Evening Star Newspaper, November 21, 1891, Page 9

eee WATERS. Sights Seen in Sailing Through the Southwestern Archipelago, IN STRANGE THE PATAGONIAN COAST. The Port of Corral and Something of Its History—Fierce Eattles Between the Span- the Fierce Indians—Istands Bleak and Barren—A Lofty Mountain Peak. From The Star's Trav Orr tHe Coast of Patacosta. MIDWAY BE CORONEL and the entrance to that perilous passage known as Smyth's channel is the Port Corral, one of the quaintest and most pictareaque has been my good fortune to find. <h binff overlooking its placid bay, his said to be the safest as it is the most as in southern Chile, are the crum- lemented fortress—the aream or of a picture, entirely the prosaic forts of nowadays. This tructed more than three centuries and aquarter ago by Pedro de Valdivia, one of Pizarro’s followers, the same dougity adven- turer who founded Santiago and left the mark of his irou hand upon all Chile. Inside the fort are rusty cannon of queer pattern, totter- ing stairways that lead to grass-grown pas- sages and moldy vaults below, where door- ys open to the water's edge. Just back of an odd little village straggles up and steepest streets, whose weather- “, ancient church and dingy «a- BOL places Upon al wh g walls of a th eaten cotta; wons look as if tired of clinging to the cliffs and ready to let g slip quietly into Having seve their precarious hold and the se | hours to wait here the two or sengers hastened ashore with usiasm in their eyes and sketch books in ud, while your correspondent foolishly re- her camera. Put not your trust in a traveling in strange places where photographs are particularly desired and can- not be bought. As everybody knows who has tried those ‘truments the “you- pre: nd-we-do-the-rest” idea is jonsense—unless one isa modern Joshua and make the sun stand still or Bid it beam | ly must it be shining | any impression on the pesky le films, but must be in such position as to throw its rays directly on the object to be pho- hever obliquely or into the camera ately the orb of day happened to be in the wrong direction at Corral and we could get no pieture at all PRAVE AND UNCONQUERARLE INDIANS. The time-worn battlements overlook classic ground, which many a Spanish poet bas cele- ted ix: Almost within sight of laken prisoner and killed, Keaders of history will re- that famous Spaniard and his sometimes victorious and sometimes de- feated. gradually advanced as far south as N INDIANS. between Corral and Valdivia city is entitled to the name *-Valdivia.” The capital of Valdivia province is the most important town in southern Chile, the center of a considerable trade in flour, timber, hides and wool, and is settled almost exclusively by Germans.” It was founded by the ont the “year Si; forty years later it was | taken and plundered by the Araucanians, and in 1837 was again completely ruined by an earthquake. Some of us chartered a steam tug and went up the river to Valdivia city. So narrow and winding is tne channel.full of snags and shoals, that it is navigable only for craft drawing less than nine and one-haif feet of water, and even they require the assistance of a local pilot. All the adjacent country is hilly and heavily tim- bered, and the river looks barred a little way ahead by the green, untrodden solitudes that crowd close on every side, while the perspec- tive is closed by the great white voleano calléd “Villa Rica,” which stands 175 miles inland, but whose ‘snowy dome is distinctly visible from the ocean. "The city of Villa Rica, at its base, which Valdivia built some 340 years ago, has been so many times destroyed by Indians and earthquakes that but little trace of it re- mains. A DISAPPOINTING TOWER. Valdivia city is only about 1,000 feet above sea level and is completely surrounded by dense forests. The chief object of interest in it is an old tower, a relic of the Conquistadores, which shows up’ beautifully from the river. On landing we made a run for it, for the eap- tain gave us only fifteen minutes ashore, and it would not be pleasant to have the Osiris sail away and leave us inthis lonesome tegion. We found it another case of where “distance lends enchantment to the view,” and were sorry we had disillusioned ourselves. A rough board fence is built close around the ancient tower at the top of thelittle hill upon which it stands. Ascending a flight of rickety wooden steps we pounded upona rickety wooden door with visions before our eyes of knights and troubadours, halberds and coats-of-mail—and were answered by the angry baying of adog inside. Pres- ently the door was opened by an elderty Ger- man woman, who lives within the temporary inclosure, in a little wooden hut leaned against the crumbling citadel, which appeared to be conjointly occupied by a numerous colony of pigs and chickens. A pile of boards obstructed the entrance to the tower, in front of which the angry dog tugged frantically at his chain; so that there was nothing to be done but scamper back to the landing with all pcssible speed. THE ISLAND OF CHILOE. Thongh we were three days in passing through Smythe’s channel—coming to anchor every night at sunset—it is barely 75 miles long, beginning just beyond Chiloe, which is the northernmost island of that wonderful chain of islands and archipelagoes extending from about latitude 42 degrees south- ward to Cape Horn. Chiloe, by itself, is a provinee of Chile, 120 miles long by 50 mile wide, with a total ‘area of 5,200 square miles. Though its interior has never yet been ex- plored the island is divided into five “com- partments.” or districts, of which Ancud is the capital. It is a tolerably well-built town, a bishop's seat, with some pretensions of ¢le- gance, which in times not long past had a population as high as 8,000. In the year 1875 the total population of the province was esti- mated at 64,536. Garcia de Mendoza discov- ered the island and its adjacent archipela; in 1558, and took possession in the name of the King of Spain. On the expulsion of the Span- Corral, and, under pretense of spreading the ish forces from the rest of Chile (in 1818) they fled to Chiloe; but abandoned the island about Christian religion. il manner of eruelties upon the rigines, and how, for more than ninety years, the Chilean Indians, | ‘*. armed only with wooden bows and arrows, waged war s, who were well supplied with European firear from Peru never conquere: npolican, the greatest Arancanian cbic » besieged more Span- is fortifications, destroyed more Spanish cities 4.4 drove the invaders of place to place—died within a stoi w of Corral. le had been defeated he innumera- ble battles between the Spaniards and his peo- ple fought