Evening Star Newspaper, May 28, 1892, Page 11

a) EVENING STAR: esas VIEW FROM PASSEO PUBLICO TER RACE. THE JARDIN BOTANICO A Visit to the Famous Gardens of Brazil. THE ROYAL PALACE OF RIO. ‘Trees That Are Well Worth the Long Jour- ney to Look Upon—Many Public and Pri- vate Institutions Which Are Passed on the Excrusion Route There. From The Star's Traveling Co Rio pe Janreno, April HE VERY FIRST DAY of lei which a stranger in Riocan find should be devoted to the world renowned bo- tanical gardens, which lie about seven miles southwest from the city. The ride thereto, which is no small part of the pleasure of the excur- sion, occupies an hour each way, and the cost py tramway is 1,800 reis for the round trip—a great big roll of Brazilian Dills, or hat full of the ponderous coins of the country, but in reality just 90cents as we Americans reckon money. At the crowded starting point—corner the Runs do Onvidorand Goncalves Dias—among the multitude of cars Painted in all the colors of the rainbow, be sure totake the one with the green dashboard, marked “Jardin Botanico.” It runs over the oldest tramway fine on the southern continent —built in 1867 by acompany from the United States and owned and operated by them until Within the last ten vears—which connects the capital with several important suburban dis- tricts. Immediately we find ourselves whirled into a “point of interest”—the small square known as Largo da Caricea, from the re-ervoir on southern side, which is supplied from the Carioca mountains by means of the old reser- voir. Always a scene of bustling activity, this small plaza was once the because the whole popr to send here for water until th: cystem of house distribution, and soldiers were con- stantly on duty to preserve order at the reser- voir. That great building on the western side of the square is the hospital of the oldest lay brotherhood in the city—the Ordem Terceira de Ban Francisco da Penitencia of the older branch Of Franciscans, founded in 1622. Only the two AVENUE OF ROYAL PALMS. upper floors are used for hospital purposes, and the well-kept grounds are adorned with a pro- fusion of statuary. This brotherhood owns a great deal of valuable property in and around Rio, which ix largely used for charitable pur- poses. Behind the reservoir a paved court leads toan ‘ive, irregular pile of buildings—their oid monastery, which lately passed into the pow session of the s d is now used as a bar- rack for regular troops. Their church is the most picturesque lund mark of the neighbor- hox wning a hill back of the reservoir and oad flight of stone steps. termi- It was built about the y now falling into d for the elegance of one tions. A GROUP OF PUBLIC RUTLDINGS. t beyond isan interesting group of pub- tings —the } 1) of the globe and is worth coming all the tion is gratu hysics, chemi: ral drawin s-fal echools of ¥. Now our da Mae do Bispo- : ani din any little Bishop's - | a st Protestant’ sanc- Tt was constructed + the provisions of the treaty of 1810, which sti it Christ. Ch St. Gawr tuded «h many years dependent upon local revenues. THE AJUDA NUSSERY. A little way beyond is one of the largest and Ugliest structures in Rio—the Ajuda nunnery, whieh occupies nearly s whole block. It be- Jongs to an order of Franciscan nuns and was founded about two centuries and a quarter ago, rally mistake the moldy old pile tiary. and it looks a good deal more pltce of puniclment for the wicked than lantary abode of religious devotees, Only two of the Ajuda nuns are now living. and when howe aged sisters die the property —which is one of the most desirable and valuable in the has been wholly country—vwill pass into the bands of the gov- ernment. The late emperor s mother and sister— Maria Leopoidina and Dona Paula Marianna— ‘were buried im the chapel of this convent, as was also Princess Isubell’s first born, a girl ‘There is only one other nunnery in the city— the Convento de Santa Thereza, on the eastern of Senta Thereza hill, overlooking the Tower bay and harbor entrance. an order of Carmelite num about 1740 by & devotee Persuaded one of her relatives to purchase a ehacara on thi#site, to which she and her Sister retired. Their convent was never per- mitted to receive more than twenty-one nuns at & time—eighteen of the black veil and three of ‘the white. The last admission was in 1861, and mow only sbout half sdozen of the nunsare | | \sivi| Alarm Felt by the Governinent Re-| °°, +|REPORTS FROM CONSULS living. When they dio their splendid property | be obtained. will also revert to the state. Turning sharply to the right our tramway leads into the broad, well.paved Rua do Passeio and rans past Rio de Janeiro’s favorite public den, the “Passeio Publico.” Only a glimpse ts central lawn and shady paths can be ob- tained from the street, but it is the most at- tractive resort in the city, though the oldest, having been, opened to the public exactly one hondred and ten years ago. Many of i: original features have disappeared, but it still retains some of the characteristic beauties designed by its founder, the Viceroy Luiz de Vasconcellas. On its « ing the bay is an enormous mar- vated terrace. from which may be senificent view of the lower bay atrance. Its garden is filled with choicest native and exotic trees and shrubs, hether strolling through its shaded paths time or by gaslight, or listening to mnsie npon its crowded terrace in the evening, the Passeio Publico is a place not soon to be for- gotten. Opposite its entrance is a street which was formerly named “The Street of Fine ights,” because on all moonlit evenings Viceroy Vasconcellas used to pass through it on tospend an hour in the garden. Fi also the department of justice, the Casino and the national library standing side by side. THE LAPA CHURCH AND CONVENT. Now we come to the Largo da Lapa—the Lapa church and Carmelite convent on the left, on the right the famous arches of the Caricoa aqueduct, the Freitas Hotel in front and the big bronze fountain of the new water works oceu- pying the center of the square. Here the street ascends and affords a charming view of the ba; and Gloria hills, covered with handsome resi- dences