Evening Star Newspaper, September 19, 1891, Page 8

CHEROKEE CAPITAL.| A Week Among the Chickasaws, Choctaws and Creeks. HOW THE INDIANS FARM. ‘Fhe Capitol and University—A Call Upom the (Chiet—Big Plantations Owned by Half Breeds —The Cherokee Strip—What the In- diane Get From the Government. Bpecia: Correayondence of The Evening Star. Tauiegean, L T.. August 20, 1891. CROSSED TEXAS IN coming from Mexico to the Indian territory and again entered a foreign country. The five civil- ized tribes, who own the best part of this terri- tory, claim to be inde- pendent nations. They have a civilization, laws and government of | their own, and these Cherokees have their own parliament at Tahlequah and they elect their senate and house without regard to the United States. They have a president or chief, who Iselected by the vote of the people, and they settle ail civil matters in their own courts, the cases deing plead by their own lawyers and decided by Indian judges. They have their much of a figure n. aah fea town of perhaps 1,000 people and the state house fs in its center. "It is a big two-story brick building, which looks more like a conntry court house than hke a natio tol, aud it is located in a large park filled | wits t forest trees. Around this the | Streote extend out in every direction. They | are wide and unpaved, and they are lined | with such buildings will find ina town of 1,000 inbabitants in the United States. The Rhouses back of the main or business strects have big grounds, and some of them are eight and ter-room cottages. Only « few of the! ouses aro built of logs and the most of them | are of some fter the models furnished in books of suburban architecture. ‘THE caP:Tot. ‘tontains the legislative halls, the treasury de- partment. tho supreme court and the de ment of education. I visited it today, and I found the treasury much like country bank, consisting of a counter running acrors a ten bY twelve room. Iron bars ran from the front of the counter to the ceiling, and in the space be- pind there was « safe and an Indian, who talked me through a little hole over the center of the counter. The legislature was not in ses sion, but I took # look into the balls and called | upon Mr. Muys. who bas for two terms served | as the chief of the Cherokees. I found him in | Ble executive chamber on the second floor of carer Mars. He is a dig, broad-shouldered man.witha big head and an intelligent face, in which few signs of Indian blood are to be seer. with a short brown beard He was| ip citizen's clothes and his talk was in ish and as full of ideas as that of the average American Congresxman. He bas Deen supreme judge of the nation for Fe be bs very intelligent men. He a form not far off from Tablequah and tivates the soil after as scientific methods a which prevail on the estate of Uncle Rask in the garden of Wisconsin. Dur- talk with bim the question of the Cher- ‘strip came up and he told me that there | doubt but that this valuable piece of would eventual be sold, a he evi- | thought that the Indians ought to be ll it to the highest biddi FE it ie ‘West of the Osages and it is well watered and I have received a number of offers | valuable. for it since I have been chief, and « Kansas City firm would have given us $30,000,000 for it. ‘$20,000,000 and a ‘was €18,000,000. ‘We may bave tosell it to the United States, but if we do we ought to get a fair price for it.” CHEROREE Fanxs. ‘This strip has nothing to do with this part of the territory. The nation owns some of the finest lancis of the United States in the north- ‘eastern part of the Indian territory, and from stage rides which I bave taken through country I je that not more than one- th of it is cultivated. Still it all seems to be T rode from Muskogee, the biggest town of the Creek nation, to the Arkansas river, which we forded, and thence came on to Fort Gibson and by another stage down here to ‘Tablequab. Along the whole way the soil fertile. There were 't plains covered with Tuxarinnt grass the ride was more Tike one through a well-kept English than through «8 | aa half-settied In- | i reservation. It is the sume thronghont | these civilized nations. The Missouri. Kansas ‘and Texas railroad passes through four of them ‘and this is the best road for visiting the Indian territory. All along it. from Texas to Kansas, You see rich farms, fat cattle and there area number of very fair towns, the biggest of which | fis Muskogee, with its 2,500 people. You see also lagi stretches of unoccupied land. end these indian nations have curious regulations in re- gard to their lands. LAND REGT™. \trONS, Every Cherokee has the right to as much | Jand as be can use, and he +sn hold all the land | he fences in, provided he -cltivates it. He bas also the right to a quarter of a mile of land for | grazing outside the fences all a--und bis farm, | and some of these Indiwns have big estates. ‘The farms here range al. th: way from 160 acres to 16,000 acres, and many of the farms | are managed by white men who get in here by marrying Cherokee wives. There are about | 25,000 Cherokees. but the whites bave so mixed | with them that the full-blooded Indians have iy died out, and the Cherokee nation more white than Indian today. I am stop- Ping at s very fair hotel here aud an Indian see con more than a bale to the acre. however, are owned by white men or half- breeda, ‘and white inch are acquiring moro farming territory here every day. CHICKASAW LANES. Some of the best lands in the Indian terri- ‘The best farms, | tory are those of the Chickasawa and you find some of the largest farms among them. Frank Murray, a white man, married toa Chickasaw ‘woman. hax 16,000 acres under cultivation and ho keeps 5,000 head of cattle. He is said to be worth half a million of dollars and he adds to his lands every year. ‘Sam Paul, a half-breed Chickasaw, has §,000 neres under cultivation, and a white man named Rector, who married « Chickasaw girl, is farming 500 acres. Here among the Cherokees there is a half-breed named Starin, who has 3,000 acres, and there re many other farms much larger. The Chiek- w country is the only one which s been tions, and I don't think that there a good system of records among the oth tribes. Lands may be sold as far as thei improvements are concerned, but an Indit