on the banks of the Valdivia river, ud fer some months afterward remained in ding, until one of the natives, being tortured by the soldiers beyond endurance, revealed his secret retreat. It is related that when Caupoli- ean was captured, after a terrific struggle, his | wife, who had exhorted the chief to die rather | than surrender, threw her infant son at his feet, | declaring that she would retain nothing to re~ mind her of a coward. As among all Indian nations, the women of 1 the early Chileans were noted for inciting their! sons and lovers to battle. I believe it was in 139 that Chief Guepotan, who had long de- feuded a pass in the Andes, came down to Cor- Tei to visit bis wife aud was murdered by a party of Spaniards, wherenpon the wife, whose Rame was Janequeo, burning with a desire for tevenge, placed hervelf, with her younger brother, at the head of « small band of Indians and made many inroads into the Spanish set- Mements, killing every hated pale-fice who fell into their hands “For maaly @ year the most experienced Spanish generais were no match for her. When the rainy season came + @ she was compelled to retire to the mountains farther up the river, where she fortified her- self in a place surrounded by _precipices, from whence she daily harassed’ th neighboring so that nobody dared to leave it. ‘She was finally driven from the stronghold by a force | of artillery, but saved herself by flight. TRE NAME OF VALDIVIA. It wos in this neighborhood that Lautaro, the sixteen-year-old Indian whom Valdivia had captured in one of bis incursions, baptized and nade his in a battle between Cyppol- iron ond the Spaniards, when vietory seemed to favor the latter, seized a lance, turned esainst his late master’and rallied his dusky ccuntrymen; when—so sys the good Abbe Molino—“The Chileans, ashamed at being sur- passed in valor by a boy, turned with such fury upon their enemies as to put themto rout and | destroy theme so that of the whole splenuid Spanish om ied two men escaped.” yagh the conquered Valdivia begged hard, but im vain, for his life after that fatal fray with the youthfil Lautaro, and promised if #pared to leave the country at once and forever ith all his followers, and though dive of the eight cities he founded now lie in ruins, this par of Chile is fall of him. The river bears his name, as well as the fertile province through which it runs, and its capital city. Properly speaking. it is the Rio Calle, flowing from the Andes to the sea, and only that portion of it | alway | of deep moss, soaked like a sponge with cease t years afterward. The whole southward coas: of the island is an inaccessible precipice, .000 feet high, against which the Pacific thun- ders with ceaseless uproar. The interior is hilly and mostly covered with dark forests of Chilean cedar—the Fitzroya patigonica known mmerce. Buta comparatively small por- ion of it has been cleared, and thongh its scanty population enjoy considerable trade passing Vessels, money is almost unknown them, all business transactions being ‘onducted by barter. ‘The most valuable arth f commerce is the cedar above mentioned, which is exported in small plavks. Nextin im= pertance is the indigenous potato, which is annually produced in increasing quantities as the forests are cut away. Iam told that coal beds of considerable size and value bave Intely been discovered, which promise to give Chiloe & new importance. THE BARREN ISLAND, WELLINGTOS. The largest island off the coast of Chile is Wellington, a good deal farther southward, | *hich is 140 miles long by from thirty to fifty wide. The home of the penguin and the sea here cold winds blow and snow storms gous i during the greater portion of the year, has never been explored to any extent and {eame fo support nothing better thw antaretic eches and several kinds of evergreens, grow- ng amid soft, spongy moss, into which those who venture ashore sink to'their knees The Patagonian channels, of which there are many besides this named “Smythe,” are remarkably alike in general features—some broadening out four or five miles, others narrowing to a ship's length. All of them have high, abrupt shores, showing innumerable peaks "and nds, whose dark ‘and rugged shapes lend an appearance of gloomy grandeur rarely to be seen elsewhere. Probably the weatherhas much todo with the prevailing dreariness, for the sun never smiles brightly upon this forbidding corner of creation, where it snows or rains every day inthe year and twilight falle at 4 o'clock. The only ‘species of verdure found so far from the equator are evergreens and ant- arctic beeches, and those are everywhere, blackening the mountain sides from the water's edge to a height of several thousand feet and a tangled undergrowth, springing out less moisture. By and by we come to glaciers, mountains of green aud blue ice with crests of snow, stretching ten, fifteen and twenty miles unbroken grandeur, beside which those of Switzerland and Norway dwindle to insignifi- cance. ‘THE LOFTY PEAK, MOUNT SARMIEXTO. | The highest peak of this region is Mount | Sarmiento, in what is known as Cockburn channel, which rears a cone of spotless snow nearly 7,000 feet t up from the blue | Pacitic at its feet. Its beauty is enhanced by numerous blue-tinted glaciers descending from its summit—as Darwin, who once saw it, said— “like a bundred frozen Ni ” On the coast | ofsouthern Chile,ason that of Norway, the fords | are not only narrow, but deep, and the tides run with restless force. fore entering the English narrows every vessel ewings out ite THE EVENING STAR: ‘WASHINGTON. D.C.. SATURDAY. en oetity boats, half lowered, to be ready in case of run- ning upon rock or reef. The entire crew is told off tovrpecial service in case of any emer- gene~ / ~umber stand in the stern, prepared tor" _,,pailiary steering apparatus in the tt “éf.an eye, should that in customary tes givdliuy. ‘The bostewsin and conpeaterse main at the windlass in the prow, ready to let Bo the anchor at a moment's notice. In one place this channel is barely 600 feet across, with slack water on one side and a powerful current on the other. Messier channel is not much wider, with walls of ndicular rock on both sides, from 2,000 to $000 feet high: Near ite further end is a huge dome-shaped mountain, a mass of solid granite without a sign of verdure, down which cascades trickle, some of them frozen into min- iature glaciers. PICNICKING ON THE SHORE. Every afternoon immediately on coming to snchor, 80 as to make the most of the short twilight, the captain allowed his passengers to goashore, himself selecting the best landin; places. Sailors rere detailed to take care o 1¢ picnickers. to build