owned with a pretty octagonal chureh, which the imperial family used to fre- quent. ' At its foot is an untidy public garden and beyond the garden is a large, square editice which was built for a market, but is used as a tenement for the poor and is ‘said to shelter a thousand people. Now we enter the Rua do Cattete, at the beginning of which stands a me-storied private house, built in the Italian style and backed by extensive gurdena. Ateach end of it are two small, square open courts with spiral stairs leading to the en- trances, within which are two marble ball layers, who seem to. be tossing a ball over the Fouse top. It was built by a ‘Brazilian capi talist and is known as the ‘Palacete Cornelio. Just beyond is the “Palacete” of the Baron de Nova Friburgo, the richest private house in Rio, built of marble imported from Lisbon and adorned with carvings, paintings and statuary. Beyond the pretty litte public garden known as Largo do Machado the tramway divides; and in. le of blocks further on near the list Church, it divides again, usher- ing us at length into one of the most ‘pictur esque streets in the world—the semi-circular Praia de Botafogo, with beautiful residences on one side, the quiet lake-like bay on the other, with encircling hills and mountains and aven- ues of royal palms, To the left is the round- topped Morroda Vinva, crowned with a reser- voir; beyond, the mighty Sngar Loaf, with a military barrack on its outside base. approach- able only by water. Ina gap of the hills on the right are the Vermelha fortifications and military school, built upon the site of the first Portuguese settlement in Brazil, and down on the beach is the great Pedro Second Insane Asylum and the medical college. All along the Praia de Botafogo are many notable private houses, beginning with that of the Barao de Cattete and ending with the residence of Mr. Andrew Steele, one of Rio's oldest and most respected foreign merchants. There are houses of marble and stone, and of blue, white and yellow porcelain tiles, inlaid in quaint devices, There are grounds decorated with polished globes of blue, green and yellow glass to mirror the world as it passes by; huge gateways, guarded by carved dragons and lions, and racist walls overrun by blossoming creepers—every- where a riot of vegetation and a wealth of bril- liant coloring. THE COLOSSAL RUNCHBACK. By and by the city street becomes a country road and we come nearer and nearer to Corco- vado, the colossal “Hunchback,” till at length it seems to stand directly over us, a sheer preci- pice of gray rock towering skyward 2,000 feet. inding around the edge of a small salt lake— Lagoa Kodereigo de Frietas, which is separated from the Atlantic only by a narrow sand bank— we see on the right hand many interesting old Portuguese estates. laid out in terraces and winding paths up the hillsides and ornamented with statuary and tropical shrubs.* Directly in front rises the distant, square-topped Gavia, Lifting its weather-beaten face 3,000 feet above the valley, the seaward-looking peaks of Dias Iramos and the green mountains of Tijaca. Soon the lake becomes a brackish swamp, where birds are paddling; then « jungle, where wild flowers perfame the air; then the country ‘changes toa lane barely wide enough for the car track and runs into what appears to be a thicket of wild bamboo and banana, in the midst of which alittle fondita (restaurant) is set on one side and a very tall iron fence on the other. Here we alight at a ponderous gateway in the iron paling and find ourselves at once in & many-pillared marble-paved room, with mat ble benches ranged around its sides, where vis tors may sit while waiting for the ‘return car, which passes twenty minutes on the way buck to town. This is the vestibule or entrance to the famous Jardim Batanico, and passing through it one stops amazed at the first sight of the world-renowned avenue of royal palms, which begins at this gate and stretches away acrons the n to the foot of the mountain, a distance of haifa mile or more. It is impos- sible to give in words any idea of the magniti- cence of this living, arborescent gallery, which surpasses anything of the kind on the face ide, faci ed, el | way to Brazil to see—a colonnade of natural Corinthian columns whose graceful bright green capitols seem to support a portion of the biue dome that arches ve. AB one looks down the long vista of columns— bt, firm and smooth as though carved in a dim vision of some Egyptian temple rise the imagination—one feels as if mon- arehs had been drawn upin line todo him homage or asif he had been translated to another sphere and’ this verdant gallery must lead to a mansion of the gods. The most blase traveler een the towering ranks, for words—as at the first sara, of a suow-topped mountain, of a athedral and other sights which bring the souls of impressionable people to their knees, whatever may be the attitude of their Dodies. THE AVENUE OF PALMS. . Tocome down to figures, there are 150 of those noble trees, the palma real (Oresdoxa regia), planted thirty fect apart in a double row, inclosing a wide gravel path. The palms have an average height of eighty feet and an average diamever at the base of three feet; their « have grown a straight asa plum line and their lines are as regular as a mathematical device could make tiem. High up in the air heir enormous feathery tufts are in a perpetual srewor, shaken by every breath of air. Asan riate setting to these masterpieces of « the garden is surrounded by the wildest of tropical scenery. Between the giant trunks you look upward to incomparably blue skies, to near-by mountains, to the sea, whose murmur you can faintly hear. A shor tearcely lese splendid, branch off at right angles, lined with cla mango trom (Mangasvins}, whore long arms, gnarled trunks and dense, interlocking foliage would alone distinguish’ this above any other. everything i But after the avenne of palms A pears tame and one is hardly prepared to of cinnamon and clove trees, acres of tea from China and Japan, myrtle trees and pines und “camphor trees, cocoa, brea fc ‘vegetable butter,” the long crooked fruit of the jaca, that looks