Evening Star Newspaper, September 12, 1891, Page 9

A KING’S ISLAND HOME. IN THE NORTHWEST. Following the Improvement in the Architecture of the Natives. SOME HOUSES IN ALASKA. | Houses of Snow and Ice—Securing Heat and Light—Winter Villages on the Coast—The ‘Totem British Colambia—Temporary Houses for Summer. north and coming down the coast of Alaska the architecture keeps on im- proving unti! it reaches its culmination among the coust Indians of southern Alaska and Brit- ist Colmbia. skimo often builds a house of ice and snow, cutting blocks of frozen snow and laying them one on the other. Th are first ar- ranged in a circle; then other blocks are added, each layer projecting a little beyond the other on the inside, till nothing is left but a small hole in the top. Then a tunuel-like passage to the outer air is made and the house is com- plete. CURING HEAT AND LIOUT. The Eskimo has an original way of getting nd light for his house. His stove and bove which he a string. I pends @ piece of the dish is a wick, t and pyrites, | j t A sSow HOUSE. This simple contrivance does not furnish a very great heat, but as the native is used to it he gets along ‘pretty well. The denizens of Point Barrow can stand a temperatare of fifty degrees without any clothes on. MADE FROM DRIFTWooD. Another kind of habitation for winter use in the far north is made from driftwood. This sort of house is erected without much regard to proportion or effect. Arnie framework is made by simply z the pieces of wood so rm room with a bole in its top for the ing-ess ant the egress of smoke. The outside is sometimes banked with earth to stop up the cracks. A sort of open-air store house is often put up, consisting of a platform on which the provisions and general effects of the family are kept The Eskimos often build hnts of bones and whatever drift they can get and cover the entire outside with earth, making a house which is in general appearance like a moun THE NORTAWEST coast. From asfar north as Mt. St. Elias to Puget sound, in the state of W: n, there is a continuous archipelago. along this extent of coust are the Cascade mountains, witie divide off a strip of Jong and 150 miles wic ted “the northwest xh the tortuous ch J is the steame in wild and and scene Winding nels of this ack to Sitka of this This is due to Asiatic ew: a large nnual rainfall. It is said that the me gual temperature is about that of the Dis of Columbia. This area is a thick! ict woode one, pine, fir, spruce and hemlock abounding. The soil is fertile, the forests well stocked with ! This game and the waters full of food tis abundauce of nature gifts is reflected character of the people inhabiting it, m whom bare made considersbie pr rious arts, being workers in metal. bone, and other substances, but por excellence in | wood. ‘The Indians of the nort! ‘Tlingit, Haida Wakashaw and Bilguls, besides the 5 Coast Salish. The northern Indians, especialiy the Hatcas, are the greatest carvers in wood, slate, horn. &c. Seattered th: nghout this country are the win- ter villages of coast Indians. These villages are always locate:i near the shore and generally near a sloping beach, which admits of readily baaling up the canoes at bigh water. The ca- noe is their only means of transportatior She Knew How It Was Herself. From the New York Weekly. j &e.. The houses aro usuglly built in a single row facing the beach and far enough back from it to leave room for a street, where fish are dried and cauces repaired. Sometimes, where the space is limited, the houses are built in two Tows with a narrowstreet between. At one end of the village is situated the graveyard with a variety of sepulchres and mortuary columns all ent out of wood, and the columns often elaborately carved.” Wood is the material mostly used in construction. ‘The interiors of the houses vary according to location and the wealth of tke owner. A quite THE WINTER VILLAGES. general practice is to excavate the inside of the house so.as to form two ledges or steps, one above the other, and extending completely around it, the higher one next to the walls. ges are covered with slabs made of ‘The lower one is used for lounging and ing on, while the upper one serves as a de- jory for the family's effects. ‘THE CUSTOMARY TOTEM. In front of each house is generally to be seen ‘oue or more carved columns. Occasionally can be seen a very tall one. Thisisa totem. None but the wealthy can afford to erect these and @e owner of one is, as the head of his house- hold. n petty chief in his village, and conse- tly a person of importance. ' In general columns are genealogical and illustrate © descent or traditions of a family. They are in no scuse idols, a8 many persons suppose who see the specimens of these columns in the U.S. Natioual Museum. There are generally platforms either attached to the houses or across the roadway toward the In the latter ease they are supported by poles if there is a bank next to the . Upon these platforms in good weather the nati guther for social intercourse and to gamble. INVETERATE GAMBLERS. The Haidas, Tsimshian and Tlingit are in- veterate gamblers. During the winter leisure or whenever they get together in any consid- erable numbers gambling is the invariable and constant amusement. They keep it up for several days at a time. The plavers sit about the platform, in the center of which is spread a mat. Each man has a bag of painted or about five inches long by half an meter. One of the players selects ‘eral of these pins from bis bag and covers twem up ina pile of ainely cut bark tow. The ame is either odd or even, or to guess in “hich of two piles a particular stick is hidden. Many of these Indians are *addicted to over- indulgence in liquor, and the kind they get is not of particularly good quality. ‘THE KWAKIUTL INDIANS OF BRITISH COLUMBIA have very original residences, which are well worth a description. Their houses have « framework of poles and heavy rafters. Two heavy beams run through from front to rear to support the roof, which has a gable. The hovse has no chimney, but some of the boards forming the roof can be removed to allow smoke to eseape. RWARIUTL Hover. These houses provide accommodations for four families, who occupy the four corners, and there is a fireplace for each of them. "The corners are divided off from the main rooms framework of poles on which each family ts fish or other food. On each side of the fireplace there isan enormous settee capable of seating the whole family. THE BED Rooms, Bat the bed rooms are the most curious feature. These are really small houses with gable roofs and are built on a platform running around the inside of the large house. Thoy have in these rooms small fireplaces. TEMPORARY HOUSES FOR SUMMER. In summer the southern Alaskan and coast Indians generally live in houses of temporary construction. While the salmon fishing is good there will usually be found close by the mouth of some fresh water stream owned by a family a built structure. This varies in size, ‘ding to circumstances. crale these summer houses aro built with a ramework and have @ root made of strips of bark overlapping and held down by