res by piling brushwood around some. tall pine tree’ and te roast in its ashes the mussels that literally line the rocks. On these uncanny excursions nobody ventured far inland, deterred as much by fear of prowling Patagonians as by the deep, wet moss. There are neither —_ nor dan- gerous beasts to be encountered here, for ani- mals know better than to make their homes so near the inhospitable south pole. But one has reason to be afraid of the indigenous human species. though rarely met, unless his party outnumbers theirs. Que windy afternoon in the half hour between sunset and darkness I wandered alone a short distance from the signal fire and found a cluster of deserted huts set close to the beach, each surrounded by a might pile of mussel shells. The nomadic Indians of this section, subsisting upon berries and raw sea food, roam from place to place, according tothe season. They build huts in favorite localities for use whenever they return thereto—skeleton houses, made by planting both ends of lithe poles, interlaced, in the ground,on top of which skins cen be spread A PATAGONIAN INDIAN. when the owners wish to occupy them. Each hut was about three feet high by perhaps five feet across, shaped precisely like an inverted circular basket. Trying to fancy how it would feel to be a Patagonian I crawled into one of them and was rewarded for my lowly minded- ness by finding a fishing spear, made of a long bone, notched on one side like saw teeth, an a bag-like basket of woven reeds. Fawsre B. Warp. ——__—_-e+____ PRINCESS WINNEMUCCA. The Only Indian Woman on the Pacific Coast Who Was Conspicuous, Princess Sarah Winnemucca, daughter of old Chief Winnemucea of the Piute tribe, died in Montana recently, while on a visit to her sister. She wasa remarkable woman and had been conspicuous in the dealings with the Indians of the Pacific coast for twenty-five years, always trying to lead them into the ways of civilization having been educated by Catholic sitters. In the early days of Oregon and Idaho the Piute tribe, which included the Bannocks, Sheep Eaters, Weisers, Malheurs and all the Snake River Indians committed many depredations, but under her influence the old chief, as far as his jurisdiction extended, forced the tribes to be at peace. The proprietor of the Walla Walla Statesman tells this story of his meeting with the princess in the Malheur country in the spring of 1878: “She was then on her way to the Malheur reservation in the vain endeavor to prevent the reservation Indians from going on the war- th with Buffalo Horn. One night one of the jorses of her team got away, and to help her out we loaned a young fellow ‘who was slong with her one of our horses to hunt the lost one. Charles Robinson of this city anda boy were slong with us at the time, and for the help we rendered her we always gave her credit for saving our little company from being killed. The Indians had already donned their war paint and we were in the midst of them. The very day we arrived on the reser- vation everything was looking dark. Sarah was all the time in consultation with Chief Eagan and sent for us. Going to her wickinp she introduced us to Eagan and intimated that we had better get and stand not upon the order of getting. As we only had one gun among our crowd the advice was taken. After this Sarah joined Howard’s outfit and followed him throughout the Bannock campaign as a guide and possible interpreter in case of a de- sire to surrender on the part of the hostiles. When the war ended she was in great demand by the Interior Department authorities, and did good work in having the remnants of her tribe removed to various other reservations where they could do no mischief. She was the only Indian woman on this coast who ever took a prominent part in settling the Indian ques- tion, and as such her memory should be re- spected.”” ——__+ee —____ Taught the President’s Bible Class. ‘From the Chicago Tribune. An old newspaper man: I heard story which is true that hasn't been printed. There was a preacher who happened to stop over in Indian- apolis one Sunday. He was well known and was invited over to the Presbyterian church which Mr. Harrison attended before he became President. Mr. Harrison used to have a Bible class in that school. The incident I have just mentioned occurred soon after Mr. Harrison became President. The visiting minister was asked to take the class on the occasion of his visit and did so. The fact was printed asa mere item in the Indianapolis newspapers the next day, and a shrewd correspondent tele- graphed it to several papers outside, and pretty soon it got into the hands of the exchange editors, and when the exchange editors set an item afloat it comes pretty near going on for- ever. If I was a politician 1 would send every exchange editor in the country a box of cigars. As soon as the item got the start I have mentioned (it gave the minister's name and post office address) the poor minister's mail be- gan to accumulate and kept on increasing. And what do you think those letters were about? Nearly every writer wrote that he supposed the minister to be a close friend of the President because he had taught the President's Bible class, and the writer made bold to ask his (the minister's) aid in securing for the writer a Postmastership. That is the portion of the story that has not been printed up to the time of my telling it. The « minister at first undertook to reply tothe mail, but it finally encroached upon his time and ‘salary and now he uses them to kindle the fire. 0+ 4t the Club. Gay bachelor—Do you think there is any- thing in the theory ‘that married men live than unmarried ones?” fenpecked friend (wearily)—“‘Ob, I don't know—seems longer.” ——— +02 —__— The Pennsylvania railroad has secured an in- junction cbatructing the balkiing ef ibe Bali road along the Delaware water front. Never was there » more exciting foot ball contest than that between Amherst and Williams on Pratt's Field at Amberst, Mass. yesterday. The game resulted in neither team y OVEMBER 21, ATTRACTIVE HOMES. Early Suggestions for Pretty Gifts for the Holidays. THINGS TO MAKE AT HOME. Bureau Scarfs and Dainty Small Work Boxes —A Basket of Tea Chest Matting and How It is Capable of Handsome Decoration—Photo- graph Frames of Varied Designs. Written for The Evening Star. LMOST IMPERCEPTIBLY THE DAYS are gliding along, and before it can be re- alized the holiday season will again be upon us. Some advance preparations are already being made apparent in the way of special attrac- tions offered to shoppers in our stores, and an idea may thus be gained of what will be the later offerings of all kinds, The household pa- pers are