Evening Star Newspaper, September 12, 1891, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C, SATURDAY: SAN FRANCISCO. A LAND OF FARTHQUAKES. 1,000 feet that it has been named ¢ Light House of Salvador.” Around the base of the mountain are fertile plantations, | | while above them, covering about two-thirds | of the surface, is an almost impenetrable forest whose folinge is perpetual and of the darkest | green. Bevond the forest ix a ring of reddish | seori, while above it the live ashes and lava | cast from the crater are constantly changing | rise fan Salvador and the Terrors Its People Have Known. FRE WONDFRFCL FOLCANOES NEAR THE CAPITAL CITY — HOW 4 VOLCANO Kose OUT OF THE LeveL EARTH WITHES HIS TIMFS—sowE: 5:2 reagent ote sc ipa ce from livid yeliow when tuey are heated toa | — A in | tilver gray as they cool. Yauleo is in many re- | ‘The carthas ich did euch damage in| ects the most remarkable volcano on earth, | Ban Salv ty was not the visita | frst because its discharges have continued so | tion of some new upon the people. | long snd with such regularity, again, because | Earthquakes are of common occurrence in that | the tumult in the earth's boweia is always to be —— vcadisioali an at loca as to ieance | Boned: 00 Ce vnmbling' aad oxploaiona act Gar ee ees stant, being aud and, finally, each generation an experience. it is the only voleano that has originated on t little e mort country, b but is one of Itis a sms this continent since the discovery by Columbus. larger than Counectic THE BikTH OF A VOLCANO. prosperous of the Central American rep ‘om the plain in the spring the proportion of inha ts to the area being | 9 tof what had been for greater of the other republics. A 1 years a profitable plantation iderable industry and a spirit of im 1 ¢ from absence found | Li fer 0 th no where he had left flourishing crops. | % ¥. the peons were alarmed by | up a wealth w it, neighbors rather to rians were the a people to thr og of the earth and. frequ which did not extend over the country ‘s under the ground. near being citizens o time in Is22 they resolved to ava to into the sistern i of the U the general overthr: Central America reliew sity before the annexation was and they preserved their independeace as a re- pablic. REVOLUTIONS AND EARTHQUAKES. The country is beset by revolutions a quakes, both of wh but im spite of that they are prosperous people ecompl comp Jearth- and itis a “very fine little republic.” Their rocky const has no harbor which is safe, but SS BLOCK. nevertheless they have a considerable com | as usual. but seemed to be confined to that | merce. At La Libertad, the p locality. They left the place in| an immense iron pier extends returning a week or two afterward, found that all the buildings had been shaken lown, trees uprooted and large craters opened in the fieids which had been level earth before From these craters smeke and steam issued, and oce flames were seen to come ont Some brave herdsmen re y to watch developments, and of February, 1770, they beheld a > other man has been per- | About 10 o'clock in the | ace, and it they fied in terror that the was being turned upside down. aseries of explosions, which crust of the earth several hundred out of the cracks issued flames se volumes: smoke. An hour or later there was another and a grander con- hb shook and led the country hundred miles around. Rocks weighing thousands of tous were hurled into the air and 1 several leagues distant. ‘The surface of the | th was elevated about 3,000 feet and its in- | purged of masses of lava e. which fell in a heap around the hole from which they issued.- These «is- | charges continued for several days at irregular intervals, accompanied by loud explosions and 23d spectacle which mitted to witnes. morning the grand upheavel took p tot PANTEON AND PENITENTIAR' sea, in order to give a landing from the ve=vels which have tc ‘Three times before the expil and hor far out. | Ivedor, | i erely since and eleven times it has suffered se 13535. and 1554 the capi cd several | other towns and cities were nearly destroyed. | San Salvador stands at an elevation of 2.500 | «: feet, about eighteen miles back from the coast, | sarrounded by a group of volconves, of which two are active, one in particular. known | a Yzalco, throwing out volumes of smok ashes and Java every seven minutes with the | Teguiarity of clockwork, like the pufing of a great steam engine. These voleances, with alt their awful mrs- tery, the oceasional occurrence of earthquakes | and the strange ramblings that are often beard in the bowels of the earth, exuse the ignorant Cinsses to attach strange superstitions to the disturbances of nature which aiflict the coun- try. THE GREAT YOLCAN Tn his writing: on San Salvador Mr. W. E. Curtis gives a good description of these vol- canoes. Within view of the capital are eleven reat volewoes, two of which are unceasin active. while the others are subject to occa: eruption. The nearest is the mouxtain of Salvador, about 8,000 tect high. great advantage, because it arives so abru; from tie plain. ‘It is only three miles from city, to the westward, very steep. and its s we broken by monstrous gorges, imu ° rocky declivities and projecting cliffs. ‘Ihe summit is crowned by a cone of ashes and scorie that have been throws out in centuries past. but since 1856, subsequent to the greatest earthqn own, the er VIEW ON A BUSINESS STRERT. earthquakes, which did much damage through- out the republic. The disturbance wasp ceptible in Nicaragua and Honduras. In manner was a voleano born. In less than two mouths from a level field atose « mountain more than 4,000 feet high, and constant dis- el from the crater have accumulated opening until its elevation has in 100 feet more. Still the monster | grows and its anger makes the people tremb their houses being tumbled about their heads. | _ The ents represent the ruins of the cathedral, | the penitentiary and other publie and seenes along the prix streets of San Salvador just after the destruction of that city in 1872. ‘The pictures were secured by Mr. ard Parker Lindel, who has spent a great there are none more display to the by the coast or masses of lava, which flow Pawwencs anchored stantly dixcharzu. down their sides in bluzing torrents and of time in South and Centr: sal illuminating the sky widh flames issuing from | represent e Unite ex. He was ng inte the city of San Salvador on mule back Mareh 1 and just ashe reached a point the whole city m there was | tly a mighty commotion under ¢: bling and #n upheaval, and the city was to rains. People and animals were durections with cries of terror, so terribie was the shock that a few den houses were all that remamed stand- Mr. Tisdel