like the stuffed club of the if fn oF ab, alii Jeft of the royal palms bambous, which is a favorite it F 5 i E I [ 3 I S| county. e+ NEWS FROM FREDERICK. Death of a Remarkable Man—Will Exhibit at the Falr—Notes, Correspondence of The Evening Star. Frepenick, Mp., May 26, 1892. Philip Reich, the oldest citizen of Frederick, died yesterday at the home of his daughter, Mrs. A. J. De Lashmutt, South Market street, in his ninety-fifth year. He had been sick about one month, and only a few days before his last ill- ness had walked out to one of his farms in the county, distance of four miles, and back again. He retained remarkable physical and mental vigor all his life, and was aman of many notable characteristics. He was born in Frederick in 1797, and was a son of John Reich, whose ancestors came to this country from Alsace, Germ about 1760, setiling first in Lancaster, Pa., and afterward moving to this He was a member of the committee to receive the Marquis de Lafayette upon the occasion of his visit to Frederick in 1825, and Lafayette took a great liking to him. When the great Frenchman re- turned to his own country Mr. Reich sent him some seed sugar corn, which Lafayette intro- duced into France and afterward wrote to Mr. expressing his gratitude for the gift Mr. Reich knew many of the early statesmen of this country and was well acquainted with Henry CI His remarkable memory was stored with instances of the war of 1812, the Mexican war and the civil war, and he’ was upon all occasions an interesting talker. He Was married in 1829 to Miss Rebecea Ayers of Virginia, and shortly after the civil war they moved to Frederick, where Mr. Reich died in 1870. Mr. Reich was n man of abstemious habits, did not chew, smoke or drink, and attributed his long life partly to that fact. Frederick is making unusually active prepar- ations to be represented at the world’s fair at Chicago in 1893 and will oceupy a space in the Maryland building with an_ exhibit that will no doubt beagreat credit to her people, On ‘Tuesday next Mrs, William Reed of Baltimore and Mrs, Frank Thomson of Mt. Savage, repre- senting the ladies’ auxiliary commission of Maryland for the fair, will visit Frederick os the guests of Mrs. John Ritchie, who hus re- cently been appointed lady commissioner for this county, with Misses Ellenore Tyler and Marie Diehl as assistanta. It has been arranged toaccord them areception at the Frederick Female Seminary in the evening, when an ad- dress will be delivered by Mra.’ Reed, setting forth the objects of the commission and giving some pjans whereby Frederick can accomplish its desire to show off well at the great exposi- tion. Mr. Joseph D. Baker of Frederick is one of the members of the board of world’s fair commissioners for Maryland appointed by Gov- ernor Frank Brown. The Frederick City shoo factory was sold re- cently by the receiver, Col, Chas. E. Trail, to the Farmers and Mechanics’ National Bank of Frederick for $4,100, and now an effort is being made to revive the factory and put it in opera- tion under new management. It was estab- lished about a year ago at a cost of ubout 217,000, but through alleged bad management Jost’ a great deal of mougy and was finally com- pelled to appoint a recelver. The young ladies of the Frederick Female Seminary are preparing for the annual com- mencement exercises of that old and honored institution of learning, which take place this year on Thursday morning, June 9, ‘There will an elocutionary contest ‘on Monday evening of the same week and closing day exercises on i here are twelve gradu- : Misses Harriet Bag- Getzendanner, Elizabeth Hood, k, Anna Hoke,’ Lena Kohlenburg, Meeteer, Alice Routyohn, Edith Grace Radcliffe, Emma Wertheimer and Sadie Witkowski, ‘The Confederate Memorial Association of Frederick has arranged to hold its annual deco- ration gay services on June 9,at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, and will hold appropriate exercises in Mount Olivet cemetery. A number of interesting sales of city prop- erty have becn made in Frederick recently. Mr. Wm. P. Maulsby, jr., has bought for $7,500 the home of the Inte John Kunkle, on West Church street; Dr. F. B. Smith has ‘bought a handsome property on 2d street for 6,000, and Dr. F. F. Smith has sold his property on East 2d” street. for £4,500 to Mrs, Ellen. &, Jarboe. ‘The Misses Houck have just bad erected on North Market street, at a cost of about $30,000, a handsome brown-stone residence. The republicans of Frederick will meet Fri- day to make preparations for the municipal election, which will be held on June 27. They will nominate either Wm. H. Hinks or M.A. Woodward for mayor, and hope to elect three of the five aldermen. F. McK. Ce PLUCKY EDITOR MOSELY. He Refused to Reveal an Office Secret and the People Stood by Him. Much excitement has prevailed in Nassau, New Providence, as result of the im- prisonment of Mr. E. A. Mosely, editor of the Nassau Guardian, by Chief Justice Yelver- ton for contempt of court in refusing to dis- close the authorship of an anonymous letter which was published in his newspaper. A public meeting was called to take action in the premises. Resolutions were adopted de- nouncing the action of the chief justice, and & deputation was appointed to wait upon the governor, Sir Ambrose Shea, to request Mr. ‘Mosely’s’ release. ‘The governor, who realized that the situation was critical, acceded to the demands of the people and released the editor after an imprison ment of thirty hours, Mr. Mosely was escorted in triumph by the people from jail to his resi- dence. In the evening there was a grent demonstra- tion at the park. at which free expression was given to the indignation created by the action of the chief justice and to the satisfaction cansed by the promptnesk of the governor in releasing the plucky editor, thereby vindicat- ing the freedom of the press and the right of free speech. Fireworks were set off and there was general rejoicing. ieee ee Knights of the Golden Eagle, ‘The Supreme Castle, Knights of the Golden Engle, in session at Ailantie City, has elected the following supreme officers for the ensuing year: Supreme chief, Ernst