as in duty bound. Au hour later, when the philan- thropic contractor came down to see how they Were getting on with the new labor savers, day—the Atlantis and Telamones of mythology t down to modern times. A VISIT TO THE MARKET PLACE. ‘To one who can arise with the lark a visit to | theds that ramble down adjacent several open squares. Up to 18a4 Bo have one central place for that commodity on | entirely sccount of the tithes rigorously exacted from | it men. Most af the produce now sold in Rio is brought in bosts from the fertile islands and shores of the bay. During the early of the day the market place is always more crowded. It is crammed with gesticulat- eee, filling the air with smoke and apd negresses, clothed in perspira- | most fashionable chu! ity _— with a garment, and not much else, and gorgeous turban, with the addition of a and it. = highly questionable and quite | high | | i | of crabs, «brimpa, lobsters and other sli a | ern houses. Yet t sausage, tripe, salted fish, articles of clothing and goodness knows what not. Birds whose brilliant plumage looks aa if it had been dipped in melted ‘poe hop about in cages of wild bamboo, skins of toncans, flamingoes and other gorgeous feathered creatures hang on door costs, countless monkeys mock humanity and Tundreds of “frigate” birds,” hovering over all, with wings like those the early Italian painters bestowed upon Beelzebub and his at- tendant devils, add confusion to the outery and bewilderment of motion to the scene, PUTTING UP THE Prices. You naturally essay to purchase certain fruits and curiosities, and are warmly encouraged thereto by perepiring merchants at their backets and counters: but you are amazed to find that the price of everything you approach is promptly advanced a thousand per cent. Bel travelers, of course from afar, you are believ limited cash a about your Therefore the oranges, figs, pears, &¢., that you have just seen sold R the rate of half dozen for a penny are now quoted at a shillt: apiece, and no abatement by the quantity. An person. you will find the same condition of affairs all over the country for every dealer, great or the air at the spprosch of « presumably opulent foreigner. Strolling down to the water's edge, you come upon heapa ver- min of the sea; a dirty lot of Greek fisher- men, cleaning. salting and selling their finny plunder, throwing their offal into the street for pedestrians to walk over.and swearing “like troopers” the while—if it be true that troopers swear worse than anybody else. THE OLD GARIOCA AQUEDUCT. One of the sights that most impresea stranger in Rio is the old Carioca aqueduct, a remnant of colonial times, constructed a century and 8 teresting. It is twelve miles long, and crosses the valley between Sania Thereza and San Antonio Hill on a double series of arches, the gap being 90 feet deep and 740 feet wide. Its supply is drawn from small 3 flowing down the Carioca hills, and at ead are three tanks, built of cut stone, called the ‘Mae d’Agua’—mother of water. ‘The work of conveying water into the city was begun by the Jesuits as early as 1673, and their aqueduct, made of open tile laid on foundations of masonry, passed down to the voir on the Largo da Carioca. It was partly built by the conquered Indians, but complete: by African slaves, which the municipality im- ported for the purpose, and, th somewhat demoralized by wind and weather, it is yet in use, The later aqueduct did not follow quite the same course, though it empties at the same lace, and its tall stone arches, 8] busy Rua (street) dos Arcos, ninety feet forma one of Eav's ponerse) rae: hing THE NEW WATER WORKS. As the city grew the water supply bad to be further increased and now much of it comes from Rio do Ouro water works. The latter being of modern construction are much more elaborate in character than the old ones, but probably will not last as long. ‘The plans were furnished to the government by en gineers and executed by English contractors at the cost of about two and a half milli ling. Its minimum daily supply is at 10,000,000 gallons and ita receit reservoir is 400 feet above the sea level, thirty-three miles from the main distributing reservoir, from whence the water is carried " the city in iron pipes, supplying the best mod- great buik of the tion still go to the old reservoir on the Ga Carioca, or depend upon the water carriers for the daily supply, and to them the old Jesuit aqueduct is the first and greatest wonder in the world, never to be equaled by modern engineer- ing. In the early mornings the streets ewarm with water carriers and with house servants going after the day's. supply, bearing cans buckets upon their heads. As in days when Rebecca went to the well the public fountains are the great meeting places for gossipers. ‘Those of Rio present a scene of perpetual ani- mation, and often a detachment of soldiers have to be called to preserve