poles and stones. PRIMITIVE TENTS. A | Then there is a primitive form of tent,which oes when the Indian is travel- This cousists of strips of bark. When le nto camp he simply cuts two ings wath forks at one end of each, sharp- cm toa poiut and sticks them in the d. Then he lays a pole in the forks. rests Lis strips of bark against it and is ready for the night, or for rain, either, as the bark will shed water re le Many of the Indians of Alaska now use cot- ton sheeting to make their tents of. This kind resembles the regular A tent. ‘The people of iking’s Island have very qu locking houses. ‘ihey are made of skins stretched over a framgwork of wood and ere perched high in the air on elevated platform: Safety in a Thunder Storm From the Yankee Blade. Mother—“And so you engaged yourself to ‘hat young man at Idiewild Springs, did you?” Daughter (sheepishly )—“¥-e-8, ma, I prom- teed to become his wife. “It was on a beautiful moonlight evening in June?” “Why, yes, ma; bow did you know?" “And the hotel band was playing a delight- fal waltz by Strauss?” “Why, yes. Who told you?” “And youtwo were in the srbor om the ‘en “And the fountain sparkled in the moon- light, and made music which seemed like a fairy echo to the sweet melody which floated ut from the distant orchestra/” “Ye. How—— “And the lake with its fleet of pretty boats — about the softly illuminated waters like a bit of lovely Venice dreaming at your feet?” “Yes, yes. But how did you know all this?" “T knew it must have been under some such ‘ombination of circumstances that he pro i never have said -yes' to each an pated nincompoop as that. “Permit me,” said a man in the trade last week, “‘to give you the real motive that the woman had when she asked, according to your THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON. D.C. SATURDAY. sifreme BEFORE THE VICTORY. Effect of the Chilian Revolution. BALMACEDA AND HIS ENEMIES ‘The Causes of the Insurrection From a For- eigner’s Standpoint—The Congressionalists and Their Emissaries—Not Actuated by Patriotiam—A Good Prophet. From The Star's Traveling Commissioner. Coxcerctox, Cart, August 12, 1891. TsLEAST FIVE WEEKS MUST ELAPSE before these written words can reach the United States and appear in print—even if they do not find watery grave in the bay at Iquique. At first the rebels used to open all letters that fell into their hands, and destroy those that contained information not entirely in their favor, but that soofl’ grew to be too much trouble, and for some time past the mis- sives of friends and foes alike that come up from the loyal provinces via Iquique are dumped into the ocean. For many weeks Americans bave been sending their home letters with the consular budget whenever practicable, Protected by the United States seal, or in the private pocket of some northward-bound sea captain. It is considered certain that within the next two or three weeks the fixal battle will be fought which must decide the Chilian contro- versy. Should such an important event occur the cable and telegraph lines will have brought you news of it long before the facts could be communicated by letter. In the full expecta- tion that such will be the case—though I am neither @ prophet nor the son of a prophet—I want to forewarn my readers on a few points. CBILIAN ATROCITIES. In the first place you ought to get down on your knees and thank God that it is none of your “funeral,” and that you live ina land peopled by a race who are not given to mutilat- ing the bodies of their countrymen slain in battle, nor going out of their way to wantonly apply the torch to the private property of in- dividuals who are politically ‘opposed to them. So far 2s youand I personally are concerned, the outcome of all this fuss is of noconsequence whatever, and “sympathy” for cither party pretty much wa ‘The fact of being on one side or the other of & question does not chanj Chilian nature, and when it comes to battle atrocities will be committed by both factions of which the world will never hear. When the decisive conflict takes place don't accept for law and gospel the first news you hear. No matter which side 8, the United States papers will imiediately team with glow- ing accounts of “patriot” achievements, meai ing the doings of the rebel pens of emissaries mm the nox well paid for precisely that Tambecs or eee extraordinary envoys, stu- tioned at safe distance from government bullete—in Washington, New York, San Fran- cisco and interior cities—are exerting them- selves to the utmost to win sympathy for their faction, with a sublime ignoring of truth that would be amusing under less serious cireum- stances. A DISTRACTED COUNTRY. You know there is nothing in the world so successful as succe: nd if the rebels attain it & good many United States journals willat once espouse ecause of which they can know little, Deing so remote, except on the word of these same interested partisans. In the event of rebel victory the latter will immediately tele- raph farand wide that “peace and order have een restored to Chili;” but don't you believe it. The stern facts will be that ali loyal gov- ernment officers, if captured, will be shot with- out merey; riots, incendiarism, secret assassi nation and open murder will provail, and di banded armies, excited by a taste of blood, wi make Chili a less desirable place of residence than the heart of Zululand for a long time to come. On the other hand, should the government troops come off victorious there will be a lot of rebels to be executed unless they keep well out of the country. THE TWO SIDES TO THE QUESTION. While thanking your stars that this bloody business, from first to last, is no concern of Uncle Samuel's I want you to remember that every question has two sides, and that the government side of this has scarcely been rep- Fesented at ail in the United States papers. Few of the president's supporters can write English, and if they could it is doubtfal if they would condescend to “work” foreign journals, as their enemies have so industriously been doing. To come down to the bottom of things this war has resolved itself into little more than one of FOREIGNERS AGAINST NATIVE CEILTANS, the congressional faction being led, officered and upheld almost exclusively by Americans and Englishmen. Mr. George Montt, the active head of the rebel junta (by the way, please pronounce the latter word as if spelled hoon tah), is a Pennsylvanian by birth, and of late years only a Chilian senator by “profession.” His brother, Mr. Peter Montt, is chief of the rebel envoys in the United States, and in the event of triumph on their side both will be given important positions under the new gov- paiisterk gw 7 Sane tinie wealthy citizen of Valparaiso, whose interests are essentially English, having made his fortune selling Chilian “nitrate in Great Britain—gave large sums of money at the outset to sustain the cause, until the seizure of ihe nitrate beds ren- dered the rebels independent of private finan- cial support. Should the insurgents win Mr. Edwards will doubtless be chosen their first president, and, with true British thrift, he will not fail to realize an hundred-fold