says it was cool, clear day aude mon fore the cartl. quake every thing noked ful, ¢: ib running and Is With ig of water, and oke arose from the | mpressive and ma great The on cathedral of S ws of which are pictured the craters at regul stated, as rest’ eceurrmg like the ty ar as a ciock, the ernpti eating ef a y pulse every seven minute is Impossible to con- | above, was built of old Spanish brick. eneb as is ecive of a grander spectacle than this monster. | used in buildings at BR it mee some It rises 7,000 feet, a.most directly £ Mes to grandenr. * and an iimn. te constantly with use volume pouring out gularity o Land the walls | vety thick, but both buildings were com- L-DRESSED ‘We Have Him im Larger Nomber Than Ever Before and Mix Tribe Increases. From the Clothier and Furn'sher One of the most noteworthy evidences of Rational advance, indicating a move f@rward toward a higher standard by the typical Ameri- an, is the rixe o! e well-dressed man. Reporter they Hire Myself © call. Fatty, “I would as a Living Skeleton.” \ Scrawny Reporter made no | opie, but the City Editor came in Presently there isa Manat the Hospital who has Lost Nice Square inches of Skin from his The extended interest that is Leing taken in | Back aad tle Doctors want Nine Square Inches the subject of fashions for men is the har-| of Skin from a Healt an to Replace it Binger of manifestation for that greater con-| With. I want you togo and Furnish ie” > ct pence gala aati So the Fat Reporter, with a sigh, went to the we ee : | Hospital and Contributed of his Abundant * prevalence of the well-cressed | Supply of Integument to save the Life of a this country is the nataral result of competi- | Feliow Being, wh te te Lean Reporter went tion that has put well-made and presentable slong and Wrote the Thing Up. attire within the reach of men of modest |, Moral: It is Possible to have Too Much of a means, and diffusion of facts with relation | GO°d Thing. ade Sane Set ries thea to what thoy ehail wear | Cholly Turns a Somersault. “Clothes and manners don't make the man, {| F™™ but they doa good deal for himafter he is} Made.” is one of the most common-sense axior ever uttered, and it is well to instill a regard for personal appearance ina man that shail | arouse him toa proper quota of self-esteem in the ambition to rank in preseatability with bis | ; ‘That as a people we are much better dressed than a few years ago is apparent not only to those who travel and observe, but from various other indications verifying a demand for better clothes, and showing an intelligence in — Aware of Her ir. Fubdub—“What speaking Orbes has!" ‘Miss de Tract—“And eyes Miss she knows how merely stares at ‘conversation. ' C. Dransfield of drowned at New | to use them. She you try to engage her in 790 when jon Staten Island, is said to be a number of FORTUNES IN MEXICO. The Field For American Money Across the Rio Grande. A LAND OF GREAT PROMISE. Manufacturifig in Our Sister Republic—Amer- feans Who Have Made Fortunes—The New Coal and Iron Fields—The Cost of Living in the Capital and Other Cities. Correspondence of The Evening Star. Mexico Crry, August 30, 1891. THAT DOES IT COST TO LIVE IN Mexico?” “ grester hece then wnywbare cies in toe SoC, greater an: re and hundreds of Americans are taking advan- tage of the situation and making fortunes. As to climate, there is no bettey climate in the world than that of the Mexieo plateau. We rush for the White mountains in the summer and we consider ourselves happy it we can live during July and August on the top of Mount FORGERS ARE DEFIED. | Counterfeiting Soon to Be a Lost Art ~ in the United States. Washington. Still all this Mexican plateau, piel makes up. L should “aay. | mare Pag than three-fourths of Mexico, is higher ¥ ap in the air than Dect ‘Park’ or| GREAT SKILL AND PLUCK. Cresson, and much of it is higher than Mount Washington. Here you have perpetual sum- mer the year round. The air is always pure and is one jong June day,summer and winter, spring and autunm. Vegetables of all kindsare in the maricet all the time and atrawberries in parts of the country are always ripe. For people troubled with “diseases of the lungs or the di- gestion the climate isa cure-all, and I have met a score of heaithy-looking Americans who told me they had been sent to Mexico to die. Tam no heavy weight myself, and my average is about 100 pounds. Still have never fat ‘What Counterfeiters Have Done to Assail the Finanees of the Nation—A Wonderfal Scrap Book Kept in a Safe at the Bureau of En- raving and Printi: QNE_OF THE Most CAREFULLY guarded possessions of the United States treasury is ascrap book that is always kept asked this question of a young American | dentis who was practicing his professiap in the | city of San Luis Potosi. This is a city of about | 100,000 people. It lies in the north central part of Mexico and is ina rich farming coun- try. The young dentist lives very nicely. Like | all of his kind in Mexico he is making money | and he is saving enough to make him rich within the next ten or fifteen years. Said he: I keep a close account of my expenses, and as | 1 figure it it costs me just about $117 a month. | My living costs me for table expenses #2 a ds 60a month. I pay $25 a month for my | use, and I have three servants, who average | month apiece. I might get along with less servants, but not very well. Here every respectable fellow has to have a cook, aman anda chambermaid. The cook won't go out-| sido the kitehen and you have some troubl making the chambermaid wait upon the table. My boy tends to the front door, waters the street in front of my house and runs my er- | rands. He sleeps in front of the door at night | and does the most of my marketing. In| ition to the wages of the servanis I lave to give them fo much a day for food. Fach of them expects 6 cent» € morning for tortil- las or the corn cakes, which constitutes the bread of the common people, They claim th they don't like my food, but I hav idea that they steal it ail the same week I have to give 6 cents ex p. This isthe custom aud they want the money and not the soap. I once bought | -five pounds of soap and tried to dole it | out to them, but they wouldn't take it. Then eve ‘a to them for ‘then, in addition ‘to this, 1 have my washing aud ironing. ‘This is never done in’ the house in | Mexico. ‘There are public washerwomen, who pound and rab the clothes to pieces alter wet- ting them with cold water. which they get from pubiic tanks or ditches. ‘Ihey wear 0 the clothes in one-third the time that the would be destroyed by the Chinese 1 and I pay them oa mouth for doing it. butter costs me 75 cents a pound, my milk 17 ts a day and 1 pay about 6 cents a di j