already beginning their yearly advice on what to do and how to do it in the way of Christmas presents, and, indeed, it is none too soon, for before we know it the season of gifts will be here. There is always the same desire and intention of being in the van in the matter of readiness, but generally there is a great flocking to the inglorious rear with the belated articles which were to have been waiting in se- clusion for weeks before being called forth for distribution. However, if any one begins as early in the season as this there is every likeli- hood that a completed list will be the satisfac- tory outcome, but maybe a fewsuggestions will give the needed impetus to really make a be- ginning in the matter. SOME PRETTY THINGS TO MAKE. ‘Taking it for granted that many people wish to make some at least of the presents which they bestow upon their friends, I will speak first of some of the pretty things that can be done at home and which are neither elaborate or expensive. Simple and pretty bureau scarfs—and what housekeeper can ever accu- mulate too many of these useful articles7—may be made of three hemstitched handkerchiefs put together with lace insertings and a lace edge across each end. These may be put over a colored lining, or where a pretty wood const tutes the bureau top may be left in the semi- transparent state so as to show it off. Ifa Jonger scarf is wanted than three handker- chiefs will make—for achiffonier, for instauce— four may be used in the same way, bringing an inserting at the center. This requires so little skill or exercise of taste that one might at- tempt it, though avowedly without either. The pretty laces are so reasonable in price that a wide choice is offered for all kinds, and neat- ness in sewing on is all that is required to make this finish a success. DAINTY SMALL WORK BOXES. Small work boxes are daintier than ever and less complex, fo that any one capable of nico sewing may make one, though skill in embroid- ery may be utilized to make the box still rettier. Small pasteboard pieces may be cut for the foundation, though a tinsmith will cut ‘the pieces of tin, which aro as easily covered, and afteward are secure from breaking or bend- ing as pasteboard does. First cover the sepa- rate pieces with pink India silk, basting the edges together, then over the outside of each piece baste white sheer mull, Persian lawn or any such thin half-transparent stuff, on which have been powdered tiny flowers and leaves in embroidery, one shade only of pink silk being used for this. The top and four sides are thus ornamented, leaving the inside of the box of the uncovered pink silk. After carefully basting the box put together by sewing it over hand with white sewing silk, ink ribbons being added to tie the lid to the ox infront. Inside» little needle book, em- ery, pair of gilt or silver scissors and wax may be added if one desires, but the little box quite empty but ready to hold a bit of work makes a pretty gift of itself. The boxes which are fastend to a strip of silk-lined kid with various pockets and conveniences are much more to undertake than these mae little affairs, which really answer about all the purposes of the other. Any India or brocaded silk might be used by a non-embroiderer and would be retty enough too. A serviceable cover would te an outside of any of the brocades with black ground and Pompadour bouquet, in colors, the box to be lined with satin like the flowers, ‘yel- low for instance, and tied with the same rib- bons. A BASKET OF TEA-CHEST MATTING. Tread the other day a description of a basket made of tea-chest matting, and almost imme- diately after I saw one exhibited at a woman,s exchange. The matting being pliable, the cor- ners are bent in like @ box plait, square of the material being used. A loose silk lining is put in, the edges bound with ribbon, a lid, ribbon-bound, being fastened on by ribbon hinges. It was really an effective basket, and any one with ingenuity might vary the form of the basket so that originality might play a part in its construction. ‘This isa thing that any one hampered by the question of ways and means might undertake, and with the soft green, of the matting and a bit of green India silk or green and white, which would be even prettier, or turquoise blue silk, make a basket that any- body might be glad to receive: but let whoever does it avoid the scarlet silk, which was the color in the one I saw and was the worst that could be chosen to combine with the green. For the many people who dabble in paints, at least enough to put some little decoration on Various articley, there are always plenty. of ideas to carry out, which a touch of this kind will make successful. For them there are white splint baskets, which may be thickly covered with forget-me-nots on one side and tied with blue ribbons, to serve as bonbonieres, or violets may be painted on them, or any other flower which happens to be a known favorite with the recipient. PRETTY DECORATED BASKETS. Among the prettiest of the ready decorated baskets offered for sale aro those shaped almost like a book, so thin are they, compared with the length und breadth. They are of white splints, with » bunch of flowers painted on one side; a quire of paper and envelopes just fit into the basket, and these are tied with a nar- row ribbon, the large rings serving for handles being brought together on top and caught with a ribbon to match. These are so preity, that ‘one would be glad to find the plain baskets and have the pleasure of decorating them, especially as those already painted have not very tasteful designs, but inquiries #o far have failed in find- ing the baskets without these accompaniments Photograph frames will probably flourish ex- tensively as Christmas gifts; instead of becom- ing undesirable from their commonness they come in greater variety than ever, with some little touches of novelty, though the idea seems worn almost threadbare of iteelf. DAINTY PHOTOGRAPH FRAMES. One of the dantiest I have seen was of pale old rose crepe for # single cabinet-sized pic- ture, with top somewhat higher in the middle and irregular shape, and for decoration three small ilver fleur de lis in the upper corner and one larger one in the lower corner ding- onally opposite. Some of thenew photographs are in a different size from any heretofore, larger and wider than cabinets and requiring special frames from those most readily found inthe shops. ‘The new finish, too, called mezzo tint or plating type. with the soft appearance of an engraving, look very well in wide-mar- ined frames, either singlo or to hold a num- r, which may be set about and thus shown tothe best advantage. Another