on the funds invested. NOT ALL PATRIOTS. Don't lose sight ot the fact that all men who claim to be “patriots” are not the genuine article any more than all professed Christians are worthy of the name. The greater part of these alleged patriots of Chili have been living in clover, so to speak, for several months past, safely located 700 miles from the seat of the government against which they revolted, with a stretch of impassable country between. Re- ceiving alittle more than $3,000,000 a month from the nitrate sales they kave been enjoying much more rea:ly cash than most of them ever had the privilege of handling before in their lives, and one of the ludicrous features of the case is the way in which these virtuous rebels— au: infinitesimal minority of Chili's population having forcibly appropriated the country’s source of revenue and while spending it fo their own purposes—denounce President Bal- maceda asa thief of the deepest dye, driven to the last extremity by the exigencies of war, he has taken from the public treasury mouey enough to buy a war vessel in the hope of recovering the stolen nitrate beds. FRED MAY AS A PATRIOT. A large majority of the commanding officers in the rebel army are adventurous young Americans, many of whom were exiled from their own country for the country’s good, and jolly Englishmen, some of the wild “younger sons” of wealthy families, who were sent to this far-off land ostensibly to oversee some business or other, but in reality to get them out of the way of more respectable relatives. These fellows go into the fight from sheer love of excitement, with due regard to the loaves and fishes in event of success, and in case of defeat having nothing to lose. A good dal better than the average “patriot” is Mr. May, late a New York society swell and now a prominent ofticer in the rebel army. It will be remembered that he figured rather unplea: antly at home a few years ago in an altercation with Mr. James Gordon Beunett, after which he came down here in the role of a commercial traveler. With all proper respect for this gen- tleman, is any one going to believe for a mo- ment that he cares the snap of his flnger for the future of Chili beyond the point where his own interests and Tove of adventure ure con- cerned? Yet it seems to me that he is a last number, for glass cups in which to resi her | brass bedstead. {am sute that it is not in. or: der to prevent the bed from robbing her of her | electricity. but simply because glass is @ non- |conductor, and every woman believes that jlightaing won't strike anything that reste in { glass cups. “I bave seen a highly ted relative, of | mine run to the pantry on proac! s thunder storm nd secure four gees © dishes, rest the four legs of the poetig sch ud sit serenely while the rest of the feminine jousehold crawled uuder the bed or got into cit i eappoeed that when liek it is suy tw! comes ina mae and secs a woman with her heels on the rang of Ler ebsir. the legs of which are in custard cups (the chair, not the woman), ‘that it turns around and goes back again.” crane Victor Haines, one of the in; in the Usion Pacific wreck eke poe thousand times better patriot than the native rebel, for he is not shooting his own brothers to advance private wchemes, nor wantonly burning the homes and destroying the property of his countrymen. ‘WHO THE INSURGENT LEADERS ARE. Agood many of these Anglo-Saxon Chilenosap- pear to be warriors of that atripe aptly described by the late Senator Hill as “invincible in peace and invisible in war,” and you may confidently rely upon it that in the list of “casualties” in the coming battles not one of their names will be tound. A number of them, having insti- gated tho dendly conflict in which thousands Must fall have sought refuge in other coun- r fort tries, where their valorous part is to frandiloquent diatribes conceraing ty patriotiem and the tyra: Fannie B, Ward's Forecast of the began. Certsinly this man does not merit liontzation in “Gots country” for hav- ing taken advantage of his half cit and intimate know of the United States to smuggle out of it arms to his fellow patri involving his native land in a Piece of business. GEN. CA¥TO, the military leader of the insurgent forees—a man who for cause was dismissed in disgrace from the regular army of Chili—is presumably actuated as much by adesire to be revenged upon the government and an ambition to re- instate himself in public favor aa from motives of pure patriotism, and when the great battle comes off, if the rebels win the dey, you may. hear how his private vengeance bas been ‘wreaked upon those who were lately his brother officers by shameful mutilation of their dead bodies and the burning of propegy by his soldiers. DARK FOR THE GOVERNMENT. Tam sorry to say that things are looking ex- tremely dark, just now, for the government party, and its friends are filled with sad fore- bodings. None know better than the Chilians themselves how impossible it is to rely with certainty upon this turbulent, unstable and hot-headed race. ‘They areas iinble to under- go atotal revulsion of sentiment at any mo- ment as the wind is to veer. They may be on ‘one side of a vital question in the morning and on the other side at night, swayed by some ca- price or mirage of the imagination; or, more likely, by the overweening jealousy that pos- sesses every one of them and the ambition to shine above his fellows that is bred in the bone of the true Chileno. An unfortunate state of bickering and jealousy has arisen among Bal- maceda’s generals, who are each mortally of- fended because they cannot supersede the other, and it 1s greatly to be feared that when the critical juncturecomes these wrong-headed patriots will bring about disastrous conse- quences by failing to sustain each other's move- ments. ps HELP FROM THE UNITED STATES. A graver reason for foreboding lies in the knowledge that a large amount of arms and ammunition has lately come to the insurgents from their emissaries in the United States, de- of the Itata affair—rifles of the and plenty of them. The gov- soldiers, though far outnumbering the insurgents, are poorly armed and not nearly so well ofiicered as are the latter, with the assist- ance of their better-posted and cool-headed Anglo-Saxon friends. Should it prove that those guns, in the hands of wreckless adven- turere and ‘unscrupulous politicians, are the means of overthrowing the long-established government which has made CLili the most prosperous of South American countries, the elder “sister republic” will have no reason to be proud of it. Tum creditably informed that private letters from rebels in the north of Chili to their friends in the south state that, elated by pos- session of the new guns and news of disaifec- tion among Balmaceda’s o'ticers, they have de- termined to make bold strike ‘for the taking of the capital _feither by way of Valparaiso or Talcahuano) almost immediately before the President's new war vessel can arrive. the circumstances they are confident of vic- tory, and it is not avail improbable that their Lopes will be realized. Whichever army comes off victorious its triumphal