coal. All the cooking in | mexico is done with charcoal and there is uot a | cooking stove in a Mexican family the country | over. Mexican houses have no chimneys and | our cooking utensils are all made of clay. HOW THE MONEY GOES. “How about incidental expense “They are very high, was the reply. Money slips away here faster than you would think, and I would like to give you some of the items. An ordinary hand-me-down suit costs from 20 to $80. “Underelothing is very expensi ico costs 18 cents a yard. A ve silk necktie sells for $2. Linen cuffs ar cents a pair, and collars are three fo1 oil costs 87 cents a gallon, good tea costs $2 a pound, and cauned meats are expensive. | Take one of these 15-cent cans of lobster or | saimon, which you can buy any place in Amer- | ica, and it will “cost 37 cents ‘here, and a cake | of Peur’s soap will cost you 75 cents. Canned | fruits are trom 75 cents up, coffee costs 23 cents in the bean unground and chocolate is 40 cents a pound. Bread costs 12 cents a loaf. You can buy the same at home for 5 cents. Table salt costs 6 cents a pound. Flour is shilling « pound and the better classes of im- ported articles are very high. I pay 25 cents Jor a mackerel and codfish costs 25 cents a pound. American cheese is 50 cents a pound and lump sugar costs 14 cents a pound. I pay 25 cents a pound for strawberries and we raise thee in some parts of Mexico all the year around. My claret costs me $1.50 a botile and I pay 10 cents a quart for potatoes. My wife's dresses count up, I can tell you, and a man has tomake a good lot of money in Mexico in order to live as well as he doex at home.” HOW ONE DENTIST Gor RICH. “I suppose you make it?” said 1. “Yes, Ido,” was the reply, “and any Ameri- can dentist who will come here and stay can do likewise. I made $5,000 the first vear and I have done considerably better right along since that time. I can’ charge bigger pri get froma hundred to a nundred and fif doilars for a full set of teeth on rubber. The | same thing in the states cosis you g15. When- ever I administer gas 1 charge 210 for the pull- ing of «tooth, and when a number are pulled Tcharge $10 for tue first tooth and 25 for all succeeding ones. For jerking out a tooth without gas I charge $2 and in the United States you would only get 50 cents for this work. “As to fillings, they range from £5 upward, d gold fildings cost from ©15 up into the hu: oreds, according to the size of the cavity an to the size of the bank uecount of the man who Tasked. has his teeti filied. Lulways get £500 for mak- iug a set of teeth on gold aid all other business is done at proportionate rates. I know of many dentists who are making more than I, and I know of a number wo charge more than Ido. Lotten make 71,000 a month, but dent- ists in Mexico City I know man there who gets £20. tooch for any kind of # filling and wie came to Mexico from south America, where ue made 40,000 in asingle year. He is a good dentist, but his charges are terri- ble. In the m me Lam investing all I save im Mexico and I expect to make a fortune.” LIVING IN MEXICO crTY. There are about seven hundred Americans living in Mexico City. Some of these are very wealthy. A few own houses #nd quite a num- ber have rented establishments. The Hox homas Brannitf, who was, f understand, bor: esa millionaire, and bis is ome must be iderabiy over 210,000 4 year. He 1 pres of the Mexican railway which rune to Vera Cruz and Le has a big plantation, eot.on factories and is one of the Jeading owners of Bank of Londo: biggest bauk ia and Mexico, which isthe e country. He is building a house which will cost £100,000 on the Pane which isa fashionable drive of Mexico City aud be is the richest Ai Soin B. Fri another rich American. Ho | owns son tines near Toluca, 2 owe of fortable homes in the eap al. He tel at living is high in Mexico. | ‘The same is the verdict of ihe other Americans whem Ihave met here. Kents high and juxur very expensive. Everything (has reat chance for wer is imported is hi i fo: the exico, study the nevis of the pec t factories in Mexico for making are now so highi: Take the matter of nails coxt from 16 to 25 cents a p so expensive that a great pa: of Mexico is done with ropes instead of na Here in Mexico City within a sione's the Iturbide Hotel anu erected. The seaffoldi:g ued together with ropes, the raite spliced in this way. ’ Many of the huts of the southern part of the | country have roofs of thaich ted to rafters with ropes, and some of these Luts have not «a pallin them. In cnother part of Mexico the buts and houses are roofed with boards, bat the boards are tied on and are held down with stones or rocks piuced upon them. Few wooden buildings are known in Mexico. ‘The average house ins neither cellar nor garret, and the justenings, which we wake with unils, are in- genioudy constructed with brick and mortar. 1 have seen fences where the boards and poles were tied to the posts and a erata, that I got the other day to carry pottery in, was made of rods tied together with strings. Ail classes of building material are costly here. You have to Pay from £95 to #40 a thousand for flooring and lass is very bigh. A great mauy of the cheaper Rouses have no windows in, the glass seve: of the word. The openings are covered with iron bars and are fastened at night with close wooden shutters. Iron hus during past years Veen largely imported from Beigium and there is cance for American iron. The new railroad, which is being built south toward the {PF better than during the weeks 1 have been in Mexico, and the air braces one up, as if over- charged with champagne. ‘this ‘country is about one-fifth the size of the United States. It has until the last twelve years been torn up with revolutions, and the people have not had time to look into their own poverty and see what they have. No good gevivgical survey has ever been made of Mexico. [ts agricul- tnral resources have never Leen estiinated and its mining territory has never been fully pros- pected. There are now more than two thou- sand lines of new raiiroad being built in the | amining the vast number of designs for bogus country. These roads go into states which | cash between its cover: a Sram reporter was heretofore have been penetrated only-on mule | impressed with the tremendous extent and back or by stage Lines aud they open up what | (Pressed wi orp iseaid tobe a richer part of diexico than that | @8tgerous character of this counterfeiting in- dustry, which has. been until recently a now known, formidable menace to the financial safety of MANUFACTURING FIELD. s Take, for instance, the field of manufac-| the nation, employing the highest order of mechanical talent and inventive genius. tures. At