order. ‘THE CHURCH ON CASTLE HILL, Among the ancient landmarks is the little church on Castle Hill, whose construction was begun in 1567, immediately after the site of the city was changed from Villa Velha to that it now occupies. It was dedicated to Sao Sebas- tiao, the city’s patron saint, and the ashes of its founder, Estacio de Sa, rest within its walls For about two centuries it served as the ¢athedral church,until the Capella Ignperial was built, at the corner of the stréets now patriot- ically called “First of March” and “Seventh of ‘The latter is the most interesting | slippers and cigarette, bead necilace | overlooking the bay and seen b: 28 TUR MARKET PLACE, edifice, historically, in Rio. It occupies the site of an ancient hermitage of the Camelites, who had a monastery close by. King Joao VI selected the little “church Tor a "Gu In. perial” and connected it with the old palace and the monastery by covered , built over the street for the convenience of family. King John made extensive improve- ments in the chapel and Dom Pedro rebuilt” ite facade, : shabby and dilay dim and moldy by reason of ancient altar paintings executed by long dead arrangement is as as Portugal. and if the restless Joao walics angwhere, it is sure hin Rio da Gloria do Outeiso,” situated i f is is rie f Z s F is 28 itis outward-bound vessels, small i f ! : the will | eh half ago, and as picturesque as historically in- in resent reeer- | {, jons, ater- | estimated EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D. C, SATURD: ve-| BONES FROM CAVERNS fens | Burial Places for Tribes of Beasts THE PROTESTANT CHURCHES FEW. “The Protestant churches of Rio are few in number and rosperous societies for service in E and the building ofarather handsome cburch edifice and the creation of « first-class school for girls, which occupies the site of » Jesuit Indian mission. the Methodist church is the th tin; if Tabowt 400. Tt wes with a seating ca} of about 400. It was aed American Baptist So- y jon here, shed about eight years but has not yet erected a church. The church of the American Prosby- teriun mission is 9 plain, substantial structure of roughly dressed granite, set well back from the street within its own ground and en concealed by the mission b t has seating capacity of 600. |The services aro on- auoted in ‘and {te society is largely composed of natives. There is a German Evan- Pop ad church on the mas dos Tavelid idos (“street of sicl ”), very #1 and plain in ap] ance. Te sockety was, eotabliched ‘here’avout Hixty years ago. oldest existing mission is that known as the “Igroja Evangelica Flumin- nee," which wag founded bye Scotch physi- cian—Dr. R. R. Kalley—and is now composed almost exclusively of converted Portuguese and Brazilians. Their sanctuary on the Hua d’San Joaguine looks like anything but a church, hav- ing been built according to the provisions of i 2 rotertant wordlip, al jough finished as late as 1886. 001 waintained in connection and its work is said to be most excellent. Faxwy B. Warp. BRIGHT AND CHARACTERISTIC. Some Corrections by “Grace Greenwood.” To the Editor of The Evening Star: In your last Saturday's affluent issue, and in an article on Washington's literary celebrities, written by that clever and kindly journalist, Mr. Croffut, and entitled “Boston's Glory Gone," I came upon a complimentary mention of myself, I find nofault with the critical esti- mate of that notice. It is finely appreciative. It does us both honor. I am quite to take my part in the “looting of Boston’s glory.” ‘That city has been too much stuck up by her Longfellows and Lowells, her Parkers and Par- tingtons, her Howes and Howells, but in the Greenwood biographical notes the author of that spicy salmagundi of celebrities is a little off | the track. Imprimis—I never was “‘a governess in Dr. Bailey's family,” or in any other family— noteven my own. Inall the rash conceit of outh I did not consider that I knew enough instruct bright children in “the three R's (0s ‘rithmatic), so took to literature in- | stead, thinking that the public would not so easily find me out. I was, for a few years, | attached to the National Era, as a regular con- | tributor and foreign correspondent, but I did | not acquire the little knowledge I have of the | literary craft from Dr. Bailey, or through work on his admirable journal. Twas before coming to Washington a tolera- bly well-known newspaper and magazine writer. Yousd I began early—“lisped in numbers," c To the complimentary personal description, though largely traditional, I do not care to object. It is nt Sunday reading—refresh- iug one’s ‘memory. There are few hereabouts able to gainsay that gallant tribute to the “beauty of my youth”—and they won't be cruel enough to doit. That about the “Websterian brow and eyes” of the present time is goo bit I must think that the luxuriant hair, whic ringlets used to meander about that “@ome-like brow” and softly veil its sublime altitude, was better, and that the Inughing un Websterian eyes, which knew not “Franklin & ©o., opticians," were best of all. A “firm mouth” for mo is new, and, alas, not true, If the gods made me sucha mouth and be- stowed on me corresponding ambition, will and decision, I might have accomplished something in this world and been somebody worth writing about, It is hard to satisfy some women. Now, though this article consolingly states tbat I am down the declivity of lie on Capitol Hill with considerable comfort,” I am, in fact, ly waiting for the cable cars. My generous felend and neighbor further- more says: “Her husband and son are cleaks here.” Not correct of either gentleman, cepecially of the younger, who is not in office; not only through lack of influence, but of personal entity—withont @ certain amount of which, I suppose, he could hardly pase a civil service examination, In other words, the memorable words of Betsey » “There's no sich a ” Thave no son, and, to the best Shang carcialie and belief, I have never had a son, GRace GREExwoop. Capitol Hill, June 14. Other Noises Than Hucksters’ Cries. To the Editor of The Evening Star: ‘We would like to inquire of ‘Capitol Hill” if he or she has ever kept the neighbors awake with yells resembling the fishman’s? “Oh, horrors! Of course not!” Well, perhaps you did not, but for two summers our life has been ® burden by reason of our ‘‘musical” neighbors. One of them, s married woman, with nothing to do, played on her piano from 8 o'clock a.m. till 12 p.m., stopping only to eat. Not even Sun- day could we count on more than three hours, in ents, of quiet, It goes without saying that woman is nots true musician. Judg- ing from the sounds she “plays by ear,” and the ea a out of eure a eaere 0 wo mo ing the so-calied “West Ena Here, with the x ception of two hours in the morning, the days wore free from ‘music."" We used to wish we had time to sleep in the day, because every night regularly at 10 o'clock the pianos of the neigh- borl “to get in their work.” From that time till 1 o'clock, sometimes 1:50, there was no males and females “singing” as loud as they could scream, or else loud instrumental noise. If we closed the windows the noise still | ee. and we had to endure the di st besides. When ous, country follows the fashion of some of Germany and ol people love thetr doors and windows while consit. ting musical noise we shall not be such a| “cross,” nervous set. It is quite possible that these hucksters are kept. awake by those noises | during the first part of the night and think “turn about is fair play.” At any rate, they are read for themselves and to secure smilies. We are pot hucksters, but we believe in show- ing both sides of the picture, and beg leave to suggest that people living in cities endeavor to tice some Christian consideration. If Jastice were done these “fashionable loafers” ‘and all who make a nuisance of themselves by untimely noise would be treated as other nuisance ers are treated. We have called them ‘‘fadhionable,” but we mean refined nor first class, Persons of true | refinement have some regard for others. In| some first-class hotels even in this America the | are requested not to make a noise in | cir rooms after 10:30, nailing of Inggage | and other employments likely to disturb peop! being postponed till morning. Oxz Wo Kxows, —-- A Colored Girl's Complaint of Rowdyism. ‘To the Editor of The Evening Star: Last night while I was going home from my service place and while walking on the west side of 3d street northwest and when near the I E i i F ie i z af i H é 5 Ee id i 3 Z ft 1% jashington, June r Long Extinot. GOBBLED BY HYENAS,. Osscous Relics Gathered by Fierce Carni- vores—-Tropical Animals in Arctic Regions— 8,000 Cubic Feet of Bone Dust—Bears and ‘Men of Long Ago. something mysteri- caverns. le love to explore them, with the feeling that they S are prying into the in- Kentucky is full of natural caves, formed mostly by the action of water, some of which extend their subterra- nean tunnels for bun- dreds of miles. Limestone formations, wher- everfound, are apt to be honeycombed with holes big and little. The celebrated labyrinth of Crete was nothing more than a series of such hollows in rock, helped out by a few artificial corridors between the vaultings which com- posed this wonder of clastic antiguity. ‘The whole island is said to be a “work caverns,” Nearly all accessible caves were in the past tenanted by wild animals, which have left enormous quantities of their remains behind them in such localities. In them the scientific explorer discovers the osseous relics of beasts long extinct, which trod the earth thousands upon thousands of years ago. Quite commonly ‘these bones are not fossilized, Dut, being pre- served by loamy sediment and limy incrusta- tion, actually retain their original gelatine. Often