return march through the streets of every city will be greeted with boundless enthusiasm and shouts of “viva Chili” from the populace, which cares very lit- tle upon whose banners victory perches so that the war is ended. S4OULD THE INSURGENTS WIN let nobody imagine that “peace and quiet” will be restored to unhappy Chili; for their supremacy will be but the beginning of troubles. The congressional party is composed of almost as many livoree elements ny where are men in it, and each has a strong will of bis own. ‘They have never been united except upon one point—tae overthrow of the estab- lished government. This accomplished tho old questions will immediately come up and their conflicting idiosyncracies begin to assert themselves again. The country will lapse back from the liberalism she was so many Years im attaining into the hands of the priesthood, and 4 state of anarchy will continue generations after all the present actors in the drama have gone to glory--or to the other place. You do Hot believe it? Well, wait and eee whether my predictions are verified; but don’t base your opinions entirely on the one-sided versions of interested parties. BALMACEDA’S TROUBLES. It wasin the vain effort to please all the diverse wings of the party which elected him five years ago that Balmaceda changed his cabinet so many times—nine times within three years— but he ‘never could succeed in suiting two factions of them at the same time, nor could auy other mortal man. If they get a chance to each wing, rendered more arrogant and aggressive by’ recent triumphs, will insist upon its own particular way. ‘Having once broken through that flexible document, the constitution, its provisions will be made to bear any sort of construction. President will follow president in rapid succession, and the already ruined country will proceed to the bow-wows at an expeditious pace. A WASHINGTONIAN'’S VIEWS. A well-known Washington gentleman, who has been traveling in Chili, recently expressed Some opinions which are of value as coming from an intelligent and disinterested source. Says he: “Hitherto Lhave not dared to write frecly, owing to tie opening of all letters at Iquique. ‘The rebels are dependent entirely upon the United States and bolivia for pro- visions, and I am sorry tosay that loads of hay, flour and other supplies are continually coming down to them from San Francisco. We ought not to foster this ‘opposition’ party. They represent elements totally antagonistic to our notions of a republic; they ure the exponents of plutocracy, of British capital and French customs; they are the enemies of commerc relutions with us; they oppose social progre: education among the masscs, popular repre- sentation and freedom in religious matters. “The scatter-brained youth of Santiago—those who have been saturated with the eloquence of the young clublawyer who has deigned to visit the smalier cafes and harangue them, the aristo- cratic families of the old regime, and all the priest-controlled women—are in sympathy with the rebellion. The masses—the middle and lower classes, those whom republicanism is most likely to benefit—are with Balmaceda. I have told you how intimately we are identified with this struggle, both as to our institutions and future commerce. Every day it grows more certain to my mind that such is a true application of the conflict to us that we ought to do all in our power to uphold the hands of Balmaceda.” ONE OF THE MAIN CAUSES OF DISAFFECTION against the president is that for many years he has been a leading spirit in the liberal party as opposed to the chureh element, and during his several terms in congress and the scuate boldly advocated the separation of the church and state. It was finally accomplished, among other much-needed reforms, and with it Bal- maceda gained the undying hatred of the ebureh faction, which is still a very powerful element among the people and includes nearly all the women. INTENSE BITTERNESS. At the distance of the United States from Chili it is impossible to understand the feeling of intense bitterness that exists here between the opposing sides. Our own civil war never brought halt the intensity of rage, malice and hatred. connection it may be stated authoritatively that should Balmaceda’s govern- ment be upset the conquering rebels will at once demand the recall of the United States minister, Mr. Patrick Egan. Mr. Egan has been guilty of no offense beyond that of now and theu trying, unsuccessfully, to pour oil on the troubled waters. The insurgents make no account of the fact that he was sent to their country on purpose to hold diplomaile commu nication with the established government, and that it would have been very questionable di plomacy indeed to have gone over to the side of a rebellion until his home government had at least recognized the party as “‘belligerents.” It is alleged against Mr. Egan as another crime that his eldest son is employed upon # Chilian government railway. ds our twinlster hase ‘ull baker's dozen of olive branches, and has not found it the easiest matter in the’ world to provide ier them all, it ougnt, instead, to be a matter for congratulation that one of them has found paying employment. PRESIDENT HAERISON'S NEUTRALITY COMMENDED. President Harrison is also severely criticised in some sections of Chili for not having ex- tonded @ helping hand to the rebels, anda reat deal of nonsene bas been written about 1e duty of the pattern republic toward “stri gling patriots.” Fair-minded people the wor! over will say that tho President of the United States has done right in maintaining @ neutral attitude. His business is with the established FoverRment of Chili, not with a local squabble, ot them fight it out like so many Klllkenay eats if they want to; if the “opposition” suo- ceods in establishing itself, it will then be quite time to recognize it. Even the King of the Cannibal Islands must be recognized as such by other governments so long as he remains in power. Under EVERY RULER A DESPOT. In these turbulent countries it is the fashion to look upon every ruler as a despot, and he is compelled to become one in order to keep his constituents within hme yyy = —— Perhaps you remember that during our own civil war the United States thought itvery hard because most of the prominent English jour- nals took with the eouth and celebrated every northern defeat by enthusiastic head lines and metaphorical clapping of hands. The lish people had some excuse for their atti- in the fact that the. blockading of south ern porta had deprived them of the cotton that Kept all their great mills going, and that in one British district alone more than 45,000 workmen were on the verge of ‘starvation because thrown out of employment by the closing of the mills. And it should not be forgotten, too. that our neighbors of Dixie Land hud a deal more cause for “kicking” than had the Chilian congress. A TRUE PROPHET. “Uneasy lies the head that wears the crown, especially in South America, Let us again thank heaven that it is no zoncern of ours and that we belong to a country where Chilian methods in peace or war are not possible. Be- fore you read