Monterey some Philadelphia capi- 1 PROOFS taliste, and not very large capitalists, either, & = started a knitting factory about a year ago. | Teferred to were inade in every ease prelimi- They got a concession from the goveror of the | Marily to the destruction of the plates, one state providing that they should be the only | Copy of each being turned off in tie govern- knitting factory in it for twenty-five years, | ment press for the scrap book. There is not and they are now turning out 200 dozen’ pairs | one of them which has not its sirange and of stockings per day. ‘Ihe duty on stockings | often thriiling history. On the first page is a isso great that they can seil at a high protit. | count 50-cent fractional enrrency n | with a head of Washington. Both back « lhey tive Mexican girls to work their ma- clues and they are making lots of money. | face are shown and are admirably executed. It shut up ina massive burgiar-proof safe at the | bureau of engraving and printing. Scarce any one has ever seen it save high officials of the department. Its shnbby outside gives no sug- | gestion of the precious contents, yet pasted on | the yellow pages are “proofs” taken from all the important counterfeit plates for paper | money that have ever been captured by the governnent. In looking over the bulky volume and ex- id ‘There are two big Amer smelters in | is known that many thousand ¢ of it were Monterey, which are both making money, and | put Into circulation up to. the autumn of 1863, Lunderstind that Seagur, Guernsey & Co. | when a fire occurred in a dwelling at Williams- have established a plow foandry nese Pueblo | burg, N.Y. A matircas thrown from a window | and are doing weil. ‘There isa furniture fae-| broke open and was found to be litera tory at Monterey run by Atcricans, which is | stuffed with such ut pices. The ng Well, and the furniture ficld is one that | were captured, L ‘orger, an Engli 1 be Wor roiit all over Mexico. | named Leverson, escaped. t wood in the world. ure is imported. Where ebouy, hogany andall kiuds of hard woot are found forest there is no reason why Mexico | THE WAR. pt in the ion, and proofs of them should not export furniture instead of import pages of the serap book. In those it, The cost of any kind of furniture is _enor- sort of paper money would go with- mous. Desks which cost £25 in the United | tiny; the country was flooded with sell for £100 in Mexico City, and the | imitation currency, and the forgers reaped a apest of school desks are 29 apiece. Furni-| harvest. ‘the [0-cent piece had a vignette on ture imported into Mexico pays duty by weight, | the face represensing Justice with sales; ud Lam told that all kinds of hard-wood fur- ve to pay 25 cents a pound before they cross the frontier. Then there is a state . the heavy freight rates and other items which double the cost of almost any article im- ported. ‘thereis an Amevican furniture store in Mexico City whici is making a great deal of money by importing American furniture aud selling ithere, and there is a German here who lias gotten rich out of furniture sellin He sclis parlor suites all the way from $300 10 00a ret. ‘There area numberof cotton fa tories in Mexico and large mills near Orizaba which makes print goods. Everything is pro- tected here by the highest of duties, and alzaost any kind of a factory ought to pay. CATTLE AND PACKING INTERESTS. Mexico City will soon have one of the biggest pork packing establishments in the world. This is built with Mexican capital, but is being engi- necred by Americans, and it promises to con- trol the meat market of Mexico City. It is ealled the Mexican Packing Company and its head is an Aztec millionaire named Serano, who started life asa meat peddler and who is) now one of the richest business men in Mexico City. The American end of this establishment is the firm of Morris & Butte, bright youug fellows who own a packing louse at Kanwns City and who are managing this big establishment here. They ave constructed a vast house on the Americ plan, with machinery gf the latest kind, aud they Propose to make soap and ice and # half dozen other articles in addition to supplying the capital with all kinds of meat. Their building but when reproductions of it of various de- grees of merit had Leen circulated by millions Treasurer Spinner—he of the amazing sigua- ture—suggested that the vignette should be re placed with a porirait of Lumself, which was done. Unfortunately, the precaution availed Very little against the counterfeiter, who simply cut the vigenette off his plate and put Mr. Spinner in. Spinner was very proud of his peculiar an- tograph. For some time he signed it with his own hand on every bit of fractional currency issued by the government, but of this he finally grew tired. “The imitators of this sort of money would multiply their plates by a simple mechan astorun off the staff by sheets, and thus millions upon millions of doliars’ worth of it were distributed within a very short time. ‘Shovers” bought from the ufacturers not ouly the scrip iteelf, but du- plicate plates, so that they could do their own printing. TOM BALLARD AND HIS GANG. Vast quantities of this fraudulent enrrency were issued by a combination in New York city which was the most dengerous association of counterfeiters that had ever existed up to that time. Its inspiring genius was a man named Tom Ballard—a thoroughly scientific forger with a knowledge of chemistry as well as of engraving. He was backed by two capital- ists—one a Broadway carriage dealer and tie other a politician and contractor named Miner. The position of all three of these men in the business world was most respectable, Bullard coatat 1d a being associated in the ownership of consists of an old church containing a vast are : Peale and they have added to this and remodeled un. | the Carriage factory, and it was with: til they have a wonderfal establishment. T) Se fe aa ee ee “4 have their own carsfor the shipping of the pigs | the | firm FeIKAiton Gh oes rom the United States to Mexico, und they will | the treasury in the inflation of the currency. probably make Lig fortunes for themselves and | AS fast as the government multiplied its Iseucs of legal tenders and other securities to meet the necessities of the war Ballard turned out fresh plates, and the presses at No. 256 Rivinge ton street ran c over the count Operations were by no means limited to frae- tional money, notes of all denominations up to $100 and even 3000 each being produced in great numbers and in such a style of artas ulmost to defy detection. When the distinctive fiber paper was adopted in 156 it was supposed to bea periect saiezuard against counterfeit ing, but Bullard, who was an