those found ina single cavern, “if they could be clad in the flesh again’ and wall abroad, would suffice to furnish a score of as attractive menageries as ever accompanied a circus. Nay, more, they would form mighty herds of strange creatures, many of them most formidable and ferocious, such as are only known today by skeletons more or leas incom- plete. TROPICAL BEASTS IX ENOLAND. One cave at Kirkdale in England was opened accidentally not long ago by quarrymen, hav- ing been closed and concealed for ages by detrivas overgrown with grass. It was a vert- table charnel house, crowded with the bones of numerous species of animals, among which were many of elephants, rhinoceroses, hippo- potami, tigers and hyenas. There were plentiful remains of bears, wolves, oxen, deer, foxes, weasels and several kinds of birds. ” Inas~ much as the diameter of the hole was only about three or four feet it was evident that the great beasts above mentioned could not have died there. Undoubtedly the bones were fetched thither by hyenas, which used the cavern as a den. But what amazing conjectures respect- ing the fauna of Great Britain during the epoch when these creatures lived are suggested by the discovery of such relics of giant pachyderms and great carnivores in that region! Evidently the climate in that latitude must have been tropical during the lifetime of the beasts, At present the elephant, rhinoceros, hippopotamus and hyena are only found near the equator. But in far northern Siberia, where now eternal cold reigns, must formerly have been everlasting summer, judging from the fos- sil palms and orocodiles found in that region 80 abundantly. Along the shores of the Arctic ocean, from Archangel to Bering strait, the bones of elephants are occasionally discovered in enormous heaps. At the mouth of the Lena river there are whole islands composed of such bones and mud. Such quantities of them are | sometimes incased in icebergs as to form an im- portant article of commerce, being melted out yy the heat of the sun during the short warm season on the coast of Tungusia, Lieut. Kotzebue discovered in the western part of the gulf to the north of Bering strait a mountain of solid ice covered with moss and grass, The surface of this extraordinary bill was com of earth and sand, only about six inches thick, beneath which the ice was grad- ually melting. As it melted great numbers of the bones and tecth of mammoths were ex- toview. The story of the mammoth's carcase, found with all its flesh entire in the frozen gravel of Tungusia, where it had pre- sumably been buried for something like 100,000 Years, is already a familiar one. A few years previously, in 1771, @ woolly rhinoceros ® similar condition of preservation was ‘unearthed in Biberia. ‘The head and feet of the animal are now in a museum at Bt. Petersburg, together with a large quantity of ite wool. #0 numerously are the remains of mammoths dug up in that part of the world that their tala thus obtained have for many years formed large of the entire market su Ivory Pho. name mammoth,” meanley “gore mal of the earth,” was originally conferred by the natives, who supposed that the huge crea- ture lived underground like a mole, * COLLECTED BY HYENAS. To return to the cave at Kirkdale, there is no doubt that the bones found there were col- lected and brought into the cavern by the hyenas, the marks of whose teeth are to be plainly seen upon them. Itisnot to be su; posed that these carnivores, fierce though they were, were able to kill rhinoceroses, hip tami and tigers; but they would have no dif- jeulty in dismembering with their powerful jaws such great beasts if they found the latter dead. ‘The hyenas of today are famous scaven- gers, clearing the plains of carcasses and even carrying away skeletons which the vultures have picked clean. Their love of potia flesh induces them to follow armies for the purpose of dismnterring human bodies. They inhabit holes in the earth and chasms in rocks, are ex- ceedingly flerce and often attack stronger quad- rupeds than themselves, ‘hus it is not surprising that theee by of long ago, which were much bigger and proba- bly more ferocious than any of the three species now existing, should have made such vast accu- mulation of bones in caves, whither brought them for the pu ‘of devou them. Inasmuch as they eat each other's bodies, and even attack and gobble up any of their own kind which are sick or wounded, the presence of very many hyenas’ bones inthe same caverns, similarly gnawed, does not excite astonishment. In the collectons made by them are discovered numerous teeth, among them those of elephants, which are, naturally, otter preserved than any of the other bones, being harder and protected by the enamel. Not a few of the hyenas’ teeth are ground almost to stumps, and in them are evidently the instruments by which the other osseous remnants were so broken up that hardly