these words President Baimaceda may have been assassinated by secret foes or vhot as a traitor by the men who elected him, or, what is more probable, he may be « home- less refugee, fleeing for dear life from his native land. His term is now so nearly over—its limit being September 18—that should defeat ac certain he would be apt to take ‘French leavi and stand not upon the order of going. To got out of the country he would have to cross the Andes, which at this season are buried in snow. To attempt such a journey by the regular sum- mer routes at this time of the year for a man unhampered by a family would be almost sui- cidal, and what would be the fate of one with helpiess women and children depending upon him, endeavoring to force a passage by stealth through untrodden ways of those awful mount- ain Fanniz B. Wamp. Enj tus ————+ee. HE WOULD EAT PIE. An Effort to Get Supper in a Country Town After Supper Was Over. From the New York Sun. It is a considerable undertaking to turn a country town out of one of its accustomed grooves. New York belongs to any stranger with money enough to purchase its favors, but acountry town is the property of its inhab- itents, and they run it to suit themselves. A New York man reached South Amboy the other night at 8:30 o'clock tired and hungry. He went to a hotel and said he would like some supper. “Too Inte,” said the proprietor. “It's all cleared away.” “Ob, but [must have supper. Iam hungry.” “Sorry,” said the hotel man, “but we cannot give you anything. The girls have all gone out.” “But what will I do?” “Better try McGonegal’s, down street and eD/12, 1891-SIXTEEN PAGES. A VISIT TO MADEIRA. How the People of Funchal Celebrate the Evening Before Feast Day. THE LANDING ON THE BEACH ‘What the Town is Like—Pretty Madetra Girls and How They Are Dressed—Accompans- ing the Crowd to the Mount Church en the Evening of the “Promissa.” Correspondence of The Evening Star. Foxcuat, Mavenia, August 15, 1891. HE LANDING AT MADEIRA IS MADE IN quaint weather-beaten boats with high terns and stern posts, looking in the distance like gondolas, and manned by swarthy, sun- browned natives. The gently sloping beach is formed entirely of stones about as large as one’s fist, polished by the incessant breaking of | the sea. These stones are characteristic of the place, as all the streets are paved with them, and from long usage they are as slippery as glass. Instantly, as we jumped from the surf boat, we were surrounded by a clamoring, importunate crowd of would-be guides, idiers, fishermen and small boys, each anxious to se- cure his share of the newly arrived million aires. Cries of “Me guide, Cabal Senor, me have bully horse,” “I speaka Inglese,” filled the air and our ears, as though bedlam had been turned loose. One in particular, a tall, cadaverous man with aweather-beaten hatencircled with a black band bearing the inscription in gilt letters: “Cicerone No. 1, Funchal,” claimed our atten- tion by loud éries: “Sie government guide; see my hat.” We informed him in choice American that neither bis services nor the serv- ices of any of his fellow citizens were required and gently intimated that he could move on, but, alas! he would not, so we were forced to set out on our journey witha numerous und imposing retinue of guides, grooms, horses, boys and dogs, with a fewinterested policemen in the rear. ' Thus escorted we passed up through a pleasant shaded street, which leads with agentle slope to the plaza. On our left was the arsenal, a large yellow barracks, before whose door a dingy Portuguese soldier paced back and forth. ‘These diminutive soldiers, for none of them are over five feet six inches in height, may be found all over the town, dressed in’ an old uniform, small brown caps, brown cloth jackets and linen trousers of all shades. A few artillerymen, with red trim- g8 and red buttons in the center of their caps, like Chinese mandarins, served to reliove the monotony of the scene. AROUND THE PLAZA. ‘The plaza isa wide square in the center of the town, bordered by trees and furnished with around the corner.” “Thank you.” The New Yorker arrived at McGonegal spoke of his yearning for supper. “I caunot give you any,” said a woman be- hind the bar. “The gentleman in the other pede bas just got the last piece of bread in the ouse.”” “Cun you not send out and get a loaf?” “There is no one to sen “Well, I don't want any bread. Tl eat sup- per without “We have nothing but cold pickled lambs' tongues. Oh, dear, I wish oysters wero here.” ‘The New Yorker walked around the town and back to the railroad station. In a very unattractive-looking place, suggestive of pea- nuts, smoking tobacco and flies, was found a man behind another counter, on which were two or three cuts of 5.cent piesa little thicker than the plates they rested upon, I get supper here? ‘haf noding but apple pie, peach ple and lager beer. T make that for sou.” “Ob, no; I want a hot, good supper.” “That's all what I coe fs “But, see here, my friend, I've beenall over the town and cannot get anything anywhere. Now, you know the town; what would you do if you were in my place ‘and wanted & good supper?” “What I'd do. I'd eat some pie and lagor bee “Good evenin, On the other end of the station was another restaurant, hung all around with notices de- scribing the sort of language customers might not use, forbidding smoking and generally in- dicating that the place was managed to suit the proprietor rather than hiscustomers, The man in charge was the biggest man in New Jersey—mueb larger than old Alderman Busch of Hoboken was at the time of his death. can I get supper here?” .ciClwm chowder, beefsteak pio and beet stew.” “Really?” Vhich’il you have? “Chowder to begin with.” “Can I make you cocoa, coffee or tea?” “Coffee.” The proprietor should be as great in fame as insize. His Supper was hot, abundant auds good and it was followed by a bed at the hotel in a room with three windows and no mosqui- toes. “A very lucky experience for one who tried to upset a little town by ordering supper after the rest of the folks had eaten theirs. ——__—_+e- —___ A VILLAGE POO BAH, Experience of a Reporter Seeking Informa- tloa In a Sullivan County Settlement. From the New York Sun. A reporter of the Sun, seeking information of aformer resident, visited Oakland valley, Sullivan county, the other day. While await- ing the Monticello train at Port Jervis the re- porter inquired of a group of loungers whera he would be most likely to obtain the required information. “When you get off the train,” said one man, “take the main road, and in the first house to the right lives an old fellow who can teli you all you want. T'd see the supervisor if I were you,” said another; “he has held ofice nineteen years. and knows everybody.” “Or the postmaster. In those little villages the postinaster knows everybody's businese,”” suggested a third. "Take the little path down the hill and you'll come to a saw mill. Ask the boas,” was the noxt suggestion, and it was followed by this “There's only one storekeeper in the village, ask him.” ‘The last one was: “Old Ben Case'll tell you all you want to know.” At the foot of the