expert in paper making, reproduced it in fac simile, to all in- tents and purposes. ‘The whole gang was finally exposed in 1871, being given away by a ior the Moateans who are connected with them. ‘The diseovery of the new coal fields and of the iron mines in Oaxaca opens up & big field of manuiactures of all kinds of iron work and there is a big field here for the making of paper. All kinds of ary are imported and the prices are exorbitant’ The only kinds made are the coarser varieties of printing paper, and with its great number of fine fibers” there is no reason why Mexico should not make as beau- tiul paper as they turn out in Japan. There | are now eighty-four cotton factories in the country and a dozen woolen mills, MONEY IN MINES. The mining possibilities in Mexico I have | discussed briefly ina former letter. There is ae Aquong the proper ae 20 do at that it is atest mining | {He same time were putes not yet finished pecumon pose tess Sh Oe Ereten aising |e ss aee cle treasury note, proofs country in the worldand the precious metals of | from whieh adorn ono of the pages of | the the next twenty years will come largely from here. There are a thousand abandoned mines which couid be worked with profit by the aid of modern methods and modern machinery, and the new railroads are opening vast fields, some of which have never been proxpected. ‘There | is stlver and gold and other mines, and down in of Vera ( pico there are eds of esphalt and asphalt fountains, | which have been bought by ung Ameri- | the pro HI soon competition with the Trinidad asphalt. This asphalt cdoes not need to be dug. It bub- Ules up oui of the ground and can be tur into barrels, and by tue time this letter is ) is of the company will be offer- Unfortunttely these ndered by the criminals elvetrotyped, and repro- ids were svored away else tout ata Inter day and put Sliner, the “promo.er™ of the feuce by the use of money aud in Ballard ke out of jail and fled, einai pure notwithstanding & reward of $5,000 uitered jor bis apprehen- sion. scrap book described. aud many others sa had been previousis dugtions of the fr: where, to be broug into ase age whole scheme, A REMARNAPLE COUNTERFEIT. ‘Typ years later there suddenly appeared an astonishing counterieit ury note, specimens of which were uc accepted as sl or ing it for sale to some of the big American | genuine at the redemption agency here in Wash- x. Mexico has vast forests which are now | inzion. In pointoi workmanship it was about to be opened up so that their woods can | Zod as the genuine, and it was py. be exported, and, in the tot agriculture, | fiver paper. It was traced to Buifalo, there is son pe said that I will reserve | turd was snrprived there in hie it Lor auoti Prask G. Canventer. | was a iminin sury De ‘own hook. rooms nother was ocenpted by wile « third was devoted to wing. A dilapidated barn jin te rear of the house contained powerfn MUMORY, | presses ancy | the purposes of ex: They Seem to Attach Themscives Chiefly to ‘Men of ‘ he Chicacogbaily 1 deetrie bati fluids for wi Pacha nate a ho | beld in ale casks, because the purchase of glass ae ten ay severe eccentric and men who | iary of the necessary size might huve excited want the world to think th 4 are great begin | rem: Fiber paper was in stock b the ream, the jugslery of eccentricity early in life and | aswell as bond paper tinted cheiically for keep itup. ‘Th genuine genius bas a great | imitating nuttonal bank noton When Billard al of trouble with } eta was caught he was at work on his che! hp od se om pag bee dwuvre—a counterfeit on steel of the Henry Clay couldn't repeat a verse of any | aye-doilar bills of the Bank of British North poem. He couldn't repeat the old long meter | Amer: Montreal. It had been destined, he : raise God from whom ail biess- | said, to * rupt al This ex- traocdinary man, whose legitimate channels wor |hiave enriched him ten tim ing jail nad being recaptured se | was'tinaliy sen j ment in ine Ai but he never forgot an argument, a e. name or a Dr. Leyden, Scott, could repeat an act of par mate friend of Sir Walter ment after hearing its first reading. It is an old story that Milton could repeat Homer, Charles Janes Fox once paid a visit to the town of Goreum. He was relating an incident d to thirty years’ imprison” penitentiary. CHARLES ULRICH'S SKILL. On ancther page ef the scrap book is the | proof of a wouderfuily artistic £500 United | States note, excented by the most skilifal eoun- | terfeiter, with one exception, that ever lived. that occurred there, but could not think of the xt di name of the town. The n y he was gi ing a dimer, and while carving he startled his | The biil was never issued,becanse the engraver, guests by calling “Gorcuim, Gorcum.” ‘Tho | Chavles Uirieh, was captured in the very net of name of the towa bad just oceurved to him. | finishing it. It was all complete exeept'a patch Sydney Smith pretended to despise memory. | Of sy in the vignette on the back, represeat- He waid he saw no more sense in remembering ing De Soto in his great act of diseovermg the all be had read than the dinners that had made Mississippi river. Ihe pate had been erased him fat. from th aving for the purpose of improy- ‘the story has been told for one hundred years | ing it and it shows as a white spot in the proof. that Csrus knew the names of all nis soldiers, | Some of the hundzed-dollar bills which Ulrich Emperor Hadrian could repeat 2.000 words in the order he heard them. Angele had ail of Dante and Petrarch in his memory. It ix said that Pascal knew the Bible by heart. Leibnitz could repeat nearly the whole of Virgil. A London reporter took no notes, and yet, when an unexpected debate sprang up and he was left alone, he couid write it out verbatim. When listening he closed his eyes. He called it ‘*being held up by the cars.” Prof. Lawson boasted that he could, if the Bible were lost, repeat the whole of it with the exception of & few verses. Lord Macaulay made the same boast about “Pilgrim's Pro- gress and “Paradise Lost.” It will be remom- red that none of the works named were loat, so that the gentlemen were never put to the test. It is u fact, however, that «wonderful memory. Wi turned out were so excei!ent us to be hardly distinguishable from the real. His best work was done early in the seventies. MOW THE COUNTERFEIT WAS DETECTZD. One day Gen. Spinner summoned George W. Casilear, chict engraver for the government, and showed him a few notes for $100 exch. “‘Casilear,” said he, “vou say these are coun- terfvits. Ican hardly believe it, Tell me why you think ¢0.” Casilear picked up a powerful magnifying ntion of his superior in the glass and called the aite Officer to the faces of men