a single bone can be found whole. Hyenas conceal themselves in their dens during the day and seek their prey at night. having large and prominent eyes, like those of the rat and mouse, for seeing in the dark. Such caves are to be found all over Europe. In many of the largest ones more bones have been discovered than could have been supplied by ten times the number of carcasses which they could have contained. at one’ tinae, it crammed entirely full. In some instances, Rr ticularly in those of certain caverns in ‘Ger- many, the bones are mostly thoee of bears, which lived and died in the rocky holes for meration aftar generation, There were great rein olden times, the biggestof them as large as big horses. And so plentiful were these closed in and cemented tagether with stalaotite, formed by liquid lime droppings. so as to make acompact mass, Thus they have been per- fectly preserved, and, not having been gnawed, they retain their form. Numerous bones of baby bears show that the creatures bred in the caverns, & 5 [ iH i i E gFe fH 28 i ig &; i Hi by dh H i : f i HERE Is aLWAYs|by ously interesting about | $4 side works of nature. | by AY, JUNE each bones ‘veult yporar; mn ‘That they knew the tring : in bone and ivory represent that great brute which they left. Ths waracl acces Coed ol Sex ‘ol ly at marrow they contained, affords‘ further dem: onstrat the matter. U: uestionably rularly those of the reindeer, in rude fireplaces, the ashes from which remain to this day—relics of banquets that were enjoyed « thousand centuries or more ago. FLASH LIGHTS FOR MARS. If the People of That Planet Can Read Good Morse It Ought to Work. ‘From the Chicago Daily Tribune. Probably the most intelligent suggestion yet thrown out for exchanging signals with the inhabitants of the planet Mars, if any such there be, is made by Mr. E. Elleworth Carey. It is that a perfectly level ares, say at Jeast five miles in diameter, not in the vicinity of hills or mountains, be covered with a uniformly black coating of earthy sand or coal dust. This area is to be covered with gas jete or electric ares, placing the illuminating points about three feet apart. That would require some 6,000,000 points of intense brilliancy, visible to the inbabitents of Mars with a magnifying Power of 800 diameters when the earth was suf- ficiently far away from conjunction to be seen while the sun was below the belt of twilight. The plan is to so construct and connect these signal lights that the turning of a key would instantly extinguish or light them all. Then the illumination should be made to appear and disappear at intervals. Suppose first the interval between the flashes was three seconds and the flashes continued five seconds. Then the intervals and duration “M ont e changed, say to six, twelve, teen, ey seconds, and then the series 4,0 inte versed. ir. argues such signals ould hardly be kept up long ‘without atfect. ing attention on Mars, if its inhabitants be far advanced in intelligence, development and civi- lization. They must then conclude that the earth is similarly inhabited and that some of {ts people had constructed a faah light visible to the dwellers on Mars, It also may be ex- ted that they would arrive at the conclusion That such light was maintained as 6 signal to | bis edi attract their attention. Further, it may be sup that in the latter case they would arrangements to return the signal, if Possible, though some, perbaps many, years might elapse before they could respond ina manner we should understand. . This is 9 pretty theory and its author deserves credit for having been the first to show the world how interplanetary communication is ible. But there still remains the question, it practicable? For the present, at least, that must be answored with » decided negative. It is not likely that any man or association of men would undertake the enormous expense involved in carrying out this scheme, seeing there is in it no suspicion of profit and but problematical amount of glory. not to be till perhaps years after the death of the investor, If generation should ever arise on this earth that loves wisdom more than — it ray d eg pany ey money than in trying to bri t eeparates us from the other members of the solar system, but till then it is idle to expect the costly effort to be made. Still, it will do no harm for the enthusiastio ones to revel in anticipation of some such result to be achieved by those who will come after them, and there is another view of the case still more enticing to those | are who are speculatively inclined. Some of the philosophers who have studied the a 0 of Mars think there is reason to suppose ite inhabitants are much further ad\ than ourselves in the march of intellectnal Froeross, that planet having cooled down from the origi nal nebulous heat sooner than its larger brother or sister, the Hence it is not absurd to suppose the inhabitants of Mare already have been considering the problem of intercommunt- cation with other members of the solar system, and for aught, we know they may have been making such signals to us for centuries ‘past without our being aware of the fact. If some of the lynx-eyed ones who scan the objects in the aky through telluric ‘once see ise ada iets pres case would be radioally altered. It might not then be impossible to find persons willing to stand the immense cost of setting up and con- ducting a return of which we may acknowledge the salute and Pr | raise ourselves in the estimation of our neigh- bors, ——_ +202. Life Would Be Dreary With Him, ‘From the Brandon Bucksaw. Ethel—"Mr. Jenkine—George—may I call you George?