cannot sell his land to a white man. The Te: eattlemen look with envy on these rich plains nd they try all sorts of dodges to get ago inthe Creek country they 250,000 neres and they bailt 110 fence around this. “They had something like 10,000 head of cattle on this land and they rather detied the Indians. surveyed and divided into a is TWO CREER ors. ‘Tho Indians held a coancil and went along the fence and chopped off the posts close to the ground. They said: “We don't know about the wire; that may belong to the white men and we won't touch it, But as for these posts, they were ent from our forests and they belong to the Indians and we wil! cut them down.” result was that the Texans cattle out of the country. cattle are grezed in the te for Te. in the Creck country rany 10,000 to 60.009 acres. “they recei m8 pastures in. size from $1.50 a head, aud though the grazing of cattle in this way is against the law of the tribes, it is winked at and permitted to be done. Many of the ‘okees employ white men to work for them, and in the Ch Washita valley, there is a farm the owner of which is an Indiar ersare white. There is an Indian here who has a costly residence in the center of 1.000 acres of beatiful land, and among bis hands are some Cherokees ‘that get 316 a mouth. They could have farms of their own, but don’t seem to care to ta TRE cHocTAWs. Thad a talk with Gov. Smallwood, who was for along time chief of the Choctaws. I met him at the little town of Atoka and found him avery intelligent man. He tells me that the Choctaw nation has seventeen counties in it, and that it has its senate and house, just as the Cherokees have. Its governor gets # year asasalary and is elected fora two years. He has the same authority as one of the governors of our states, except that he cannot pardon. Gov. Small'sood says that there are about 18,000 Choctaws, ind that these be- lieve im the Christian religicn and are of all de- nominations except Catholic. The Choctaws live in log houses and plain cottages, and their people are steadily advancing in culture. There is no state in the Union that pays proportion- ately more toward education than the Choc- taws, and I find that the Cherokees bere have an excellent system of public schools. THE EDUCATIONAL FIGHT AMONG THE CHERO- KEES. One of the leading political issues here at Tablequah is the public school system. They have a big boys’ college and a female seminary, nd they have a system of public schools which extends throughout the country. ‘The revenue of the nation. however, ran behind and these schools have ail been shut up for a year on ac- count of there being no money to pay the teachers, and the question of this payment and the reorganization of the schools is one which the young Cherokee orators are now discussin, on the stump. The opposition to Chief Mays CHEROKEE UNIV! 3 re-election charges that it is due to his inefi- ciency and bad government that there has not been enough money to pay the teachers, and the friends of the chief show quite as plainly that the deficit rises from other causes. In the meantime the big seminary lies idle and the TY. university has no scholars. ¥ went through the seminary this afternoon. It has as fine accom- modations as any college in Ohio, and ft is run on the Mount Holyoke plan. the ‘girls keeping and I have not seen bib of disorder or ¢ law 01 fo ters which ts brought here ‘t# sm ed whites. Smith the other day an through the tet cowboys along tho. tobe travelin {none of the trains by wh returned. ve never @ more drunken. disreputable and disorder crowd. The men Wore wild with liquor, und red-faced co: with big hate on their heads jumped up and a yelling and crowing roosters and ing they could whip any blanked man in the car. There are stil inthe Indian territory and you And many of the Oreeks who Sccude ers sti: Cont) Sayin tatoce te octaws have also mia: - dian and negro blood, and the Chicbaoawe hed lig cotton Plantations before the war and hed many vwhich they 68. ‘THE ARISTOCRATS. ‘These Cherokees here are the proudest of all these Indian tribes, They are the aristocrats of the Five Nations. They seldom intermarry with the negroes,and they have separate schools for them. Pg are ‘Seve here run b; dress goods, and these women here do not oon- fine themselves by any means to calico. Such as I have seen wont as good clothes as you will fSiud worn by the women of any town of this size in the United States,and they dressin exactly the same way. Most of the famtlics of Tahlequah ha ‘ing machines, and nearly every house basa piano or orgau. Shey use cooking stoves and have exactly the same kind of koushold furniture that you will find in an American Village. The nien dress in the sume way and of the Cherokees ouly the fewest eling to their old habits, and there are noue, I think, but who Wear citizens’ clothcs. Sowe of the poorest Indians, aud these are generally full-blooded ones, live in log cabins, and these do nothing Lut fish and cuitivate a’ little ground for their own corn, ‘Those. Lunderstand, ave chiefly in the eastern part of the nation, where there is some mountainous couniry. TO UR SWALUOWED UP BY wiTES. The Indians themselves know that they must be eventually swalloweci up by the whites, and though they wili not confess this, they say that i come the government must pay the for their lands and allow each obe 6 feo ‘Yhe Indian territory as now only about 89,010 Indians. Still the untry is much bigger than New York and Massachusetts, and it 18 nearly the same size as Kausus. It would support « population of tive oF six millions and it contains the best lands in the United Btates. Thousands of settlers are Watching it and white men have settled here and there in it, evading the law in some way or other that keeps them out, to bo ready to tal advantage of tho situation ‘when the territory is opened to settlement. ‘There are thousands of men who are watching the Cherokee strip, and when it is paket it will be settled as quickly as was Oklahoma x few years ago. Erask G. Carpenter. ——— — +00 —--—_ Written for The Evening Star. A Summer Shower. Side by side they walked together Orer the meadaws, elds and heather, Heeding not the clouds above, As the merry birds are singing And the distaut bells are ringing their own rooms in order and doing