rowing a boat vignette on the front of the note. Thus viewed they were scen to be grotesque, unlike the originals, and Gen. Spinner announced ception of the point with a vigorous expletive. It is worth mentioning right here that the CHANCES FOR MONEY MAKING IN MEXICO. Mexico in {net offers better chances for the same amount of money, brains and bealth to the investor, business man and fortune maker with his father to call effort of the counterfeiter is not to’ reuder his imitations or 1 : f i i | | F H ifs ff imitations for circulation all | pweiticr 12, 1891—SIXTEEN PAGES. that the British authorities made the country too hot to huld him. In 1856 he came to Amer- ica, and it soon after became evident that a master hand in crime had begun opere- tions on this side of the water. Ten- doliar notes raved to hundreds were quickly discovered in circulation, the prodiact of con- summate art. Alter a winle this master forge bogan manufacturing bundred-deilar_ bills on Rational bank. They were marvels of ac- itation, ax the proofs in the scrap the’ elaborate involutions, evolu- tions and convolutions of the geometric lathe work on the backs being reproduced with amazing exactness with the pa burin. Only one set of plates was required, the name of the bank und the signatures of the oflicers being changed as ofter as reports of a ne counterfeit renderea such alteration desirabl To make it was but a day's work and again and again the country was flooded with bogus cur- rency of a fresh bank, against which uo warn- ing had been published. "in this way hundreds 9f thousands of doliars were marketed. At length « jealous woman whom Ulrich had deserted gave him awa: he was sentenced in 1868 to twelve years in the penitentiary at Columbus, Ohio.” At the end of eight years he j a8 pardoned out, andthe story goes that a wonderful bracelet _of gold, eng: | deft fingers for a lady whe had i with the governor of the state, secured for bim a | fair advocate whose plea for mercy won bis re- |lease. Subsequently he fell bac and was caught, but sentence was suspended in Cousideration of his turning state's evidence. WHERE PLATES ARE HIDE! On another page of this remarkable scrap book are proofs of the front and back of a | counterfeit compound interest note for $100 of the issue of 1565. | its time. ‘The prints are so blurred Dnet that oue asks, as a matter of course, the on why. It 1s because the plates were buried under ground and became rusted. ‘arth is the favorite hiding place ef the coun- tericiter. He never keeps his plates near him Unies they are in process of manufacture. A building may be searched, buta spade will make @ concealment that is beyond the power of po- lice to discover. Usualiy the platesare wrap) in oileloth or covered with wax to prevent ¢ A tale is told of en; rosion. sraved steel plates for perhaps the most dangerous counterfeit | ever made, a note for $190, which are_at pros- lent buried beneath the ‘ks of the Loug | Island railw: The road was built over the | cache where the forgers hid their property. As for the ru tes previ | they were captured from thi i of Which Hank Holmes the “pro moter.” He escaped puuisiment throagh the political imluence behind kim. When he appeared in court was surrounded by usly he Sateilites in diamond breast pins; money towed. like water and the important criminal got away. WHY THE PROMOTER ESCAPES. The “promoter” of a counterfeiting gang is rarely, in fact almost never, made to suifei To makeit clear just why this iseome ex- planation must be given of the manner in Which enterprises of this sort are organized. Tue engraver himself who produces the for- Reries Is never kuown io the persons who circu- late them. ‘The latter, who are ers,” have no sequainiauce with any onei affair usually. They receive word that at acer place business is to be done im tueir line. specific commu: subject beyond the giving of shover gocs to the pla the back cellur of a teneinent house, anda pac age of “stu” is handed out to him turough a small opening in the door. Iu retarn he nands over the requisite amount of cash in good money. He sees nobody, and, if he is caught passing the counterfeits, he knows nothing. Supposing that he steers the police w the cellar where he got them, the disbursing agency has vanished. Even the disbursing agent is presumably not acquainted with the raver or with ihe promoter. _ He gets the ouey” from an intermediary. If he should ‘squeal on” the intermediary the latter denics the charge and there is no evidence against | him, for it is certain that he will have nothing ofacompromising nature in his possessio: ‘The only person who has knowledge of the en- raver is the promoter. who pays him for his work and attends to circulating the boodle. ven aided by the testimony of the engraver it is difticult for the law to convict the promoter, who keeps no criminating evidence about hin in the suape of plates or connterfeits. He is nearly alway speetability, enjoying excellent repute in the community where le lives. Yet it ishe who main- tains the industry of counterfeiting, initiatin the schemes, employing skilied workmen and putting up the capital. ‘Those who meet pun- fitment are merely his tools. ALTERING THE FIGURES. Among the most interesting of the curiosities in the scrap book is aseries of bank notes raised from small denominatiens to big ones by th Process of pasting lurge numbers over little ones. For example, there is a €2 bill which has been transformed intoa fifty by analteration of the figures after this manner. “It wes inborions, but it undoubtedly paid. The person who d these particular bills invented the notion h selt. He was an individual of wide knowk | and some lear known popularly as “One- eved Thompson,” and it was a saying of his that the better a man was educated the big, scoundrel he co be. A bette his own proposition thin hits rely have been found. It was he who originally di viced the metuod of chopping up ten 210 b and pasting the pieces tozetier so as te make eleven of them. The firs: explosive box | to dave been sent by one yirso1 to another Was dispatched by him toa fellow citizen in New York whom he disliked, named Dury. He was an inventor of the first water. PETER M'CARTNEY AS A TRANSFORMER. It was in this business of transforming small Dills into good-sized ones that the celebrated | John Peter MeCartney began his criminal career. He was peddling goods throng IU nois, being then a youth of cighteen. when it No se ion of | | red to him to multiply his doliars by | seraping out “ones” and yusting “fives” and | over then, of broken | : out west in | ve Ths r to whom handed his first looking at ! However. ¢ | ch was presently | sh drawer. MeCur who iad alrendy studied