—you must have seen for « long téme—that I” Ge ‘Yes, but isso sudden.” Sibsl raat tharoin noe tar > oan that springs a chestnut like that.” situihieds Bears Many Sprouts, From the Somerville Journal. Bhe—"Do you belive the love of money is the root of all evil?” He—'No, but the want of it is.” ———— e+ ‘What Goes Up Must Come Down. Life. From pb apparatus, by means | ci FARMER STATESMEN. How Potent is the Agrioulturist in This Congress? THE PLOW IN POLITICS. Only 23 Farmers Against 270 Lawyers in Congress—Interviews With the Farmere— ‘What They are Trying to Bo—Holman’s HE REVOLT WHICH brought this Congress to the front was under- stood as being largely ‘in the interest of the ing attention; that the man who bad callosities ou the inside of his fin- * gers was about to su- Persede the man who got his bread by the sweat of his ingenuity and had raised corns on the convolutions of bis brain by overworking that organ. Well, what are the facts? ‘Why, the facts are that the lawyer is just as dominant in this Congress as ever. There are “few more farmers than usual, but they have no more influence on legislation than they had in the Fifty-frst Congress and their voices are searcely heard. As John Davis, one of the ‘blest farmers in “Congress, said to me yester. day: “We scarcely expect to get any of our im- important measures this session, but shall be satisfied with an educational cam MAKING THEMSELVES INDISPENSABLE, Another farmer from the west Permits me to publish his plaint thus: a the states wa tbe bar as adver Etre ieim tion both Senators and all ten Co aro lawyers. Both Senators from Virginia are law- yers and all the ten Congrossmen, except a par- son and an editor. Bot ‘Senators from Texas are also lawyers and ten out of the eleven Con- gresemen, the odd man being “Parson Long.” who thus indicates in the Congressional Di- rectory that he is virtually and sentimentally a Prevbyterian farmer: "John Bonjext Long of Busk was born in the county joches, September 8, 1343; lucation c * held no official position of any import; in 1874 becamea member of the order of Patrons of Husbandry,andtookan active interest in advocating the cause of pro- gress among his ; is now overseer $f che Texas state grange and i N is ‘tof the OTHER PROFESSIONS. Among the other are Senator Kyle of South Dakota (Congregationalist), Mo- Kinney of New Hampshire (Baptist), Baker of Kansas and Posey Lester of Virginia, who is an itinerant preacher in eighteen states. mete ace Er son of Pennsylvania and Thomas ‘Dunn English of New Jersey, far better known as a poct'and author. It is noticeable that there is only one mer- | the chant in the House, but a number are “ in mercantile pursuits.” So a lot of the lawyers of the soil at dozen bankers, PEACH AND OYSTER FARMING. This is trae of Senator Gibson of Maryland, 8 man of fifty, who does not look his years. He dresees with natty care, wears his gray hair jauntily parted in the middle, and his marked resemblance to Gen. Hawley ‘is emphasized by {iactly the same sort of popper-and-salt mot tache and goatee. He is ‘owner of Ratcliffe , of course. He ty-five to thirty bushels to the acre of the latter. He has four or five thousand peach t At a steamed Senator Gibson that in the United States began at pry 10,000 bushels ould reap @ great harvest now —_ stolen. As it isI barely eat.” 2 i i i [ith the markets and is holding his cotton for pearance he ts undistinguished alten faded-out, stubbly beard. ‘and with « faded-ow ¥ * thd with clothes that are reported to have been cut out with a fret aaw. He is one of the three | or four best lawyers in the Benate. He is anid foresworn fou | om 1 Wor veried conchmen | with bugs on their hats. | | | coatsand he has no man soareely looks a historical be was « private er i Davis’ regiment in the Mexican war. | Ten of the major (irarats t= the confederate four of | surrendered to Grant a . Of 5 these Ransom is one of the hand-omest men in the apper house—tall, straight, with a sensitive, aquiline nose and a dark. mose-roee complex and he is fifteen years older than he loc chafes somewhat under confinement and longs $2.0" back to is thoussnd-sore plantation, | but he is in for eighteen