style from the silk, linen or kid-covered frame is that of "glass, which ix this year. A sheet of clear glass somewhat larger than the picture it is to hold has a margin painted in flowers in oil paints. Either a close wreath ray ia the favorite arrangement and) the thickest part design is close around the picture, while the outer edge is left transparent. e photograph is put back of the which {hoe forms glass and frameboth, andastandard ture in and supports the frame, ‘Thi te something that exe be decorated at home, but it needs an unusually tasteful arrangement of the painted flowers to make it pretty at all. The ready-made two- fold frames for cabinets, covered with ine apiece, paper, in white, pale pink, pale ue, may be bought tor about 3 conte d with water colors transformed inte very attractive frames for rooms-in these special colorings. Bow knots and flowers is what is used entirely for up, no sewing being necessary. A little cotton is put ‘over the pasteboard before covering to pad it, and sachet rider may be put over it if one fancies. ie it sachet wider — 80 we Xe ie welf concealed cotton or jumps will appear on surface of the covering. ————_—_ WITCHES IN ITALY. Savage Superstition Prevails in the Land of ‘Virgil ana Cicero. From the New York Morning Journal. Few Americans are aware of the extraordi- nary extent to which a belief in witchcraft is carried in Italy. Asan illustration one needs but to read the following vivid sketch from the Becolo of Milan of eome little time ago: “We seem to dream. But yesterday mornin; here in Milan something occurred which istrue in every detail, even the most startling and terrible. “In Vin Ripa Porta Ticinese, No. 61, in a modest room on the fourth story dwells the family of a journeyman varnisher named Mala- terra Franciosi, with his wife Virginia, aged twenty-five, glovemaker, and two children, one of whom has been illfor a month with some obstinate and strange disorder. A female neighbor who pretended to some knowledge of medicine declared that the child was bewitched; that it was needless to have recourse to physi cians or priests; the only means of cure would be to discover the witch who had done the mis- chief, and that this done the cure would be im- mediate. “The woman, asa great secret, after much entreaty, taught them how to doit. It was to take the clothes of the child, put them in a pot of water and heat it. The instant it would gin to boil the witch would be forced by an irresistible diabolical power to appear, and thus be compelled to make herself known. This was done and the Franciosi awaited in anxiety the result. “By chance, just as the pot to boil, a Angela Micheletti, aged thirty-four, living in the Vie Tortona, No. 11, wife of workman, enciente for seven months, who was on the way with a pair of wooden shoes to have them mended, came in. She was a friend of the Franciosi’ and called to inquire as to the health of the child. Seeing her, Mrs. Franciosi cried out, ‘Give it to the’ witch!” Mra. Micheletti, thinking her friend was mad, tried to calm her, but the other, raging, roared loudly, ‘Help! The witzh!’ “And in an instant all the nei out in a crowd, and attacked Mrs. Micheletti, secking to tear her to pieces. The poor woman fled, pursued by the raging erowd, which cried: “Dali alla strega! (Give it to the witch!) Mrs. Micheletti, more dead than alive, took refuge in the Church of Santa Maria del Nav- iglio, and the crowd rushed in, crying out and seeking a squarciagola (to tear her to pieces). “The wretched woman, kneeling at the grand altar, raived her hands in supplication, sobbing, trembling, begging for mercy. In vain. TI wildest of the Megaerae pulled out her hair, treated her disgracefully and beat her without mercy. ‘The priest (parroco) ran at the cry and tried to shield her, but in vain, and was near being trampled on himself by the impet- yous crowd. ‘With every abuse the victim was dragged to the house of the Franciosi and hurried up- thborhood was stairs. In vain the wretched woman, weeping, protested her innocence. She only received curses and blows. Finally, ,the delegate, Omodel, with aid of guardie, succeeded in dis- persing the crowd, when Mrs. Franciosi, per- ceiving too late her unpardonable folly, threw herself at the knees of her friend, begging ber forgiveness, declaring that another woman had counseled her and what she had done was for the love of her éhild. “In the afternoon the poor woman, accom- panied by her husband and Signor Omodel, was taken to her home in a brougham and put to Led. She was better next morning, but still trembling from her suffering. The ad mem- ory of this savage mediwval’scene will long be remembered in the suburb of Porta Ticinese. ‘The women who had torn the hair from t) head of Mrs. Micheletti burned it, uttering i cantations, and then ran to the house of the Frunciosi ‘to find if the child had recovered. And as it was, according to them, much better, they cried: ‘See if it is not bewitched." It may interest the reader to know the de- tails of the mystic ceremony of boiling the clothes. “Quando si ha uno bambino strogato” (when baby is bewitched). ‘Take the clothes of the arpen this knife, I whet the accursed witch, ‘That she cannot resist coming, Until unto my child She again restores health.” “Then the witch will probably appear at the window, o1 it may be at the door, in the form of a cat, or dog. or specter. But be in no fear, for these are but shifting forms (forme com: diate). nd donot take the knife from the table nor let the clothes cease to boil till 3 a. And being by this charm compelled to appear and obey the witch, when ordered, will remove the illness of the child.” ‘There are several incantations to be pro- nounced on burning the bair of any person whom we may wish to injure, the following being probably the only one used by the women referred to. When hairs are found they should be burned while these lines are re- peated: “Se sei anima buona, Va in pace. Se vei una atrega, &c. If thou art a good soul Go in peace! If thou art a witch, Burst so that the sound May be heard afar, So that the devil Himself may hear it, And, bursting his chains, May come and take thee!” ‘These ceremonies, and especially the incanta- tions, are jealously guarded as great secrets among the adepts, and even while practicing them ‘they murmur the latter and conceal & portion of the forme: e+ —___ Mothers Can Appreciate It. From the Chicago Tribune. “That's only blood off'n my second littlest tee “An that?” “Zus’ where I slud off'n the barn.” “And this?” “Dirt.” He is four yearsold. His mother was getti him ready for bed. He had blue and black an brown bruises all over him. She