rook instrnetio own hook. From th e the war, he was active in the profession, and it was not very lox eume to a “King of the On Koniack street, Montr headquariers for old-time | whence the name. canTNEy in his peculiar rpusrey nigh inevedible. For many yeurs produced a vast quantity of the “stuff”—i. e., bogus money— but was most industrious in circulatiag it, He hada small directory full of pseudonyms and ime to time appeared in the most extra- ry variety of roles. From season to sea- practiced medicine, served as a commer- velex, wasan artist, « gentleman of cle- gant leisure,» cattle or mule drover, a min Jastable keeper, an agent of the secret servic a treasury expert, and so forth ad iy When hard pressed by dewetives he woul sometimes tuke refagein Washington, the plies of ul! places where tie sleuth hounds of the overnment would be least likely to look for him—namely, under their noses. On oue occasion he delivered a series of lec- tures on “Counterfeits and How to Detect ‘Them,” giving Logas money of his own manu- ture as change at the box office. Though arrested again aud again he procured his free- | dow by bribing his eaptors or jailers with largo suina. Through earnest exertion in his profes sion he became possessed ef a very considera- bie fortune, but the attractions of a criminal don it, In 1870, atter thirty-four years of cessful industry in this line, during which hp must have put more than $1,009,009 in and treasury notes of his own inake into eirea- REAL AND IMITATION FIBER PAPER. ‘ It was McCartaey himself, an inventive ge- nius of astonishing capacity, who first devised the plan of washing real one-dollar bills in hemicals, v0 as to rid them of ink, thas ebiain- the government's own fiber paper to print Soatae oe atten or hundreds or five bau. into crime | It had a big circulation in | 4 indis- | the | man of great ostensible re-| ty | after grec from 1869 to 1854, and it was not a protection. LIBERAL WITH THEIR GOODS. As has been said, McCartney's long preserved it ity from justice was due chieily to the | with which be dis! for freedom. It is sal. Many a law: & big fortune i from counterte:ters. New York city was an was a man of many eccentr example. He ities, one of which was the keeping of paper money in_ his right hand waistcoat pocket, each bili rolled into a Pill by itself. One day he wished to pay for some’ drinks, and pulling a pill ont of the Usual fob he spread it out and handed it over. ‘The bartender looked at it twice and gave it back. “This ie a counterfeit,” ho said. The judge goggied at’ the bill for # mome throngh bis spectacles, grinned and replied as he threw down another note “dare say. One of those d—an clients of gave itto me, I suppose. j | THE REMARKABLE WORK OF SMITH AND BROCKWAT. | Perhaps the most surprising curiosities in | the treasury scrap books are proofs of ccrtain Plates which appear to have had their surf ttered to the utmost po: © those of the fam. 1 by Chas. H. Smith and | kway, which we ofa great lawsuit’ against th Such works of art were they that no question of their genumeness was raised until Jay Cooke & Co. forwarded £54,000 worth of them to ti treasury bet Caxileat de claimed that the original plates m | | on the strength of that assumption was brought by Jay Cooke & Co. Jagainst the government The | Was lost by the plainti " ly the m For twe be utmort ay produced counterfuit after counte . | most marvelous character, both of notes aud 55 to > Probably not less 10 of imitation money of his man- ufaeture found its way into circulation. It wus only through the discovery of hte association | with notorious ter Brockway, | hinself a marvelous ex his dine Sunita: w La combinatio: s that has ever « way did all they coul © aguiant One & | securing his own | alter the mann jably, when the their own comrades. COUNTEUFEITERS BLOCKED. Happily the day of the counterfeiters in this country is over. Ii was the present chief en graver for tho treasury, Mr. George W. Casi- Jear, who waschiefly mstramental in diseover- ing and bringing to justice the Smith-Brock- Way gang. Mis wateh.uin, 1 activity have | done more than the work of any other laan to break up the b the United States. one really dangerous counte the highest shiii sainst the works ry now turns of the nation. —_ A WONDERFUL DAKOTA WELL. aper which t cut for the curre It Throws a Two and One-F toa Height of 140 Fee: The artesian wel! on the val says the South Dakota Huwrouite, continues to attract great crowds of peo And well it may, for it is really the wonder of the age Following the tests made of the pressure Sat- urday and Sunday, the cap was removed and stock farm, es of water was shot of 125 to 140 feot. p into the aira dista: Tho @y | cross beams and braces of the aclear way and no da two-and-a-half-i stream would be sent 160 feet into the air. great is the pressure that pine boards six inches wide and one inch th braces on the derrick, fift | the water. | While this nozzle was on the der- | rick, which is seventy-five feet high, was al- | most hidden from view by the spray and jet- tinge of the stream. Later in the eveni of the well, who has eh: d upon the stream four rly seventy feet, in its descent. ‘This wa: " ’ sound, and fr quen? sharp reports res: ng the discharge of a rifle were heard. ‘This etrenm, ax well as the smaller one, struck the walking beam and broke much of its fo: | The amount of wat well as tremendous, b meter shot up m everything rth | ing estimated at from 8.000 to 10.000 gallons per minute. Fven at the lowest figure cnough pours out of the weil to furnish every woman aud ¢ | state of South Dakota with at least four cn! of water every (woaty-four at has n sts alread ably more tha square inch. With » ° : onnds. The pressure the last three days bore ceed the The weil is now 60 feet di as soon as machinery now ordered work of | reaming the hole to eight inches in diameter, citan cightinch well from top to bet tom, will be prosecuted. The water ix soft, clear aud pleasant ¢o the taste. flow. the low pla aithouza great ditches have been dug ¢ it into the Jim river, acres of water may be seon in every direction. Without donbt this is the greatest artesian well in the worl. toe How Pat Got His Receipt. From the Manchester Some time ago Twas trating ina vil saysa correspondent, when one came to the junior partner, who chan waiting on step to the d to settle estore, he clerks ito be : “Won't you please Pat Dlynn wants | Dill, and insists on having a re- | cei he merchant was evide: what does he want with never give one. Simp off the book: that is receipt T told him,” answered the not satisfied. You had better see kim.” So the proprietor stepped to the desl 1g Pat with a “good morning, “You wished to settle your bill, did you? which irmativ “Weil,” x: “there isnonced | of my giving you a ree 1 will cross your account of the book,” and, suiting the ion to the word, he drew’ his pencil diago- | ly zerons the account, “That is as goodasa | ih. “but he to me fur it am “We'll never ask you for it again,” said the ant decidedly. th, thin,” wad Pat, “and I'M be afther in’ me money in me pocket, for I haven't paid it yet. The merchant's face flushed angrily, as he retorted, “Oh, well, I cun rub that out. paitaith, wow, and'T thongit that same,” said it. It is needless to add that Pat obtained his ro- ceipt. ——_+e+ —____ Making Up the Form, From Judge. | pected th: throngha nozzle a two-and-one-hulf-inch stream | ct course of | the stream was greatly interfered with by the | errick. With | k, used as stars and | mov fect above the | mouth of the well, were broken by the force of | Came on here |? t fows from the ila in the | | And he bounded off | catch what you said. No. row Punch. Scone.