part of the housework of the institution. ‘TRE INDIANS AND THE GOVERNMENT. It is claimed that the government has not treated the Cherokees fairly, and in the sale of the Cherokee strip Uncle Sam onght to give them what it is worth. Chief Bushyhead tells me that wher he wax at the head of the gov- ernment he was offered $3 un acro, cr more than $15,000,000, for it, but { suppose that the government will try and get it for §1.25 an acre. It has been so arranged now that the [n- dians get no revenue from it, and if Uncle Sam holds on long enough they will probably come to his terms. In 1866 the United States made & treaty with the Choctaws and Chicknsaws and thereby got large tract of land, for which 13 6,211,000. The Indians never got the money aud the whites have the land. At the same time there was a treaty made with the Creek Indians, which hang fire for years, and the five civil- ized tribes, if they bad their dacs, would re- ceive millions of dollers from the United States treasury. As it is they gotacertain amount yearly.” The Cherokees nave received $145,000 a year. ‘This is divided up per capita and the they agreed to puy the Indian: @ditor and an Indian physician, both graduates | Man who bos a dozen children gets ten portions of eastern epiversttics, sit down with me at Taute than the man who has two. Bpe table eer i i SErLE j £ § E P E and who is us intelligentasany white lis me that 1.400 white herokee girls within the that there are now 2,000 of the territory. Man: HL Hat j ry Ly Lf Ry ! # sign of Indian blood in them is Pie ste comparatively the led to Nequah with a little boy and bis Cherokce mother, and the woman told me she was going to the capital of the nation to get her govern- ment money. The Creeks get about 130,000 per annum, and ther pay £50,000 of this for keeping up their schools. They are now put- ting up three colleges and they haves very good educational system. Thad a long talk with the United States gov- | the ernment agent of the territory who pays ull this money and lives among the Creeks at Muskogee. He was just going out to make a payment to the Delaware Indians. and he sid that he bad another payment of $525 to make to each of them during the year. He spoke in high terms of the condition cf the civilized , and be told me that the Seminoles had fast completed @ school butiding aes is heated by steam and lighted by electric and which cost $145,000. These Indians eat $100,000 a year from the government. Osages are the richest of ail the Indians. They are just west of the Cherokees, and they receive 000 a year from Washington. Exch man, woman end child in the tribe geis somewhere between #150 and $200 a year, and these peo- richest people in the ord. The government owes them more than £7,000,000 and there are only about 1,300 of them living. this they have a reserva- tion which gives them about 1,000 acres of land apiece, and if they worked they might become G ¥ do not labor, however, and they are said to be fast dying out. Notes of gladness and of love. On his ips a question hovers, She her love with blushes cavers, ‘As they linger on the way; Fast his thrilling heart is beating, Fast the precious time ts Aeting, Faiuter grows the parting day. Fre the fateful words are spoken— Ere love's silence has been broken,— Which would join two hearts in one, Downward pours the threatened shower, Sprinkling ev'ry blade and flower, ‘And o’ercasts the setting sun, ‘So the words remain unspoken And love's silence ere unbroken, Leaving two hearts lone and free, ‘Thus has fate the potent power ‘Through a simple summer shower ‘So to change life's destiny. —CLIFFORD How arp. Washington, September, "91. oo gga ‘The Story Wants = Sequel. From the Brandon "Bucksaw. He had read his paper and didn't know what todo with himself, He bad been over the route so many times the scenery and railway stations on the line did not interest him, but the pretty girl with the musie roll and a natty tailor-made dress did. He caught « glint of her merry blue eyes as she looked up at him once in indifferent curiosity. Presently he took up his pa pretense of reading, softly whietl pretty as a picture.” ‘This me ‘ed a trifle uneasily, pressed her face against the window pane. sweet face at the window,” readily whistled the quick-witted tormentor. There was no mis- taking the personal allusion in the whistle, and the young lady moved as if to change her seat, but an ominous sileneo following this move, she settled down again to ponder and to dream. “Beautiful dreamer,” whistled the musical fiend with fine inflections, as dramatic ag 8 whistler can make them. “Cambridge, Cambridge.” sang out porter as the train slowed up at that station. “How can I bear to leave thee?” began the whistler, telling the cheerful fact that Cam- bridge was bis destination. The young Indy sat up with a more interested expression in her heretofore sphinx-like countenance. “Would I ne'er had met thee,” whistled the young man as he drew on his overcoat, striking into “Farewell forever” as he disa) . The train stopped. He passed inlow and caugiss a glimpse of a bouny face, radiant with smiles of Gi ec pea mischief. It was almost his undoing. He bad an impulse to spring into the train and go on indefaitely— but already the train was whizzing past, so with a farewell wave of bis hand be jogged along, whistling “Her bright smile Launte me still.” ——— Dining With Doctors. From the San Francisco News Latter, After all there Se nothing more delightfal than professional enthusiasm. And one never knows how high the current of this sentiment runs until he, asa layman, has been associated but for afew hours with those who belong to any of those guilds named tho learned profes sions, Here is an experience: A room in # restaurant—present flvo dottors and ome lay- man. Doctors greet one another cordially and Iny aside their pocket cases as being in- convenient during thedinner process. Oysters on tho table. Senior doctor, smiling blandly upon his associates, opens the ball. “Yesterday I hud'a most dificult tion to perform (I thauk you for the limes); cancer, you know, and one of long standing (sherry, please). I dissected the lomen most care- jully, and discovered seat of tho disense (trouble you for the bread). My assistant was uite nervous and when the patient groaned slightly (sauterne, thanks) quivered, and I feared that I should Mave to summen some- body else to assist me in the: ope: got pepper, thanks). Here the dectoron tho right, who has been wanting to getin his oar, cunningly snakes away ‘anecdote of the party of the firet ta and begins building on his owa foun toa: “By the way, at hospital we ® most curious case (peas, well yes, a few). He was unconscious when “he came ‘there, and I feared that the shdck of the [ne would be too much for him (you may i my glass; Ilike dry champagne). But we Went at him, anyhow, and after dressing the a = — (yes, I = take some ) that he wag (not quite en: vine- ar) dead as door tale" Sere ts somnethiog utiful about the i discussion of its most revolting details never interfores with the appetite of ite members. SG ae, ITS CERTAIN DEATH. nywien’ ars |The Danger in Manufecturing Ex- plosives. HOW DYNAMITEIS MADE ‘The Digterence Between Nitro-Giyeerine and Dynamite—An Sateresting Visit te » Nitro Factory—Well Paid Werkmen and Their ‘Work—Shipping Giant Powder. ———_—— THE ORDINARY PERSON DYNAMITE is a aubstance to be severely let alone, yet with its now very extensive uso some knowl- edge of ite characteristics is a:lvisable. Far more powerful and also much safer to handle it is rapidly superced- plosive for most uses, Many people regard nitro-glycerine and dyaa- mite asone and the same thiug, and toa cer- tain extent they are correct. Dynamite is ni- tro-glycerine mixed with an absorbent, which somewhat reduces the explosive power and greatly reducea the dangor of handling. Nitro- glycerine is far too powerful an explosive for ordinary use and is under any cireumstances an extremely daugerous commodity to handle. The inventor of dynamite is at the present time connected with @ large powder company, |, unlike many inventors, bas lived to see his invention in extensive uso and to realize a handsome income from its wile. Me is one of a comparatively small number ef men who man- ufxetare dynamite and control the dynamite market. The risky arsumed are enormous aud the profits correspondiagly large. The small number of factorivs and their necessary isola- tion prevent the gencral public from knowing much about either the scope of the business oF the process of muanufucture. An occdsional Newspaper accoant of the blowing up of « dy- nemite tuilland the annihilation of ite work- Men eansox the public to wonder way men will be so foolish as to make dynamite, but gives no suggestion of the needs of the explosive or the inducements which tempt men to make it. ‘The neighborhood of a nitro-glycerine fao- tory does not have « high reputation asa sum- mer resort. Even the sight-secing tourist usually draws the line at powder mills, prefer- ving to visit some less hazardous industry. Novertheloss, a representative of Tae SzaK, in Aspirit of welf-snerifice and temporary insnnity, decided to use the opportunity offered by an geqnaintance in the business, and visited a “nitro factory.” A VISIT To A NITRO PACTORY. Acting quickly, leat his enthusiasm should cool, he boarded an electric car in a certain city nota thousand miles from Lake Erie and was quickly carried to its suburbs, and was there directed to walk two miles along a coun- try road, where he “would flud either the pow- der mill or the place where it had been.” The road proved to be muddy, rough and billy— Just the kind of a road to dampen the ench asm of an ambitious and lonely powder mill visitor. ‘The last half mile was traveled much more slowly than any pre: However, the sight of an innocent-looking brick house with a small office building in the rear tended to an increaso of confidence, and on calling at the latter place the decided refusal of the superintendent to allow any itors about the works was posi- tively exhilarating. A short conversation, however, unexpectedly induced the official to reverse his decision and call a subordinate to act a guide. “Show the gentleman throngh the works,” was the order given, and the sensations of e: tions fell to a minus quantity. 7 seemed not to notice this tact or the q knees which accompanicd it, so his visitor usations such as might be experienced by momentary expectations of an earthquake. To decrease the liability of an explosion and to reduce possible loss to a minimum the differ- ent proceasesare conducted in separate isolated buildings several hundred feet apart. Every n which human foresight or ingenuity can suggest is taken to guard against accident et accidents will occur even in the best regu- ted dynamite factories. “Powder" is the name by which dynamite is ordinarily mentioned among makers and users A dynamite factory ‘powder mill” and its owner a “powder company.” Possibly this may be explained by the theory that the gen- eral public is less liable to be frightened by powder” than “dynamite,” or the custom riven from the fact that when dy- first introduced it was called giant HOW NITRO-GLYCERINE. 18 MADE. The ingredients of nitro-glycerine are simply common glycerine and a mixture of nitric and sulphuric acids. None of the ingredients by themselves are especially hazardous to handle. ‘The danger li the mixing of the ingredients and the bai ing of the product. ‘The glyce- rine acd the mixed acids are brought to the factory in iron harrel-shaped receptacles called drums. The first process is the mixing, which is done exclusively by one man. ‘The acide poured into a covered tub-shaped receptacle calied a nitrator, and while stirred by ma- chivery a smal! stream of glycerine runsin from faucet. ‘The nitrator and contents are mean- while kept cool by a surrounding coil of pipes containing ice water. When thoroughly mixed the liquid resembles buttermilk in appearance, and is then run through troughs into a vat be- low. Here it is mixed with water and “washed.” The excess acid is thus separated from the nitro-glycerine, which settles to. the bottom and is drawn off into tanks A few quarts of this liquid would blow yp a whole city square, for it ig the genuine “nitro,” and looks whisky. REMOVING THE EXPLOSIVE. _ While looking gingerly at the tanks of con- centrated earthquake a young man entered trundling a vehicle resembling a fruit-vender's cart, apon which were suspended sheet-iron buckets bolding about three gallons each. ‘These he ly filled with tho explosive by means of faucets in the tanks and rehung them on the cart, which he thon pushed along 4 smooth board walk to the dynamite buildi All this was done with the nonchalance of man handling sweet cider. One of the buckets, however, he did not immediately r upon the cart after filling, but set it upon the floor with a bang, which caused one person present to show symptoms of a paralytic shogk and to visibly edge toward the door. The coolness of all the workmen is surpris- ing until it ia remembered that the presence of constant danger inures mer to ite perils. Here cach man risks not only his own liability to make a mistake, but that of his fellow work- man. The presence of large quantities of nitro- lycerine is in itself an intensely bezardous (ag. The workmen apparently couscle theme selves with the thought that it would be no more fatal to be blown up by a barrel of nitro- glycerine than by a pound. ‘Tho secret of suc- cous in explosive making lies in, the fact that money will hiro men to do anything, The ex- perts, tho salesmen and the men who handlo the goods all receive big pay, while the un- skilled help probably earn more money than they could by any other work. MAKING DzNaMITE. ‘The dynamite building is also in charge of a specialist. ‘These exports, walking silently among the appuratus, mixing chemicals>and materials in a cool, doliborate way and scarce! noticing tho presence of visitors, aro, sugi {ve of charactors in Baron Munchausou or Stral- liver's Travels.” They bave boen at work in the business for years, and presumably know how not to be blown up. g food pulp, the material use} us the absorb- ent of nitro-glycorine, looks like sawdust fine as flour. Sodium nitrate isalso mixed with the wood pulp in order to counteract tho effeet of excess acid in tho nitro-glycerino, Both are sifted before using to guard against the ence of grit or other foreign matter, which might cause yw wooden receptacle about ine a five fect in diameter, shaped like an immcnse in hers rece] in a: saucer with a center. tacle two large wooden wheels travel with a motion such as the front wheels 2 The | couch would make if the axic were made to revolve continuously about the ki * THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C. SATURDAY, SFPTEMBER 19, 1891—SIXTEEN PAGES. ¢ excellent cotton fields, and thoy raise | the tomowhere,” in a tone from which it might be inferred that the building | it ‘been Further questioning | devel the fact the nitrator was e to be eaten rough id in such “saplecioa imminent it came. Thi greg echt ve the alarm ‘in season rs the workmen Favored till aguinet @ recurrence om- red with most dynamite factories few acci- Bente bave occurred st these works. It is stated that at one time business was started by arival firm and continued four yeare, when baving had cm explosion every year the con- cern suspended. MARING CanrRIDGES. Dynamite looks like greasy sawdust. For Convenicnce in handling it is done up in brown Paper tubes, which vary from three-quarters of an inch to twice that in diamotr and re- sembiing Roman candles in size and shape. Theve tubes are marked with the name of the maker and the percentage of nitro-glycerine contained, and are then ipped in melted par- adine, which tends to make them sir aud water Proot, ‘The men who do the filling stand wt loug benches. In front of each workman is a heap of dynninite and a pile of tubes or hold- ers. Each tube is closod at one end. The workman inserte a tunnel in the open end, fills tho tuanel with dynamite and rams it into the holder with a woodcn rod. When the paper is tightly packed he folds down the end, throws the finished “cartridge” upon a pile of others and continucs the process, working ali the time with greatrapidity. ‘The rainming process looks dangerous to the visitor, but he in assured that there is no danger. if, how- ever, a cartridge acciicntally goey flying to the floor he wishes it hadn't. PACKING DYNAMITE. The cartridges are now rémoved to another building where they are packed for shipment. Asin the preceding process, this work is done by young men and full-grown boys, highly skilled labor not being necessary. About fifty pounds of cartridges are packed between lay of sawdust in wooden Loxes, the covers bei screwed on, After marking the boxes ready for shipment, TRANSPORTATION OF EXPLOSIVES. Only an anarchist would ship nitro-glycerine by rail, and dynamite is probably never trans- ported by express. Most railroads are willing to carry dynamite, though an occasional road refuses to receive it at any price. Perhaps ten car leads was the largest single shipment ever ‘this wae by no means ail carried on ono train. One car toa train was sent until the whole shipment was madc. With every other car a man was sent who kept that and the preceding ear from being wise del: Losses in For years this concern has lost but one car Jond, and that caught fireand burned without ex- ploding. Whenever possible shipments Water. Vesrel owners aro usually 4 quantity of dynamite on top of certain car- joes, stich a6 coal. o even to carry a cargo of lynamite exclusively. As many as fifty tons on ® single vessel b m thus transported, Hela mine as many as nds of dynamite are used ina sin- Their shipments are mostiy re- d_as they are not 's supply in the fall. It is stored in a maga- zine in an unfrequented locality and removed in small quantities as needed. DYNAMITE WILL BURN WITHOUT EXPLODING. At wholesale dynamite sells for about 20 conts per pound, and at retail for about twice that amount. Salesmen sometimes touch a match to ® spoonful of dynamite in order to onstrate that it will burn without exploding, but the. prospective purchaser is apt to regret the experiment, for the resulting odor is con- siderably less balmy t of aged eggs. Dynamite pl board and hamniered laced on with a mallet will not explode, but it is donbt- ful if the same would be truo if it were laid on an anviland struck with a hammer. Concussion ia necessary to cause an explosion, and is pro- duced by means of a fuse and @ cap containing fulminating mercur} Blasting in mines, clearing land of stumps and rocks and removing debris are among the important uses of dynamite. To be effective it does not need to be buried deep, and if cov- ered with mud or even water its whole force in exercised. Dynamite freezes at 42 degrees Fahrenheit and is then harmless. In cold weather workmen frequently carry it inside their clothing te keep it warm. If a consider- able quantity is to be used a small boiler con taining bot water is provided, into which the cartridges are immersed and warmed os nee: AN INVOLUNTARY ACIENTIST. It used tobe thought that nitro-glycerine ‘was most dangerous when frozen until, at the time of the building of Hoosac t upset a sleigh load of the explosive and thereby unintentionally demonstrated that frozen nitro- glycerine would not explode. Nitro-glycerine is used chiefly for sinking oil wells and making torpedoes. It is transported by means of wagons containing padded com- partments in which are hung cans or jugs filled with the explosive. The driver of a nitro wagon is sure to be a retiring fellow, alover of nature, seeking sequestered paths id avoiding cities and traveled highways. His agon is not labeled with the owner's name nor joes he notify passers-by of its contents. Nevertheless he keeps a sharp lookout that no one meddles with his load. The use of nitro- glycerine ws attended with great riske and men who handle it command big pay. cor A Lord Mayor's Dilemma, From the Ilustrated American. While dining at the Constitutional Club in Bradford, up in Yorkshire, I was told a good story about the present mayor of that bustling city of spindles. It appears that » mayor is clected annually by the common council from their own num- ber, and as the maror gets no salary and has to spend about $25,000 per annum to keep up the ignity of the office, only rich and influential citizens can get the ‘position. It is customary for the mayor the day after his election to wke his scat on the bench as magistrate, aud it is a matter of long-cstablished precedent that he shall discharge the first prisoner brongat be- fore him. They — t for the ret ease some one charged with a ‘slight offense, gener- ally a “simple drunk.” In the case of the present mayor, however, he felt some delicacy about discharging a “drunk” the first “go off,” having made his own fortune by the sale of in-} toxicating beverages and being rather afraid the papers would ridicule him if be seemed to consider drunkenness a simple offense to be let off with only # reprimand. He instructed the chief of police to be very careful in arra: the \ocket so that the first case should slight offender, but nota “drunk.” ‘The oft carefully went over tho list and, passing over all the drunks and serious casca, ‘picked out as the first culprit a man ecused of using profane Janguage in the public streets, which scemed a case which the mayor could discharge without causing public and adverse, comment. | The oner having been arraigned the mayor Keoked very severe ‘nd inguirod the nature of the language used. Ho was told. “This is a very serious charge!” thundered the mayor. “What do you moas, ‘sir, by uaing such language? What excuse do’ you offer. sir?” “May it your honor,” pipes, up, the prisoner, falteringly, “I was drank at the time wad dida't know win: I was about.” ‘hero was a tableaa. prisoner was dis- charged amid the audible smiles of the asvo- ciate judges and the spectators, all of whom knew of the mayor's anxiety to avoid the very thing that was thrast upon him. Some Scotch Weddiog Superstitions ‘Hawick Letter in the Boston Transcript. In the matter of courtships and weddings Soottish people proserve an extraordinary number of peculiar customs and fancifal ga- perstitions. It is deomed uulucky to alter the first width of an engagement ring. Many trothe have been broken as a result. The giving of brooches and pias by lovers is full of ill conso- | clothing was “DADDY.” WRITTEN BXCLUSIVELY FOR THR EVERING bunds over the little gate, city sounds wore met by pastoral sile: Inside the neat old-fashioned picket Were antique garden flowere—prim rows Orange-colored marigolds, gay phlox in array, morning glories trained: upon white twine into circular canopies, coxcombs preening themselves in the sun, sweet pease atilt like bright-winged 6irds about to fly; balsam apples, too, with their frail satiny flower fruit, and poppics striving to outshine their sister hoilyhocks, In the rear there were straight lines ef corn and beans, pease and prosaic potatoes, whose only extravagance was the tiny white and yel- low blossom, half hidden in dark green leaves. Here and there a sunflower raised nis brazen shield above the vegetables, as if to protect from the too smiting rays of Sol. It was nothing but a country garden, kept with infinite care; but it was in the center of = city where land was valued as gold. Many 8 merchant upon ‘change remarked in passing: “That old fellow has a fortune buried under his turnip patch.” And, indeed, several am- bitious dealers in real estate had made over tures, which were promptly spurned by the owner of the garden. His tall, angular figure could be seen in the early morning as he Patiently worked with hoe or trowel, and late at night he plied the sprinkling can. Hie spotless as bis garden was wi out weeda. Every morning Mandy” washed aud ironed the long linen ulster which be wore in his jaunts about town, His cuffs were snowy ay the white, silken hollybocks, although the linen was coarse, and bis boots shone like e oblong purple gourds yy luxariant vine above the door at ‘the little ourn ain't home. tter give i “Mandy, these here larkspurs o° doin’ very’ well. Do you reckon I | ‘em some more o’ that rich dirt from outen the alle Mandy came to the door with a dish towel over her arm, a spare girl of fourteen, with great ex; taut eyes. “Mandy, that there man what was bere yes. terday, he wanted to buy ua out. Offered— well it don't matter how many dollars a foot— only I'm glad the land is gninin’ in value against the time Dan'leomes, an’ I kin give ‘im his own. Youan’ Dan'l—I bope you an’ Dau'l li tak’ a likin’ to one another, and then mebbe you kin build a big elegant house on part o' the land with what the rest of it brings, and ride in kerridges and have good close." she only smiled, for it, was a subject upon which the old man loved to dwell. “ She bad heard about “Dan'l” ever since she could remember and he bad grown to be @ part of the romance ot uth. ~Dan'l” way her ideal knight, “without