H. Koch, Connecti- cut; vice chief, Charles H. Mitchell, Ohio; high priest, Lyman P. Lewis, Massachusetts; master of records, William Culbertson, Pennsylvania; keeper of exchequer, Timothy McCarthy, Pennsylvania; sir herald, Jacob H. Aull,.Mary- land; first guardsman, E. O. Krentler, } iehigan; second guardsman, D. E. Adams, Indiana; lieu- tenant general, L. E. Stilz, Pennsylvania, and medical examiner, Dr. J. E. Whitford, Penn- sylvania. For the next place of meeting Baltimore was chosen. A degree for indies (the kuights’ wives and daughters) was also adopted. ——__—_+o-___ Heavy Failure in Antwerp. Pecher & Co. of Antwerp have failed, with linbilities of $1,250,000. ‘The failure, which is attributed to the decline in rates of Brazilian exchange, has caused considerable ex- citement in financial circles, Nothing New. specting Two Fearful Diseases, - garding Leprosy Kept Secret—A Nation of Lepersin South America—Asiatic Cholera Spread by Pious Pilgrims—Work of the Federal Health Board: HE ESTABLISHMENT of a national leprosy hospital is provided for bya bill that will be introduced in this Con- gress. This frightful disease is at present ex- citing the alarmed at- tention of the federal health authorities. It is very much more com- mon in the United States than is generally imagined, because local officials customarily ignore and even conceal cases unless compelled by public clamor to take action. ‘This they do tor the reason that they know not low to dispose of them. A discov- ered leper is always a terror anda burden ina community. No stato has an institution for’ lepers, and those afflicted with the complaint are usually hidden away under conditions of extreme wretchedness to themselves. It is as- erted on competent authority that lepers exist today in every good-sized city in the country. There has been much dispute as to whether or not leprosy is contagious, but there is no doubt whutever of the fact’ that it spreads wherever sufferers are not carefully isolated. It is making very rapid progress in Havana, where lepers ‘commonly appear on the strevts und handie the same filthy paper currency that forms the circulating medium among their healthy fellow citizens, Serions concern is felt by this government respecting the preva~ lence and spread of leprosy in neigabori countries, as reported recently by United States consuls in response to a request for in- formation issued by Secretary Blaine. These reports areas yet withheld from publication for reasons of international policy ‘THE FINGER OF WARNING, The finger of warning is pointed toward the United States of Colombia, Leprosy was un- known among the aboriginal inhabitants, the first case recorded being that of a Spanish priest in 1646. Since then the disease has spread slowly over tho country. During the last twenty years, however, its advance in all directions has been rapidly accelerated and to- day hardly a populated Jocality remains unin- fected. ‘The people are rapidly becoming @ population of lepers. It is said that one out of every ten inhabitants of the departments of Santander and Boyaca bas the disease. This estimate would place the total number of lepers in that section of Colombia alone at 100,000. The most conservative estimate seta it at 30,000. The immigration law framed by the lest Con- gress, in directing the marine hospital bureau to make sanitary examinations of all immigrants to the United States, named leprosy in partic ular as a disease to be carefully excluded. Most victims of it who come here are from South American and Cuban ports. Another source of dread, imminent this year, is the “famine fever,” as’ typhus is calied in Russia, where tfle disease is familiarly known as the offspring of starvation, Immigrant, at well as all vessels from that part of the world, will be closely watched. At the suggestion of the surgeon general in’ charge of the marine hespital service the Secretary of State has ad- dressed a circular letter to aii the United States consuls at ports in the ezar’s dominions asking for special reports respecting typhus, The re- sponses thus far received indicate that, al- though the complaint has reached several of the ports from the stricken districts, not one of these points is in direct communication by steam or éail with America. Of course the fever may arrive from agy of them at any time indi- rectly, us was the case the other day with the Mascilia, which brought infected Hebrew ¥ Oe Se ah ge AY, MAY 28, F i arriving at a southern infected is sent by the nearest ‘island ge crew is put thro ming disinfecting See ware she is 0. "The marine hospital service is a sort of fed- eral health board. It looks out for the sanitary condition of the country at large without inter- fering with the functions of state and local au- 4 report respecting the health and ‘mortality of every big city in the world. Im- portations of rags to this country are made under inspection by its officers. ¥ come largely from Marseilles, which is the great rag shop of Europe, where they are collected from all over the continent, and even from the cholera-stricken districts of Asia, It is credibly asserted that some of them are actually the clothing of defunct pilgrims killed by the disease. However, no rags from Marseilles are permitted to enter'a port of the United States without a certificate showing that they have been previously unbaled and boiled for an honr, or else subjected to steam or sulphurous gas, This regulation will soon be extended from Ghent and eventually to such -chandise from all Europe. DANGER FROM SMALLPOX. Smallpox threatens at all seasons, particularly from China, but “such effective methods have been adopted for its prevention and extirpation wherever it appears that it is not greatly feared. Last winter there was an epidemic of this dis- ease in Canada. Medical inspectors were placed at Detroit and Port Huron, and all passerfgers from the infected tricts who crossed the borders into the United States by train were vaccinated or sent back, unless they could show certificates of vaccination. All the vaccine used by the marine hospital service is obtained from a farm near Washington, which is