years. Ie is a ferve: sdmirer of fine horse and ix busily im- proving reeds of southern racers and Toadstere, Winn, Farmers’ Alliance, of . tells me: “My opinion is that we shall all get back | here again, unless some legislation is had in the | army and AY THOSE KANSAS MEN. | Jerry Simpson is as lively on bis feet and with his tongue in the House as if be were pulling . | stampe with an unbroken yoke of steers. He owns 1,000 soresand when be isat home it! keeps him busy to take care of the . For twenty-three years he was a sailor, and though he is not bow-legged and does not hitch his trousers to any great extent be stands with feet pretty wide apart when contemplating the ture of parties. He wears socks, the contrary | notion having originated in « joke when he was stumping hit district with his opponent, Halio- | well, a thoroughbred silk-stocking aristocrat, who had his clothes built in Boston. The joke carried Jerry in. But he now refuses to ran again. He thinks he can do more good and have more fun ‘manufacturing public seuti- Clover, another of the five astonished men who found themselves elected to Congress from the same state, bas a ranch of 1,600 acres and wastes a good ‘deal of valuable time in chasing graded cattle around it. He is willing to, take another two years here. Baker has been re- nominated and says he will be re-elected. Otis isa shy, timid, suspicious man, who feels ver; much away from home, and isnot at all cer- tain which way the volatile feline is going to jump. John Davis continues to bite his iron- ray mustache off short, put in a clip when- ever monopoly carelessly drops its guard, and keeps himeelf in training for the legislative » Funston of that same temr ‘State seems to be lonesome. I askr alliance men why it was, “Well,” b & farmer and works at bis trade, and. xs in # loud and continual voice in favor of farmers, and then he votes against everything that farm FARMERS BY BREVET. New York hasthree alleged farmers in the House—Ketcham, Curtis and Greenleaf. They do not use the hoe of perspire much themselves; they are professionals rather than amateurs, They love farming even well enongh to put their money into it, They do not rely on it for support; it relies on them. Col. Greenleaf has an extensive farm fronting Lake Ontario near mile of solid breakwater, and he and Mra. Greenleaf makea summer ‘home in the ram- bling, roomy antique house that broods there and spreads its maternal wings upon the lawn. He not only grows crops. but fine stock, among which are forty choice cows and thirty horses — the latter Kentuckian crossed with some of the Arabian steeds that Grant owned. Greenleaf can make a good speech, but he knows the value of time, and when the universal mouth is un- he ie rather inclined to euffer and be silent. He is a tail, gaunt man,a little hand- somer than Holman, but not much. [askel come?’ in . Bi last week and very likely engaged him for hot weather visitor. ‘THE CLOUD-COMPELLING DYRENFORTH. They bad a very lively discussion im the House the other day over « €10,000 appropris- tion to enable Dyrenforth to experiment fur- ther to produce rain by exploding dynamite in sir, Thete was a good deal of fun over it and Lewis, a farmer of Misassippi, won con- siderable eclat by the able manner in which he championed and explained the project. The House to the appropriation, to ite great credit, I think, because that action showed progressive spirit and a willingness to Soe ee t the scientific men of Washington, ning with heads of bureaus and contin straight through the lines of experts in dynam- ics and eee are almost unanimous against the feasibility of Dyrenforth's plan. Some of them boldly call him a charlatan; not ~ in twenty baliones in his scheme for cajol- rain water or in his alleged successes. One of them has figured out that a moderate rain, ten miles square and one inch deep, would weigh more than 1,000,000 of tons, and he asks what sort of an explosion it would take to move that weight. Shall we know any more about it next year? Or will the next century listen to this same discussion indefinitely pro- Jonged and continue to guess whether oo- currences are results or coincidences? ‘TRE EMPIBE OF TEXas. Almost all of the Texaiis here are big ranch- men. Sayers owns 500 head of cattle and has sent cows to Chicago that weighed 8,200 Pounds and bad never bad a bit of corn or any 8rain but cotton seed meal, Tim Campbell of New York city is not a farmer. There are not four rods of dirt in his district, except that borne uj the citizens. His is the United States. He can walk in three minutes from one end of it to. the other and can almost throw his hat across it in Mr. Lanham of yresiern Texas prevents the oy a5 contrast respect. The other day he told me of his empire. ‘“My district is 500 miles wide and 690 miles Jong,” said Mr. Lanham. Well, no; to ride across it in a straight line. I never ‘stumped’ it, except fitfully and par- t A i i i i 8 Se ti ui : | wise ment” on the terrestrial stump. | ore want done, and so we call him Farmer | Funston." Rochester, on which be has built more than half | him if he had any income from his farm. “‘In- | Woman's Tslk While Having Her New Gown Fisted. ‘ SOME MATTERS IN WHICH MEN NAVE A aD VANTAGE STILL THE PRILOSOTMIC Womay DECIDES IN FAVOR OF COLOR—THE UREEE OF MEN A CENTURY AGO—THE SCIENCE THERE 18 IN DRESS, “ A PTE ALL, MADAME MODINTE,” + % said « fair young Washingtonian, as she posed before her dremmaker preparatory te bursting from the comparatively dull cbryantia condition of « winter belle into the brilliant butterfly stage of « summer girl, “after sll, T think I believe im paying « good deal of wtten- tion to one’s toilet.” Madame Moviste fiuished arranging some gauzy chiffon around her model's pretty meck, and as she stood off and viewed ber handiwork, head on one side, snid, with as distinet an articulation as a mouthful of pins would permit: “After all! Pray, did you ever think wther- 2 It mast have been before I made your ‘ecquaintance, then, as, judging from the number of gowns I have designed for you, it ie cersainly ome time since you have believed to the con- trary.” A TRODOMTYTL sUNREER orRL., “Yes, to all appearances that is true,” anit the summer girl, “but do you know all the while I have been scheming these elaborate frovke I have agreed with Wordsworth when hesays, “The world is too much with as——'” For be it known that this particular winter belle and summer girl was au all-the-vear-round blue stocking as well, the modern biue ¢tock- ing, a» everybody knows, going about with T unkempt locks nor slatternly dress, bat appearing in most artstic gownsand the t things in bonnets, and most entirely disagreed with Aner- when he said something to the effect that men What gathering flowers im Anvone might know # aorl- d is to children. 1 the aggravating, the colors, and, one usually bas in: d to injury im the tries to make you believe i rose, the amethyst will go nicely te- | ether, for no more cogent reason thay that they both are named old rose, when in reality they are about as harmonious as flat and sharp chord would be if struck at the same time, | 4 BLESSING OF POVERTY. “It is at such times that I have thonght “Blessed be nothing,’ and actually looked with envy on those people whose circumstances wouldn't permit them any great latitude in the choice of clot , and as for men, deay me! Didn't I wish I were in their places—positevely limited by fashion to black or gray for every- | day wear —” ‘n this season, making them look for all the world like so many perambelat- | ing sticks of cinnamon, for the complexions of most of them shade off directly from their gur- ments so that except for the white collar you couldn't tell where the clothes ended and the man began.” | “and the severest Diack, that | changes iu ite cut for full dress occasions. jsuid the summer girl, ending her seutence, | which Madame Modiste had interrupted. SORRY POR MER. “But I've changed since then, and now | sctuslly I am sorry for men to think thet all | the becoming draperies and colors are denied them. And one doesn’t realize what a lot of dlf- ference it makes until you compare the | of men of a bundred vears ago, Nay, whose feilied Waistcoats, knee breeches, cocked hate and ail- | ver buckles made them look so fine, with the photographs of those of today. At first glance deteriorated you are apt to think — have in looks, but if you wall just in dress. the nineteenth centary man in the fer- olutionary costume, why, be ll blossom out with all the handsomeness of hie evctthons, aitasiy exploding that old theory of beauty “Just fancy how nice it would be togase down from ‘the gullery on the House ar- rayed as George Washington was when in full dress, instead of looking, as it does now, like am impressionist sketch done in charcoal.” BUT THE KNEE BREBCHES, “Yes, some men would look well thet way,” said Madame Modiste as she gave a hitch to the trail of the summer girl's gown; “but how about those who are not sufficiently developed below | the knee to look well in knoe breeches?" And 4 | ghe smiled up at the summer girl. “I have a recipe which would remedy that uing | defect,” replied the summer girl resalutely. “What is it?” “To walk down the monument.” “Yer, really. Any one who will will be forever after convinced of for as early as the day following painfully aware that he has the necessary ‘and, of course, if he has the even if undeveloped, why, it will practice to make them anything that and so for such cases 1.4 recommend « stroll down the monument § = i me It Pt § & You know you can't half see them from the elevator, and the next day, my! “Oh, Madame Modiste, make those longer. eee ONE ADVANTAGE MEN RAVE. a man’s present style of dress, |, “which & woman's is if bitieeitil a g 4 i ij if i i 7 H | f 7