fear and without reproach.” Hie had gone away somewhere—she never knew just where—long before her advent. Daddy never liked to talk about his but about his coming he would wander on for urs. Indeed, it was the whole sum of the old man's life—this hoping and planning for bis son's re- urn. Mandy was a meek child, and when shefound her old friend reluctant to talk upon any sub- ject ceased from questioning. Then, too,Daddy could be very deaf when be did not wish to answer. Mandy was ignorant of even her own ante- sre ither thought it of \dy either no or wished that she should net thal epiaaet “Daddy. wou't you get some meat today?” the girl asked,as the old man drew on his linen ulster preparatory to his daily trip dowa into e city. io, no, Mandy! Can't afford it. Wait till Dan’ comes and we'll have meat every day— mebbe twice.” sands and thousands, for Daddy to pretty near starve himself—but then he's waiting tili Dan'l comes,” and a dreamy look came into her eyes. One day when things were going on in their usual prosaic way—"Dan'l” came. Mandy's knight did not appear accoutered in steel mail, upon a steed of milky whiteness. Perbaps her mild fancy had scarcely pic- tured him thus. ‘There was uo unusual stir even the [zllow butterflies which frequented the garden, ‘n apparently of the sun-toned equash-vine blossom. Daddy thought it was another real estate dealer after his place when the stranger came up the little Lard earth path to the front door. Perbape it was the suddenness of it, or per- haps, after all, there are few ideals that can en- dure the perfection of fulfillment. Daddy's greeting to his prodigal son seemed strained. The fine raiment, the fashionable cane, the tall, shining bat, the glisten of diamonds here and there—these did not belong to the “Dan'I” for whose coming Daddy had waited, in whose cause he had endured privation and toil. Mandy never knew how it all came about, but their old life ended that day. The only knowledge of the affair which fl- tered into her consciousness was the fact that she and Daddy must part. ‘She had not dreamed of such # possibility. As well anticipate that the world would end any day when the sun sank behind the tall spire of Bt Martha'a fore Daddy gave roperty over to Dan's” managomeut he insted that Mandy should have, for her own, a little n spot just outside the city limits, since the old place must go for building lots, Here, with the companionship of an ald woman who tae} been neighborly in r days, Mandy li much at of old, save thet Daddy was gone, aud that the romance fer which her life had formed itself was uo longer possible. And Daddy? A wilver-haired old man, bearing the digni title of “father.” oceupied a plice in the ele- gant household of Mr. D. Irving Cutter, the ich banker. Clad in broadcloth of faultless cut, Daddy occupied his corner in silence, fearing to take part im conversation where his grammar would have been w of a former generation, Daddy seemed an unreality to himsesit. In his luxuriously appointed room, whose only comfort tv him lay in tho flowers’ woven into the velvet of the carpet, and the glimpse, through the French plate window, of the spire of St. Martha's, darkly etched against the sky, the old man wonld sit for hours ing, per- baps, upon the mystery of hopes, whose ripe fruit was bitterness. Genuine happiness seemed his only when Visiting Mandy's little home. He wouid eagerly don the biue which bung ever ready bebind the OPI blue of the ‘la yar os bel of lasting imendship; in four o’clocks saw, 11 may be, a flowery simile of his own slavery, aud peembly—who knuws— memories of an early love awakened when he tenderly touched the clustering heuct’s-ease. Or it may have been the vegetables that spoke @ homely Janguage of their Whatever sentiment stirred him, the old man ped the leach Sf conrentionalty Here he convent , Mere neither grammar nor rhetoric was necded. But one evil day Mra. D. Irving Cutter, driv- in ber breegioon bi to tion, the futher or $F jit = i i it Hie i i Hi st i i i i i A faint pink drifted into Mandy's cheeks, but | t Tm consideration of the large number of chest players resident in Washington and vicinity Evexro Stam has decided to publish » columa beginning with the present As ts designed especially interest of the chess enthusiasts in this | Baitor, Evexro Stan.” | ‘The Washington Chess Club meets ever: etening. Visitors always welcome. 1213 street. PROBLEM oO. 1. By “‘Coverpoint.” Washinton, D.C. Composed for The Star. BLACK. WHITE. Q “Rat Q4; Keeat Ktand te to play Sid wate fa two oy OANE 1, Played 0 et aby correspondence between Princeton and Diack Lane. Kat Qu; Peat KK, KKtGand KS. | 4 | Should Know. From the Philedeiphis Record. To properly drive che light harness horse, as he ig known all over the world, “the Amer! can trotter,” there are four thinge which are ‘essential for the driver to know, aad which not 10 per cent of tho drivers of the proront és know, viz: First, bow to harness: the borse; second, how to hitch him to the wagon; third, how to sit to bool ride comfortably, and, fourth, bow to bold the lines. Of those who are master of the situs- tion, know a fast trotting borse and bow te handle him, the Russians come nearer to it than those of to educate and train the Orloff horse they would have to take a back #eat, as Engiand had te do with the thoroughbred The harness most he kept clean, which will freatly remo danger of cha‘ing, and par- ticularly the saddie. which, if properly eared rand the Back of the horse well washed with ‘an, cold water when it is removed, there will be no danger of soreness there. The bridle te the hardest part to be made to fit nicely, and when that hed one great and often fatal mistake is very often mace of drawing the It crosses the windpipe se moves along he drops bis he throat, and, finally Leave throat lat choking completely, staggers and falls wap loose enough for you to the «ti | between at and 7 Th will be no danger je tie coming off, as the @raught 1s [alors backward on it from the ebeck and ives and the bit and brow band prevent it from coming back over the head. If you de- sire to stop and cimal to ® post and be is inclined to rub his bridle of it is little | trouble to draw ap the buckle a hole or two, lotting it ont again when starting. ‘The breast collar. also, should not be drawn up too high, as that will likewise affect the breathing. Es it come up just to the lower point of the neck and have the hip straps of a len th that will ring the breeching about on a line with it. ‘The thill loops should also be on abont the same line. In hitching to the wagon another serious mis- take is often made with the breeching. How many times you will see a driver trying to get « hittle epeed out of his horse that 1s obliged to go. hitching and hobbling along, «impiy because a 15 (check) a3 ie FE Fite # kat geek? ‘The books give KR_K as beet. 22. P-oRs. a. PRs ; He mes ace te be unsound : does not: ‘advantagetn position te counterbalance material 17. QxP. WHITE—PRINCETON—TO PLAY. Lehigh appears to bave the best of it, as white cannot save ibe Knight without losing the gume immediately. cures xEwe. Its pleasant to note that the much-talked-of match between Steinits and Techigorin for the championship of the world is at last a settled The match will be played in Havana and will begin in December. Mr. Steinits is an first American since the great Morphy to championship of the world, and has a reeord that Morphy himeelf might be proud of. But Techigorin (champion mean antagonist and plays with adash and vigor that will require all Steinitz’s depth and aceurecy to combat it. Tt will be the test contest since the famone meeting of Morphy and Anderssen, and will undoubtedly give to the literature of the Score waseren up to the begin weel Another divan tournament will 4 _ L shortly begin Biackburne, Gunsburg, Lasker, Lee, Gossip, Jasnogrodshy, Mortimer. Muller, Van Vliet and y are expected to compete. ‘says the New York Sun, take the greatest interest in the marvelous exhibi- in the phenomenally wonderful time of 1 minute 6 4-5 seconds. As there is a possibility that Zimmer- ‘man may best this time before the month runs out the interest is at white heat. Ono feature of ie tied up so tight that he cai spread hum- self. When standing and the traces are «traight ened there should be about reo enough fora small boy to crawl throngh between the horse pnd breeching strap. “He will then carry you further and faster and do it with less effort, re being nothing to fret him. In taking your seat in the wagon do not try to lie down, like a lady but sit erect, allowing the «mall of sfeinet the cushion, and bend trifle forward. Place the fect ont against the rest and do not crawl under the sent, causing the hnees to come im contact with the chin. Wrap the lap robe neatly about you and see that no part of it is hanging out of the wagon. When the lines are taut have the hands ont to carry the elbow about three inches from the body, not up under your chin, where you could not’ shorten your old instantly, neither have them extended at arms’ length, as, should your lorse take a little hold, you cannot pull’ as hard or as long. R in this manner, your horse is comforta- bie, you are ready for any emergency and com- fortable yourself, besides making ® good ap- pearance, which ‘should be taken inte conse ‘eration in this as well as in other things. is one rule which, if followed, will always be successful, and, -~ it is old, will do to repeat here. ‘It is called “Ihe Horve's Prayer: “Up hill burry me not, Down bill worry ine Bot, ‘On the level spare wwe not, And in the barn forget ime not.” But the skill in driving « single trotter is nothing compared with driving and one can almost count the artistic team drivers on his fingers. Dan Moore was acknowledged the crack professional when alive, but among gen- tlemen who only drove for pleasure W H. Vanderbilt was, without a doubt, the best, and, although he was classed as an amateur, there were few professionals who could equal him. Atthe present day his performance, driving Maud S. and Aldine a full mile in 2.15%] to a top wagon, is considered the best by horee- men. John Shepherd, the Boston merchant, also showed himself an’ artist bebind his creck team, Mill Boy and Blondiue. ‘The best double- team driver of the present day us C. J. Hamlin of Buffalo. Last season, when in bis seventy- seventh » be drove Belle Hamlin and Justina a mile in 2.13", All these wonderful feats require besides « perfect m a perfectly matched team, joult part of the contract. A perfect team, above all things, must be mouthed alike; they must take hold of the bis | as one; they must take kindly to each othe: and if they do this and are not guited alike wi in a short time come to cach other. Their dis- positions must be to outdo each other or you can never have a fast teain. i A Society Girl's Requirements. From the New York Tribune. | “How much does a girl in society require te | dress upon?” A gentleman with a large in- come, but with no end of calls upon it, would like this question answered on liberal but by no means an extravagant scale. He matarally wishes bis daughter to be well and ereditably dressed and he also naturally deprecates ex- travaganceand want of management. We have asked opinions from a good many persons who are supposed toknow and we find thet @600 ought to “turn out” «girl reasonably well, Ofcourse this would not go far if she buys thirty-dollar hats and two-hundred-dollar gowns, &c., but with careful handling it may be adequate. Ofcourse any number of girls spend My a four times that amount and even more. that the world teaches. Another young woman, who is not at all frivolous but who dresses remarkably well, and who rides on the crest of the fashiousble wave in New York and Newport, tells us that @1,200 covers allher personal expenses. “But i do not buy many thiagsat very grand . she continues. “Jackets I always of the very best, and one or two gowns from the swellest houses; but the rest of my dresses are made by a seamstress at home, and I generally make most of my own hate, buying one or two really good ones as models.” As nce ‘meets the requirements of an intelligent girl in society, who goes out winter and summer and is “never out of the swim,” it may well_be taken as a standard for that sort of thing. For a girl who only goes ont moderately €600 ebonld be ample. But woe should cite the instance of ‘one pretty maiden who only has #300 year to buy all ber beiougings. and who, nevertheless, always looks as fresh asa daisy und just as de lightfully simple. &