bathed him and put on his nightgown. He said his prayers. Then he clamored into the chair 0] posite her. His expression was oue of pensiveness. “Mamma.” ke “Will you give me a pencil and paper.” “Whai do you want them for? ip Tis was the leading question. He evaded if “How.” he asked, “do you spell Omaha?” sexier aoset oan edo a hii low do you liceman?" She told him that, too. eer “How do you spell Ora Green and Elihu Green?” He was answered. “Can you spell Tommy Benjamin?” She could and did. propped his pink chin in ic He wassilent. He in his —_ and thought the matter over. Finally he drew a long breath and straightened qy Pox fought it I bade piece of paper ands pencil and I knowed how to spell every word would write toQmahs for a policeman to come and ‘rest Ora Green and Elihu Green an" Tommy Benjamin for frowin’ stones at me an’ sayin’: “‘Geo whizz! Stiggery bat, caraway rat.’”” The patient mother insisted on an adjourn- ment. When he was in bed and his a1 sister — cot on the other side of the room he said: “Mamma, are we all made out of dirt?” “Adam was,” she hedged. “Oh,” cried the wee girl, excited, aa God made ‘ittle dirls ont of dirts an’ pitondem! Did He,” in rightoous wrath, “pit on dem, mamma?” Evidently the latter ible fact was more galling than that of construction from clay. io one knows exactly how God maker roa.” “If "twas an iron house without any windows, could be?” . “Yes. Now go to ‘a Piy the tue 1: “Does God make “Yes. Now hush!” “How does He make cows, 1891—SIXTEEN PAGES. THE FLORIDA FORESTS A Weird Region, Filled With Wild and Fearless Animals, A SPORTSMAN’S PARADISE. Deer, Bear and Every Kind of Bird Abund- ant—Spakes of Every Description Numer- ous—Alligators of Immense Sise—Largest Cypress Trees in the State. Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. Axctore, Fra., Nov. 14, 1891. co 'HSTANDING THE STEADY EX- ploration of Florida by scouts for land companies, railroad engineers, prospectors for phosphate mines and adventurons sportsmen in search of new hunting grounds, yet there are thousands of square miles in the extreme southern portion of the state which are rarely trodden by the foot of the white man, and which are veritable zoological gardens in which feral animals are as tame as ever they were in the island home of Robinson Crusoe. The work of opening up these wilds is now being pushed forward by drainage and canal companies, but it must be many years before they can reclaim the vast southern savannas and render them fit for human habitation. One of the wildest and weirdest regions thus far discovered in the state is the lake known as Jane Green swamp or Sawgrass luke, which hasan area of at least 300 square miles and contains the finest body of cypress trees on this planet. This is a genuine sportsmen's paradise, wild animals being numerousand so fexriew through their unacquaintance with man that a hunter has actually to kick some of them out of his way before they will move. rokeets scream on almost every bough and move in dense flocks, like our common black- birds; flamingoes, ibises, roseate spoonbills, pelicans and other aquatic aud wading birds unt the margins of the lake at all times, and Faccoons and oppossums, bay lynxes, otters, foxes and marsh hares are ‘abundant enongh to arouse the avarice of even an amateur trapper. WILD ANIMALS NUMEROUS. Deer, bears and pumas are numerous on the uplands and turkeys haunt the contiguous for- ests, where mast is abundant. Snakes are also unusually common, every water hole and clamp of bushes seeming to have its own colony. One is likely to see over a hundred within an hour of two and probably three times that number inaday. The most numerous species are the water and upland moccasins, but rattlesnakes ere also very abundant, and king, whip, chicken and blacksnakes are frequently en- countered. When the ophidians are thick they exhale a sickening odor, which produces vom- iting in some persons, this being particularly true of rattlesnakes and moccasins. The lake lost much of its water recently, owing to extremely warm weather and a scarcity of rain, and this forced the fish to seek refuge in shallow pools, where they furnished a feast to owls, buzzards, 'coons and "possums, snakes and saurians. Thousands of fish could be seen flute ing about in the last stage of exhaustion, while thousands more lay putre- tying on the margins of the lake or were being devoured by foxes, ’coons or ‘possums. The latter creatures had probably never seen & man until they met Judge Harrison's party, and they were so indifferent to the hunters of this expedition that they scarcely deigned to glance at them as they passed b; Allanimals in the region displayed the same fearlessness, the deer merely scrutinizing them with fatuous curiosity, the bears snuffing the air, as if trying to decide to what class of creatures they belonged, and the hugest al- ligators in Florida paying no attention to their Presence. ‘The cone-like nests of the saurians are one of the most marked features of the landscape, as they are extraordinarily abundant and seem tohave been in existence for many years. Young reptiles are, as a consequence, very common, and as they are always ready for a fight a person must be careful not to approach them too closely. A FRIGHTENED ENGLISHMAN. One of them seized the trouser leg of a young man in Judge Harrison's explorin, Party, and he, thinking it was a snake, became almost insane with fear and dashed through brake and briar with a speed that could only be developed by terror, but as the saurian clung tohim with the tenacity of a sandspur the poor fellow wasin danger of dropping dead from horror when his friends overtook him and relieved him of his terrifying companion. When rescued he was as as the tra- ditional ghost; the perspiration rolled of his body in streams and he was 80 weak that he could searcely stand or speak. It took him some time to recover from his needless terror and it was many a day before he could calmly hear bis comrades refer to a “three-inch ‘gator scaring a green Englishman to death.” The wild hogs so common on the gulf coast of Florida have not yet migrated as far toward the intexior as Sawgrass lake, but some hunters hope they may soon find their way toward it in order to destroy the numerous snakes that make its borders a scene of horror. Mosquitoes fly in swarms. there during the rainy season and are so persistent in their at tacks that explorers are compelled to make their beds between two or more fires if they would get any sleep. These winged plagues, like the snakes and sauriaus, are in a state of hibernation during the winter and do not ap- pear in seriously annoying numbers until