devoted ex- clusively to the manufacture of this product from young heifers scientifically inoculated. ‘The last Congress made a law providing for in- terstate quarantine, In case of an epidemic anywhere the surgeon general in charge of the marine hospital bureau is permitted to promul- gate snch regulations as he may deem requi- fe, subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury. Consumption, typgoid fever, diphtheria, scarlet fever and “measles are left to the attention of state and local health authorities. it discoveries in bacteriology have made quarantine methods scientific. In- stead of the once usual forty-day period of de- tention for infected vessels, the latter are only stopped long enough to put them through the disinfecting processes which have been ascer- tained to be sufficient to destroy the germs of disease, The wonderful character of the work accomplished by the system in operation may be feebly conceived by considering the fact that at the single station on Chandelenr Island more than fifty ships found infected with yellow fever were dealt with last summer. ‘THE MARINE HOSPITAL BUREAU. Considering the importance of this arm of the government it seems surprising how little Imowiedge is had by the general public respect- ing the marine hospital bureau and its work. Among other things it provides free medical attendance for every American seaman who wants it. Formerly it was maintained by a tax of from 20 to 40 cents a month on the wages of sailors, but in 1871 Congress took the service out of the control of the various collectors of customs and placed it under the Treasury De- partment. ‘The medical officers receive’ their appointments direct from the President. Any nate in medicine not over thirty years old nor under twenty-one is eligible. However, the examination, medical and physical, is 80 ex- acting that of twenty-four applicants ‘who ap- red before the examining wd the other y only five pussedand there is but one yacancy at present. Successful candidates are placed on the eligible list, from which appointments aci to mer. sengers to New York from Odessa by way of Marseilles, starting a small epidemic in the metropolis. Fortunately, while no known dis- ease i more fearfully contagious, typhus is easily stamped out by proper sanitary measures. The consuls have been instructed to keep this government a-lvised by cable as to the progress of the disease in Russia, A SANITARY FENCE. ‘To keep out the dangerous diseases which are constantly threatening to invade the country trom all quarters Unclé Sam is compelled to surround his wide domain with a sanitary fence that is made as impregnable as possible. He is obliged always to keep a watchful eye upon the orient, where is the breeding place of a plague never completely extinguished, which needs only aspark to kindle it into a destructive and widespread epidemic, The Persian gulf and Red sea are two wide gateways by which the cholera may at any time invade Europe from Asia through the ottoman empire. It would be easy for the great powers to shut these gates by strict quarantine and do away with this dan- ger to the health of the civilized world; but, notwithstanding many discussions of the ub= ject, they have never been able to come to an agreement among themselves on the point. England finds thnt quarantine rules obstruct her commerce, for the sake of which she is always will- ing to sacrifice everything, even to decency and good morals. So the regulations in this regard are left to be administered by corrupt Tur officials, who never hesitate to convert a threat- ened epidemic into a source of revenue for themselves by exacting “‘backsheesh” from peo- ple who will pay for being relieved from inspec- tion and detention. ae In the cast te haewe a coeh of re- ion. It is spread by pilgrims who journey from India atd elsewhere fs southern ‘Asin, a8 well as from northern Africa, to Mecca. Every good Mohammedan is obliged once in his life- time to make a pilgrimage to Mecca. The rich among the faithful go yearly to the holy city. ‘Those who die en route are assured of eternal salvation, which accounts for their in- difference to sickness and death. Last year 43,000 followers of the prophet disembarked at Jedda, the nearest Red sea port to Mecca, Onl: 28,000’ of them retnrned. Fifteen thousan: died, the deaths, mostly from cholera, averag- ing 600aday. Year after year these devout people, who come by caravan and by ship to worship at the sacred spot, perish in swarms like flies. So long as they are satisfied it would not matter so much if only they did not, in dis- persing, convey the infection affr toward every point of the compass. VESSELS CLOWDED WITH PILGRIMS. The vessels which carry these pilgrims are of all civilized and enlightened nations, and the way in which the pious passengers are over- crowded is said to be simply disgraceful. Of the great majority of them the condition ia said to be filthy and pitiful in the extreme. From their point of view cleanliness and godliness have no association, They always carry their own provisions, the ships furnishing none, and they are packed between decks and on the up- per deck also like so many herrings. Cholera usually breaks out on board these cratt “odor of ean etity” clings to them ; Unfortunately there is nothing to prevent such avessel from going direct to a healthy port after discharging a load of pilgrims, securing a cargo with a clean bill of health and. sailing for the United States. Epidemics of cholera last year caused 50,000 deaths in Mesopotamia, 10,000 in Syria and 15,000 in Persia. ‘The disease, which is caused by bacteria, is always present fecea is situated. eras never entirely stamped out in India, Many thse fn et county are sought anuually for purposes of 5 myriads of human thelr numbers ‘regularly decimated by the fatal sickness, which from these points is tributed in every direction. Thousands of dead, whose souls are uj lute the sir, their bodies Tong after. Y ft | independent votes as! Che and the | in made when vacancies occur. On receiving his appointment the young. phrsician becomes an assistant surgeon, at $1,600 a year, with