very steep hill leading from the railroad station the reporter met fine-looking, well-set up man in top boots, rough trousers, @ woolen undershirt and a slouch hat, who, in answer to an inquiry, said he was Beu Case. He knew all about the man the reporter ws seeking and gave the insorma- tion freely. As there was no way of leaving the village until the next train, five hours later, the reporter determined to visit the other persons to whom he had been directed. He thanked Mr. Case and walked to the saw mill and asked to see the boss. ‘The workanan directed him to tho general store near by. There he met Mr. Case iigain. In answer to an inquiry for the saw mill's owner or for the gen- eral storekeeper Mr. Case replied: “‘They’ro me.” As it was unlikely that he could give more nd .information as general storekeeper and til owner than he had ulready given as plain Mr. Case, the reporter asked to be directed to the pervisor, and again received the reply, ‘that’s me.” “You seem to be nearly eveybody here, Mr. Case. Where sali { tind the postmaster? He may know more than you've told me.” “Waal, I don't think so, but you can ask him. if you like. I'm the postmaster.’ Unwilling to ask any more questions the re- porter sturted for the white house to the right of the road. There two young women, busily engaged ,in domestic duties, said their father had gone to the store, but wonld return in a few moments. Would the visitor wait? The Teporcer waited-and in about an hour the ubiquitous Mr. Case arrived. “Come, girls,” he said, 2 some very time-worn benches. To its left lies the botanical garden, to its right “a very ancicut cathedral,” as the guide book hath it. ‘Ihe paint is all worn away from the square spire and the minute hand on its clock’s face has been broken away, leaving the hour band in solitary grandeur. To be sure, there is not much use for minate bands in Funchal,as from what I have seen the native Maderian holds an entire hour in very light esteem. Passing by the cathedral we turn up the Rue des Alvas. Here we hire some very good saddle horses from a short, fat Portuguese and start on our long climb ‘of the mountain side, for the “Mount Church” is about 2,000 feet above the sea. Tt is a lovely day and far above us we can see the two white towers of our objective poiut gleaming iu the sunlight as we ride on. ‘there ty just one drawback to our bliss, our ragged guides will persist in hanging on to our horses tails. Still, it is very easy to ride horses like his own way, for the larger part of the time the road is making an angle of sixty de~ grecs with the horizontal. Steep as it is, it is paved with the same slippery stones as are the Streets of the town, and on either side high gray wails inclose us, sutting out the town from our sight. Up this highway go the coun~ try people from all portions of the island, all bent upon the feast. TO CELEBRATE THE FRAST DAY. For we have come to Madeira on the feast day of the year. We overtake groups of thirty or more, all apparently merry and endeavor- ing to enjoy their holiday. In front come the young men, with mandolins and guitag, rib- bons in their hats and wreaths of roses@round their shoulders. Next the ant women, dressed in straight, full skirts of light colors white waists and head dresses of gaily colored’ handkerchiefs. All wear the native untauned hali boots and carry long staves. Some drive Vefore then little burros, with immense loads fastened on their quaint pack saddles; others, poorer perhaps, bear their provisions and wares on acradle suspended by # broad band from their forehead and resting on their shoulders, The richer people go up in canos, which are drawn by men and resemble old coach bodies mounted on runners. ‘Tuese glide over the smooth streets very easily, and being luxuri- ously cushioned are most pleasant convey ances. Hammocks, swinging from long poles like palanquins, are to be found at all the hotels, but L have never seen one in use on the street. PRETTY ornts. At last thegray walls give place to houses and from the upper windows of these lean forth many pretty girls to see the Americans go by A to watch the crowds that ‘These girls are all dressed in French style, except as regards a bonnet. Some wear broad straw hats of native manufacture, others shawls knitted silk scarfs, but the bonnet proper is rare article. On ‘this point they show their great good sense, for a Madeira girl with a bon- net resembles an’American Indian in civilized clothing. Goop WISE AND FINE VIEW. Half way up the mountain we halt and let our tired horses rest a moment while we taste a glass of tho far-famed Madeira wine at ite birthplace and enjoy the view. Justa thousand feet below we see our ships, the Lancaster and the Monongahela, lying at anchor, with the Von Moltke, a German training ship, and several merchant vessels, looking like toy boats on a ane of glass. A thin baze hangs round the Eorizon, and from our clevation it 1s impossible to tell where the sea begins and where the sky ends; they seem to form one continuous vault. ‘The town lies beneath us, looking very much as if all the houses had been originally in place where wo stand and had slid down the moun- tain, grouping together in the holiows and leavingall theridgesbare. ‘Terraces are cut up the entire hillside and present the appearance of a giant pair of steps up the slope, curpeted with green vines like moss. We move on again up the steep stony rod, trying to wake the echoes with college glecs, in imitation of the numerous parties of peas ante. The road now winds by the cemetery, and here banana trees, palms and oaks may be seen growing side by ‘side, while just @ little farther on in one of the little gardens in which funchal abounds we see peaches, pears, man- gees and camphor trees with strange, gaudy masses of brilliant blue flowers. Geraniums row wild along the wayside and’ enliven the Sirk growth off the trees aud vines with their scarlet blossoms. AT THE MOUNT CHURCH. At last we find ourselves at the foot of the approaches leading tothe church. The steps and all the pathways to the church are crowded with country people carrying tapers and stave an for it is the evening of the “Prommissa, tomorrow will be the great feast of the day of the Vi Every year this f held here at the “Mount Church,” or, in Port iese, the Church of the “Nortra Senhona.” ‘he peasants come hither from all parts of the island, walking, some of them, the entire day barefooted over the sharp stones in order to be present at this feast. The church is alu- minated with colored lights and before it is an immense crowd of peasunts, all in their “Sun- day-best.” The approaches are lined with booths, where the country women eell cakes, unleavened bread made in odd shapes and tapers. AN ACT OF PENANCE. Before the church is a large, broad flight of stone steps, the center of which is kept clear, and, as we arrive at the foot of the flight of woman, “bolting staff to aid her feeble limbs and in the other a $e ours; we just hold on and let the ammal pick | it the festival of tonight derives ite nai “Prommissa;” the penitent vows that he or sbe will perform this act of IN A MADEIRA TOROGOAR. It is now growing late, the lights begin to go out and the number of merry makers decreases; every One is beginning to look for a place to pass the night. The lights in the church are growing fainter asthe oil is used up, one by one the proprietors of the little booths ‘put out thets lights and. do up their wares in native woven baskets, the missa’ is over and we turn to go. "Passing back again to the road We get into a cano, or Madeira toboggan, fitted with two stout ropes, by which the men ‘direct | it, and with a good shove off down the mountain | in the moonlight, faster and faster wo go, the | cool night air gocs rushing by and the sparh fly from the stones as our iron runners strik them. Down from the mountain a confused | murmur of many voices follows us and the | tinkling sound of the mandolins lingers to the last fn our ears. Slowmg down now as we enter the town, which hes quietly as if it wore | & phantom village, we stop, leave our sled aud set out on fuot for the beich. Honack M. won PREYING UPON THE UNSUSPECTING. ACFARLAND. They Do Not Breakin and Steal, but They Get the Swag. 66] HAD A MOST ANNOYING EXPERI- ence the other day,” said Noodles last s Iwas enter- ing the front door of my house, returning at about 4:30 p.m. from my work at the foreign office, I found aman in the hallway who was busily engaged in gathering several silk and derby hats from the rack. Said be: How aye do? Very well, I thank you,’ I replied. “ ‘The fellow, while be spoke, continued to denude the bat tree, addin, “"T am taking these blocked.’ “A thought struck me. “Td like it very mach if you would take mine also,’ said ‘Can you wait @ moment for it? gents’ hats to be ‘With pleasure,’ responded the man affa- bi “Iran upstairs as quickly as I could, got my best stovepipe out of its box—it bad suffered RE WAS COURTFOUS AND POLIMNED, BUT mI Rare ‘WAS KINKY HARD TO ERADICATE OLD PRESD- DICK —A LITTLE BILL DID IT—4 FORMER MERT- TNO RECALLED, Written for The Evening Star, QO. oF THE Most ENTERTAINTNG incidents illustrative of the progress from poverty to position and power in this republic was narrated the other day by a former com- mittce clerk of the Senate. sak went upon the floor of the Senate one day to see Senator Spencer, who was chairman of the committee of which I was the clerk, and was present when Senator Bogy of Mis- souri introduced himself to Senator Bruee of PP enator Bogy was a prond, aristocratic gentioman,. descended from one of the old pioneer French families of the Mississippi wal- Ho wasa man of ished presence, superior ability, extensive travel and social culture. He was unabje to accept with grace the changed conditions which made the negro equal with the white man before the law. It to bum that the freed- widence before his eyes, most evidence, that the negro was de- 5 tuto citizenship, and also into states- There, upon the repubhean mde of the Sonate chamber, sat Blanche K. Bruce of mber of that body, with all of its rights, privileges, honors and emol Tuents, and possessing @ vote Upon all matters fully equal to bis own WOULDN'T RECOGNGER MIM. He never recognized Bruce, never spoke te him, never associated with bim and bad even jexpressed surprise thet bis republican col- leagues would recognize the ex-alay Brace was ated to his equality ing been ito the Senate by « sovereign state. On the contrary. although he ocoupied aseat on the floor of that august and distime shod legislative chamber, Bruce was, t0 Bog or lems the alter that fact. His surteous, con- uified, but he wasa negro aud Although Passed and repassed each other in the corridors of the Capitol. in hotel he Senate chamber and in the Senater Bogy never noticed the the inferior race. In fact, have at on one occasion when Senator ruce entered the Senate restaurant for lunch ator Logy left the room without finishing r. pothing ould nit was kin a temporary injury im a shower the day fore—and fetched it down. “That's ail right,’ observed the fellow. “T: ta, dear boy. Kemember me to your mother. “Now, that last remark of his’ almost awak- ened my suspicion, not only because it struck i that I have no mothe which was evidently justified, inasmuch’ a one has sce: him or heard of him since. Wh bothcrs me most is that the other men in the house appear to regard me as responsible for the loss of their own tiles. TIMPKINS’ EXPERIENCE. ‘Timpkins laughed vociferously at this ance- dote and required an additional cocktail before he was able to reapond with a story of his ow “Since I was married,” he said, “strany things have seemed to happen to me some’ whereas my life asa bachelor was uncy if comparatively unenjos _ About two weeks ago my wife wa: Wy the servant to thé front door and given a horrifying mess to the effect that I bod met with down town. man who fetched notice the matter came in a cart and said that a mat- tress was required immediately. “wis he seriously hurt?’ demanded ray wife | wildly. ~ ‘Nothing fatal, ma'am, I believe,’ answered the person; “but a mattress is needed at once to bring him home o: “Hair or feathers: wringing her hands. “The driver of the cart reflected for a mo- ment carnestly, and then said suddenly: irre | down stairs. I had paid €35 for it only last month. “Hadn't I better give asked Mrs. T., half by; \y “ *By all means, ma‘am,’ replied the man. “So presently the mattress aud half a dozen illows were carted away. I came howe an you some pillow lly. jour later and found my wife fairly dis- | tracted. “Then you weren't hurt, after all, ward?” she ‘said, after explanations had’ been ma is is tho first I've heard of it,’ I an- swered. ‘But what has become of the mattress and pillows?" “That is a question have been trying to solve ever since, but I have given up all notion of ever finding out.” Snoopkins lighted another cigar and exhib- ited symptoms of having something to say. © qHE LANDLADY was opriaixe. “That reminds me,” said he, “of a little game that was played on the landlady at my boarding house a year back. At about i0in the morning, after I had gone out, a man rang the door bell ina great hurry and asked for | the proprietress, Mrs. ; Me nounced that he came cs a messenger from me. According to his aceon the middle of Pei nsylvania avenue and 60 be- mired my attire thot it was impossible for me to come home. Therefure, as he represented, Thad instructed him to demand my best suit of clothes, for which J was anxiously waitin, ina beer saloon near the Department of State. Of course, Mrs. Buggins obeyed, wrapping my new cutaw: coat, with waistcoat and love striped trow handing them over to the alleged messenger. When Tcame home there was an_eclaircisse- ment. My landlady took retuge in tears a Icounted myself out one exceedingly ewell costume. It goes without saying that the affair was a swindie clear through. “Asa fraud, however, it compares unfayor- ably with one executed upon a big flat house which two maiden aunts of mine once resided. In the absence of the janitor one day three men came and took up every stair and hall carpet in the building, saying that they had been structed to take them to the cleancr’s. None of thetenants knew otherwise