May or June. Sportsmen can therefore safely visit this region between December and April and revel in such venatic adventures as they never thought of in their wildest dreams. They must take guides with them, or they are likely to wander for days among the broad savannas, which seem to & vast monotonous level of grass and water or a jungle of cypress. GRAND CYPRESS TREES. The cypress trees alone are well worth a visit, as they are the largest in the state and compare favorably with some of the redwoods and spruces of the Pacific coast. Many of the giants are one mass of tillaudsia, or Spanish moss, and present a funereal aspect in their dense covering of grayish black. Air plants are very abundant throughout the region, owing to the humidity of the atmosphere, and several species of flora unknown further north are conspicuous objects in the forests. The large tracts adjoining the swamp are interest- ing to all students of nature, but no persons illextract as much delight from them as the lover of natural history and of the rod and gun. Another region which should prove exceed- ingly interesting to the disciples of Nimrod end Walton is New River inlet, in the extreme southern portion of Florida. This was a famous resort during the war for the deserters from both armies and those who fied from the con- federate conscription. Many a dark deed is associated with the name of the place, for beach combers and pirates made it their head- quarters during the early occupation of Florida by the United States, and they were not driven out of it until the civil war was over. ‘The inlet is famous for the vast quantities of fish and turtles which haunt it at all seasons of eva inptae caper Ape Le pl such species a8 the tarpon, sea devil or vam- EA barracuda, Spanish’ mackerel fanny, in and their sout congeners may captured at all stages of the tide. 't is one of the most noted for green turtles, large shoals found there during stormy weather, owing to the protection which it affords them and the th of its water. It was formerly s great rendezvous for pristine glory. ving after turtles was one of their favorite summer amusements and their rincipal means of filling their larder while were diving after the ni that shore and the of eli F li § % i. 3} i y ft i t E 4 i ! i af) i He Hl li iy this section will have little cause to complain of his luck, and while be might not secure as much fur as he would near Sawgrass lake. he can cap- ture the leviathans of the ocean until he gets weary of the arduous labor of bauling them aboard or ashore. ‘Tarpon are often as thick there as mullet are in Charlotte harbor or Tampa bay, and the huge vampire ray is as common as jewfish are elsewhere. Alligators are very abundant in the swamps of the inlet, and the Caban crocodile, whose presence in Florida bas so often been doubted by a certain class of Writers, is very common in its waters. This species of the saurian family may be readily ished from ite fresh water congener br length and sharpness of its snout, the projection of two teeth in the lower Jaw into two orifices in the upper. and the FASHIONS FoR Redfern's Latest Designs im Coats for oo Weather. Tt is amusing to find that Russian fashions ress age quickly following Russian fashions art and literature. American winters are #6 vere, and Redfern is making» Russian cod warm enough for sleighing in the eolded weather in rich autumn leaf tints. It ie really on the blouse order, with wetheticshaped sleeves. Below the puff, which reaches the elbow, is a tight sleeve, so thickly braided tha the material below is completely hidden. Ad the wrist is a close warm cuffiet of so! it fon golden beaver, which harmonizes well with the INTER. more lithe and active appearance of the body. | golden-brown “witheredjeaf” color of the 18 is aloo maritime in character, being rarely | cloth, The trimming at the throat will te jound far from the seacoast, and is a bold and wants ¢ Shsinn satanaer te tee cere, it | found uncommon in ite form, being one sided may frequently be seen passing fro lying islands ‘to the mainland, Yovages of discovery in the Being far more active, pign: than the alligator, hunters do not cate to assail it unless they have every advantage, yet speci- mens are captared alive occasionally by bar- pooning them in deep water. x ooo ES LONG AGO, making pen Atlantic cious and daring TABLE MA‘ Days When Poison Was Dreaded and Dishes Were Few. An instructive article upon table manners and customs a few centuries ago appeared re- cently in the Munich News. While the informa- tion is interesting, it certaiuly tends to make men of the present age content with their lot, and fills them with little envy of the comforts and enjoyments of the people of other days, “AM the dishes placed upon the table of Louis XIV,” says the jonrnal, “were tasted in the presence of the king before he himself would touch them. The lord-in-waiting was also obliged to rub the king’s napkin, knife. spoon and glass with a piece of bread, which he then ate under the eyes of his majesty. But even at court dinners the meals were not served as they are today. Each gnost was #up- lied with « spoon for the purpose of help- ing himself from the common dish. In simple families the members ate out of the same dish, without having the luxury of ® plate. ‘It frequently happened that in aristocratic circles ladies’ would help their neighbors with the spoons just taken from their mouthe. Men were often served with sauce in this way. Anne of Austria, the celebrated for ber beantifal hands, once gave a piece of meat to her neighbor, which she had just taken from the plate with nature's forks, ‘and allowed him, as.a special favor, to lick off | what remained on the hand. was a hygienic principle of thore days to | avoid the discussion of weighty matters at meal | time. For this reason the people attempted to | shorten the time by various expedients. In order to direct the thoughts of the guests to pleasant things, the French invented what th calied ‘entrements,’ dramatic representation Pantomimes, tableaus, &c., which were intr duced between the courses. As today, inte: esting guests who were able to enliven the company were always welcome. Certain sub- jects were considered expecially appropriate Yor discussion at the table. It was at dinner that Madame de Montespan, with whom Louis XIV was in love, once said: "While at the table we do not grow ol “In those days wines and liquids were not served as they are now. Until late in the six- teenth century it often happened thut one glass only was provided for an entire dinner com- pany. "It was considered good form to wash the lips with the napkin before touching the