quarters, fuel and lights furnished. ‘and’ is as- signed to one of the marine hospitals. Pro- motions to the succeeding grades of passed as- sistant surgeon and full surgeon, with amply increased emoluments, come with length of service. Officers cannot be removed except for good cause. ‘The operations of the bureau extend all over the United States. It owns and conducts twenty hospitals on the sen-coasts and lakes, and has contracts with 150 local hospitals where eeamen are admitted and trented by its own Any American sailor who has served ty days is entitled to treatment when sick and is cared for until he recovers. Sailors at- tached to foreign ships may be admitted to the hospitals on certification by their consuls, but are charged $1aday. More than 50,000 sea- men are taken care of annually in these insti- tutions. ‘The expenses of the bureau are paid by the tonnage taxes on foreign vessels, but Congress makes a special appropriation for the support of the quarantine system. Apart from that the service costs abont $600,000 a year. The bureau examines all applicants for the life- saving service and for employment by the | in revenue marine, which is a small navy at- tached to the Treasury. Also it tests every pilot for color blindness before a license is It is very important that a pilot shall beable to distinguish a green light from a red one. The corps includes fifteen - surgeons, twenty passed assistant surgeons, cighteen as- sistant surgeons, seventy-nine acting assistant surgeons and twenty hospital ste acer THINK CLEVELAND WILL GET IT. Southern Members on the Democratic Nom- ination. “I do not think there is any donbt,” said Mr. Herbert to a Sram reporter today, “that Mr. Cleveland will be nominated, He ought tg and I am sure he will be, All the doubtful or ‘demo- cratic states of the north, except New York, have declared for him, and I am sure that Tammany port him loyaily after he is nominated. Mr. Hill cannot be nominated. Tammany Hill himself knows that he cannot be nominated. He may not want Mr. Cleveland nominated and may try to the last it, but when the nomination is made he is too good a democrat to fail in loyal support to Mr. Cleveland. I have no uneasiness about Mr. Cleveland in New York. If any democrat can the state, he can. He can rely on the democratic vote and there is po other man in the party who can get as many Mr. O’Ferrall told a Stax reporter today that he had no doubt of Cleveland’s nomiavilon: He said that the Virginia . following officers: President, B. P. Rice, Hudson, Wis; first vice president, Walter Williams, Columbia, Mo.; second. vice Pee See Te ee 1892—SIXTEEN- S=|THE NOBLE HORSE. mare Characteristics of the Animal Dis- cussed at Some Length. POPULAR SUPERSTITIONS Stax found a knot of fs now old, acknowl edged that be had “talked horse” every year, week and almost every day of his life for the last forty-five years, ‘and that he had not exhausted the subject yet. It is a wearisome subject, no doubt, to the poor fellow who does not know or care anything about horses—whose knowledge of them, in fact, does not extend beyond the observations he has made on a street car—but to the horse lover the subject is more inexbaustible than any other. The topic that ranks next is dogs, but horses are far more engrossing to the human mind than dogs ever are. The — of the color of horses’ feet caused old gentleman just alluded to to say: i POPULAR SUPERSTITIONS. “‘As for that assertion about a horse's fest which rons: Two wilts teeta a hor Three white Toot “Took well about bim; Four white feet—go without him— why, it is soy nonsense. Some of the very best horses have had white stockings. Old Boston, a king of the turf half a century ago, and Lexington both had white feet, and most of Lexington’ descendants are similarly marked, 1¢ ‘calico horse,’ too, which is gen- etully supposed to be selected for circus acting, because of the oddity of his appearance, is really chosen by the man who trains trick horses because ‘he is gentle and intelligent. ‘There are countless popular superstitions about ‘the color of horses. It always used to be said that a black horse cannot stand heat, and there are people who believe it now, but the inhabit- ants of Africa are black for the very purpose of standing intense heat, and a black horse suffers no more from it than a white one. White horses, in like manner, it has been held, cannot ‘stand cold, but polar bears are white and they manage to live ii cana wi horse. The tradition that a red-headed woman and white horse follow one another on the road or in the street is, of course, entirely without any foundation in fact, and is due doubtless to mere coincidence. It will be noticed, however, that nowadays you will never see a red. woman riding or driving a white horse. She knows that she would be the subject of a hun- dred jokes and she chooses a horse of a different color if possible. PHYSIOGNOMY OF HORSES, The conversation turned upon the physiog- nomy of horses, and all agreed that there is a great deal in it, just as there is in the physiog- nomy of dogs or men. If a horse is broad and full between the ops he is supposed to have superior sense and to be easily, trained, whereas a bulging forehead or a “dish face” are evi- dences of stupidity or stubbornness, A fiery horse always has a fiery eye, and a vicious horse gives you warning by his expression of counte- nance that he will bite or kick if he gets » chance. There can be no doubt that horses, usually #0 gentle and tractable, have been found to be on occasions veritable wild beasta. There are some interesting accounté under this head which are of record. In the steppes of Russia, where wolves abound and where the horses lead a wild lifeand have to shift for themselves, it is said that a young colt will sometimes be made so furious by the perse- cution of inis enemies that he will rush mildly among a drove of wolves and bite and strike until “he has slaughtered « large number of them. These horses are exceptionally fierce, rendered so, it is supposed, largely by the ex- treme varintions in the climate. At one time of the year they suffer from the intense heat of a tropical sun and at another they live among snow storms and extreme cold. HORSES SOMETIMES GO MAD. ‘There are a number of stories about the fury of horses on the battlefield, and occasionally they seem to go mad. One instance of this was an English soldier who happened to be drawing water, seized him in his mouth and threw him down, and then, kneeling upon him, tore at his breast and actually bit off his hand!’ Before this terror could be subdued he bit off another sol- dier’s finger and seriously injured the veteri surgeon of the regiment. on probable that a excitement had driven y ‘There was a case similar to the above in Ili- nois some years ago. A Mr. Hannan of Peoria suddenly found his horse, usually a very gentle one, acting in @ very strange manner. would lay hold,” eaid the the account, “with his sete were would » rat was ‘the horse reached fnto'a pig pen and, ig hold of one of its inmates, threw it up ‘This strange feat he repeated two in immediately sent for a popular farrier, but when he arrived the horse was moro quict w i will sup-] tured leaders can see that clearly enough. Mr, | °! to prevent | time teil i $ Eve 4 E 5 EE. iF Hf i Hl ‘l & F F : : i i f Hy i by 2 horse and i ihe E t rl peg | om gs DEPEXDENGE ‘The last story told was the most wonderful of | ‘all, and yet this, too, is « matter of history and is trae. It was brought up as an illustration of | the dependence of horses upon human beings. | In the peninsular war in Europe two Spanish | companies, mounted fine Andalusian horses, nambering more than 1,100, | from Funen were unable to take | ‘their horses with them, so they took off their | and bridles and turned them loose upon beach, while they put off to sea. When the horses realized that ‘the; STORIES IN NOVELS—THE NATURAL way OF SAYING “YES"—LOOK HIM IN THE EYE—DON'T MIDE YOUR FACE ON WIS SHOULDER. UDYARD KIPLING SAYS SOMEWHERE that next to @ requited attachment one of the most convenient things for a young man to carry around with him at the beginning of his career is an unrequieted attachment. He didn't say whether he thought it wax good for young | ‘women or not, but I'm inclined to think he is not one of those people who never recognize the fact that young women sometimes have that burden to bear. Of course no one is snpposed to know about our unrequited attachments, even in leap year. A young man can at jeast bave the satis- faction of laying the matter before the girl and trying to make her feel and think as he does, but the girl has the dismal consciousness that he knows all about it anyway and likes ber less for it, and she can’t help it. T’ve lost my faith in the girl in the novel. I used to think she was a real, live girl, but ebe isn't. She is not so interesting, When» man acks the all-important question I don't believe it’sa wonderful surprise; that she'snever thought of him in that way before, but only as # friend, and then it flashes across her in an infinitesi- mally short space of time—a minate or so—that she loves him, and says “yes” very sweetly and shyly with her head on his shoulder. If they truly love each other she must know Jong before he tells her. I don't believe she 4 her head on his shoulder, anyway. If she loes she’s very silly. Why doesn’t she look into his eyes and see his love? girlin the novel never falls in Jove; ys fallen in love with, Heal live girlsare yery apt to fail in love—and fall out of it, too, fortunately. at Fmst sont, I fell in love about four months ago. This is rather an unusual action on my pert. This is my first year out of school and I many men. It was at a tea and how could I helj Iwas assisting a friend of mine and we hud stood for two tiresome hours saying the same things over and over to different people when along came Prince Charming. 8 what he was tome from the rat. Ho was tall, well-proportioned and soldierly and graceful in his bearing. I had a confused sense that a fine blonde face was not very far from mine,and that a fine pair of exceedingly expressive blue eyes were looking into my brown orbs. I can re- member, even now, jast what we talked about and how sorry I was when some one else claimed my attention. I had only a few more words with him that evening, and when the tea was over I had forgotten his name and almost for- gotten him. THE FIRST STAOR. Two or three days after a bevy of girls who had been at the tea happened tobe together and fell to discussing the lovely people they'd met there. Ench girl thought some particular man was just too lovely for anything. One of them was a wealthy grocer, another looked like Booth and was brother to an actor, another Was @ military exquisite, another an ‘ethnolo- gist or something. I couldn't be out of it al- together, so I chose the blonde Prince Charming to rave about, and outdid them all at the raving business. And my first attempt, too! That was the first stage. I raved for some time around home. I was fond of describing his beautiful spun gold hair, so different from my midnight tresses, and his Jovely bine eyes. I never liked his mustach> very much. Itdidn't look weak or straggling, but it concealed his mouth, and I always like to Knowif eves and mouth ’tell the sume story. His eyes and mouth contradict each other, Chave since discovered. It didn’t take long for me to find out his name, his business and his past love affaire. He was well known in the city and the mere men- tion of his name would bring forth valuable information. My father known bim for some time, but somehow I never went to him with my i LONGING TO SEE PRINCE CHARMING. ‘The next stage was an irresistible longing to see my prince once more. I had thought about him and dreamed about him and talked about him someitet ee +> ona 3 he could be so fascinating as I pictured him. wondered if I had idealized him, as I have other I wanted to find out and I didn't know I was helped in an unforeseen way. A young lady came to spend a few days with me. She was more experienced than I. She had been in Jove many times and was much interested in my little affair. i a Eis anything to see him again. — Well, him a note, but, reftecting that it ‘was rather unusual to write notes tomen on such slight