and the thieves drove coolly away with their booty, which was never recovered. There was another similar case that I heard of, where a big wagon male its appearance in front of a dwelling that was being moved out of. The vehicle was packed fall of the best furniture and taken away, noth- ing being afterward heard of it.” THE THIN MAN WAXED Fat. Noodles calied for another package of ci ettes and remarked that he hada true siory which could beat the others hollow. “One time a friend of mine named Poppsby was staying at a hotel in New York city. While reading @ newspaper in the lobby on tho first floor he saw a mau enter who etruck him as the most hopelessly eudaverous individual he hud ever beheld in his life. ‘The person actually seemed to bea walking skvletox, such as ace exhibited before appreciative audiences at dime museums. Becoming reabsorbed in the morning's news, he thought no more about the matter until, about half an hour later, be saw coming down the stairs an enormously fat man, wrapped up—for it was winter—in a big over- oat. “emit occurred to him to surmise whether or not the hostelry which afforded him a shelter wax a resort for freaks. However, he dismissed U qzestion and it did not happen thet he thought of the thing agein until Le went up to his room awhile afterward. Perceiving the key in the doér he was reminded that he nad been 80 for- tful as to leave it there, but his horror can fetter be imagined thin described when, entering his apartment, he found all his be- longings scattered promiscuously on the floor— Shirto bed ‘vanished, four suits of clothe had iris is four si gone, every one of his necktieshad disappeared; in fact, ee ee ae made of his robe. Subsequent inquiry the undoubted fact that the thin man the fat man who had £ “What's de reason I ought ter put de pig- pen farder away frum de house?” asked ice ft ts unhealthy,” replied the doc- “Reckon you is mistaken,” ‘Sam; “dat thas been dar for two and dar ain't psn SE EET inquired Mrs. Timpkins, | kind enough to help my wife | and the servant to bring the best hair mattress | t Thad fallen down in | F | chance, for he evid neatly. in brown paper and | eed, When Br | hisreception was st | Senat ld have came to Washington that body in the comiortable with hilly. Noman wae Bat ax be stood e President and took the cath of | but also for the reason | at present surviving. watched the man as he disappeared around the next corner with a certain sense of misgiving, office it was plainly apparent that he was the | proadest man under tho dome of the Capitol, jand it wus soon manifest that he was deter- | Mined to demonstrate that he was a peer of the ¥ “tand best. He was quiet, bandsome, susttugdisied in appearance and exceptionally unobtrus john Sherman and Roscoe Conkling were the only men there who re- ceived Lim with any degree f warmth, and ntal candidates. | tered the Senate to seo ncer and was conversing with bim jed Senator from ad the rear of the deske to the republican side. He slowly and deliber- atei, own the Senator Bruce on the 1 beheve we have new T want to introduce myscl com matters to lay rtly bow, t Lam ¥ y, and am at your service.” y ogether to tho rear of the desks, sat n upon one of the big leather-covered ax, aud conversed earnestly for some time. i they parted they shook hands, smiled b burii arose | Senat | Wont Win and seemed to be the best of friends. 1 THE REASON FOR IT, “Well, a long time afterward, Senator Brace told us all about it. Ho said: “Bogy had « bill | pending which was of great importance to him- self. It fas for the improvement of the Mis souri river and, after he had counted noses, as the saying is, be found tigmt his bill might be defeated by one or two votes, 60 he wanted to get me to help him throngh with it. He told awe all about it; how important it was to bim, and asked me to vote for tho bili, at the same time assuring me thet he would’ feel under obligations and woul@ doanything in his power for me whenever eu a upon “fle treated me | as a brother Senator am: romptly responded | in a similar apirit. titi T told him that T had considered his bill, be- lieved tuat it was not « bad measure, and, 'as— southwestern Senator, felt that l ought to stand by iim and that I would vote for bis bill. He was delighted and radiant when L not only promised him my vote, but also agreed to helj him toa couple of other votes, as it seet that I could do, and as Lafterward succeeded in doing. But jus him th never vat dow of our firet meeting. tis a true story, and has some ‘thing of a funny nature, too. J said: A FOKMER MEETING, “Senator Bogy, one hot afternoon about # dozen years ago, when you were a member of Congress and one of the most distinguished men in your state, hurrying down Olive stree a departing steam your avoirdupois you slow progress, and your speed | was dimini-hed also because you were carrying @ heavy valise. You would have mised the | boat but for the good fortune which threw in your way « young and athletic nigger boy, to whom you offered a quarter of a dollar to carry the valise to the boat. oy jumped at the ntly needed a quarter of @ dollar.” | You hastened on, aud the young nigger shouldered the valise and tagged ‘along | close at your heels until the boat was renched. She wus already pulling out into the stream, but her wheels stopped when the captain saw: | tat Congressman Bogy was coming, and a | plank was thrown out aud you rusbod aboard. The boat proceeded, but the boy beld on to the valise. For no other man Jin St. Louis would that boat have re- Jturned to the wharf, for you she | turned around and eame back. As she neared er mooring place you shouted, “Throw that ine abourd, you black rascal.” The boy re- “irst throw me my quarter.” You iualf dollar, with an oath, and the valise chucked aboard and the steamer proceeded. You were very angry, Senator, and shook your fist at that poor fellow, but he merely lay and went away. That poor fellow was =P and that half dollar was as big asa water | to him, for it bought him a good 10-cent sup- jper that mgst. I was the boy, Senator, 60 you see we have met before. ~ never was more pleased with an; in my life,’ said Senator Bruce, ‘than with the manuer in which Senator Bogy received my story. He laugued immodcratel | that it iliusteated the po | public, He said that I deserved more credit | than any white boy would have deserved, for I | bed risen from a lower social and atellectual | level than white boys of my age at that time, | He became one of my best friends and we |lunched together several times in the restan- | rant. Instead of retaining is old-time preju- dices be tried to banish them, but that was im- possible. He was too old to change the idess ef a lifetime and Idid not blame him. Ial | Uked bim and have regarded bim as one of | greatest menof his age. race or easte cistinctions in this country are almost ineradi> cable.’ ANOTHER stort. “When Senator Bogy told me that I deserved credit for having risen from such lowly condi- tious I told bim another story. It was this: When Iwas a candidate for sheriff of my county my Opponent started out to make with me. On the second iS f