Blass, as it was also necessary for each guest to empty the glass when it came to his turn. A servant often held a plate under the chin of lady while she was drinking, in or- der to prevent the soiling of her dross. At @ Inter day the hosts began to furnish each guest with a glass. The custom of drink- ing to the health of people soon came in vogue. A frequent cause of quarrels was the failure to reply to such compliments. Young men drank the health of their inamoratas as often as there were letters in their respective names. But « Young man who was not in love need not be- ‘come embarrassed on this account, he simply drank to bis own name. “Women in those days drank as much wine asmen. The Marquise of Richelieu was able to dispose of astonishing quantities of the liquid. The Duchess of Bourbon set also good example to her daughters in this respect. Her daughters, however, were not as heavy drinkers as their mother. Madame de Monto- span was a friend of brandy. She was often able to drink noblemen under the table.” ics tai ase adie SHE HAS RESIGNED. Why the Mayoress of Kiowa Threw Up Her Job. From the Albany Journal. Readers may remember the story of the plucky mayoress of Kiowa, in Kansas, who was elected as s joke, and who turned the laugh the other way by closing all the saloons in accord- ance with the state law, and refusing to resign, even when asked to do soin @ petition signed by every man in town. A recent dispatch brings information that she has given up the fight and resigned. j She could stand the indignation of the men, even when the malcontents were headed by her own husband, but when the women went back on ber she weakened. | The conflict between material considerations | and moral ideas was more violent than usuaily | is the case. Itecems that Kiowa depends for | its business prosperity on the patronage of the ranchmen and cowboys of the surrounding country. When the *joints” were closed by order of the mayoress « boycott was instituted against the place, and the merctunts saw their | profits dwindie until ruin stared them in the Tace. The stare of ruin is an uncomfortable thing to face, and it is small wonder that the citizens of Kiowa felt uneasy. But when the | men were in open revolt the mayoress had «till | the aid and comfort of the Woman's Christian | ‘Temperance Union, and with this backing she felt that she was justified in continuing her | course though the heavens should fall. ‘When the fall styles appeared and the women, of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union | discovered that the money for the zefurnishing of their wardrobes was not contained, as usual, in the pocket books of their husbunds, theit ideas touching the sale of liquor and the majesty of the law underwent a change. They began to talk. What they said hasnot been re- corded in detail, but whatever it was it made the mayoress squirm in her chair of office and at last forced her to the unwilling conclusion that women have no business in office. She had appealed in vain to the lovers of law and order, to the Woman's Christian Temper- ance Union, and to the governor and uttorney general of the state. Single-handed she fought a gallant battle for right against might, and her glory should be no ray the less because she did “not win. What could be done she did. ‘The monotonous annals of Kiowa will be éllu- minated for all time by the administration of plucky Mayor Paxton. —_—_1oo——— A Young Tough. From the Detroit Free Press. A small boy on 6th street hates the washing Process worse than snakes hate liquor. His mother was scrubbing him and he was kicking. “Why don't you be good boy?” she begged. “Don't you know you'll go to the bad place if you are not?” “There ain'tany water there, is there?” be asked. “Nat a drop, | effective braided d the brading being braided girdle y tied around the waist, {the skirt portion. where er finishes the garment off t represe this week js of the usnal thre riers length, but hae of the Louis XV cut about it Parra ment of the sieeve is one of those which ie be- coming extremely fashionable, a velvet puff rather stiff and bigh th Ivnx far, canght up in the center with a cord ornam Lynx fur and waist from ti figure a becomi braiding taper towar shou thus giving skart of the coat. New York reveled in its noted hor Madison Square last Monday. Fa beauty were there in every conceivable kind of trap, on horseback and on foot. The four hwn- dred also sanctioned the affair with their pres: ence. The Indies who distinguished them- selves as riders won general admiration by their good appearances and trim habit. A good appearance and figure is never shown off to such advantage as when in the saddle. Con- tumes of a sporting displayed ex- tensively among th dfern bi specmli Not the ord nts as full of original fancy as such practical things can be. Ladies can keep them- selves warm and comfortable and thus con- tinue their outdoor riding all winter if prop- erly clad. A coat over the habit bodice is net recommended, as that looks clumsy, and a far cape restricts the arms, besides not being goed form, but a skin-tight chamois-skin bodice with sleeves worn under the habit bodice is eufficient 0 keep the rider thoroughly warm. Tights with the feet woven in them and boots of pre- mature calf should also be worn. Morrissey’s Gratitude. From the San Francisco Call. “Few people know,” said John K. Rickey @f Missouri yesterday at the Palace, “that Jobm Morrissey was a man in whom the finer feelings were very largely developed. He felt keenly the reproaches which were heaped upon bisa because of his having been a gambler and ® prize fighter, and he told me that when he was elected to Congress from New York city be ‘made up his mind to show to the world that te could rise above his antecedents. When be took his seat in the chamber of the House of Representatives he felt that he was looked upon coldly by his associates on the floor, but instend of attempting to resent it he maintaine creet silence and paid not the #l what was going on about Lim. On the second day of the session, he informed me, « tall, ately old gentleman walked up to bis desk, and, extending his hand, : Is this Me, 80 * “It is,” was the response. 3 ‘Then I must congratulate you, sir, upom = election, and Tam proud to welcome you ‘That old man,’ said Morrissey, in a broken voice, ‘was the famous Thad Stevens, and thas meeting was the proudest moment of my life.’ Mr. 0. P. Hare of Petersburg, Va. well known throughout the state, died yesterday. B.—'"My dear, how does it happen that those two handsome women are left all alone ta. B—“Well, they are strong Women's Rights women and said they did not care about ee CT ee