acquaintance, we decided to telephone and not send the note. Funny, wasn't it, tha® we didn’t think how much more unusual it was for hadn't met | } T bave met him at different social gatherings, but have only been vouchsnfed a few words with him. How it angered me to see him took at all the girls in the heart-thrilling was! Of course I knew even when be was thrilling me alone that be very likely ad the same eve-y fashion, but it didn't trowhie me any until I maw it, I had been told that be was a Indy killer, but I wouldn't believe iM When I saw, I sorrowfully admitted the fact ait, way thought intended to wither bi me the chance to deliver ot. TRE PRINCH IB SHY. I invited him tos party at‘our house. He wouldn't come. He had a plansible excuse and pretended to regret his inability dnt I have sine the didn't need to be— he was real designs on him little evening companies « always had good excuses ache or urgent business matters ot preview en nts. Finally the hamor of the thing struck me and 1 used to wke pleasure in calling him ap by telephone and inviting bim to fiet- Sons partion, “regret” and be “so sorry.” too, that there was another girl who telepho only on rare ocassions to bim, and 1 knew b- much more pleased he was when «he tele oned. 1 took mualicions pleasure in hearty disappointed tone when he found it was t telephone, by the wa id toll some interesting stories, or at least Loould. Dim Glad the telephone can't. Isaw himon F strect again, Tt wns soon after the first party Thad invited him to. ie turned and walked a short distance with me telling me how sorry be was that he bad m: it, I was very sorry, too, but pretended to he only indifferently so, I wasnt so overcome with delight this time at sccing bin. al ¥, raw day. and his now was ax bine almost as his eves, which looked faded by daylight, he needed a shave: beades ( happened co thing of what some one hud said-—that be looked ax if he had the liver complaint. A Prince Charm ing, indeed’ The next time be walked straghe Past without seeing me. Another fond iiluom, was rudely evaporated. I had alway believed that always told , was thinking of vou or looking at was doing both. FoR THE Last Tank, The last time I saw him was on the mame street and about the dame place. I hadn't seem or telephoned to him for a week and I travele@ down town for the express purpose of seeing him. Iwas repaid, I saw his buck. Since thas T've been pining. It isn’t nearly such uncom: we you wteadal: fortable work as the novelists make it out to be, It ien't absolutely necessery to lowe one's tite. You don't alwayn get thin indeed it's baving the opposite effect on me. Tbaven's agreatded of mu al talent, but I take @ fal pleasure in playing’ Mendelssohn's wsolation” as dolefully ax Tcan and “For- saken” and the most solemn Methodist hym in the dark. Then Tread all ti unrequited love that I can find. 1 sit twilight and moonlight a great deal and it’s quite pleasant to pit ‘Oniy r been finding it rather more dificult, becaw just as I settle down to have areal quite ni ng hour all alone, my thoughts will wander strong, manly face of one whore eyes are iy blue, , nor his locks . but who plainly thinks I'm a litde bis which is altogether so refreshing thet I don't think my pining stage will last much longer. AT OAK CEMETERY. Distinguished Dead Whose Graves Will Be Decorated Monday One of the most interesting of the cemeteries Which receive especial attention on Memorial day is Oak Hilk For many years the decora- tion of the graves of distinguished heroes has been intrusted to Comrade D. W. Houghton of J. A. Garfield Post, No. 7. Ho has been extra- ordinarily attentive, and only through hisefforte have a large number of the graves been idanti- fied and properly marked. Year after year does Mr. Houghton correspond with relatives of the dead soldiers and sailors now sleeping in Oak Hill, and from all perts of the country at about this season he receives re in great profusion. So complete is jongh fon'e ‘grave indea that every Mttlo motad which covers one of the Union's dead has on it at least a flag and a handful of towers. The committee which will attend to the dec~ orating on Monday consists of D. W. Hi cl . E. Post, Sheridan Post, No, 14; Mrs. Marin A. Houghton, Mrs. Virginia Tra- Vers, Miss Olive Travers, Miss Helen Roeser, Miss’ Belle R. Honghton and Mise Della Mc@ire of Potomac Keliet Corps, W. RK. C., and Miss Littie Mckinzie. Among the distinguished poldiers and anilors buried in Oak Hill cemetery are Secretaries of War Edwin M. Stanton ana John H. Eaton, Secretary of the Navy W. H. Hunt, Major Gen- erals Jesse L. Reno, Charles A, Griffin, Morgan L. Smith, Lorenzo Thomas, Adjutant Generals _ Casey, T. 8. Jewap, than Towson, Brigadier Prank A. Strat~ Campbell, Horace Capron, Geor oman, Adna Anderson, W. Maynadiers Wun. Moles Dunn and John ‘Garland, Cols, and Lieutenant Colonels Samuel Owen, H. W. Kingsbury, John Harris, Marines Llewellyn Jones,O. H.Irish, B.F.Grafton,R. P. Dodge, 3. McH. Hollingsworth, D. P. Woodbury, Wm. Turnbull, L. J. Middleton and H. H. Voss, Majs. Geo. A. Gordon, Robt. Langdon, E. E. Maynadier, John A. Craig, L. A. Edwards, Geo. Bender, J. KR. Bigelow, Henry H. Pierce, firet Connecticut artillery; Samuel Ridgely, Robt. Eastman, J. 0. Stanton; Capts. Otto Herzog, twelfth Now York cavalry: A. K. Long, Hooker, Alois Babb, twenticth Massachusetts volunteers; W. G. Hunt, second Maryland volunteers; Jas. Gray, twelfth New York infantry volunteers; D. 8 Castle, nineteenth Indians volunteers; Emerson Goodrich, eightieth Ohio volunteers W. H. Deggs, District of Colambia volunteers; men with such a tele-| W ‘He was mystified and surprised and inclined to think some on@ was playing » joke on him, but he came and I was again under the epell of when he returned from office be walked down F street, 8 80 many other young business men do also men who ure not and i t Kear Admirals G. H. Scott, C. H. Poor, Bailey, Fabius Stanley, John « Wilkes, C. K. Stribling, Stephen B. Quackems bush, 8. P. Carter, Willum Kadford, Admirals Joseph Smith, RK. H. Wy L. M. Powell, Jobn R. Beaumont, Madiron Yarnall, C. Rowan, Commodores Geo. W. M Upshur, C. 8. McCauley