—An evening party: Miss Prosi Blod- kinson, a talented young Professic er the favorite piece, tided “The Lover of Lobelia Panga, a Tayh ‘There is the usual crash and the gu uistde the drawing room, who can neither hear nor see what is going on, console them- by conversing in distinctly audible tones. Jammed in a doorway between the persons who are trying to get in and the pe ple who would be only too giad to get oat is an Unsophistionted Guest, wno doesn't know a soul and is consequently rediced to bistening to the recttation. Thir is whet be bears: *s Froua Hind (in tone of lady-like ap only aw « Several iadies put np their glases and ex amine her critically, as if they had rather ex- cgnfession. Snudden burst of Ke ty Chatter from without.) y Chatter-tiow d've 4 ever ore !....How ure you?... Noy he's somewhere about... ain the Row th anything on— . but doce t sae mow trying to get in at present... ete. Miss Frosia inning agal ohless, rough, in am un- conventional Thain't, asa role h to ay, and my Conversation m= thy onthe. (Cries of “Sen a. however, for the cople outaide ring harder thaa ee strikes mvear— — Ob, much cooler ful, wan't i? Everybod you don't really?.”..Oh, §. thanks....The new butler Tiect demon....but T natd I w © tis tail ducked for anything so they’¥e pass u de Nil, and it looks #0 nice Miss FP aly) When the { females strikes my ear, I jest vamoone, for they make me akecred And I sorter suspicion I #kcer them, soo, with my huang form, and my bushy beard ! ft course, she sirokes a very round ety in ther \attor—Seems to be aa *, notin’, Weil, Tee, OL nd her version know....Have you seen him in ine with a Medici collar and one of axty gouty attacks he will have are only rhoumatinm, ete., ete. Diss I when next heard): I cleared my throat, and I tried to speak — but the words died cuengha A Feminme Voie at hada q Mise F. B. - alarm. For there in front (Here she points dramatically at « stout ma- tron, who fans herself consciously.) Was the slonder form and the sweet “School Marm !” vs, hev’ ye beard an Molian harp, which a Zepbyr's tremulous finger twany od ye the way I felt when I Bangs ! pethin’ nor som thin of at, So long since we 4 ialk together! Do tell me ail about, —strangled by sheer Waal, it kinder thrills first beheld Lobeli Chat.—Oh, you really onght to go—eo ick and I beth regularly howled last ct....Not in the least, Well, af tl is a seat....You're re are any tees? Then, strawberry, no, nothing: 1 drink?....Will you allow ir perfectly, but 4 Swecenborguan, my or something borrid....Haven't ¥ I've had it three tumes, and... so many people have asked me for cards that really 1... hw he drains thoroughly looked to, and now they're... delicious, in . ete, Miss F. B. (with genuine feeling). meek-voiced girl could ave he 4 deafening din But Lobela’s scholars discovered soun she'd a dead sure notion of discip For her satin palm had a sting-tike steel, and the rowdiost rebel respected her, she'd stretched out six of the bardest ts in the bible claws with « Derringer ! Soe. Chat.—No, a very duit party, you could awuly im all nd the whe ons 28 soon as we could... Capital gave us, too....ete., ete. F. B. (with as much sible under the circumstances). And the silence dee no creature stirred in the stagnant Hush, aud the only sound Was the far-off Iumbering jolt, produced by the prairie rolling for leagues aroun “hat. (erescende)—Uh, an old nein for step-dancing sons....and cut ber kuets rater badiy, , so 1 put her out to grass....and now ait up and hold «biscuit on her nose renily ought to mixa littlegray in her ,vic., tw the distraction of the Uneo- est, who is getting quite intere bela Bangs, whom he sudd y covers, mich to Lis wt Miss F. 2. dinwer thi viction as pos she cw for ages: but last time i met hima he was....in a dreadful state, with the wn jrith influenza... and so A suppove he's married ber by this tame! Mins F. B. (excitediy). But hark! in the distance « weird, shrill ery, a kinder meurntul, monotonous (Further irraption of Society Chatter)....ie it jackal ?—bison ?—a ery for help? Soc. Chat “complete rest, you know— 80 porte Nota soul to talk to. I love it....bat, to really enj & tomato, you -an” the sweetest litue must see it “dressed.. sailor sit! Mies F. 3. Biy horse w A dropy Then a speck on the pampas’ verge, for 1 the reia in my baste to sto ed my ear to the baking soil h. horror the Indian whuep Some say it tent infectious, but Chat ore can't be too careful, and, with ebildrea am the honse, ete., ete, Miss I | Lrose to with quivering knees, and m; face turned white as a fresh-washed towe Thad heard a war ery [knew too well—twas the ous band of Blue-nosed Ow! Nice icilow—I'm very fond of oiresh capital company—metbim whem 1 was over there, ete. Miss F. 2 “What? lew ou to face those fiends alone!” she eric d stid from her horse's back; “Let me dic with you—for Llove you, Clem!” Then she gave her steed # resounding ‘ow heaven be emack, that my schoul sia-cbooter 1 brought! sald shi “Four barrels I'll keep for the front-rank foes— and the next for you and the last for me!” Soc. Chat.—Is ‘omic piece she's doing.do youknow? Don't think so. I cam eee some- body smiling. Souuds rather like or Dickens, or one of those feliabs..... t ‘Qaite imposible to Lear one’s self speak, isn't it? Miss F. B. And ever louder the demons for their pulefuced prey—but I scorned death's For | devined it a doom that was half delight to top of her voice). Dut 1 could not bear any squaw to torture aay own true love!” And she raised the revolver—“orack-erach- crack ! (To the infinite chagrin of the U: cated Guest, who is intensely low Miss Bangs and ber lover unpicasant @ dilemma—the her revolver, together stanzas, are drowned ina: